2017届高考语法填空非谓语动词常考点
专题学案(五) 非谓语动词
解析：get前加to 此处表示我可能明年要再退休一次，仅仅为 了得到更多这样的饼干。分析句子结构可知，句中不缺谓语， 故此处为非谓语动词，根据语境可知，此处应用不定式作目的 状语。
常考点 1 常考点 2 常考点 3 常考点 4
综合演练提能
非谓语动词 结 束
3．The boy brought his guitar to the stage, worn a fashionable hat which made him seem so mysterious.________________ 解析：worn→wearing 动词wear和主语The boy之间是主 动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。
常考点 1 常考点 2 常考点 3 常考点 4
综合演练提能
非谓语动词 结 束
4 ． (2016·全 国 卷 Ⅲ )Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal ________ (create) special designs. 解析：to create 句意：熟练的工人还会把各种硬质木材和 金属组合起来以创作独特的样式。根据语境可知，此处应 用不定式作目的状语。
非谓语动词 结 束
专题学案(五) 非谓语动词
[常考点1 非谓语动词作状语]
高考必考语法精讲精练专题十二：非谓语动词(含解析)
高考必考语法精讲精练语法专题十二：非谓语动词非谓语动词是高考必考点，《2017年一般高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中对非谓语动词列了三项：动词不定式、动名词和分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）。
动词不定式一、动词不定式的形式二、动词不定式的用法动词不定式可以充当谓语之外的全部句子成分，动词不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的改变，但有时态和语态的改变。
1．作主语（1）动词不定式作主语，一般表示详细的某次动作，谓语动词用单数形式。
例如：①To see is to believe.②To master English is of great importance.（2）不定式或不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，构成“It is + adj+for sb.+to do”结构,或It is +adj+for sth +to be done。
例如：①It is impossible for him to give up smoking.②It is not easy to find your way in the mountain.③It is difficult for the problem to be solved.④It is impossible for my question to be answered in his absence.2.作宾语（1）动词不定式作宾语时，常跟在某些及物动词后面，常见的有：agree，dare，decide，expect，help，hope，learn，manage，offer，pretend，promise，refuse，want, intend, fail, wish, choose等。
例如：①I mean to go there at once.②We must learn to tell friends from enemies.（2）不定式短语作宾语时，假如还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾补之后，而用it 作形式宾语。
高考英语语法填空必背知识
高考英语语法填空必背知识高考英语语法填空是学术类综合素质评价考试的一项重要组成部分，也是考生英语综合能力的重要表现。
语法填空要求考生具备一定的英语语言基础和语法知识，掌握一些必备的语法填空技巧和方法，才能在考试中取得好成绩。
以下是高考英语语法填空必背知识：1. 非谓语动词非谓语动词包括分词和不定式两种形式。
考生需要熟记非谓语动词的用法和搭配，特别是介词后面的动词形式。
（1）动名词：作主语或宾语，表目的、原因、结果等意义。
例：Swimming is good for health.（2）现在分词：作伴随状语，表示两个动作同时进行；作定语，修饰名词；作状语，表示条件、时间、原因等。
例：Seeing the film, I cried.（3）过去分词：作表语、宾语补足语，表示被动或完成；作定语，修饰名词。
例：The book is written by Tom.（4）不定式：作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
例：To study English well is important for us.2. 时态和语态时态和语态是语法填空考试中最为重要的知识点之一。
考生需要熟悉各种时态和语态的构成和用法，特别是完成时态和被动语态的使用。
（1）一般现在时：表示现在或经常发生的动作或状态。
例：I usually get up early.（2）一般过去时：表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。
例：He went to the cinema last night.（3）一般将来时：表示将来某个时间会发生的动作或状态。
例：Tomorrow we will have a meeting.（4）现在进行时：表示现在正在进行的动作或状态。
例：He is watching TV now.（5）过去进行时：表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作或状态。
例：I was cooking dinner last night.（6）现在完成时：表示已经完成的动作或状态，强调过去的动作或状态对现在造成的影响。
2017高考非谓语动词语法填空和改错精练
非谓语动词一、区分简单句与复合句，判断式谓语动词还是非谓语动词1.That was definitely not an attractive idea, so I politely declined herinvitation, _____(close) my book and walked away.2.We also have to consider the feeling of the person_______( receive) the gift.3.Although he has been told many times, he still (make) the same mistake.4.He won the first prize and (surprise) all of us.3. With so many people (communicate) in English every day, it will become more important to have a good knowledge of English.4. Nowadays, almost everyone_ (realize) that smoking is harmful to people’s health.5. There (be) no bus, I had to walk home.6. (spend) more time on your study, and you are likely to make bigger progress.7. (spend) more time on your study is necessary for you to make progress in study.8. He totally devoted himself to science study, which (make) his family very upset.9. what the shop (sell) now attracts a lot of customers.10. The belief is that everyone (depend) on themselves, and the choice they make is of great importance.二、判定为谓语动词，则去看它在句中所起的作用--名词（主，宾，表）；定语；或者状语考点突破一、单句填空：用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
2017年高考语法填空题
1.（2017.湖南)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）1.______a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 2.______(effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They arerequired3.______(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt4.______(remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 5.______result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 6.______(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 7.______(be) full of fat and salt; by 8.______(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 9.______(care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 10.______is not good for the health.分析本文讲述了医学界引领了一种低脂少盐的食品业潮流，谁知却带来了违背初衷的副作用--超重和心脏病．原来是因为脂肪和盐是人体消化食物所需的成分，没有了它们，人们就会因此吃更多的东西来弥补，而且会吃更多垃圾食品．因此我们需要适当摄入脂肪和盐分，但也不要太多，否则也不利于健康．分析本文讲述了医学界引领了一种低脂少盐的食品业潮流，谁知却带来了违背初衷的副作用--超重和心脏病．原来是因为脂肪和盐是人体消化食物所需的成分，没有了它们，人们就会因此吃更多的东西来弥补，而且会吃更多垃圾食品．因此我们需要适当摄入脂肪和盐分，但也不要太多，否则也不利于健康。
非谓语动词考点归纳
非谓语动词考点归纳一、考点归纳非谓语动词是整个高中阶段的重点语法项目，也是高考的必考点，出题形式主要体现在语法填空与写作上。
非谓语动词的主要考点有：考点一：不定式和动名词作主语1. 不定式表示具体或者一次性的动作，而动名词表示一般或习惯的概念。
2. 在写作中，动词不定式和动名词作主语常用it作形式主语，把作真正主语的不定式和动名词短语移到句末，以使句子平衡。
考点二：不定式、动名词和分词作表语1. 动词不定式作表语表示具体或即将发生的动作，而动名词表示习惯动作或者一般概念，或说明主语的内容。
2. 现在分词与过去分词在句中作表语其实就相当于形容词作表语。
现在分词常译为“令人……的”，一般形容事物；过去分词译为“感到……的”多用来形容人。
常见的动词有interest，excite，thrill，frighten，surprise，shock，confuse，puzzle，please，bore等。
考点三：不定式和动名词作宾语1. 后面只能接动名词作宾语的动词主要有：finish，avoid，suggest，consider，appreciate，admit，delay 等。
2. 只能接动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：refuse，demand，agree，manage，decide，fail，intend，dare，offer，pretend，promise，expect等。
3. 既可接动名词又可接动词不定式（意思不同）的动词主要有：stop，go on，regret，remember，forget，try，mean等。
4. 接动名词表示被动意义的动词主要有意为“需要”的require，want和need等。
考点四：不定式和分词作宾语补足语1. 接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词主要有：tell，ask，expect，inspire，encourage，allow，remind，persuade，require，force，forbid等。
非谓语动词常考考点解析
非谓语动词常考考点解析非谓语动词在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语，在做相关的语法填空题时，很多学生因不能准确地判断出非谓语动词作何种句子成分，从而不能做出正确的选择。
本文的目的是在帮助学生认清非谓语动词作何种句子成分的同时，掌握非谓语动词的常考考点。
一、______(动词)......+谓语......1.____(read) widely plays an important part in learning English.2.______(go) to town tomorrow is necessary.3._____(injure) in the leg made it impossible for me to walk as fast as usual.遇到这种结构，说明所填动词作主语，要用to do或doing。
to do表示具体的某一次动作，尤其是将来动作；doing表示经常性、习惯性动作或已经发生的动作。
答案：1. Reading 2. Going 3. Being injured注意：to do和doing作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语to do 或doing放到后面。
常用结构有：It’s no use/useless/no good doingIt be +形容词+for/of sb. to doIt takes (sb.) some time to do二、动词(动词短语)_____(动词)……这种结构中的动词是作宾语的，一般要填doing 或to do。
1.They all avoided ______(mention) that name.答案: mentioning解析：只能以doing形式作宾语的动词可以用“meipskarf”这几个字母来记，音译为“妹不食咖啡”。
具体单词如下：m代表：mind, misse代表enjoy , escape, excusei代表imaginep 代表permit, practises代表spend, stand , suggestk代表keepa代表avoid，advise , allow, appreciater代表riskf代表fancy, finish另外，consider表示考虑时后面也跟-ing作宾语。
2017高考英语一轮复习5非谓语动词含解析
………………………………………………………………………………………………基础组A。
单句填空（每小题1.5分，共15分，限时8分钟）1．[2016·武邑中学预测］________ (judge) from his accent, he is from the south of China.答案Judging [句意：从他的口音来判断，他来自中国南方。
Judging from作独立状语。
］2．[2016·衡水二中模拟］________（struggle）with depression，eating disorders and alcohol abuse for years，he now understands how important being healthy is。
答案Having struggled ［句意:在与抑郁、进食障碍和酗酒抗争多年后,他现在知道了健康的重要性.此题考查非谓语动词作状语。
struggle与句子主语为逻辑上的主动关系;又因为struggle表示的动作应发生在understands之前，所以用现在分词的完成式，故填Having struggled。
］3．［2016·枣强中学期末］________(give) a push，an object will move forward and do work。
答案Given [句意:施加一个推力,物体就会向前移动并做功。
主语an object与give之间为被动关系，且表示条件，故用过去分词作状语。
]4．[2016·衡水二中仿真]Former Chinese premier Zhu Rongji is said________ （donate) nearly 40 million yuan of all of his book's royalty(版税）income over the past two years.答案to have donated ［句意：据说中国前总理朱镕基在过去的两年里捐出了他所有著作版税收入的近4千万元。
高考语法填空考点汇编：非谓语动词(真题+答案解析)
高考语法填空考点汇编（非谓语动词）1. [2021浙江卷1月] In 1985, urban men and women in more than threerural areas.2. [2021浙江卷1月] This maybe due to some disadvantages for3. [2020课标I] Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboardwishes for new beginnings.5. [2020课标II] They make great gifts and you see them manywell-known painter.8. [2020课标III] And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft9. [2020山东卷] Visitors can play with computer simulations（模拟）anda rainforest.10. [2020浙江卷1月] The median（中位数的）age of an American in11. [2020浙江卷1月] The first is declining birth rates, which means old12. [2020浙江卷7月] Agriculture gave people their first experience of the13. [2020浙江卷7月] Later, they learned to work with the seasons, planting at溉）their fields.14. [2019课标I ] Modem methods aremay be congregating（聚集）around human settlements.dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them.19. [2018课标I ] You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your20. [2018课标I ] To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises21. [2018课标II] The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve)water quality.22. [2018课标II]China’s approach to protecting its environmentpolicymakers worldwide,” says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.23. [2018课标III] I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel 65 (challenge).24. [2018浙江]I still remember 59 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years.25. [2018浙江] Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) and watch.recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.fat than they need in their diet.28. [2017课标II] This included digging up the road, 63 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.29. [2017课标III] B ut unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest).30. [2017课标III] But Sarah wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.31. [2016课标I ] But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.32. [2016课标I ] My ambassadorial duties will include 67 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus panda sat Chengdu.33. [2016课标II] If you find something you love doing outside of the office,34. [2016课标III] Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and35. [2016课标III] People probably cooked their food in large36. [2015课标I ] A study of travelers 68 __________ (conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.37. [2015课标I ] A travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people 70 _______(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.38. [2015课标II] The adobe dwellings（土坯房）61 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.39. [2015课标II] What makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without 64 (use) electric equipment.40. [2015课标II] When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66 (cool) the house during the hot day.41. [2014课标I ] It took years of work 65 (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.42. [2014课标II] While there are 68 (amaze)stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.43. [2014课标I] One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried44. [2014课标I] A nd some of them looked very anxious and 63 (disappoint).答案解析1. [2021浙江卷1月] In 1985, urban men and women in more than threerural areas.studied。
高考英语语法填空分类汇总 谓语 非谓语
高考英语语法填空分类汇总谓语非谓语语法填空—谓语动词注意:所填的空为动词时，先判断是否是谓语动词，然后按语态、时态、主谓一致的思路做题真题再现1.(2017全国Ⅰ卷·64) When fat and salt are removed (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.主语fat and salt 与remove是被动关系，要用被动语态；由主句谓语tastes可知，用一般现在时；主语是两者，为复数2. (2017全国Ⅰ卷·67) Even worse, the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food is (be) full of fat and salt.主语是第三人称单数，由上下文可知用一般现在时3. (2017全国Ⅱ卷·65) Steam engines were used (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke andnoise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success…Steam engines与use是被动关系，又是过去的动作，主语是复数，4. (2017全国Ⅱ卷·68) Later,engineers managed (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube.根据上下文谓语动词的时态可知5. (2017全国Ⅲ卷·63)Sarah has been told/wastold (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time.由tell sb sth可知要用被动语态，由语境可知，应是“已有人告诉她”或“曾有人告诉她”，6. (2017全国Ⅲ卷·69)My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at that moment, school comes (come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling.由上下文的时态可知，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故填comes。
(完整word版)【最高考】2017届高考语法填空非谓语动词常考点.docx
专题四非谓语动词常考点非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。
非谓语动词一直是高考中的热点。
解答非谓语动词的题目时，一定要解析句子结构，确定所设空是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，以及非谓语动词在句子中充当的功能( 如状语、定语或宾补 ) ；找准相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系( 主动还是被动) ；搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式。
非谓语功能形式主动式doing动名词具有名词功能，常在句中作被动式being done 主语，宾语having done/having完成式been done现在表主动和正在进行，常在一般式doing分词句中作定语，状语，宾补完成式having done过去表被动和已完成，常在句中一般式done 进行式being done分词作定语，状语，补语完成式having been done表将来具体某一次，常在句一般式to do/to be done动词进行式to be doing 中作主语，定语，状语，补不定式to have done/to have 语，宾语等完成式been done1动名词和不定式作主语①如果表语是不定式，主语也是不定式；表语是动名词，主语也是动名词。
如：To see is to believe.＝Seeing is believing.②动名词作主语的句型。
如：It is no use/no good/useless doing sth.It is a waste of time doing(也可用It is a waste of time to do)③动词不定式和动名词的复合结构：动词不定式的复合结构有两种：It is difficult/easy/possible/necessary/...for sb. to do sth.和It is kind/wise/foolish/considerate/...of sb. to do。
语法填空之非谓语动词
特殊2：介词后+V-ing
真题回顾
4.Fast food is full of fat and salt; by __e_a_ti_n_g_ (eat)
more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.（17全国1卷）
Li Hua
L_e_a_rn_i_n_g (learn) that you feel depressed, I’m
被动
3. (2018安徽宿州) _F_o_r_b_i_d_d_e_n_ (forbid) during
China’s last feudal(封建的)dynasty, Hanfu
clothing has been little known to the public for
many decades.
总结发现1 非谓__语__动__词__形式
d_o__in_g_ 主动/进行 _d_o_n_e_ 被动/完成 _to__d_o_ 目的/将来
语法填空中非谓语动词的常规三步走
括号提示动词
辨别
谓 与 非谓
寻找
逻辑主语
判断
主动/被动
1. (2018福建福州)A hutong is a kind of ancient street in Beijing. __S_u_r_r_o_u_n__d_in__g(surround) the Forbidden City, many were built during the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties.
quite pleased, _t_h_i_n_k_i_n_g_ ( think ) his mother
高考英语非谓语动词之八大考点
分词作表语时，我们要看分词与主语的关系：若是主谓 关系，用现在分词；若是被动关系，用过去分词。遇到这种 考点时，要特别注意使动词（ 如 amuse、bore、disappoint、 excite、fascinate、freeze、frighten、horrify、inspire、interest、
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时要根据其与前面的逻辑主语的关系进行判断：主动则用现 在分词，被动则用过去分词。
（2015 年江苏卷）Much time (spend) sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems（. 本 题句意为：因为上班族在桌子前坐得太久，所以他们普遍受 到健康问题的困扰。句中没有连词，逗号后面是一个完整的 句子，因此前面只能使用独立主格结构，加上逻辑主语 time 与动词 spend 含有被动关系，由此可知正确答案应为表示被 动意义的过去分词 spent。）
高考中的语法填空这一题型如何考查非谓语动词呢？ 语法填空题对非谓语动词的考查其实集中在八个方面，而 这八个考点也是围绕着非谓语动词的六种功能生成的。因此 本文所叙之考点基本是按照功能类别来罗列。
解题前提：辨出非谓语 首先，这里有必要强调一下谓语动词与非谓语动词的 区分，因为这是本文存在的前提。 如何区分非谓语动词呢？顾名思义，一个句子中，如 果已经有谓语动词，那么其他动词应该就是非谓语动词。笔 者用真题来考查一下大家： （2015 全 国 卷 II）When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough (cool) the house during the hot day; at the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle (go) day after day... (to cool; goes) 该题考了两个动词，但是只有一个是非谓语。因为后 空所在句子不存在其他动词，所以可以判定后空给定动词 就是谓语动词。而前空所在句子已经有谓语动词 are，因此 这空填的就是 cool 的非谓语形式。 能够区分谓语动词与非谓语动词，我们就可以进入非 谓语动词的考点剖析。
2017届高考英语二轮复习第1部分提升语法运用第2讲非谓语动词
第二讲非谓语动词1．(2016·高考全国乙卷语法填空)I was the first Western TV reporter (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.2．(2016·高考全国乙卷语法填空)My ambassadorial duties will include (introduce) British v isitors to the 120plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.3．(2016·高考全国甲卷语法填空)If you find something you love doing outside of the office，you'll be less likely (bring) your work home.4．(2016·高考全国丙卷语法填空)Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal (create) special designs.5．(2016·高考全国丙卷语法填空)The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots， (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it.6．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough (cool)the house during the hot day.7．(2015·高考陕西卷短文改错)．..I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.8．(2014·高考陕西卷短文改错)One evening at sunset，we sat by the fire，have our barbecue.9．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people (live)in Shanghai and Hong Kong.10．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)A study of travelers(conduct)by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.11．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)The adobe dwellings(土坯房)(build)by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.12．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without (use)electric equipment.13．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)One morning，I was waiting at the bus stop，worried about (be)late for school.14．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，but he refused (stop)until we reached the next stop.15．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)It took years of work(reduce)the industrial pollution and clean the water.答案：1.permitted 2.introducing 3.to bring 4.to create ing 6.to cool 7.just后加to 8.have→having9．living 10.conducted 11.built ing 13.being14．to stop 15.to reduce1．巧记三种非谓语动词作状语的基本区别(1)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，且正在进行，要想到用现在分词形式(doing)；(2)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是被动关系，且表完成，要想到用过去分词形式(done)；(3)若非谓语动词表将来的动作，作状语表示目的，在喜怒哀乐的形容词后作原因或意料之外的结果等要想到用不定式形式(to do)。
【语法指导】谓语动词和非谓语动词在短文语法填空中考查指导
谓语动词和非谓语动词在短文语法填空中考查指导动词的形式————找到薄弱点才是努力点Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)They are required to_process (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.2．2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)When fat and salt are_removed (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Fast food is (be) full of fat and salt; by eating (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.4．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)This included digging up the road, laying (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.5．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Later, engineers managed (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube.6．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term resting (rest)．7．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Sarah was_told (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year.8．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to_prove (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.9．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But at the moment, school comes (come) first.I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling.Ⅱ.单句改错1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, but once I started the car, my mind goesblank.goes→went2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeating the words，“Speed up！”“Slow down！”“Turning left！”Turning→Turn3．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, which is on the rooftop of their house.interesting→interested4．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)When summer came, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables！came→comes;_pick前加to 5．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.took→taken;_become→became[锁定薄弱点]1．考生因不能判定是填谓语动词还是非谓语动词而失分。
2017高考英语知识点总结：非谓语动词
2017高考英语知识点总结：非谓语动词 2017高考英语知识点总结：非谓语动词非谓语动词包括别定式、动词ing和过去分词等几种形式，这是历年高考必考内容，每年都会有1-2题涉及该部分要点。
考点集中在：非谓语动词作定语的区不;动名词和别定式作宾语的用法比较;如今分词和过去分词的用法比较;特定句型中非谓语动词的用法等。
【高考考点透视】1.非谓语动词的构成和语法功能及用法对照。
2.非谓语动词的完成式、被动式的用法和特点。
3.非谓语动词的复合结构及否定形式。
4.别定式与动名词，动名词与如今分词，如今分词与过去分词，分词作状语与独立结构等用法对照。
5.别定式和动名词在及物动词后作宾语的区不是考查的热点。
6.过去分词作定语，别定式和分词作宾语补脚语的用法。
7.别定式标志to和介词to的用法推断等。
8.带to与别带to的别定式的用法及区不。
考点一、考查谓语动词与非谓语动词的识不英语句子至少应该包括主语与谓语两部分, 而多数事情下谓语都由动词来充当。
假如对句子成分划分别清，把谓语动词与非谓语动词混淆, 做题效果可想而知。
要克服这一毛病，关键在于正确推断、识不动词在句中是否充当谓语。
如：1. The children (play) _____ the violin over there will goon the stage next week.依照句子结构，我们能够看出这是一具简单句。
主语是The children，谓语部分是will go on the stage，动词play显然在句中别作谓语，应用非谓语动词形式。
依据play与它的逻辑主语children之间的主动关系以及拉小提琴动作正在举行，能够推断用如今分词作定语修饰children，意为“正在那边拉小提琴的孩子”，因而正确答案为playing。
考点二、考查作状语的非谓语动词的辨析作状语的非谓语动词要紧考查其各种形式的辨析，即是挑选动词别定式、如今分词依然过去分词作状语, 别同的状语对非谓语动词的要求别同。
非谓语动词在高考中的考点及易错点
非谓语动词在高考中的考点及易错点一．非谓语题的解题总方法与思路：1.先看四个答案：如果四个答案分别为动词原形、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等情况,那么这个题多半是非谓语动词题;2.看符号：中间有个逗号,末尾有个句号有时中间没有逗号；3.看有没有连接词引导词;如果用逗号隔开的两个部分都没有连接词的话,一部分是句子时,那么另一部分就一定是非句子,而非句子里的动词就是非谓语动词;4.定语态：如果本句的主语或动词自带的逻辑主语与它是逻辑上的主谓关系,那么答案一般用Ving形式；如果本句的主语或动词自带的逻辑主语与它是逻辑上的动宾关系被动关系,那么答案一般用Ved形式;5.定时态：如果非谓语的动作比谓语先或先很久发生,那么非谓语动词要用完成式to have done/to have been done/ having done/ Having been done,否则我们要用非谓语的一般式to do / to be done / doing / being done / done;Eg.for an hour by his teacher, the boy felt depressed.A. Being scoldedB. Having been scoldedC. To be scoldedD. Scolding 1答案：B 二．非谓语动词可能出现的考查点及易错点：一．使用非谓动词的语言结构;1 在“句子, and/or/but +句子”的并列句结构中,可能会考查“以动词原形开头”的祈使句,四个答案表面上象非谓语,其实考查的是谓语;and you will succeed in the exam.or you will fail in the exam.A. StudyB. To studyC. StudyingD. Studied 2、3答案：AA2 在“句子,非句子”结构中,非句子部分用非谓语：4. The teacher devoted his life to his career, ______ most of his students successful in study.A. makeB. to makeC. makingD. made 4答案：C3 在“非句子,句子”结构中,非句子部分用非谓语：5. _________with children, I know what is needed most.A. WorkingB. Having workedC. WorkedD. To work 5答案：B4 在“with + 宾语+ 宾语补足语”结构中,宾语补足语可能用非谓语动词：6. With her baby _______ on her back, the woman was cleaning the rich man’s house.A. sleepB. sleptC. to sleepD. sleeping 6答案：D7. With his hair _______ like a role in the film, the boy felt very cool.A. cutB. to be cutC. cuttingD. to cut 7答案：B5 在drive/leave/keep/make/have/let/get/find/hear…等使让动词或感观动词后面作宾语补足语时,也可能用非谓语动词;8. He made his sister ______ by taking away her toy.9. His sister was made _______ by his taking away her toy.A. cryB. to cryC. cryingD. cried 8、9答案：A B10. the policeman found the thief ______ his hand into an old man’s pocket and arrested him.A. putB. puttingC. to putD. being put 10答案：B二. 非谓语动词考点易错点：1 表面上考分词,实际上考形容词的情况：, he fell asleep quickly.A. TireB. TiringC. TiredD. To tire 11答案：Cman won a big prize, __________and ________.A. surprised ; happyB. surprising ; happyC. surprised ; pleasantD. surprising ; pleased 12答案：A13. _______ in thought of the problems, the man didn’t realize his girlfriend’s coming in.A. LosingB. LostC. To loseD. Having lost 13答案：B14. The students ________ in art can sign in the form and be a member of our school.A. interestB. interestingC. interestedD. To interest 14答案：C2 在“被动形式表主动”情况中出题：15. __________ a white skirt, the girl looks like an angel.A. WornB. wearC. dressed inD. dressing 15答案：Cwear的后面加衣服；dress表示动作时,后面要加人而不加衣；be dressed in是固定搭配,其中的dressed已经演变成形容词,本是其实可以看成是when the girl is dressed in a white skirt 省略而来的;16. _______ in an armchair, he is always surfing online, eating fish and chips.A. SitB. SatC. SeatingD. Seated 16答案：DSit是动词,这里应该用sitting; seat作动词时,其后不加凳子,要加人,而且这个词一般用被动形式表示主动意义;3 在“主动形式表被动”的情况中出题：tired and weak, the woman should have a day off to see a doctor.A. LookB. LookingC. LookedD. Looking 17答案：Dlook在本题中不是实意动词,而是感观系动词,系动词在非谓语中用主动式表被动;18. With many problems ________ ________ , the newly selected president will have a hard time.A. remain; unsettledB. remaining; unsettledC. remained ; unsettlingD. remained; unsettling 18答案：B用with开头的部分在这里是一个介词短语,不是句子,因此用非谓语,而remain表示“仍然；仍然是”时是系动词,只能用主动形式；problems与unsettle是动宾关系或被动关系,所以用过去分词unsettled.19. Having some clothes ___________, I cannot join you to see the film.A. to washB. to be washedC. washed D . washing 19答案：A宾语补足语中的动词用非谓语动词；虽然衣服应该是被洗,但是当句子主语与不定式为主谓关系时,我们用主动形式表被动;20. _________ smooth, this kind of pen sells well in our school.A. To writeB. WritingC. being writtenD. Written 20答案：B｛20解析：动词如果不是表示动作,而是表示物体具有某种性质或特征时,往往用主动形式表示被动;｝4从“主语一致或主语不一致”角度出题：逗号分开的前后两部分有时逻辑主语一致,有时逻辑主语不一致;逻辑主语不一致时,非谓语动词一般要自带逻辑主语,这种现象叫做“分词的独立主格结构;”21. _________ from this angle, the mountain looks like a face of a man.A. To seeB. SeeingC. SeenD. Saw 21答案：C｛21解析：空格处的动词本身没有带主语,那么本句的主语the mountain就要做其逻辑主语,由于the mountain与see是动宾关系,所以我们选用过去分词;｝22. _______, I'll go there with you tomorrow afternoon. 22答案：CA. Time permitsB. If time permittingC. Time permittingD. Time's permitting｛22 解析：permit与I没有主谓关系,也没有动宾关系,permit自带了逻辑主语time“时间允许的话”,而time与permit为逻辑上的主谓关系,所以用现在分词的独立结构;｝三）注意的几点：1）有些分词有时可作分词有时又可作形容词;23. _________ enemy, Liu Hunan was very brave. 23答案C24. _________ with difficulties, we should not give in.24答案BA. To faceB. FacedC. FacingD. face｛23、24解析：23题中的face是一个动词,由于与Liu Hunan是逻辑上的主谓关系,我们用现在分词形式,；24题中实际上考查了be faced with这一固定搭配,其中的faced看成形容词;｝25. The president of South Africa flied to Libya, ______ to help solve the crisis.26. The president of South Africa flied to Libya, ______ at helping solve the crisis.A. aimB. aimingC. aimedD. to aim 25选B 26选C｛25、26解析：25题考查了动词aim to do sth.旨在做某事,；26题考查固定搭配be aimed at doing sth. 旨在做某事其中的aimed看成形容词｝27. Though _______ money, his parents sent him to a key university.28. Though _______ in money, his parents sent him to a key university.29. Though in _____ of money, his parents sent him to a key university.A. lackB. lackingC. lackedD. to lack 27选B、28选B、29选A｛27、28、29解析：27题中非谓语动词lacking与his parents及money分别构成逻辑上的主谓关系和动宾关系；28题中考查了固定搭配：be lacking in“缺少”,其中的lacking 为形容词；29题考查了固定搭配介宾结构in lack of“缺少”,其中的lack是名词,这其实是由though his parents were in lack of money省略了主语和were而业的｝2）作结果状语时,doing与onlyto do的区别;表示结果状语时,现在分词v+ing表示意料之中的结果；而不定式to do/ only to do表示意料之外的结果：30. His parents were killed in the accident,thus _______ him an orphan.A. leaveB. leavingC. leftD. to leave 30选B｛30解析：他父母出了事故,他变成了孤儿就是意料之中在事情了,用现在分词表结果状语;｝31. I hurried to school, only _______ that it was Sunday. 31选DA. findB. findingC. foundD. to find｛31解析：发现是星期天是我匆忙赶到学校意料之外的结果,说明我忘记了,如果我知道是星期天就不可能还匆忙地赶到学校了;用不定式表意料之外的的结果;｝3）作主语时,非谓语动词之to do 与doing 的区别;32. _________is a good form of exercise for both young and old. 32选BA. The walkB. WalkingC. To walkD. Walk｛不定式做主语常表示具体的一次性的动作;动句词表示一般的经常性的动作,多次散步才会有利于健康;｝4）演变成了介词或连词的分词;英语中有些词表面上看是分词,但实际上已经变成了介词,因此应该用ing形式还是分词ed 形式已经变得约定俗成了;这时往往不适用非谓动词规则,而是看英美人士的习惯;33. ___________her age,she looks quite young．A．Consider B. Considered C. To consider D. Considering｛33解析：题意是：“就她的年龄而论,她显得十分年轻;”这里的considering表示“考虑到；鉴于”,它已经变成了介词,不管是“考虑还是被考虑”这里都用considering;｝高中阶段我们还学过的有：5）有些非谓语动词是省略而来的,有些则不是;34. ______ by her mother, the girl burst into tears. 34选BA. Be scoldedB. ScoldedC. ScoldingD. To scold｛34解析：scold与the girl是动宾关系,因此用过去分词作原因状语；其实这个句子也是由一个完整的原因状语从句省略来的;原句为：Because the girl was scolded by her mother, the girl burst into tears.当主从复合句的主语一致,且谓语动词里有be 动词时,可以把“连词+主语+be”部分省略;｝35. ____________ the tomb for 5 years, he is now called an expert more or less. 35选BA. StudyingB. Having studiedC. Having been studiedD. To study｛35解析：逗号前面部分不是句子省略而来,由于he 与study是逻辑上的主谓关系,加上study在先有5年了,被叫做“专家”在后,所以用非谓语动词的主动完成式｝6）“连词+分词”和“介词+动名词”的区别;36. if _________ another hour, I would have finished it better.give的恰当形式填空;37. While _________ homework, the boy likes listening to light music.do的恰当形式填空｛6、37解析：是由if I had been given another hour省略来的,if 在省略前省略后都是连词；是由while the boy are doing homework省略来的,while在省略前后都是连词｝38. After __________ , he found a job as a secretary in a company.graduate的恰当形式填空39. Before_________ a proper person to be the new president, the old president wouldn’t resign.select的恰当形式填空｛38、39解析：38. graduating/graduation after 这时是个介词,所以后面总是用动名词,如果改为after he graduated,那么这个after就变成了连词;39题中的before用法与after 一样,后面加句子时,是连词,后面只加一个动词时,要用动名词形式,并充当介词;所以39填selecting｝非谓语动词专练：1. While watching television, ____________.A. the doorbell rangB. we heard the doorbell ringC. there was someone knocking at the doorD. we heard the doorbell rung 2．China is known greatly in terms of its cultural values over the past few years.A．to change B．having changed C．changing D．to have changed3．I’m afraid we’ll have to work extra hours, for there are still some problems．A．remaining to settle B．remaining to be settledC．remained to talk about D．to remain to discuss4. We tried hard, and eventually, we were able to get Mike ____us his car just for a day.A. lendingB. lendC. to lendD. lent5．The local government is trying all out to find out who is the forest fire．A．to blame for starting B．to blame to startC．to be blamed for starting D．to be blamed to start6．The railway bridge ____ by 2012 will provide a faster route to transport goods．A．to be completed B．is completedCpleted D．being completed7．All the class except Eddie, who is ill,____there．A．were expecting going B．is expected to goC．was expecting going D．are expected to go8. The Haiti earthquake at the beginning of 2010 is believed _______ more than 100,0130 peopleand makes millions homeless, ______ it perhaps the most destroying earthquake in history.A. to kill; makingB. to have killed; makingC. having killed; to makeD. killing; made 9．I only know we will have a League meeting, but I have no idea when _________ it．A．shall we have B．will we have C．to have D．having10. —What are you busy with—The conference______in our city next week, as you know.A. heldB. will be heldC. be holdingD. to be held11. An air France jet is reported in the Atlantic Ocean with 228 peopleaboard,the airline’s worst disaster in its 75-year history．A．to have crashed B．to have been crashedC. having crashed D．having been crashed12. Her husband and she are now at work on a new dictionary ______ next year.A. to publishB. being publishedC. publishedD. to be published13．The 2010 World Expo _____ in Shanghai is expected to attract more than 70 million visitors from home and abroad.A. to holdB. to be heldC. heldD. to be holding14. When the telephone rang, I happened______in the kitchen, but when I came over to get it, it rang off.A. to cookB. to have cookedC. to be cookingD. having cooked15 — I'm wondering why the visitors chose to stay w ith the host family.— _____real local life.A. ExperiencingB. ExperienceC. To experienceD. Having experienced16. –Why do you want the radio so much-- to the news, sir.A. ListeningB. ListensC. ListenedD. To listen17. The government has done everything it can the buried miners.A. to saveB. savingC. saveD. saved18. people have food and water, the government has sent enough supplies to quake-hit Yushu.A. Make sureB. To make sureC. Making sureD. Made sure19．Our teachers often tell us, “the harder you study, the more questions you will thinkof ．”A．asking B．to ask C．being asked D．to be asked20. To greatly raise people’s living conditions, _______.A. all kinds of measures have takenB. they have taken all kinds of measuresC. it is said that they have taken all kinds of measuresD. I think they have taken all kinds of measures21. ______ the growing number of patients, the clinic had to extend its service from five days toseven days a week.A. To accommodateB. AccommodatingC. Being accommodatedD. Accommodated22. Ted and his friends established a website offering useful information about thunderstorms______ similar accidents happening.A. preventB. preventingC. to preventD. prevented23. _______ more about Participant Service of Expo 2010, Shanghai China, call Hotline+86-21-962010.A. To find outB. Finding outC. Find outD. Having found out24. He hurried to the hotel, only _________ his girlfriend had left.A. to tellB. to be toldC. tellingD. told25. _______60 miles a day, you need your mountain bike in a very good state.A. CoverB. CoveredC. To coverD. Having covered26．Our monitor, it clear to us that he didn’t want to waste time playing computer games—left the Internet bar quickly.A．made B．having made C．making D．had made27. _______ by greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.A. DrivenB. Being drivenC. To driveD. Having driven 28．_____ the chapter four times, I finally understood the author's theory．A．Reading B．Having read C．To read D．Read29. –Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.–Sorry, with so much work __________ my mind, I almost break down.A. filledB. fillingC. to fillD. being filled30. The manager, ______his factory’s products were poor in quality, decided to give his workersfurther training.A. knowingB. knownC. to knowD. being known31 The 82nd Oscars Academy Awards, ________ the best in film for 2009, was held on Sunday, March 7, 2010.A. to honorB. honoringC. honoredD. having honored 32．The Hotel Al Arab ______ the first and only 7-star hotel in the world was designed in the shape of a sail of 321 meters.A．was considered B．considering C．being considered D．considered 33．In 1888, a major French newspaper announced the death of Nobel in an article ________ “The merchant of death is dead”, which indicated that Nobel was only thought of as one _______ from killing.A. read; profitingB. read; to profitC. reading; profitedD. reading; profiting34. Nowadays, many people about eating habits what they believe.A. take choices; base onB. make choices; based onC. do choices; basing onD. have choices; to base on35. China has a population of billion, ____ it the largest country in the world by population.A. makingB. madeC. makesD. to make36．Three times in a row ,the boxer decided to give up fighting.A．Having defeated B．To have defeatedC．Having been defeated D．To have been defeated37．after a long walk, Henry called and said he couldn’t come for our party．A．Having worn out B．Wearing outC．Worn out D．To be worn out38．According to the report, people in the areas are rebuilding their homes and many roads to the areas have been repaired.A．flooded; lead B．flooding; leadingC．flooding; to lead D．flooded; leading39.－What are on show in the museum－Some pictures ____ by middle-school students.A. takingB. having been taken C . taken D. being takenplan to go abroad for a holiday with all the task _______ahead of time.A. to finishB. finishedC. finishingD. having finished, in some areas the electricity was cut off, ______ residents in 8 counties spend their lunar New Year’s Eve in darkness.A. Making matters worse, makingB. What was worse, to makeC. Worse still, makingD. To make matters worse, to makethe school name on the package, we guessed that it might belong to a student of our school.A. to markB. markingC. markedD. having been marked43. In summer, food will go bad if________in room temperature.A．leaving B．left C．being left D．having left44．Once this city, you’ll find that there is so much surprise waiting for you to discover．A．visiting B．visit C．visited D．to visit45．Subway Line 4, into use in September 2009,has made traveling in Beijing easier．A．having been put B．putting C．being put D．put46. --- Is there any possibility of the film ____ in Paris International Festival--- Not in the least, because the audience generally think little of it.A. trying outB. tried outC. to try outD. being tried out47. With three children school, the couple have to leave their hometown in the countryside and work in big cities throughout the year.A. attendingB. to attendingC. attendedD. being attended48. When I came in, I found Lucy_____ ____ b y the window ______to music.A. seated；listeningB. seated; listenedC. seating ；listenedD. seating ；listening49. You should understand the math problem now, you have had it ________three times.A. explainingB. to explainC. explainedD. explain50．Stella was disappointed to find her new plan and fell into great depression.A．put away B．carried out C．turned down D．left out非谓语专练习题解析1B考查非谓语动词及状语从句的省略;根据watching television可知,主句的主语为“我们”,并且hear后接不带to的不定式作宾补;故选B;2D考查不定式的完成时;根据over the past few years可知动作已经完成;故用不定式的完成时;3B考查非谓语动词的用法;句意：我恐怕不得不加班了,因仍有一些问题有待处理;根据句意问题被解决可知选B;4C考查动词搭配及非谓语动词;此处考查短语get sb to do sth使某人做某事;5A考查非谓语动词的用法;此处to blame用不定式的主动形式表被动；介词for后用动名词; 6A考查非谓语动词的用法;不定式作定语表示将来的动作;7D考查非谓语动词及主谓一致的用法;句意：除了Eddie班里的所有学生都期望去那里;8B;be believed to have done sth．据信已经做了某事；making it perhaps the most destroying earthquake in history．为现在分词短语作结果状语;9．C “wh疑问词+ 不定式”结构作宾语、表语或者同位语,表示将来要做的事情,等于从句：When we shall / will have it;10D考查非谓语动词的用法;根据next week可知选to be held,不定式作定语表示将来的动作;11. A. 此题考查非谓语动词的用法. 据报道,一架装有228名乘客的法国飞机坠落在大西洋,是航空75年的历史上最大的灾难.12D考查不定式作定语;此处to be published作定语,修饰a new dictionary,意为：她和她的丈夫正在编写的明年要出版一本新的词典;13B考查不定式作定语;此处The 2010 World Expo to be held in Shanghai即将在上海举行的世博会;14C考查不定式的进行时;句意：当电话响的时候,我碰巧正在厨房做饭;根据句意选C;15C考查不定式作目的状语;原句可改为：the visitors chose to stay with the host famil y to experience real local life.句意：参观者选择和主人住在一起为了体验真正的当地生活;16D在情景对话中考查不定式作目的状语;原句为：I want the radio so much to listen to the news;此处to listen作目的状语;17A考查不定式作状语;此句can后省略了do,原句结构为：The government has done everything it can do to save the buried miners.18B考查动词不定式作目的状语;句意：为确保人们有食物和饮用水,政府已经向玉树震灾区运输足够的供应物资;19B 考查非谓语动词;此题容易错选asking;因为think of 已经有自己的宾语the more questions,所以选to ask 目的状语,意为“想出更多的问题来问”;20 B分析语境可知,为了提高人民生活水平的逻辑主语应为“他们”,因此应用they做主句主语;不定式做目的状语时,其逻辑主语应为主句主语;21A考查不定式作目的状语;句意：为满足不断增长的病人的要求,诊所不得不把他们的服务由一周五天增加到七天;22C考查不定式作目的状语;句意：泰德和他的朋友们建立一个提供有关雷雨信息的网站以避免类似事故的发生;根据句意选C;23A 考查不定式作状语;此处不定式to find out表目的;24B考查不定式作结果状语;句意：他急匆匆地到达旅馆却意外发现他的女朋友已经离开了;此处不定式作状语表意外的结果;25C 考查不定式作状语;句意：为了每天行60英里,你的山地车需要好的车况;26B考查非谓语动词的用法;本句可改为：Having made it clear to us that he didn’t want to waste time playing computer games,our monitor left the Internet bar quickly;先声明然后再离开,故用现在分词的完成时;考查非谓语动词的用法;此处过去分词短语driven by greater demand of vegetables 作原因状语;28B考查非谓语动词的用法;根据句意：read动作应发生在understand前,故用现在分词的完成时；I 和read之间是主动关系,故用现在分词状语;29B考查非谓语动词及with的复合结构;此处with+名词+现在分词的结构状语; 30A考查非谓语动词的用法;句意：因为懂得他的工厂生产的产品质量差,经理决定让他的员工进修;此句可改为：Knowing his factory’s products were poor in quality, the manager decided to give his workers further training;此处Knowing his factory’s products were poor in quality作原因状语;31B考查非谓语动词的用法;此处The 82nd Oscars Academy Awards与honor之间是主动关系故用现在分词,其可以改写为非限制性定语从句：which honored the best in film for 2009;32D 考查非谓语动词的用法;此处过去分词短语considered the first and only 7-star hotel in the world作定语,修饰the Hotel Al Arab;33D考查非谓语动词的用法;第一空reading作伴随状语；第二空one与profit之间是主动关系,用现在分词作定语;34B考查短语及分词作定语;此处make choices做出选择,eating habits与based on是被动关系,故用过去分词短语作后置定语;35A考查非谓语动词的用法;此处现在分词作结果表示自然的结果;句意：中国有13亿人口,致使它成为世界上人口最多的国家;36C考查非谓语动词的用法;句意：一连三次被打败,那个拳击手决定放弃拳击;根据句意拳击手被打败可知选C;37C考查非谓语动词的用法;此句相当于Because he was worn out after a long walk, Henry called and said he couldn’t come for our party．38D考查非谓语动词的用法;第一空指被洪水袭击的地方,用过去分词表被动；第二空road与lead之间是主动关系,用现在分词作定语;39C 考查非谓语动词的用法;答语是省略句,taken by middle-school students 为过去分词短语作定语,表示一个被动的、已经完成的动作;40B 此题考查with的复合结构;With+名词+过去分词作状语,“所有的任务被完成”,故用过去分词;41C考查独立成分及非谓语动词的用法;句意：更糟糕的是,一些地区断了电,致使八个县的居民在黑暗中过除夕;第一空插入语Worse still；第二空现在分词作结果状语;42C考查过去分词的用法;句意：根据被刻在包裹上的学校名字,我们推测它可能是我们学校的一名学生的;the school name被刻在包裹上,所以用过去分词;考查非谓语动词的用法;句意：在夏天,食物处于室温下会变坏;根据句意食物被放在室温下,故用过去分词;44A考查非谓语动词的用法;句意：一旦你拜访这个城市,你会发现有那么多的惊奇在等着你去发现;You与visit之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词;45D考查非谓语动词的用法;句意：2009年9月被付诸使用的第四条地铁使在北京的旅游更容易;Subway Line 4被使用,所以用过去分词;其相当于非限制性一个定语从句which was put into use in September 2009;46D考查非谓语动词的用法;句意：那部电影有可能在巴黎国际电影节上被试播吗此处the film与try out之间为被动关系;47A考查with的复合结构;此处with+宾语+现在分词作原因状语;因three children与attend 之间为主动关系,故用现在分词;48A考查非谓语动词的用法;第一空过去分词seated作宾补,第二空listening to music作伴随状语;49C考查非谓语动词的用法;此处考查have sth done的结构,此处过去分词explained作宾补;50C考查过去分词作宾补;句意：Stella发现她的新计划被拒绝感到失望;此处考查find sth done结构;。
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专题四非谓语动词常考点非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。
非谓语动词一直是高考中的热点。
解答非谓语动词的题目时，一定要解析句子结构，确定所设空是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，以及非谓语动词在句子中充当的功能(如状语、定语或宾补)；找准相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系(主动还是被动)；搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式。
非谓语功能形式动名词具有名词功能，常在句中作主语，宾语主动式doing被动式being done完成式having done/havingbeen done现在分词表主动和正在进行，常在句中作定语，状语，宾补一般式doing完成式having done过去分词表被动和已完成，常在句中作定语，状语，补语一般式done进行式being done完成式having been done动词不定式表将来具体某一次，常在句中作主语，定语，状语，补语，宾语等一般式to do/to be done进行式to be doing完成式to have done/to havebeen done1动名词和不定式作主语①如果表语是不定式，主语也是不定式；表语是动名词，主语也是动名词。
如：To see is to believe.＝Seeing is believing.②动名词作主语的句型。
如：It is no use/no good/useless doing sth.It is a waste of time doing(也可用It is a waste of time to do)③动词不定式和动名词的复合结构：动词不定式的复合结构有两种：It is difficult/easy/possible/necessary/...for sb. to do sth.和It is kind/wise/foolish/considerate/...of sb. to do。
动名词的复合结构是由名词所有格或“物主代词＋动名词”构成。
在口语和非正式语体中，只要不是作主语，动名词复合结构中的逻辑主语常采用名词通格或人称代词宾格。
如：His coming made me happy.I can't imagine his/him living there alone.④动名词被动式作主语(过去分词不可作主语)。
如：Being exposed to the sunlight for a long time does harm to your skin.完成下列句子：①It's foolish ____________________________(你相信他说的话)．②It's impossible ____________________________(他做这样的事)．③Do you mind ____________________________(我抽烟)?④It's no use ____________________________(你和他争辩)．⑤________(go) abroad is an honour to me.⑥________(take) abroad is an honour to me.⑦________(devote) to his work made him succeed.2动名词和不定式作宾语①下面的动词要求用不定式作宾语：attempt(企图)，afford(负担得起)，demand(要求)，long(渴望)，desire(渴望)，expect，hope，wish，want，swear(发誓)，volunteer(自愿)，offer(提供)，fail(未能)，plan，care(关心，喜欢)，happen(碰巧)，prepare(准备)，learn(学习)，choose(选择)，hesitate(犹豫)，claim(要求)，promise，undertake(承接)，appear(似乎)，seek(寻觅)，refuse(拒绝)，decide(决定)，determine(决定)，manage(设法)，pretend(假装)，agree(同意)，bother(烦恼)，intend(想要)，wait(等待)②下面的动词只能用动名词作宾语：acknowledge(承认)，admit(承认)，deny(否认)，mention(说到，讲到)，tolerate/stand/bear(忍受)，dislike(不喜欢)，advocate(提倡，主)，appreciate(感激，欣赏)，avoid(避免)，enjoy(享受)，envy(嫉妒)，delay(延迟)，postpone(延迟，延期)，escape(逃跑，逃避)，excuse/pardon/forgive(原谅)，fancy(幻想，爱好)，imagine(想象)，favour(造成，偏爱)，mind(介意)，miss(错过)，finish(完成)，resist(抵抗)，risk(冒险)，involve(包含)，practise(实践)，suggest/advise/recommend(建议)，prevent(阻止)，keep(保持)，quit/abandon(放弃，停止)，understand(理解)，include(包括)③后接动名词作宾语的动词短语和句型有：have(no/much/some/...) difficulty/trouble/a hard time(in)，take pleasure in，spend time/money (in)，waste time(in)，be worth，be busy，feel like，be committed to④to作为介词的短语有：look forward to，pay attention to，object to＝be opposed to，be devoted to，stick to，come close to(差一点)，get down to(开始认真做)，get/be accustomed/used to(doing), lead to＝contribute to(sb. doing/being done)⑤allow，permit，forbid，advise，recommend的用法：allow/permit/forbid/advise/recommend＋doingallow/permit/forbid/advise/recommend＋sb.＋to do如：I don't allow smoking in my room.I don't allow him to smoke in my room.用所给词的适当形式填空：①We agreed ________(meet) here but so far she hasn't turned up yet.②The discovery of the new evidence led to the thief ________(catch)．③Janey pretended __________(write) when her mother came in.④I can hardly imagine Peter ________(sail) across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.⑤The doctor advised him ________(stop) smoking.3注意区别下列动词后接不定式和动名词①forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事(此事未做)forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(此事已做过或已发生)remember to do sth. 记得去做某事(未做)remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(已做)②stop to do 停止(某件事)，目的是去做另一件事stop doing 停止正在或经常做的事go on to do 继续(去做另外一件事情)go on doing 继续(原先没有做完的事情)③regret to do sth. 对要做的事感到遗憾(遗憾地要去做某事)regret doing sth. 对过去做过的事或未做过的事感到后悔(后悔做过或未做过某事)④try to do 努力、企图做try doing 试验、试一试某种办法⑤mean to do (人)打算，有意要……mean doing (物)意味着⑥can't help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做某事can't help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事用所给词的适当形式填空：①Don't you remember ________(see) the man before?②I regret ________(inform) you that the meeting has been cancelled.③Let's try ________(do) the work some other way.④I didn't mean ________(hurt) your feeling.⑤I'm so busy that I can't help ________(clean) the house with you.⑥After we finished our homework，we went on ________(review) the new lesson.4不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别①不定式作表语，一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。
动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。
②如果主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。
③过去分词作表语，表示“感到，觉得”，现在分词作表语，表示“令人……”。
此类词有：embarrass，excite，interest，delight，disappoint，encourage，inspire，please，puzzle，satisfy，surprise，worry，convince等。
用所给词的适当形式填空：①His wish is ________(go) abroad.②His hobby is________(collect) stamps.③The most important thing is ________(negotiate) with them about the future of the plant.④What he should do is ________(work) hard.⑤He felt ________(embarrass)．5分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区别①下面的动词要求用不定式作宾补(动词＋宾语＋动词不定式)：ask(请，叫)，tell(告诉)，get(使，让)，prefer(喜欢，宁愿)，like(喜欢)，force(强迫)，press(迫使)，require(要求)，request(请求)，advise(劝告)，pray(请求)，remind(提醒)，beg(请求)，invite(吸引，邀请)，command(命令)，order(命令)，intend(想要，企图)，drive(驱赶)，train(训练)，cause(引起)，instruct(指示)，direct(指导)，warn(告诫)，enable(使能够)，need(需要)，urge(激励，力说)，inspire(鼓舞)，encourage(鼓励)，want(想要)，lead(引起，使得)，teach(教)，wish(希望)。