定语从句归纳及专项练习题

定语从句语法归纳及练习一、语法知识归纳一、基本概念（一）定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

（二）先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。

一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。

但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。

（三）关系代词和关系副词定语从句的引导词。

与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。

关系代词有：who, whom, which, that和whose, 另外，as也可充当关系代词。

关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。

关系副词有：when, where和why。

在定语从句中充当状语。

二、关系代词的用法（一）基本用法根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。

如下表：例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）① Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week（作主语）② I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （作主语）③ The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （作宾语）④ This is the new secretary (who/whom/that) I would like to introduce to you. （作宾语）⑤ The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定语）注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。

（见上例③④）（二）关系代词that代替which的一些情况which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。

但在有些情况下，只用 that。

先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。

例如：① This is the best that has been used against pollution.② English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.⑵先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。

例如：① This is the last place (that) I want to visit.② It is the first American movie of this kind that I’ve ever seen.⑶先行词是 all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等代词时。

例如：① You should hand in all that you have.② We haven’t got much that we can offer you.⑷先行词前面有the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all, much, every等修饰时。

例如：① The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.② The little money (that) he had was stolen.（三）宜用who, 而不用that的一些情况⑴先行词是one, ones, anyone时。

例如：① One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.② Don’t tell anyone about the news who oughtn’t to know it.⑵先行词是those时。

例如：① Those who were not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes made of the magic cloth.（四）其它情况⑴先行词既有人又有物时。

例如：① Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about② The bike and its rider that had run over an old man were taken to the police station.⑵主句已有疑问词who 或which时。

例如：① Which is the bike that you lost② Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting（五）与whose有关的问题⑴ whose是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。

例如：① I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.② Please show me the book whose cover is red.⑵当whose表示物与物的所有格关系时，亦可用of which的形式。

例如：① The building whose roof you can see from here is a new restaurant.→ The building, the roof of which you can see from here, is a new restaurant.或→ The building, of which the roof you can see from here is a new restaurant.三、介词前提的问题关系代词在定语从句中充当介词宾语时，介词可以前提至关系代词前。

例如：Have you seen the pen (which) I wrote the note with just now（which作介词with的宾语）→Have you seen the pen with which I wrote the note just now但是，要注意的是：⑴介词前提后，先行词是人或物，关系代词分别只能用whom和which，而不再用that或who。

⑵介词前提后，关系代词不再能省略。

⑶有些含有介词的短语动词中的介词不能前提，如：look for, look after, take care of等。

例如：错误：Who is the old man to that you were talking to正确：Who is the old man to whom you were talking 或 Who is the old man (that/ whom) you were talking to 错误：These are the sheep of which the boy took care.正确：These are the sheep (which/that) the boy took care of.四、关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中的主谓一致关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词在人称和数上应与先行词一致。

例如：Who is the guy that is reading over thereThe number of people that are going to the exhibition is expected to be over 25,000.All that needs to be done has been done.He is one of the students who use computer a lot for study.Timmy is the only one of the pupils that has failed the exam.例③中的all意为“一切”，作单数。

例⑤中没通过考试的学生事实上只有一人，因此谓语动词也用单数。

that与which, who, whom的用法区别：定语从句专项练习(1)place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.A. WhichB. whereC. whatD. in whichyou know the man _______A. whom I spokeB. to who spokeC. I spoke toD. thatI spokeis the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayedyou know the year__the Chinese Communist Party was foundedA. whichB. thatC. whenD. on whichis the day ______I'll never forget.A. whichB. on whichC. in whichD. whenfactory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.A. whereB. to whichC. whichD. in whichchanges have taken place in the factory ____we are working since then.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. thereis one of the best films _______.A. that have been shown this yearB. that have shownC. that has been shown this yearD. that you talked you lend me the book ______the other dayA. about which you talkedB. which you talkedC. about that you talkedD. that you talkedpen ______he is writing is mine.which which which whicharrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.A. whomB. whoC. whichD. thatengineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. whom whom which D. with whomthere anyone in your class ______family is in the country A. who B. who's C. which D. whose'm interested in ______you have said.A. all that what C. that D. whichwant to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. asisn't such a man ______he used to be.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. asis good at English, ______we all know.A. thatB. asC. whomD. whatMing, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.A. I went withB. with whom I wentC. with who I went went with himdon't like ______ as you read.A. the novelsB. the such novelsC. such novelsD. same novelstalked a lot about things and persons _______they remembered in the school.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. whatletter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. whoour factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.A. themB. whichC. whomD. who're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.A. who;/B./; whomC. whom;/D./; wholost a book, ______I can't remember now.A. whose titleB. its titleC. the title of itD. the title of thatsummer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famousin the world.which that which D whathave bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.A. thatB. whichC. asD. itcan never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.; which ; when ; that which; whenway ______he looks at problems is wrong.A. whichB. whoseC. whatD./is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.A. in whichB. with whichC. thatD. for whichmachine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly. which I have looked B. which I have looked afterC. that I have looked afterD. I have looked after reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.A. why; thatB. that; whyC. for that; hatD. for which; whatis working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam. whichis not the way ______I do it.A./ which whichhave two grammars, ______are of great use.A. all of whichB. either of whichC. both of thatD. both of whichwant to use the same tools _______used in your factorya few days ago.was B. which was were D. whichneigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.A. whoB. whichC. thatD. itis the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.A. thatB. whichC. from thatD. from whichis not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. as39. You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.A. /B. whyC. whenD. whose40. Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A. thatB. whichC. itD. though41. --- Did you ask the guard _______ happened--- Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that 42. I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.; who ; which C. which; that D. when; which43. The number of the people who ____ cars _______ increasing.; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are44. During the days ______, he worked as a servant at the Browns.follow followed45. Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burnA. thatB. /C. whichD. it46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on inside house.A. which; whatB. through which; whatthat; what D. what; that47. Is _______ some German friends visited last weekA this school the school school school where48. John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.A. asB. thatC. whatD. who49. I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.A. none of themB. neither of themC. neither of whichD. none of which50. All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.A. are beingB. has beenC. had beenD. have been 定语从句专项练习（2）1. Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, ________ from east to west. Those ________ run from north to south are called avenues.A. running; that B. run; who C. running; who D. run; that2. This is the case ________ he’s had all his money stolen.A. whenB. whereC. thatD. on which3. Mr. Smith will pay a visit to Beijing this autumn, ________ we will enjoy the Olympic Games in 2008.A. whereB. whenC. whichD. how4. The artist will not paint people or animals but he will paint anything ________ .A. that the little girl asks himB. the little girl asks him toC. for the little girl to ask himD. what the little girl asks him5. —How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin —Oh, that’s easy. I surfed the Internet and then called one ________ the telephone number is provided.A. whichB. in whichC. of whichD. whose6. October 15 th is my birthday, ________ I will never forget.A. whenB. thatC. whatD. which7. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point ________ he can walk correctly and safely.A. whenB. whereC. whichD. whose8. There are several research centers in China ________a certain disease called Bird Flu is being studied.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. what9. I hope that the little ________ I have been able to do does good to them all.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. when10. The time is not far away ________ modern communications will become widespread in China’s vast countryside.A. asB. whenC. untilD. before11. ________ is known to everybody, Taiwan is a part of China. We must unify it.A. ItB. AsC. WhichD. What12. I shall never forget the day ________ Shen Zhou V was launched, ________ has a great effect on my life.A. when, whichB. that, whichC. which, thatD. when, that13. The bread my wife makes is much better than ________ you can buy at a store.A. that whichB. one thatC. that of whichD. this of which14. There is no such place _____ you dream of in all this world.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. as15. The people, ________ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.A. all whose homesB. all of whose homesC. all their homesD. all of their homes16. The humans are destroying nature day by day, of course, will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later.A. whoB. whenC. on whichD. which17. Is this research center ________ you visited the modern equipment last yearA. whereB. thatC. the one thatD. the one where18. Some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old ________ they swam in it.A. whenB. thatC. whoD. where19. The man showed us so heavy a stone ________ no man can lift.A. thatB. asC. whichD. and20. He stayed there for quite a long time, during ________ time he learned much spoken English.A. thatB. thisC. whichD. same定语从句专项练习（3）1. Who is the woman is sweeping the floor over thereA. whoB. /C. thatD. when2. The doctor is leaving for Africa next month.A. the nurse is talking to himB. whom the nurse is talkingC. the nurse is talking toD. who the nurse is talking3. He talked about a hero no one had ever heard.A. of whomB. from whomC. about thatD. who4. Have you read the book I lent to you A. that B. whom C. when D. whose5. American women usually identify their best friend as someone ______ they can talk frequently.A. whoB. asC. about whichD. with whom6. Recently I bought a second-hand car was very low.A. which priceB. the price of whoseC. its priceD. whose price7. Lily, is Helen ______ you want to introduce me toA. thatB. whoC. whomD. the girl8. The professors talked with us about the beautiful schools and the experienced teachers ______ they had seen.A. thatB. whoC. whichD. what9. This is the only bus ______ goes to the village school.A. /B. thatC. whereD. it10. Is there a shop around _______sells China DailyA. whoB. whereC. in whichD. which11. She was the only one of the girls in our class _______ accepted as candidate for the president of our Students’ Union.A. who wasB. who wereC. who has beenD. who have been12. She is no longer the sweet little girl ______ she used to be.A. whatB. whoC. whenD. that13. Is this singer ______ songs you like bestA. who’sB. whoseC. which D the one whose14. He got angry with _____ was against his opinion.A. whoB. whomeverC. whoeverD. no matter who15. Anyone _____with what I said may raise your hand.A. which agreesB. who agreeC. who agreesD. which agree16. That’s the dog ______.’ve been looking after B. after which we’ve been lookingC. what we’ve been looking afterD. we’ve been taking care for17. This is the last time ______ I’ll give you a lesson.A. whenB. thatC. whatD. as18. The family _____ I stayed with in Paris are coming toLondon.A. whoseB. whichC. whatD. whom19. This is the very knife ______ I used to cut apples yesterday.A. thatB. by whichC. whichD. with which20. China has many rivers, _____ the Yangtze River is the longest..A. whichB. in whichC. among whichD. one of which21. The use they are ______ the waste helps to save a lot of money.A. made ofB. made fromC. making up ofD. making of22. That tree, the branches _____ are almost bare, is a very old one.A. whoseB. in whichC. of whichD. of it23. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ______ she could turn for help.A. thatB. whoC. from whomD. to whom24. What is the way Smith thought of ______ enough money to buy the new houseA. gettingB. having gotC. being gotD. to get25. Jack spent as much time as he could ______ over his lessons.A. goingB. wentC. goD. to go26. The freezing point is the temperature ___water changes into ice.A. at whichB. on thatC. whenD. of which27. I am impressed by the fact that he makes good use of every minute _____ he can spare.A. thatB. in whichC. in thatD. when28. This is the last time ______ I will write to you.A. whenB. thatC. whatD. as29. I don’t like the way ______ he spoke to me.A. whatB. by whichC. by thatD. /30. The train__ he was traveling was delayed for more than an hour.A. by whichB. on whichC. for whichD. on that（4）真题回顾1. We went through a period _____ communications were very difficult in rural areas. (2008上海)A. whichB. whoseC. in whichD. with which2. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _____ they can be controlled on purpose. (2007重庆)A. with whichB. to whichC. of whichD. for which3. Animals suffered at the hands of Man ______ they were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural had to provide food for more people. (2008江西)A. in whichB. for whichC. so thatD. in that4. Some children want to challenge themselves by learninga language different from___ their parents speak at home. (2008浙江)A. whatB. thatC. whichD. one5. You can only be sure of _____ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _____ you might get in the future. (2007安徽)A. that; whatB. what; /C. which; thatD. /; that6. Women _____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _____ don’t.A. who, /B. /; whoC. who, whoD. /; /7. The Beatles _____ many of you are old enough to remember came from Livepool.(2006)A. whatB. thatC. howD. as8. In an hour, we can travel to places _____ would have taken our ancestors days to reach. (2006上海)A. whereB. whenC. whichD. what9. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction ________ she had come.（ 2006 重庆卷）A. of whichB. by whichC. in whichD. fromwhich10. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ______ roof is under repair. (2006福建)A. whoseB. whichC. of whichD. that11. – Mom, what did your doctor say－He advised me to live ____ the air is fresher. (2006四川)A. in whereB. in whichC. the place whereD. where12. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs ______ they are being trained. (2005江西)A. in thatB. for thatC. in whichD. for which13. The English play ____ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. (2004全国)A. for whichB. at whichC. in whichD. on which14. George Orwell, ____ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. (2004全国)A. the real nameB. what his real nameC. his real nameD. whose real name15. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% ________ are sold abroad. (2004辽宁)A. of whichB. which ofC. of themD. of that高一定语从句专项练习（1）1-5 ACDCA 6-10 CAAAA 11-15 CDDAD 16-20 DBBCB 21-25 DCDAA 26-30 CADDB 31-35 ABADC 36-40 BDDAB 41-45 ADCDA 46-50 BBACB 高一定语从句专项练习（2）1-5 ABABC 6-10 DBBCB 11-15 BAADB 16-20 DDABC高一定语从句专项练习（3）1-5 CCAAD 6-10 DDABD 11-15 ADBCC 16-20 ABDAC 21-25 DCDDA 26-30 AABDB（4）真题回顾1-5 CBDAB 6-10 CDCDA 11-15 DDCDA。