管理学专业术语(中英文对照)

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项目管理专用中英文术语词汇

项目管理专业术语列表Accept 验收Acceptance 验收Acceptance criteria 验收标准Acquire project team 组建项目团队Activity 活动Activity attributes 活动属性Activity code 活动编码Activity Definition 活动定义Activity Description（AD）活动描述/说明Activity Duration estimating 活动历时估算Activity identifier 活动标识符Activity list 活动列表Activity-On-Arrow（AOA）箭线网络图（双代号网络图）Activity-on-Node（AON）节点式网络图（单代号网络图）Activity resource estimating 活动资源估算Activity sequencing 活动排序Actual 实际Actual cost（AC）实际成本Actual Cost of Work Performed（ACWP）已执行工作实际成本Actual duration 实际历时Actual Finish Date（AF）实际完成日期Actual Start Date（AS）实际开始日期Administrative Closure 行政收尾Analogous estimating 类比估算Application area 应用领域Apportioned effort（AE）分配的工作量Approval 批准Approve 批准Approved change request 已批准的变更请求Arrow 箭线Arrow Diagramming Method（ADM）箭线图示法As-of date 截止日期Assumptions假设Assumptions analysis 假设分析Authority 职权Backward Pass 逆推计算法Bar Chart 横道图（甘特图，条形图）Baseline 基准计划（基线）Baseline finish date 基线完成日期Baseline start date 基线开始日期Bill of materials（BOM）材料单bottom-up estimating 自底向上估算brainstorming 头脑风暴budget 预算budget at completion（BAC）完工预算budget estimate 概算budgeted cost of work performed（BCMP）已执行工作的预算成本budgeted cost of work scheduled（BCWS）计划执行预算成本buffer 缓冲buyer 买方calendar unit 日历单位change 变更change control board（CCB）变更控制委员会change control system 变更控制系统change request 变更请求chart of accounts 账目图表charter 章程checklist 检查单claim 索偿close project 结束项目closing processes收尾过程code of accounts 账目编码co-location 同地办公common cause 共同原因communication 沟通communication management plan 沟通管理计划communications planning 沟通规划compensation 补偿component 组件concurrent engineering 并行工程configuration management system 配置管理系统constraint 约束条件contingencies 意外contingency 意外，应急contingency allowance 应急余量contingency planning应急计划contingency reserve 应急储备contract 合同contract administration 合同管理contract closure 合同收尾contract management plan合同管理计划contract statement of work（SOW）合同工作说明书contract work breakdown structure（CWBS）合同工作分解结构control 控制controlling 控制control account 控制账目control account plan 控制账目计划control chart 控制图control limits 控制范围corrective action 纠正措施cost 成本cost baseline 成本基线cost budgeting 成本预算cost control 成本控制cost estimating 成本估算cost management plan成本管理计划cost of quality 质量成本cost performance index（CPI）成本绩效系数cost-plus-fee（CPF）成本加附加费cost-plus-fixed-fee（CPFF）contract 成本加固定附加费合同cost-plus-incentive-fee（CPIF）contract成本加奖励合同cost reimbursable contract成本偿还合同cost V ariance（CV）费用偏差crashing 赶工create WBS（work breakdown structure）创建工作分解结构critical 关键critical activity 关键活动critical chain method 关键链法critical path 关键路径critical path method（CPM）关键路径法current 当前current finish date 当前结束日期current start date 当前开始日期data date（DD）数据日期date 日期decision tree analysis 决策树分析decompose 分解decomposition 分解defect 缺陷defect repair 缺陷修复deliverable 可交付物delphi technique 德尔菲技术dependency 依赖关系design review 设计评审develop 开发，研制develop project charter 制定项目章程develop project management plan 制定项目管理计划develop project scope statement（preliminary）制定项目范围说明书（初步）develop project team 项目团队建设direct and manage project execution 指导和管理项目执行discrete effort 离散工作量document 文档documented procedure 明文的规范dummy activity 虚活动duration（DU or DUR）历时duration compression 历时压缩early 早early finish date（EF）最早完工日期early start date（ES）最早开始日期earned value（EV）挣值法earned value analysis 挣值分析earned value management 挣值管理earned value technique（EVT）挣值技术effort 工作量enterprise environmental factors 事业环境因素estimate 估算estimate at completion（EAC）在完成时的费用估算estimate to complete（ETC）到完成时的估算event 事件event-on-node 单节点事件图exception report 异常报告execute 执行execution 执行executing 执行executing processes 执行过程expected monetary value（EMV）analysis 期望货币值分析expert judgment 专家判断failure mode and effect analysis 失败模式和影响分析fast tracking 快速跟进finish 完成finish date 完成日期finish-to-finish（FF）完成到完成关系finish-to-start（FS）完成到开始关系fixed-price 固定价格firm-fixed-price（FFP）contract 固定总价合同fixed-price-incentive-fee（PFIF）contract固定价格加奖励合同fixed-price or lump-sum contract 固定价格或总额合同float 浮动时间flowcharting 流程图forecasts 预测，预想forward pass 正推法free float（FF）自由时差functional 职能functional manager 职能经理functional organization 职能型组织funds 资金gantt chart 甘特图goods 物品、货物、商品grade 等级graphical evaluation and review technique（GERT）图解评审技术ground rules 基本规则、条例hammock 集合工作hammock activity 集合活动human resource planning 编制人力资源计划imposed date 强制日期influence 影响influence diagram 影响图influencer 有影响力的人information distribution 信息发布initiate 发起initiation 立项initiator 发起人initiating processes 启动过程inspection 审查integral 整体integrated 整体的integrated change control 整体变更控制integrated cost/schedule reporting 成本/进度综合报告invitation for bid（IFB）邀标书issue 问题、争端key event schedule 关键事件进度计划lag 滞后late 迟late finish date（LF）最迟结束时间late startdate（LS）最迟开始日期latest revised estimate 最新修订的估算lead 超前，提前量lessons learned 经验教训lenssons learned knowledge base 经验知识库level of effort（LOE）投入水平leveling 平衡life cycle 生命周期life-cycle costing 全生命期成本估算line manager 产品经理logic 逻辑logic diagram 逻辑图logical relationship 逻辑关系loop 回路manage 管理manage project team 管理项目团队manage stakeholders 管理项目干系人management reserve 管理储备量master schedule 主进度表materiel 物资matrix organization 矩阵型组织methodology 方法论milestone 里程碑milestone schedule 里程碑进度modern project management（MPM）现代项目管理monitor 监督monitoring 监督monitor and control project work 监督和控制项目工作monitoring and controlling processes 监督和控制过程monte carlo analysis 蒙托卡罗分析near-critical activity 近关键路径network 网络network analysis 网络分析network logic 网络逻辑network loop 网络循环network path 网络路径networking 人际网node 节点objective 目标，目的operations 日常运营opportunity 机会organization 组织organization chart 组织图organizational breakdown structure（OBS）组织分解结构organizational planning 组织规划organizational process assets 组织过程资产original duration（OD）初始历时overall change control 整体变更控制overlap 重叠parametric estimating 参数式估算pareto chart 帕累托图path 路径path float 线路时差path convergence 路径会聚path divergence 路径发散percent complete（PC）完成百分比perform 执行perform quality assurance（QA）执行质量保证perform quality control（QC）执行质量控制performance measurement baseline绩效测量基线performance reporting 绩效报告performance reports 绩效报告performing organization 执行机构PERT chart 计划评审技术图phase 阶段plan 计划plan contracting 签约计划plan purchases and acquisitions 编制采购计划planned finish date（PF）计划结束时间planned startdate（PS）计划开始时间planned value 计划值planning package 计划包planning processes 计划过程portfolio 组合portfolio management 项目组合管理position description 岗位描述practice 惯例precedence 优先precedence diagramming method（PDM）前导图法precedence relationship 前导关系predecessor activity 前置活动preventive activity 预防措施probability and impact matrix 概率和影响矩阵procedure 规程process 过程process group 过程组procurement 采购procurement documents 采购文档procurement management plan采购管理计划procurement planning 采购规划product 产品product life cycle 产品生命周期product scope 产品范围product scope description 产品范围描述program 大型项目program evaluation and review technique（PERT）计划评审技术program management 大型项目管理program management office 大型项目管理办公室progressive elaboration 渐进明细project 项目project calendar 项目日历project charter 项目章程project communication management 项目沟通管理project cost management 项目成本管理project human resource management 项目人力资源管理project initiation 项目启动project integration management 项目整体管理project life cycle 项目生命周期project management（PM）项目管理project management body of knowledge（PMBOK）项目管理知识体系project management information system 项目管理信息系统project management knowledge area 项目管理知识域project management office（PMO）项目管理办公室project management plan 项目管理计划project management process 项目管理过程project management process group 项目管理过程组project management professional（PMP）项目管理专业人员project management software 项目管理软件project management system 项目管理系统project management team 项目管理团队project manager （PM）项目经理project network diagram 项目网络图project organization chart 项目组织章程project phase 项目阶段project plan 项目计划project plandevelopment 项目计划开发project planexecution 项目计划实施project planning 项目规划project process groups 项目过程组project procurement management 项目采购管理project quality management 项目质量管理project risk management 项目风险管理project schedule 项目进度project schedule network diagram 项目进度网络图project scope 项目范围project scope management 项目范围管理project scope management plan 项目范围管理计划project scope statement 项目范围说明书project sponsor 项目发起人project stakeholder 项目干系人project summary work breakdown structure（PSWBS）项目概要工作分解结构project team 项目团队project team directory 项目团队名录project team members 项目团队成员project time management 项目时间管理project work 项目工作projected organization 项目型组织quality 质量qualitative risk analysis 定性风险分析quality management plan 项目质量计划quality planning 制定项目质量计划quality assurance（QA）质量保证quality control（QC）质量控制quantitative risk analysis 定量风险分析regulation 规章reliability 可靠性remaining duration（RDU）剩余历时request 请求request for information 信息请求request for proposal（RFP）方案征集书request for quotation（RFQ）报价请求request seller responses 请求卖方回应requested change 已申请的变更requirement 需求reserve 预留reserve 预留分析resource 资源resource breakdown structure（RBS）资源分解结构resource calendar 资源日历resource-constrained schedule 资源受限的进度resource histogram 资源图resource leveling 资源平衡resource-limited schedule 资源受限的进度resource planning 资源规划responsibility 责任responsibility assignment matrix（RAM）责任分配矩阵responsibility chart 责任图responsibility matrix 责任分配矩阵result 成果retain age 保证金rework 返工risk 风险risk acceptance 风险接受risk avoidance 风险规避risk breakdown structure（RBS）风险分解结构risk category 风险类别risk database 风险数据库risk event 突发事件risk identification 风险识别risk management plan 风险管理计划risk management planning编制风险管理计划risk mitigation 风险缓解risk monitoring and control风险监督和控制risk register 风险登记表risk response planning 制定风险应对计划risk responsecontrol 风险应对控制risk responsedevelopment 风险应对开发risk transference 风险转移role 角色rolling wave planning 滚动式计划root cause analysis 根本原因分析S-curve S曲线schedule 进度计划schedule activity 进度活动scheduleanalysis 进度分析schedulecompression 进度压缩schedulecontrol 进度控制schedule development 进度制定schedule management plan进度管理计划schedule milestone 进度里程碑schedule model 进度模型schedule network analysis进度网络分析scheduleperformance index（SPI）进度绩效指数schedulevariance（SV）进度偏差scheduled finish date（SF）计划结束日期scheduled start date（SS）计划开始日期scope 范围scope baseline 范围基线scope change 范围变更scope change control 范围变更控制scope control 范围控制scope creep 范围蔓延scope definition 范围定义scope planning 编制范围管理计划scope verification 范围验证secondary risk 二次风险select sellers 卖方选择sellers 卖方sensitivity analysis 敏感度分析service 服务should-cost estimate 理想成本估算simulation 模拟skill 技能slack 松弛量solicitation 询价，询价规范special cause 特定原因specification 规格说明书specification limits 规格限定sponsor 发起人、出资方staff 人员配备staff acquisition 工作人员招募staffing management plan 人员配备管理计划stakeholder 项目干系人standard 标准start 开始startdate 开始日期start-to-finish（SF）开始到完成关系start-to-start（SS）开始到开始关系statement of work（SOW）工作说明书strengths，weaknesses，opportunities，and threats（SWOT）analysisSWOT分析sub 子subnet 子网subnet work 子网络sub phase 子阶段sub project 子项目successor 后续successor activity 后续活动summary activity 汇总活动system 系统target 目标，预定target completion date（TC）预定完成时间target finish date（TF）预定结束时间target schedule 预定进度target startdate（TS）预定开始时间task 任务team 团队team development 团队建设team members 团队成员technical performance measurement技术性能测量technique 技术template 模板threat 威胁three-point estimate 三点估算threshold 阀值time and material（T&M）contract工时和材料合同time-scaled schedule network diagram 时标进度网络图time-scaled network diagram 时标网络图tool 工具total float（TF）总时差total quality management（TQM）全面质量管理trend analysis 趋势分析triggers 触发条件triple constraint 三约束user 用户validation 确认value engineering价值工程variance 差异variance analysis 差异分析verification 验证virtual team 虚拟团队voice of the customer顾客意见war room 指挥部work 工作work authorization 工作授权work authorization system 工作授权体系work breakdown structure（WBS）工作分解结构work breakdown structure component 工作分解结构部件work breakdown structure dictionary 工作分解结构字典work item 工作项work package 工作包work performance information 工作绩效信息workaround 风险应急。

管理学词汇中英文对照

管理学词汇中英文对照Accountability 责任感Achievement-oriented leadership 成就取向型领导Activity ratio 活动比率Adaptive organization (horizontal corporation) 自适应组织Administrative management 行政管理Affiliation needs 归属的需要Aggregate planning 综合计划Alternative courses of action 可供选择的行动Artifacts 人工环境Assessment center 评价中心Assets 资产Attitudes 态度Authority 职权Autonomy 自治Balance sheet 资产负债表BCG matrix 波士顿咨询集团矩阵Behavior modification 行为修正Behavioral approach 行为法Behavioral decision model 行为决策模型Boundary-spanning roles 跨界角色Bounded rationality 有限理性Brainstorming 头脑风暴法Breakeven analysis 头脑风暴法Budgets 预算Bureaucratic control 官僚控制Bureaucratic management 官僚管理Business ethics 商业道德Business portfolio matrix 商业资产组合矩阵Business strategy 商业策略Cash cows 金钱牛Chain of command 指挥链Changing 变革Charismatic authority 魅力权威模式Classical perspective 古典管理理论Closed system 封闭系统Code of ethics 伦理规范Coercive power 强制力Cohesiveness 凝聚力Communication 沟通Communication network 沟通网Compensation 报酬Competitive advantage 竞争优势Computer-aided software engineering (CASE) 计算机辅助设计Conceptual skill 概念能力Concurrent control 并行控制Constraints 强制，约束Contingency approaches 随即制宜法Contingency perspective 权变观Contingency planning 随即计划Continuous schedule of reinforcement 连续性奖励Continuous-flow production system 连续生产系统controlling 控制职能Controls 控制Corporate social responsibility 公司社会责任Corporate strategy 公司战略Cost leadership strategy 成本领先战略Current assets 流动资产Current liabilities 流动负债Customer divisional structure 消费者多样化结构Data 数据Debt ratios 负债比率Decision making 决策Decision support system (DSS) 决策制定系统Decision tree 决策树(体系)Decision varialbes 决策变量decisional roles 决策角色Decoding 解码Delegation 授权Delphi technique 魔鬼提倡法Devil's advocacy 唱反调的人Dialectical inquiry 辩证探求法Differention strategy 差异化战略Directive leadership 指示领导Diversity 多样化Divisional structure 部门是结构Dogs 瘦狗Downward communication 下行沟通Dynamic network 动态网络Economic feasibility 经济可行性Effectiveness 效果Efficiency 效率Electronic data interchange (EDI) EDI电子数据交换Electronic funds transfer (EFT) 电子资金转换Electronic mail (e-mail) 电子邮件Employee assistance programs (EAPs) 员工辅助项目顾问Employee-centered work redesign 员工工作再设计Employment test 就业测试Empowering employees 职工授权Encoding 编码End users 终极用户Entropy 衰退趋势Escalation of commitment 递增效忠Esteem needs 尊重的需要Ethical behavior 道德表现Ethical dilemma 伦理困境Ethics 伦理Expectancy 期望Expected monetary value (EMV) 预期货币价值Expected value 预期价值Expert power 专家权力Expert system 专家系统External communication 外部环境External customer 外部顾客External forces 外部力量Extinction 废止Feedback 反馈Feedback 反馈Feedback 反馈Feedback (corrective) control 反馈校正控制Feedback controls 反馈控制Feedforward (preventive) control 前馈预防控制Feedforward controls 前馈控制Fixed assets 固定资产Fixed-interval schedule 定时给奖Fixed-position layout 定位式布置Fixed-ratio schedule 定比给奖Focus strategy 集中战略Force-field analysis 立场分析Formal groups 正式群体Functional manager 职能管理者Functional strategy 职能管理者Functional structure 职能式战略GE matrix 职能式结构General environment 一般环境General manager 总经理Generic strategies 一般性策略Geographic divisional structure 全球多样化战略Global strategy 全球化战略Goal setting 目标结构Goals 目标Grand strategy 主战略Grapevine 藤状网络式沟通Group 群体Groupthink 群体思想Groupware 群件Halo-and-horn effect 月晕效应Hawthorne effect 关注作用Human resource information systems (HRISs) 人力资源信息系统Human resource management 人力资源管理Human resource planning 人力资源计划Human rights approach 人权方法Human skills 人工技巧Hybrid layout 混合式布置Hygiene factors 保健因素hyperchange 极度改变Income statement 损益表Informal groups 非正式群体Information 信息Information overload 信息过量Information power 信息权力Information technology 信息技术Informational roles 信息角色Inputs 投入Instrumental values 工具价值Instrumentality 媒介;工具;手段Intangible costs 无形成本Integrating mechanisms 结合机制Interdependence 互相依赖Internal customer 内部顾客Internal forces 内力Internal network 内部网络Interpersonal roles 人际交往能力Intuition 直觉Jargon 行话Job analysis 工作分析;工种分析Job depth 工作深度Job description 工作说明Job description 工作说明Job design 工作设计Job enlargement 工作扩大化Job enrichment 工作丰富化Job rotation 岗位轮换Job satisfaction 工作满意Job scope 工作丰富化Job specifications 工作规范;操作规程Job-shop production system 职务专业化Justice approach 公正合理观Just-in-time (JIT) inventory management 及时存货系统Labor-management relations 劳工管理关系Language systems and metaphors 语言习惯Lateral communication 横向沟通Law of effect 效应法则Law of requisite variety 必要多样性定律Leadership 领导Leadership substitutes 领导替代leading 领导Least preferred coworker (LPC)scale 最不喜欢的同事Legitimate power 法定权利Liabilities 负债Line personnel 线形人事管理Liquidity ratios 流动率Local-area network (LAN) 局域网Locus of control 控制点Locus of decision making 局域网Long-term liabilities 长期债务Machiavellian personality 马基雅弗利人格理论Management 管理Management by exception 例外管理Management by objectives (MBO) 目标管理责任制Management information system (MIS) 信息管理系统Managers 经理Master production schedule 主生产排程Matket growth rate 市场增长率Matrix structure 矩阵结构Mechanistic systems 机械式组织Medium 载体Messages 消息Motivation 激励Motivator factors 激励因素Multidomestic strategy 多元化策略Myths 虚构的故事Need for achievement 成就需要Negative reinforcement 消极强化Network structure 网络结构Noise 噪声Nominal group technique (NGT) 名义群体技术Nonprogrammed decision 非程序化决策Nonverbal communicationa 非语言沟通Norms 标准;规范;典范;限额Objectives 目标Objectives function 目标函数Open system 开放系统Operational feasibility 造作可行性Operational plan 作业计划Operational planing 作业计划职能Opportunity 机遇Oral communication 口头交流Organic (clan) control 有机控制Organic system 有机系统organization 组织安排Organizational change 组织变革Organizational control 组织控制Organizational culture 组织文化Organizational design 住址决策Organizational development (OD) 组织发展Organizational feasibility 组织可行性Organizational mission 组织使命Organizational structure 组织结构Organizing 组织Orientation 定位Outputs 产出Owner's equity 所有者权益Partial schedule of reinforcement 间断性奖励Participative leadership 参与型领导Participative management 参与管理Path-goal model 途径-目标模型Payoff table 决定(因素)表;结算表;成果表Payoffs 发工资Performance appraisal 绩效考评Personality 性格PERT(program Evaluation and review technique) 计划审评技术Physiological needs 生理的需要Plan 计划planning 计划,部署Policies 政策Pooled interdependence 共有相互依存Positive reinforcement 正强化Power 权利Problem 问题Procedures 程序Process consultation 过程咨询Process layout 工艺式布置Product divisional structure 生产部门式结构Product layout 产品式布置Productivity 生产力Profitability ratios 收益比率Programmed decision 程序化决策Programs 规划Project production system 工程生产系统Projects 项目Protected class 受保护一类Punishment 惩罚Quality assurance 质量保证Quality circle QC小组Quality control 质量管理;质量控制Quality management 质量管理Question marks 问号Rational-economic decision model 理性经济决策模型Rational-legal authority 法理权威模式Reciprocal interdependence 交互性的互赖性Recruitment 招聘Reengineering 工程再造Referent power 指示权力Refreezing 再冻结阶段Relationship orientation 关系导向Relationship-orientation roles 关系导向角色Relative market share 相关市场份额Repetitive, assembly-line, or mass-production system 重复性、流水线、大量生产系统Responsibility 职责Restraining forces 阻力Reward power 奖励权力Rites 仪式Robotics 机器人技术Roles 任务，角色Rules 规则Satisficing 满意性Scalar principle 等级原则Schedules of reinforcement 强化时间表Scientific management 科学管理Security needs 安全的需要Selection 选拔Selective perception 选择性理解Self-actualization needs 自我实现需要Self-esteem 自尊Self-management teams 自我管理小组Self-management teams 自我管理小组Self-monitoring 自我控制Self-oriented roles 自我取向角色Sequential interdependence 顺序式互赖Sexual harassment 性骚扰Single-use plans 一次性计划Skill vareity 多种技能SLT model 情境领导模型Social context 社会关联性Span of control 控制幅度，管理幅度Special-purpose team 特殊目标小组Stable environment 环境稳定Stable network 稳固网络Staff personnel 员工人事管理Staffing 人员雇佣；职工配备Stakeholders 利益相关者Standing plans 长设计划Stars 明星States of nature 自然状态Stereotyping 典型化Stories 事迹Strategic analysis 战略分析Strategic control 战略控制Strategic decision-making matrix 战略决策矩阵Strategic goals 战略目标Strategic plan 战略计划Strategic plan 战略计划Strategic planning 战略计划职能Strategic planning 战略计划职能Strategy formulation 战略制定Strategy Implementation 战略实施Supportive leadership 支持型领导Survey feedback 调查反馈Synergy 共同作用Systems analysis 系统分析Systems development life cycle (SDLC) 发展周期系统Tangible costs 可收回成本Task environment 任务环境Task identity 任务说明Task orientation 任务导向型Task significance 任务重要性Task-oriented roles 任务导向型角色Team building 团队建设Technical feasibility 技术可行性Technical skills 技术技能Telecommuting 远程办公Terminal values 终极价值Theory X (管理)X理论Theory Y (管理)Y理论Theory Z (管理)Z理论Total quality management (TQM) TQM全面质量管理Total quality management (TQM) TQM全面质量管理Traditional authority 传统权威模式Training 培训Trait approach 特征途径Transactional leadership 执行性领导Transformation process 变革过程Turbulent environments 动荡环境Type A orientation A型意向者Type B orientation B型意向者Unfreezing 解冻Unity of command 统一指挥Upward communication 上行沟通Utility approach 功利主义观Valence 效价Validity 效度Values 价值Variable-ratio schedule 变动比率增时制Variance reporting 视频会议Videoconferencing 视频会议Vigilance 警戒Whistleblower 揭发Wide-area network (WAN) 局域网Written communication 笔头交流。

《管理学》专业词汇中英文对照ABC

第二部分专业词汇中英文对照AAbsenteeism 缺勤，旷工Acceptance of authority权威的认可Accommodation 顺应（对待冲突的策略）Achievement-oriented leader 成就导向型领导者Acid test ratios 速动比率Acquisition 并购，收购Active listening 积极倾听Activities 活动Adjective rating scales描述性评分表Affective component of an attitude 态度的情感成分Affirmative action programs 确认行动计划，积极行动方案Age Discrimination in Employment Act 反就业年龄歧视法案Agreeableness 随和Agriculture wave 农业化阶段，农业时代Americans with Disabilities Act 美国人对待残疾法案Analytic decision-making style 分析型决策制定风格Answering questions 回答问题Anthropology 人类学Assaults 袭击，攻击Assertiveness 专断，肯定，强制取向（划分解决冲突风格的维度）Assumed similarity 假定相似性Attentional processes 注意过程Attitudes 态度Attribution theory 归因理论Authority 职权，权威Autocratic style of leadership 专制式领导，独裁式领导Autonomy 自主，自主权Availability heuristic 只利用现有信息决策的取巧途径，以易代难倾向Avoidance 回避，规避BBaby boomers 婴儿潮Bargaining strategies 争价策略，谈判策略Barriers to communication沟通障碍Basic corrective action彻底纠错行动Behavioral component of an attitude 态度的行为成分Behavioral science theorists 行为科学理论家Behavioral style of decision making 行为型决策制定风格Behavioral theories of leadership 行为领导理论Behaviorally anchored rating scales (BARS) 行为定位评分法Behavior-related symptoms行为表征Benchmarking 标杆瞄准，基准化Big five model 五因素模型，大五模型Board representatives 员工代表Body language 身体语言“Boiled frog phenomenon”“煮青蛙现象”Borderless organizations无边界组织（内部）Boundaryless organization无界组织Bounded rationality 有限理性Brainstorming 头脑风暴法Break-even analysis 盈亏平衡分析Broad-banding 基于员工能力付酬的一种方式Bureaucracy 官僚行政组织Bureaucratic control 行政控制Business evaluation method 企业评估方法C“Calm waters” metaphor“风平浪静”观Career 职业生涯Centralization 集权，集中Certainty 确定性Chain of command 指挥链Change agent 变革推动者Change 变革，改革，变化Changing economy 变化的经济Channel 渠道，媒介Charismatic leadership theory 魅力型领导理论Civil Rights Act 民权法案Clan control 文化控制Classical approach 经典观念，经典学派Closed system 封闭系统Coach 教练Code of ethics 道德规范Coercive power 强制权力，强制权Cognitive component of an attitude 态度的认知成分Cognitive dissonance 认知失调Collaboration 合作（对待冲突的策略）Combination strategy 组合战略Communication differences沟通差异Communication process 沟通过程Communications 沟通Compensation 薪酬Compensation administration薪酬管理Competence 技能，专长，能力，胜任特征Competency-based compensation 基于能力的报酬Competitive advantage 竞争优势Competitive intelligence竞争情报Competitive strategy 竞争战略Conceptual skills 概念技能，抽象能力Conceptual style of decision making 概念型决策制定风格Concurrent control 并行控制，同期控制Conflict management 冲突管理Conflict managers 冲突管理者Conflict 冲突Conscientiousness 正直，尽责Consideration 关心，关怀Consistency 一贯性Consultants 顾问，咨询者Contingency approach 权变观念，权变学派Contingency theories of leadership 权变领导理论Contingency variable 权变变量Contingent workforce 应急工，临时工Continuous improvement 持续改进，不断改进Contract workers 合同工Control 控制Controlling 控制职能Cooperativeness 合作取向（划分解决冲突风格的维度）Core competency 核心能力，核心专长Core employees 核心员工Cost-leadership strategy成本领先战略Creative-thinking skills创造思维能力Creativity 创造力Critical incidents 关键事件法Critical path scheduling analysis 关键路径计划分析法Critical path 关键路径Crossword comprehension填字游戏，纵横字谜理解Current ratio 流动比率Customer departmentalization 按顾客划分部门Customer service 顾客服务Customer-responsive culture 顾客响应文化DData Protection Act 数据保护法案Debt to assets ratio 资产负债率Decentralization 分权，分散Decision criteria 决策准则Decision implementation 决策实施Decision making 决策制定Decision-making process决策制定过程Decision-making styles 决策风格Decision trees 决策树Decisional entrepreneur决策方面的创业家角色Decoding 解码Delegation 授权Democratic style of leadership 民主式领导Democratic-consultative leader 民主咨询式领导者Democratic-participativeleader 民主参与式领导者Departmentalization 划分部门，部门化Design 设计Deterrence-based trust 基于威慑的信任Devil’s advocate吹毛求疵者Differentiation strategy差异化战略Direct supervision 直接监督Directional plans 指导性计划Directive leader 指示型领导者Directive style of decision-making 指示型决策制定风格Discipline 纪律Disseminator 传播者Distinctiveness 独特性Distributive bargaining分配型讨价还价，零和分配争价Disturbance handler 故障排除者Division of labor 劳动分工Downsizing 缩小规模Dysfunctional conflict 功能失调的冲突，不利的冲突Ee-business 电子企业，虚拟企业e-commerce 电子商务Economic order quantity (EOQ) 经济定货批量Economics 经济学Effectiveness 效果Efficiency 效率Elderly 年长者，老年人Electronic meeting 电子会议E-mail 电子邮件E-manufacturing 电子制造Emotional intelligence (EI) 情商Emotional stability 情绪稳定Emotions 情绪Employee assessment 员工评价Employee assistance programs (EAPs) 员工帮助计划Employee benefits 员工福利Employee counseling 员工咨询Employee oriented 员工导向的Employee theft 员工偷窃Employee training 员工培训Employment planning 招聘计划，雇佣计划Empowerment skills 赋权技巧Empowerment 赋权Encoding 编码English-only rules 仅使用英语进行交流Entrepreneurs 企业家，创业家Entrepreneurship 创业Environmental scanning 环境扫描e-organization 虚拟组织Equal Pay Act 平等工资法案Equity theory 公平理论Escalation of commitment过度承诺Esteem needs 尊重需要Ethics 道德Events 事件Expectancy theory 期望理论Expert power 专家权力，专长权Expert systems 专家系统Expertise 专业知识，专门技术Extinction 消除Extranets 企业外网，广域网Extroversion 外向FFair labor standards Act公平劳动标准法案Family and Medical Leave Act家庭和医疗假期法案Federal Electronic Communications Privacy Act 联邦电子通讯隐私法案Feedback 反馈Feedback control 反馈控制Feedforward control 前馈控制Fiedler contingency leadership model 菲德勒权变领导模型Figurehead 挂名首脑Filtering （信息）过滤First-line managers 基层管理者，一线管理者Fixed-point reordering system 定点定货系统Flexibility 灵活性Flextime 弹性工作时间Focus strategy 集中化战略Forcing 强制（对待冲突的策略）Formal planning 正式计划Free-market democracies自由市场经济Functional conflict 有利的冲突Fundamental attribution error 基本归因错误Future orientation 未来导向GGantt Chart 甘特图Gender differences 性别差异General administrativetheorists 一般行政管理理论家Geographic departmentalization 按地区划分部门Global Leadership and Organizational Behavioral Effectiveness (GLOBE) 全球领导与组织行为效果Global village 地球村Globalization 全球化Goal-setting theory 目标设定理论Gossip 流言Grand strategies 总体战略Grapevine 小道消息Great Depression 大萧条Group 群体，小组Group behavior 群体行为Group cohesiveness 群体内聚力，群体凝聚力Group decision making 群体决策Group-order ranking 分组排序法Groupthink 趋同思维Growth strategy 增长战略HHalo effect 晕轮效应Harvesting 收回（投资）Heuristics 取巧途径，倾向Hierarchy of needs theory 需要（求）层次理论Homicide 行凶，杀人Honest 诚实Hostile environment 敌对的环境Human relations view of conflict 冲突的人际观Human resource inventory report 人力资源储备报告Human resource management(HRM)人力资源管理Humane orientation 人本导向Hygiene factors 保健因素IIdentification-based trust 基于认同的信任Ill-structured problems非结构化问题Immediate corrective action 立即纠错行动Immigration Reform and Control Act 移民改革和控制法案Individual ranking 个人排序法Individualism vs. collectivism 个人主义与集体主义Industrial engineering 工业工程Industrial Revolution 产业革命，工业革命Industrialization wave 工业化阶段，工业时代Informal planning 非正式计划Information handling 信息处理Information overload 信息超载Information technologists信息技术专家Information technology (IT) 信息技术Information wave 信息化阶段，信息时代Informational monitor 信息方面的监控者角色In-group collectivism 圈内集体主义，圈内合作Initiating structure 定规结构Innovation 创新Integrative bargaining整合型讨价还价，共赢争价Integrity 正直Intellectual property 智力资源Interactionist view of conflict 冲突的互动观Intergroup development 团际发展，组际发展Internet 因特网Interpersonal demands 人际需求Interpersonal skills 人际技能Interview 面试，访谈Intranets 企业内网，局域网Intrapreneurs 内企业家，内部创业者Intrinsic task motivation内在工作动机Inventory turnover ratios库存周转率ISO 9000 series ISO 9000 系列JJargon 技术用语，行话Job analysis 职务分析，工作分析Job characteristics model (JCM)职务特征模型，工作特征模型Job description 职务描述，工作描述Job enrichment 职务丰富化，工作丰富化Job involvement 工作投入Job satisfaction 工作满意度Job sharing 职务分担，工作分担（分享）Job specification 职务说明，工作说明Just-in-time (JIT) inventory systems 准时制库存系统KKaizen 改善Kanban 看板Karoshi 劳累过度而猝死Knowledge-based trust 基于了解的信任Knowledge management 知识管理Knowledge workers 知识工人LLabor relations 劳工关系Labor supply 劳动力供应Laissez-faire style of leadership 放任式领导Language 语言Layoffs 裁员Layoff-survivor sickness裁员幸存者心态（综合症）Leader-participation model 领导者参与模型Leaders 领导者Leadership 领导Leading 领导职能Learning 学习Learning organization s学习型组织Least-preferred co-worker (LPC) questionnaire 最难共事者问卷Legitimate power 法定权力，法定权Leverage ratios 财务杠杆比率Leverage test 杠杆能力测试Liaison 联络者Line authority 直线职权Linear programming 线性规划Liquidity 流动Liquidity test 流动性测试Load chart 负荷图Locus of control 控制中心，控制点Long-term plans 长期计划Long-term vs. short-term orientation 长期（短期）倾向Loyalty 忠心，忠诚MMachiavellianism (“Mach”)马基雅维里主义Management 管理Management by objectives (MBO) 目标管理Management by walking around (MBWA) 走动管理Management charter initiative (MCI) 管理宪章运动（英国研究管理能力的组织）Management competencies 管理能力Management processes 管理过程，管理职能Management science 管理科学Management workshop 管理研讨与实践Managerial grid 管理方格Managerial roles 管理者角色Managers 管理者，经理Mandatory Retirement Act 强制退休法案Manufacturing organization 生产企业，制造企业Market control 市场控制Mass production 大量生产Matrix structure 矩阵制组织结构Measurement 度量，衡量Mechanistic organization机械式组织Merger 兼并Message 消息，信息Middle managers 中层管理者Minimum-wage employees 最低工资员工Mission statement 使命陈述Motivation 动机，激励Motivation-hygiene theory激励保健理论，双因素理论Motivators 激励因素Motor reproduction process 机械再现过程，动力复制过程Multinational corporations (MNCs) 多国公司Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) 迈耶—布里格斯类型指标NNational culture 民族文化National Labor Relations Act 全国劳工关系法案Need 需要Need for achievement 成就需要Need for affiliation 归属需要Need for power 权力需要Negative reinforcement 负强化Negotiation 谈判Negotiator 谈判者Networked communication capabilities 网络沟通能力Networked computer systems计算机网络系统Neural network 神经网络Neutralizers 中和New Deal 新政Nominal group technique名义群体（决策）技术Nonprogrammed decisions非程序化决策Nonverbal cues 非语言暗示Norms 规范Not-for-profit organizations 非赢利性组织OOn-the-job training 在职培训Open systems 开放系统Opening comments 开场白Openness 开放Operant conditioning 操作性条件反射，操作制约Operating ratios 经营比率Operations management 作业管理Operations research (OR)运筹学Operations Research Society of America 美国运筹学会Operations test 运营能力测试Operatives 操作者，作业人员Opportunities (Strategic)机会（战略的）Oral reports 口头报告Organic organization 有机式组织Organization culture 组织文化Organization design 组织设计Organization development (OD) 组织发展Organization structure 组织结构Organizational behavior (OB) 组织行为Organizational change 组织变革Organizational citizenship 组织公民Organizational commitment组织承诺Organizational leadership组织领导Organizational processes组织过程Organizational strategy组织战略Organizations 组织Organizing 组织职能Orientation 导向，定向Outsourcing 业务外包PPaired comparison approach 两两比较法，配对比较法Parochialism 狭隘观念Part-time employees 兼职员工Path-goal theory 目标路径理论Pay-for-performance programs按业绩付酬，业绩工资制Payoff matrices 工资矩阵Perception 知觉Performance appraisal methods 绩效评估方法Performance-based compensation 基于业绩的薪酬Performance management 绩效管理Performance management system 绩效管理系统Performance orientation绩效导向Performance-simulation tests 绩效模拟测试Personal differences 个体差异Personal growth and development 个人成长与发展Personal observation 亲自观察Personality 个性PERT network analysis 计划评审技术网络分析方法Philosophy 哲学Physiological needs 生理需要Planning 计划职能Policy 政策Political science 政治科学Political skills 政治技能Polygraph Protection Act测谎器（使用）保护法案Positive reinforcement 正强化Power 权力Power distance 权力差距Pregnancy Discrimination Act（反）孕期歧视法案Presentations 演讲Principles of management管理原则Privacy Act 隐私权法案Proactive personality 主动个性Problem 问题Procedure 程序Process 过程，流程Process approach 过程观念，过程学派Process consultation 过程咨询Process departmentalization 按流程划分部门Process production 流程生产Product departmentalization 按产品划分部门Production oriented 面向生产的，生产导向Productivity 生产率Profit margin on revenues ratio 边际销售利润率Profit organizations 盈利性组织Profitability 盈利性，收益性Profitability ratios 收益性比率Programmed decisions 程序化决策Project 项目Project management 项目管理Protégé新手，学生Psychological symptoms 心理表征Psychology 心理学Punishment 惩罚Pygmalion effect 皮格马利翁效应QQuality 质量Quality control 质量控制Quality management 质量管理Quantitative approach to management 管理定量方法Quantity of life vs. quality of life 生活的数量（质量），追求物质（质量）的生活观念Queuing theory 排队论RRailroad Unemployment Insurance Act 铁路工人失业保险法案Range of variation （允许）差异范围，偏差范围Ratio analysis 比率分析Rational 理性的，合理的Rational decision making理性决策Realistic job preview (RJP) 真实的工作预览，面试时向求职者提供真实的信息Recruitment 招聘Referent 参量，参照对象Referent power 感召权力，感召权Reinforcement processes强化过程Reliability 信度，可靠性Representative heuristic只依据自己熟悉的事物判断与决策的取巧途径，以偏盖全倾向Resistance to change 变革抵制力量，变革障碍Resource allocator 资源分配者Responsibility 职责，责任Resume preparation 简历准备Retention processes 保持过程Retrenchment strategy 收缩战略Return on investment ratio 投资收益率Reverse mentoring 反向指导Reward power 奖赏权力，奖赏权Rewards 奖励，奖赏Rightsizing 规模调整Ringisei 全票通过，一致同意Risk 风险Risk taking 风险承担Role 角色Role ambiguity 角色模糊Role conflicts 角色冲突Role demands 角色要求Role overload 角色超载，任务超负荷Rule 准则，规则Rumors 谣传，流言SSafety needs 安全需要Sarbanes-Oxley Act 萨班斯－奥克斯利法案Satisfice 满意决策Scheduling tools 计划工具Scientific management 科学管理Selection process 选择过程，甄选过程Selective perception 选择性知觉Selectivity 选择性Self-actualization needs自我实现需要Self-Assessment Library自我测试库Self-esteem (SE) 自尊Self-fulfilling prophecy自证预言Self-monitoring 自我监控Self-serving bias 自我服务偏见，自利偏见Senior Citizen’s Freedom to Work Act 年长公民自由工作法案Service organization 服务型组织Sexual harassment 性骚扰Short-term plans 短期计划Simple structure 简单式组织结构Single-use plans 一次性计划，单项计划Situational approach 情境（权变）观念，情境（权变）学派Situational leadership (SL) theory 情境领导理论Six sigma 六σ（一种管理理念）Skill variety 技能多样性Slack time 松弛时间，富余时间Small business 小企业Social learning theory 社会学习理论Social loafing 滥竽充数现象Social needs 社会需要Social obligation 社会义务Social responsibility 社会责任Social responsiveness 社会响应Social security 社会安全Sociology 社会学Span of control 管理幅度，控制跨度Specific plans 具体计划Spokesperson 发言人Stability strategy 稳定战略Staff authority 参谋职权Stakeholders 利害相关者，利益相关者Standard 标准Standing plans 常用性计划，标准计划Statistical reports 统计报告Status 地位Stem cell research 干细胞研究Stereotyping 墨守陈规，因循守旧Stock options 股票期权Strategic alliances 战略联盟Strategic human resource management process 战略人力资源管理过程Strategic management process 战略管理过程Strategic planning 战略规划Strategic plans 战略计划Strategic problem solving战略性的问题解决Strengths (Strategic) 优势（战略的）Stress 压力Stress interview 压力面试Stressor 压力因素，压力源Structural differentiation 结构差异Subcontractors 转包商Supervisors 监督者Supply chain management供应链管理Supportive leader 支持型领导者Survey feedback 调查反馈SWOT analysis SWOT分析Systems approach 系统观念，系统学派TTactical plans 战术计划Task identity 任务同一性Task significance 任务重要性Team leaders 团队领导者Team leadership 团队领导Team-based structure 基于团队的组织结构Team-building 团队建设Technical skills 技术技能Technology 技术Telecommuting 远程办公，电子通勤Teleconferencing 电子会议，电信会议Temporary employees 临时员工Theory X X 理论Theory Y Y 理论Therbligs 基本动作Threats 威胁360-degree appraisal 360?评估Three-needs theory 三种需要理论Time interest earned ratio 已获利息倍数Tomorrow’s workforce 未来的劳动力Top managers 高层管理者Total assets turnover ratio总资产周转率Traditional view of conflict 冲突的传统点Trait theories of leadership 特质领导理论Transactional leaders 事务型领导者Transformation process 变革过程，转换过程Transformational leaders变革型领导者Transnational corporations (TNCs) 跨国公司Troubleshooters 麻烦解决者Trust 信任Turnover 流动，周转Type A personality A型个性Type B personality B型个性UUncertainty 不确定性Uncertainty avoidance 不确定性规避Unit coordinators 单位（部门）协调者Unit production 小批量生产Unity of command 统一指挥Unsatisfactory performance 令人不满意的业绩. labor shortage 美国劳动力短缺VValidity 效度Valuation techniques 评价方法Value 价值Value chain 价值链Value chain management 价值链管理Verbal intonation 语调Videoconferencing 视频会议，电视会议Visionary leadership 富于远见的领导Vocational Rehabilitation Act职业恢复法案WWeaknesses 劣势Wellness programs 福利计划Well-structured problems结构化问题“White-water rapids” metaphor “急流险滩”观“Whiz Kids”“神童”Wireless communications无限通讯Women 妇女Work councils 员工委员会，工会Work process engineering工作流工程Work specialization 工作专业化，劳动分工Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act 工人调整与再培训告知法案Workforce diversity 劳动力多样化，员工多样化Workplace violence 工作场所暴力Written essay 书面总结Written reports 书面报告Written tests 书面测试，笔试。

质量管理常用术语及中英文对照缩写

品质专业术语ADM Administration Department 行政部AFR Annual Failure Rate 年度返修率ACC Acceptable 允许接收AOQ Average Output Quality 平均出货质量AQL Acceptable Quality Level 品质允收水准APQP Advanced Product Quality Plan 产品质量先期策划BOM Bill Of Material 材料清单B/R Batch Run 批量测试C/R Corrective Action 矫正措施CA Customer Service Department 客户服务部CAR Corrective Action Request 矫正措施要求CCC China Compulsory Certificate 中国强制认证CET Customer Experience Test 顾客体验测试CIP Capacity improvement plan 产能改善计划CP Capability index 准确度CPK Process Capability Index 工序能力指数CPI Continuous Process Improvement 连续工序改善CQA Customer Quality Assurance 客户质量保证CQC China Quality Certification Center 中国质量认证中心CR critical defect 严重缺点CS Customer Serves 客户服务CSDI检修DAS Defects Analysis System 缺陷分析系统DFA Design For Assembly 设计组装性DFM Design For Manufacturing 设计制造性DOE Design Of Experiments 实验设计DPP M Defect Parts Per Million 百万分之不良率DVT Design Verification Test 设计验证测试DAP Dead after Purchase 购买后损坏DOA Dead On Arrival 开箱损坏ECN Engineering Change Notice 工程变更通知ECR Engineering Change Requirment 工程变更需求EVT Engineering Verification Test 工程验证测试FA Failure Analysis 不良分析FAA First ArticleAffirm 首件确认FAI First Article Inspection 首件检验FIFO First In First Out 先进先出FIR Initial Field Incident Rate 市场不良率FMEA failure model effectiveness analysis 失效模式分析FPIR First Piece Inspection Report 首件检查报告FPYR First Pass Yield Rate 直通率FMEA Failure Mode Effect Analysis 失效模式影响分析FQA Final Quality Assurance 最终品质保证FQC Final quality control 最终检验ISO国际标准化组织ISA Industry Standard Architecture 工业标准体制结构IPQC In Process Quality Control 制程品质管理IQC Incoming Quality Control 进料品质管理KPI Key Performance Indication 关键业绩指标LAB Laboratory 实验室LCL Lower control limit 管制下限LQC Line Quality Control 生产线品质控制LRR Lot Reject Rate 批退率LSL Low Specification Limit 规格下限MA Major Defect 主要缺点MA Minor Defct 次要缺点ME Manufacturing Engineering 制造工程MC mater control 物料管理MO Manafacture Order 生产单MRB Material reject bill 退货单MSA Measurement System Analysis 测量系统分析NCM Non-Conformance Material 不合格品N/A None Available 不合适，不适用NG No Good 不良品NPL Non-Production Loss 非生产漏失ORT On Reliability Test 可靠性测试OQC Outgoing Quality Control 出货品质管理OEM Original equipment manufacturer 原设备制造者ODM Original Design Manufacturer 原设计制造者OBA Out of Box Audit 开箱检查PA purchasing agent 采购员PC producing control 生产管理PCN Process Change Notice 制程变更通知PPAP Production Part Approval Process 生产件批准程序P/N Part Number 料号P/O Purchase Order 采购单PD Production Department 生产部PE Product Engineering 产品工程部PQA Process Quality Assurance 制程品质保证PPR Production Pilot Run 生产试做QA Quality Assurance 品质保证-质量QAPS Quality Assurance Process Sheet 品质工程表QC Quality Control 品质管理QE Quality Engineer 品质工程QFD Quality Function Deployment 品质机能展开QRE Quality Reliability Engineer 品质可靠度工程QS Quality System 品质系统QSA Quality System Audit 品质系统审核QP Quality policy 目标方针QI Quality improvement 品质改善QPA Quality Process Audit 制程品质审核QT Quality target 品质目标REJ Reject 判退RMA Returned Material Authority 客户退品职责RPN Risk Priority Number 风险优先数SQE Supplier Quality Engineer 供应商品质工程师SCA R Supplier Corrective Action Report 供应商纠正措施报告SA Sample Approval 标准作业指导书SI Suspect inspection客户验货S/N Serial Number 序列号SPC Statistical Process Control 统计制程管制ST Shipment Ticket 出货单SIP Supplier Quality Report Card 检验标准指导书SOP Standard Operation Procedure 作业标准指导书S/O Sales Order 业务订单S/S Sample size 抽样检验样本大小SI-SIV Special I-Special IV 特殊抽样水平等级SQA Source Quality Assurance 供应商品质保证TE Testing engineering 测试工程TQC Total Quality Management 全面品质管理TQM Total Quality Control 全面品质管理UCL Upper control limit 管制上限USL Upper Specification Limit 规格上限VQA Vendor Quality Assurance 供应商品质保证WIP Work In Process 在制品W/H Ware House 仓库Y/R Yield Rate 良率。

管理学英文术语

[转载]管理学核心概念中英文对照原文地址：管理学核心概念中英文对照作者：jaywang第一章管理总论Manager 管理者First-line managers 基层管理者Middle managers 中层管理者Top managers 高层管理者Management 管理Efficiency 效率Effectiveness 效果Planning 计划Organizing 组织Leading 领导Controlling 控制Management process 管理过程Management roles 管理角色Interpersonal roles 人际关系角色Informational roles 信息传递角色Decisional roles 决策制定角色Technical skills 技术技能Human skills 人事技能Conceptual skills 概念技能System 系统Closed systems 封闭系统Open systems 开放系统Environment 环境Special environment 具体环境General environment 一般环境Contingency perspective 权变观Organization 组织Universality of management 管理的普遍性Nonmanagerial employees / Operatives 操作者第二章管理的历史Division of labor 劳动分工Industrial revolution 产业革命Scientific management 科学管理Therbligs 基本动作元素General administrative theorists 一般行政管理理论家Principles of management 管理原则Bureaucracy 官僚行政组织、层级组织Quantitative approach 定量方法Organizational behavior (OB) 组织行为Hawthorne Studies 霍桑研究Workforce diversity 员工多样化Entrepreneurship 企业家e-business (electronic business) 电子商务e-commerce (electronic commerce) 电子贸易、电子商务Intranet 内部互联网Total quality management (TQM) 全面质量管理Learning organization 学习型组织Knowledge management 知识管理Workplace spirituality 团队精神第三章计划Decision 决策Decision-making process 决策过程Problem 问题Decision criteria 决策标准Implementation 实施Rational decision making 理性决策Bounded rationality 有限理性Satisficing 满意Escalation of commitment 承诺升级Intuitive decision making 直觉决策Well-structured problems 结构良好问题Programmed decision 程序化决策Procedure 程序Rule 规则Policy 政策Poorly structured problems 结构不良问题Nonprogrammed decisions 非程序化决策Certainty 确定性Risk 风险性Uncertainty 不确定性Directive style 指导性风格Analytic style 分析性风格Conceptual style 概念性风格Behavioral style 行为性风格Planning 计划Goals 目标Plans 计划Strategic plans 战略计划Operational plans 作业计划Long-term plans 长期计划Short-term plans 短期计划Specific plans 具体性计划Directional plans 指导性计划Single-use plan 单一目标计划Standing plans 标准计划Traditional goal setting 传统目标设定Means-ends chain 手段－结果链Management by objectives (MBO) 目标管理Mission 使命Commitment concept 承诺概念Formal planning department 正式计划部门Strategic management 战略管理Strategic management process 战略管理过程Opportunities 机会Threats 威胁Core competencies 核心能力Strengths 优势Weaknesses 劣势SWOT analysis SWOT分析Corporate-level strategy 公司层战略Stability strategy 稳定战略Growth strategy 增长战略Related diversification 相关领域多元化经营Unrelated diversification 不相关领域多元化经营Retrenchment strategy 收缩战略BCG matrix BCG矩阵波士顿咨询集团矩阵Business-level strategy 事业层战略Strategic business units 战略经营单位Competitive advantage 竞争优势Cost leadership strategy 成本领先战略Differentiation strategy 差异化战略Focus strategy 集中化战略Functional-level strategy 职能层战略Environmental Scanning 环境扫描Competitor intelligence 竞争者情报、竞争者信息Forecasts 预测Quantitative forecasting 定量预测Qualitative forecasting 定性预测Forecasting Techniques 预测技术Benchmarking 基准化、标杆Resources 资源Budget 预算Revenue Budgets 收入预算Expense Budgets 费用预算Profit Budgets 利润预算Cash Budgets 现金预算Scheduling 进度计划、规划Gantt Charts 甘特图Load Charts 负荷图PERT network 计划评审技术网络Events 事件Activities 活动Slack time 松弛时间Critical path 关键线路Breakeven analysis 盈亏平衡分析Linear programming 线性规划Project 项目Project Management 项目管理Scenario 设想方案第四章组织Organizing 组织Organizational structure 组织结构Organizational design 组织设计Work specialization 劳动分工Departmentalization 部门化Functional departmentalization 职能部门化Product departmentalization 产品部门化Geographical departmentalization 地区部门化Process departmentalization 过程部门化Customer departmentalization 顾客部门化Cross-functional teams 跨职能团队Chain of command 指挥链Authority 职权Responsibility 职责Unity of command 统一指挥Span of control 管理幅度Centralization 集权化Decentralization 分权化Formalization 正规化Mechanistic organization 机械式组织Organic organization 有机式组织Unit production 单件生产Mass production 大量生产Process production 连续生产Simple structure 简单结构Functional structure 职能型结构Divisional structure 分部型结构Team-based structure 团队结构Matrix structure 矩阵结构Project structure 项目结构Autonomous internal units 内部自治单位Boundaryless organization 无边界组织Learning organization 学习型组织High-performance work practice 高绩效的工作实践Human resource management process 人力资源管理过程Labor union 工会Human resource planning 人力资源规划Job analysis 职务分析Job description 职务说明书Job specification 职务规范Recruitment 招聘Decruitment 解聘Selection process 甄选过程Validity 效度Reliability 信度Work sampling 工作抽样Assessment centers 测评中心Orientation 定向、导向Performance management system 绩效管理系统Written essay 书面描述法Critical incidents 关键事件法Graphic rating scales 评分表法Behaviorally anchored rating scales (BARS) 行为定位评分法Multiperson comparisons 多人比较法Group order ranking 分组排序法Individual ranking 个体排序法Paired comparison 配对比较法360 degree feedback 360度反馈skill-based pay 按技能付酬Career 职业生涯、职业Organizational change 组织变革Change agents 变革推动者Organizational development (OD) 组织发展Stress 压力Creativity 创造Innovation 创新第五章领导Behavior 行为Organizational behavior 组织行为学Attitudes 态度Cognitive component 认知成分Affective component 情感成分Behavioral component 行为成分Job satisfaction 工作满意度Job involvement 工作投入Organizational commitment 组织承诺Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) 组织公民行为Cognitive dissonance 认知失调Attitude surveys 态度调查Personality 人性Big-five model 重要的五大模型Emotional intelligence (EI) 情感智商Locus of control 控制点Machiavellianism 马基雅维里主义Self-esteem 自尊Self-monitoring 自我监控Perception 知觉Attribution theory 归因理论Fundamental attribution error 基本归因错误Self-serving bias 自我服务偏见Selectivity 有选择地接受、选择性Assumed similarity 假设相似性Stereotyping 刻板印象Learning 学习Operant conditioning 操作性条件反射Social learning theory 社会学习理论Shaping behavior 行为塑造Motivation 动机Need 需要Hierarchy of needs theory 需要层次理论Physiological needs 生理需要Safety needs 安全需要Social needs 社会需要Esteem needs 尊重需要Self-actualization needs 自我实现需要Theory X X理论Theory Y Y理论Motivation-hygiene theory 激励－保健理论Hygiene factors 保健因素Motivators 激励因素Three-needs theory 三种需要理论Need for achievement (nAch) 成就需要Need for power (nPow) 权力需要Need for affiliation (nAff) 归属需要Goal-setting theory 目标设定理论Reinforcement theory 强化理论Reinforcers 强化物Job design 职务设计Job scope 职务范围Job enlargement 职务扩大化Job enrichment 工作丰富化Job depth 职务深度Job characteristic model (JCM) 职务特征模型Skill variety 技能多样性Task identity 任务同一性Task significance 任务重要性Autonomy 自主性Feedback 反馈Equity theory 公平理论Referents 参照对象Expectancy theory 期望理论Compressed workweek 压缩工作周Flexible work hours 弹性工作制Job sharing 职务分担Contingent workers 应急工Telecommuting 电子通信，远程办公Pay-for performance programs 基于绩效的薪酬管理Open-book management 公开帐簿管理Leader 领导者Leadership 领导Behavioral theories 行为理论Autocratic style 权威式Democratic style 民主式Laissez-faire style 放任式Initiating structure 定规维度Consideration 关怀维度High-high leader 高－高型领导者Managerial grid 管理方格论Fiedler contingency model 菲德勒权变模型Least-preferred co-worker (LPC) questionnaire 最难共事者问卷Leader-member relations 领导者－成员关系，上下级关系Task structure 任务结构Position power 职位权力Situational leadership theory (SLT) 情景领导理论Readiness 准备状态Maturity 成熟度Leader participation model 领导者参与模型Path-goal theory 路径－目标理论Transactional leaders 事务型领导者Transformational leaders 变革型领导者Charismatic leader 超凡魅力的领导者Visionary leadership 愿景领导者Legitimate power 法定权Coercive power 强制权Reward power 奖赏权Expert power 专长权Referent power 模范权Credibility 可信度Trust 诚信、信任Empowerment 授权Communication 沟通Interpersonal communication 人际沟通Organizational communication 组织沟通Message 信息Encoding 编码Channel 通道、渠道Decoding 解码Communication process 沟通过程Noise 噪音Nonverbal communication 非言语沟通Body language 体态语言Verbal intonation 语调Filtering 过滤Selective perception 选择性知觉Information overload 信息超载Jargon 行话Active listening 积极倾听Formal communication 正式沟通Informal communication 非正式沟通Downward communication 下行沟通、向下交流Upward communication 上行沟通、向上交流Lateral communication 平行沟通、横向交流Diagonal communication 斜行沟通、越级交流Communication networks 沟通网络Grapevine 小道信息、谣言E-mail 电子邮件Instant messaging (IM) 即时信息Voice mail 声音邮件Fax 传真Electronic data interchange (EDI) 电子数据交换Teleconferencing 电信会议Videoconferencing 视频会议Intranet 内部互联网Extranet 外部互联网第六章控制Control 控制Market control 市场控制Bureaucratic control 官僚组织控制、层级控制Control process 控制过程Management by walking around (MBWA) 走动式管理Range of variation 偏差范围Immediate corrective action 立即纠正行动Basic corrective action 彻底纠正行动Feedforward control 前馈控制Concurrent control 同期控制、现场控制Feedback control 反馈控制。

薪酬管理专业术语(中英文对照)

1.薪酬管理总论报酬:(reward)薪酬:(compensation)总薪酬:(total compensation)薪酬管理:(compensation administration)直接薪酬:(direct compensation)间接薪酬:(indirect compensation)基本薪酬:(basic pay)可变薪酬:(variable pay)员工福利:(employee benefit)人力资源管理:(human resource management)2.战略性薪酬管理经营战略:(business strategy)竞争战略:(competition strategy)战略性薪酬管理:(strategic compensation administration)全面薪酬战略:(total compensation strategy)全面报酬战略:(total reward strategy)3.职位薪酬体系与职位评价职位薪酬:(job-based pay)职位分析:(job analysis)职位描述:(job description)职位规范:(job specification)职位评价:(job evaluation)报酬要素:(compensable factor)排序法:(ranking method)分类法:(classification method)要素计点法:(point -factor method)职位结构:(job structure)要素比较法:(factor comparison method)4.技能和能力薪酬体系深度技能:(depth skill)广度技能:(breadth skill)工作设计:(job design)技能等级:(skill level)技能认证:(skill certification)技能薪酬体系:(skill-based pay system)胜任能力:(competency)胜任能力模型:(competency model)能力薪酬:(competency-based pay)5. 薪酬水平及其外部竞争性薪酬水平:(pay level)外部竞争性:(external competitiveness)薪酬领袖政策:(lead policy)市场追随政策:(match policy)拖后政策:(lag policy)混合政策:(hybrid policy)劳动力市场:(labor market)薪酬调查:(total compensation survey)工作搜寻理论:(job search theory)信号模型理论:(signaling theory)补偿性工资差别理论:(compensating differentials theory)效率工资理论:(efficiency wage theory)保留工资理论:(reservation wage theory)6.薪酬结构设计薪酬结构:(pay structure)薪酬内部一致性:(internal consistency)薪酬区间中值:(midpoint of grade)薪酬比较比率:(compa-ratio)薪酬区间渗透度:(range penetration)薪酬区间叠幅:(range overlap)薪酬中值极差:(midpoint difference)宽带型薪酬结构:(broad-banding structure)薪酬变动范围(区间）: (salary range)7.绩效奖励与认可计划利润分享计划:(profit sharing plans)收益分享计划:(gain sharing plans)成功分享计划:(success sharing plans)股票所有权计划:(stock owns plans)标准工时计划:(standard hour plan)员工持股计划:(ESOP)绩效加薪:(merit pay)一次性奖金:(lump sum bonus)绩效奖励计划:(pay for performance plans)个人绩效奖励计划:(individual incentive plans)群体绩效奖励计划:(group incentive plans)提案建议制度:(suggestion system)特殊绩效认可计划:(special performance recognizing plans)直接计件工资计划:(straight piece rate plan)差额计件工资计划:(differential piece rate plan) 8.员工福利管理员工福利:(employee benefit)法定社会保险:(social insurance)养老保险:(pension benefit)失业保险:(unemployment insurance)医疗保险:(medical insurance)工伤保险:(injury insurance)员工服务福利:(employee services)弹性福利计划:(flexible benefit plans)福利规划:(benefit planning)福利沟通:(benefit communication)生育保险:(maternity insurance)福利管理:(benefit administration)生育保险:(maternity insurance)福利管理:(benefit administration)企业补充养老金计划:(complementary pension plans)团体人寿保险计划:(group life insurance plans)健康医疗保险计划:(health care insurance plans) 9.特殊员工群体的薪酬管理特殊员工群体:(special groups)销售人员:(sales force)专业技术人员:(professionals)外派员工:(expatriate)管理人员:(manager)佣金制:(commission system)成熟曲线:(maturity curve)双重职业发展通道:(dual career path)10.薪酬预算、控制与沟通薪酬预算:(total compensation budget)宏观接近法:(macro-approach method)微观接近法:(micro-approach method)薪酬控制:(compensation control)薪酬沟通:(compensation communication)。

管理学-管理学关键词中英文对照

管理学关键词中英文对照1．管理Manage2．管理的目标Management goal3．组织绩效Organization performance4．效益Effectiveness5．效率Efficiency6．管理的二重性Twoness of management7．管理职能Management functions8．计划Plan9．组织Organize10．指挥Command11．协调Coordinate12．控制Control13．计划职能Planning14．组织职能Organizing15．领导职能Leading16．控制职能Controlling17．管理学Management18．管理者Manager19．高层管理者Top managers20．中层管理者Middle managers21．基层管理者Fist-line managers22．组织层次Organizational levels23．管理者的角色The Role of the manager24．人际关系角色Interpersonal roles25．信息情报方面的角色Informational roles26．挂名首脑Figurehead27．监听者Monitor28．谈判者Negotiator29．决策方面的角色Decisional roles30．组织规模Organizational sale31．价值取向Value orientation32．管理者的素质Stuff of managers33．智力商数Intelligence Quotient, IQ34．情商Emotional Intelligence, EI35．情绪Mood36．情感智力Emotional Quotient, EQ37．管理技能Management skill38．技术技能Technical skill39．人际技能Human skill40．概念技能Conceptual skill41．劳动分工Divide of labor42．劳动生产力Prolificacy of work43．劳动时间Time of work44．科学管理理论Scientific management theory 45．工业革命Industrial revolution46．泰罗制Taylor’s Principles47．时间研究Labor time study48．动作研究Motion study49．一般管理理论General administrative theory 50．管理原则Principles of management51．行政组织理论Administrative organization theory 52．古典组织理论Classical organization theory 53．行政管理Administrative management54．官僚制Bureaucracy55．官僚行政组织Bureaucracy56．行为科学Behavior science57．霍桑效应Hawthorne effect58．组织行为Organization behavior59．行为科学理论Behavior school60．X –Y 理论Theory X Y61．X理论Theory X62．Y理论Theory Y63．管理理论丛林Management theory jungle64．管理过程学派Management process school 65．人际关系学派Human relation school66．人际关系Human relation67．群体行为学派Group behavior school68．经验（或案例）学派Experience school69．社会合作系统学派Social technical systems theory 70．社会技术系统学派Social technical systems theory 71．系统管理学派Systems theory school72．决策理论学派Decision theory school 73．管理科学学派Management science school 74．权变理论学派Contingencies theory school 75．权变Contingencies76．经理角色学派Manager role school77．企业文化Organization culture78．愿景Vision79．共同愿景Shared vision80．文化冲击Culture shock81．公司再造Company Reengineering82．准时生产（JIT）Just-in-time83．计算机集成制造系统（CIM）Computer integrated manufacturing 84．精益生产Lean manufacturing85．学习型组织Learning organization86．管理环境Managerial environment87．外部环境External environment88．内部环境Internal environment89．一般环境因素General environmental factors90．宏观环境因素Macro environmental factors91．直接作用因素Direct-action factors92．间接作用因素Indirect-action factors93．环境的复杂性Environmental complexity94．动态环境Dynamic environment95．PEST分析法, PEST(polictial,economic,social,technological) 96．政治与法律环境Political & Legal environment97．特殊任务环境Specific environment98．供应商Suppliers99．服务对象Service object100．顾客Customer101．竞争对手Competitors102．潜在竞争对手Potential competitors103．竞争环境Competitive environment104．竞争意识Competitive intelligence105．进入障碍Barriers to entry106．规模经济Economies of scale107．范围经济Economies of scope108．政府管理部门Government Management department109．特殊利益团体Special-interest groups110．组织内部环境Organizational environment111．组织文化Organizational culture112．使命Mission113．凝聚力Cohesiveness114．合作Collaboration115．核心竞争力Core competence116．环境设计Design for environment117．组织设计Organizational design118．社会责任Social responsibility119．社会义务Social obligation120．社会响应Social responsiveness121．管理道德Management ethics122．道德规范Morality rule123．伦理Ethics124．可持续发展Sustainable development125．全球化Globalization126．全球组织模式Global organization model127．全球性组织Global organization128．全球性外包Global outsourcing129．全球战略Global strategy130．组织利益相关者Stakeholders131．组织Organization132．组织绩效Organizational performance133．生产型组织Manufacture organization134．服务型组织Service organization135．私人组织Private organization136．公共组织Commonality organization137．正式组织Formal organization138．非正式组织Informal organization139．实体组织Entity organization140．虚拟组织Virtual organization141．商业计划Business plan142．企业家Entrepreneur143．企业家才能Entrepreneurship144．创业Entrepreneurship145．创业机会分析Opportunity analysis146．组织目标Organizational goals147．研究与开发(R&D)Research and development 148．目标管理（MBO）Management by objective 149．企业Enterprise150．小企业Small business151．企业法人Corporation152．组织的法律形式Legal forms of organization 153．独资企业Solely- invested enterprise154．个人业主制企业 Sole proprietorship155．合伙制企业Partnership enterprise156．公司制企业Corporation157．有限责任公司Limited liability partnership 158．股份有限公司Limited liability Company 159．无限公司Unlimited company160．两合公司Limited partnership161．企业集团Group company162．劳动密集型企业Labor denseness enterprise 163．资金密集型企业Capital denseness enterprise 164．知识密集型企业Knowledge denseness enterprise 165．股东Shareholder166．董事Director167．董事会Directorate168．监事Monitor169．总经理General manager170．首席执行官（CEO）Chief executive officer171．非营利性组织Nonprofit organitation172．企业生命周期The corporate lifecycles173．发展Development174．萌芽阶段Embryonic stage175．衰退阶段Decline stage176．环境的不确定性Environmental uncertainty 177．组织变革Organization transform178．障碍Obstacle179．核心能力Core competencies180．战略Strategy181．战略管理Strategic management182．战略单位Strategic business units183．企业战略Enterprise strategy184．业务战略Business stratagem185．战略实施Strategy implementation186．差异化Differentiation187．差异化战略Differentiation strategy188．集中战略Concentration strategy189．一体化Intgeration190．纵向一体化V ertical integration191．同业多样化战略Concentric diversification strategy 192．战略联盟Strategic alliance193．合作战略Cooperative strategies194．机会Opportunities195．威胁Threats196．优势Strengths197．劣势Weaknesses198．风险Venture199．SWOT分析SWOT analysis200．成长战略Growth strategies201．稳固战略Stability strategies202．撤退战略Retrenchment strategies203．战略方针Strategic policy204．战略目标Strategic goles205．战略步骤Strategic process206．战略重点Strategic keystone207．战略措施Strategic measure208．预测Forecasting209．长期预测Long-time forecast210．中期预测Metaphase forecast211．短期预测Short-time forecast212．定性预测方法Qualitative forecast213．定量预测方法Quantitative forecast214．德尔菲法Dalphi Method215．讨论Discussion216．集合意见法Jury of opinion217．头脑风暴法Brainstorming218．时间序列法Time series analysis models 219．因果分析法Cause and effect analysis models 220．回归分析预测法Regression modals221．决策Decision222．决策过程Decision –making process 223．问题Problem224．决策标准Decision criteria225．权重Weights226．备选方案Alternatives227．最优化决策Optimum decision228．满意Satisfied229．评价Evaluating230．直觉决策Intuitive decision231．定性决策Qualitative decision232．定量决策Quantitative decision233．战略决策Stratagem decision making234．战术决策Tactics decision235．程序化决策Programmed decision236．非程序化决策Nonprogrammed decision 237．确定型决策Certain decision238．风险型决策Risk decisions239．不确定型决策Uncertain decision240．长期决策Long-term decision241．中期决策Intermediate-term decision242．短期决策Short-term decision243．个人决策Person decision244．集体决策Group decision245．有限理性Bounded rationality246．量本利分析法Breakeven analysis247．盈亏平衡点Breakeven point248．固定成本Fixed costs249．变动成本Variable costs250．决策树Decision tree251．悲观决策法Pessimistic decision252．乐观决策法Optimistic decision253．折衷决策法Compromise decision254．机会均等决策法Occasion equalization decision 255．最小后悔值决策法Regardless decision 256．计划Plan257．执行计划Execute plan258．宗旨Aim259．使命Mission260．目标Goal261．战略Stratagem262．政策Policy263．程序Process264．规则Rule265．规划Program266．项目Project267．预算Budget268．环境扫描Environmental scanning269．长期计划Long-term plans270．中期计划Intermediate-term plans271．短期计划Short-term plans272．战略计划Strategic plans273．业务计划Operational plans274．综合计划Synthetic plans275．局部计划Department plans276．项目计划Project plans277．高层管理计划Top management plans278．中层管理计划Middle management plans279．基层管理计划Fist-line management plans280．生产计划Manufacture281．供应计划Provide plans282．新产品开发计划New product plan283．营销计划Marketing plans284．财务计划Finance plans285．人事计划Human plans286．情境计划Scenario planning287．后勤保障计划Service ensure plans288．指令性计划Mandatory plans289．指导性计划Directional plans290．派生（辅助）计划Derivative plans291．甘特图Gantt chart292．滚动计划方法Rolling plan technique293．网络计划技术Network plan technique294．项目评审法(PERT) Program Evaluation and review techniques 295．线性规划Linear programming296．组织Organizing297．组织结构Organizational structure298．组织工作Organize299．劳动分工Division of labor300．统一指挥Unity of command301．职权Authority302．职责Accountability303．直线权力Line authority304．参谋权力Staff authority305．职能权力Function authority306．组织设计Organizational design307．组织结构设计Organizational structure design 308．组织手册Organization handbook309．职位说明书Job description310．组织系统图Organization system chart 311．组织规模Organization scale312．机械式的结构Mechanistic organization 313．单件生产Unit production314．小量生产Small production315．成批生产Process production316．大量生产Mass production317．连续生产Continuum production318．目标原则Goal principle319．管理幅度Span of control320．指控链Chain of command321．管理层次Chain of command322．岗位设定Job design323．工作分析Job analysis324．岗位设定Job design325．岗位轮换Job rotation326．多样化培训Diversity training327．岗位扩大化Job enlargement328．岗位丰富化Job enrichment329．部门划分Departmentalization330．部门化Departmentalization331．职能部门Functional department332．产品部门化Product departmentalization 333．地区划分部分Geographical departmentalization 334．顾客划分部门Customer departmentalization 335．管理者的能力Ma nager’s ability336．扁平型组织Flattening organization337．锥型组织Awl organization338．组织构架Organizational architecture339．机械式组织Mechanistic organization340．有机式组织Organic organization341．集权Centralization of state power342．集权组织Centralized organization343．分权Decentralization of state power344．分权组织Decentralized organization345．委员会制Committee system346．直线制组织结构Line strcture347．职能制组织结构Functional structure348．直线职能制组织结构Line-functional structure349．事业部制组织机构Divisional structure350．矩陈制组织结构Matrix structure351．专门工作组Bottlegging352．模拟分权制组织Simulation Decentralized organization 353．网络结构Network structure354．领导Leading355．领导Leadership356．职位权力Position power357．个人影响Referent power358．合法权Legitimate authority359．奖赏权Reward power360．惩罚权Punish right361．模范权Exemplary right362．专长权Specialty right363．魅力权Glamour right364．感情权Affection right365．士气Morale366．领导风格Leadership styles367．专制作风Autocratic styles368．民主作风Democratic styles369．放任作风Laissez-faire styles370．领导行为理论Behavioral approach371．管理方格图Managerial grid chart372．贫乏型管理Impoverished management373．任务型管理Task management374．俱乐部型管理Country club management375．中庸型的管理Middle –of –the- road management 376．团队型的管理Team management377．领导权变理论Contingency theory378．菲德勒的权变理论Fiedler contingency model379．“任务导向型”的领导方式Task –oriented leadership 380．“关系导向型”的领导方式Relationship-oriented leadership 381．菲德勒模型The Fiedler model382．情境领导理论Situational leadership theory383．途径——目标理论Path –goal theory384．教练Coach385．指导Coaching386．授权Authorization387．沟通Communicate388．消息Message389．渠道Channel390．传言链Grapevine chains391．语言沟通Verbal communication392．非语言沟通Nonverbal communication393．身体语言Body language394．过滤Filtering395．正式沟通Formal communication396．非正式沟通Informal communication397．小道消息Grapevine398．横向沟通Horizontal communication399．单向沟通One –way communication400．对上沟通Upward communication401．对下沟通Downward communication402．斜向沟通Diagonal communication403．沟通网络Communication network404．链式沟通网络Chain communication network 405．环式沟通网络Round communication network 406．Y式沟通网络Y communication network407．纵向沟通网络Vertical communication network 408．轮式沟通网络Wheel communication network 409．全通道式沟通网络All channel communication network 410．团队管理Team management411．激励Motivation412．激励因素Motivators413．需求Needs414．诱因Inducement415．动机Motivation416．行为Action417．绩效Performance418．激励理论Motivation theory419．内容型激励理论Content motivation theory420．积极性Enthusiasm421．需求层次理论Hierarchy of needs theory422．需求Need423．需求层次Need hierarchy424．生理需要Physiological needs425．安全需要Safety needs426．社交需要Social need427．尊重需要Esteem need428．自我实现需要Self –actualization needs 429．“ERG”理论ERG theory430．存在需要Existence need431．关系需要Relatedness need432．成长需要Growth need433．成就激励论Three-need theory434．成就需要Need for achievement435．权力需要Need for power436．合群需要Need for affiliation437．双因素理论Two –factors theory438．激励——保健理论Motivation –Hygiene theory 439．保健因素Hygiene factors440．激励因素Motivation factors441．满意Satisfaction442．不满意Dissatisfaction443．过程型激励理论Process motivation theory 444．期望Expectancy445．期望理论Expectancy theory446．效价Valence447．努力Make great efforts448．期望Expectation449．公平理论Equity theory450．投入Input451．产出Outcomes452．公平Equity453．不公平Inequity454．外在强化Extrinsic rewards455．内在强化Intrinsic rewards456．强化理论Reinforcement theory457．正强化Positive reinforcement458．负强化Negative reinforcement459．规避性学习Avoidance learning460．修正行为Behavior modification461．搭便车Hitchhike462．投机心理Venture psychology463．消退Fade away464．目标激励法Goal –setting theory465．报酬激励法Reward –setting theory466．工资Wage467．津贴Allowance468．认可Certificate469．赞赏Admiration470．奖惩Rewards and punishment471．惩罚Punishment472．考评Appraise473．控制Control474．控制系统Control system475．信息Information476．反馈Feedback477．信息反馈Information feedback478．控制论Cybernectics479．偏差Warp480．纠正Rectify481．前馈控制Feedforward control482．实时控制Real-time control483．反馈控制Feedback control484．业绩考核Performance appraisals 485．财务报表Financial statement486．资产负债表Balance sheet487．损益表Income statement488．现金流量表Statement of cash flow 489．预算Budgeting490．预算控制Budgeting control491．财务预算Financial budget492．业务预算Operation budget493．销售预算Sell budget494．生产预算Production budget495．生产进度日程表Production schedule table 496．内部审计Internal audit497．外部审计External audit498．创新Innovation499．技术创新Technoiogical innovations 500．产品创新Product innovation501．流程再造Process reengineering502．产品设计Product design503．首席技术官Chief technology officier。

现代管理名词中英文对照

现代管理名词中英文对照管理类专业术语一览（English）（资料来源：alibaba网站）Aaccess discrimination 进入歧视 action research 动作研究adjourning 解散 adhocracy 特别结构administrative principle 管理原则 artifacts 人工环境artificial intelligence 人工智能工巧匠 avoiding learning 规避性学习ambidextrous approach 双管齐下策略Bbalance sheet 资产负债表 BCG matrix 波士顿咨询集团矩阵bona fide occupation qualifications 善意职业资格审查bounded rationality 有限理性 bureaucracy 官僚机构 benchmarking 标杆瞄准 bounded rationality perspective 有限理性方法boundary-spanning roles 跨超边界作用CComputer-aided design and computer-automated manufacturing(CAD/CAM) 计算机辅助设计与计算机自动生产confrontation 对话 consortia 企业联合change agent 变革促进者 chaos theory 混沌理论charismatic leaders 魅力型领导者 charity principle 博爱原则BRP(Business Process Reengineering) 业务流程再造CIO(Chief Information Officer) 首席信息官CMIS(Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems) 计算机集成制造系统CRM(Customer Relationship Management) 客户关系管理DFD(Date Flow Diagram) 数据流程图DSS 决策支持系统EDP 电子数据处理EDI 电子数据交换EFT 电子资金转账ERP 企业资源规划HER(Electronic Human Resource) 电子化人力资源管理IEM 信息工程方法论IRM(Information Resource Management) 信息资源管理IRP(Information Resource Planning) 信息资源计划IS(Information System) 信息系统KMS 知识管理系统MIS(Management Information System) 管理信息系统SBU(Strategic Business Units) 战略业务单元SET 安全电子交易协议SCM(Supply Chain Management) 供应链管理SIS(Strategic Information Systems) 战略信息系统VRM(Vendor Relationship Management) 供应商关系管理VO(Virtual Organization) 虚拟组织VC(Virtual Corporation) 虚拟企业3E(Efficient Effective Economical) 高效实效经济(Hierarchy of Needs Theory) 马斯洛需求层次理论(Line Structure) 直线结构(Line and Function System) 直线职能制(Multidivisional Structure) 事业部制(Product Division structure) 产业事业部结构(Multi-division Structure) 多事业部结构(Matrix Structure) 矩阵结构(Concurrent Control) 同期控制(Feed Forward Control) 前馈控制B2C(Business to Consumer)B2B(Business to Business)B2G(Business to Government)SWOT分析矩阵S(Strengths)组织内部资源条件的优势W(Weakness)组织内部资源条件的劣势O(Opportunities)外部环境变化后存在的机会T(Threats)外部环境变化后带来的威胁coercive power 强制权 cohesiveness 凝聚力collaborative management 合作型管理 comparable worth 可比较价值competitive benchmarking 竞争性基准 confrontation meeting 碰头会constancy of purpose 永久性目标 contingency approach 权变理论corporate social performance 公司社会表现 corporate social responsibility公司社会责任corporate social responsiveness公司社会反应 critical incident 关键事件current assets 流动资产 current liabilities 流动负债culture strength 文化强度 creative department 创造性部门craft technology 技艺性技术 contextual dimension 关联性维度continuous process production 连续加工生产 collectivity stage 集体化阶段clan control 小团体控制 clan culture 小团体文化coalition 联合团体 collaborative 协作网络centrality 集中性 centraliazation 集权化charismatic authority 竭尽忠诚的权力Ddecentralization 分权 democracy management 民主管理departmentalization 部门化 differential rate system 差别报酬系统dialectical inquiry methods 辩证探求法 division of labor 劳动分工downward mobility 降职流动 dynamic engagement 动态融合dynamic network 动态网络 domain 领域direct interlock 直接交叉 divisional form 事业部模式differentiation strategy 差别化战略 decision premise 决策前提dual-core approach 二元核心模式Eelectronic data-processing(EDP) 电子数据处理 employee-oriented style 员工导向型风格empowerment 授权 encoding 解码end-user computing 终端用户计算系统 entrepreneurship 企业家精神equity 净资产 equity theory 公平理论espoused value 信仰价值 ethnocentric manager 种族主义的管理者expectancy theory 期望理论 expense budget 支出预算expense center 费用中心 external audit 外部审计external stakeholders 外部利益相关者 extrinsic rewards 外部奖励ethic ombudsperson 伦理巡视官 external adaption 外部适应性elaboration stage 精细阶段 entrepreneurial stage 创业阶段escalating commitment 顽固认同Ffamily group 家庭集团 financial statement 财务报表flat hierarchies 扁平型结构 flexible budget 弹性预算force-field theory 场力理论 formal authority 合法权力formal systematic appraisal 正式的系统评估 franchise 特许经营权formalization stage 规范化阶段 functional grouping 职能组合formal channel of communication 正式沟通渠道G game theory 博弈论 general financial condition 一般财务状况geocentric manager 全球化管理者 general manager 总经理globalization 全球化 gossip chain 传言链grapevine 传言网 global strategic partnership 全球战略伙伴关系general environment 一般环境 generalist 全面战略geographic grouping 区域组合 global company 全球公司global geographic structure 全球区域结构HHawthorne effect 霍桑效应 heuristic principles 启发性原理hierarchy 科层制度 hiring specification 招聘细则horizontal linkage model 横向联系模型 hybrid structure 混合结构high tech 高接触 high-velocity environments 高倍速环境Iimpoverished management 放任式管理 income statement 损益表information transformation 信息转换 infrastructure 基础设施integrative process 整合过程 intelligent enterprises 智力企业internal audit 内部审计 internal stakeholder 内部相关者internship 实习 intrapreneurship 内部企业家精神intrinsic reward 内在报酬 inventory 库存, 存货internal integration 内部整合 interorganization relationship 组织间的关系intergroup conflict 团体间冲突 interlocking directorate 交叉董事会institutional perspective 机构的观点 intuitive decision making 直觉决策idea champion 构思倡导者 incremental change 渐进式变革informal organizational structure 非正式组织结构informal performance appraisal 非正式业绩评价Jjob description 职务描述 job design 职务设计job enlargement 职务扩大化 job enrichment 职务丰富化job rotation 职务轮换 job specialization 职务专业化Kkey performance areas 关键业务区 key result areas 关键绩效区Llabor productivity index 劳动生产力指数 laissez management 自由化管理large batch production 大批量生产 lateral communication 横向沟通leadership style 领导风格 least preferred co-worker(LPC)最不喜欢的同事legitimate power 合法权力 liability 负债 liaison 联络者 line authority 直线职权liquidity 流动性 liaison role 联络员角色long-linked technology 纵向关联技术 losses from conflict 冲突带来的损失low-cost leadership 低成本领先Mmanagement by objective 目标管理 Managerial Grid 管理方格matrix bosses 矩阵主管 management champion 管理倡导者materials-requirements planning(MRP) 物料需求计划 Mslow,s hierarchy of needs 马斯洛需求层次论marketing argument 管理文化多元化营销观 multiculturalism 文化多元主义multidivisional firm 多部门公司 moral rules 道德准则management by walking around(MBWA) 走动式管理matrix structure 矩阵结构 multinational enterprise(MNE) 跨国公司moral relativism 道德相对主义 mechanistic system 机械式组织middle-of-the-road management 中庸式管理 meso theory 常态理论multidomestic strategy 多国化战略mediating technology 调停技术Nnaïve relativism 朴素相对主义 need-achievement 成就需要 norming 规范化 norms 规范 nonprogrammed decisions 非程序化决策nonsubstitutability 非替代性 nonroutine technology 非例行技术niche 领地Ooff-the-job training 脱产培训 on-the-job training 在职培训operational budget 运营预算 order backlog 订单储备organic system 有机系统 organizational development(OD) 组织发展orientation 定位 outcome interdependence 结果的相互依赖性outplacement services 外延服务 organization ecosystem 组织生态系统Pparadox of authority 权威的矛盾 paradox of creativity 创造力的矛盾paradox of disclosure 开放的矛盾 paradox of identify 身份的矛盾paradox of individuality 个性的矛盾 paradox of regression 回归的矛盾partial productivity 部分生产率 participative management 参与式管理path-goal model 路径目标模型 peer recruiter 同级招聘political action committees(PACs) 政治活动委员会polycentric manager 多中心管理者 portfolio framework 业务组合框架portfolio investment 资产组合投资 positive reinforcement 正强化production flexibility 生产柔性 profitability 收益率programmed decisions 程序化决策 psychoanalytic view 精神分析法paradigm 范式 personal ratios 人员比例pooled dependence 集合性依存 professional bureaucracy 专业官僚机构problem identification 问题识别 problemistic search 问题搜寻population ecology model 种群生态模型Qquality 质量 quality circle 质量圈question mark 问题类市场 quid pro quo 交换物Rrational model of decision making 理性决策模式realistic job preview(RJP) 实际工作预览reciprocal interdependence 相互依存性resource dependence 资源依赖理论routine technology 例行技术 retention 保留rational approach 理性方法 rational model 理性模型rational-legal authority 理性—合法权威S semivariable cost 准可变成本 sense of potency 力量感sensitivity training 敏感性训练 sexual harassment 性骚扰short-run capacity changes 短期生产能力变化 single-strand chain 单向传言链situational approach 情境方法 situational force 情境力量situational leadership theory 情境领导理论 sliding-scale budget 移动规模预算small-batch production 小规模生产 sociotechnical approaches 社会科技方法span of management 管理幅度 staff authority 参谋职权standing plan 长设计划 step budget 分步预算stewardship principle 管家原则 stimulus 刺激storming 调整阶段 strategic management 战略管理strategic partnering 战略伙伴关系 strategy formulation 战略制定strategy implementation 战略实施 strategic control 战略控制strategic contingencies 战略权变 satisficing 满意度subsystems 子系统 subunits 子单位synergy 协同 system boundary 系统边界structure dimension 结构性维度 sequential interdependence 序列性依存self-directed team 自我管理型团队 specialist 专门战略strategy and structure changes 战略与结构变革symptoms of structural deficiency 结构无效的特征Ttall hierarchies 高长型科层结构 task force or project team 任务小组或项目团队task independence 任务的内部依赖性 task management 任务型管理task-oriented style 任务导向型管理风格 total productivity 全部生产率Total Quality Management 全面质量管理 training positions 挂职培训training program 培训程序 transactional leaders 交易型领导transformational leaders 变革型领导 treatment discrimination 歧视待遇two-factory theory 双因素理论 two-boss employees 双重主管员工technical or product champion 技术或产品的倡导者Uunfreezing 解冻 unit production 单位产品Vvariation 变种子 variety 变量valence 效价 variable costs 可变成本vertical communication 纵向沟通 vertical integration 纵向一体化vestibule training 仿真培训 volume flexibility 产量的可伸缩性vertical linkage 纵向连接 venture team 风险团队value based leadership 基于价值的领导Wwin-lose situation 输赢情境 win-win situation 双赢情境workforce literacy 员工的读写能力 work in progress 在制品work flow redesign 工作流程再造成 work flow automation 工作流程自动化 whistle blowing 揭发Zzero-sum 零---和zone of indifference(area of acceptance) 无差异区域(可接受区域)。

质量管理中英文专业术语

质量管理中英文专业术语MVT:Mass Verification Test 多項驗證測試ORT:On Going Reliability Test 出貨信賴性測試S/W:software 軟件H/W:hardware 硬件DCN:Design Change Notice 設計變更通知PVT:Production Verification Test 生產驗證測試MTF:Modulation Transfer Function 調整轉換功能CAT:Carriage Alignment Tool 載器調整具ID:Industrial Design 工業設計(外觀設計)PCBA:Printed Circuit Board Assembly 電路板組裝F/T:Function Test 功能測試CCD:Charge Coupled Device 掃描器之讀器ERS:External Reference Spec 外部規格PMP:Production Management Plan 工程管理計劃QA Quality Assurance 質量保證QRA :Quality & Reliability Assurance質量與可靠性保證MQA :Manufacturing Quality Assurance 製造質量保證DQA:Design Quality Assurance 設計質量保證QC:Quality Control 質量控制IQC:Incoming Quality Control 收益質量控制VQC:Vendor Quality Control 售貨質量控制IPQC:In Process Quality Control 制程質量控制OQA:Out going Quality Control 出貨質量控制QE:Quality Engineer 質量工程AQL:Acceptable Quality Level 可接受的質量水平DPPM:Defective Pieces Per Million units 百萬件中有損件數PPM:Pieces Per Million 百萬分之一CS:Custom Service 顧客服務MRB:Marerial Review BoardDMR Defective Material Report 材料缺陷報告RMA:Return Marerial Administration 材料回收處理Life Test壽命測試T/C:Temperature Cycle 溫度循環H/T:High Temperature Test 高溫測試L/T:Low Temperature Test 低溫測試ISO:International Standard Organization 國際標準化組織SPC:Statistic process control 統計過程控制5S:整理.整頓.清理.清掃.素養VMI:Visual Mechanical Inspection 外觀機構檢驗MIL-STD:Military Standard 美軍標準SPEC:Specification 規格AVL:Approval Vendor List 合格廠商QVL:Qualified Vendor List 合格廠商FQC:Final Quality Control 最終質量控制OBA:Open Box Audit 成品檢驗EAR:Engineering Analysis Request FAI: First Article Inspection 首件檢驗VQM:Vendor Quality Management 廠商質量管理CAR:Corrective Action Request 改進對策要求4M:Man; Machine; Material; Method 人,機,材,方法5M:Man; Machine; Material; Method; Mwasurment 人,機,材,方法,測量MTBF:Mean Time Between Failure 平均壽命TTL:Total FIN Finance&Accounting 財務與賬目P&L:Profit & Lose PV : Performance Variance 現象差異3 Element of Cost = M,L,O M:Material 材料L:Labor 人力Overhead 管理費用Fix OH Fix Overhead 固定管理費用Var OH Variable Overhead 不定管理費用COGS Cost Of Goods Sold 工廠製造成本AR:Account Receivable 應收AP:Account Payable 應支MIS Management Information System 資迅管理系統IS:Information System 資迅系統IT:Information Technology 系統技術MRP:Material Requisition Plan 材料需求計劃I2:Information Integration System 資迅整合系統SAP:System Application Programming 系統申請項目ERP:Enterprise Resource Programming 企業資源項目HR Human Resource 人力資源PR:Public relation 公共關係T/O:Turn Over Rate=Monthly T/O Total People*12 GR: General Affair 總務Organization 組織HQ Head Quarter 總公司Chairmen 主席Lite-On Group 光寶集團President總裁Executive Vice President 常務副總裁Vice President 副總裁HR Human Resource 人力資源部FIN Finance 財務Sales 銷售R&D:Research & Developing 研發部QA:質量保證QA DQA CSMIS:Management Information System 資迅管理系統PUR採購PurchasingIMD:Image Management Division 影像管理事業部ITS:Information Technology System 電腦部QRA:Quality Reliability Assurance 品保部MFG:Manufacturing 製造部PMC:Production & Material Control 生(產)物(料)管(理) Materials 材料PC: Production Control 生產控制MPS:Mass Production Schedule 量產計劃FGI:Finished goods Inventory 成品存貨UTS:Units To Stock 存貨單元WIP:Working In Process Inventory 在制品。

质量管理专业术语中英文对照

简写全称中文QC quality control 品质管理人员FQC final quality control 最终质量管理人员IPQC in process quality control 制程中的质量管理人员OQC output quality control 出货质量管理人员IQC incoming quality control 进料质量管理人员TQC total quality control 全面质量管理POC passage quality control 段检人员QA quality assurance 质量保证人员OQA output quality assurance 出货质量保证人员QE quality engineering 质量工程人员FAI first article inspection 新品首件检查FAA first article assurance 首件确认CPK capability process index 制程能力参数SSQA standardized supplier quality audit 合格供货商质量评估FMEA failure model effectiveness analysis 失效模式分析AQL Acceptable Quality Level 运作类允收质量水平S/S Sample size 抽样检验样本大小BOM Bill Of Material 物料清单PS Package Specification 包装规范SPEC Specification 规格DWG Drawing 图面SPC Statistical Process Control 统计制程管制SOC Statistical Quality Control 统计质量管理GR&R Gauge Reproductiveness & Repeatability 量测系统分析OCC Quality Control Circle 品管圈PDCA Plan Do Check Action 计划，执行，检查，总结ME Manufacture Engineering 制造工程PE Project Engineering 制程改善IE Industrial Engineering 工业工程ISO International Standard Organization 国际标准化组织D/C Date Code 生产日期码ID/C Identification Code (供货商)识别码CAR Correction Action Report 改善报告PPAP Product Part Approval Procedure 生产零组件批准程序ACC Accept 允收REE Reject 拒收CR Critical 极严重的MAJ Major 主要的MIN Minor 轻微的Q/R/S Quality/Reliability/Service 质量/可靠度/服务P/N Part Number 料号L/N Lot Number 批号AOD Accept On Deviation 特采UAI Use As It 特采PPM Percent Per Million 百万分之一ECN Engineering Change Notice 工程变更通知(供货商) ECO Engineering Change Order 工程改动要求(客户) PCN Process Change Notice 工序改动通知PMP Product Management Plan 制程管制计划SIP Standard Inspection Procedure 制程检验标准程序SOP Standard Operation Procedure 制造作业规范6S Seiri 整理Seiton 整顿Seiso 清扫Seiktsu 清洁Shitsuke 教养Safety 安全。

管理学常用词汇中英文对照表

（1）目标 mission/ objective集体目标 group objective内部环境 internal environment外部环境 external environment计划 planning组织 organizing人事 staffing领导 leading控制 controlling步骤 process原理 principle方法 technique经理 manager总经理 general manager行政人员 administrator主管人员 supervisor企业 enterprise商业 business产业 industry公司 company效果 effectiveness效率 efficiency企业家 entrepreneur权利 power职权 authority职责 responsibility科学管理 scientific management现代经营管理 modern operational management 行为科学 behavior science生产率 productivity激励 motivate动机 motive法律 law法规 regulation经济体系 economic system管理职能 managerial function产品 product服务 service利润 profit满意 satisfaction归属 affiliation自我实现 self-actualization人力投入 human input盈余 surplus收入 income成本 cost资本货物 capital goods机器 machinery设备 equipment建筑 building存货 inventory（2）经验法 the empirical approach人际行为法 the interpersonal behavior approach集体行为法 the group behavior approach协作社会系统法 the cooperative social systems approach 社会技术系统法 the social-technical systems approach 决策理论法 the decision theory approach数学法 the mathematical approach系统法 the systems approach随机制宜法 the contingency approach管理任务法 the managerial roles approach经营法 the operational approach人际关系 human relation心理学 psychology态度 attitude压力 pressure冲突 conflict招聘 recruit鉴定 appraisal选拔 select培训 train报酬 compensation授权 delegation of authority协调 coordinate业绩 performance考绩制度 merit system表现 behavior下级 subordinate偏差 deviation检验记录 inspection record误工记录 record of labor-hours lost产品质量 quality of products先进技术 advanced technology 顾客服务 customer service策略 strategy结构 structure(3)领先性 primacy普遍性 pervasiveness忧虑 fear忿恨 resentment士气 morale解雇 layoff批发 wholesale零售 retail程序 procedure规则 rule规划 program预算 budget共同作用 synergy大型联合企业 conglomerate资源 resource购买 acquisition增长目标 growth goal专利产品 proprietary product竞争对手 rival晋升 promotion管理决策 managerial decision商业道德 business ethics有竞争力的价格 competitive price 供货商 supplier小贩 vendor利益冲突 conflict of interests派生政策 derivative policy开支帐户 expense account批准程序 approval procedure病假 sick leave休假 vacation工时 labor-hour机时 machine-hour资本支出 capital outlay工资率 wage rate税收率 tax rate股息 dividend现金状况 cash position资金短缺 capital shortage总预算 overall budget资产负债表 balance sheet可行性 feasibility投入原则 the commitment principle 投资回报 return on investment生产能力 capacity to produce实际工作者 practitioner最终结果 end result业绩 performance个人利益 personal interest福利 welfare市场占有率 market share创新 innovation生产率 productivity利润率 profitability社会责任 public responsibility董事会 board of director组织规模 size of the organization组织文化 organizational culture目标管理 management by objectives 评价工具 appraisal tool激励方法 motivational techniques控制手段 control device个人价值 personal worth优势 strength弱点 weakness机会 opportunity威胁 threat个人责任 personal responsibility顾问 counselor定量目标 quantitative objective定性目标 qualitative objective可考核目标 verifiable objective优先 priority工资表 payroll（4）政策 policy灵活性 discretion多种经营 diversification评估 assessment一致性 consistency应变策略 consistency strategy公共关系 public relation价值 value抱负 aspiration偏见 prejudice审查 review批准 approval主要决定 major decision分公司总经理 division general manager 资产组合距阵 portfolio matrix明星 star问号 question mark现金牛 cash cow赖狗 dog采购 procurement人口因素 demographic factor地理因素 geographic factor公司形象 company image产品系列 product line合资企业 joint venture破产政策 liquidation strategy紧缩政策 retrenchment strategy战术 tactics(5)追随 followership个性 individuality性格 personality安全 safety自主权 latitude悲观的 pessimistic静止的 static乐观的 optimistic动态的 dynamic灵活的 flexible抵制 resistance敌对 antagonism(6)激励 motivation潜意识 subconscious地位 status情感 affection欲望 desire压力 pressure满足 satisfaction自我实现的需要 needs for self-actualization 尊敬的需要 esteem needs归属的需要 affiliation needs安全的需要 security needs生理的需要 physiological needs维持 maintenance保健 hygiene激励因素 motivator概率 probability强化理论 reinforcement theory反馈 feedback奖金 bonus股票期权 stock option劳资纠纷 labor dispute缺勤率 absenteeism人员流动 turnover奖励 reward(7)特许经营 franchise热诚 zeal信心 confidence鼓舞 inspire要素 ingredient忠诚 loyalty奉献 devotion作风 style品质 trait适应性 adaptability进取性 aggressiveness热情 enthusiasm人际交往能力 interpersonal skills行政管理能力 administrative ability智力 intelligence专制式领导 autocratic leader民主式领导 democratic leader自由放任式领导 free-rein leader管理方格图 the managerial grid工作效率 work efficiency服从 obedience领导行为 leader behavior支持型领导 supportive leadership参与型领导 participative leadership指导型领导 instrumental leadership成就取向型领导 achievement-oriented leadership。

工商管理专业课中英文对照

marketing human resource management financial accounting accounting computerization organizational behavior logistics management financial management tax law risk management production and operations management management accounting assets valuation taxation accounting and tax planning investment E-commerce
资源空间学企业运营模拟(电子沙盘)
business administration 英文名称 Introduction to Business Administration management accounting operations research economics statistics economic law Enterprises Strategic Management management information system english for business administration
Resource Space Science Business opera 商务谈判广告学消费者行为学
管理沟通国际贸易理论与实务金融学技术经济学服务营销高级财务会计项目管理数据库技术及应用高级财务管理资本市场财务报表分析薪酬管理组织设计与工作分析创业管理投资项目评估计量经济学与eviews软件应用 EXCEL在会计与财务管理中的应用财务管理案例分析综合会计业务实验市场营销综合实训审计学汽车概论

项目管理专业术语中英文对照表

验收 - (Acceptance)指客户检查接受项目交付物的过程。

活动 - (Activity)指在项目中的任何消耗资源(人力、物理和设施)、产生相应成本并且生产出一项或多项产品的过程。

活动通常会在项目工作分解结构(WBS)中明确展示。

现货 - (Actuals)指项目或其他活动中的实际成本和消耗。

这是一个测量值，通常会被用来与计划或预期值做比较。

假设 - (Assumption)预先接受为正确但缺乏证据的事物或定义。

假设通常会发生在项目规划阶段并且被用来作为估算的基础。

应当将所有的假设都记录下来;如果某假设在后期被证明不正确，可以对计划和估算做出相应地调整。

基线 - (Baseline)基线是一个快照：一个被记录在案的项目所处位置或状态。

尽管项目所处的位置以后可能会被更新，但基线始终保持不变，并可被作为原始状态的参照与当前项目位置的对照。

基线产品，例如软件系统，应当被永久地记录在案，以便于在将来的任何时间召回。

预算 - (Budget)经分配的、用于执行项目工作的款额及其他资源。

商业论证 - (Business Case)指启动和继续一个项目的原因和依据。

商业论证应当定义出项目可产生的商业及其他收益，以及项目的成本和时长。

商业论证同时还指出如何衡量项目的成功商业需求 - (Business Requirements)指的是利益相关者对完成项目的商业要求。

在项目起始阶段，商业需求处于较高等级，但随着项目的发展，这些需求被不断地提炼并最终被细致地记录在正式的文件中。

变更控制 - (Change Control)指按照计划的范围、工期和预算来管理控制变更。

在小型项目中变更控制可能采用非书面的、非正式的方式，但是在大型项目中，变更控制意味着一个牵涉很多项目利益相关者的、正式的过程(变更控制委员会)变更控制委员会 - (Change Control Board (CCB))由利益相关者组成的团体，负责批准或否决对项目基线的变更。

管理学中英文单词对照

第一章管理总论Manager 管理者First-line managers 基层管理者Middle managers 中层管理者Top managers 高层管理者Management 管理Efficiency 效率Effectiveness 效果Planning 计划Organizing 组织Leading 领导Controlling 控制Management process 管理过程Management roles 管理角色Interpersonal roles 人际关系角色Informational roles 信息传递角色Decisional roles 决策制定角色Technical skills 技术技能Human skills 人事技能Conceptual skills 概念技能System 系统Closed systems 封闭系统Open systems 开放系统Environment 环境Special environment 具体环境General environment 一般环境Contingency perspective 权变观Organization 组织Universality of management 管理的普遍性Nonmanagerial employees / Operatives 操作者第二章管理的历史Division of labor 劳动分工Industrial revolution 产业革命Scientific management 科学管理Therbligs 基本动作元素General administrative theorists 一般行政管理理论家Principles of management 管理原则Bureaucracy 官僚行政组织、层级组织Quantitative approach 定量方法Organizational behavior (OB) 组织行为Hawthorne Studies 霍桑研究Workforce diversity 员工多样化Entrepreneurship 企业家e—business (electronic business) 电子商务e-commerce (electronic commerce）电子贸易、电子商务Intranet 内部互联网Total quality management (TQM）全面质量管理Learning organization 学习型组织Knowledge management 知识管理Workplace spirituality 团队精神第三章计划Decision 决策Decision-making process 决策过程Problem 问题Decision criteria 决策标准Implementation 实施Rational decision making 理性决策Bounded rationality 有限理性Satisficing 满意Escalation of commitment 承诺升级Intuitive decision making 直觉决策Well—structured problems 结构良好问题Programmed decision 程序化决策Procedure 程序Rule 规则Policy 政策Poorly structured problems 结构不良问题Nonprogrammed decisions 非程序化决策Certainty 确定性Risk 风险性Uncertainty 不确定性Directive style 指导性风格Analytic style 分析性风格Conceptual style 概念性风格Behavioral style 行为性风格Planning 计划Goals 目标Plans 计划Strategic plans 战略计划Operational plans 作业计划Long—term plans 长期计划Short-term plans 短期计划Specific plans 具体性计划Directional plans 指导性计划Single-use plan 单一目标计划Standing plans 标准计划Traditional goal setting 传统目标设定Means—ends chain 手段－结果链Management by objectives (MBO）目标管理Mission 使命Commitment concept 承诺概念Formal planning department 正式计划部门Strategic management 战略管理Strategic management process 战略管理过程Opportunities 机会Threats 威胁Core competencies 核心能力Strengths 优势Weaknesses 劣势SWOT analysis SWOT分析Corporate-level strategy 公司层战略Stability strategy 稳定战略Growth strategy 增长战略Related diversification 相关领域多元化经营Unrelated diversification 不相关领域多元化经营Retrenchment strategy 收缩战略BCG matrix BCG矩阵波士顿咨询集团矩阵Business-level strategy 事业层战略Strategic business units 战略经营单位Competitive advantage 竞争优势Cost leadership strategy 成本领先战略Differentiation strategy 差异化战略Focus strategy 集中化战略Functional-level strategy 职能层战略Environmental Scanning 环境扫描Competitor intelligence 竞争者情报、竞争者信息Forecasts 预测Quantitative forecasting 定量预测Qualitative forecasting 定性预测Forecasting Techniques 预测技术Benchmarking 基准化、标杆Resources 资源Budget 预算Revenue Budgets 收入预算Expense Budgets 费用预算Profit Budgets 利润预算Cash Budgets 现金预算Scheduling 进度计划、规划Gantt Charts 甘特图Load Charts 负荷图PERT network 计划评审技术网络Events 事件Activities 活动Slack time 松弛时间Critical path 关键线路Breakeven analysis 盈亏平衡分析Linear programming 线性规划Project 项目Project Management 项目管理Scenario 设想方案第四章组织Organizing 组织Organizational structure 组织结构Organizational design 组织设计Work specialization 劳动分工Departmentalization 部门化Functional departmentalization 职能部门化Product departmentalization 产品部门化Geographical departmentalization 地区部门化Process departmentalization 过程部门化Customer departmentalization 顾客部门化Cross-functional teams 跨职能团队Chain of command 指挥链Authority 职权Responsibility 职责Unity of command 统一指挥Span of control 管理幅度Centralization 集权化Decentralization 分权化Formalization 正规化Mechanistic organization 机械式组织Organic organization 有机式组织Unit production 单件生产Mass production 大量生产Process production 连续生产Simple structure 简单结构Functional structure 职能型结构Divisional structure 分部型结构Team—based structure 团队结构Matrix structure 矩阵结构Project structure 项目结构Autonomous internal units 内部自治单位Boundaryless organization 无边界组织Learning organization 学习型组织High—performance work practice 高绩效的工作实践Human resource management process 人力资源管理过程Labor union 工会Human resource planning 人力资源规划Job analysis 职务分析Job description 职务说明书Job specification 职务规范Recruitment 招聘Decruitment 解聘Selection process 甄选过程Validity 效度Reliability 信度Work sampling 工作抽样Assessment centers 测评中心Orientation 定向、导向Performance management system 绩效管理系统Written essay 书面描述法Critical incidents 关键事件法Graphic rating scales 评分表法Behaviorally anchored rating scales (BARS）行为定位评分法Multiperson comparisons 多人比较法Group order ranking 分组排序法Individual ranking 个体排序法Paired comparison 配对比较法360 degree feedback 360度反馈skill—based pay 按技能付酬Career 职业生涯、职业Organizational change 组织变革Change agents 变革推动者Organizational development （OD) 组织发展Stress 压力Creativity 创造Innovation 创新第五章领导Behavior 行为Organizational behavior 组织行为学Attitudes 态度Cognitive component 认知成分Affective component 情感成分Behavioral component 行为成分Job satisfaction 工作满意度Job involvement 工作投入Organizational commitment 组织承诺Organizational citizenship behavior （OCB) 组织公民行为Cognitive dissonance 认知失调Attitude surveys 态度调查Personality 人性Big—five model 重要的五大模型Emotional intelligence (EI）情感智商Locus of control 控制点Machiavellianism 马基雅维里主义Self-esteem 自尊Self-monitoring 自我监控Perception 知觉Attribution theory 归因理论Fundamental attribution error 基本归因错误Self-serving bias 自我服务偏见Selectivity 有选择地接受、选择性Assumed similarity 假设相似性Stereotyping 刻板印象Learning 学习Operant conditioning 操作性条件反射Social learning theory 社会学习理论Shaping behavior 行为塑造Motivation 动机Need 需要Hierarchy of needs theory 需要层次理论Physiological needs 生理需要Safety needs 安全需要Social needs 社会需要Esteem needs 尊重需要Self-actualization needs 自我实现需要Theory X X理论Theory Y Y理论Motivation—hygiene theory 激励－保健理论Hygiene factors 保健因素Motivators 激励因素Three—needs theory 三种需要理论Need for achievement (nAch) 成就需要Need for power (nPow）权力需要Need for affiliation (nAff）归属需要Goal—setting theory 目标设定理论Reinforcement theory 强化理论Reinforcers 强化物Job design 职务设计Job scope 职务范围Job enlargement 职务扩大化Job enrichment 工作丰富化Job depth 职务深度Job characteristic model (JCM）职务特征模型Skill variety 技能多样性Task identity 任务同一性Task significance 任务重要性Autonomy 自主性Feedback 反馈Equity theory 公平理论Referents 参照对象Expectancy theory 期望理论Compressed workweek 压缩工作周Flexible work hours 弹性工作制Job sharing 职务分担Contingent workers 应急工Telecommuting 电子通信，远程办公Pay—for performance programs 基于绩效的薪酬管理Open—book management 公开帐簿管理Leader 领导者Leadership 领导Behavioral theories 行为理论Autocratic style 权威式Democratic style 民主式Laissez—faire style 放任式Initiating structure 定规维度Consideration 关怀维度High-high leader 高－高型领导者Managerial grid 管理方格论Fiedler contingency model 菲德勒权变模型Least-preferred co—worker (LPC) questionnaire 最难共事者问卷Leader-member relations 领导者－成员关系,上下级关系Task structure 任务结构Position power 职位权力Situational leadership theory （SLT) 情景领导理论Readiness 准备状态Maturity 成熟度Leader participation model 领导者参与模型Path-goal theory 路径－目标理论Transactional leaders 事务型领导者Transformational leaders 变革型领导者Charismatic leader 超凡魅力的领导者Visionary leadership 愿景领导者Legitimate power 法定权Coercive power 强制权Reward power 奖赏权Expert power 专长权Referent power 模范权Credibility 可信度Trust 诚信、信任Empowerment 授权Communication 沟通Interpersonal communication 人际沟通Organizational communication 组织沟通Message 信息Encoding 编码Channel 通道、渠道Decoding 解码Communication process 沟通过程Noise 噪音Nonverbal communication 非言语沟通Body language 体态语言Verbal intonation 语调Filtering 过滤Selective perception 选择性知觉Information overload 信息超载Jargon 行话Active listening 积极倾听Formal communication 正式沟通Informal communication 非正式沟通Downward communication 下行沟通、向下交流Upward communication 上行沟通、向上交流Lateral communication 平行沟通、横向交流Diagonal communication 斜行沟通、越级交流Communication networks 沟通网络Grapevine 小道信息、谣言E—mail 电子邮件Instant messaging （IM) 即时信息Voice mail 声音邮件Fax 传真Electronic data interchange (EDI) 电子数据交换Teleconferencing 电信会议Videoconferencing 视频会议Intranet 内部互联网Extranet 外部互联网第六章控制Control 控制Market control 市场控制Bureaucratic control 官僚组织控制、层级控制Control process 控制过程Management by walking around (MBWA）走动式管理Range of variation 偏差范围Immediate corrective action 立即纠正行动Basic corrective action 彻底纠正行动Feedforward control 前馈控制Concurrent control 同期控制、现场控制Feedback control 反馈控制。

管理学原理资料整理(中英文版)

特别说明，以下笔记版权所有，要外传或转发请知会本人，得到本人允许方可进行！Made by Rae.L管理学原理（Management ）1.Management:The process of coordinating work activities so that they are completed efficientlyand effectively with and through other people.(同别人一起，或通过别人使活动完成得更有效的过程。

)2.随着企业的扩大，企业必将走向规范化，而不再是纯粹的人情化。

group.Management is the art of removing blocks to such performance.Management is the art of creation an environment in such an organized group where people can perform as individuals and yet cooperate toward …4.Management:Elements of definition(要素)：①Efficiency --getting the most output from the least amount of inputs.(以最少的投入得到最大的收入)②Effectively —completing activities so that organizational goals are attained.效果（管理者完整地实现了组织的目标）*企业越大，风险越大！理念是企业生存的重要要素！！！--“doing the right things ”--concerned with ends△效率可以弥补，但效果却无可挽救！5.Mission 对于一个企业非常重要。

（动力、计划性、实际性等。

管理学英文术语

［转载]管理学核心概念中英文对照原文地址：管理学核心概念中英文对照作者：jaywang第一章管理总论Manager 管理者First-line managers 基层管理者Middle managers 中层管理者Top managers 高层管理者Management 管理Efficiency 效率Effectiveness 效果Planning 计划Organizing 组织Leading 领导Controlling 控制Management process 管理过程Management roles 管理角色Interpersonal roles 人际关系角色Informational roles 信息传递角色Decisional roles 决策制定角色Technical skills 技术技能Human skills 人事技能Conceptual skills 概念技能System 系统Closed systems 封闭系统Open systems 开放系统Environment 环境Special environment 具体环境General environment 一般环境Contingency perspective 权变观Organization 组织Universality of management 管理的普遍性Nonmanagerial employees / Operatives 操作者第二章管理的历史Division of labor 劳动分工Industrial revolution 产业革命Scientific management 科学管理Therbligs 基本动作元素General administrative theorists 一般行政管理理论家Principles of management 管理原则Bureaucracy 官僚行政组织、层级组织Quantitative approach 定量方法Organizational behavior (OB）组织行为Hawthorne Studies 霍桑研究Workforce diversity 员工多样化Entrepreneurship 企业家e—business (electronic business）电子商务e-commerce （electronic commerce）电子贸易、电子商务Intranet 内部互联网Total quality management （TQM）全面质量管理Learning organization 学习型组织Knowledge management 知识管理Workplace spirituality 团队精神第三章计划Decision 决策Decision-making process 决策过程Problem 问题Decision criteria 决策标准Implementation 实施Rational decision making 理性决策Bounded rationality 有限理性Satisficing 满意Escalation of commitment 承诺升级Intuitive decision making 直觉决策Well—structured problems 结构良好问题Programmed decision 程序化决策Procedure 程序Rule 规则Policy 政策Poorly structured problems 结构不良问题Nonprogrammed decisions 非程序化决策Certainty 确定性Risk 风险性Uncertainty 不确定性Directive style 指导性风格Analytic style 分析性风格Conceptual style 概念性风格Behavioral style 行为性风格Planning 计划Goals 目标Plans 计划Strategic plans 战略计划Operational plans 作业计划Long—term plans 长期计划Short-term plans 短期计划Specific plans 具体性计划Directional plans 指导性计划Single-use plan 单一目标计划Standing plans 标准计划Traditional goal setting 传统目标设定Means-ends chain 手段－结果链Management by objectives （MBO) 目标管理Mission 使命Commitment concept 承诺概念Formal planning department 正式计划部门Strategic management 战略管理Strategic management process 战略管理过程Opportunities 机会Threats 威胁Core competencies 核心能力Strengths 优势Weaknesses 劣势SWOT analysis SWOT分析Corporate—level strategy 公司层战略Stability strategy 稳定战略Growth strategy 增长战略Related diversification 相关领域多元化经营Unrelated diversification 不相关领域多元化经营Retrenchment strategy 收缩战略BCG matrix BCG矩阵波士顿咨询集团矩阵Business-level strategy 事业层战略Strategic business units 战略经营单位Competitive advantage 竞争优势Cost leadership strategy 成本领先战略Differentiation strategy 差异化战略Focus strategy 集中化战略Functional—level strategy 职能层战略Environmental Scanning 环境扫描Competitor intelligence 竞争者情报、竞争者信息Forecasts 预测Quantitative forecasting 定量预测Qualitative forecasting 定性预测Forecasting Techniques 预测技术Benchmarking 基准化、标杆Resources 资源Budget 预算Revenue Budgets 收入预算Expense Budgets 费用预算Profit Budgets 利润预算Cash Budgets 现金预算Scheduling 进度计划、规划Gantt Charts 甘特图Load Charts 负荷图PERT network 计划评审技术网络Events 事件Activities 活动Slack time 松弛时间Critical path 关键线路Breakeven analysis 盈亏平衡分析Linear programming 线性规划Project 项目Project Management 项目管理Scenario 设想方案第四章组织Organizing 组织Organizational structure 组织结构Organizational design 组织设计Work specialization 劳动分工Departmentalization 部门化Functional departmentalization 职能部门化Product departmentalization 产品部门化Geographical departmentalization 地区部门化Process departmentalization 过程部门化Customer departmentalization 顾客部门化Cross—functional teams 跨职能团队Chain of command 指挥链Authority 职权Responsibility 职责Unity of command 统一指挥Span of control 管理幅度Centralization 集权化Decentralization 分权化Formalization 正规化Mechanistic organization 机械式组织Organic organization 有机式组织Unit production 单件生产Mass production 大量生产Process production 连续生产Simple structure 简单结构Functional structure 职能型结构Divisional structure 分部型结构Team—based structure 团队结构Matrix structure 矩阵结构Project structure 项目结构Autonomous internal units 内部自治单位Boundaryless organization 无边界组织Learning organization 学习型组织High-performance work practice 高绩效的工作实践Human resource management process 人力资源管理过程Labor union 工会Human resource planning 人力资源规划Job analysis 职务分析Job description 职务说明书Job specification 职务规范Recruitment 招聘Decruitment 解聘Selection process 甄选过程Validity 效度Reliability 信度Work sampling 工作抽样Assessment centers 测评中心Orientation 定向、导向Performance management system 绩效管理系统Written essay 书面描述法Critical incidents 关键事件法Graphic rating scales 评分表法Behaviorally anchored rating scales （BARS）行为定位评分法Multiperson comparisons 多人比较法Group order ranking 分组排序法Individual ranking 个体排序法Paired comparison 配对比较法360 degree feedback 360度反馈skill—based pay 按技能付酬Career 职业生涯、职业Organizational change 组织变革Change agents 变革推动者Organizational development （OD）组织发展Stress 压力Creativity 创造Innovation 创新第五章领导Behavior 行为Organizational behavior 组织行为学Attitudes 态度Cognitive component 认知成分Affective component 情感成分Behavioral component 行为成分Job satisfaction 工作满意度Job involvement 工作投入Organizational commitment 组织承诺Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB）组织公民行为Cognitive dissonance 认知失调Attitude surveys 态度调查Personality 人性Big—five model 重要的五大模型Emotional intelligence (EI）情感智商Locus of control 控制点Machiavellianism 马基雅维里主义Self—esteem 自尊Self—monitoring 自我监控Perception 知觉Attribution theory 归因理论Fundamental attribution error 基本归因错误Self—serving bias 自我服务偏见Selectivity 有选择地接受、选择性Assumed similarity 假设相似性Stereotyping 刻板印象Learning 学习Operant conditioning 操作性条件反射Social learning theory 社会学习理论Shaping behavior 行为塑造Motivation 动机Need 需要Hierarchy of needs theory 需要层次理论Physiological needs 生理需要Safety needs 安全需要Social needs 社会需要Esteem needs 尊重需要Self—actualization needs 自我实现需要Theory X X理论Theory Y Y理论Motivation—hygiene theory 激励－保健理论Hygiene factors 保健因素Motivators 激励因素Three—needs theory 三种需要理论Need for achievement （nAch) 成就需要Need for power (nPow）权力需要Need for affiliation （nAff）归属需要Goal—setting theory 目标设定理论Reinforcement theory 强化理论Reinforcers 强化物Job design 职务设计Job scope 职务范围Job enlargement 职务扩大化Job enrichment 工作丰富化Job depth 职务深度Job characteristic model （JCM) 职务特征模型Skill variety 技能多样性Task identity 任务同一性Task significance 任务重要性Autonomy 自主性Feedback 反馈Equity theory 公平理论Referents 参照对象Expectancy theory 期望理论Compressed workweek 压缩工作周Flexible work hours 弹性工作制Job sharing 职务分担Contingent workers 应急工Telecommuting 电子通信，远程办公Pay-for performance programs 基于绩效的薪酬管理Open—book management 公开帐簿管理Leader 领导者Leadership 领导Behavioral theories 行为理论Autocratic style 权威式Democratic style 民主式Laissez-faire style 放任式Initiating structure 定规维度Consideration 关怀维度High-high leader 高－高型领导者Managerial grid 管理方格论Fiedler contingency model 菲德勒权变模型Least-preferred co—worker (LPC） questionnaire 最难共事者问卷Leader—member relations 领导者－成员关系，上下级关系Task structure 任务结构Position power 职位权力Situational leadership theory (SLT) 情景领导理论Readiness 准备状态Maturity 成熟度Leader participation model 领导者参与模型Path-goal theory 路径－目标理论Transactional leaders 事务型领导者Transformational leaders 变革型领导者Charismatic leader 超凡魅力的领导者Visionary leadership 愿景领导者Legitimate power 法定权Coercive power 强制权Reward power 奖赏权Expert power 专长权Referent power 模范权Credibility 可信度Trust 诚信、信任Empowerment 授权Communication 沟通Interpersonal communication 人际沟通Organizational communication 组织沟通Message 信息Encoding 编码Channel 通道、渠道Decoding 解码Communication process 沟通过程Noise 噪音Nonverbal communication 非言语沟通Body language 体态语言Verbal intonation 语调Filtering 过滤Selective perception 选择性知觉Information overload 信息超载Jargon 行话Active listening 积极倾听Formal communication 正式沟通Informal communication 非正式沟通Downward communication 下行沟通、向下交流Upward communication 上行沟通、向上交流Lateral communication 平行沟通、横向交流Diagonal communication 斜行沟通、越级交流Communication networks 沟通网络Grapevine 小道信息、谣言E-mail 电子邮件Instant messaging （IM) 即时信息Voice mail 声音邮件Fax 传真Electronic data interchange （EDI) 电子数据交换Teleconferencing 电信会议Videoconferencing 视频会议Intranet 内部互联网Extranet 外部互联网第六章控制Control 控制Market control 市场控制Bureaucratic control 官僚组织控制、层级控制Control process 控制过程Management by walking around (MBWA) 走动式管理Range of variation 偏差范围Immediate corrective action 立即纠正行动Basic corrective action 彻底纠正行动Feedforward control 前馈控制Concurrent control 同期控制、现场控制Feedback control 反馈控制。

项目管理专用中英文术语词汇

项目管理专用中英文术语词汇1、活动，Activity2、活动定义，Activity Definition3、活动描述/说明，AD=Activity Description4、活动历时估算，Activity Duration Estimating5、箭线网络图（双代号网络图），AOA=Activity-On-Arrow6、节点式网络图（单代号网络图），AON=Activity-on-Node7、已执行工作实际成本，ACWP=Actual Cost of Work Performed8、实际完成日期，AF=Actual Finish Date9、实际开始日期，AS=Actual Start Date10、行政收尾，Administrative Closure11、箭线，Arrow12、箭线图示法，ADM=Arrow Diagramming Method13、逆推计算法，Backward Pass14、横道图，Bar Chart15、基准计划，Baseline16、完工预算，BAC=Budget At Completion17、概算，Budget Estimate18、已执行预算成本，BCWP=Budgeted Cost of Work Performed19、计划执行预算成本，BCWS= Budgeted Cost of Scheduled 20、日历单位，Calendar Unit21、变更控制委员会，CCB=Chang Control Board22、沟通规划，Communications Planning23、并行工程，Concurrent Engineering24、意外费用，Contingencies25、意外准备金，contingency Allowance26、意外规划，Contingency Planning27、意外储备，Contingency Reserve28、合同，Contract29、合同管理，Contract Administration30、合同收尾，Contract Close-out31、控制，Control32、控制图，Control Chart33、纠正措施，Corrective Action34、费用预算，Cost Budgeting35、费用控制，Cost Control36、费用做算，Cost Estimating37、质量成本，Cost of Quality38、费用绩效指数，CPI=Cost Performance Index39、费用偏差，CV=Cost Variance40、赶工，Crashing41、关键工序，Critical Activity42、关键路线，Critical Path43、关键路线法，CPM=Critical Path Method44、当前完成日期，Current Finish Date45、当前开始日期，Current Start Date46、数据日期，DD=Data Date47、交付物，Deliverable48、依赖关系，Dependency49、虚活动，Dummy Activity50、延续时间，DU=Duration51、延续时间压缩，Duration Compression52、最早完工日期，EF=Early Finish Date53、最早开始日期，ES=Early Start Date54、挣值法，EV=Earned Value55、挣值分析，Earned Value Analysis56、人工量，Effort57、估算，概算，Estimate58、在完成时的费用估算，EAC=Estimate At Completion59、到完成时的估算，ETC=Estimate To Complete60、单节点事件图，Event-on-Node61、例外报告，Exception Report62、完成日期，Finish Date63、完成到完成关系，FF=Finish-to-Finish 64、完成到开始关系，FS=Finish-to-Start65、时差，机动时间，浮动时间，Float66、顺推计算法，Forward Pass67、自由时差，FF=Free Float68、职能经理，Functional Manager69、职能组织，Functional Organization70、甘特图，Gantt Chart71、图解评审技术，GERT=Graphical Evaluation and Review Technique72、集合工作，Hammock73、悬摆，Hanger74、信息分发，Information Distribution75、立项，Initiation76、成本/进度综合报告，Integrated Cost/Schedule Reporting77、邀标，IFB= Invitation for Bid78、关键事件进度计划，Key Event Schedule79、滞后量，Lag80、最晚完成日期，LF=Late Finish Date81、最晚开始日期，LS=Late Start Date82、提前量，Lead83、全生命期成本估算，Life-cycle Costing84、产品经理，Line Manager85、逻辑图，Logic Diagram86、逻辑关系，Logical Relationship87、回路，Loop88、管理储备量，Management Reserve89、主进度计划，Master Schedule90、矩阵型组织，Matrix Organization91、里程碑，Milestone92、里程碑进度计划，Milestone Schedule93、现代项目管理，MPM=Modern Project Management94、监控，Monitoring95、蒙托卡罗分析，Monte Carlo Analysis96、次关键工作，Near-Critical Activity97、网络，Network98、网络分析，Network Analysis99、网络逻辑，Network Logic100、网络路线，Network Path101、节点，Node102、组织分解结构，OBS=Organizational Breakdown Structure103、组织规划，Organizational Planning104、整体变更控制，Overall Change Control105、重叠，Overlap 106、参数估算法，Parametric Estimating107、线路，Path108、线路时差，Path Float109、完成百分比，PC=Percent Complete110、执行报告，Performance Reporting111、执行机构，Performing organization112、计划评审技术图，PERT Chart113、计划的完成日期，PF=Planned Finish Date 114、计划的开始日期，PS=Planned Start Date115、优先图示法，PDM=Precedence Diagramming Method116、优先关系，Precedence Relationship117、紧前工作，Predecessor Activity118、采购规划，Procurement Planning119、工程，Program120、计划评审技术，PERT=Program Evaluation and Review Technique121、项目，Project122、项目许可证，Project Charter123、项目沟通管理，Project Communication Management124、项目费用管理，Project Cost Management125、项目人力资源管理，Project Human Resource Management126、项目综合管理，Project Integration Management127、项目生命周期，Project Life Cycle128、项目管理，PM=Project Management129、项目管理知识体系，PMBOK=Project Management Body of Knowledge130、项目管理软件，Project Management Software131、项目管理团队，Project Management Team132、项目经理，PM=Project Manager133、项目网络图，Project Network Diagram134、项目阶段，Project Phase135、项目计划，Project Plan136、项目计划开发，Project Plan Development137、项目计划实施，Project Plan Execution138、项目规划，Project Planning139、项目采购管理，Project Procurement Management140、项目质量管理，Project Quality Management141、项目风险管理，Project Risk Management142、项目进度计划，Project Schedule143、项目范围管理，Project Scope Management144、项目团队成员，Project Team Member145、项目时间管理，Project Time Management146、项目型组织，Project Organization 147、质量保证，QA=Quality Assurance148、质量控制，QC=Quality Control149、质量规划，Quality Planning150、剩余持续时间，RDU=Remaining Duration151、请求建议书，RFP=Request for Proposal152、请求报价单，RFQ=Request for Quotation153、储备量，Reserve154、资源平衡，Resource Leveling155、资源约束进度计划，Resource-Limited Schedule156、资源规划，Resource Planning157、责任分配矩阵，RAM=Responsibility Assignment Matrix158、责任图，Responsibility Chart159、责任矩阵，Responsibility Matrix160、保留金，Retain age161、突发事件，Risk Event162、风险识别，Risk Identification163、风险应对控制，Risk Response Control164、风险应对开发，Risk Response Development165、S曲线，S-Curve166、进度计划，Schedule167、进度计划分析，Schedule Analysis168、进度计划压缩，Schedule Compression169、进度计划控制，Schedule Control170、进度执行指数，SPI=Schedule Performance Index171、进度偏差，SV=Schedule Variance172、计划完成日期，SF=Scheduled Finish Date173、计划开始日期，SS=Scheduled Start Date174、范围，Scope175、范围基准计划，Scope Baseline176、范围变更，Scope Change177、范围变更控制，Scope Change Control178、范围定义，Scope Definition179、范围规划，Scope Planning180、范围验证，Scope Verification181、时差，Slack182、询价，Solicitation183、询价规划，Solicitation184、工作人员招募，Staff Acquisition185、项目相关者，Stakeholder186、开始日期，Start Date187、开始到完成关系，Start-to-Finish188、开始到开始关系，Start-to-Start189、工作说明，SOW=Statement of Work 190、子网，Subnet191、子网络，Subnet Work192、后续工作，Successor Activity193、目标完成日期，TC=Target Completion Date194、目标时度计划，Target Schedule195、任务，Task196、团队建设，Team Development197、团队成员，Team members198、时标网络图，Time-Scaled Network Diagram199、目标完成日期，TF=Target Finish Date200、目标开始日期，Ts=Target Start Date201、总时差，TF=Total Float202、全面质量管理，TQM=Total Quality Management203、权变措施，Workaround204、工作分解结构，WBS=Work Breakdown Structure205、工作包，Work Package项目管理专业术语中英文对照表验收- (Acceptance)指客户检查接受项目交付物的过程。

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