英语论文-美国政治制度

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美国政体英文版

美国政体英文版一美国政体.the Articles of Confederation《联邦条款》Congress requires each country to send representatives to a meeting in Philadelphia, the city signed the Declaration of Independence, to discuss which changes to strengthen the federal provisions. The smallest state, Rhode Island, refused to attend the meeting, but representatives from 12 other countries. The meeting came to be known as the Constituent Assembly (Constituent Assembly), began in May 1787.II. The making of the U.S ConstitutionU.S. Constitution developIn the course of the convention, the delegates designed a new form of government for the United States. Constitution established a federal system with a strong central government. A federal system in which power is shared between a central authority and its components, and each part rights reserved. The Constitution also calls for national leadership election, or the President. It provides (provisions), the federal law will only be made by the representatives of the people elected by a parliament composed. It also provides a national court system headed by the Supreme Court.The deputies set up a government composed of three parts, or branches, executive, legislative and judicial. Each branch has powers that no one I have, and limitations of each branch has resisted any wrongdoing by the other branch of the way. 1776 1789 of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution forms the basis of the U.S. federal government. The new constitution was finally in 13 states approved by the majority of the nine members of the public andcame into effect in 1787. "Bill of Rights" was added to the Constitution in 1791.III. The Federal GovernmentThree branches , including administration, headed by the President , legislation, including both houses of Congress ( Senate and House of Representatives ) and the judiciary , the Supreme Court leadership.China and the U.S. Federal GovernmentThe legislative branch ( legislative body ) is composed of elected representatives from all countries , and is the only branch that can make federal laws, levy ( levy ) federal tax , and declared war or the foreign treaty to take effect. It is divided into the House of Representatives and the Senate by Congress .House of Representatives , including legislators who served for two years . Each congressman on behalf of his or her home one area. State the number of districts is determined by taking the number of the population every 10 years .Senate who served six years , including the period legislator . Every country, regardless of population , has two senators .The main duties of this conference is to make laws , including those paid by the federal government's taxing work . Began as a proposal of a law called the " Act ." This is a reading, Research Committee , comments ( comment ) , and in the Senate or the House of Representatives chamber ( House ) in which it was introduced amendments ( amendments ) . It was then put to the vote .If passed, it is sent to a similar method in which the generation of other houses. Members of both houses to work together in the " conference committee" if the Chamber of Commerce have passed different versions of the same bill ( text ) .Groups who are trying to convince members of Congress to vote for or against the bill is called " lobbying" ( lobbying group ) . When passed byboth houses of Congress , they agreed to a bill that is sent to the President for signature . After signing the bill into law just does .The executive branch ( the executive body )CEO of the United States is the president, who along with vice president , was elected to a four-year term . According to a constitutional amendment passed in 1951 , the president can choose to only two aspects .The President is the head of State and head of government , and the military commander of the army and the chief diplomat . He presided over the federal government's executive branch . In the executive branch , the president has broad constitutional powers to issue ( command ) about federal departments work regulations ( regulations ) , and instructed him to issue an executive order can affect internal policies.Presidential power is terrible ( huge ) . President as a major public policy makers often raise the Legislative Assembly . The president can veto ( veto ) any bill passed by Congress . Veto can be overridden ( overturned veto , so invalid ) in the Senate and House of Representatives by 2/3 vote. The president can appoint federal judges vacancies , including members of the Supreme Court. All of these appointments are subject to the court (subject ...... consent ) confirmed by the Senate. In the executive branch , the president has broad powers to work orders issued regulations ( regulations ) and related federal departments ( command ) . He was commander in chief of the army.Heads and senior officials of the executive agency appointed by the President , the vast majority of federal workers .The main branches of government are appointed by the secretary ( minister , secretary ) who together constitute the leadership of the President's Cabinet . Each appointment must be confirmed by the Senate for a vote . Under the Constitution, the president is primarily responsible for handling external relations .Judiciary ( Judiciary )The judiciary ( the judiciary ) and head of the Supreme Court justices ( Chief Justice ) and 8 Associate Justice ( Justice ) . Federal judges are appointed for life or voluntary retirement , and the process can only be removed from office by Congress impeachment trial .The Supreme Court consists of nine justices : Chief Justice of the United States and eight Associate Justices . They have the same rights and the Chief Justice does not decide the case for re- vote when the vote ( vote ) or colleagues power indication.The Supreme Court has the right to judicial review , the power to decide whether Parliament legislative or administrative acts unconstitutional .Checks and balancesWhen Americans talk about their national governments in three parts , they tend to put their so-called system of "checks and balances " system.The president has the power to make treaties withother nations and to make all appointments tofederal positions, including the position of SupremeCourt justice. The Senate , however, must approveall treaties and confirm all appointments beforethey become official.The Supreme Court can determine whethercongressional legislation or executive action violatesthe Constitution.executive judiciallegislativeIV. the Bill of Rights (another basicfoundation in the U.S Constitution ) In 1791 it passed by 10 short paragraphs, to ensure individual rights and freedoms and government interference in personal life ban. In the Bill of Rights, the American guarantee of freedom of speech and freedom of religion news. Their right to assembly in public places, the right to bear arms, and so on. There are other 16 amendments to the Constitution of 1991. Thus, there were 27 amendments to the U.S. Constitution. V. Two major Political PartiesDemocrats and Republicans (often called the "Grand Old Party" or Republican): America's political system is dominated by two political parties. These are very old, very stable political party - "Democrats and Republicans back to 1824, respectively, the Democratic Party, founded in 1854 as a donkey, and is characterized as a Republican elephant.Americans do not join a political party to vote or become a candidate for public office.。

英语论文美国政治

My View on Changes of American PoliciesAmerica developed into the super power of 20th century and proceeds to play a leading role in many fields, from a young nation formed by immigrants. During that process their foreign policies changed, contributing to their prosperity as well as depression.America stood as an independent country since 1783. In the early time, the US held neutrality for decades in the foreign policies since 1793. As the nation grew stronger, American started its expansion. The treaty with Spain gave Americans the right to use the Mississippi River freely. The Louisiana Purchase of 1803 added a territory of 2144476 square kilometers. In the War of 1812 both sides agreed to the Treaty of Ghent, establishing a commission to settle boundary disputes. The next years are called “The Era of Good Feeling”when the economy prospered and the nation expanded westward. In 1818 a treaty with Britain gave America the Red River Basin, north of the Louisiana Territory, and Spain ceded Florida to the US in 1819. Many inventions or projects like the first steamboat and the first railroad promoted the westward movement and economy. In 1845 Congress annexed Texas. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo gave America a vast stretch of land from Texas west to the Pacific and north to Oregon by paying the Mexican government 15000000 dollars. In 1846, Britain gave up its claim to land south of 49 degrees latitude, establishing the western boundary between Canada and the US. In the peace treaty of 1846 California became part of the US. In 1853 America bought 77700 square kilometers of border lands from Mexico paying 10000000 dollars. In 1867, Alaska was purchased from Russia for 7200000 dollars. 1898, Hawaii was annexed by the US.During the WWΙ, the US firstly stated its neutrality considering its trade relationship But, German acts of aggression made the US declare war on Germany on April 6, 1917. Finally, the German Army retreated to its homeland in1918. During 1920’s America employed policies effectively promoted its overseas trade. Meanwhile, immigrants flooded into America. Similarly at the beginning of the Second World War, America held neutrality. Realizing the promising threat to their land, America enteredthe war. The “D-Day” invasion of Northern France by American and British forces surrendered Germany. And the two deadly atomic bombs made Japan surrendered. At the end of Second World War, the US joined the UN, funded the Marshall Plan, which provided money and technical assistance to reestablish the economies in devastated European countries.As a world power after the Second World War, American foreign policy changed from isolation into intervention. It t ended to act as the world’s policeman. Then the US entered a cold war with the Soviet Union.Starting from the WWII, America changed itself to world hegemony from one-region hegemonism. During the nearly half century after WWII, America carried the Cold War, suppress and peace into combination in face of the Soviet Union. After the collapse of theSoviet Union, America continued its Cold War Mentality to attempt to replay the violent change of the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe among the Third World, including China, to realize its unipolar world.In large part, “Containment Policy” and the Marshall Plan were persuading other countries to side with the US by providing assistance. The US entered the Korean War yet ended up with an armistice confirming the 38t h parallel as Korea’s dividing line between North and South Korea. In terms of Cuba, Vietnam, the US proceeded to act as the world’s police. And Nixon’s “balance-of –power” diplomacy reduced the tension between America and the two major communist nations- China and Soviet Union. While Reagan’s foreign policy brought the nation into a new clod war, yet eventually, ended it by a major arms-control treaty. In terms of business, the US often invested in developing countries made the nation the largest producer and seller of goods in the world market. The agreement for elimination of the nuclear weapons and the economic prosperity won Clinton’s foreign cautious policy popularity. However, after Bush’s invasion of Afghanistan and Iraq as a response to the 9/11, th e US was hated and distrusted abroad.Criticisms to American’s unilateralism were mainly focus on the Clinton administration and George W. Bush administration. The ambition to dominate the whole world showed incisively and vividly. Unilateralism brought America benefits,at least, in a short time. However, such a pushy foreign policy is doomed to bring the world disaster as well as America. 9.11 was a best example to illustrate it. America has paid painfully to what he did.Now the US is still one of the most developed countries and meanwhile was confronted with great challenges. They are a nation in economic turmoil, in an unpopular unjustifiable war; a nation that must change in many ways to be true to the American dream.。

美国政治制度英文

美国政治制度英文The Political System of the United StatesThe United States of America is known for its unique political system that has shaped the country's history and governing principles. The foundation of the political system is based on the Constitution, which was adopted in 1787 and has served as a guiding document for over two centuries.The U.S. political system is characterized by its federal structure, with power divided between the federal government and the fifty individual states. This system was created to ensure a balance of power and to protect the rights of both the federal government and the states. The federal government is responsible for national issues such as defense, foreign policy, and trade, while the states have authority over issues such as education, healthcare, and transportation.At the federal level, power is divided into three branches: the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. The executive branch is headed by the President, who is elected by the people for a four-year term. The President is responsible for implementing and enforcing laws, as well as making key decisions on domestic and foreign policy. The legislative branch consists of the Congress, which is composed of two houses – the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Congress is responsible for making laws, approving the federal budget, and representing the interests of the American people. The judicial branch is made up of the Supreme Court and other federal courts, which are responsible for interpreting the laws and ensuring their constitutionality.The U.S. political system is also known for its two-party system, consisting of the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. While there are other political parties in the country, these two parties dominate the political landscape. Elections are held regularly to choose political leaders at all levels – from the President to local officials. The process of electing the President is unique, as it involves an electoral college system rather than a direct popular vote. This system ensures that small states have a say in the election process, as each state is allocated a number of electoral votes based on its representation in Congress.In addition to the division of powers, the U.S. political system guarantees certain rights and freedoms to its citizens. These rights are outlined in the Bill of Rights, the first ten amendments to the Constitution, and include freedom of speech, religion, and assembly. It also guarantees due process of law and protection against unreasonable searches and seizures.The United States' political system has faced many challenges throughout its history, but it has proven resilient and adaptable. Its federal structure and separation of powers have promoted checks and balances, preventing any one branch of government from becoming too powerful. The two-party system ensures a diversity of viewpoints and promotes competition within the political system. In conclusion, the political system of the United States is characterized by its federal structure, separation of powers, and two-party system. It is built on the principles of the Constitution, which guarantees rights and freedoms to its citizens. Despite itschallenges, the U.S. political system has been instrumental in shaping the country's history and promoting democratic governance.。

美国政治制度用英语简洁介绍

美国政治制度用英语简洁介绍篇一：美国政治制度的英语作文The United State political systemAs far as I am concerned, I believe that the Constitutional federal republish of The United State is democratic. The United State federal system pursues the principe of “Checks and Balan ces”. The American constitution required that the state authority consisted of legislative branch, executive branch, judicial branch , which was parallel to others and restricted others. The Congress consists of the House and the Senate. Each state has two senators despite the population, which ensures that the small states have an equal power in one of the houses of Congress. The House of Representatives are elected according to the proportion of the population states. The main duty of the Congress is to make laws. Only when the House and the Senate vote and pass the bill and then send it to the president for his signature, can it become a law. The chief executive of the United State is the president.He is head of government, commander–in–chief of the armed forces and chief of state. The president is elected by the citizens and he has to be responsible for them. The president can veto the law that the Congressproposes. However,Congress can enact the law despite the president’s views only if two thirds of the members of both houses vote in favour of it. The judicial branch is headed by the Supreme Court. The judges are appointed by the president. The judges can have lifelong tenure if they do not commit a crime.In my opinion, I think that both the presidential election and the enactment of law in the United State are democratic. Thomas Jefferson ever said“As far as I understand it, the supreme power of the most reliable person in charge can only be the people themselves” in 1820. The American system of government represents the citizens benefit and promotes the economic development rapidly.However, the American system has also existed disadvantages. I think the racial prejudice is a serious problem in American society. A 18‐year‐old black youth named Michael Brown was shot by a white policeman and finally died in Missouri, America on August 9th 2014. whichcaused large‐scale demonstrations and developed the violent incident such as beating,smashing and looting in many places. When the grand jury judgedthat the white policeman can not be accused on November 24th , the protests spread quickly more than 170 cities in America. This issue caused wild public concern not only at home but also all over the world. Unfortunately, the racial problem has not been solved yet.Different from the America, China carried out the system of people’s congress, which fits our country’s situation. In political parties, America has two‐party system but China insists an single‐party system. I think that Chinese system has high efficiency in a short time but has poor long‐term stability, because of lacking power supervision. Instead, American system has low efficiency in short‐term but has high efficiency for a long time. Therefore, we can not say the Chinese system is superior to American system, because they both fit their own country’s situation and have positive impact on the economical development. However,the officials looting has become a more and more serious problem in our country. The officials’duties are serving to the people and doing something beneficial to the public. Butthey failed in their responsibility and looted,which may cause the public feel disappointed to the government. Although the government has taken effective measures to suppress the corruption,officials looting remains a serious problem in our country. So,I think that our government should perfect the power supervision system constantly and prevent the officials from looting. Only by doing this, our country may become better and better.篇二：美国政治制度英文the united state political systemin my opinion, i think that both the presidential election and the enactment of law in the united state are democratic. thomas jefferson ever said“as far as i understand it, the supreme power of the most reliable person in charge can only be the people themselves” in 1820. the american system of government represents the citizens benefit and promotes the economic development rapidly.however, the american system has also existed disadvantages. i think the racial prejudice is a serious problem in american society. a 18‐year‐old black youth named michael brown was shot by a white policeman and finally died in missouri, america on august 9th 2014. whichcaused large‐scale demonstrations and developed the violent incident such as beating,smashing and looting in many places. when the grand jury judgedthat the white policeman can not be accused on november 24th , the protests spread quickly more than 170 cities in america. this issue caused wild public concern not only at home but also all over the world. unfortunately, the racial problem has not been solved yet.the united state political systemin my opinion, i think that both the presidential election and the enactment of law in the united state are democratic. thomas jefferson ever said“as far as i understand it, th e supreme power of the most reliable person in charge can only be the people themselves” in 1820. the american system of government represents the citizens benefit and promotes the economic development rapidly.however, the american system has also existed disadvantages. i think the racial prejudice is a serious problem in american society. a 18‐year‐old black youth named michael brown was shot by a white policeman and finally died in missouri, america on august 9th 2014. which caused large‐scale demonstrations and developed theviolent incident such as beating,smashing and looting in many places. when the grand jury judgedthat the white policeman can not be accused on november 24th , the protests spread quickly more than 170 cities in america. this issue caused wild public concern not only at home but also all over the world. unfortunately, the racial problem has not been solved yet.一、英国政治体制的模式及特点英国的政治制度是典型的君主立宪制，其主要特点是“议会至上”、以内阁为权力核心、君主虚位、政党组织严密。

英国美国政治制度英语作文

英国美国政治制度英语作文English: The political systems of the United Kingdom and the United States have key differences that stem from their historical development and principles. The UK operates under a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system, where the monarch is the head of state but the Prime Minister is the head of government. The US, on the other hand, is a federal republic with a presidential system, where the President is both the head of state and government. In the UK, Parliament consists of two houses - the House of Commons and the House of Lords - with the Prime Minister being the leader of the majority party in the Commons. In the US, Congress is divided into the House of Representatives and the Senate, with the President being elected independently from Congress. Additionally, the UK has a unitary system where power is centralized in Westminster, while the US has a federal system with power divided between the federal government and state governments. These differences in political systems lead to varying approaches to governance, decision-making, and checks and balances between branches of government.中文翻译: 英国和美国的政治制度有着根源于历史发展和原则的重要差异。

美国政治系统英语作文

The American political system is a complex and multifaceted structure that has evolved over centuries.It is a federal system,which means power is divided between the national government and the states.This essay will delve into the intricacies of the American political landscape,exploring its foundations,the branches of government,and the unique characteristics that define it.At its core,the American political system is based on the Constitution,a document that was drafted in1787and has been amended27times since then.The Constitution establishes the framework for the federal government and outlines the rights and responsibilities of its citizens.It is a living document that has been interpreted and reinterpreted by the Supreme Court,shaping the nations political and social fabric.The American government is divided into three branches:the legislative, the executive,and the judicial.This separation of powers is designed to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful and to ensure a system of checks and balances.The legislative branch,composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives,is responsible for making laws. The executive branch,headed by the President,enforces these laws and carries out the daytoday operations of the government.The judicial branch, led by the Supreme Court,interprets the laws and ensures they are consistent with the Constitution.One of the most distinctive features of the American political system is the twoparty system.The Democratic and Republican parties have dominated American politics for most of the countrys history,although there havebeen periods of thirdparty influence.This system has both advantages and disadvantages.On the one hand,it provides stability and predictability in the political process.On the other hand,it can limit the range of political ideas and perspectives that are represented in government.Another notable aspect of the American political system is the role of interest groups.These organizations,ranging from labor unions to business associations to advocacy groups,play a significant role in shaping policy and influencing the political process.They provide a way for citizens to participate in politics beyond voting,by lobbying elected officials and raising awareness about specific issues.The electoral process in the United States is also unique.The President is elected through the Electoral College,a system in which each state has a certain number of electors based on its population.This system has been the subject of much debate,with critics arguing that it can lead to a candidate winning the presidency without winning the popular vote.In conclusion,the American political system is a complex and dynamic structure that has been shaped by history,the Constitution,and the evolving needs of its citizens.It is characterized by a separation of powers, a twoparty system,and the influence of interest groups.While it has its flaws and challenges,it remains a system that many around the world look to as a model of democracy and governance.。

美国的政治制度的英文作文

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文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!The political system of the United States is a complex and multi-layered structure. At the federal level, it is characterized by a separation of powers among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. Each branch has its own distinct powers and responsibilities, which are outlined in the Constitution.The President of the United States is the head of the executive branch and is responsible for implementing and enforcing the laws passed by Congress. The President isalso the Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces and has the power to negotiate and sign treaties with foreign governments.The legislative branch of the U.S. government is comprised of the Senate and the House of Representatives, together known as Congress. Congress is responsible for making the laws of the country, and both chambers must approve a bill before it can become law. The Senate has 100members, two from each state, while the House of Representatives has 435 members, with the number from each state based on its population.The judicial branch of the U.S. government is headed by the Supreme Court, which is the highest court in the country. The Supreme Court is responsible for interpreting the Constitution and ensuring that laws passed by Congress and actions taken by the President are in accordance with it. The Court has the power to declare laws or executive actions unconstitutional.In addition to the federal government, the United States also has a system of state and local governments, each with its own set of powers and responsibilities. This system of federalism allows for a division of authority between the national government and the individual states, providing for a balance of power and a degree of autonomy for each state.The political system of the United States is characterized by a strong emphasis on individual rights andfreedoms, as outlined in the Bill of Rights and other amendments to the Constitution. The system is also marked by a commitment to democracy, with regular elections at the federal, state, and local levels, allowing for the peaceful transfer of power and the expression of the will of the people.Overall, the political system of the United States is a dynamic and ever-evolving structure, shaped by the principles of democracy, federalism, and the separation of powers. It is a system that seeks to balance the needs of the people with the limitations of government, and to provide for a government that is both strong and accountable to the people it serves.。

美国政治制度(精选多篇)

美国政治制度(精选多篇)第一篇：美国政治制度概况美国政治制度概况political institution（政治制度）1．the american constitution is the oldest written constitution in the world. it was draw up in 1787 and went into effect in 1789.美国宪法是世界上最早的成文宪法，它起草于1787年，生效于1789年。

2．in 1787,congress called for a meeting of delegate from all the states to revise the articles of confederation.1787年，国会召开各州代表参加的大会，主要目的是修改有明显缺点的《联邦条款》。

3．the government is divided into three branched: the legislative ,the executive ,and the judicial. each branch has part of the powers but not all the power.美国政府被分为3部分：立法机构，行政机构和司法机构。

4．in either case, amendments must have the approval of three-fourths of the states before they enter into force.有两种情可以提出修改宪法条款，但不管是哪种，修正案必须经过3/4的批准才能生效。

5．the president of the u.s is the head of the executive branch and the headof the state elected by the whole nation. the constitution requires the president to be a natural-born american citizen at least 35 years of age. the president election was held every 4 years .宪法规定总统必须是美国本土出生的美国公民，至少年满35岁，总统选举每四年举行一次。

the government of unitied states文章

The Government of the United States文章引言:"The Government of the United States" 是一个引人注目的主题，涵盖了美国政治体系、政府机构以及其运作方式。

本文将深入探讨美国政府的组织结构、职能和核心价值，旨在为读者提供关于美国政治的全面了解。

1. 三权分立的原则:美国政府以三权分立为基础。

行政、立法和司法权力被分配到不同的分支，以确保权力的制衡和避免滥用。

行政权归总统负责，立法权由国会行使，而司法权则在最高法院和其他联邦法院中得到体现。

2. 总统与行政部门:总统作为行政部门的领导者，拥有广泛的权力，包括制定行政政策、签署法案、外交事务等。

行政部门负责执行政府政策，分为多个机构，如国务院、国防部等，各司其职以确保政府有效运作。

3. 国会的角色:国会是美国立法机构，分为参议院和众议院两个议院。

国会负责通过法律、预算和监督行政部门。

其成员由选民选举产生，代表各州和选区的利益，体现了联邦制度的核心价值。

4. 联邦制度和各州自治:美国政府采用联邦制度，即中央政府和各州政府共同存在，各自拥有独立的权力。

各州政府负责管理本州内务，拥有一定程度的自治权。

这种体制旨在平衡中央集权和地方自治之间的关系。

5. 司法体系的独立性:美国司法体系由最高法院及其他联邦法院组成，负责解释宪法和裁决法律争端。

法官的任命是终身制，以保障其独立性，使其能够独立于政治干预，维护法治和公正。

6. 选举与民主原则:美国政府通过选举制度实现民主原则。

总统、国会成员、以及州和地方政府的领导人均由选民选举产生。

选举的周期性和广泛的民众参与是美国政治体系的重要特征。

7. 政治党派与议会协商:美国政治中存在两大主要政党，即共和党和民主党。

这两大党派在国会和总统选举中争夺权力。

政府的决策常常需要两党之间的协商和妥协，以促进国家的稳定和发展。

8. 公民权利和自由:美国政府重视公民的权利和自由。

美国政治体制(英文版)

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The House of Representatives has 435 members, each representing a congressional district for a two-year term. House seats are apportioned (分配)among the states by population every tenth year. The Senate has 100 members with each state having two senators, elected at-large to sixyear terms; one third of Senate seats are up for election every other year.
President Barack Obama named Hillary Rodham Clinton as his choice for Secretary of State. Secretary of State uniquely refers to the official responsible for foreign policy. The U.S. Secretary of State is head of the United State Department(美国国务院).
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The polity of United States

The United States is the world’s oldest surviving federation. It is a constitutional republic.(宪政共和国) Federal(联邦) and state judicial(司法的) and cabinet officials are typically nominated(提名) by the executive branch(行政部门) and approved by the legislature(立法机关), although some state judges and officials are elected by popular vote.(普选)

英语美国政体

OverviewU.S. objective that is now the world's most developed countries, whether from the political and economic science, and technology, the objective with the United States that it is inseparable from the political system of the U.S. political system is the core of the system of separation of powers, democracy, freedom That human rights are the basic elements of society.OriginOther countries in the world, compared to the U.S. political life is in a unique structure of power, political power is widely dispersed in all sectors of the community, not for power-grade, but competition-style. As the U.S. government authority, including legislative, administrative, judicial three systems, each system plays a role in their own, while restricting each other, they are the most direct policy-makers. And to participate in and influence policy formulation also includes the various forces and other roles, such as business, finance, the legal profession, foundations, universities, media and cultural institutions and civil society organizations (women, racial, ethnic groups). David Truman (David Truman) to the most direct decision-makers and voters between the interest groups known as the "middle structure" and to treat them as part of government agencies. "The middle structure, including a large number of interest groups, companies, trade unions, churches, various professional associations, the media, political parties, these organizations between the Government and people betwee n government agencies and people linked bonds. They Neither in a subordinate position, not in a dominant position. This is the diversified structure of the distribution of power in American society an important form of expression. "Xiersiman (Hilsman) more concise explanation, he called the first lap of the Government of Policy makers, political parties and interest groups belong to the second circle of policy makers, the media, political parties and interest groups gain political power Yulungongju. This shows that the United States the formulation of government policy not only confined to government agencies and the top leaders of various social forces and social institutions play an important and decisive role.Therefore, the United States was considered typical of the multi-national democracy, which is well-known political scientist Robert said in the "polyarchy". Pluralist political system is the essential feature of decentralization, or the centre of power in diversification. Power to make all kinds of diverse political forces play a role in the decision making process, they compete for government agencies to exert influence, reflecting the various interests, in a bid to enable the formulation of policies consistent with their needs. [2] concrete expression of political pluralism: (1) American society, there are many powerful interest groups, they can use some effective ways to participate in decision-making process. Official U.S. policy is usually bargaining between the various groups and the result of a compromise. (2) all major groups in a relative balance of power and mutual constraints, and no one group is powerful enough to dominate other groups. (3) the balance of power between the various groups of a democratic society, natural state.FrameU.S. federal, state and local government outlinedU.S. government system began in 1776, initially only a concept based on freedom and democracy in the trial. However, history has proven that it is a very dynamic and adaptive system.Often referred to as the United States is a democracy, but, more precisely, the United States is the implementation of the federal constitutional republican (constitutional federal republic). "Constitutional" ( "constitutional") is the U.S. government is the establishment of the constitution on the basis of this"constitution" is the country's highest law ─ ─ not only determine the structure of federal and state governments, and established the government's authority. "Federation" ( "federal") system embodied in the United States by a national government and state government composed of 50. "Republican" ( "republic") is a means by the people in power, but by the elected representatives of the ruling regime. The operation of the U.S. political systemIt seems that some people in the United States system of government seems to be simple and straightforward: Congress enacted the law, the president implemented the law. But look closely you can see that in fact this is a much more complex with the interaction and the system of checks and balances.As a Republic, the U.S. government is in the fundamental power of the hands of the people. The people through regular at the president, members of Congress and state and local government officials of the election exercise of power. Elected officials and his team for the formulation of policies and laws, and is responsible for the daily operation of government."As far as I know, Social highest authority in charge of the most reliable person can only be the people themselves." - Thomas Jefferson (Thomas Jefferson), in 1820 the role of the Constitution "Constitution of the United States of America" (The US Constitution) was born in 1788, is the blueprint for the United States system of government. It provided by the three branches of government (legislative, executive and judicial), and determine their powers and working methods. "Constitution" one of the most important features is the creation of the separation of powers system of checks and balances so that one branch of government are the other two branches have some kind of binding. For example, the judicial branch of the Supreme Court by the executive branch to the President's appointment of the next legislative branch must also be approved by the Senate. Similarly, the Supreme Court to overturn enacted by Congress and the president signed the law. Such checks and balances between the government of any one sector can not be absolute power.Since the Government can only exercise its "constitution" under the specific powers, "constitution" for the people's rights and powers provided an important protection. Collectively, the "bill of rights" (Bill of Rights) of the "constitution" before the 10 amendments to protect all Americans the right to freedom, including freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion, free from unwarranted searches, as well as the right to trial by jury And so on."Constitution" as the fundamental law countries, governments at all levels of the legislative and executive powers are binding. Whether any laws or legal provisions, as long as the court decision was contrary to the "Constitution" and will fail. In this respect the Supreme Court has the final say. "Constitution" must be amended by the Senate and House of Representatives two-thirds of Members, and with more than three-quarters of the state's approval to set up. This process very difficult, since the "constitution" was born, there have been only 27 amendments passed, 1800 has only adopted 16 amendments also included.Federal, state and local government relationship between the"Constitution" is not only determined the structure and powers of the federal government, but also to the basic provisions of the state government. At the same time, all states have the state constitution, against the state constitution contains provisions within the local government. Local government refers to cities, counties, towns or school district and special district government. Local governments responsible for the management of local natural resources or transport system.The federal government the powers and duties ranging from "America the Constitution" limit. Belongs to the federal government's powers include: interstate trade, defense, Mint, immigration andnaturalization, and signed treaties with foreign countries.However, as time development, the "constitution" be in line with the changing times and explained that the federal government's power also will be changed. By the federal government and state government to develop some funding from federal, state laws and the implementation of the project. Such areas of cooperation include: education, social welfare, housing subsidies and nutrition, homeland security, traffic and emergency operations. These projects subject to the federal operation.Such cooperation so that the federal government has an impact on the ability of the state government. For example, in the 1970s, the federal government hoped that by reducing the highway speed limit on the maximum to reduce energy consumption. However, the federal government is not through direct legislation to achieve this goal, but that the non-state automatically reduce the speed of the state, will not be provided by the Federal Highway project funds. In addition, in many cases, the state government to obtain federal funding for its highway projects must also provide some funding.The local government structure and powers established by the state constitution. As the provisions of the state government may not be inconsistent with federal law, local governments by the state constitution and legal constraints.MediaIn the United States, the media is in private hands, not subject to government review. Independent newspapers, magazines, television, radio and other forms of media in the United States have a profound traditional, they published all kinds of criticism and support the government policy point of view.The media of public policy at least three important effects. First, in a wide range of policy makers always under the supervision of the news media. Government officials know that their words and deeds almost - even in private - could open by the media, they are not willing to take the public should not be decisions or actions.Second, the facts reported by the media and independent analysis of public policy to allow the public informed.Third, the media for publication and broadcasting sector (including readers and listeners) to provide a comment, then the forum can influence others, for example, many large newspapers published with the support of a candidate to run for office in an editorial or a policy of contributing褒贬The article.Three of the role of the media - will be government officials of exposure to the public informed and strive to support a particular candidate or policy - the public can have a direct impact on decision-making, can also be created based on public opinion in the decision-making indirectly Impact.。

英国美国政治制度英语作文

英国美国政治制度英语作文The political systems of the United Kingdom and the United States,though both democratic in nature, differ significantly in their structures and functions. Below is a comparative analysis of these two systems.United Kingdom Political SystemThe United Kingdom operates under a parliamentary system ofdemocracy, often referred to as the Westminster system. Key featuresinclude:1.Monarchy and the Head of State:1.The head of state is the monarch (currently King Charles III),who holds a largely ceremonial role. The monarch serves as a symbol of national unity and continuity, but holds no actual political power.2.The monarch appoints the Prime Minister, who is the headof government and leads the cabinet.2.Parliament:1.The legislative power rests with the Parliament, which isbicameral, consisting of the House of Commons and the House of Lords.1.House of Commons: The lower house, wheremembers are elected directly by the people. The government is formed by the political party or coalition that has the majority of seats.2.House of Lords: The upper house, which includeshereditary peers, life peers, and appointed members. Its powers are limited and cannot block legislation passed by the House of Commons.2.The government is accountable to Parliament and can beremoved through a vote of no confidence.3.Executive:1.The Prime Minister, appointed by the monarch, leads thecabinet, which comprises the most senior ministers in charge of various government departments.2.The cabinet is collectively responsible to Parliament for thegovernment's policies and actions.4.Judiciary:1.The judiciary is independent of the government and ensuresthe rule of law. Judges are appointed by the monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister.United States Political SystemThe United States operates under a presidential system of democracy,with the Constitution as its fundamental law. Key features include:1.President as Head of State and Head of Government:1.The President is both the head of state and the head ofgovernment, elected by the people for a four-year term.2.The President is responsible for executing the laws,commanding the military, and appointing officials, including judges.2.Congress:1.The legislative power rests with the Congress, which isbicameral, comprising the House of Representatives and the Senate.1.House of Representatives: Members are electedbased on population, with each state having a number of representatives proportional to its population.2.Senate: Each state has two senators, regardless ofpopulation, ensuring equal representation among states.2.Both chambers have equal powers, and legislation must bepassed by both to become law.3.Judiciary:1.The judiciary is headed by the Supreme Court, which has thefinal say on the constitutionality of laws. Judges are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate.4.Checks and Balances:1.The system incorporates checks and balances to prevent theconcentration of power in any one branch of government. For example, the President can veto legislation, but Congress can override the veto witha two-thirds majority in both chambers.Comparison•Head of State and Government: In the UK, the monarch is the head of state, while the Prime Minister is the head of government. In the US, the President serves as both.•Legislative Process: The UK has a unicameral system (de facto, as the House of Lords' powers are limited) for legislation, while the US has a bicameral system.•Judicial Independence: Both systems have independent judiciaries, but the appointment process differs.•Checks and Balances: The US system incorporates explicit checks and balances, while the UK's system relies more on conventions and parliamentary procedures.In summary, while both the UK and the US have democratic politicalsystems, they differ significantly in their structures, functions, and the roles of their respective leaders and institutions.。

高中英语精华双语文章美国政体--两制素材

高中精华双语文章：美国政体--两制美国政治体制是两制的典型范例。

在美国社会里，民主和共和是最大和最有竞争力的组织。

两制坚实地扎根于美国政治中，这种制度自动的产生了多数。

由于派的分歧不是根本的，即使在两个控制不同部门时，政府工作仍然能够进行。

The American Political System--Two Party System美国政体--两制No one now living in the United States can remember when the contest began between the Democratic and the Republican parties. It has been going on for more than a century, making it one of the oldest political rivalries in the world.现在生活在美国的人没人能记起民主和共和之间的竞争是什么时候开始的。

这种竞争进行了一个多世纪，是世界上最早的政治竞争之一。

The American political system is a classical example of the two-party system. When we say that we have a two-party system in the United States we do not mean that we have only two parties. Usually about a dozen parties nominate presidential candidates. We call it a two-party system because we have two large parties and a number of small parties, and the large parties are so large that we often forget about the rest. Usually the small parties collectively poll less than 5 per cent of the vote cast in national elections.美国的政治体制是两制的典型范例。

英美政治对比英文作文

英美政治对比英文作文英文：When comparing the political systems of the United States and the United Kingdom, there are several key differences that stand out. First and foremost, the United States operates under a presidential system, while the United Kingdom operates under a parliamentary system. This means that in the United States, the president is both the head of state and the head of government, while in the United Kingdom, the monarch is the head of state and the prime minister is the head of government.Another key difference between the two systems is the way in which the legislative branch operates. In the United States, there are two separate chambers of Congress – the House of Representatives and the Senate – while in the United Kingdom, there is only one chamber of Parliament. Additionally, the United States has a system of checks and balances, meaning that each branch of government has theability to limit the power of the other branches. This is not the case in the United Kingdom, where the executive branch – headed by the prime minister – has more power over the legislative branch.In terms of political parties, both the United States and the United Kingdom have two major parties – the Democrats and Republicans in the United States, and the Conservatives and Labour in the United Kingdom. However, the political landscape in the United Kingdom is more diverse, with several smaller parties – such as theLiberal Democrats and the Scottish National Party – also holding significant power.Overall, while there are certainly similarities between the political systems of the United States and the United Kingdom, there are also several key differences that set them apart.中文：当比较美国和英国的政治制度时，有几个关键的不同之处。

美国政治相关知识英语作文

美国政治相关知识英语作文American Politics: Understanding the Complexities。

The United States of America is a country that is known for its democracy and political system. However, the American political system is complex and can be difficult to understand. In this essay, we will explore the intricacies of American politics and the key players involved.The American political system is a federal system, which means that power is divided between the national government and the state governments. The national government is divided into three branches: the legislative branch, the executive branch, and the judicial branch. The legislative branch is responsible for making laws, the executive branch is responsible for enforcing laws, and the judicial branch is responsible for interpreting laws.The legislative branch is made up of two chambers: theHouse of Representatives and the Senate. The House of Representatives has 435 members, and each member represents a congressional district. The Senate has 100 members, with each state having two senators. The legislative branch is responsible for passing bills, which are then sent to the president for approval.The executive branch is headed by the president, who is elected every four years. The president is responsible for enforcing laws and serving as the commander-in-chief of the military. The executive branch also includes the vice president and the cabinet, which is made up of the heads of various government departments.The judicial branch is headed by the Supreme Court, which is made up of nine justices. The Supreme Court is responsible for interpreting the Constitution and ensuring that laws are constitutional.In addition to the federal government, each state has its own government, which is responsible for governing within its borders. The state government is also dividedinto three branches: the legislative branch, the executive branch, and the judicial branch.The American political system is also characterized by a two-party system, with the Democratic Party and the Republican Party dominating national politics. However, there are also third-party candidates who run for office, although they rarely win.One of the key players in American politics is the media. The media plays a crucial role in shaping public opinion and influencing political outcomes. The media also serves as a watchdog, holding politicians accountable for their actions.Interest groups are another important player in American politics. Interest groups are organizations that advocate for specific issues or causes. They can be powerful influencers in the political process, using their resources and influence to shape policy.In conclusion, American politics is a complex systemthat involves multiple levels of government, three branches of government at the federal and state levels, and a two-party system. The media and interest groups also play important roles in shaping political outcomes. Understanding these complexities is essential for anyone who wants to participate in American politics or simply wants to be an informed citizen.。

美国政治英语作文

The United States is a country with a rich history and a complex political system. Heres a detailed essay on the topic of American politics,which explores the structure, key players,and some of the challenges faced by the political system.The Complex Landscape of American PoliticsThe United States of America is a federal republic,with a political system that is both intricate and influential on a global scale.The U.S.political system is based on the Constitution,which was adopted in1787and has been amended27times to adapt to the changing needs of the nation.The Three Branches of GovernmentThe American political system is divided into three branches:the executive,the legislative,and the judicial.This separation of powers is designed to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful and to ensure a system of checks and balances.1.Executive Branch:The President of the United States is the head of the executive branch and the highest elected official in the country.The President is responsible for enforcing laws,representing the nation in foreign affairs,and serving as the commanderinchief of the armed forces.The President is elected every four years and can serve a maximum of two terms.2.Legislative Branch:The legislative branch is composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives,collectively known as the Congress.The Senate is made up of100 members,with two senators from each state,while the House of Representatives has435 members,with the number of representatives from each state based on its population.The legislative branch is responsible for making laws,raising revenue,and regulating commerce.3.Judicial Branch:The judicial branch is headed by the Supreme Court of the United States,which is the highest court in the land.The Supreme Court interprets the Constitution and federal laws,and its decisions set legal precedents that lower courts must follow.The President appoints justices to the Supreme Court,and they serve for life or until they choose to retire.Political PartiesThe two major political parties in the United States are the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.These parties have different ideologies and policy positions,which shape the political discourse and the legislative agenda.Democratic Party:Generally associated with progressive policies,the Democratic Party tends to support social justice,environmental protection,and economic equality. Democrats often advocate for policies such as universal healthcare,stronger gun control, and comprehensive immigration reform.Republican Party:The Republican Party is often associated with conservative values and policies.Republicans typically support limited government intervention,lower taxes,and a strong national defense.They also tend to oppose policies that they perceive as infringing on individual liberties,such as certain environmental regulations and social welfare programs.Challenges in American PoliticsDespite its robust system of governance,American politics faces several challenges:Polarization:The increasing divide between the two major political parties has led to a more polarized political climate,where compromise and bipartisanship are often difficult to achieve.Gerrymandering:The practice of drawing electoral district boundaries to favor one party over another has contributed to the polarization and has been criticized for undermining the democratic process.Campaign Financing:The influence of money in politics,particularly in the form of campaign contributions and lobbying,has raised concerns about the integrity of the political system and the influence of special interests.Voter Suppression:Efforts to restrict voting rights,such as strict voter ID laws and the purging of voter rolls,have been criticized for disproportionately affecting minority communities and undermining the right to vote.ConclusionThe American political system,while foundational to the nations identity and global influence,is not without its flaws.It is a dynamic and evolving entity that continues to shape and be shaped by the diverse population it represents.Understanding thecomplexities of American politics is crucial for anyone seeking to engage with or influence the political landscape in the United States.。

美国政治英文版

• More disposed to search out a method of living with Russia and China and to look for reduction in arms spending.
• The Republican Party—conservative; • Favor an economic system—giving enterprises a greater freedom and demand the government to control inflation; • Stress the need for law and order; • Oppose complete governmental social programs and free choice of abortion; • Favor a strong military posture and assertive stands in international relations.
Representatives (congressman)
435 seats totally, they are divided among states according to their population 2 years
Hale Waihona Puke The SenateSenators
100 in total and each state has 2 seats 6 years ( 1/3 of them are re-elected every 2 years
16 departments
Members are appointed by president with the approval of the Senate..

英国美国政治制度英语作文

英国美国政治制度英语作文回答1:英文回答：The political systems of the United Kingdom and the United States differ in many ways. The UK has a parliamentary system, with the monarch as the symbolic head of state and the Prime Minister as the head of government. The US has a presidential system, with the President as both the head of state and the head of government.In the UK, the government is formed by the political party that has the majority in the House of Commons. The Prime Minister is appointed by the monarch and is responsible to Parliament. The government is accountable to Parliament and can be removed by a vote of no confidence. The House of Lords is the upper chamber of Parliament, but it has limited powers and cannot block legislation passed by the House of Commons.In the US, the President is elected by the people and serves a four-year term. The President is both the head of state and the head of government, and is responsible to the people. ThePresident is assisted by a Cabinet, which is made up of the heads of various government departments. The US Congress is the legislative branch of government, with the House of Representatives and the Senate as its two chambers. Both chambers have equal powers, and legislation must be passed by both in order to become law.Another significant difference between the two systems is the role of the judiciary. In the UK, judges are appointed by the monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister. In the US, judges are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. The US Supreme Court is the highest court in the land, and has the power to strike down laws that are deemed unconstitutional.Overall, while both the UK and the US have democratic political systems, they differ in terms of the roles of the head of state, the head of government, and the legislative and judicial branches of government.中文回答：英国和美国的政治制度在许多方面都存在差异。

美国政体

The Republican Party(共和党 which is 共和党), 共和党 believed to be more conservative and the symbol of which is the elephant. （Republicans place more emphasis on private enterprise and often accuse the Democrats of making the government too expensive and of creating too many laws that harm individual initiative.））
3. The judicial branch(司法 is headed by 司法) 司法 the Supreme Court (最高法院 with a 最高法院) 最高法院 chief justice and 8 associate justices. The Federal courts have jurisdiction over cases arising out of the Constitution and other cases which do not arise out of individual states. The Supreme Court has the judicial review power(复查权), the power determining whether congressional legislation or executive action violates the Constitution.
• A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constituent parts, with some rights reserved to each. • To protect citizens from tyranny, a “Bill of Rights” was added to the Constitution in 1791.

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