unit12 Agents of Power in Translation
新世纪英语专业综合教程(第二版)第4册Unit12(试用版)
A CASE OF “SEVERE BIAS” A CASE OF “SEVERE BIAS”
Audiovisual supplement
Cultural information
Watch the movie clip and answer the following questions.
Audiovisual supplement
Cultural information
3. Comments
The best guarantee of durable, amicable race relations in America is the continued growth of a strong, self-confident black middle class. — The Times
There is little doubt that middle-class black America is 30－40 years ahead of us back in Blighty (a slang referring to Britain). — The Guardian
Structural analysis
Audiovisual supplement
Cultural information
2. Challenges facing the black middle class Downward mobility: 45% of children from a black middle class family end up “near poor”, while 16% of children from a white middle class family end up “near poor”. Financial crisis: 33% of the black middle class was in danger of falling out of the middle class at the start of the recession.
Unit 12 翻译中视角的转移
否定句式汉译英中的 常见错误及分析 上外网
翻译技巧总结篇！！点击看看？
常用翻译技巧
See you!!
4. 谅你不敢再这么干。 Do that again if you dare. 5.你借钱给那个无赖，不啻把钱丢海里。 You might as well throw your money into the sea as lend it to that rascal. 6. 自然界中的作用力，必定要牵涉到两 个或两个以上的物体。 There is never a force acting in nature unless two or more bodies are involved.
4. 欲速则不达。 More haste, less speed. Haste makes waste. Haste brings no success.
副词或副词短语： little, otherwise, too…to.. etc. 1. 显然他有不同的想法。 He evidently thinks otherwise. 2. 他兴奋得说不出话来了。 He was too excited to speak.
Warm-up practice: 1. 今天的中东还很不安宁。 The Middle East today is far from peace. （反说正译） 2. 他的解释不能让人满意。 His explanation is far from satisfactory. （反说正译） 试比较：His explanation is really not satisfactory.
3. 他未能旅行诺言，我们大家都很 失望。 His failure to carry out his promise has disappointed every one of us.
现代大学英语精读3(第二版)Unit12课文翻译及课文知识重点
Book 3Unit 121. evolve from2. build into使成为构成部分；嵌入，内置（= write in）3. struggle for为 努力4. be attached to 与 有关attach importance to重视5. run into撞见；遇到6. strive for追赶；奋斗7. be born with与生俱来8. regardless of不论怎样9. if it were not =were it not for要不是10. sb have difficulty in doing sth 某人做某事有困难11. As I have mentioned 正如我所说12. in power 掌权的13. get across 被理解14. cannot fail to do 必然（不可以不） = never fail to do (激烈 )15. band together 结合16. fight for 为 而战；争取获取17. the lion’s share of 最大的一分18. go over 复习；回首19. the list is endless 举不胜举20. compete for 争取21. by far (修饰比较级，最高等，重申数目，程度等 ) 得多；明显；最注意： by far the better (by far +the+adj.)22. in conflict with 与 矛盾23. be destructive to 对 是致命的24. be reworded into 换成（语言）25. be associated with 与 相联系26. in proportion to 与 成比率27. built-in 固有的28. in one’s attempt to 在我们的努力中29. branch out 开拓新领域branch out on one’s own 自开路子；开始过自己的生活30. gain v. 经过努力获取；喜悦；增添31. approach v.靠近；找商议；向提出建议要求；办理问题32. benefit v. 对 有利处；受益（ from/by）benefit performance 公演be of benefit 对 有利处for one’s benefit 为了 sb的利益have the benefit of33. fail v.失败；使绝望；破产；消逝34. break up 粉碎；分手；break out （战争，火灾）迸发break into/in非法闯进break through打破，打破，突围35.for the sake of safety 为了安全起见36.call on 呼吁；接见call out 出动，招集；高声叫唤37.stand on the side of 站在 一边；包庇；帮着stand behind做后盾38.get across 超出，渡过（一端到另一端）get through穿过（内部）slip through（从窄缝中）溜过，轻盈地穿过39. look around(round)环视40. in the hope that怀着 希望41. written on被写在 上42. strike out独立闯新路43.contradictory to 与 相矛盾44.share among=divide among 在 之间分派share with sb与 sb 一同分担Translation1.第二次世界大战此后，好多国家一个一个地博得了独立。
商务英语综合教程(中级) Unit 12-《商务英语综合教程》(中级)
contribute to…
in real time
take…into consideration
on one’s way to do…
show off
as…as…
exceed expectations
deliver with integrity
develop a take-charge attitude initiated with confidence and enthusiasm
in communication; • 4. to learn how to use body language in
communication; • 5. to learn differences between men and
women in communication.
A. Brainstorming
intend to use in business communication?
B. Business Knowledge
Pre-reading Questions
1. How important do you think communication is in workplace?
2. What can be called an effective communicator? 3. Do you know any communication skills?
1. Which of the methods in the above box do you use most often for communicating?
2. Does your choice depend on… ● who you are communicating with? ● the purpose of the communication? ● something else? 3. Is there any other communication media you have used or
研究生英语多维教程课文翻译及课后答案精编版
第一部分课文翻译旅行通用语1 数十年来，法兰西语言研究院一直捍卫着法语的尊严。
几年前，由于法国人对英语词汇的入侵非常敏感，该机构颁布了净化法语的法律，其内容甚至涉及专业术语。
就拿波音747 (Boeing747)来说吧，现在法国人必须用法语词gros-porteur；表示出租的leasing也变成了credit-bail。
此类例子不胜枚举，触及生活的方方面面。
法国总统希拉克很可能会继续加大力度，直至连英特网internet和字节流(信息组) byte stream之类的词也找到相应的法语新词。
哎，真不知未来的法语会变成什么样。
2 不幸的是(或许并非不幸)，英语没有受到如此的保护。
在美国，随处可见严重偏离英国标准英语的美式英语。
“honour”普遍被写成“honor”，“night”也变成了“nite”。
许多词意广为人知的英式英语单词被赋予新的解释，交流也变得有些困难。
比如说，汽车的行李箱“boot”变成了“trunk”(一个在英国指代树干的单词)；引擎盖“bonnet”变成了“hood”(英式英语中的风帽)；老式婴儿尿布“nappy”变成了“diaper”(英式英语中的菱格花纹织物)；婴儿小外套“matineejacket”也变成了“vest”(英国的内衣汗衫)。
显而易见，两国英语同出一源，而如今却将两国彼此隔离。
当然了，按美国人的观点，是英国人的语言表达出了问题。
3 实际使用中，甚至还有更糟的英语呢!只要你在外国旅游并注意一下菜单、海报、旅店、甚至当地日常生活中的英语，就可以证明过去的标准用语在这些地方已变得不伦不类，让我详例如下：4 旅行作家波洛?菲利浦曾不惜笔墨地渲染自己的几番经历，我觉得该有更多的读者了解一下。
他提及某份荷兰的灯泡目录，上面对用户承诺有“a speedy execution‟——快速处死(毫无疑问，想表达的应是“送货及时”)。
此外，东柏林的一个衣帽间告示要求客人“please hang yourself here”——请在这儿吊死自己(本想说的是“将衣帽挂在这儿”)。
商务英语Unit 12 参考答案
Unit 12 StrategyPart I Business V ocabularyDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. This part totals 20 points, one point for each sentence.1 Your order is packed in cartons lined with ___C____________ material.A water-tightB water-provedC water-proofD water-proven2You may rest assured that the ______B_______ will be seaworthy.A packageB packingC packD packaging3We require the bicycles to be packed in a wooden case __C____ with soft materials.A fullB supportedC paddedD surrounded4 There is always a lot of ______B______ to attend to on a Monday morning.A lettersB correspondenceC communicationsD information5 We will pack the goods according to our usual practice if we do not hear from you __ B the contrary.A onB toC inD as6 The mass production C lower cost.A result fromB result onC results inD resulted with7 The overall D _____ of the case are 100cm×80cm×60cm.A volumeB weightC capacityD dimensions8 Please have the goods packed in strong packing, so as to prevent the case_____D____ damage.A inB out ofC outD from9 The notice given by the shipper after the shipment of the goods is called shippingC .A noticeB instructionC adviceD documents10 We hope that your customers will not object to A the goods in wooden case.A packingB packC wrapD wrapping11 Your body __C___ usually gives other people information about how you really feel.A looksB impressionC languageD relationship12 John and Jackson are business _____C________ and have arranged to meet at thesales conference.A representativesB customersC associatesD officers13 I’ve given the latest sales _____B_______ to our General Manager but he hasn’thad a chance to look at them yet.A amountsB figuresC volumeD facts14 Make sure that the addressee’s job ____A__________ is correct.A titleB styleC nameD type15 A well written letter always gives a good ______C________.A ideaB responseC impressionD point16 If you are __D___________ in attending, please let me know as soon as possible.A concernedB pleasedC wantedD interested17 You must _____A_______ your application by the end of the week.A submitB subdueC subscribeD subcontract18 We should ___B__ staff to maintain the no-smoking policy throughout thebuilding.A suggestB encourageC manageD discourage19 We are writing to _____D______ the arrangements we made with you.A conductB makeC confineD confirm20 I’ll put you _______C________ to the Sales Department.A overB offC throughD inPart II Phrase TranslationDirections: Directions: There are 20 Chinese phrases in this part. You are required to translate them into English and write down your translation on the Answer Sheet. This part totals 20 points, one point for each phrase.1 董事会board of directors2 工会代表union representatives3 合资企业Joint venture4 电影发行Film distribution5 经济运动an economy drive6 成本削减Cost cutting7 宗旨说明mission statements8 研究型公司a research-based company9 公司合并Company merger10 公司战略company strategy11 管理空缺Management opening12 管理团队Management team13 经销渠道Distribution channel14 并购acquisition15 商业伙伴Business partner16 发展态势development trend17 股东年度大会annual general meeting18 收购出价a takeover bid19 公司标志Company logo20 特许经营体制Franchising systemPart III Sentence TranslationDirections: There are 10 sentences in this part. You are required to translate them into Chinese and write down your translation on the Answer Sheet. This part totals 20 points, two points for each sentence.1.The takeover is the biggest made by a western pharmaceuticals producers in eastEurope.该收购是西方制药生产商在东欧的最大的一次收购。
大学核心商务英语口译教程各单元答案详解(对外贸易大学出版社)Unit12
第三部分 课文详解 -2
感谢肯· 贾勒特及美国馆董事会、工作人员和志愿 者，包括我国的学生大使。学生大使不仅表示我 国展馆对来访者的欢迎，而且也代表了我国的开 放精神。感谢伊丽莎白· 巴格利大使和她的副手克 里斯· 鲍尔德斯滕。还要感谢我们的公司伙伴。你 们慷慨解囊，信心十足，才使这一切成为可能。 我十分感谢你们每一位。
第四部分 技巧练习
一、运用直译法、意译法等口译技巧翻译下列词语或句子 （二）翻译句子-5
8.While we were operating the machine tools, we were very careful. 我们在操作机床时非常小心。（语言重组法：英语复合句重组为汉语简 单句） 9.His superior grades at high school enabled him to enroll at the tuition-free City University of New York. 由于在中学成绩优异，他进入了免费的纽约市立学院。（语言重组法： 英语简单句重组为汉语复合句）
第四部分 技巧练习
一、运用直译法、意译法等口译技巧翻译下列词语或句子 （一）翻译词语-2
7.To save one’s face 为了保全面子（直译法） 8.Never offer to teach fish to swim. 不要教鱼儿游泳。这条谚 语的比喻意义是“不要在 行人面前卖弄自己”。相 当于汉语谚语“不要班们 弄斧”。（替代法）
第三部分 课文详解 -6
但我们还赞颂那些不知名的美国华裔。数以千计 的美国华裔送来了照片和纪念物，记载华人在美 国的经历，成为美国生活绚丽壮观的真实写照。 杰出的建筑师贝聿铭设计建造了波士顿的约 翰· 肯尼迪图书馆等许多著名的建筑。他曾说， 他希望到肯尼迪图书馆参观的人“重新燃起对未 来的希望和信念”。我相信，我们大家在这里， 在上海可以看到这样的希望和信念。
实操商务英语教程翻译课后答案
Chapter 1II. Reference Answers:一、翻译下列术语：1. intralingual translation2. interlingual translation3. literary translation4. business translation5. pragmatic translation6. 装运港7. 硬货币8. 银行汇票9. 仲裁协议10.优先购买权二、用直译法和意译法翻译下列句子：1. 约翰是一个干净利落、相貌伟岸的人。
2. 在某些自动化工厂，计算机控制整个生产线。
3. 在海外发达国家，6000人可支撑一家便利店的发展，但是，在上海平均4000人就拥有一家便利店。
4. 美国和中国有着共同的利益，当然也有分歧，不过我们相信我们能够以相互了解和相互尊重的态度来探讨存在的分歧。
5. 全面质量管理显然并非仅仅限于产品本身，而是在“从大棚到餐桌的各个生产阶段实施自我检查的可跟踪制度”。
6. The information went in one ear of his and out the other.7. “I travel because I have to see the scene,” he once said, “I can’t invent it”.8. Trade deficits can be controlled if proper measures are taken.9. The ear of economic globalization witnessed closer international trade ands economicexchanges and strengthened trade and economic cooperation, and regional trade and economic cooperation arrangements of various types spring up one after another.10. The Chinese government has vowed to sweep all shoddy and fake goods off the shelves.In addition, stiff penalties loom for counterfeiters.三、翻译下列句子或语段，并注意商务英语翻译的特点：1. 第二天大清早七点，他们就把你叫醒，叫你穿起透明睡袍，让你在床上吃早饭，好让纽约各家报纸都来拍你床上吃早饭的照片，而你实在是一夜没有好睡，正困得睡眼惺松呢。
商务英语翻译(英译汉)第二版电子教案第12单元
所谓语序，是指各级语言单位在组合中的 排列次序。
语序包括词序和句序。下面就词序和句序 谈谈英汉两种语言的差异。
英汉两种语言在词序上的差异
1.主语和谓语之间的差异：一般情况；倒装句和疑 问句
2.宾语的词序差异：英语中，宾语可以位于句首， 句中，句末。汉语中，宾语出现在及物动词后。
When there is a particular average loss, other interests in the voyage, such as the carrier and other cargo owners whose goods were not damaged, do not contribute to the partial recovery of the one who suffered the loss.
The end！ 谢谢观赏！
原译：国际对等贸易，作为一种销售条件，是指供应方以 合同方式，承诺对某些特别的、给购买方以补偿和利益的 商务提案予以回报和承办的一种做法。
改译：国际对等贸易，是指供货方以签订供货合同作为销 售条件，承诺对某些指定的对买方有利可图的商业项目予 以承接和互抵的习惯做法。
三.拆分翻译法
因原文句子过长，且含有多层意思，无法按照原文句子结 构的顺序进行翻译，译者就可以将原句的结构拆开，在不 损害原意的情况下按照汉语的表达习惯重新组合，以时间 先后，因果关系，假设与结果等逻辑关系相继翻译成一句 到两句意思连贯，内容完整的句子。
变序翻译法是指对原文句式进行重组。
International countertrade is a practice whereby a supplier commits contractually - as a condition of sale – to reciprocate and undertake certain specified commercial initiatives that compensate and benefit the buyer.
unit12.-商务合同《世纪商务英语翻译教程》
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Sec 7 Sec 8
END
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SECTION 2
I. 阅读下列合同，找出其标题、前文、正文和结尾条款，并翻译成汉语。 Sec 1 （1)
Sec 3 Sec 4 Sec 6 Sec 7 Sec 8 返回
CONTRACT CONTRACT NO. SIGNING DATE/PLACE THE BUYER： Name Legal Address Contact THE SELLER： Name Legal Address Contact This contract is made by and between the Buyer and the Seller. Whereby the Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell the undermentioned commodity in accordance with the terms and conditions stipulated below.
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SECTION 1
Sec 2 Sec 3 Sec 4 Sec 6 Sec 7 Sec 8
涉外商务合同通常分为以下几类：涉外 货物买卖合同、涉外运输合同、涉外保险合 同、中外合资经营企业合同、中外合作经营 企业合同、中外合作勘探开发自然资源合同、 来料加工合同、来件装配合同、补偿贸易合 同、涉外租赁合同、涉外技术转让合同、涉 外科研合同、工程承包合同、涉外劳务合同、涉外信贷合同等。
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SECTION 1
Sec 2 Sec 3 Sec 4 Sec 6 Sec 7 Sec 8 返回
3．正文（Body）
一般包括定义条款、基本条款和一般条款：
高等学校研究生英语综合教程上下册Unit原文加翻译
上unit1——TRAITS OF THE KEY PLAYERS关键员工的特征1.What exactly is a key player?A“Key Player"is aphrase that I've heard about from employers during just about every search I've conducted.I asked a client——a hiring manager involved in a recent search—to define it for me."Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done.On my team of seven process engineers and biologists,I've got two or three whom I just couldn't live without,”he said."Key players are essential to my organization.And when we hire your company to recruit for us,we expect that you'll be going into other companies and finding just that:the staff that another manager will not want to see leave.We recruit only key players.”关键员工到底是什么?在我进行的每一次搜索中，我都会从雇主那里听到“关键员工”这个词。
Unit 12 翻译技巧--正反译法
IV. Double Negative for Emphasis 1. There is no rule that has no exception. 2. It never rains but it pours. 3. It is impossible but that a man will make some mistakes. 4. I am not reluctant to accept your proposal. 5. Its significance and importance can never be overemphasized.
正反、反正表达法阐述
正如前面，所讲每一种语言都有自己独特的否 定方式。由于英、汉语之间存在着很大差别， 在翻译时可以根据英、汉语各自的特点及其表 达习惯等，进行正反互译， 即英语从正面表达， 汉语可以从反面翻译；英语从反面表达， 汉语 可以从正面翻译， 从而使译文符合译语的表达 习惯、达到强调或修辞的目的或准确地表达出 原文的精神风貌。
VII．Negation According to Usage
As the saying goes, “Men only weep when deeply hurt.” These basic concepts must be kept in mind in our discussion. “Just to have a word with Wang. I won’t be long! ”
Don’t lose time in posting this letter. (短语) 赶快把这封信寄出去。 The examination left no doubt that the patient had died of cancer. (短语) 调查的结果清清楚楚说明病人死于癌症。 Students, with no exception, are to hand in their papers this afternoon. (短语) 今天下午学生统统要交书面作业。 Such fights couldn’t long escape notice. 这类飞行迟早要会被人发觉的。 She saw at once that Phil was not all right. 她马上看到菲尓出了毛病。
研究生基础综合英语(邱东林版)课文中英对照加课后习题答案
Unit One：EducationText：In Praise of the F Word对F的赞美Tens of thousands of 18-year-olds will graduate this year and be handed meaningless diplomas. These diplomas won’t look any different from those awarded their luckier classmates.Their validity will be questioned only when their employers discover that these graduates are semiliterate.今年，将有成千上万的18岁学生毕业并被授于毫无意义的文凭。
这些文凭对每个人都是一样的 ,没有一点差别，而不管学生的成绩如何.但当雇主发现他们没有实际能力时，文凭的有效性就会被质疑。
Eventually a fortunate few will find their way into educational repair shops-adult-literacy programs, such as the one where I teach basic grammar and writing. There, high school graduates and high school dropouts pursuing graduate-equivalency certificates will learn the skills they should have learned in school . They will also discover they have been cheated by our educational system.即使少数幸运的人找到了成人进修的地方，像我教语法和写作的地方。
全新版大英综合第二册TextA课文翻译(中英逐段对照版)
Unit 1 Learning Styles学习风格Howard Gardner, a professor of education at Harvard University, reflects on a visit to China and gives his thoughts on different approaches to learning in China and the West.哈佛大学教育学教授霍华德·加德纳回忆其中国之行，阐述他对中西方不同的学习方式的看法。
Learning, Chinese-StyleHoward Gardner中国式的学习风格霍华德·加德纳1 For a month in the spring of 1987, my wife Ellen and I lived in the bustling eastern Chinese city of Nanjing with our 18-month-old son Benjamin while studying arts education in Chinese kindergartens and elementary schools. But one of the most telling lessons Ellen and I got in the difference between Chinese and American ideas of education came not in the classroom but in the lobby of the Jinling Hotel where we stayed in Nanjing.1987年春，我和妻子埃伦带着我们18个月的儿子本杰明在繁忙的中国东部城市南京住了一个月，同时考察中国幼儿园和小学的艺术教育情况。
然而，我和埃伦获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验并非来自课堂，而是来自我们在南京期间寓居的金陵饭店的大堂。
《新编MPA英语阅读教程教学参考书》部分译文
第一单元公共管理定义预习问题：1、公共管理指哪些活动？2、公共管理有哪些子域？3、与公共管理发生的具体形式和层次相关的专门领域和焦点有哪些？课文A公共管理一、重点词语释义：1. to refer to: to pertain; concern与…有关：涉及；关于例句：The term electronics refers to electronically induced action. 电子学这一术语涉及电子导致的作用。
2. to convey: to communicate or make known; impart交流或使知道；告知例句：When I returned home, I tried to convey the wonder of this machine to my husband. 回到家时，我竭力向丈夫传达了这种机器的神奇。
I can't convey my feelings in words. 我的情感难以言表。
The ambassador personally conveyed the president's message to the premier. 大使亲自向总理转达了总统的问候。
3. to cover:to extend over延伸，遍及例句：Introduction to Chemistry aims to cover important topics in organic chemistry. 《化学》一书的绪论打算包括有机化学中的重要话题。
4. to account for: to provide an explanation or justification做出解释，提出理由例句：The suspect couldn’t account for his time that night. 嫌疑犯不能说明那天晚上他的时间安排。
5. to recognize: to know or identify from past experience or knowledge认知，看出，从过去的经历或知识中得知或辨认出例句：The receptionist recognized him at once. 招待员立刻认出了他。
Unit 12英汉翻译中的视角转换
语义翻译
在译入语允许的范围内，尽可能地使译文从 语义和句法上接近原文，将原文确切的上下 文意义翻译出来。
常见介词性否定含蓄词
below beneath beyond under without except within instead
副词
She said idly, “Well, what does it matter?” 她漫不经心地说，“哼，有什么关系？”
反说正译法
某些英语否定词，用汉语的肯定词和肯定句 来表达更能符合汉语表达习惯。 英语双重否定句，除了可以译成汉语双重否 定句外，也可以译成肯定句。
名词
The machine has two serious disadvantages. 那机器有两个严重缺陷。
The dishonesty of the city officials was exposed by the newspaper. 市政官员的欺诈行为被报纸披露。
Unit 12 The Shift of Perspectives in Translation
May, 2013
英汉翻译中的视角转换
正反转换 形象转换
虚实转换
正反转换
Only five customers remained in the bar. 酒吧里只有五个顾客还没有走。
I wrote three books in the first two years, a record never reached before. 我头两年写了三本书，打破了以往的纪录。
Sir Anderson’s spies were not going to lose sight of me. 安德森爵士的密探一直在监视我的行踪。
商务英语Unit-12-参考答案
Unit 12 StrategyPart I Business V ocabularyDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. This part totals 20 points, one point for each sentence.1 Your order is packed in cartons lined with ___C____________ material.A water-tightB water-provedC water-proofD water-proven2You may rest assured that the ______B_______ will be seaworthy.A packageB packingC packD packaging3We require the bicycles to be packed in a wooden case __C____ with soft materials.A fullB supportedC paddedD surrounded4 There is always a lot of ______B______ to attend to on a Monday morning.A lettersB correspondenceC communicationsD information5 We will pack the goods according to our usual practice if we do not hear from you __ B the contrary.A onB toC inD as6 The mass production C lower cost.A result fromB result onC results inD resulted with7 The overall D _____ of the case are 100cm×80cm×60cm.A volumeB weightC capacityD dimensions8 Please have the goods packed in strong packing, so as to prevent the case_____D____ damage.A inB out ofC outD from9 The notice given by the shipper after the shipment of the goods is called shippingC .A noticeB instructionC adviceD documents10 We hope that your customers will not object to A the goods in wooden case.A packingB packC wrapD wrapping11 Your body __C___ usually gives other people information about how you really feel.A looksB impressionC languageD relationship12 John and Jackson are business _____C________ and have arranged to meet at thesales conference.A representativesB customersC associatesD officers13 I’ve given the latest sales _____B_______ to our General Manager but he hasn’thad a chance to look at them yet.A amountsB figuresC volumeD facts14 Make sure that the addressee’s job ____A__________ is correct.A titleB styleC nameD type15 A well written letter always gives a good ______C________.A ideaB responseC impressionD point16 If you are __D___________ in attending, please let me know as soon as possible.A concernedB pleasedC wantedD interested17 You must _____A_______ your application by the end of the week.A submitB subdueC subscribeD subcontract18 We should ___B__ staff to maintain the no-smoking policy throughout thebuilding.A suggestB encourageC manageD discourage19 We are writing to _____D______ the arrangements we made with you.A conductB makeC confineD confirm20 I’ll put you _______C________ to the Sales Department.A overB offC throughD inPart II Phrase TranslationDirections: Directions: There are 20 Chinese phrases in this part. You are required to translate them into English and write down your translation on the Answer Sheet. This part totals 20 points, one point for each phrase.1 董事会board of directors2 工会代表union representatives3 合资企业Joint venture4 电影发行Film distribution5 经济运动an economy drive6 成本削减Cost cutting7 宗旨说明mission statements8 研究型公司a research-based company9 公司合并Company merger10 公司战略company strategy11 管理空缺Management opening12 管理团队Management team13 经销渠道Distribution channel14 并购acquisition15 商业伙伴Business partner16 发展态势development trend17 股东年度大会annual general meeting18 收购出价a takeover bid19 公司标志Company logo20 特许经营体制Franchising systemPart III Sentence TranslationDirections: There are 10 sentences in this part. You are required to translate them into Chinese and write down your translation on the Answer Sheet. This part totals 20 points, two points for each sentence.1.The takeover is the biggest made by a western pharmaceuticals producers in eastEurope.该收购是西方制药生产商在东欧的最大的一次收购。
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The Translator’s Voice Gains Strength An indication of the relative strength of the translator’s voice and that of the original author is the retranslation of canonical authors after a period of time
《追忆似水年华》目前有三个中译本。
第一个译本，是译林出版社1990年推出的全译本。十五位译者，可以说是集一时 之盛。虽不断再版，但却从未做过完整修订，因此近两年，译林出版社花了大力 气修订。此次推出的绛红色封面精装，就是修订本。 在这个全译本所奠定的基础之上，当年十五位译者中的两位，徐和瑾先生和周克 希先生，都决定以一己之力重译。
第二个译本，徐和瑾先生的译本。目前已经出前三卷，第四卷即将交稿。他的风 格明晰优美。每卷有插图、内容提要、人名、地名和文艺作品名三个索引和译后 记，考证最为详尽。
第三个译本，周克希先生的译本，名为《追寻逝去的时光》。他的译笔明丽流畅。 已出第一卷和第二卷，即将推出第五卷。
对于这样的三个译本同时推出，读者也往往喜爱争论高下。但是译本之间即使是 有竞争，也是极高水平的，译者倾尽心力，更甚寻常。若待之以“你好，他不好” 这种简单粗暴方式，不免有失公允。公平地说，它们之间，不是一时瑜亮之争， 在这个普鲁斯特的浩瀚苍穹，都必将闪闪发光。直到人类不再需要书籍的那一 天。
TRANSLATED OR MANIPULATED?
One way of seeing this whole exercise of power in context is to see translation as a form of ‘re-writing’, even manipulation. 翻译是一种 “ 重写” ， 重写即 操纵 ，是为权力服务的手段 。
In Section A of this unit we looked at the notion of voice and the translator’s discursive presence(话语 呈现) which insinuates itself into the TT even if the aim of the translator has been to produce a ‘transparent’ translation译文呈现“透明”状态.
The Ethics and Responsibilities of the Translator
Due recognition of the work and status of the translators, but also their responsibilities CEATL(欧洲文学翻译协会联盟):adopt a code of ethics (The vital role played by literary translators in the circulation of ideas and information btn cultures. )
Or a self-translation(自译，作者执行自己作品的翻 译任务) which is carried out by the ST author may also be considered to be‘ definitive’: Samuel Beckett （贝克特，精通数国语言，《等待戈多》） , for example, wrote in both his native English and in French and translated each work into the other language.
《妈妈咪呀》
新华网上海12月29日电 中文版《妈妈咪呀》在半年不到的 时间里已完成上海、北京、广州等地的近160场演出，原本以 蓝色爱琴海为舞台主色调的《妈妈咪呀》，在开场环节特地 披上了富有节庆特色的“中国红”，向观众恭贺新年。
中央戏剧学院名誉院长徐晓钟曾分析说，中文版《妈妈咪 呀》很好地体现了音乐剧本身的质感，“歌词翻译得非常好， 激情的音乐、美妙的舞蹈、戏剧性的故事情节，带动观众进 入了激情澎湃的气氛中。音乐剧的本土化一直以来广受关注， 中文版《妈妈咪呀》带来了很好的启示，虽然故事发生在希 腊，却能引起观众共鸣，这是我们文艺工作者的追 求。”。
3. The translator shall refrain from introducing any tendentious modifications to the thoughts or words of the author, and from cutting or add express permission of the author or rights holder. 4. When it is not possible to translate from the original language and the translator is obliged to translate from a translation, the translator must obtain the permission of the author and cite the name of the translator whose work is being used . . .[. . .] 7. The translator undertakes not to do anything that may be damaging to the profession by agreeing to conditions that jeopardise the quality of the work or deliberately harm a colleague.
Allergy tested. 100% Fragrance Free. 敏感的鉴赏，100%的慷慨芳香。
敏锐鉴赏，百分百芳香。（理解对吗？）
“经过敏测试，100％不含芳香剂” 很多品牌化妆品都有类似的话写在产品包装外 面。
THE TRANSLATOR’S VOICE REMODELLED
Power structures such as ideology and poetics are consistently invoked to account for this phenomenon which, although condoned （ 宽 恕 ） and even encouraged in certain sectors of Translation Studies， are nonetheless rarely if ever innocent. 重写 ( 翻译 )受到 目标文化的诗学 ( 文学观 念)和意识形态规范的制约 ，译者在此规范内进行 操作 。
A translation is so widely accepted in achieves the status of an original, such as the King James Version of the Bible in English. 文艺复兴时期英国《钦定圣经译本》的出版以 其英语风格的地道、通俗和优美对现代英语的 发展产生了深远的影响。
Most frequently new translations of classic works are commissioned as the tastes or norms of the target culture change and when the author goes out of copyright.
European Code of Ethics for Literary Translators from CEATL
1. Anyone practising the profession of Translator confirms that they have a very sound knowledge of the language from which s/he translates (the SL), and of the language into which s/he is working (the TL). The TL should be their mother tongue, or a language in which they have mother-tongue competence, as any writer must master the language in which s/he writes. 2. The translator must be aware of his/her limitations and refrain from translating material which is outside his/her scope or the sphere of knowledge required.
Excluded Reader, Author or Translator
Pym:在报纸、杂志等出版物上，广告、通知、邀请信 等常以其他语言而非本国的官方语言出现。 Eg: announcement placed in a French newspaper, but translated from Arabic into English and not French. The choice of what to translate and how to translate are all decisions taken strategically and carry serious pragmatic implications-essentially to be inclusive or exclusive of a certain kind of reader, etc.