初二英语动词不定式讲义
初中英语非谓语动词——动词不定式
一对一个性化讲义本次课课堂教学内容一、动词不定式的构成及句法功能1.动词不定式的构成不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形。
有时可以不用to，这里的to是不定式符号，本身没有意义，动词不定式的否定形式是“not（+to）+动词原形”。
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语或状语。
2.动词不定式的句法功能（1）不定式作主语用作主语的动词不定式通常表示一种具体的、特定的行为，其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
当作主语的不定式（短语）较长时，用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语置于句末。
例：To learn English well is not easy.学好英语不容易It is important for students to learn English well.学好英语对学生们来说是重要的。
（2）不定式作宾语有些及物动词后用不定式作宾语，常见的这类及物动词有：begin、choose、continue、decide、expect、fail、forget、hate、help、hope、learn、manage、mean、need、offer、plan、prefer、pretend、promise、refuse、try、wait、want、wish、determine、dare、attempt、afford、agree、start、like。
例：She promised to come at nine o’clock.她答应九点来的。
如果作宾语的不定式有宾语补足语，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语后置。
例：I found it important to get up early in the morning.我发现早上早起很重要。
（3）不定式作定语①不定式有时起形容词的作用，修饰名词、代词，在句中作定语。
不定式作定语时，它的位置是在它所修饰的名词或代词之后。
人教八年级下册 Unit 2 动词不定式语法讲解
动词不定式定义：动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，在句中不能作谓语，没有人称和数的变化。
基本形式：to do ,有时to可以省略；否定形式：not to do动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此可以在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。
一、不定式作宾语【例句】1.Nobody knew why she agreed to help Ian.2. Susan wants to go to Beijing on vacation with her parents.【总结】动词不定式作宾语时，主要用在“主语+谓动v. + to do”的结构中。
后面可接不定式作宾语的动词有：want，decide，hope，learn，plan，agree等。
能接动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：agree(同意), hope(希望), decide(决定), wish(希望), fail(失败), want(想要),would like(想要),ask(请求),choose(选择),等。
希望想要做决定（hope, wish, want, decide )学会同意和答应（learn, agree, promise )碰巧没能计划好（happen, fail, plan )拒绝提供再准备（refuse, offer, prepare )注意：存在差异的四对词组：1.forget to do sth sth/ forget doing sth2.stop to do sth/stop doing sth3.remember to do sth / remember doing sth4.go on to do sth/go on doing sth不定式作宾语的考点1：***【例句】I found it difficult to stop him. 我发现拦截他很困难。
作宾语的不定式若带有自己的补足语，则需用it作形式宾语，而真正的不定式宾语置于补足语之后构成“主语+ 谓动+ it + 宾语补足语(名词或形容词) + to do sth”结构，谓语动词常为find、think、make,believe,feel等。
初中动词不定式完整ppt课件
但有的动词（如：need, want, require等）后面接动名词或动 词不定式作宾语均可。
在It + be + 形容词（easy, difficult, expensive等） + 不 定式句型中，动词不定式常用it 作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语 放到句子后面。
作定语
动词不定式作定语时，要放在被修饰的名词之后，表示与这个名词有逻辑上的动宾 关系，即不定式动词可以修饰的名词应是它的表语或宾语。
误用动词不定式的时态和语态
动词不定式的时态和语态需要根据句子的语境和上下文进行判断，但在 实际使用中，学生往往容易忽略这一点，导致时态和语态的错误使用。
注意事项
注意动词不定式的正确性
在使用动词不定式时，要确保其形式 的正确性，包括时态、语态、逻辑主 语等方面。
注意上下文语境
多练习、多积累
掌握动词不定式的用法需要大量的练 习和积累，因此学生应该多做相关练 习，多阅读相关材料，以便更好地掌 握这一语法点。
例如
They were watching TV at this time yesterday.（昨天这 个时候他们正在看电视）
语态的转换
1 2
主动语态 表示主语是动作的执行者
被动语态 表示主语是动作的承受者
3
动词不定式的语态转换
将主动语态的不定式改为被动语态的不定式，一 般在不定式前加to be，并将不定式的逻辑主语 作为被动语态的主语
04
动词不定式的省略和倒装
省略情况
当动词不定式在句子中作宾语补足语，表示的是一次性 的具体动作，且句子的主语和不定式的逻辑主语一致时， 可以省略to。
当动词不定式中的动词是be、have、助动词或情态动 词时，可以省略to。
八年级英语：动词不定式课件
其否定形式为：
V +sb /sth not /never +to do She told me not to give the book to him. I asked Paul to carry the box.
1.Don’t ask Jim ___(go) swimming with us, because his mother won’t allow him ____(do) so. 2. Does you mother like you ____a doctor? A. being B. to be C. are D. become 3. My teacher always tells me ____ (study) hard. 4. I don’t want you ____ (help) me. 5. She’d like me ____ (join) them.
5. My little son is able _____ (read) some words. 6. I’ll try my best _____ (help) you. 7. She would like _____ (become) beautiful.
4.Kangkang helped us to book the train tickets. (做宾语补足语) 动词不定式作宾语补足语,常见的动词有 tell , ask , want , would like , wish , teach , help , order ,invite, get, allow, send, lead 等.常构成下面的句式： V + sb /sth + to do
of It’s kind ______you to help me
初中英语动词不定式完整PPT 课件
5.I found the German language hard __D__.
A.learned
B. learning
C. to be learned D. to learn
6.—The light in the office is still on.
--- Oh, I forgot __C____.
2. Why (not) do sth.? 3. …prefer to do/prefer doing 4. …prefer + n./doing A +to + n./doing B 5. …prefer + to do A rather than (to) do B 6. …would rather (not) do sth. 7. …would rather do A than (do) B 8. …would rather + 句子（过去式）
morning till night.
A.havieen
C. to be
D. being
4.The Emperor ordered the wonderful cloth
__B___ for him without delay.
A.to have woven B. to be woven C. to be weaving D. to weave
I. promise, decide, hope, agree, + to do sth.
choose, fail, wish, learn
e.g. 1. He has promised to behave better later. 2. The boy decided not to become a sailor. 3. I hope to go to college.
初中英语动词不定式ppt课件
注： to只是一个符号，起结构作用，无任何实际意义
.
He told me not to close the door. He asked me not to close the door.
不定式的句式：
He told me to close the door. He asked me to close the door.
talking
to talk
特殊句式： 在find／feel＋it＋adj.＋ to do sth．句型中，it是形式宾语, 真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。 The man found it difficult to get to sleep． I feel it easy to recite the text．
It’s foolish _____ you to ask such silly questions. It’s important _____ me to learn maths well. It’s polite _____ you to knock on the door before you come in.
It’s easy to learn English.
It’s important to get up early.
It’s easy ______to learn English.
It’s important _________to get up early.
句型：It’s + adj+ of sb. to do sth.
返回
Have you got some pens to write with？
特殊情况: 如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系, 且动词是不及物动词, 切记不要忘掉后面的介词。 I have a small bedroom to live in．
八年级动词不定式的知识点
八年级动词不定式的知识点动词不定式是英语中的一种非限定性从句，可以作为名词、形容词和副词等成分。
在英语中，它有其特殊的结构和用法，同时也是英语语法中的重要知识点之一。
一、基本结构动词不定式一般由“to+动词原形”构成，例如：to go，to eat等等。
二、作为名词1. 动词不定式作主语动词不定式作为主语时，位于句首，后面跟随谓语动词，例如：To learn English well is very important.学好英语十分重要。
2. 动词不定式作宾语动词不定式作直接宾语时，常用于某些动词（如want, expect, agree, hope, promise等）的宾语从句中，例如：I want to see you tomorrow.明天我想见你。
三、作为形容词1. 动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语时作为形容词，并修饰名词或代词，例如：I have a book to read.我有一本要读的书。
2. 动词不定式作表语动词不定式作表语时作为形容词，并与be动词连用，例如：His dream is to be a doctor.他的梦想是成为一名医生。
四、作为副词1. 目的状语动词不定式作目的状语表示主语动作的目的或者原因，位于谓语动词之后，例如：I went to the supermarket to buy some fruits.我去超市买水果了。
2. 结果状语动词不定式作结果状语表示主语动作的结果或者后果，位于谓语动词之后，例如：He talked too much to be heard.他说得太多，没人听得懂。
以上就是八年级动词不定式的知识点，掌握好这些知识点，能够更好地理解英语语法，提升自己的英语语言水平。
人教版新八年级英语暑假讲义第09讲动词不定式作宾语-(学生版+解析)
第09讲动词不定式作宾语【基础知识】动词不定式作宾语（1）接不定式作宾语的动词（“动词+to do” 结构）常见的有：learn 学会 plan 计划 decide 决定try 尽力 choose 选择 agree 同意refuse 拒绝 pretend 假装 offer 主动would like / want 想要 expect 期望hope / wish 希望 promise 承诺afford 负担得起 prefer 喜欢help 帮助(help to do / help do) like 喜欢(like to do / doing)continue 继续(continue to do / doing)begin / start 开始(begin / start to do / doing)如：I would like to have a sandwich. 我想要吃一个三明治。
（2）动词不定式作宾语，置句末，前面用it指代不定式，it是形式宾语。
如：We found it difficult to understand what you said. 我们发现很难理解你所说的话。
（3）有的动词在不定式前可加上疑问词（who，what，which等）作宾语（即“动词+疑问词+to do” 结构），常见的有：show 表明、指示；know 知道；tell 告诉；teach 教；learn 学习；decide 决定。
如：Larry didn’t know how to tell her the bad news. 拉里不知道如何告诉她这个坏消息。
【考点剖析】例1．（2022·山东·莒南县教育科学研究与发展中心八年级期末）—Did you practice ________ English this morning?—Yes, but I forgot ________ the classroom.A．to speak; to clean B．speaking; to clean C．speaking; cleaning例2．（2022·广东·深圳市高级中学八年级期中）—Did you forget ________ off the light when you left the room just now?—No, I remember ________ that, Mum.A．to turn；to do B．turning；doing C．to turn；doing例3．（2022·广东·深圳市高级中学八年级期中）—Does your mother make you ________ housework every day?—No. In fact, I offer ________ the dishes every day.A．do; to do B．to do; to do C．do; doing例4．（2021·辽宁沈阳·八年级期末）Three teenagers ________ to do some voluntary work during the school holiday.A．kept B．offered C．thought D．practised【真题演练】5．（2022·四川广元·中考真题）The Great Wall is so famous that a large number of travellers wish ______ it.A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．visited 6．（2022·天津·中考真题）The painting is really valuable to him. He will never agree ________ it.A．sell B．sells C．sold D．to sell 7．（2021·山东济南·中考真题）—Have you finished your book report yet?—No, I haven’t. I plan ________ it this weekend.A．write B．wrote C．writing D．to write 8．（2021·云南昆明·中考真题）It is necessary to learn ________ time and make good use of every minute.A．to manage B．managing C．to lose D．losing 9．（2021·重庆·中考真题）The villagers plan ________ a new bridge over the river.A．build B．building C．to build D．built【过关检测】10． Please remember ________ tomorrow morning.A．to wake up me B．waking up me C．to wake me up D．waking me up 11． The couple managed ________ the ship.A．to go on the board B．going onto boardC．going on board D．to go on board12．I found ________ interesting ________ the animals.A．that; to feed B．it; to feed C．this; feed D．it; feed 13．Don’t forget _________ your book here tomorrow.A．carrying B．getting C．to take D．to bring14．At present, the price of the houses in Urumqi ________ than before. I can afford ________ a large one.A．are cheaper; to buy B．is cheaper; buy C．are lower; buy D．is lower; to buy 15．（2021·广东·广州市白云区白云实验学校八年级阶段练习）As my mother is lookingforward to ________ from me, please remember ________ this letter on your way to the company. A．hearing；posting B．hear；to post C．hearing；to post D．hear；posting 16．（2022·北京大兴·八年级期末）—Do you plan ________ for a party this weekend? —Yes, we do.A．to prepare B．prepare C．preparing D．prepared 17．（2021·陕西·榆林市第一中学分校八年级期末）My mother expects ________ around the world.A．to go B．going C．goes D．went 18．（2021·内蒙古·阿荣旗教师培训中心八年级期末）—Laura, we decide ________ on a trip this afternoon. will you join us?—-I’m afraid not. I have a composition ________.A．to go; to write B．to go; writing C．going; to write D．going; writing 19．（2021·黑龙江·肇州县教师进修学校八年级期末）The child is afraid ________ the bridge because he is afraid ________ off it.A．to cross; to fall B．to cross; of fallingC．of crossing; of falling D．of crossing; to fall20．（2021·天津和平·八年级期末）As the manager of the company, Mr. Brown can’t expect ________a day without working.A．spent B．spending C．spend D．to spend 21．（2021·湖南·通道侗族自治县教育科学研究室八年级期末）I find it important ________ English in the morning.A．read B．reading C．to read22．（2022·安徽淮北·八年级期末）Would you like ________ his sister ________ your party? A．invite; to B．to invite; to C．to invite; for D．invite; to 23．（2021·上海浦东新·八年级期末）They agreed ________ another meeting in one week’s time.A．to hold B．holding C．held D．hold 24．（2022·广东·深圳实验学校中学部八年级期末）If you try ________ your dream, you had better ________ effective steps and work hard.A．realizing; take B．to realize; taking C．realizing; to take D．to realize; take二、用所给单词的正确形式填空25．（2022·北京市陈经纶中学分校八年级期中）Children often expect _____ (see) more Monkey King cartoons.26．（2022·山东·巨野县教学研究中心八年级期中）I find it hard _______ (finish) the work ina day.27．（2021·黑龙江·绥滨县教师进修学校八年级期末）My mother doesn’t allow me ________ (eat) junk food.28．（2021·黑龙江·绥滨县教师进修学校八年级期末）Don’t forget _______________ (see) my parents when you are in Beijing.29．（2021·黑龙江·肇州县教师进修学校八年级期末）The shirt was dirty, but he managed _________ (clean) it.30．（2021·黑龙江·肇州县教师进修学校八年级期末）Tom didn’t need _________ (buy) a big house.31．（2022·吉林·长春外国语学校八年级期末）He needs ________ (clean) his room right now. 32．（2021·全国·八年级期末）They volunteered ________ (care) for those homeless people. 33．（2020·甘肃省会宁县教学研究室八年级期末）Could you tell me how ____(use) the computer?34．（2018·浙江·温岭市新河中学八年级期末）I hope ________ (watch) the action movie one day.35．（2020·吉林·长春外国语学校八年级期末）Some students found it difficult________(pronounce) difficult words.36．（2019·山西阳泉·八年级期末）Of all the TV shows, my father expects _______________ (watch) the news.第09讲动词不定式作宾语【基础知识】动词不定式作宾语（1）接不定式作宾语的动词（“动词+to do” 结构）常见的有：learn 学会 plan 计划 decide 决定try 尽力 choose 选择 agree 同意refuse 拒绝 pretend 假装 offer 主动would like / want 想要 expect 期望hope / wish 希望 promise 承诺afford 负担得起 prefer 喜欢help 帮助(help to do / help do) like 喜欢(like to do / doing)continue 继续(continue to do / doing)begin / start 开始(begin / start to do / doing)如：I would like to have a sandwich. 我想要吃一个三明治。
八年级英语动词不定式+双宾语讲解及练习
八年级英语动词不定式+双宾语讲解及练习专题三：动词不定式+双宾语一．动词不定式含义当我们要表示“想做某事、需要做某事或决定做某事”时，就会出现两个动词连用的情况，这时应如何表达呢?同学们自然会想到want to do sth。
need to do sth.和decide to do sth.等表达方式。
行为动词后的动词都采用了“to+动词原形”的结构。
我们把这种结构称为动词不定式。
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。
二．动词不定式的功能1.动词不定式作宾语(1)动词+to do sth.表示的多为将来的行为。
如：want to do sth。
/ hope to do sth。
/ learn to do sth。
/ try to do sth。
/ decide to do sth。
/ forget to doXXX to do sth。
/ stop to do sth./ plan to do sth.等(2)to偶然可省略，布局为动词+do sth.had better do sth。
/ why not do sth.2.动词不定式作宾语补足语(1)宾语补足语是对宾语的补充说明，结构：“动词+宾语+动词不定式”。
其否定结构要在todo前面加not,构成not to do。
如：allow sb。
to do sth。
/ choose sb。
to do sth。
/ want sb。
to do sth。
/ tell sb。
to do sth。
/ ask sb。
to doXXX(2)在表示感觉、祈使等意义的动词help。
make。
let。
have。
feel。
see等后接不带to的不定式。
3.动词不定式作目的状语(1)假如透露表现“做某事是为了甚么”，能够用动词不定式透露表现目标，常与soas，in order等组成短语不定式既可以放在句首，也可以放在句尾。
如:XXX to have rest.=To have rest。
英语八年级上册知识讲义 动词不定式
动词不定式【考向解读】中考对动词不定式的考查主要为：掌握动词不定式的基本用法。
中考对这部分内容考查的常见题型和大体分值为：单选（1分）写句子（1分）写作（1-2分）阅读理解（1-2分）【重点点拨】一、知识精讲（一）什么是动词不定式1. 动词不定式在句子中不能独立充当谓语，没有人称和数的变化。
2. 动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成（有时可以省略to）。
3. 动词不定式与它的宾语或状语一起构成不定式短语，在句中具有名词、形容词或副词等的作用，可用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语或状语。
【例句】It’s time for us to have supper．我们吃晚饭的时候到了。
I am very glad to meet you here．我很高兴在这儿遇见你。
I am sorry．I forgot to tell you the news．对不起，我忘记告诉你那个消息了。
I saw them come into the room just now．我刚才看见他们进了房间。
Have you decided which one to choose？你已经决定选择哪个了吗?典例I want _______ some trees on the mountain.A. plantB. plantingC. to plantD. planted答案：C思路分析：want是句中的谓语，它的宾语需要用动词不定式的形式表示出来。
故答案是C。
（二）动词不定式在句中的用法1. 动词不定式作主语（Subject）. 如果作主语的动词不定式短语太长，则常用it作形式主语，将不定式短语后置。
动词不定式作主语时，句子中的谓语动词常用单数。
【例句】To learn a foreign language is not easy.学一门外语是不容易的。
It took us three days to do the work.这项工作花了我们三天时间。
动词不定式讲义
初中动词不定式讲义主要内容：1. 定义/特征； 2. 用法（难点）； 3. 练习（重点）1．定义/特征:-“to+V.原”“not to +V.原”- 非谓语动词；除谓语之外，可做主语，宾语，宾补，状语，定语- 没有人称和数的变化；但有时态和语态的变化2．用法带to的不定式- 作主语/ 常见于形式主语It：Eg. To say is easy, but to do is not easy. –(It’s easy to say, but not easy to do.)Eg. It’s so nice of you to help me look after my little pet. –( It is 形容词(of sb.) to do sth. (形容词nice, clever, good, right, foolish等表示不定式的逻辑主语的属性和性质)Eg. It’s important to have a rest after work. –( It is 形容词(for sb.) to do sth. (形容词difficult, easy, hard, important等表示不定式的动作行为的性质)It takes sb. 时间to do sth.-作宾语：(want, like, agree, hope, wish, learn, begin, start, seem, decide, hate, choose, forget, remember to do sth.)Eg. She wanted to borrow my radio.Find it difficult to do sth.-作宾补：（ask, teach, expect, tell,allow, want sb. to do sth.）Eg. Tell her to turn it down.-作状语：目的状语Eg. She went to shop to buy some fruit.原因状语Eg. I’m so glad to meet you all.结果状语( too+adj./adv. +to do sth. adj./adv. + enough (+ n.) (for sb.) to do sth.)Eg. The hole is too small to go through.He is old enough to understand this question.-作定语：Eg. Do you want anything to eat? (与逻辑主语anything是动宾关系)He is not an easy man to get on with. (带上介词构成短语，相当于及物动词)不带to的不定式-see, watch, hear, feel +sb. do sth.Eg. I saw him dance.-Make, have, let +sb. do sth.Eg. So much homework made her feel very tired.-had better/ would rather do sth.Eg. You’d better wake him up. It’s time for school.-Why/why not do sth. (不同于what/who/which/how/where/when to do)Eg. Why not go to the library now?She didn’t know what/when/how to do; her mother told her which road to take, though she didn’t decide where to go.不定式否定式（在to前加not; 如果是不带to, 直接在动词原型前加not ）Eg. He tried not to wake his mom up.You’d better not wake him up.3. 练习（附上）A Quiz on INFINITIVEYour Name:1.The kind old man was always ready_____people in trouble.A helpedB helpingC to helpD help2.He was made_____heavy work day and might.A didB doingC doD to do3.The teacher let Tom ______in the gate house.A waitB to waitC waitingD to have waited4.The girl was too poor _____a house______.A to buy,to live inB to buy,live inC to buy,in liveD Buying to in live5.He is not a bad boy. Why_____him______?A.let,to goB.let ,goC.to let,to goD.to let,go6. The first thing I want to do is __________.A. visit to himB. to visit himC. visiting himD. visited him7. Li Yang advised me _________ too much; otherwise I would have been drunk.A. not to drinkB. to drinkC. not drinkingD. drinking8. I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than_______ a room with someone else. A. to share B. to have shared C. shareD. sharing9. I am sorry ______ written you a letter at the time.A. to have notB. to not haveC. not to haveD. not having10. The teacher asked us ______so much noise.A .don’t make B. not make C. not making D .not to make。
初二英语动词不定式讲义和练习
初二英语动词不定式讲义和练习初二年级英语动词不定式复习动词不定式构成：肯定式：不定式符号to+动词原形否定式：notto+动词原形一、用作主语1、把不定式置于句首。
To get there by bike will take us half an hour.2、用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。
①It＋be＋名词＋to doIt's our duty to take good care of the old.②It takes sb + some time +to doHow long did it take you to finish the work?③It＋be＋形容词＋for sb＋to do逻辑主语如：difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary等；It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition a quarter of an hour.④It＋be＋描述词＋of sb＋to do经常使用careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise等表示赞扬或批评的词，强调对人的评价。
“It is stupid of you to write down everything”，the teacher says.⑤It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to doIt seemed impossible to save money.3、带疑问词的不定式短语作主语How to solve the problem is hard for him.2、用作表语动词不定式作表语，通常放在连系动词（主要是be动词）后。
动词不定式(初二) (共18张PPT)
17
定语
• The best way to raise money is to sell 表语
newspapers.
• Why don’t we put on a show to raise目的状语
mooks.
• I think we can sell flow目e的rs状to语raise money at the weekend.
bike.
结果状语
• It’s too far to cycle.
宾语
• You need to find the cost宾fo语r the bus.
• I’d love to go by plane.
• We’ll decide on定th语e best way to travel on our field trip.
• I have some books to read. • To read是修饰前面的名词books的定语。 • Do you have anything to tell him? • To tell him在这里是修饰前面的代词
anything。 • Would you please give me a room to live
in? • 不定式在这里是修饰前面的名词room的。
9
五、不定式作宾语朴足语
allow sb. (not) to do sth
•
一t些ell及sb物. (动no词t)除to要d求o s接th宾语外，有时还需 要a有sk宾s语b.补(n足ot语) t。o d说o明st宾h 语的行为、状态、
特a征dv。is这e s时b意. (n思o才t) 相to对do完s整th。常要求不定
• We were very excited to hear the news. • I am sorry to hear that.
动词不定式讲解PPT课件
巧记动词不定式作宾语歌诀：
• 想要拒绝莫忘记
• （want, refuse, forget）
• 需要努力就学习 • （need, try, learn） • 喜欢帮助加同意 • （like help agree ） • 希望决定后开始 • （hope, decide, begin, start）
impossible(不可能的)等。
It's＋adj.＋for＋sb＋不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说……”
• 你可以用这个句型来验证
• sb + be + adj 句式。 • 看这个句子的意思是不是成立，要是成立，就用
of 。要是不成立则用for.
• you_are kind 这个句子成立，所以用of
I have a lot of work to do.我有很多工作要做。 (2)主谓关系 He is always the first to come.他总是第一个来。 (3)同位关系 We all have a chance to go to college. • 我们都有上大学的机会。
第二十一页，课件共有96页
careless(粗心的)，right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)等词后，不用 for而用of。
It's very kind of_you_to_help_me.
你帮助我真是太好啦。
第八页，课件共有96页
若描述做某事性质的形容词：如important(重要的)， necessary(必要的)，difficult(困难的)，easy(容易的)， hard(艰难的)，dangerous(危险的)，safe(安全的)，useful(有 益的)，pleasant(舒适的)，interesting(有趣的)，
八年级动词不定式课件
作宾补-对宾语进行补充说明
1、动词 + 宾语（sb./sth.) + to do sth. 1、The teacher asked her to answer the question. 2、The doctor told me to have a good rest.
常用动词有：ask, tell, allow, want 等
6、To waste time is to shorten life. （翻译成中文） 浪费时间就是缩短生命。
八年级动词不定式课件
作宾语
1、动词+ to do sth.
常用动词有：
want / wish / like / would like / hope / plan / try / decide / learn / need / agree / begin / start / forget / remember / manage / seem / fail/ manage/ promise等
动词不定式
八年级动词不定式课件
动词不定式的结构
肯定： to + V.原 或者 (to)+ V.原 否定：not/never + (to) + V.原
1) He likes to read novels. 2) I saw him come. 3) We decided not to buy that house. 4) It is interesting to fly a kite. 5) Please let him 八n年o级t动g词o不定t式h课e件re.
把真正的主语放在后面。
1、It is +adj. for/ of sb. to do sth.
动词不定式的用法讲义
动词不定式的用法讲义动词不定式是英语语法中的一个重要部分，它具有丰富的用法和多样的功能。
下面让我们一起来详细了解一下动词不定式的各种用法。
一、动词不定式的形式动词不定式的基本形式是“to ＋动词原形”，例如“to study”“to play”。
但在一些情况下，to 会被省略，我们后面会详细讲到。
二、动词不定式作主语动词不定式可以用作句子的主语，表示一个具体的、将要发生的动作。
例如：“To learn a foreign language well is not easy”（学好一门外语不容易。
）但需要注意的是，为了避免句子头重脚轻，通常会使用形式主语 it ，将真正的主语动词不定式后置，变成“It is not easy to learn a foreign language well”三、动词不定式作宾语很多动词后面可以接动词不定式作宾语，常见的有：want（想要），hope（希望），decide（决定），plan（计划），expect（期望）等。
例如：“I want to go shopping this weekend”（这个周末我想去购物。
）四、动词不定式作宾语补足语有些动词后面会接宾语和动词不定式作宾语补足语，常见的这类动词有：ask（要求），tell（告诉），allow（允许），enable（使能够）等。
例如：“The teacher asked us to finish the homework on time”（老师要求我们按时完成作业。
）五、动词不定式作定语动词不定式可以用来修饰名词或代词，作定语。
例如：“I have a lot of work to do”（我有很多工作要做。
）这里的“to do”就修饰“work”，表示“要做的工作”。
六、动词不定式作状语1、目的状语动词不定式可以作目的状语，表示某个动作的目的。
例如：“He came here to see me”（他来这里是为了看我。
初中英语动词不定式讲义
初中英语动词不定式讲义动词不定式动词不定式具有两⼤特点：1.具有动词的特点，因此，后⾯可以跟表语、宾语或状语，构成动词不定式短语。
2.具有名词、形容词或副词的特点，可以在句⼦中⽤作主语、宾语、宾语补⾜语、状语、定语、表语及同位语等1.作主语(1)To get there by bike will take us half an hour.To make up for lost time is not possible.To lean out of the window is dangerous.To save money now seems impossible.(2)① It+be+n.+to doIt's our duty to take good care of the old.②It takes sb. + sometime +to do sth.How long did it take you to finish the work?③ It+be+adj.+for sb+to doIt is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.It is stupid of you to write down everything (that) the teacher says.It is an offence to drop litter in the street.④ It seems(appears)+adj.+to doIt seemed impossible to save money.⑤ believe/consider/discover/expect/find/think/wonder+it + 谓语+to do sth.He thought it would be safer to go by train.He will find it is hard to make friends.⑥to have doneTo have made the same mistake twice was unforgivable.It is better to have loved and lost than never to have loved at all.(3)（1）It's easy (for me) to do that…easy,difficult,hard,important,possible,impossible,comfortable,necessary,better;the first,the next,the last,the best,too much,too little,not enoughIt's so nice to hear your voice.It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.（2）It's very kind of him to help us.Kind,nice,stupid,rude,clever,foolish,thoughtful,thoughtless,brave,considerate,silly,selfish 例句:It was silly of us to believe him.It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything.判断正误：To see is to believe.It is to believe to see.练习1. It's our duty _________ the room every day.A. to cleanB. cleanedC. cleanD. cleans2. It's hard for us _________ English well.A. learnB. learnsC. to learnD. learning3.建造这座⽴交桥将花费⼯⼈们⼀年多的时间。
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初二年级英语动词不定式复习动词不定式构成：肯定式：不定式符号to+动词原形否定式：not to+动词原形一、用作主语1、把不定式置于句首。
To get there by bike will take us half an hour.2、用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。
①It＋be＋名词＋to doIt's our duty to take good care of the old.②It takes sb + some time +to doHow long did it take you to finish the work?③It＋be＋形容词＋for sb＋to do 逻辑主语如：difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary 等；It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition a quarter of an hour.④It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋to do常用careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise等表示赞扬或批评的词，强调对人的评价。
“It is stupid of you to write down everything”，the teacher says.⑤It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to doIt seemed impossible to save money.3、带疑问词的不定式短语作主语How to solve the problem is hard for him.二、用作表语动词不定式作表语，通常放在连系动词（主要是be动词）后。
1.The best way to improve your English is to join an English club.2.The first thing is to greet the teacher.注意：不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作；动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。
Our work is serving the people.三、用作宾语1.可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：要求、选择、同意(ask to do, choose to do, , agree to do, )，期望、决定、学习(expect to do , hope to do, , decide to do, ,learn to do) 宁可、假装、知道(prefer to do, pretend to do, know to do )希望、想要、愿意(wish to do , want to do, would like / love to do)。
如：1)We decided to talk to some students about why they go there.2)He prefers to eat white bread and rice.3)I’d love to visit Mexico2.动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell...，介词结构on...，可用疑问词带to的不定式短语作宾语，但why后面的不定式不带to。
如：1)Could you please tell me where to park my car?2)It gives advice on what to do in lots of different situations.3.动词feel, find, make, think等后面，可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语——动词不定式，句子结构:...feel / find / make / it+adj. / n.+to do...。
如：I find it difficult to remember everything.4.既可接动词不定式又可接ving形式作宾语，意思差别不太大的动词有begin, start, like, love等。
一般说来，动词不定式表一次、数次的具体动作、将来动作或动作的全过程，v-ing形式表习惯性的连续动作。
但是这种区别并不很严格，特别是美国英语，即使是习惯性的动作也可以用动词不定式。
如：1)Then I started to watch English-language TV.2)I’m beginning to understand my Chinese roots, and who I am.begin用了进行时态，后面只接不定式作宾语，表示事情刚开始，还要继续下去。
3)I like to eat vegetables.感知动词like, love, know等一般不用进行时态。
5.后接动词不定式或v-ing形式作宾语，意思差别较大的动词有forget, remember等。
后接不定式作宾语，表动作尚未发生；后接v-ing形式作宾语，表动作已经发生。
stop to do停下来做另外一件事，to do是目的状语；stop doing停止做、不做当前这件事，doing是宾语。
try to do尽力做，try doing试试看；go on to do接着做另外的事，go on doing 继续做原来的事。
如：1)When I left home, I had forgotten to bring it with me.2)I stopped using them last year.总结：“及物动词+不定式一般形式：及物动词+疑问词+不定式：四、用作定语1)I have so many chores to do today.2) Do you have anything to say on the question?3) Would you please give me some paper to write on?2.动词不定式所修饰的名词是place, time, way等时，不定式与这些名词呈现出动状关系或同位关系。
1)He needs time to do homework2)Is that a good place to hang out？3)You want to know the best way to get around the city.3.在“there be...”句型里，句子的主语是动词不定式动作的对象，常用主动式。
如：1)There’s just so much to see and do here.2)... but there are still many things to do there.1、记住下面的一些结构：2、在这种情况下,如果不定式动词是不及物动词,则后面必须加介词。
They could not find a place to live in. (他们找不到住的地方)Please give me a chair to sit on. (请给我一张椅子坐坐)He has got a writing brush to write with. (他找到了写字的毛笔)五、用作补语1.要求、允许、提议(ask, allow, permit, advise)，期望、邀请、鼓励(expect, suppose, invite, encourage)，教导、告诉、想要(teach, tell, want)，等待、希望、愿意(wait for, wish, would like / love)。
2.动词不定式作补语，在主动语态句里不带to，被动语态句里带to，多数动词是感官动词和使役动词，包括:一“感觉”feel；二“听”：hear, listen to；三“让”：have, let, make；四“看”：look at, observe, see, watch；五“注意”：notice。
I saw him dance.=He was seen to dance.The boss made them work the whole night.=They were made to work the whole night.3.help后接动词不定式作补语，to可带可不带。
一般说来，带to表间接帮助，不带to表直接帮助。
在被动语态句里，或者用不定式的否定式作补语时要带to。
如：4.be said, be sure, happen, seem等后面可以接带to的动词不定式作主语的补语。
如：1)He doesn’t seem to have many friends.2)Be sure not to miss them if they come to a city near you. 总结：注意：hear / see / feel / watch之后的宾补用不定式与现在分词时,含义不同,试比较：I heard her crying when I walked past.(我路过时听到她正在哭)(指当时瞬间的情况)I sat near her and heard her sing the new song.(我坐在她附近听她唱新歌)(指整个过程)六、动词不定式作状语1.目的状语，to do置于句首或句末，置于句首时常表示强调。
A group of young people got together to discuss this question.2.原因状语，多见于“sb.+be+adj.+to do...”结构句中。
I'm glad to see you .3.结果状语，多见于“too...to”(太…以致不能…)，“enough to...”结构句中。
He is too excited to speak.七、带疑问词的不定式短语疑问代词what to do, which to do, who to do或疑问副词how to do, when to do, where to do, why do等。
这种结构起名词的作用，在句子里用作宾语、主语、表语等，或者单独使用。
要注意的是：why后面的不定式不带to。
如：1.用作句子的成分。
1)I don’t know what to do. = I don’t know how to do it . (作宾语)2)Where to go is not decided yet. (作主语)2.单独使用时相当于一个特殊疑问句。