法律英语教程 齐筠 课后答案

Unit One Legal System

Listening

I. c a d a b

II. statutes, constitutions, cite, interpreted, civil, cases, liability, created, modified, repealed

Text A.

Building up your vocabulary

I. Match the items in the following two columns

A-civil law b-code c-validity d-jurisdiction e-cluster

f-decree g-codification h-statute i-parliament j-legislature

II. Fill in the blanks:

1. subdivision

2. maxim

3. federal

4. enforcement

5. statutes

6. precedent

7. Legislation

8.Stare decisis

9. legal ,legal 10. judicial , judicial

Cloze

Documents lawsuit trial attorneys advisors,

Clients juries alternative practice representation

Translation

1. 根据美国宪法，联邦政府分为行政、立法和司法三大部门，每个部门都被认为是独立的，并且能够相互制衡。

2. 通常有三类案件可以到达最高法院，即：牵涉到诉讼当事人分属不同的州的案件，牵涉到解释联邦法案的案件和解释美国宪法的案件。

3. 大律师事务所的律师平均收入最高；他们常常代理那些最有钱且最有社会地位的当事人；而且同高层次的法官和政府官员有着密切的联系。个人执业者和小律师事务所的律师收入最低，代理那些既没钱又没社会地位的当事人，而且主要同最低级别的法院和行政机构打交道。

4. 州立大学的法学院倾向于集中在一些传统的法律课程上：契约、侵权行为、宪法、诉讼程序、财产、遗嘱、信托与遗产、公司、合伙、代理、国际法、海商法、劳动法、行政法；私立法学院由于规模略小且师生人数比例一般较大，故有条件开设品种更多的课程，在新的、开拓中的领域尤其如此。这些私立法学院的课程目录中都列有诸如精神病学与法学、法学与社会学、城市法、贫困法、环境法、城市财政、土地规划等方面的课程或研讨班。

5. 英美法系的法官比起他们大陆法系的同行们来威信更高，其部分原因在于人们一般都觉得只有较优秀的律师才能当得上法官。尽管任命和遴选有其政治背景，这一结论恐怕还是大致符合实际情况的。

Text B

Check Your Understanding.

1. T

2. F

3. F

4.T

5.F

6.T

7.T

8.F

9.F 10.T

Building up your vocabulary.

II. Put the following terms into Chinese.

Probate or surrogate’s courts遗嘱检验法庭juvenile courts少年法庭

Tax Court税务法院Court of International Trade国际贸易法院Bankrupcy Courts破产法院appellate court巡回法院

Attorney General司法部长Court of Military Appeals军事上诉法院

The Corut of Veterans Appeals退伍军人上诉法院Trial court受理法院

Translation

1.The National People's Congress (NPC) is the highest institution of state power and together

with its permanent body --- the Standing Committee of the NPC, exercises the legislative power of the state.

2.The NPC Standing Committee's power of legislation is not without restraints. Compared with

the legislative power of the NPC, the Standing Committee may not amend the Constitution. But it is authorized:

(1) to interpret the Constitution and supervise its enforcement;

(2) to enact and amend laws, with the exception of those which should be enacted by

the NPC;

(3) to partially supplement and amend, when the NPC is not in session, laws enacted

by the NPC provided that the basic principles of these laws are not contravened;

(4) to interpret laws.

3.In accordance with the structure of the lawmaking powers, Chinese law can be divided

into four levels, i.e., the Constitution, laws adopted by the NPC and its Standing Committee, administrative regulations adopted by the State Council and local regulations by the people's congresses of provinces, autonomous regions and cities.