状语only doing sth 与 only to do sth的区别教学资料
[转载]only的几种特殊用法词语辨析非谓语的常见误用情况
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由于自身的特点和复杂性，非谓语动词是较难掌握语法项目之一，也是各 类考题热点命题方向。非谓语动词内容很多，因此命题的知识点也有很多。各 类考题除了考查非谓语动词的基本功能外，还考查非谓语动词的形式变化以及 动词与非谓语动词的不同搭配等。 易错点回顾： 1. 下面短语中的to是介词，后面只能跟名词或动名词：
五、to作介词（后接名词、动名词）短语一览
be / get / become used to 习惯于 be given to 喜欢；癖好 be related to 与…有关系 be addicted to 沉溺于；对…上瘾 be opposed to 反对 devote oneself to献身于；专心于 be devoted to 致力于；忠诚于 be admitted to 被…录取；准进入 be reduced to 沦为
11. reduce sb to doing sth 使某人沦为做某事
12. give one’s life to doing sth 献身于做某事
13. give one’s mind to doing sth 专心做某事
14. have a dislike to doing sth 厌恶做某事
六、If only 为虚拟语气的一种，表示愿望或一个未实现的条件，多用于感叹 句，其主句常常省略。如：
If only she would marry me! 她要是能和我结婚该多好！ If only he had known about it! 他那时要是知道这件事该多好！ If only you could have been here earlier that day! 要是你那天再早点到这就好了。 If only there were forty-eighty hours in a day. 要是一天有48个小时就好了。
never to do, only to do作结果状语
never to do, only to do作结果状语"never to do, only to do" 是一个常用的英语结构，通常用作结果状语，表示一种出乎意料或与预期相反的结果。
这个结构通常用于表达某件事情的最终结果与预期完全不同。
其中"never" 表示否定，表示不应该或不可能发生的事情没有发生，而"only" 则表示唯一，强调只有一个特定的结果。
下面是一些例子：1.They worked so hard all year, but in the end they were never rewarded, only criticized.他们整年努力工作，但最终没有得到奖励，反而受到了批评。
2.I was never meant to get the job, only to be told that there was no position available.我本不该得到这份工作，结果却被告知没有空缺职位。
3.She never expected to win the race, only to finish it.她从未想过赢得比赛，只想完成比赛。
请注意，这个结构通常用于表达消极的结果，但也可以用于表达积极的结果。
例如：4.I was never meant to become a doctor, only to pursue my passion for science.我从未想过成为一名医生，只想追求我对科学的热情。
1.He tried his best to solve the problem, but in the end he was never able to solve it, only to realize that he was wrong.他竭尽全力解决问题，但最终没有能够解决，只是意识到自己错了。
2.We worked together for months, but in the end we were never able to achieve our goal, only to realize that our plans were unrealistic.我们一起工作了数月，但最终没有能够实现我们的目标，只是意识到我们的计划不切实际。
only to do与 only doing及练习
我“译”高强
1.Tom的父母都去世了，让他变成了孤儿。
1.Tom’s parents passed away together, leaving him an orphan.
2.Tom 匆匆的赶到火车站，结果 the station only to find that the train had left.
Only to do 与only doing区别
only to do与 only doing都可作表示结果的状语，区别是： only to do表示一个与主语愿望相反的或出乎主语意料的 结果，或用来暗示最初的未能实现的动作； only doing表示谓语动词本身的动作造成的结果。 例如： I worked hard, only to fail at last. 我努力工作，结果最后却是失败。 He died, only leaving nothing but debts. 他死了，只留下一身债。
句型精析
————the pop star had gone ,the reporters got to the airport. A only to tell B only to be told C only to have been told D only to have told The thief stole into the house only ___________ by the people there. A.to be caught B. to catch C. catching D. caught Tom lifted a rock only ___________ it ___________ his own feet. A.to drop; on B. drop; to C. dropping; down D. dropped; on
todo与doing作结果状语的区别
travel from one place to another. 中国修建了许多高速公路，使得人们(rén
men)从一个地方到另一个地
第三页，共6页。
to do 作结果状语： 表示(biǎoshì)一种出乎意料的,令
人失望的结果.
A. killed
B. to being killed
2) He hurried to the hotel only ___ the tickets had been sold out.
A. told
B. telling
C. to tell
D. to be told
doing 作结果状语： 表示(biǎoshì)一种自然而然的,
合乎逻辑的结果.
第四页，共6页。
to do ： 出乎意料(chū hū yì liào),
令人失望. doing ： 自然而然, 合乎逻辑.
第五页，共6页。
1) A little plan crashed into a hill, ___ all 5 people in it.
第六页，共6页。
不及格。
He attempted to cover the
facts only to let them out.
第二页，共6页。
doing 作结果(jiē guǒ)状语
His parents died, leaving him an
orphan. 他的父母都去世了，他成了一个孤儿。
Many highways have been built in
todo与doing作结果状语(zhuàngyǔ)的区别
Module-3-Body-Language-and-Non-verbal-Communication-教案
外研版必修四Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbalCommunication 全单元教案课时计划课时1课题Module 3 Body language and non-verbal communication Listening& vocabulary课型New教学目标1. Enable the students to learn how to talk about body language and non-verbial communication.2. Enable the students to learn the different pronunciations between British and American English.重点Enable the students to learn how to talk about body language and non-verbial communication.难点Enable the students to learn how to talk about body language and non-verbial communication.学情分析The Ss can finish the task.教具课件1. A recorder2. A projector3. A computer教法Explanation---guidance---do the exx again教学程序教学内容（引入、例题、练习题、检测题等）师生活动时间分配Step 1 Step Revision1 Proof readingPractice(1) Only in this way ___________ progress in your English. (MET84) (B)A. you makeB. can you makeC. you be able to makeD. will youable to make(2) He is the only one of the students who ___ a winner of scholarship for threeyears. (沪2002春招) (D)A. isB. areC. have beenD. has been(3) Only then ___________ the importance of health. 只有那时我才认识到健康的重要性。
年中考英语复习结果状语todo和doing
to do 和doing作结果状语的区别一、to do 作结果状语，表示一种出乎意料的，令人失望的结果。
其前常有only,but, enough, never修饰，以加强语气，它们也是选用to do 形式的重要标志。
置于句末，不用逗号隔开。
1.He hurried to the hotel only to be told the tickets had been sold out. 他匆忙到宾馆，结果被告之票已售完。
2.Tom attempted to cover the facts only to let them out.Tom想要掩盖真相，结果却欲盖弥彰。
3.He has money enough to spare.他有足够备用的钱。
4.In 2004 he left home never to return.2004年他离开家后就从来都未归。
二、doing 作结果状语; 置于句末，但其前常用逗号隔开。
表示一种自然而然的，合乎逻辑的结果。
A little plane crashed into a hill, killing all 5 people in it.一架小型飞机撞入山中，造成机上5人死亡。
Football is played in more than 80 countries,making it a popular sport. 超过80个国家的人都在踢足球，随之足球变成一项受欢迎的运动。
His parents died, leaving him an orphan.他的双亲去世了，留下他一个孤儿。
练习题：A.findingB. to findC. be foundD. finds2.A.breakB. to breakC. BreakingD. broken3.A.to tellB. tellingC. tellsD. be told4.A.leavingB. to leaveC. to be leftD. leaves5.out.A.to tellingB. be toldC. tellingD. to tell。
不定式在句子中作用
动词不定式(to do)是英语课本中的一个重点。
下面我们对动词不定式做一简要归纳，以帮助同学们学习和参考。
动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成(有时可以不带to)。
其否定形式是“not+动词不定式”(not不与助动词连用)。
它属于一种非谓语动词的形式，在句子中不能充当谓语，没有人称和数的变化，但它可以保留动词的性质，其本身可以带宾语或状语等附加成分（不定式和其附加成分称为不定式短语）。
动词不定式（短语）的句法功能非常广泛，在句中可作主语、宾语、补足语、表语、定语及状语等成分。
一、作主语（1）动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词常常用单数。
例如：To do morning exercises is useful for our health. 做早操有利于我们的健康。
To sweep the floor is my duty every day. 每天打扫地板是我的责任。
（2）如果动词不定式太长，常常用it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语——动词不定式后置。
例如：It took me half an hour to walk there．我走到那儿花了半小时的时间。
It’s important for us to learn English well．对我们来说，学好英语是重要的。
二、作宾语（1）能够接动词不定式作宾语的有ask, agree, beg, decide, determine, fail, hope, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, wish 及would like/love等动词，但finish, enjoy, miss, appreciate, mind, advise, suggest等动词后面通常只能接动名词作宾语。
例如：I hope to visit this place again. 我希望能再度访问此地。
only to do和thus doing做结果状语的用法
Only to do 和 (thus) doing做结果状语的用法Only to do做结果状语，常常表示出人意料的结果；(thus) doing做结果状语，常表示自然而然的结果后者必然的结果。
例如：1.Tom rushed to the train station, only to find thetrain had gone.汤姆慌张的到达火车站，结果却发现火车已经走了。
2.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only tobe told the film stars had left.新闻记者们慌张的到达机场，结构却被告知电影明星们已经离开了。
3.His parents died, leaving him an orphan.他父母去世了，留下他成为孤儿。
4.The train was caught in heavy snow, thus causing thedelay.火车遭遇了暴风雪，因此导致了耽误。
高考链接（2006陕西）He hurried to the booking office， only _____ that all the tickets has been sold out.A. to be toldB. to tellC. toldD. telling答案：A 解析：他慌张的到订票办公室，结果被告知所有的票已经卖完了。
only后接不定式表示出人意料的结果。
（2009上海）A small plane crashed into a hillside fivemiles east of the city, _____all four people on board.A. killedB. killingC. killsD. to kill答案：B 解析：一架小型飞机在这城市以东5公里处坠毁于山坡里, 机上四人全部死亡。
用现在分词做结果状语。
only to do与 only doing及练习
onlydo表示一个与主语愿望相反的或出乎主语意料的结果或用来暗示最初的未能实现的动作
Only to do 与only doing区别
only to do与 only doing都可作表示结果的状语，区别是： only to do表示一个与主语愿望相反的或出乎主语意料的 结果，或用来暗示最初的未能实现的动作； only doing表示谓语动词本身的动作造成的结果。 例如： I worked hard, only to fail at last. 我努力工作，结果最后却是失败。 He died, only leaving nothing but debts. 他死了，只留下一身债。
句型精析
————the pop star had gone ,the reporters got to the airport. A only to tell B only to be told C only to have been told D only to have told The thief stole into the house only ___________ by the people there. A.to be caught B. to catch C. catching D. caught Tom lifted a rock only ___________ it ___________ his own feet. A.to drop; on B. drop; to C. dropping; down D. dropped; on
BAA
接高考
He was busy writing a story, only ______ once in a while to smoke a cigarette. [ 08辽宁]
only的用法
only 的用法only 是一个在英语中出现频率很高的词，它的意思繁多，用法复杂，不少学生常误用。
一、only 用作形容词1. 与the 连用，意为“惟一的”，作定语。
如：John is the only boy in his family.约翰是家里惟一的男孩。
She is the only girl here who knows how to drive a car.她是这儿惟一会开车的姑娘。
Jeremy is the only friend who lives near, all my other friends live far away.杰里米是我惟一住得近的朋友，其余的朋友都住得很远。
2. only 可修饰复数名词，意为“仅有的、惟一的一些”，作定语。
如：They were the only people present.出席的只有他们这些人。
3. 与an 连用，意为“单独的”，作定语。
如：Jim was an only son of his parents.吉姆是他父母的独子。
4. 与the 连用，意为“最好的、最适当的”，作定语。
如：She is the only person for the job.她是做这项工作的最佳人选。
He is the only man for me.对于我来说，他是最合适的人The only thing to do on a hot day is to go swimming.在热天最理想的事就是去游泳。
二、only 用作副词1. 常位于所修饰的动词、短语或从句前，意为“只是、仅仅”。
如：At present we can only wait and see.目前我们只好等一等看。
I only touched it.我只不过摸了它一下。
I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country. 我惟一遗憾的是：我仅有一次生命可以贡献给我的祖国。
only to do sth造句
only to do sth造句Only to do sth是英语中的一个表达方式，它表示某个结果或情况出现了，但这个结果或情况是通过一些不易或不符合预期的方式实现的。
它强调在达成某件事情之前，必须经历一些艰辛的过程或付出一些代价。
本文将介绍Only to do sth的基本用法、语法结构和例句，帮助读者更好地理解和运用这一表达方式。
一、基本用法Only to do sth通常用于句首或句中，表示某个结果或情况出现了，但是这个结果或情况经过了一些艰辛的过程或付出了一些代价。
它可以强调某件事情所需要的难度，或者强调过去失败的尝试。
例如：Only after working hard for several months did he finally pass the exam.（只有经过几个月的努力工作，他才终于通过了考试。
）He traveled to Canada four times, only to be rejected every time.（他四次前往加拿大，每次都被拒绝。
）Only when we work hard can we achieve our goals.（只有我们努力工作，才能实现我们的目标。
）二、语法结构Only to do sth的基本语法结构是only + 状语（表示结果或情况）+ did/have done（助动词）+ 主语 + 表语（动词的过去分词），其中主语和表语可以互换。
例如：Only by working hard did he achieve his dream.（只有努力工作，他才实现了他的梦想。
）Only after failing several times, did herealize the importance of hard work.（只有经历了几次失败，他才意识到努力工作的重要性。
）Only to be left alone, she finally understood the true meaning of love.（只有被孤独地留下，她才终于明白了爱的真正含义。
专题01 高考英语非谓语精品练习(解析版)
高考英语非谓语精品练习选择题部分1.She ran as fast as she could _____ to catch the early bus.A.to hopeB. hopeC. hopingD. hoped【解析】此题的答案是C，其中的现在分词短语hoping to catch the early bus 用作伴随状语。
句意：她快速的跑，目的是为了赶上早班车。
2.Before going overseas he devoted all he could _______ his oral English.A. improveB. to improveC. improvingD. to improving【解析】此题答案选D，注意两点：一是devote ... to ... 是固定搭配，意为"把......贡献给......"；二是其中的to 是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时要用动名词。
3.The target of new technologies is to make life easier, ______ it more difficult.A. not makeB. not to makeC. not makingD. do not make【解析】答案应选B，容易误选C，受题干中的逗号的影响，认为是现在分词表结果的用法。
其实句中的逗号相当于连词and 或but，not to make it more difficult 是对逗号前的不定式to make life easier 的补充说明。
此句的意思是"新技术的目的是为了使生活变得更好”。
4.Once your business becomes international, _____ constantly will be part of your life.A.you flyB. your flightC. flightD. flying【解析】最佳答案为D。
to do与 v-ing作结果状语的区别
V-ing 作结果状语
• a) His parents died, leaving him an orphan.
• 他的父母都去世了，他成了一个孤儿。
• b) Many highways have been built in China, making it easier for people to travel from one place to another.
A. killed B. to kill C. killing D. being killed b) He hurried to the hotel only _D__ the
tickets had been sold out.
A. told B. telling C. to tell D. to be told
不定式to do与V-ing作结果 状语的区别
学大教育凤凰园校区 周瑶瑶
教学目标：
• 1. 了解不定式to do 与V-ing作 结果状语的区别
• 2. 运用所学，处理练习
不定式to do 作结果状语
• a) He studied hard only to fail in the exame.
• 他学习很努力，考试却不及格。 • b） He attempted to cover the facts only
• 中国修建了许多高速公路，使得人们从一 个地方到另一个地方旅行更加便利。
区别：
不定式to do 作结果状语： 表示一种意料之外的结果
V-ing 作结果状语： 表示一种自然而然的结果
Exercises
a) A little plan crashed into a hill, _C__ all 5 people in it.
非谓语动词之 to do和ing的区别(基础教资)
非谓语动词之to do和ing的区别一，作主语时的区别不定式指较具体的行为Ing表示抽象或者泛指的动作（但在实际应用中通常已经可以互换）注意：两者都可以用it作形式主语，但结构不同1）ing词it is + no using/no good/useless/ a waste of time + doing sthThere is no + ing =it is impossible to do sth Eg.it’s no use waiting here.There is no telling why he did so.(there is no knowing/there is no persuading=it is impossible to persuade …)2)to do 不定式It is +adj(n)+(for sb)/(of sb) + to do sthEg. It is very difficult to drive in the mountains.It is a shame to say like that .二，作表语时的区别不定式强调一次具体动作Ing强调抽象行为三，作宾语不定式agree decline 拒绝refuse offer promise choose decide determine attempt intend manage fail ask hope want tend expect desire wish seek plan prepare pretend learn mean dare arrange demand happen intendIng 词admit stand appreciate avoid finish complete consider delay deny suggest enjoy escape forgive keep mind miss practise riskadvise allow permit forbid 或者介词短语的宾语go on insist on , persist in , keep on , take to 喜欢，dream of , get down to , 等等四，作定语不定式后置与修饰词之间有动宾关系必要时要添加介词He is a pleasant fellow to work with .常表示未来发生的动作The man to come our assitance is Mike.在the first, the second , the best, the only thing 等后常加不定式作定语He is always the first to answer questions.Ing词1）多为合成词表中心词的性质Parking lot , sleeping bag, drinking water, cooking oil,。
副词详解
副词详解副词else 用法小议1.表示“别的”“其他的”，主要用法如下：(1)用于much, little, all (=everything)等之后。
如：Not much else is known. 其他的不太很清楚。
There’s little else we can do now.现在我们几乎没什么别的事可做了。
If all else fails, you may be advised to have an operat ion. 如果其他手段都不见效的话，可能建议你动手术。
(2)用于以-one, -body, -thing, -where 结尾的词之后。
如：Nobody else said anything. 再没有人说什么。
Mangan has nothing else. 曼根没有别的东西了。
She sings better than anyone else in her class.她在班里唱得最好。
In that case someone else will come.如是这样，会有别人来的。
This ring cannot be bought anywhere else.这只戒指是在其他地方所买不到的。
We went to the cinema and nowhere else.我们去电影院了，没到别的什么地方去。
(3)用于who, what, where等疑问词之后。
如：Who else was at the party? 晚会上还有谁?What else have you bought? 你还买了些什么?Where else did you go? 你还到什么地方去了?注意，else 通常不放在which 之后。
顺例说一句，else 可与where构成一个新的副词elsewhere，意为“在别处”“到别处”。
如：She may have been sent to work elsewhere.她可能被派到别处工作去了。
不定式用法归纳全
to be lost. (强调物）（谁 lost time不明确）。
B ,There is nothing to do now. （＝We have nothing to do now. ） 现在没事干（强调人）。
There is nothing to be done. （＝We can do nothing now. ） 现在没办法了（强调物）。
（1）I have some work to do
I have a letter to be typed.
to do是前面一个名词（常是人）发出的动作；
to be done不是前面名词（人） 发出的动作，是句子外的 其他人发出的动作。
试比较: Have you anything to do this afternoon?
（2）能带宾补的动词还有 consider sth/sb to be（宾补）, expect sb to do, tell sb to do, want sb to do, warn sb not to do, wish sb to do， invite sb to do等。
区别 I have some work to do（定语，后讲）. （去掉不定式对句义影响不大） The manager get him to finish the task
不定式的时态语态?不定式都表发生在过去或现在的将来目的或结果有各种时态和语态?一般式todotobedone?完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone?进行式tobedoing?完成进行式tohavebeendoing?根据语境来判断该用何种时态和语态?一一般式表示动作通常与句子谓语所表示的动作或状态几乎同时发生或是在它之后发生
不定式的用法教师版
不定式的用法教师版一、不定式的时态和语态很抱歉让你等了那么长时间。
I'm sorry to have kept you waiting so long.很高兴和你一起共事。
I am very glad to be working with you.被给予机会在会上发言我感到荣幸。
I think it's an honor to have been given a chance to speak at the meeting.二、不定式的句法功能1．不定式作主语(1)不定式作主语可以用于句首像那样做是愚蠢的。
To act like that is foolish.(2) 不定式作主语也可以用it 作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式短语置于句末。
并常用于以下句式中：①It＋be＋名词＋to do照顾老人是我们的职责。
It's our duty to take good care of the old.②It takes sb+some time+to do你花了多久完成这个工作？How long did it take you to finish the work?③It＋be＋形容词＋for sb+to do你抽这么多烟对身体很不好。
It is not good for you to smoke so much.注：在句型③中，常用表示客观情况的形容词，如：easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better;the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough④It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋to do把老师说的一切都记下来是不明智的。
It is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says.注：在句型④中，常用careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless , brave, considerate, selfish等表示赞扬或批评的词。
非谓语动词在高考中的考点及易错点
非谓语动词在高考中的考点及易错点一．非谓语题的解题总方法与思路：1.先看四个答案：如果四个答案分别为动词原形、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等情况,那么这个题多半是非谓语动词题;2.看符号：中间有个逗号,末尾有个句号有时中间没有逗号；3.看有没有连接词引导词;如果用逗号隔开的两个部分都没有连接词的话,一部分是句子时,那么另一部分就一定是非句子,而非句子里的动词就是非谓语动词;4.定语态：如果本句的主语或动词自带的逻辑主语与它是逻辑上的主谓关系,那么答案一般用Ving形式；如果本句的主语或动词自带的逻辑主语与它是逻辑上的动宾关系被动关系,那么答案一般用Ved形式;5.定时态：如果非谓语的动作比谓语先或先很久发生,那么非谓语动词要用完成式to have done/to have been done/ having done/ Having been done,否则我们要用非谓语的一般式to do / to be done / doing / being done / done;Eg.for an hour by his teacher, the boy felt depressed.A. Being scoldedB. Having been scoldedC. To be scoldedD. Scolding 1答案：B 二．非谓语动词可能出现的考查点及易错点：一．使用非谓动词的语言结构;1 在“句子, and/or/but +句子”的并列句结构中,可能会考查“以动词原形开头”的祈使句,四个答案表面上象非谓语,其实考查的是谓语;and you will succeed in the exam.or you will fail in the exam.A. StudyB. To studyC. StudyingD. Studied 2、3答案：AA2 在“句子,非句子”结构中,非句子部分用非谓语：4. The teacher devoted his life to his career, ______ most of his students successful in study.A. makeB. to makeC. makingD. made 4答案：C3 在“非句子,句子”结构中,非句子部分用非谓语：5. _________with children, I know what is needed most.A. WorkingB. Having workedC. WorkedD. To work 5答案：B4 在“with + 宾语+ 宾语补足语”结构中,宾语补足语可能用非谓语动词：6. With her baby _______ on her back, the woman was cleaning the rich man’s house.A. sleepB. sleptC. to sleepD. sleeping 6答案：D7. With his hair _______ like a role in the film, the boy felt very cool.A. cutB. to be cutC. cuttingD. to cut 7答案：B5 在drive/leave/keep/make/have/let/get/find/hear…等使让动词或感观动词后面作宾语补足语时,也可能用非谓语动词;8. He made his sister ______ by taking away her toy.9. His sister was made _______ by his taking away her toy.A. cryB. to cryC. cryingD. cried 8、9答案：A B10. the policeman found the thief ______ his hand into an old man’s pocket and arrested him.A. putB. puttingC. to putD. being put 10答案：B二. 非谓语动词考点易错点：1 表面上考分词,实际上考形容词的情况：, he fell asleep quickly.A. TireB. TiringC. TiredD. To tire 11答案：Cman won a big prize, __________and ________.A. surprised ; happyB. surprising ; happyC. surprised ; pleasantD. surprising ; pleased 12答案：A13. _______ in thought of the problems, the man didn’t realize his girlfriend’s coming in.A. LosingB. LostC. To loseD. Having lost 13答案：B14. The students ________ in art can sign in the form and be a member of our school.A. interestB. interestingC. interestedD. To interest 14答案：C2 在“被动形式表主动”情况中出题：15. __________ a white skirt, the girl looks like an angel.A. WornB. wearC. dressed inD. dressing 15答案：Cwear的后面加衣服；dress表示动作时,后面要加人而不加衣；be dressed in是固定搭配,其中的dressed已经演变成形容词,本是其实可以看成是when the girl is dressed in a white skirt 省略而来的;16. _______ in an armchair, he is always surfing online, eating fish and chips.A. SitB. SatC. SeatingD. Seated 16答案：DSit是动词,这里应该用sitting; seat作动词时,其后不加凳子,要加人,而且这个词一般用被动形式表示主动意义;3 在“主动形式表被动”的情况中出题：tired and weak, the woman should have a day off to see a doctor.A. LookB. LookingC. LookedD. Looking 17答案：Dlook在本题中不是实意动词,而是感观系动词,系动词在非谓语中用主动式表被动;18. With many problems ________ ________ , the newly selected president will have a hard time.A. remain; unsettledB. remaining; unsettledC. remained ; unsettlingD. remained; unsettling 18答案：B用with开头的部分在这里是一个介词短语,不是句子,因此用非谓语,而remain表示“仍然；仍然是”时是系动词,只能用主动形式；problems与unsettle是动宾关系或被动关系,所以用过去分词unsettled.19. Having some clothes ___________, I cannot join you to see the film.A. to washB. to be washedC. washed D . washing 19答案：A宾语补足语中的动词用非谓语动词；虽然衣服应该是被洗,但是当句子主语与不定式为主谓关系时,我们用主动形式表被动;20. _________ smooth, this kind of pen sells well in our school.A. To writeB. WritingC. being writtenD. Written 20答案：B｛20解析：动词如果不是表示动作,而是表示物体具有某种性质或特征时,往往用主动形式表示被动;｝4从“主语一致或主语不一致”角度出题：逗号分开的前后两部分有时逻辑主语一致,有时逻辑主语不一致;逻辑主语不一致时,非谓语动词一般要自带逻辑主语,这种现象叫做“分词的独立主格结构;”21. _________ from this angle, the mountain looks like a face of a man.A. To seeB. SeeingC. SeenD. Saw 21答案：C｛21解析：空格处的动词本身没有带主语,那么本句的主语the mountain就要做其逻辑主语,由于the mountain与see是动宾关系,所以我们选用过去分词;｝22. _______, I'll go there with you tomorrow afternoon. 22答案：CA. Time permitsB. If time permittingC. Time permittingD. Time's permitting｛22 解析：permit与I没有主谓关系,也没有动宾关系,permit自带了逻辑主语time“时间允许的话”,而time与permit为逻辑上的主谓关系,所以用现在分词的独立结构;｝三）注意的几点：1）有些分词有时可作分词有时又可作形容词;23. _________ enemy, Liu Hunan was very brave. 23答案C24. _________ with difficulties, we should not give in.24答案BA. To faceB. FacedC. FacingD. face｛23、24解析：23题中的face是一个动词,由于与Liu Hunan是逻辑上的主谓关系,我们用现在分词形式,；24题中实际上考查了be faced with这一固定搭配,其中的faced看成形容词;｝25. The president of South Africa flied to Libya, ______ to help solve the crisis.26. The president of South Africa flied to Libya, ______ at helping solve the crisis.A. aimB. aimingC. aimedD. to aim 25选B 26选C｛25、26解析：25题考查了动词aim to do sth.旨在做某事,；26题考查固定搭配be aimed at doing sth. 旨在做某事其中的aimed看成形容词｝27. Though _______ money, his parents sent him to a key university.28. Though _______ in money, his parents sent him to a key university.29. Though in _____ of money, his parents sent him to a key university.A. lackB. lackingC. lackedD. to lack 27选B、28选B、29选A｛27、28、29解析：27题中非谓语动词lacking与his parents及money分别构成逻辑上的主谓关系和动宾关系；28题中考查了固定搭配：be lacking in“缺少”,其中的lacking 为形容词；29题考查了固定搭配介宾结构in lack of“缺少”,其中的lack是名词,这其实是由though his parents were in lack of money省略了主语和were而业的｝2）作结果状语时,doing与onlyto do的区别;表示结果状语时,现在分词v+ing表示意料之中的结果；而不定式to do/ only to do表示意料之外的结果：30. His parents were killed in the accident,thus _______ him an orphan.A. leaveB. leavingC. leftD. to leave 30选B｛30解析：他父母出了事故,他变成了孤儿就是意料之中在事情了,用现在分词表结果状语;｝31. I hurried to school, only _______ that it was Sunday. 31选DA. findB. findingC. foundD. to find｛31解析：发现是星期天是我匆忙赶到学校意料之外的结果,说明我忘记了,如果我知道是星期天就不可能还匆忙地赶到学校了;用不定式表意料之外的的结果;｝3）作主语时,非谓语动词之to do 与doing 的区别;32. _________is a good form of exercise for both young and old. 32选BA. The walkB. WalkingC. To walkD. Walk｛不定式做主语常表示具体的一次性的动作;动句词表示一般的经常性的动作,多次散步才会有利于健康;｝4）演变成了介词或连词的分词;英语中有些词表面上看是分词,但实际上已经变成了介词,因此应该用ing形式还是分词ed 形式已经变得约定俗成了;这时往往不适用非谓动词规则,而是看英美人士的习惯;33. ___________her age,she looks quite young．A．Consider B. Considered C. To consider D. Considering｛33解析：题意是：“就她的年龄而论,她显得十分年轻;”这里的considering表示“考虑到；鉴于”,它已经变成了介词,不管是“考虑还是被考虑”这里都用considering;｝高中阶段我们还学过的有：5）有些非谓语动词是省略而来的,有些则不是;34. ______ by her mother, the girl burst into tears. 34选BA. Be scoldedB. ScoldedC. ScoldingD. To scold｛34解析：scold与the girl是动宾关系,因此用过去分词作原因状语；其实这个句子也是由一个完整的原因状语从句省略来的;原句为：Because the girl was scolded by her mother, the girl burst into tears.当主从复合句的主语一致,且谓语动词里有be 动词时,可以把“连词+主语+be”部分省略;｝35. ____________ the tomb for 5 years, he is now called an expert more or less. 35选BA. StudyingB. Having studiedC. Having been studiedD. To study｛35解析：逗号前面部分不是句子省略而来,由于he 与study是逻辑上的主谓关系,加上study在先有5年了,被叫做“专家”在后,所以用非谓语动词的主动完成式｝6）“连词+分词”和“介词+动名词”的区别;36. if _________ another hour, I would have finished it better.give的恰当形式填空;37. While _________ homework, the boy likes listening to light music.do的恰当形式填空｛6、37解析：是由if I had been given another hour省略来的,if 在省略前省略后都是连词；是由while the boy are doing homework省略来的,while在省略前后都是连词｝38. After __________ , he found a job as a secretary in a company.graduate的恰当形式填空39. Before_________ a proper person to be the new president, the old president wouldn’t resign.select的恰当形式填空｛38、39解析：38. graduating/graduation after 这时是个介词,所以后面总是用动名词,如果改为after he graduated,那么这个after就变成了连词;39题中的before用法与after 一样,后面加句子时,是连词,后面只加一个动词时,要用动名词形式,并充当介词;所以39填selecting｝非谓语动词专练：1. While watching television, ____________.A. the doorbell rangB. we heard the doorbell ringC. there was someone knocking at the doorD. we heard the doorbell rung 2．China is known greatly in terms of its cultural values over the past few years.A．to change B．having changed C．changing D．to have changed3．I’m afraid we’ll have to work extra hours, for there are still some problems．A．remaining to settle B．remaining to be settledC．remained to talk about D．to remain to discuss4. We tried hard, and eventually, we were able to get Mike ____us his car just for a day.A. lendingB. lendC. to lendD. lent5．The local government is trying all out to find out who is the forest fire．A．to blame for starting B．to blame to startC．to be blamed for starting D．to be blamed to start6．The railway bridge ____ by 2012 will provide a faster route to transport goods．A．to be completed B．is completedCpleted D．being completed7．All the class except Eddie, who is ill,____there．A．were expecting going B．is expected to goC．was expecting going D．are expected to go8. The Haiti earthquake at the beginning of 2010 is believed _______ more than 100,0130 peopleand makes millions homeless, ______ it perhaps the most destroying earthquake in history.A. to kill; makingB. to have killed; makingC. having killed; to makeD. killing; made 9．I only know we will have a League meeting, but I have no idea when _________ it．A．shall we have B．will we have C．to have D．having10. —What are you busy with—The conference______in our city next week, as you know.A. heldB. will be heldC. be holdingD. to be held11. An air France jet is reported in the Atlantic Ocean with 228 peopleaboard,the airline’s worst disaster in its 75-year history．A．to have crashed B．to have been crashedC. having crashed D．having been crashed12. Her husband and she are now at work on a new dictionary ______ next year.A. to publishB. being publishedC. publishedD. to be published13．The 2010 World Expo _____ in Shanghai is expected to attract more than 70 million visitors from home and abroad.A. to holdB. to be heldC. heldD. to be holding14. When the telephone rang, I happened______in the kitchen, but when I came over to get it, it rang off.A. to cookB. to have cookedC. to be cookingD. having cooked15 — I'm wondering why the visitors chose to stay w ith the host family.— _____real local life.A. ExperiencingB. ExperienceC. To experienceD. Having experienced16. –Why do you want the radio so much-- to the news, sir.A. ListeningB. ListensC. ListenedD. To listen17. The government has done everything it can the buried miners.A. to saveB. savingC. saveD. saved18. people have food and water, the government has sent enough supplies to quake-hit Yushu.A. Make sureB. To make sureC. Making sureD. Made sure19．Our teachers often tell us, “the harder you study, the more questions you will thinkof ．”A．asking B．to ask C．being asked D．to be asked20. To greatly raise people’s living conditions, _______.A. all kinds of measures have takenB. they have taken all kinds of measuresC. it is said that they have taken all kinds of measuresD. I think they have taken all kinds of measures21. ______ the growing number of patients, the clinic had to extend its service from five days toseven days a week.A. To accommodateB. AccommodatingC. Being accommodatedD. Accommodated22. Ted and his friends established a website offering useful information about thunderstorms______ similar accidents happening.A. preventB. preventingC. to preventD. prevented23. _______ more about Participant Service of Expo 2010, Shanghai China, call Hotline+86-21-962010.A. To find outB. Finding outC. Find outD. Having found out24. He hurried to the hotel, only _________ his girlfriend had left.A. to tellB. to be toldC. tellingD. told25. _______60 miles a day, you need your mountain bike in a very good state.A. CoverB. CoveredC. To coverD. Having covered26．Our monitor, it clear to us that he didn’t want to waste time playing computer games—left the Internet bar quickly.A．made B．having made C．making D．had made27. _______ by greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.A. DrivenB. Being drivenC. To driveD. Having driven 28．_____ the chapter four times, I finally understood the author's theory．A．Reading B．Having read C．To read D．Read29. –Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.–Sorry, with so much work __________ my mind, I almost break down.A. filledB. fillingC. to fillD. being filled30. The manager, ______his factory’s products were poor in quality, decided to give his workersfurther training.A. knowingB. knownC. to knowD. being known31 The 82nd Oscars Academy Awards, ________ the best in film for 2009, was held on Sunday, March 7, 2010.A. to honorB. honoringC. honoredD. having honored 32．The Hotel Al Arab ______ the first and only 7-star hotel in the world was designed in the shape of a sail of 321 meters.A．was considered B．considering C．being considered D．considered 33．In 1888, a major French newspaper announced the death of Nobel in an article ________ “The merchant of death is dead”, which indicated that Nobel was only thought of as one _______ from killing.A. read; profitingB. read; to profitC. reading; profitedD. reading; profiting34. Nowadays, many people about eating habits what they believe.A. take choices; base onB. make choices; based onC. do choices; basing onD. have choices; to base on35. China has a population of billion, ____ it the largest country in the world by population.A. makingB. madeC. makesD. to make36．Three times in a row ,the boxer decided to give up fighting.A．Having defeated B．To have defeatedC．Having been defeated D．To have been defeated37．after a long walk, Henry called and said he couldn’t come for our party．A．Having worn out B．Wearing outC．Worn out D．To be worn out38．According to the report, people in the areas are rebuilding their homes and many roads to the areas have been repaired.A．flooded; lead B．flooding; leadingC．flooding; to lead D．flooded; leading39.－What are on show in the museum－Some pictures ____ by middle-school students.A. takingB. having been taken C . taken D. being takenplan to go abroad for a holiday with all the task _______ahead of time.A. to finishB. finishedC. finishingD. having finished, in some areas the electricity was cut off, ______ residents in 8 counties spend their lunar New Year’s Eve in darkness.A. Making matters worse, makingB. What was worse, to makeC. Worse still, makingD. To make matters worse, to makethe school name on the package, we guessed that it might belong to a student of our school.A. to markB. markingC. markedD. having been marked43. In summer, food will go bad if________in room temperature.A．leaving B．left C．being left D．having left44．Once this city, you’ll find that there is so much surprise waiting for you to discover．A．visiting B．visit C．visited D．to visit45．Subway Line 4, into use in September 2009,has made traveling in Beijing easier．A．having been put B．putting C．being put D．put46. --- Is there any possibility of the film ____ in Paris International Festival--- Not in the least, because the audience generally think little of it.A. trying outB. tried outC. to try outD. being tried out47. With three children school, the couple have to leave their hometown in the countryside and work in big cities throughout the year.A. attendingB. to attendingC. attendedD. being attended48. When I came in, I found Lucy_____ ____ b y the window ______to music.A. seated；listeningB. seated; listenedC. seating ；listenedD. seating ；listening49. You should understand the math problem now, you have had it ________three times.A. explainingB. to explainC. explainedD. explain50．Stella was disappointed to find her new plan and fell into great depression.A．put away B．carried out C．turned down D．left out非谓语专练习题解析1B考查非谓语动词及状语从句的省略;根据watching television可知,主句的主语为“我们”,并且hear后接不带to的不定式作宾补;故选B;2D考查不定式的完成时;根据over the past few years可知动作已经完成;故用不定式的完成时;3B考查非谓语动词的用法;句意：我恐怕不得不加班了,因仍有一些问题有待处理;根据句意问题被解决可知选B;4C考查动词搭配及非谓语动词;此处考查短语get sb to do sth使某人做某事;5A考查非谓语动词的用法;此处to blame用不定式的主动形式表被动；介词for后用动名词; 6A考查非谓语动词的用法;不定式作定语表示将来的动作;7D考查非谓语动词及主谓一致的用法;句意：除了Eddie班里的所有学生都期望去那里;8B;be believed to have done sth．据信已经做了某事；making it perhaps the most destroying earthquake in history．为现在分词短语作结果状语;9．C “wh疑问词+ 不定式”结构作宾语、表语或者同位语,表示将来要做的事情,等于从句：When we shall / will have it;10D考查非谓语动词的用法;根据next week可知选to be held,不定式作定语表示将来的动作;11. A. 此题考查非谓语动词的用法. 据报道,一架装有228名乘客的法国飞机坠落在大西洋,是航空75年的历史上最大的灾难.12D考查不定式作定语;此处to be published作定语,修饰a new dictionary,意为：她和她的丈夫正在编写的明年要出版一本新的词典;13B考查不定式作定语;此处The 2010 World Expo to be held in Shanghai即将在上海举行的世博会;14C考查不定式的进行时;句意：当电话响的时候,我碰巧正在厨房做饭;根据句意选C;15C考查不定式作目的状语;原句可改为：the visitors chose to stay with the host famil y to experience real local life.句意：参观者选择和主人住在一起为了体验真正的当地生活;16D在情景对话中考查不定式作目的状语;原句为：I want the radio so much to listen to the news;此处to listen作目的状语;17A考查不定式作状语;此句can后省略了do,原句结构为：The government has done everything it can do to save the buried miners.18B考查动词不定式作目的状语;句意：为确保人们有食物和饮用水,政府已经向玉树震灾区运输足够的供应物资;19B 考查非谓语动词;此题容易错选asking;因为think of 已经有自己的宾语the more questions,所以选to ask 目的状语,意为“想出更多的问题来问”;20 B分析语境可知,为了提高人民生活水平的逻辑主语应为“他们”,因此应用they做主句主语;不定式做目的状语时,其逻辑主语应为主句主语;21A考查不定式作目的状语;句意：为满足不断增长的病人的要求,诊所不得不把他们的服务由一周五天增加到七天;22C考查不定式作目的状语;句意：泰德和他的朋友们建立一个提供有关雷雨信息的网站以避免类似事故的发生;根据句意选C;23A 考查不定式作状语;此处不定式to find out表目的;24B考查不定式作结果状语;句意：他急匆匆地到达旅馆却意外发现他的女朋友已经离开了;此处不定式作状语表意外的结果;25C 考查不定式作状语;句意：为了每天行60英里,你的山地车需要好的车况;26B考查非谓语动词的用法;本句可改为：Having made it clear to us that he didn’t want to waste time playing computer games,our monitor left the Internet bar quickly;先声明然后再离开,故用现在分词的完成时;考查非谓语动词的用法;此处过去分词短语driven by greater demand of vegetables 作原因状语;28B考查非谓语动词的用法;根据句意：read动作应发生在understand前,故用现在分词的完成时；I 和read之间是主动关系,故用现在分词状语;29B考查非谓语动词及with的复合结构;此处with+名词+现在分词的结构状语; 30A考查非谓语动词的用法;句意：因为懂得他的工厂生产的产品质量差,经理决定让他的员工进修;此句可改为：Knowing his factory’s products were poor in quality, the manager decided to give his workers further training;此处Knowing his factory’s products were poor in quality作原因状语;31B考查非谓语动词的用法;此处The 82nd Oscars Academy Awards与honor之间是主动关系故用现在分词,其可以改写为非限制性定语从句：which honored the best in film for 2009;32D 考查非谓语动词的用法;此处过去分词短语considered the first and only 7-star hotel in the world作定语,修饰the Hotel Al Arab;33D考查非谓语动词的用法;第一空reading作伴随状语；第二空one与profit之间是主动关系,用现在分词作定语;34B考查短语及分词作定语;此处make choices做出选择,eating habits与based on是被动关系,故用过去分词短语作后置定语;35A考查非谓语动词的用法;此处现在分词作结果表示自然的结果;句意：中国有13亿人口,致使它成为世界上人口最多的国家;36C考查非谓语动词的用法;句意：一连三次被打败,那个拳击手决定放弃拳击;根据句意拳击手被打败可知选C;37C考查非谓语动词的用法;此句相当于Because he was worn out after a long walk, Henry called and said he couldn’t come for our party．38D考查非谓语动词的用法;第一空指被洪水袭击的地方,用过去分词表被动；第二空road与lead之间是主动关系,用现在分词作定语;39C 考查非谓语动词的用法;答语是省略句,taken by middle-school students 为过去分词短语作定语,表示一个被动的、已经完成的动作;40B 此题考查with的复合结构;With+名词+过去分词作状语,“所有的任务被完成”,故用过去分词;41C考查独立成分及非谓语动词的用法;句意：更糟糕的是,一些地区断了电,致使八个县的居民在黑暗中过除夕;第一空插入语Worse still；第二空现在分词作结果状语;42C考查过去分词的用法;句意：根据被刻在包裹上的学校名字,我们推测它可能是我们学校的一名学生的;the school name被刻在包裹上,所以用过去分词;考查非谓语动词的用法;句意：在夏天,食物处于室温下会变坏;根据句意食物被放在室温下,故用过去分词;44A考查非谓语动词的用法;句意：一旦你拜访这个城市,你会发现有那么多的惊奇在等着你去发现;You与visit之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词;45D考查非谓语动词的用法;句意：2009年9月被付诸使用的第四条地铁使在北京的旅游更容易;Subway Line 4被使用,所以用过去分词;其相当于非限制性一个定语从句which was put into use in September 2009;46D考查非谓语动词的用法;句意：那部电影有可能在巴黎国际电影节上被试播吗此处the film与try out之间为被动关系;47A考查with的复合结构;此处with+宾语+现在分词作原因状语;因three children与attend 之间为主动关系,故用现在分词;48A考查非谓语动词的用法;第一空过去分词seated作宾补,第二空listening to music作伴随状语;49C考查非谓语动词的用法;此处考查have sth done的结构,此处过去分词explained作宾补;50C考查过去分词作宾补;句意：Stella发现她的新计划被拒绝感到失望;此处考查find sth done结构;。
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状语o n l y d o i n g s t h与o n l y t o d o s t h的区别
状语only doing sth 与 only to do sth的区别
比较“only+现在分词（短语）”和“only+不定式（短语）”：这两个结构在句中都可以用来表示结果。
但有区别：后接现在分词往往表示一种自然的合乎逻辑的结果，而后接不定式往往表示一种出乎意料的或令人失望的结果。
如：
He went out of the room with few clothes on, only feeling rather cold. 他出去时衣穿得很少，渐渐地感到有些冷了。
I arrived at the shop only to find I’d left all my money at home. 我到商店却发现钱全放在家里。
He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet. 他搬起石头砸了自己的脚。
I arrived at the shop only to find I'd left all my money at home. 我到商店却发现钱全落在家了。
His opposition served only to strengthen our resolve. 他一反对反而增强了我们的决心。
She ran to the station only to find that the train had left. 她跑到火车站，但火车却开走了。
Yesterday I went to see him ,_____that he had gone abroad two days before.
A.only to learn B) only learning
答：
昨天我去看他，才知道他两天前已经出国了。
不定式作状语，表示结果。
“ only ＋不定式”结构常用来作句子的结果状语，表示随后发生的动作是一个未曾预料到的令人懊丧的结果，或表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。
例如：
1. They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet. 他们搬起石头却砸了自己的脚。
2. I hurried to the airport only to be told that the plan had taken off. 我匆匆忙忙赶到机场，却被告知飞机早已起飞了。
二 . 表示结果的“ only ＋不定式”结构，可以改为由 and 或 but 连接的并列句，但仍然表示结果之意。
例如：
I ran to the school, only to be informed that I wasn”t admitted by Beijing University.
相当于：I ran to the school and was informed that I wasn”t admitted by Beijing University. 我是跑着去学校的，却被告知没有被北京大学录取。
三. “ only ＋不定式”结构也可以表示目的。
例如：
She didn”t call you only not to trouble you. 她没给你打电话是不想给你添麻烦。
四. “ if only to do... ”表示语气上的转折，常译为：“即使只是为了……”。
例如：
I would rather make a journey to Emei Mountain, if only to enjoy some fresh air. 我宁愿去峨眉山，就算只是为了呼吸一点新鲜空气也值。
五. “ have only to do sth. ”结构意为“只要……就行”。
例如：
You have only to finish your own job. 你只要完成你的那份工作就行了。
六. “ have only to... to... ”结构表示“只要……就”。
例如：
You have only to call us in 8 hours to get a set of software worth of 60 dollars. 只要在 8 小时之内给我们打电话，你就会获得一套价值 60 美元的软件。