2020届中考英语动词不定式考点梳理

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初中英语知识点归纳动词不定式的基本用法

初中英语知识点归纳动词不定式的基本用法动词不定式是英语中的一种非谓语动词形式，通常由动词原形加上to 构成。

它具有名词、形容词和副词的性质，可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语和补语等成分。

本文将对动词不定式的基本用法进行归纳总结。

一、动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，常常位于句首，具有强调的作用。

常见的句型有：1. To learn English well is my goal.学好英语是我的目标。

2. To drink eight glasses of water a day is beneficial to our health.每天喝八杯水对我们的健康有益。

二、动词不定式作宾语动词不定式可以作及物动词的宾语，常常跟在动词后面。

常见的动词有：1. want, hope, expect, plan, decide, promise, agree 等。

例如：I want to go to the park this weekend.我想这个周末去公园。

2. advise, encourage, allow, enable, force, teach 等。

例如：His teacher encourages him to learn new words every day.他的老师鼓励他每天学习新单词。

三、动词不定式作表语动词不定式可以作表语，说明主语的身份、职业、愿望等。

常见的句型有：1. His dream is to become a doctor.他的梦想是成为一名医生。

2. Our aim is to win the game.我们的目标是赢得比赛。

四、动词不定式作补语动词不定式可以作及物动词的宾语补语和形容词的补足语。

常见的动词有：1. make, let, see, hear, watch, feel, notice, observe 等。

例如：She made her son do his homework.她让她的儿子做作业。

初三英语动词不定式知识精讲

初三英语动词不定式【本讲主要内容】动词不定式【知识总结归纳】-.构成：to +动词原形二.特征：1.不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时也保留动词的特征，它有自己的宾语和状语，来构成不定式短语。

eg .1want to go there by bike .2.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，但有时态的变化。

（1）动词不定式的一般式：“to +动词原形”eg .I am glad to meet you again. I want to go to the concert.（2）动词不定式的完成式：“to have +动词的过去分词”。

eg .I am sorry to have kept you waiting for a 10ng time.二.用法：1.作主语（如果不定式短语过长，可以把此短语放在句尾，主语的位置可以用it来替换，叫做形式主语）eg .\ To go surfing is exciting .I It is exciting to go surfing .To set up the new building will take them a year and a half .It will take them a year and a half to set up the new building .To learn all the subjects well is important.It is important to learn all the subjects well.▲在it作形式主语的句子中，某些形容词之后，不定式之前常带有for sb，这类形容词有：easy， difficult， hard， interesting， necessary 等。

而在某些形容词之后，不定式之前常带有 of sb，这类形容词有：nice，good，kind，clever，foolish，careful，polite 等。

2020届全国地区中考英语专项之不定式与现在分词作宾语补足语的用法

2020届全国地区中考英语专项之不定式与现在分词作宾语补足语的用法一、不定式和其短语做宾语补足语不定式和其短语做宾语补足语，要紧强调动作的全过程或一次性的动作。

例如：a. I asked him to come here.b. Did you see anyone come into the room?c. I think him to be a good teacher.d. Please tell her to wait for me at the school gate.能用不定式或不定式短语作宾语补足语动词两种情形，一种是接带to不定式作宾语补足语的动词，一种是接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词。

1．常见的接带to的定式作宾语补足语的动词：tell, ask, want, teach, allow, drive, expect, invite, love, hate, like, prefer, would like等。

其否定形式在不定式前加not。

例如：a. My mother often tells me to study hard at school.b. Mr. Zhang asked us not to play too many computer games at home.c. I want you to teach me how to use a computer.2．常见的接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词要紧是一些表示感受的动词和表示〝使〞、〝让〞的动词，表示情况全过程或一次性动作。

它们要紧有：一感：fell二听：hear, listen to三让：let, make, have四看：see, watch, notice, observe半关心: help help sb. to do / do sth.例如：a. Did you hear me sing a song last night?b. I saw him come into the room yesterday.c. Please let me help you clean / to clean the windows.d. Oh, please don’t make the baby cry again.注意：含不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的句子变成被动语态时，要把to加上，即不可省掉to，例如：a. I heard her sing yesterday. —— She was heard to sing yesterday by me.b. He made me laugh. —— I was made to laugh by him.二、现在分词或现在分词短语作宾语补足语现在分词或现在分词短语作宾语补足语，表示宾语补足语是一个正在进行和发生的动作，具有一定的描述性。

第十二章动词不定式(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳

第十二章动词不定式思维导图知识梳理一、不定式概述动词不定式的基本形式是:“t o+动词原形”,有时可以不带to.不带to的不定式与动词原形同形,但它不是原形,而是一种语法形式.除基本助动词do和情态动词外,英语动词都有不定式形式.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语,但可以担任除谓语外的任何成分－主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语.动词不定式和它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语.不定式有时态、语态变化(以do为例):主动语态被动语态一般式to do to be done进行式to be doing -完成式to have done to have been done 完成进行式to have been doing -(一)作主语用作主语的动词不定式通常表示一种具体的、特定的行为,其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式.To obey the laws is everyone's duty.服从法律是每个人的职责.How to use the computer is a question.怎么使用计算机是一个问题.How to get there is not decided yet.怎样去那里还没决定下来.点拨(1)在很多情况下,常用it作形式主语,而把真实主语不定式放在谓语之后.It was difficult to sell my car.我的车很难卖掉.It's not known where to stay for the night.在哪里过夜还不知道.(2)如果要表示不定式的动作是谁做的,一般在不定式前加一个for短语.It will be a regret for us not to help him.我们没有帮助他是个遗憾.(3)在某些形容词(如kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, considerate, rude, naughty, impolite等)作表语时,不定式前常可加一个以of引起的短语,来说明不定式指的是谁的情况.It would be rude of us to refuse their invitation.(我们)拒绝他们的邀请,会显得无礼.(二)作表语作表语,一般紧跟在系动词,如:be, seem, get等后面,用以说明主语.The question is when to start.问题是什么时候启程.You seem to have lost weight.你好像减肥了.What we have to do first is to find a solution.我们得做的第一件事是找出一个解决办法.点拨当不定式所作的表语仅用来说明主语的内容时,这个不定式只作单纯的表语,而不具有未来的含义.(三)作宾语能以不定式作宾语的动词很多,常见的有:agree, begin, decide, expect, forget, hope, learn, like, manage, pretend, start, try, want, wish等.Do you wish to see the manager?你想见经理吗?They decided to learn English hard.他们决定好好学英语.Don't forget to meet me at 6:00.别忘了六点钟和我见面.有些动词,如:tell, advise, show, teach, know, forget, learn , remember, show,understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, decide, discuss等后面,常用带疑问词的不定式作宾语.We don't know who(whom)to ask.我们不知道问谁.We asked how to get to the station.我们问怎么到达车站.Have you decided where to go for your holidays?你们决定到哪儿度假了吗?I don't know whether to apply for the job or not?那份工作我不知道申请还是不申请?(四)作定语I have no time to waste.我没有时间可浪费.Let me find a place to park.我来找个停车的地方.He is always the first to come to work and the last to leave.他总是第一个来上班,最后一个走.点拨不定式修饰something, anything, nothing时,放在它们的后面.如果something, anything, nothing 有形容词来修饰,词序是something(nothing...)+形容词＋不定式.My father had something to do.我父亲有事要办.Have you got anything important to buy?你有什么重要的东西要买吗?(五)作状语不定式常可用作状语,修饰动词,表示行为的目的、结果、原因等.一般放在被修饰词之后,但在表示目的时,为了强调也可放在句首.1.作目的状语为加强语气在否定式前还可加上in order或so as组成词组(即:in order to...,so as to...),作状语表示目的.To live a long and healthy life, we must learn to have a balanced diet.为了能过长寿而健康的生活,我们必须懂得吃均衡的食品.I stayed there so as to see what would happen.我留在那儿,为的是想看看会发生什么事.In order to help him, we would do everything we can.为了帮助他,我们愿意尽一切力量.2.作结果状语表结果,其逻辑主语通常亦是全句的主语.在“so...as to...”“such...as to..“enough to...”“only to...”以及“too...to...”等结构中的不定式皆表示结果.She is old enough to go to school.她已到了可以上学的年龄了.He was too drunk to drive home.他酩酊大醉,没法开车回家.3.作原因状语She trembled to think of the terrible accident.想到那可怕的车祸,她就不寒而栗.We jumped with joy to hear the news.听到这消息,我们都高兴地跳了起来.(六)宾语补足语1、有很多动词的后面都可以有不定式作宾语补足语常见的这类动词有:advise, ask, tell, help, wish, want, expect, forbid, persuade, press, request, teach, warn等.She asked her grandfather to play game with her.她请爷爷跟她一起做游戏.Mother told me to cook the meal.妈妈叫我做饭.2.有一些动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to,这种动词有两类:一类是感觉动词,另一类是使役动词感觉动词:如feel, see, hear, watch, notice等.使役动词:如make, let, have等.Let me do it for you.让我来替你做.Don't let her go out.别让她出去.I made him work hard.我迫使他加劲干.(1)动词help之后,复合宾语中的不定式可带to,亦可不带to.在上述动词转换为被动结构时,其后的不定式必须带to.He was seen to enter the theatre.有人看见他走进了剧院.I was made to do my homework the whole night.我被迫整晚做作业.Can you help me (to) move this table?你能帮我移动一下这张桌子吗?(2)感官动词的宾语补足语有两种形式:不带to的不定式和动词-ing形式.I heard Meimei singing in her room when I went past.我路过的时候听见梅梅在房间里唱歌.(路过的瞬间正在唱,所以用singing)We often hear Meimei sing in her room.我们经常听见梅梅在房间里唱歌.(经常听见,用不定式)I saw him come in.I saw him coming in.两句话的意思都一样:我看见他进来.用不定式着重于动作的全过程,用动词-ing形式则是强调当时动作的进行情况.3.当谓语动词为think, make, find, consider, feel, regard等词,作宾语的不定式后面有宾语补足语时,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在补足语的后面I find it easy to learn English well.我发现要把英语学好很容易.三、不定式的主要句型及注意事项(一)不定式的否定式不定式的否定式:not+不定式,经常和ask(tell)sb. to do sth.句型连用.She asked me not to drive him to the station.她要我不要开车送他到车站.Try not to be late.争取不要迟到.Mary asked me not to give my pen to Jimmy.玛丽让我别把笔给吉米.She decided not to come here again.她决定不再到这儿来.点拨不定式的否定式和否定句的区别:I asked him not to open the door.我让他别把门打开.I didn't ask him to open the door.我没让他把门打开.(二)不定式的进行时态进行式:表示在谓语动词所表示的动作或状态发生时正在进行.It's nice to be sitting here with you.在这儿陪你坐着是非常愉快的.It is unwise for him to be talking that topic all the time.他老是谈论这件事,很不明智.(三)不定式的完成时态完成式表示在谓语动词的动作或状态发生时已经完成.She said she was sorry to have missed you.她说她没见到你很遗憾.He seemed to have visited our factory.他好像参观过我们的工厂.They appeared to have met before.他们看来以前见过面.(四)动词不定式的被动语态表示被动意义I didn't want to be told about it.我不想被告知这件事.Nothing seems to have been forgotten.似乎什么也没有被遗忘.The building is said to have been destroyed in a fire two years ago.据说这幢大楼两年前已毁于一场大火.在以某些形容词,如kind, good, silly, honest, bad, stupid, bold, clever, cruel,courteous, nice, rude, sensible, tactful, wise, wrong等作表语时,后面需用以“of+名词(或代词宾格)＋不定式”结构,以说明不定式所表示的动作的执行者是谁(即of短语是不定式的逻辑主语).It's very good of you to come.谢谢你的光临.How silly of you (it is)to make such a mistake!你出了这样的差错,多傻啊！It's very kind of you to say so.多谢你这么说.在had better, had best, would rather, would rather...than, would sooner, would sooner...than, cannot but, do nothing but等结构后面的不定式要省略“to”.You had better write it in English.你最好用英文写.I would rather stay at home.我宁愿待在家里.好题精练一、用-ing形式或不定式的适当形式完成句子1.Do you enjoy_________ football?(play)2.Fred didn't have any money, so he decided_________ a job.(take)3.We're going out for dinner, Would you like_________ us?(join)4.The teacher reminded the students_________ their test paper on time.(finish)5.When I was tired, I enjoyed_________ TV.(watch)6.It was a nice day, so the old man agreed_________ for a walk.(go)7.I'm not in a hurry, I don't mind_________.(wait)答案:1.playing2.to take3.to join4.to finish5.watching6.to go7.waiting二、选择括号内所给词组完成句子,注意括号内“go+v.-ing形式”构成固定搭配的用法(go boating; go fishing; go dancing; go running; go skating; go hunting; go singing)1.She's a good dancer. She always_________ on Saturday.2.I've got a gun. I'll_________ with that strong hunter next weekend.3.“Where is Tim?”“He has. _________ He always runs in the morning.”4.We have enough fish to eat. Our father_________ every day.答案:1.goes dancing2.go hunting3.gone running4.goes fishing三、仿照示例改写下列句子示例:It is very interesting to play baseball.→ To play baseball is very interesting.1.lt was not polite to speak that way before Mr. Lee.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _2.It can be quite easy to travel by air.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _3.lt will be no problem to arrive there before noon.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _4.To make those strangers believe us was so difficult.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _5.To help Tom speak Chinese well is not at all easy.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _答案:1.To speak that way before Mr. Lee was not polite.2.To travel by air can be quite easy.3.To arrive there before noon will be no problem.4.It was so difficult to make those strangers believe us.5.It is not at all easy to help Tom (to) speak Chinese well.四、选择填空1. _________ the bookstore, he stopped_________ a few books.A. Passing; buyingB. Passing; to buyC. To pass; buyingD. Having passed; to buy2.Bruce,look at your dirty shoes, You'd better_________ them right now.A. washedB. washingC. washD. to wash3. _________ the room, I found the computer_________.A. Entering; stealingB. Entering; stolenC. To enter; stealD. To enter; stealing4.We've worked hard for nearly one hour. Let's stop_________ a rest now.A. haveB. to haveC. havingD. have had5.My mother always tells me not_________ to the net bars(网吧)．A. goB. to goC. goesD. going6.The teacher asked us_________ English for half an hour in the morning.A. reads B reading C. to read D. read7.You will have to get up early tomorrow. Stop_________ TV, Peter.A. watchesB. watchC. to watchD. watching8.I find it hard_________ English well.A. learnB. learningC. to learnD. learns9.The teacher asked John_________ a short talk in our class meeting.A. giveB. to giveC. gaveD. giving10.The girl was too poor_________ a houseA. to buy; to live inB. to buy ;to liveC. buy; to liveD. buying; living in11.It was very late at night, but Mr. Brown still went on_________.A. works B .worked C. working D. work12.Remember_________ him about it before he goes away.A. tellB. to tellC. tellingD. to telling13.Lin Tao is strong enough_________ the big box.A. carryB. to carryC. carryingD. carries14.Her mother told her_________ in bed.A. not readB. not to readC. don't readD. to not read15.When class began, we stopped_________ to the teacher carefully.A. listeningB. listenC. listens D .to listen16.You'd better_________ the cinema by bus.A. don't goB. to goC. to go toD. go to17.What did the manager_________ you to_________ at the meeting?A. tell; sayB. ask; speakC. tell; speakD. ask; talk18.Tom was let_________ in the gate house.A. waitB. to waitC. waitingD. to have waited19.Mr.Hu has enough time_________ the job in two days.A. finishB. to finishC. finishingD. finished20.Look,the building_________ is our library.A. is repairedB. being repairedC. repairingD. to be repairing21. _________ no money, I could not buy this coat.A. HaveB. HavingC. To haveD. Have had22.The teacher has something important_________ us.A. to tellB. tellsC. tellingD. told23.Li Ming didn't know_________ next.A. to do whatB. what to doC. how to doD. what do24.I'd love_________ to your birthday party.A. comeB. cameC. to comeD. comes25.It took me two hours_________ by bus.A. to get thereB. to get to thereC. get thereD. get to there答案:1-5BCBBB 6-10CDCBA11-15CBBBD 16-20DABBB21-25 BABCA五、改正下列句子的错误1.He seems to not hear from her.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _2.I hope see you soon.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _3.I made them to give the money back.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _4.The scientist gave us some advice on how learning English.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _5.No one noticed him to leave the room.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _6.Have you given up to smoke?___________________________________________________________________________________________ _7.We found him waited at the school gate.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _8.Why not to turn off the light?___________________________________________________________________________________________ _9.She didn't want me go.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _10.I don't know to swim.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _11.China is a developed country belonging to the third world.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _12.It's getting dark. We have to find a hotel to live.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _13.He said he had an important meeting to attended.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _14.They don't allow that people smoke.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _15.It's difficult sell my car.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _答案:1.He seems not to...2.I hope to see...3.I made them give...4....how to learn...5....him leave...6....given up smoking?7...him waiting...8.Why not turn off...9.She didn't want me to go.10.I don't know how to swim.11....a developing...12....to live in13....to attend.14. ...people to smoke.15...to sell my car.。

初中英语动词不定式知识点归纳

初中英语动词不定式知识点归纳初中英语动词不定式的用法1、动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，为避免句子的头重脚轻，常用it作为形式主语，而真正的主语动词不定式后置。

如要说明动作的执行者，可在不定式前加for引导的短语；但如果表语是nice, kind, clever等描述动作执行者的性格、品质的形容词时，则应在不定式前加of引导的短语。

2、动词不定式作宾语一些动词，如want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare,等，常接动词不定式作宾语。

当动词不定式作宾语时，如果后接宾语补足语，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语之后。

应注意有些动词后面可接不定式作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，但所表达的意义不同。

3、动词不定式作定语动词不定式作后置定语时，与被修饰的名词逻辑上有动宾关系。

如果动词不定式是不及物动词时，则要带上与之搭配的介词，构成及物动词短语。

4、动词不定式作宾语补足语有些动词，如tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. to do sth.结构。

应注意动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去to，在被动语态中应加上to。

5、动词不定式作状语动词不定式作状语主要用来修饰动词，表示目的，结果或原因。

为了强调目的，有时可以把动词不定式放在句首，或在不定式前加in order或so as。

6、固定句式中动词不定式的用法在固定句式中对不定式的考察常见的有：had better (not) dosth./Would you like to do sth.?/Why not do sth.?/Would you please (not) do sth.?等。

中考英语动词不定式考点全攻略

中考英语动词不定式考点全攻略动词不定式历来是中考英语命题的热点之一。

它是动词的一种非谓语形式，没有人称和数的变化，不能单独作句子的谓语。

其构成形式为"（not）to+动词原形"。

考点攻略一：动词不定式作主语1）动词不定式直接用在主语位置：To see you is always a pleasure.2）如果主语较长，则可以用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。

① It is +形容词+(of sb.) to do sth. 此处常用careless, clever, foolish,honest, kind, nice, rude, stupid, silly, wrong, wise等形容词，与介词of搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质。

It’s brave of you to jump into the river to save the boy!②It is +名词或形容词+ (for sb.)to do sth. 此处常用necessary,hard, difficult, easy, important, impossible等形容词，与介词for搭配，表示不定式的动作或行为的性质。

It is our duty to keep our classroom clean. It is important for us to protect the environment.③It takes sb. some time to do sth.It usually takes us about two and a half hours to travel from Shanghai to Japan.考点攻略二：动词不定式作宾语其后常接不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, afford, choose, decide, expect, plan, promise, manage, hope, wish, want, seem, refuse, fail等。

人教版初中英语2020年中考英语语法考点知识复习13

2020年中考英语考点知识13非谓语动词（一）非谓语动词就是在句子中不充当谓语的动词。

它不受主语的限制，也没有像谓语动词那样的时态和语态的变化，又称为非限定动词，在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾补、定语和状语。

非谓语动词包括三种形式：不定式、动名词和分词。

动词不定式动词不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可不带to。

不定式的否定形式是not to+动词原形。

动词不定式仍然具有动词的功能，可以接宾语或状语而构成不定式短语。

例如：to beat the opponent 打败对手to put on your coat 穿上你的大衣to drive fast 快速驾车to return home 归国，回家注意：不定式之前的to(又称为小品词)与介词to功能不同。

介词to 之后要接名词或代词的宾格，或相当于名词的短语作它的宾语。

而不定式的小品词to的后面需要跟原形动词。

speak to him (to是介词)对他讲话to speak English (to是不定式的小品词)讲英语1 不定式在句子中的用法(1)不定式作名词的用法不定式起名词作用，在句子中可以充当主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语。

①不定式作主语To grow more trees here is very important.（=It is very important to grow more trees here.）在这里多种些树是非常重要的。

To think carefully before you act is necessary.（=It is necessary for you to think carefully before you act.）你须三思而后行。

To walk to school takes me twenty minutes.(=It takes me twenty minutes to walk to school.)步行到学校我要花20多分钟。

2020安徽中考英语专题复习课件动词不定式PPT下载

5. 这是一篇托物言志的铭文，本文言简义丰、讲究修辞。文章骈散结合，以骈句为主，句式整齐，节奏分明，音韵和谐。
6.了解和名著有关的作家作品及相关的诗句、名言、成语和歇后语等，能按要求向他人推介某部文学名著。
7.能够根据所提供的有关文学名著的相关语言信息推断作品的作者、作品的名称和人物形象，分析人物形象的性格和作品的思想内容并进行简要评价。
want sb to do get sb to do find sb to be would like sb to do
2020安徽中考英语专题复习课件动词不定式P PT下载
wish sb to do order sb to do like sb to do help sb (to) do
2020安徽中考英语专题复习课件动词不定式P PT下载
2020安徽中考英语专题复习课件动词不定式P PT下载
2020安徽中考英语专题复习课件动词不定式P PT下载
5.
用作表语
His work is to feed the animals.
Her job is to look after the patients.
My dream is to be a scientist.
2020安徽中考英语专题复习课件动词不定式P PT下载
2020安徽中考英语专题复习课件动词不定式P PT下载 2020安徽中考英语专题复习课件动词不定式P PT下载
2020安徽中考英语专题复习课件动词不定式P PT下载
1应该认识到，阅读是学校教育的重要组成部分，一个孩子如果在十多年的教育历程中没有养成阅读的习惯、兴趣和能力，一旦离开校园，很可能把书永远丢弃在一边，这样的结果一定是我们所有的教育工作者不想看到的。

【2020】中考英语复习资料动词不定式

7. The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldn't skate on it. (改为意思相同的句子)
The ice on the lake wasn't ______ enough ______ people ______ ______ ______. (广东省)
A. to feel B. feels C. feeling D. feel (吉林省)
3. Your father is sleeping. You'd better ______.
A. not wake up him B. not to wake up him
C. not wake him up D. not to wake him up (陕西省)
A. not be B. not to be C. to not be D. be not (湖北省)
3. There is going to ______ an important meeting tomorrow. Please try ______ late.
A. have， not to be B. have， not be
3. He is not an easy man ______.
A. get on B. to get on C. get on with D. to get on with (山东省)
Key： 1. C 2. D 3. D
[简析]不定式作定语时，常放在被修饰的词语之后，与被修饰的词语为逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系;如果不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后要加上必要的介词或副词，构成的短语动词相当于及物动词。
A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns (四川省)

中考英语动词不定式及动名词归纳总结

中考英语动词不定式及动名词归纳总结一、动词不定式的用法1、动词不定式作主语To master a language is not an easy thing. 掌握一门语言不是一件容易的事情.To teach English is my favorite. 教英语是我的爱好.It's my pleasure to help you. 很乐意帮助你.动词不定式作主语时可以放在后面,而用it 作形式主语放在原主语的位置上.It's very kind of you to have given us much help. 你给了我们那么多的帮助真是太好了.It's necessary to find the witness. 有必要找到目击者.Itrs difficult for him to learn English well. 他学好英语很困难.注意:It is adj. of sb. to do sth.是someone is adj. to do sth. 的强调式.即把形容词提到句子的强调地位.这时句中sb.即是形容词的逻辑主语,又是不定式的逻辑主语.It is 形容词for sb. to do sth.中的sb.只能作不定式的逻辑主语.也就是说,sb.既是形容词的逻辑主语,又是不定式的逻辑主语时sb.前面用of,如果sb.只能作不定式的逻辑主语时,sb.前面用for.如:It is very important for you to master a foreign language.你们掌握一门外语是非常重要的.句中的you就只能作不定式的逻辑主语.It is very brave of you to have done it for the soldier.你真勇敢,为士兵做了这件事情. 句中的you是形容词和不定式的共同主语. 用于这一句型的形容词中学课本中出现的还有:careful,careless,clever,courageous,foolish,good,honest, nice, polite, right,silly,wise,wrong,grateful,naughty等.注意:此类形容词绝大多数是说明某人品质、特性或行为方式的主动形容词.2、动词不定式作宾语接动词不定式作宾语的动词有: decide, desire, expect, hope, mean, pretend, promise, refuse, undertake, want, wish, agree, manage等.我们可用这样一个虚构词"merdowphfla",其汉语谐音为"磨豆腐喽" 帮助归纳记忆.每一个字母代表一个英语单词.m-mean(打算),manage(设法);e-expect(期盼);r-refuse(拒绝);d-dare(敢),desire(渴望), determine(决心),decide(决定),demand(要求);o-offer(企图);w-want(想要),wish(希望);p-promise(答应),pretend(假装),plan(计划);h-hope; fail(失败),l-long(渴望),learn(学习); a-ask(要求), arrange(安排).例如:I have decided to be a good teacher. 我决定要当一位好教师.He refused to come to the party. 他不肯来出席这个晚会.That stranger asked to see the manager. 那位陌生人要求见经理.I fear to offend him. 我怕得罪他.I donrt care to see him again. 我不愿再见到他.Werve arranged to drop by at six orclock.. 我们已经安排在六点钟访问.He failed to follow the instructions. 他没有按照说明书来做.The girl had no choice but to cry. 那女孩除了哭以外,就没有别的选择.注意:①在canrt help but, canrt choose but, canrt but,had better, would rather, rather than 和dohhbut/except/besides 结构中,后面的动词不定式符号"to",replica chanel watches;常常省略.例如:Mr. Cheng couldnrt help but leave. 程老师只好离开.I could do other things besides play football after school. 放学后,我除了踢足球还可以做其它事情.The boy can do everything but speak. 那男孩什么都能做,除了说话.You had better leave here for the moment.你最好暂时离开这儿.I would rather stay at home on Sunday 星期天我宁愿呆在家里.He prefers to work on the farm rather than do his homework at home.他宁愿在农场干活也不愿意在家做作业.②动词不定式作宾语,后面又有宾语补足语时,常用it 作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语不定式放在后面.例如:We found it difficult to learn a foreign language. 我们发现学习外语很困难.I think it wrong to come late for class.我认为上课迟到是不对的.③teach, decide, wonder, show, learn, forget, ask, find out, advise, discuss等动词后面可以接what, which, when, where, how, whether 等不定式.例如:He teaches us how to learn English well.他教我们怎样学习好英语.We discussed where to buy the computer.我们讨论了哪里能买这种电脑.He didnrt tell us when to start out. 他没有告诉我们何时出发.④在同一句或联系紧密的对话中,为了避免重复,作宾语、补语的动词不定式再次出现时,to后面的内容常常承前省略(to留下),但如果有助动词have 或be 的任何形式,应该保留原形be或have.例如:mWhord like to go with me? mIrd like to.m谁想跟我一起去?m我.China is not what it used to be.中国已经不过去的中国了.mYou are late. You ought to have come five minutes ago.你迟到了.你应该五分钟以前到.mI know I ought to have.我知道我应该.3、动词不定式作宾语补语例如:We expect you to be with us. 我们希望你和我们在一起.Please ask him to come here quickly. 请叫他快过来.注意:接动词不定式作宾语补足语的情况.①主语ask/ require/ tell/ order/ force/ get/ want/ like/ expect/ advise/ allow/ permit/ forbid sb to do sth.He asked me to work hard for the people.他要求我们为人民努力学习.She tells us not to come late. 她叫我们不要迟到.②主语think/judge/suppose/believe/consider/feel sb to behI think him to be honest. 我认为他诚实.I believe her to be a good student. 我相信她是个好学生.主语think/judge/suppose/believe/consider/feel sb to have donehWe considered him to have been to the U.S.我们认为他去过美国.He is considered to have been to Beijing. 有人认为他去过北京.③主语hear(listen to, see, watch, notice, observe, look at, feel, have, let , make)sb do h即hear, listen to, see, watch, notice, observe, look at, feel, have, let , make 后面接动词不定时作宾语补足语不带to.例如:I saw him go out just now. 我刚才看见她出去了.He made us do a lot of homework.他让我们做很多作业.这些动词可以用下面口诀帮助记忆.不定式作宾补何时不带to?下面口诀给予帮助.二听、五看、一感觉,使役动词有三个,help可带,可不带(to) ,所以把它排在外.二听:hear, listen to五看:see, watch, notice, observe, look at一感觉:feel三个使役动词:have, let, make例如:She felt somebody touch her hair.She let me read her diary.I made him tell the truth.Did you hear him say that yourself?We have to help them (to) clean the town.注意:变为被动语态时要加to.He was made to tell the truth.④主语call on/ depend on/ wait for/ ask for sb to do sth.例如:He called on us to learn from Lei Feng.他号召我们向雷锋学习.He depends on his parents to give him food and clothing.他依靠父母提供吃穿.4、动词不定式作表语What I should do is to finish the task soon. 我应该做的是赶快完成任务.The most urgent thing is to find the boy immediately. 当务之急是马上去找孩子.注意:①不定式作表语,其主语通常是job, work,wish, hope, thought, idea, way, method, aim, duty, intention, purpose, suggestion 等.②主语和表语同为不定式,其含义往往一个是条件,另一个是结果.Not to grasp firmly is not to grasp at all. 抓而不紧等于不抓.What I wish is to learn English well. 我所希望的是把英语学好.To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见.③不定式结构作表语时,通常带to,但是当主语部分有一个动作动词do时(这个do 可以是限定动词形式,也可以是非限定动词形式,而且不论是什么时、体形式均可),用作表语的动词不定式中的to可以省略.例如:What we need to do is (to) reduce our use of energy and use natural forms of energy which are free and which will last for ever. 我们要做的是减少能源的消耗和利用各种天然能源.天然能源是即不花钱,又取之不尽,用之不竭的.All I did is (to) empty the battle. 我只需倒空瓶子.What he has done is (to) serve the people. 他做的事就是救人.All we have to do is (to) push the button. 我们只需要按一下按钮.5、动词不定式作定语There are many ways to solve the problem. 有许多方法能解决这个问题.I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事情要告诉你.注意:①下面词语chance, wish, courage, need, promise, time, opportunity, way, the first, the secod, the last, the only one 等常常接动词不定式作定语.例如:He is always the first to arrive and the last to leave.他总是第一个到达,最后一个离开.There is no need to ask him the question.没有必要问他这个问题.②不定式与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上是主谓关系.There is no one to look after her.没有人照顾他.He needs a person to talk with him.他需要一人和他谈话.③不定式与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上是动宾关系.She s looking for a room to live in.她再找房子住.He has a lot of work to do today.他今天有很多工作要做.6、不定式作状语不定式作状语可以作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语、方式状语、表程度状语. English is difficult to learn.英语很难学习.The problem is easy to deal with.这问题很好处理.Itrs too dark for us to see anything. 太黑我看不见东西.The question is simple for him to answer. 问题简单要他回答不值得.We went to the hospital to see our teacher. 我们去医院看了我们的老师.She is making a test to get a kind of useful medicine from a Tibet flower.她在做试验,google,从一种西藏花中提取某种有用的药物.①不定式作目的状语可以用in order to或so as to 表示,但so as to 不能放在句首. 例如:In order to go to key university, he studies hard.为了上重点大学,他学习很用功.He sat in the front in order to/so as to see more clearly.=He sat in the front so that/in order that he could see more clearly. 为了看得更清楚,他坐在前排.(目的)He went to a big city in order to/ so as to find a good job.=He went to a big city so that/in order that he could find a good job. 为了找一个好工作,她去了大城市.(目的)②动词不定式作结果状语常常可以用以下结构.so as to;so adj/adv as to doh 如此hh以致;enough to do h足够做hh;too adj /adv to doh太hh而不能hh;suchhas to doh如此hh以致例如:He sat in the front so as to see more clearly.=He sat in the front so that he saw more clearly. 他坐在前排,结果看得更清楚.(结果)She got up early so as to catch the first train.=She got up so early that she caught the first train. 他起床很早结果赶上了早班车.(结果)He was so kind as to give me a lot of help.他很善良结果帮了我很多忙.The boy is old enough to join the army.那孩子达到了参军的年龄.He is too young to go to school.他还不到上学的年龄.He is such a good man as to help the old woman get off the bus.他就是这样一个好人扶老人下汽车.③动词不定式作结果状语表示一种出乎意料的结果常常用only to do 结构.例如:He hurried to the station only to find the train had left.他匆匆赶到车站,chanel watches prices,结果发现火车已经走了.We waited for two hours, only to be told to come the next day.我们等了两个小时,结果告诉我们次日再来.He arrived late only to find the train gone.I visited him only to find him out.二、动名词的用法动名词是由动词原形ing 构成,形式同现在分词形式一样,其否定形式是not 动词原形ing.1、动名词作主语:Talking like that is not polite. 那样谈话不礼貌.Learning from others is important. 向别人学习很重要.Putting on more clothes is not so good . 多穿衣服不一定好.动名词作主语通常用一般式,可以像动词不定式一样,用it 先行词代替,而把动名词写在后面.It's no use waiting here, let's go home. 在这儿等着也没用,我们回家吧.It's very difficult climbing this mountain. 爬这座山很困难.2、动名词作表语The nurse's job is looking after the patients. 护士的工作是护理病人.Seeing is believing. 眼见为实.3、动名词作定语She is studying in the reading room. 她在阅览室学习.He slept in the sleeping bag. 他在睡袋里睡觉.4、动名词作宾语Please stop smoking in the house. 请不要在家里抽烟.I like reading in the forest. 我喜欢在树林里读书.Do you mind my opening the windows? 你介意我打开窗户吗?She is found of collecting stamp. 她喜欢集邮.下列动词接动名词:avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, forgive, finish, imagine, keep,mind, miss, pardon, prevent, resist, suggest, stand, understand, can't help, 等.我们可用这样一个虚构词"madpsfameicarfe",其汉语谐音为"卖的不是发霉咖啡"帮助归纳记忆.每一个字母代表一个英语单词.m-mind(介意), a-avoid(避免), d-delay(推迟), p-practise(练习),s-suggest(建议), s-stand(忍受),s-stop(停止),f-finish(完成),f-forgive(原谅) ,a-advise(建议), m-miss(错过), e-escape(逃脱),i-imagine(设想),c-canrt help(禁不住), a-admit(承认), r-risk(冒险), f-fancy(认为,想象),e-enjoy(喜爱).b.下列短语动词接动名词be fond of, be good at, be worth, devote to, feel like, get used to, give up, have difficulty, insist on,look forward to, pay attention to, put off, refer to等.He is fond of playing basketball.他喜欢打篮球.I have difficulty learning English.我学习英语有困难.c.介词后面接动名词What about going to the cinema? 去看电影怎么样?On seeing his teacher, he jumped off his bike. 他一看见老师就下自行车..几个特殊情况:1) 有些动词的后面既能跟动名词又能跟不定式,区别不大.他们是: begin, start, continue. Like, love, dislike, hate, prefer 等.He began to learn English at the age of five.He began learning English at the age of five.他五岁开始学习英语.注意:(1)begin, start 本身是进行式、后面的动词是see, understand, realize 等后面跟动词不定式. 表示习惯的, 一般性的多接动名词,表示某一特定的或具体的行动,多接动词不定式.He is beginning to give class.他就要上课了.He began to realize he was wrong.他开始意... 相关的主题文章。

初中英语中考语法专题精准复习动词不定式知识点整理总结

初中英语中考语法专题精准复习动词不定式知识点整理总结[全国通用]动词不定式(台版叫不定词)是非限定动词,不受主词的人称和数的限制, 一般由t o+原形动词构成, 有时可不带t o 或不可带t o。

动词不定式的“不定”主要体现在“身份”不定，也就意味着它在句子中所充当的成分不定。

1、动词不定式可以充当哪些成分01名词可以代替名词属性，所以也就可以充当主语，宾语，表语和补语。

例如：(1)To buy things in this market must be fun. - 在这个商场买东西一定很有趣。

注：这句话里主语是“To buy things in this market - 在这个商场买东西”动名词V+ing也可以做名词，例如上句可以写成：Buying things in this market must be fun.(2)To travel / Traveling around the world is fun. - 环游世界很有趣。

(这句话里同样是动词不定式/动名词做主语)(3)To answer / answering the question is difficult to me. - 回答这个问题对我来说是困难的。

(这里的主语是”To answer the question - 回答这个问题“)(4)To solve pollution problems is hard for people. - 对人们来说解决污染问题是很困难的。

注：(1)前面讲代词的时候，讲过it的用法，可以用作假主语，避免头重脚轻的句子结构.基本结构为：It is 形容词(修饰物) for 人to v+~/It is 形容词(形容词) of 人to v+~例如：上句可以写为：It is is hard for people to solve pollution problems.(2)question是单纯的问题，而problem是某种”麻烦“，”困难“等。

动词不定式知识点详解(初中英语专项复习)5

动词不定式知识点详解（初中英语专项复习）考向一动词不定式的结构和句法功能动词不定式的结构动词不定时的构成：不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可以不用to，这里的to 是不定式符号，本身无词义，动词不定式的否定形式是not+（to+）动词原形。

肯定式：to + 动词原形It’s nice to meet you.(2)否定式：not to + 动词原形He told me not to leave this room(to是不定式符号，无意义，有时可以不带)动词不定式的句法功能不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末其结构为：①It is +adj.+for/of sb.+(not)to do sth.意为＂做某事对某人来说是……＂。

①It takes sb.+some time+to do sth.意为＂做某事花费某人多长时间＂如：To learn English well is useful.→ It is useful to learn English well.It’s important for us to protect the environment.注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。

如：It's very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。

不定式作宾语有些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如：would like, like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect等。

如：Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看电影吗？①在find, think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在后面。

如：I find it easy to read English every day.3.不定式作宾语补足语tell, ask, want, allow, warn, advise, invite, get, encourage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。

中考英语动词不定式语法整理

中考英语动词不定式语法整理中考在即，紧张难免;适量放松，方为上策;书本暂放，好好休息;临阵磨枪，效果甚微;心态良好，至关重要;平常心待，万事皆宜。

祝初三学子金榜提名，马到成功!下面是小编给大家带来的中考英语动词不定式语法，欢迎大家阅读参考，我们一起来看看吧!初中英语语法大全：动词不定式作宾语不定式作宾语1) 动词+ 不定式afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake 举例：The driver failed to see the other car in time.司机没能及时看见另一辆车。

I happen to know the answer to your question.我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。

2)动词+不定式 ; 动词+宾语+不定式ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish…I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。

I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁。

I want to speak to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。

I want you to speak to Tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。

中考英语语法复习—动词的不定式、v-ing用法总结

中考复习——动词不定式to do 与动名词doing 的用法知识集锦一、动词的不定式①不定式有标记，to与动词连一起。

②没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。

③主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以。

④not 加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。

⑤疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。

⑥仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据。

解析：①“to+动词原形”是它的基本构成形式，即不定式的标记。

②它没有人称和数的变化，不管主语是任何人称，单数还是复数，动词不定式都没有变化。

但它仍保留动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语或状语。

③它具有名词、形容词和副词三大特点，所以，它在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语和宾补。

④“not +动词不定式”是它的否定形式，不要受其他否定式的影响，要记住规律。

⑤疑问代词what, who, whom, which和疑问副词where, when, why , how加上不定式在句中可以做主语，宾语、表语、状语。

⑥通过以上分析，只要仔细研究，把不定式的功能用法搞清楚，在应用时就能作出准确的判断。

1.动词不定式构成（肯定）基本形式：to+动词原形，有时不可用to，这里的to是不定式符号，本身没有词义。

例如：My mother asked me to learn English well.我妈妈让我学好英语。

2.动词不定式的构成（否定）基本形式：not+(to)+动词原形。

例如：He decided not to go home.他决定不回家。

知识点名：动词to do构成（wh-+to do）疑问代词who，what，which，疑问副词when，where，how和连词whether等后面加to do，可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。

知识点名：动词不定式构成（复合结构）☆It's+adj.+(for sb.)+to do sth.（对于某人）做某事有某种特点，表示事件对人的影响。

这一结构的形容词多用于修饰事物的性质特征，如easy, difficult, fun, boring, interesting, relaxing, fantastic等。

2020中考英语：非谓语动词的知识考点

2020中考英语：非谓语动词的知识考点中考备考的方法有哪些？下面由小编为你精心准备了“2020中考英语：非谓语动词的知识考点”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!2020中考英语：非谓语动词的知识考点一、考查不定式、现在分词与过去分词的基本区别从时间关系上看，不定式表未来，现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成，同时注意不定式和现在分词的完成式也表完成(尤其是表示有明显的先后关系的完成);从主动与被动来看，不定式和现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动，同时注意不定式和现在分词的被动式也表被动(不定式的被动式在表被动的同时还兼表未来，现在分词的被动式表被动的同时还兼表进行)。

如：1. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest _________ in a year.A. followsB. followedC. to followD. being followed【分析】答案选 C。

动词不定式表示未来的动作。

2. _________from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.A. Being separatedB. Having separatedC. Having been separatedD. To be separated【分析】答案选C。

因为Australia与separate是被动关系，且separate发生在谓语动词has之前，所以用现在分词的完成被动式作原因状语。

二、考查非谓语动词的主动式与被动式结合句子意思，考察非谓语动词与相应逻辑主语的关系，若为主动关系，用主动式;若为被动关系，用被动式。

此时要特别注意，过去分词没有相应的被动式，因为它本身可以表示被动。