高三英语短语动词(完整)

高三英语暑期自主学习讲义（七）

动词和短语句型的考点讲解和训练

编稿：唐玉婷审稿：

一、连系动词类

连系动词按其所表示的意义可分为以下四种：

1、变化类表事物发展变化的过程，如become, go, turn, grow, get, fall等。

2．感觉类表人体部位的感受，如feel, smell, taste, look, sound等。

3．状态类表事物所处的状态，如be, keep, come, remain, stand, lie, stay,等prove。

4．外表特征类表外表给人的印象，如appear, seem, look等。

注意：连系动词后接形容词或名词作表语。除了少数几个（如feel, get, become, grow等）外，不用于进行时态和被动结构。例如：

The mixture is tasted terrible（误）/ The mixture tastes terrible（正）

It was getting darker and darker, besides, a cold rain began to fall. （正）

【高考例题】

（1）The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain____as the plane was making a landing.

A．seat B．seating C．seated D．to be seating

（2）On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she_____ pale.

A．got B．changed C．went D．appeared

（3）I love to go to the seaside in summer. It_____ good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea.

A．does B．feels C．gets D．makes

二、感官动词类

常考的感官动词有see, watch, notice, observe, hear, find, catch等。感官动词后接非谓语动词（to do, doing, done）的不同形式作宾语补足语，表达不同的含义。

1、后接不带to的不定式表示一个发生过或者还没发生的具体的动作。

I often heard the song sung. But I have never heard you sing it.

2、后接v-ing形式表示正在进行的动作。

Seeing the sun rising above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.

Hearing this, I felt my heart beating fast.

3、后接v-ed形式表示被动意义。

After his return twenty years later, he found his hometown greatly changed.

Although I had learnt some English, I had never heard a word of it spoken.

【高考例题】

（1）The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ____ the next year.

A．carry out B．carrying out C．carried out D．to carry out

（2）A cook will be immediately fired if he is found____ in the kitchen.

A．smoke B．smoking C．to smoke D．smoked

（3）The missing boys were last seen _____ near the river.

A．playing B．to be playing C．play D．to play

（4）He looked around and caught a man _____ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.

A．put B．to be putting C．to put D．putting

三、使役动词类

表“致使”意义的动词称之为使役动词，如make, let, have, keep, leave, set, send等。使役动词后接非谓语动词的不同形式作宾语补足语，表达不同的含义。分为以下三种情况。

1、make, let, have等后接不带to 的不定式，表“使/让某人/某物做某事”。

Don’t make him do it if he doesn’t want to .

If you have any problems, just let me know.

注意；make, let在被动结构中不定式须带to ,但是have 不用于被动结构中。

Farmers were made to work all day and all night in those days, but they still had little money.

2、have, keep, leave, send, set, get等后接v-ing形式，表持续性动作。

I’m sorry to keep you waiting for so long./ Father had his son standing outside for 2 hours

3、have, keep, leave等后接v-ed形式，表被动含义。

He didn’t keep on asking me the time until he had had his watch repaired.

I’ll keep you informed as soon as I have the news.

【高考例题】

（1）Don’t leave the water _____ while you brush your teeth.

A．run B．running C．being run D．to run

（2）If anyone happens to drop in while I’m out , _____ him or her leave a message.

A．have B．get C．ask D．tell

（3）As you have never been there before , I’ll have someone ____ you the way.

A．show B．to show C．showing D．showed

四、含情感色彩的动词

这类动词有excite, inspire, encourage, interest, satisfy, delight, please, move, frighten, surprise, amaze, astonish, shock, worry, astonish, disappoint, discourage, puzzle, tire等。情感动词后接指人的名词或代词作宾语，有v-ing和v-ed两种形式，在句中作宾语和表语，v-ing 形式指事物，v-ed形式则指人。

The story was so moving that everyone present was moved to tears.

What disappointing result! We were all disappointed with it.

Climbing a hill was tiring and we were tired when we reached the summit.

【高考例题】

（1）Nick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does ____his boss.

A．serves B．satisfies C．promises D．supports

（2）──I’m very _______with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious.

──Mum, it does have a _______smell

A．pleasant; pleased B．pleased; pleased C．pleasant; pleasant D．pleased; pleasant （3）It is believed that if a book is ______, it will surely ______the reader.

A．interested; interest B．interesting; be interested

C．interested; be interesting D．interesting; interest

（4）After his journey from abroad , Richard Jones returned home , _____.

A．being exhausted B．exhausted C．exhausting D．having exhausted 五、后接不定式动词类