中英文名词对照表

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完整版)英语语法术语中英文对照表

完整版)英语语法术语中英文对照表English-XXXGrammar：语法Syntax：句法Morphology：词法Structure：结构Rank：层次Sentence：句子Clause：从句Phrase：词组Part of Speech：词类Word：单词XXX：实词Structural Word：虚词Simple Word：单纯词XXX：派生词Compound：复合词Noun：名词Proper Noun：专有名词Common Noun：普通名词Countable Noun：可数名词Uncountable Noun：不可数名词Abstract Noun：抽象名词Concrete Noun：具体名词Material Noun：物质名词Collective Noun：集体名词Individual Noun：个体名词n：介词n：连词XXX：动词Main XXX：主动词XXX：及物动词Intransitive XXX：不及物动词Link XXX：系动词Auxiliary XXX：助动词Modal XXX：情态动词Regular Verb：规则动词Irregular Verb：不规则动词Phrasal XXX：短语动词XXX：限定动词Infinite XXX：非限定动词Causative Verb：使役动词Verb of Senses：感官动词Event Verb：动态动词XXX：静态动词XXX：感叹词Adjective：形容词Adverb：副词Adverb of Manner：方式副词Adverb of Degree：程度副词Adverb of Time：时间副词Adverb of Place：地点副词Adjunct：修饰性副词Conjunct：连接性副词Interrogative Adverb：疑问副词Relative Adverb：关系副词Pronoun：代词Personal Pronoun：人称代词Possessive Pronoun：物主代词Reflexive Pronoun：反身代词Reciprocal Pronoun：相互代词Demonstrative Pronoun：指示代词Pronouns are words used in place of nouns。

统计中英文对照

连续型变量
correction for continuity
连续性校正
crude birth rate ,CBR
粗出生率
crude death rate ,CDR
粗死亡率
cumulativesurvival probability
累积生存概率
current life table
现时寿命表
curve fitting
离散型变量
dynamic series
动态数列
E
event
事件
explanatory variable
解释变量
F
finite population
有限总体
Fisher’s exact test
Fisher确切检验
fixed base relative
定基比
follow up
随访
frequency
频率
5岁以下儿童死亡率
chi-square test
χ2检验
chi-square test
卡方检验
coefficient of kurtosis
峰度系数
coefficient of skeweness
偏度系数
coefficient of variation
变异系数
cohort life table
定群寿命表
曲线拟合
D
data
资料
degree of freedom
自由度
demography
人口统计
dependency ratio
抚养比
dependent samples
非独立样本
dependent variable

物理基本名词中英文对照表

有用功额外功总功斜面
useful work extra wok total work inclined plane
positive plate negative plate electric circuit
电压伏特伏特计
voltage Volt voltmeter
正电荷负电荷导体
通路开路短路
closed circuit open circuit short circuit
电阻欧姆变阻器
resistance Ohm rheostat
绝缘体半导体电源导线电键干电池蓄电池
insulator semiconductor power source wire key(switch) dry cell storage plate
动滑轮 Torricelli 托里拆滑轮利组阿基米 Archimedes principle 功德原理 density 密度功率 submarine
movable pulley pulley block work power
机械 mechanical efficiency 效率
resultant force component force
screen camera slide projector film projector magnifier
lunar eclipse 平面镜 velocity of light 潜望镜 vacuum 蜡烛 air 光的折射
of light glass 玻璃折射光线 refracted ray water 水折射角 refraction angle lens 均匀介质 well-distributed 透镜 medium reflection convex lens 光的反射凸透镜 of light 反射定律 reflection law 入射光线 incident ray

中英文心理学名词对照表

中英文心理学名词对照表感觉记忆（SM）—sensory memory短期记忆（STM）—short-term M.长期记忆（LTM）—long-term memory复诵——rehearsal预示（激发）——priming童年失忆症——childhood amnesia视觉编码（表征）——visual code（representation）听觉编码—acoustic code运作记忆——working memory语意性知识—semantic knowledge记忆扫瞄程序—memory scanning procedure竭尽式扫瞄程序-exhaustive S.P.自我终止式扫瞄—self-terminated S.程序性知识—procedural knowledge命题（陈述）性知识——propositional（declarative）knowledge 情节（轶事）性知识—episodic K.讯息处理深度—depth of processing精致化处理—elaboration登录特殊性—coding specificity记忆术—mnemonic位置记忆法—method of loci字钩法—peg word（线）探索（测）（激发）字—prime关键词——key word命题思考——propositional thought心像思考——imaginal thought行动思考——motoric thought概念——concept原型——prototype属性——property特征——feature范例策略——exemplar strategy语言相对性（假说）—linguistic relativity th.音素——phoneme词素——morpheme（字词的）外延与内涵意义—denotative & connotative meaning （句子的）表层与深层结构—surface & deep structure语意分析法——semantic differential全句语言—holophrastic speech过度延伸——over-extension电报式语言—telegraphic speech关键期——critical period差异减缩法——difference reduction方法目的分析——means-ends analysis倒推——working backward动机——motive自由意志——free will决定论——determinism本能——instinct种属特有行为——species specific驱力——drive诱因——incentive驱力减低说——drive reduction th.恒定状态（作用）—homeostasis原级与次级动机—primary & secondary M. 功能独立—functional autonomy下视丘侧部（LH）—lateral hypothalamus脂肪细胞说——fat-cell theory.下视丘腹中部（VMH）—ventromedial H定点论——set point th.CCK———胆囊调节激素第一性征——primary sex characteristic第二性征——secondary sex characteristic自我效能期望—self-efficiency expectancy内在（发）动机—intrinsic motive外在（衍）动机—extrinsic motive成就需求——N. achievement需求层级—hierarchy of needs自我实现——self actualization冲突——conflict多项仪——polygraph肤电反应——GSR（认知）评估——（cognitive appraisal）脸部回馈假说——facial feedback hypothesis （生理）激发——arousal挫折-攻击假说——frustration-aggression hy.替代学习——vicarious learning短期记忆（STM）—short-term M.长期记忆（LTM）—long-term memory复诵——rehearsal预示（激发）——priming童年失忆症——childhood amnesia视觉编码（表征）——visual code（representation）听觉编码—acoustic code运作记忆——working memory语意性知识—semantic knowledge记忆扫瞄程序—memory scanning procedure竭尽式扫瞄程序-exhaustive S.P.自我终止式扫瞄—self-terminated S.程序性知识—procedural knowledge命题（陈述）性知识——propositional（declarative）knowledge 情节（轶事）性知识—episodic K.讯息处理深度—depth of processing精致化处理—elaboration登录特殊性—coding specificity记忆术—mnemonic位置记忆法—method of loci字钩法—peg word（线）探索（测）（激发）字—prime关键词——key word命题思考——propositional thought心像思考——imaginal thought行动思考——motoric thought概念——concept原型——prototype属性——property特征——feature范例策略——exemplar strategy语言相对性（假说）—linguistic relativity th.音素——phoneme词素——morpheme（字词的）外延与内涵意义—denotative & connotative meaning （句子的）表层与深层结构—surface & deep structure语意分析法——semantic differential全句语言—holophrastic speech过度延伸——over-extension电报式语言—telegraphic speech关键期——critical period差异减缩法——difference reduction方法目的分析——means-ends analysis倒推——working backward动机——motive自由意志——free will决定论——determinism本能——instinct种属特有行为——species specific驱力——drive诱因——incentive驱力减低说——drive reduction th.恒定状态（作用）—homeostasis原级与次级动机—primary & secondary M. 功能独立—functional autonomy下视丘侧部（LH）—lateral hypothalamus脂肪细胞说——fat-cell theory.下视丘腹中部（VMH）—ventromedial H定点论——set point th.CCK———胆囊调节激素第一性征——primary sex characteristic第二性征——secondary sex characteristic自我效能期望—self-efficiency expectancy内在（发）动机—intrinsic motive外在（衍）动机—extrinsic motive成就需求——N. achievement需求层级—hierarchy of needs自我实现——self actualization冲突——conflict多项仪——polygraph肤电反应——GSR（认知）评估——（cognitive appraisal）脸部回馈假说——facial feedback hypothesis（生理）激发——arousal挫折-攻击假说——frustration-aggression hy.替代学习——vicarious learning 发展——development先天——nature后天——nurture成熟——maturation（视觉）偏好法——preferential method习惯法——habituation视觉悬崖——visual cliff剥夺或丰富（环境）——deprivation or enrichment of env. 基模——schema同化——assimilation调适——accommodation平衡——equilibrium感觉动作期——sensorimotor stage物体永久性——objective permanence运思前期——preoperational st.保留概念——conservation道德现实主义——moral realism具体运思期——concrete operational形式运思期——formal operational st.前俗例道德——pre-conventional moral俗例道德——conventional moral超俗例道德——post-conventional moral 气质——temperament依附——attachment性别认定——gender identity性别配合——sex typing性蕾期——phallic stage恋亲冲突—Oedipal conflict认同——identification社会学习——social learning情结——complex性别恒定——gender constancy青年期——adolescence青春期——-puberty第二性征——secondary sex characteristics 认同危机——identity crisis定向统合——identity achievement早闭型统合——foreclosure未定型统合——moratorium迷失型统合——identity diffusion传承——generativity心理动力——psycho-dynamics心理分析——psychoanalysis行为论——behaviorism心理生物观——psycho-biological perspective 认知——cognition临床心理学家-clinical psychologist谘商——counseling人因工程——human factor engineering组织——organization潜意识——unconsciousness完形心理学——Gestalt psychology感觉——sensation知觉——perception实验法——experimental method独变项——independent variable依变项——dependent V.控制变项——control V.生理——physiology条件化——conditioning学习——learning比较心理学——comparative psy.发展——development社会心理学——social psy.人格——personality心理计量学—psychometrics受试（者）——subject 实验者预期效应—experimenter expectancy effect双盲法——double—blind实地实验——field experiment相关——correlation调查——survey访谈——interview个案研究——case study观察——observation心理测验——psychological test纹理递变度——texture gradient注意——attention物体的组群——grouping of object型态辨识—pattern recognition形象-背景——figure-ground接近律——proximity相似律——similarity闭合律——closure连续律——continuity对称律——symmetry错觉——illusion幻觉——delusion恒常性——constancy大小——size形状——shape位置——location单眼线索——monocular cue线性透视——linear- perspective 双眼线索——binocular cue深度——depth调节作用——accommodation 重迭——superposition双眼融合——binocular fusion 辐辏作用——convergence双眼像差——binocular disparity 向度——dimension自动效应——autokinetic effect 运动视差——motion parallax诱发运动——induced motion闪光运动——stroboscopic motion上下文、脉络-context人工智能——artificial intelligence A.I.脉络关系作用-context effect模板匹配——template matching整合分析法——analysis-by-synthesis丰富性——redundancy选择性——selective无意识的推论-unconscious inferences运动后效——motion aftereffect特征侦测器—feature detector激发性——excitatory抑制性——inhibitory几何子——geons由上而下处理—up-down process由下而上处理——bottom-up process连结者模式——connectionist model联结失识症——associative agnosia脸孔辨识困难症——prosopagnosia意识——conscious（ness）意识改变状态——altered states of consciousness无意识——unconsciousness前意识——preconsciousness内省法——introspection边缘注意——peripheral attention多重人格——multiple personality午餐排队（鸡尾酒会）效应—lunch line（cocktail party）effect 自动化历程——automatic process解离——dissociate解离认同失常——dissociative identity disorder快速眼动睡眠——REM dream非快速眼动睡眠—NREM dream失眠——insomnia显性与隐性梦——manifest & latern content心理活动性psychoactive冥想——meditation抗药性——tolerance戒断——withdrawal感觉剥夺——sensory deprivation物质滥用——substance abuse成瘾——physical addiction物质依赖——sub. dependence戒断症状——withdrawal symptom兴奋剂——stimulant幻觉（迷幻）剂——hallucinogen镇定剂——sedative抑制剂——depressant酒精中毒引起谵妄—delirium tremens 麻醉剂——narcotic催眠——hypnosis催眠后暗示——posthypnotic suggestion催眠后失忆posthypnotic amnesia超心理学——parapsychology超感知觉extrasensory perception ESP心电感应——telepathy超感视——clairvoyance预知——precognition心理动力—psycokinesis PK受纳器——receptor绝对阈——absolute threshold差异阈——difference threshold恰辨差——-JND韦伯律——Weber''s law心理物理——psychophysical费雪纳定律——Fechner''s law 频率——frequency振幅——amplitude音频——pitch基音——fundamental tone倍音——overtone和谐音——harmonic音色——timbre白色噪音——white noise鼓膜——eardrum耳蜗——cochlea卵形窗—oval window圆形窗——round window前庭——vestibular sacs半规管——semicircular canals角膜——cornea水晶体——lens虹膜——iris瞳孔——pupil网膜——retina睫状肌——ciliary muscle调节作用——accommodation脊髓——spinal cord反射弧——reflex arc脑干——brain stem计算机轴性线断层扫描——CAT或CT PET——正子放射断层摄影MRI——磁共振显影延脑——medulla桥脑——pons小脑——cerebellum网状结构——reticular formation RAS——网状活化系统视丘——thalamus下视丘——hypothalamus大脑——cerebrum脑（下）垂体（腺）—pituitary gland 脑半球——cerebral hemisphere皮质——cortex胼胝体——corpus callosum边缘系统——limbic system海马体——hippocampus杏仁核——amygdala中央沟——central fissure侧沟——lateral fissure脑叶——lobe同卵双生子——identical twins异卵双生子—fraternal twins古典制约——classical conditioning操作制约——operant conditioning非制约刺激—（US unconditioned stimulus 非制约反应—（UR）unconditioned R.制约刺激——（CS）conditioned S.制约反应——（CR）conditioned R.习（获）得——acquisition增强作用——reinforcement消除（弱）——extinction自（发性）然恢复——spontaneous recovery 前行制约—forward conditioning同时制约——simultaneous conditioning回溯制约——backward cond.痕迹制约——trace conditioning延宕制约—delay conditioning类化（梯度）——generalization（gradient）区辨——discrimination（次级）增强物——（secondary）reinforcer嫌恶刺激——aversive stimulus试误学习——trial and error learning效果率——law of effect正（负）性增强物—positive（negative）rei.行为塑造—behavior shaping循序渐进——successive approximation自行塑造—autoshaping部分（连续）增强—partial（continuous）R定比（时）时制—fixed ratio（interval）schedule FR或FI变化比率（时距）时制—variable ratio（interval）schedule VR或VI 逃离反应——escape R.回避反应—avoidance response习得无助——learned helplessness顿悟——insight学习心向—learning set隐内（潜在）学习——latent learning认知地图——cognitive map生理回馈——biofeedback敏感递减法-systematic desensitization普里迈克原则—Premack''s principle洪水法——flooding观察学习——observational learning动物行为学——ethology敏感化—sensitization习惯化——habituation联结——association认知学习——cognitional L.观察学习——observational L.登录、编码——encoding保留、储存——retention提取——retrieval回忆——（free recall全现心像、照相式记忆——eidetic imagery、photographic memory . 舌尖现象（TOT）—tip of tongue再认——recognition再学习——relearning节省分数——savings外显与内隐记忆——explicit & implicit memory记忆广度——memory span组集——chunk序列位置效应——serial position effect起始效应——primacy effect新近效应——recency effect心（情）境依赖学习——state-dependent L.无意义音节—nonsense syllable顺向干扰——proactive interference逆向干扰——retroactive interference闪光灯记忆——flashbulb memory动机性遗忘——motivated forgetting器质性失忆症—organic amnesia阿兹海默症——Alzheimer''s disease近事（顺向）失忆症—anterograde amnesia旧事（逆向）失忆—retrograde A.高沙可夫症候群—korsakoff''s syndrome 凝固理论—consolidation。

中英文生物名词对照

coral：珊瑚
algae：藻类；海藻
octopus：章鱼
trevally：裸胸鲹
ray：魟；鳐；鲼
whale shark：鲸鲨
shark：鲨鱼
macaque：猕猴
monkey：猴
cadence
ucos
tcp、ip
chumoping
bsp
SWI指令
cortex指令集 -m 代替51
tiger：虎
reindeer：驯鹿
insect：昆虫
bird：鸟
stonechat：黑喉石鵖
red fox：赤狐；草狐；红狐；南狐
horse：马
livestock：牲畜；家畜
demoiselle crane：蓑羽鹤；闰秀鹤
wading bird：涉禽
waterfowl：游禽
swan：天鹅
Tibetan brown bear：西藏棕熊；马熊；藏马熊
grizzly：灰熊
Tibetan fox：藏狐
ep4：
fish：鱼
sturgeon：鲟鱼
wild boar：野猪；山猪
boar：野猪；公猪
walnut：核桃；胡桃
Siberian tiger：东北虎；西伯利亚虎；阿穆尔虎
Chinese giant salamander：大鲵
amphibian：两栖动物
dragon：龙；蜥蜴；爬行动物
reptile：爬行动物
Chinese alligator：扬子鳄；中国短吻鳄
alligator：短吻鳄
pine：松树
Huangshan macaque：黄山短尾猴

生物名词中英文对照

green turtle：绿海龟
turtle：海龟
Arctic tern：北极燕鸥
tern：燕鸥
rufous hummingbird：棕煌蜂鸟
hummingbird：蜂鸟
royal albatross：皇家信天翁
albatross：信天翁
elver：鳗苗
eel：鳗
ep06：
thorn bug：角蝉
orchid：兰
mantis：螳螂
butterfly：蝴蝶
termite：白蚁
assassin bug：猎蝽
death adder：棘蛇
skink：石龙子
worm：虫；蠕虫；蚯蚓
blue tit：青山雀；蓝山雀
hawk moth：天蛾
bromeliad：凤梨
moorhen：黑水鸡
elephant：象
chimpanzee：黑猩猩
albatross：信天翁
tiger shark：虎鲨
ep03：
spectacled bear：眼镜熊
woolly spider monkey：绒毛蛛猴
small red panda：小熊猫
bamboo：竹
finch：雀；地雀
giant tortoise：象龟
fish：鱼
manta ray：蝠鲼
sea louse：鱼虱
barnacle：藤壶
grouper：石斑鱼
wrasse：濑鱼；裂唇鱼
cleaner fish：濑鱼
coral：珊瑚
moray eel：海鳝；鯙
suckerfish：鮣鱼
tadpole：蝌蚪

数学名词中英文对照表

A abbreviation 简写符号；简写absolute error 绝对误差absolute value 绝对值accuracy 准确度acute angle 锐角acute-angled triangle 锐角三角形add 加addition 加法addition formula 加法公式addition law 加法定律addition law(of probability)（概率)加法定律additive property 可加性adjacent angle 邻角adjacent side 邻边algebra 代数algebraic 代数的algebraic equation 代数方程algebraic expression 代数式algebraic fraction 代数分式；代数分数式algebraic inequality 代数不等式algebraic operation 代数运算alternate angle （交）错角alternate segment 交错弓形altitude 高；高度；顶垂线;高线ambiguous case 两义情况；二义情况amount 本利和；总数analysis 分析；解析analytic geometry 解析几何angle 角angle at the centre 圆心角angle at the circumference 圆周角angle between a line and a plane 直与平面的交角angle between two planes 两平面的交角angle bisection 角平分angle bisector 角平分线；分角线angle in the alternate segment 交错弓形的圆周角angle in the same segment 同弓形内的圆周角angle of depression 俯角angle of elevation 仰角angle of greatest slope 最大斜率的角angle of inclination 倾斜角angle of intersection 相交角；交角angle of rotation 旋转角angle of the sector 扇形角angle sum of a triangle 三角形内角和angles at a point 同顶角annum（X% per annum）年(年利率X％）anti—clockwise direction 逆时针方向；返时针方向anti-logarithm 逆对数；反对数anti —symmetric 反对称apex 顶点approach 接近;趋近approximate value 近似值approximation 近似；略计；逼近Arabic system 阿刺伯数字系统arbitrary 任意arbitrary constant 任意常数arc 弧arc length 弧长arc-cosine function 反余弦函数arc—sin function 反正弦函数arc-tangent function 反正切函数area 面积arithmetic 算术arithmetic mean算术平均；等差中顶;算术中顶arithmetic progression 算术级数；等差级数arithmetic sequence 等差序列arithmetic series 等差级数arm 边arrow 前号ascending order 递升序ascending powers of X X 的升幂associative law 结合律assumed mean 假定平均数assumption 假定；假设average 平均；平均数；平均值average speed 平均速率axiom 公理axis 轴axis of parabola 拋物线的轴axis of symmetry 对称轴B back substitution 回代bar chart 棒形图;条线图；条形图；线条图base （1)底；（2）基;基数base angle 底角base area 底面base line 底线base number 底数；基数base of logarithm 对数的底bearing 方位（角）;角方向(角）bell-shaped curve 钟形图bias 偏差;偏倚billion 十亿binary number 二进数binary operation 二元运算binary scale 二进法binary system 二进制binomial 二项式binomial expression 二项式bisect 平分;等分bisection method 分半法；分半方法bisector 等分线；平分线boundary condition 边界条件boundary line 界（线）;边界bounded 有界的bounded above 有上界的；上有界的bounded below 有下界的；下有界的bounded function 有界函数brace 大括号bracket 括号breadth 阔度broken line graph 折线图C calculation 计算calculator 计算器；计算器cancel 消法；相消canellation law 消去律capacity 容量Cartesian coordinates 笛卡儿坐标Cartesian plane 笛卡儿平面category 类型；范畴central line 中线central tendency 集中趋centre 中心;心centre of a circle 圆心centroid 形心；距心certain event 必然事件chance 机会change of base 基的变换change of subject 主项变换change of variable 换元；变量的换chart 图;图表checking 验算chord 弦chord of contact 切点弦circle 圆circular 圆形；圆的circular function 圆函数；三角函数circular measure 弧度法circumcentre 外心；外接圆心circumcircle 外接圆circumference 圆周circumradius 外接圆半径circumscribed circle 外接圆class 区;组;类class boundary 组界class interval 组区间;组距class limit 组限；区限class mark 组中点；区中点classification 分类clnometer 测斜仪clockwise dirction 顺时针方向closed convex region 闭凸区域closed interval 闭区间coefficient 系数coincide 迭合；重合collection of terms 并项collinear 共线collinear planes 共线面column (1）列；纵行;(2) 柱combination 组合common chord 公弦common denominator 同分母；公分母common difference 公差common divisor 公约数；公约common factor 公因子；公因子common logarithm 常用对数common multiple 公位数；公倍common ratio 公比common tangetn 公切commutative law 交换律comparable 可比较的compass 罗盘compass bearing 罗盘方位角compasses 圆规compasses construction 圆规作图complement 余；补余complementary angle 余角complementary event 互补事件complementary probability 互补概率completing the square 配方complex number 复数complex root 复数根composite number 复合数；合成数compound bar chart 综合棒形图compound discount 复折扣compound interest 复利;复利息computation 计算computer 计算机；电子计算器concave 凹concave downward 凹向下的D data 数据decagon 十边形decay 衰变decay factor 衰变因子decimal 小数decimal place 小数位decimal point 小数点decimal system 十进制decrease 递减decreasing function 递减函数;下降函数decreasing sequence 递减序列；下降序列decreasing series 递减级数；下降级数decrement 减量deduce 演绎deduction 推论deductive reasoning 演绎推理definite 确定的；定的distance 距离distance formula 距离公式distinct roots 相异根distincr solution 相异解distribution 公布distrivutive law 分配律divide 除dividend （1）被除数；(2)股息divisible 可整除division 除法division algorithm 除法算式divisor 除数;除式;因子divisor of zero 零因子dodecagon 十二边形dot 点double root 二重根due east/ south/ west /north 向东/ 南/ 西/ 北definiton 定义degree （1)度；（2）次degree of a polynomial 多项式的次数degree of accuracy 准确度degree of precision 精确度delete 删除；删去denary number 十进数denary scale 十进法denary system 十进制denominator 分母dependence （1）相关；(2）应变dependent event(s）相关事件；相依事件；从属事件dependent variable 应变量;应变数depreciation 折旧descending order 递降序descending powers of X X 的降序detached coefficients 分离系数（法) deviation 偏差；变差deviation from the mean 离均差diagonal 对角diagram 图；图表diameter 直径difference 差digit 数字dimension 量；量网；维（数) direct proportion 正比例direct tax，direct taxation 直接税direct variation 正变（分）directed angle 有向角directed number 有向数direction 方向；方位discontinuous 间断(的）；非连续(的）；不连续（的）discount 折扣discount per cent 折扣百分率discrete 分立；离散discrete data 离散数据；间断数据discriminant 判别式dispersion 离差displacement 位移disprove 反证 E edge 棱;边elimination 消法elimination method 消去法；消元法elongation 伸张；展empirical data 实验数据empirical formula 实验公式empirical probability 实验概率;经验概率enclosure 界限end point 端点entire surd 整方根equal 相等equal ratios theorem 等比定理equal roots 等根equality 等（式) equality sign 等号equation 方程equation in oneunknown 一元方程equation in two unknowns (variables) 二元方程equation of a straight line 直线方程equation of locus 轨迹方程equiangular 等角(的）extreme value 极值equidistant 等距（的）equilaeral 等边(的) equilateral polygon 等边多边形equilateral triangle 等边三角形equivalent 等价(的) error 误差escribed circle 旁切圆estimate 估计；估计量Euler’s formula 尤拉公式；欧拉公式evaluate 计值even function 偶函数even number 偶数evenly distributed 均匀分布的event 事件exact 真确exact solution 准确解；精确解；真确解exact value 法确解；精确解；真确解example 例excentre 外心exception 例外excess 起exclusive 不包含exclusive events 互斥事件exercise 练习expand 展开expand form 展开式expansion 展式expectation 期望expectation value, expected value 期望值;预期值experiment 实验；试验experimental 试验的experimental probability 实验概率exponent 指数express…in terms of….. 以………表达expression 式;数式extension 外延;延长；扩张;扩充exterior angle 外角external angle bisector 外分角external point of division 外分点extreme point 极值点F face 面factor 因子；因式;商factor method 因式分解法factor theorem 因子定理;因式定理factorial 阶乘factorization 因子分解；因式分解factorization of polynomial 多项式因式分解FALSE 假（的）feasible solution 可行解；容许解Fermat’s last theorem 费尔马最后定理Fibonacci number 斐波那契数；黄金分割数Fibonacci sequence 斐波那契序列fictitious mean 假定平均数figure （1)图(形)；（2)数字finite 有限finite population 有限总体finite sequence 有限序列finite series 有限级数first quartile 第一四分位数first term 首项fixed deposit 定期存款fixed point定点flow chart 流程图foot of perpendicular 垂足for all X 对所有X for each /every X 对每一X form 形式；型formal proof 形式化的证明format 格式；规格formula（formulae) 公式four rules 四则four-figure table 四位数表fourth root 四次方根fraction 分数；分式fraction in lowest term 最简分数fractional equation 分式方程fractional index 分数指数fractional inequality 分式不等式free fall 自由下坠frequency 频数；频率frequency distribution 频数分布；频率分布frequency distribution table 频数分布表frequency polygon 频数多边形;频率多边形frustum 平截头体function 函数function of function 复合函数;迭函数functional notation 函数记号G gain 增益；赚；盈利gain per cent 赚率;增益率；盈利百分率game （1）对策；（2）博奕general form 一般式；通式general solution 通解；一般解general term 通项geoborad 几何板geometric mean 几何平均数;等比中项geometric progression 几何级数；等比级数geometric sequence 等比序列geometric series 等比级数geometry 几何；几何学given 给定;已知golden section 黄金分割grade 等级gradient (1）斜率；倾斜率；(2）梯度grand total 总计graph 图像；图形；图表graph paper 图表纸graphical method 图解法graphical representation 图示;以图样表达graphical solution 图解greatest term 最大项greatest value 最大值grid lines 网网格线group 组；grouped data 分组数据;分类数据grouping terms 并项；集项growth 增长growth factor 增长因子H half closed interval 半闭区间half open interval 半开区间head 正面（钱币）height 高（度）hemisphere 半球体；半球heptagon 七边形Heron's formula 希罗公式hexagon 六边形higher order derivative 高阶导数highest common factor(H.C。

专业名词

反转
reverse rotation
数量
quantity
修理
repair
模板
template
蜂鸣器
buzzer
指示器
indactor
挡
stop
堵
端口
损耗
block port loss
阀
valve
漫反射
diffuse reflector
击穿
breakdown
软线
cord
通断时间
make-break time
饮料
Beverage
轴
Axis
输送装置
Conveyer
连接，关节
Joint
跺（板）
Pallet
纸板包装机
Cartoner
先进的
Advanced
装备
Equipment
裹膜
Film wrapping
板仓
cardboard Magazine
原理
Principle
密封
安装工
收养，采用
Seal Erector
全自动
Wrap-around
膜包的
Film-wrapped
贴标机冷热胶
直径纸箱型号参数
Labeling
Hotmelt or cold glue
Diameter
Carton/ Case
Model
Parameter
膜包
Film wrapping
媒介，车辆，编码站
Vehicle
隔板
Spacer
栅格
Servo
手续
Cylinder Grid
Procedure

有机化学中常见名词中英文对照

学疏专业班级有机化学中常见名词中英文对照英中对照abietic acid （松香酸）acetal （缩醛）acid anhydride（酸Sf）A. Couper （古柏尔）acridine （卩丫唏）acronycine （山油柑碱）acidylating reaction（酰化反应）acyl group （酰基）acyl halide （酰卤）adenine （腺嚓吟）adrenal cortex hormone （肾上腺皮质激素）A. Kekule （开库勒）alanine （丙氨酸）alcoholysis （醇解）aldehyde （醛）alicyclic hydrocarbon（脂环炷）alizarin（茜草素）alizarin-type （茜素型）alkane （烷桂）alkene （烯桂）alkylation （傅-克烷基化反应）alkyne （烘炷）aloeemodin （芦荟大黃素）amines （胺类）amide （酰胺）amidino （腺基）amino acid （氨基酸）-aminobutyric acid （-氨基丁酸）ammonolysis （氨解）andiron formula （锯架式）andrographo 1 ide （穿心莲内酯）anisodine （樟柳碱）annulene （轮烯）anomer （异头物）anomeric effect （异头效应）anthocyanidin （花色素）anthraquinone （蔥醍）anthrol （蔥酚）anthrone （蔥酮）anthracene （蔥）anti aromaticity or anti aromatic compound （反芳香性化合物）apigenin （芹菜素）apple polyphenols （苹果多酚）aromatic compound （芳香性化合物）aromatic hydrocarbon （芳香绘）aromaticity （芳香性）aromatization （芳构化）arecoline （槟榔碱）arginine （精氨酸）aspartic acid （天冬氨酸）asymmetric carbon atom （手性碳原子）atomic orbital （原子轨道）A. Wurtz reaction （武兹反应）axial bond （直立键，& 键）azul 奥！（）Baeyer （拜耳）baicalein （黃苓素）baicalin （黃苓昔）barbital （巴比妥）barbituric acid（巴比妥酸）base complementary （碱基配对）benzoimidazole （苯并咪醴）benzothiazole （苯并唾I坐）学疏专业班级学号benzene （苯）berberine （小漿碱）Berzelius （伯察留史）beta-pleated sheet （-折叠）bi-anthracene nucleus （双蔥核）biological methylate （生物甲基化）biuret reaction（缩二服反应）□ bond （o 键）n bond （兀键）borneol （龙脑）Braun reaction （布朗反应）bridged hydrocarbon （桥环绘）bytrepob （布特力洛夫）camphor （樟脑）cardiac glycosides （强心昔）camptothecine （喜树碱）carotene （胡萝卜素）carthamin （红花昔）carbene （卡宾；碳烯）carbohydrate （碳水化合物）carbonyl 俄基）carboxyl （竣基）carboxylic acid（竣酸）cassiamine （山扁豆双醍）catechin （儿茶素）cellobiose （纤维二糖）cellulose （纤维素）cephalin（脑磷脂）chain carbon constitution （链状碳架）chain initiation step （链引发阶段）chain propagation step （链增长阶段）chain termination step （链终止阶段）chaicone （查尔酮）charge-transfer complex （电荷转移络合物）chemical bond （化学键）chemocholic acid（鹅去氧胆酸）chirality （手性）chitin （甲壳质）chitosamine （壳糖胺）chlorophyll （叶绿素）cholalic acid （胆笛酸）cholestane （胆縉烷）cholesterol （胆笛醇）chromatography （色谱法）chrysophanol 9-anthrone （9-蔥酮大黃酚）chrysarobin （柯械素）cinchonine （金鸡宁）cis-trans isomer （顺反异构体）cistrans isomerism （顺反异构）citral （柠檬醛）Claisen rearrangement （克莱森重排）Claisen-Schmidt reaction （克莱森一斯密特反应）cocaine （古柯碱）codonopsine （党参碱）concerted reaction （协同反应）condensed nuclei hydrocarbon （稠环坯）conformation （构象）conformational isomerism （构象异构）coniine （毒芹碱）conjugated diene （共辘二烯桂）conjugation system （共轨体系）conjugative effect （共轨效应）conservation of orbital symmetry （分子轨道对称性守恒理论）constitutional isomerism （构造异构）coprostane （粪笛烷）学疏专业班级学号cortisone （可的松）crown ether （冠瞇）cumulative diene （聚集二烯婭）curcumenol （莪术醇）cyanidin （矢车菊素）cyclic carbon constitution （环状碳架）cycloaddition recation （环力口成反应）cycloalkane （脂环桂）cyclodextrin （环糊精）cysteine （半胱氨酸）daidzein （大豆黃素）Darzens reaction（达尔森反应）decarboxylation （脱竣反应）delocaization（离域）delocalization energy（离域能）delocalized electron （离域电子）delocalized energy（离域能）delphinidin（飞燕草素）denature （变性）deoxyribonuc 1 eic acid（脱氧核糖核酸）derivative of carboxylic acid （竣酸衍生物）diastereoisomer （非对映体）学疏专业班级学号diazonium salt （重氮盐）chborane （乙硼烷）dichlorocarbene （•二氯卡宾）P -dichroine （ P -常山碱）Diels一Alder reaction （狄尔斯一阿尔德反应）diene （双烯体，二烯婭）dienophile （亲双烯体）dihydrochalcone （.：氢查尔酮）B —dihydrotheelin （ B —雌二醇）distillation （蒸镭法）diterpenoids （二？£类）effective atomic number （有效原子序数）E.J. Cory—H. House reaction （科瑞一郝思反应）electric field scan （电场扫描）18-electron rule （18 电子规则）electromeric effect （电性效应）electrophilic addition （亲电加成反应）electrophilic substitution （亲电取代）electrophile （亲电性试剂）elimination reaction （消除反应）Emde degradation （埃姆徳降解）1- emetine（1-吐根碱）emodin-type （大黄素型）enantiomerism （对映异构）enantiomer （对映体）end—group effect （端基效应）entgegen （E,相反之意）energy of activation （活化能）enzyme （酶）ephedrine （麻黃碱）epicatechin （表儿茶素）epicatechin gallate（表儿茶素没食子酸酯）epigallocatechin （表没食子儿茶素）epigallocatechin gallate （表没食子儿茶素，没食子酸酯）epimer （差向异构体）epoxidation （环氧化反应）equatorial bond（平伏键，e 键）ergometrine （麦角新碱）ergostenol （麦角笛醇）essential amino acid （必需氨基酸）essential fatty acid（必需脂肪酸）ester （酯）ester辻ication（酯化反应）farnesol （金合欢醇）fatty acid（脂肪酸）Fischer projection formula（费歇尔投影式）flavanol（黃烷醇）flavanone （_.氢黄酮）flavanonol （二氢黃酮醇）flavonoid （黃酮）flavonol （黄酮醇）f ormal in （福尔马林）free radical （自由基）free radical chain reaction （自山基链反应）Freon （氟利昂）Friedel-Crafts reaction （傅瑞德尔一克拉夫兹反应）Frohde reageProhde 试剂）frontier orbital （前线轨道理论）fructose （果糖）fucose （海藻糖）furan （咲喃）fused ring carbon constitution （稠环碳架）F.Wohler （武勒）galactose （半乳糖）Gabreil reaction （盖布瑞尔合成法）gallocatechin （没食子儿茶素）gallocatechin gallate （没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯）Ga11ermann-Koch reaction （盖特曼一科希反应）geometricalisomer （儿何异构体）germacrone （杜鹃酮）glucose （葡萄糖）glutamic acid （谷氨酸）glutamine （谷酰胺）glycerol （甘油）glycocholic acid （甘氨胆酸）glycogen （糖原）glycoside （糖昔）glycyrrhizic acid （甘草酸）g 1 y c yr rhe t i n i c ac i d （甘草次酸）Gmelin （哥美林）green tea polyphenols （绿茶多酚）Grignard Reaction （格氏反应）Grignard Reagent （格林那试剂，格氏试剂）G.Schiemann reac tion （希曼反应）guaiazulene （愈创木奥）guanidine （K）guan i di no （）1瓜基）guanine （鸟卩票吟）guanyl （眯基）haloform （卤仿）halogenation （卤代反应）halogenation reaction （卤化反应）Haworth （哈沃斯）heat of hydrogenation （氢化热）学疏专业班级学号heat of reaction （反应热）hemiacetal （半缩醛）hesperetin （橙皮素）Hinsberg reaction （兴斯堡反应）histidine （组氨酸）H.Kolbe （科尔贝）Hoffmann degradation （霍夫曼降解反应）Hoffmann elimination （霍夫曼消除）Hoffmann exhaustive methylation （霍夫曼彻底屮基化反应）HOMO （Highest Occupied Molecnlar Orbital,最高被占用分子轨道）homolog （同系物）homologous series （同系列）hormone （激素）HUckel rule （休克尔规则）hybrid orbital （杂化轨道）hydroboration （硼氢化反应）hydrocortisone （氢化可的松）hydrogen bond （氢键）hydrolysis （水解）hyoscyamine （產若碱）hyper con jugat i on effect （超共辄效应）imidazole （咪醴）inclusion compound （包含物）indole （口引嗥）inductive effect （诱导效应）infrared spectroscopy （红夕卜光谱）insulin （胰岛素）invert sugar （转化糖）iodine number （碘值）tectoridin （莺尾学疏专业班级学号昔）isoelectric point （PI,等电点）isoflavanone （〔氢异黃酮）isoflavone （异黄酮）isolated diene （隔离：烯桂）isoleucine （异亮氨酸）isoliquiri tigenin（异甘草素）isomer （同分异构体）isoquinoline （异卩奎卩林）isorhamnetin （异鼠李素）isorhynchophylline （异钩藤碱）isothiazole （异嚏醴）isoxazole （异噁醴）Jones reagent （琼斯试剂）ketal （缩酮）ketone （酮）K. fries rearrangement （傅瑞斯重排）K. Fukui （福井谦一）Knoevenagel reaction （克脑文盖尔反应）Kolbe-Schmidt reaction （柯尔柏-施密特反应）Kutchcrov reaction （库切洛夫反应）lactose （乳糖）lecithin（卵磷脂）leptosidin （莱普西汀）leucine （壳氨酸）leucocyanidin （无色矢车菊素）limonene （苧烯）Lindlar （林德拉）liquiritin （甘草昔）lithium methide （甲基锂）lobeline （山梗菜碱）Lucas reagent （卢卡斯试剂）LUMO （Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbita 1）最低空余分子轨道lupinine （羽扇豆碱）lycopene （番茄红素）lycopodine （石松碱）lysine （赖氨酸）maackiain （高丽槐素）Macquis reagent （Macquis 试剂）macrophylline （大叶千里光碱）magnesium acetate reaction （酉昔酸镁反应）magnetic field scan （磁场扫描）malonyl urea（丙二酰SR）maltose （麦芽糖）Mannich reaction （满尼希反应）mannose （甘露糖）mass spectroscopy （质谱）matrine （苦参碱）M. Besthelot （佰赛儒）Mclafferty （麦可拉费蒂重排）（-）-melacacidin ［（-）黑金合欢素］menthol （薄荷醇）学疏专业班级学号（）-menthol ［（）-薄荷醇］menthone （薄荷酮）mesomer （内消旋体）methionine （蛋氨酸）methylporgestin （屮孕酮）provera （¥ 孕酮）methyl testosterone （屮基睾丸素）molecular orbital （分子轨道）molecular orbital theory （分子轨道理论）monoanthracene nucleus （单蔥核）monocrotaline （一野白合碱）monomer （单体）monoterpenoids （单菇）monosaccharide （单糖）morphine （吗啡）mutarotation （变旋光现象）naphthalene （荼）narcotine （那可汀）natrium amalgam reaction （钠汞齐反应）（）-neomenthol ［（）-新薄荷醇］nerol （橙花醇）Newman projection （纽曼投影式）Newman projection formula（纽曼投影式）Nicol prism（尼科尔棱镜）nicotine （烟碱）ninhydrin （E 卩三酮）nitration （硝化反应）nitro compound （硝基化合物）nonaromatic compound （非芳香性化合物）nonbenzenoid hydrocarbon （非苯芳绘）nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy （核磁共振谱）nucleic acid（核酸）nucleophilic addition（亲核加成反应）nucleophilic reagent （亲核试剂）nucleoside （核昔）nucleotide （核昔酸）ocimene （罗勒烯）oligosaccharide （寡糖）frontier orbital （前线轨道理论）Oppenaner oxidizing reaction （欧芬脑尔氧化）optical isomer （旋光异构体）optical rotation instrument （旋光仪）organometallic compound （有机金属化合物）organometallics （金属有机化合物）orientation rule （定位规则）oxanthrano 1 （氧化恿酚）oxazole （噁醴）oxidation number （氧化值）oxidation state （氧化态）oxonium salt 盐）oxymatrine （氧化苦参碱）palmatine （巴马汀）papaverine （罂粟碱）paraffin （烷桂）pelargonidin （天竺葵素）peptide （肽）peptide bond （肽键）peptide linkage（肽键）pericyclic reaction （周环反应）Perkin reaction （柏金反应）permeation （透析法）peroxide （过氧化物）peroxide effect （过氧化物效应）phellamurin （黃柏素-7-0-葡萄糖昔）phenanthrene （菲）phenylalanine （苯丙氨酸）phosphorus ylide （麟叶立徳）phylloxanthin （叶黄素）physostigmine （毒扁豆碱）pinacol （频哪醇）pinene （菰烯）piperine （胡椒碱）plane polarized light （平面偏振光）polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon （多环芳绘）polymer （聚合物）polynuclear aromatic compound （稠环芳绘）polypeptide （多肽）polyreaction （聚合反应）polysaccharide （多糖）polytetrafluroethyleney （泰氟隆）unsaturated fatty acid（不饱和脂肪酸）precipitation （沉淀法）primary structure （一级结构）proanthocyanidin （原花色素）progesterone （黃体酮）protein （蛋白质）pseudoephedrine （伪麻黄碱）pteridine （蝶唳）purine （卩票吟）pyran （毗喃）pyrazine （毗嗪）pyrazole （毗醴）pyridazine （哒嗪）pyridine （毗唏）pyrimidine （喘唳）pyrrole （毗咯）quaternary structure （四级结构）quercetin （榆I皮素）quinine （奎宁）quinoline （卩奎咻）quinones （醍）racemic mixture （外消旋体）racemization （外消旋化）rancidity （酸败）Raney Ni （兰尼線）reaction mechanism （反应历程）Reimer-Tiemann react ion （瑞穆尔一蒂曼反应）reserpine （利血平）residue （残基）resonance energy （共振能）resonance hybrid （共振杂化体）resonance theory （共振论）resonating structure （共振结构式）resveratrol （白藜芦醇）R. B. Woodward （伍徳沃德）rhe in （大黄酸）R. Hoffmann （霍夫曼）rhynchophylline （钩藤碱）ribonucleic acid（核糖核酸）ribose （核糖）rotation （旋光度）rutin （芦丁）saccharide （糖类）Sandmeyer-Gattermann reaction （桑得迈尔一盖特曼反应）Sandmeyer reaction （桑得迈尔反应）saponification （皂化）saponification number （皂化值）Sarrett reagent （沙瑞特试剂）Sawhares projection （萨哈斯投影式）sawhorse projection formula（锯架式）Schiff* s base（西佛碱）secondary structure （二级结构）securinine （一叶萩碱）sennoside A、B、C、D （番泻昔A、B、C、D） serine（丝氨酸）sesquiterpenoids （倍半SS）sigmatropic reaction （ o 键迁移反应）silane （硅烷）single bond（单键）sinoacutine （清风藤碱）B—sitosterol （B一谷縉醇）skyrin （天精，酉昆茜素）S x（NucleophMie substitution）（亲核取代）S X1 （单分子亲核取代反应）S、・2 （双分子亲核取代反sodium borohydride reaction （四氢硼钠反应）sparteine （金雀花碱）specific rotation （比旋光度）sphingomyelin （鞘磷脂）spiro hydrocarbon （螺环坯）squalene （鲨烯）stachydrine （水苏碱）starch （淀粉）stereochemistry （立体化学）stereoisomer （立体异构）stereocpecificity （立体专一性）steroidal compound （笛体化合物）Stevens rearrangement （史蒂文斯重排）stigmastane （豆當烷）strychnine （士的F）sucrose （蔗糖）sulfonation （磺化反应）systematic nomenclature （系统命需法）taurocholic acid （牛磺胆酸）tautomer （互变异构体）tautomerism （互变异构现象）taxifolin （黄杉素）tea polyphenols （茶多酚）Teflon （泰氟隆）terpenoid （祜类化合物）tertiary structure （三级结构）testosterone （睾丸素）tetrahydropalmatine （延胡索乙素，四氢巴马汀）tetramethyl silane （四甲基硅烷）tetraterpenoid （四菇类）thiazole （噬醴）thiophene （卩塞吩）threonine （苏氨酸）torsional energy （扭转能）torsional strain （扭转张力）transition sate （过渡态）triglyceride （甘油三酯）trimethyl aluminium （三屮基铝）triptolide （雷公藤甲素）triterpenoid （三菇类）tryptophan （色氨酸）tylophorinine （娃儿藤定碱）tyrosine （酪氨酸）uridine （尿喀唏）urea （服）urotropine （乌洛托品）valence bond method （价键学说）valine （織氨酸）visible-ultraviolet spectroscopy （可见一紫外光谱）vitamin A（维生素A）vitamin B-（维生素BQWilkinson （威尔克森）Williamson synthesis （威廉森合成法）Wittig reaction (维蒂希反应)zingiberene (姜烯)Zusammen (Z,德文，在一起之意)中英对照A.J 反应历程(A J reaction mechanism )卩丫唳(acridine)埃姆德降解(Emde degradation)安息香缩合反应(benzoic condensation reaction) 氨基酸(amino acid)-氨基J 酸(-aminobutyric acid)氨解(ammonolysis)胺(amines)(azulene)B AC2反应历程(B AC2 reaction mechanism )巴比妥(barbital)巴马汀(palmatine)白藜芦醇(resveratrol)拜耳(Baeyer)佰赛儒(M. Besthelot)半缩醛(semiacetal )半胱氨酸(cysteine)半乳糖(galactose)包含物(inclusion compound)苯丙氨酸(phenylalanine)苯(benzene)苯甲酸(benzoic acid)班级学院苯二中酸(benzene dicarboxylic acid)苯并咪醴(benzimidazole)苯并U塞醴(benzothiazole)倍半?E (sesqui terpenoid)比旋光度(specific rotation)必需氨基酸(essential amino acid)变性(denature)变旋光现象(mutarotation)表儿茶素(epicatechin)表儿茶素没食子酸酯(epicatechin gallate)表没食子儿茶素(epigallocatechin)表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(epigallocatechin gallate) 表面活性剂(surface active agent )槟榔碱(arecoline)丙氨酸(alanine)丙氨酸乙硫酯(ethyl alanine sulfide)丙二酰服(malonyl urea)伯察留史(Berzelius)柏金(Perkin)反应薄荷醇(menthol)()一薄荷醇(()一menthol)薄荷酮(menthone)布特力洛夫(Bytrepob)布朗反应(Braun reaction)残基(residue)草酸(oxalic acid)超共辘效应(hyperconjugation effect)差向异构体(epimer)查尔酮(chaicone)茶多酚(tea polyphenols)B -常山碱(B -dichroine)沉淀法(precipitation)橙皮素(hesperetin)橙花醇(nerol)稠环芳坯(polynuclear aromatic compound) 稠环碳架(fused ring carbon constitution) 醇钠(sodium alcohols)醇解(alcoholysis)穿心莲内酯(andrographo 1 i de)磁场扫描(magnetic field scan)B —雌二醇(B —dihydrotheelin)酉昔酸镁反应(magnesium acetate reaction ) 萃取法(extraction) DDQ (2, 3—二氯一5, 6—氛基一1, 4 —苯酉昆)大黃素型(emodin-type)大黄酸(rhein)大豆黄素(daidzein)大叶千里光碱(macrophyll ine)达尔森(Darzen)反应哒嗪(pyridazine)单键(single bond)单体(monomer)单蔥核(monoanthracene nucleus)单菇(monot erpeno i ds)单糖(monosaccha:ride)单线态(singlet)蛋氨酸(methionine)蛋白质(protein)胆當烷(cholestane)胆笛醇(cholesterol)胆笛酸(cholalic acid) 胆笛烷(cholestane) 胆笛醇(cholesterol)党参碱(codonopsine)等电点(isoelectric point , PI) 迪克曼反应(Dieckmann reaction ) 狄尔斯一阿尔德(Diels-Alher) 电场扫描(electric field scan) 电性效应(electromeric effect) 电荷转移络合物(charge-transfer complex) 碘仿试验(iodoform test) 碘值(iodine number )淀粉(starch)敌敌畏(dichlorovos)蝶唳(pteridine)丁烯二酸(butene dioic acid) 定位规则(orient at iong rule) 动力学概念(dynamical concept) 豆笛烷(stigmastane) 毒芹碱(coniine) 毒扁豆碱(physostigmine) 杜鹃酮(germacrone) 端基效应(end—group effect) 对映异构(enantiomerism) 对映体(enantiomers) 对氨基苯磺酰胺(sulfanilamide) 多环芳桂(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon)多糖(polysaccharide)多肽(polypeptide)多磷酸酯(polyphosphate ester)E (entgegen,德文，相反之意)EAN 规则(EAN rule)莪术醇(curcumenol)鹅去氧胆酸(chemocholic acid)噁醴(oxazole)蔥(anthracene)蔥酚(anthrol)蔥I® (anthraquinones)蔥酮(anthrone)9-蔥酮大黃酚(chrysophanol 9-anthrone)儿茶素(catechin)〔烯桂(diene)〔氯卡宾(dichlorocarbene)—.屮亚飒(dimethyl sulfoxide)—•硫基丙醇(dimercaptopropanol )：级结构(secondary structure):氢黃酮(flavanone)—.氢黃酮醇(flavanonol)"•氢异黄酮(isoflavanone)二氢查尔酮(dihydrochalcone)二桔类(diterpenoids)番泻昔A、B、C、D(sennoside A、B、C、D) 番茄红素(lycopene)反芳香性化合物(antiaromatic compound)反应历程(reaction mechanism)反应热(heat of reaction)芳香绘(aromatic hydrocarbon)芳香性(aromaticity)芳香性化合物(aroniatic compound)芳构化(aromatization)放氮反应(denitr辻ication)E 燕草素(delphinidin)非芳香性化合物(nonaromatic compound)非离子表面活性剂(nonionic)非对映体(diasteroisomer)非质子性溶剂(nonprotonic solvent )非苯芳坯(nonbenzenoid hydrocarbon)菲(phenanthrene)斐林溶液(Fehting solution )费歇尔(E. Fischer)费歇尔投影式(Fischer projection formula)分子轨道(molecular orbital)分子轨道对称性守恒理论(conservation of orbital symmetry theory)分子轨道理论(molecular orbital theory)酚节明(Phenoxybenzamine)芬克尔斯坦(Finkelstein)芬氟拉明(fenfluramine)粪笛烷(coprostane)氟芬那酸(flufenamic Acid)福井谦一(K. Fukui)傅-克反应(Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction)傅瑞斯重排(K. fries rearrangement)傅瑞德-克拉天茨反应(Friedel-Crafts reaction)辅酶Qw( coenzyme Q10)咲喃(furan)盖布瑞尔合成法(Gabreil reaction)盖特曼一科希(Gattermann-Koch)反应甘露糖(mannose)甘氨酸(glycine)甘油(glycerol)甘氨胆酸(glycocholic acid)甘草酸(glycyrrhizic acid)甘草次酸(glycyrrhetinic acid)甘草昔(liquiritin)高丽槐素(maackiain)睾丸素(testosterone)隔离—.烯桂(isolated diene) 格林那试剂(Grignard reagent) 哥美林(Gmelin)共振能(resonance energy)共振论(resonance theory) 共振杂化体(resonance hybrid) 共振结构式(resonating structure) 共轨效应(conjugative effect) 共辄体系(conjugation system) 共辄二烯烧(conjugated diene) 构象(conformation)构象异构(conformational isomerism) 构造异构(constitutional isomerism) 构型保持(configuration conservation) 构型转化(configuration inversion) 钩藤碱(rhynchophyll ine)B —谷笛醇(B —sitosterol)谷氨酸(glutamic acid)谷酰胺(glutamine)古柏尔(A. Couper)古柯碱(cocaine)M(guanidine )寡糖(o 1 igasaccharide)冠瞇(crown ether)光学异构体(optical isomer)硅烷(silane)硅油(silicon oil)过氧化物(peroxide)过氧化物效应(peroxide effect)过渡态(transition state)果糖(fructose)哈沃斯(Haworth)海藻糖(fucose)核磁共振谱(nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) 核昔酸(nucleotide)核甘(nucleoside)核酸(nucleic acid)核糖(ribose)(~) -黑金合欢素[(-)melacacidin)]红古豆碱(cuskohygrine)红花昔(carthamin)红夕卜光谱(infrared spectroscopy)互变异构现象(tautomerism)互变异构体(tautomer)胡萝卜素(carotene)胡椒碱(piperine)榊皮素(quercetin)化学键(chemical bond)花色素(anthocyanidin)环坯(cyclic hydrocarbon)环氧化反应(epoxidation)环力口成反应(cycloaddition recation)环状碳架(cyclic carbon constitution)环己—•酮(cyclic hexanedione)环糊精(cyclodextrin)a , B —环氧酸酯(a , B —cycloxacid ester)黄柏素-7-0-葡萄糖昔(phellamurin)黄苓素(baicalein)黄苓昔(baicalin)黃杉素(tax辻olin)黄酮(flavonoid)黃酮醇(flavonol)黃烷醇(flavanol)黃体酮(progesterone)磺胺(sulfan 订amide)磺化反应(sulfonation)活化能(energy of activation)霍夫曼(R. Hofmann)霍夫曼降解反应(Hoffmann degradation)霍夫曼消除(Hoffmann elimination)霍夫曼彻底甲基化反应(Hoffmann exhaustive methylation) 儿何异构体(geometrical isomer)己二胺(hexanediamine)(quaternary ammonium salt)W (quaternnary ammonium hydrate )季丿憐盐(quaternary phosphonium salt )激素(hormone)中孕酮(methporgestin)屮基睾丸素(methyl testosterone)屮基锂(lithium methide)甲壳质(chitin)价键学说(valence bond method)假酸式(pseudo-acid form )O 键(o bond)o 键迁移反应(sigma tropic reaction)兀键(Ji bond)碱基配对规律(base pairing rule)姜烯(zingiberene)胶束(micelle)交义醇醛缩合反应(crossed aldol reaction)金合欢醇(farnesol)金属有机化合物(metalloorganic compound)金雀花碱(sparteine)金鸡宇(cinchonine)金刚烷胺(symmetrel)紧密离子对(tightness ionpair )精氨酸(arginine)竞争反应(competing reaction )聚合物(polymer)聚合反应(polyreaction)聚集二烯桂(cumulative diene)锯架式(andiron formula ; sawhorse projection formula) 卡宾(碳烯)(Carbene)开息纳尔一武尔夫(Kishner-WoIff)—黃鸣龙法凯库勒(A. Kekule) 康尼查罗(Cannizzaro )反应科尔贝(H・Kolbe)科瑞一郝思反应(E.J.Cory—H. House reaction) 可的松(cortisone) 可见一紫外光谱(visible-ultraviolet spectroscopy)克莱森一斯密特(Claisen-Schmidt)反应克脑文盖尔(Knoevenagel)反应克莱门森(Clemmensen)还原反应克莱森重排(Claisen rearrangement)克莱森缩合反应(Claisen condensation reaction ) 柯尔柏-施密特反应(Kolbe-schmidt reaction) 柯亚素(chrysarobin)壳糖胺(chitos&mine)苦参碱(matrine)库切洛夫反应(Kutchcrov reaction)奎宇(quinine)卩奎卩林(quinoline)酉昆(quinones)醍氢酿(quinhydrone)莱普西汀(leptosidin)赖氨酸(lysine)兰尼银(Raney Ni )奁君碱(hyoscyamine)雷公藤屮素(triptolide)利血平(reserpine)立体选择性(stereoselective)立体专一性(stereospecific)立体异构(stereoisomer)离域(delocalization)离域能(delocalization energy ;delocalized energy) 离域电子(delocalized electron)离去基团(leaving group )链引发阶段(chain initiation step)链增长阶段(chain propagation step)链终止阶段(chain termination step) 链状碳架(chain carbon constitution) 亮氨酸(leucine)林德拉(Lindlar)麟叶立德(phosphorus ylide)0葬(phosphureted hydrogen)錢盐(phosphorate)麟酸(phosphonic acid )硫W(thiourea )硫醇(thioalcohol )硫® (thioether )硫酚(phenylsulfhydryl )留氮反应(reaction of nitrogen retention)龙脑(borneol)卤代反应(halogenation)卤仿(haloform)卤仿反应(haloform reaction )卢卡斯试剂(Lucas reagent)芦荟大黄素(aloe-emodin)芦丁(rutin)ci —卵磷脂(ci —lecithine )轮烯(annulene)酪氨酸(tyrosine)罗勒烯(ocimene)罗森孟德(Rosenmund)还原法螺环绘(spiro hydrocarbon)班级学院氯乙酸屮酯(methyl chloroacetate) (chloro acetyl formate) 绿茶多酚(green tea polyphenols)马尔可夫尼可夫(Markovnikov)规则麻黄碱(ephedrine)吗啡(morphine)麦可拉费蒂(Mclafferty)麦芽糖(maltose)麦角笛醇(ergostenol)麦角新碱(ergometrine)麦克尔加成(Michael addition)满尼希(Mannich)反应梅尔外英一彭多夫(Meerwein-Poundorf)还原反应酶(enzyme)没食子儿茶素(gallocatechin)没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(gallocatechin gallate)眯基(amidino)喘唳(pyrimidine)咪卩坐(imidazole)那可汀(narcotine)钠汞齐反应(natrium amalgam reaction)蔡(naphthalene)脑磷脂(cephalin)内消旋体(meso —form)尼科尔棱镜(Nicol prism)服(尿素)(urea)鸟嚓吟(guanine)尿喘唳(uracil)柠檬醛(citral)苧烯(limonene)牛磺胆酸(taurocholic acid)纽曼投影式(Newmans projection formular)扭转能(torsional energy)扭转张力(torsional strain)欧芬脑尔氧化反应(Oppenaner oxidizing reaction) 偶氮基(azo) 偶合(偶联)反应(coupling reaction)偶合组分(或偶合剂)(coupling agent )偶极-离子键(dipolar-ionic bond )浪烯(pinene)硼氢化反应(hydroboration)硼氢化钠("BHJ毗哆醛(pyridoxal)毗咯(pyrrole)毗喃(pyran)毗嗪(pyrazine)毗醴(pyrazole)毗唳(pyridine)嚓吟(purine)频哪醇(pinacol)平面偏振光(plane polarized light)平伏键(e 键,equatorial bonds)苹果多酚(apple polyphenols)普鲁卡因(procaine )葡萄糖(glucose)歧化反应(disproportionation reaction )前列腺素(prostaglandin)前线轨道(frontier orbital)理论茜草素(alizarin)茜素型(alizarin-type)强心昔(cardiac glycosides)疑月亏酸(hydroximic acid )B —羟基醛(B —hydroxy aldehyde )桥环绘(bridged hydrocarbon)鞘磷脂(sphingomyelinicacid)亲电性试剂(electrophile)亲电加成反应(electrophilic addition)亲电取代(electrophilic substitution)亲核试剂(nucleophilic reagent)亲核加成反应(nucleoph订ic addition)亲核取代(nucleophilic substitution)亲核取代反应历程(nucleophilic substitution reavtion mechanism) 亲双烯体(dienophile)芹菜素(apigenin)氢解(hydrogenolysis)氢化苯基锡(hydrogenation benztin)氢化正丁基锡(hydrogenation butyltin )氢化油(hydrogenated oil )氢化可的松(hydrocort i sone)氢化热(heat of hydrogenation)氢屮酰化法(hydroformylation)氢键(hydrogen bond)清风藤碱(sinoacutine)琼斯试剂(Jones reagent)块桂(alkyne)热力学概念(thermodynamic conception )溶剂化效应(solvating effect)乳糖(lactose)瑞穆尔-蒂曼反应(Reamer-Timann reaction)萨哈斯投影式(Sawhares projection)卩塞吩(thiophene)嚏醴(thiazole)三菇(triterpenoids)三屮基铝(trimethyl aluminium)三级结构(tertiary structure)三线态(triplet state)三苯基麟(triphenyl phosphine)三磷酸腺昔(adenosine triphosphate)桑得迈尔反应(Sandmeyer reaction)桑得迈尔一盖特曼反应(Sandmeyer-Gattermann reaction) 色氨酸(tryptophan)色谱法(chromatography)沙瑞特试剂(Sarrett reagent)鲨烯(squalene)山油柑碱(acronyc ine)山扁豆双覘(cassiamine)山梗菜碱(lobeline)肾上腺皮质激素(adrenal cortex hormone)生物甲基化(biological methylate)18 电子规则(18- electron rule)史蒂文斯重排(Stevens rearrangement)石松碱(lycopodine)士的F (strychnine)矢车菊素(cyanidin)手性(chirality)水苏碱(stachydrine)双蔥核(bi-anthracene nucleus)双烯体(diene)J顺反异构(cistrans isomerism)顺反异构体(cis-trans isomer)四氢巴马汀(tetrahydropalmatine)四级结构(quaternary structure)四氢硼钠反应(sodium borohydride reaction) 四菇(quadruterpene)四屮基硅烷(tetramethylsilane)丝氨酸(serine)松香酸(abietic acid)苏氨酸(threonine)酸败(rancidity )缩醛(acetal)缩二腺反应(biuret reaction)肽(peptide)肽键(peptide bond)碳水化合物(carbohydrate)碳酰氯(carbonyl chloride :phosgene )糖类(saccharide)糖昔(glycoside)糖原(glycogen)天冬氨酸(aspartic acid)天精(skyrin)天竺葵素(pelargonidin)SE 类化合物(terpenoids)同系列(homologous series)同系物(homolog)同分异构体(isomer)酮(ketone)透析法(permeation)1- 吐根碱(1-emetine)脱竣反应(decarboxylic reaction)娃儿藤定碱(tylophorinine)瓦尔登转化(Walden inversion)外消旋体(racemic mixture)外消旋化(racemization)烷绘(alkane)维生素A (vitamin A)维生素By (vitamin B1：)维生素Ki、K: (vitamin K】、K2 )维蒂希反应(Wittig reaction)伪麻黃碱(pseudoephedrine)威尔克森(wilkinson)威廉森合成法(W订liamson synthesis)武勒(F. Wohler)无色矢车菊素(leucocyanidin)伍德沃德(R. B. Woodward)武兹反应(A. Wurtz reaction)烯怪(alkene)系统命名法(systematic nomenclature)西佛碱(Schiff ' s base)希夫(schiff)试剂吸电子共轨效应(electronwithdrawing conjugative effect) 喜树碱(camptothecine)西佛碱(schiff base)希曼反应(G・ Schiemann reaction)纤维二糖(cellobiose)纤维素(cellulose)腺U票吟(adenine)硝化反应(nitration)消除反应(elimination reaction)小漿碱(berberine)硝基化合物(nitro compounds)协同反应(concerted reaction)織氨酸(valine)()—新薄荷醇［()—neomentholJ兴斯堡反应(Hinsberg reaction)胸腺唏唳(thymine) 12-15休克尔规则(HUckel rule)比旋光度(specific rotatory power)旋光仪(optical rotation instrument)旋光异构体(optical isomer)血红素(haemachrome )亚硝酸(nitrous acid)烟碱(nicotine)延胡索乙素(tetrahydropalmatine)盐酸-镁粉反应(HCl-Mg powder reaction)盐酸-锌粉反应(HCl-Zn powder reaction)徉. 盐(oxonium salt)氧化苦参碱(oxymatrine)氧化蔥酚(oxanthranol)氧化态(oxidation state)氧化值(oxidation number)阳离子表面活性剂(cationic surface active agent)叶黄素(phylloxanthin)叶绿素(chlorophyll)一叶萩碱(securinine)—野白合碱(monocrotaline)一级结构(primary structure)乙硼烷(diborane)1 —乙烘基环戊醇(1 —ethynyl cyclopentanol )乙二胺(ethylene diamine)乙烯酮(ethenone ; ketene )乙酸(acetic acid)乙二酸(ethanedioic acid )异kT草素(isoliquiritigenin)异黄酮(isoflavone)异鼠李素(isorhamnetin)异钩藤碱(i s orhynchophy lline)异亮氨酸(isoleucine)异头物(anomer)异头效应(anomeric effect)异噁醴(isoxazole)异嚏醴(isothiazole)异月青(月卡)(isonitrile)异唾咻(isoquinoline)胰岛素(insulin)阴离子表面活性剂(anionic surface active agent)即三酮(ninhydrin )“引口朵(indole)罂粟碱(papaverine)油脂(axunge； grease； lipin；)有效原子序数(effective atomic number)有机金属化合物(organometallic compound)有机锂(organic-Li) (organic lithium ) (organolithium compound) 诱导效应(inductive effect)羽扇豆碱(lupinine)愈创木奥(guaiazulene)原花色素(proanthocyanidin)莺尾昔(iridin)原子轨道(atomic orbital)Z (Zusammen,德文，在一起之意)杂化轨道(hybrid orbital)杂环碳架(heterocycle carbon constitution)笛体化合物(steroidal compound)皂化反应(sapon辻ication reaction)皂化值(s&pon辻ication value)扎依采夫(Saytzeff)规则樟柳碱(anisodine)樟脑(camphor)蔗糖(sucrose)-折叠(beta-pleated sheet)蒸镭法(distillation)质谱(mass spectroscopy)质子性溶剂(protonic solvent)月旨环桂(alicyclic hydrocarbon： cycloalkane) 直立键(a 键,axial bond)重氮化反应(diazotization reaction)重氮盐(diazonium salt)重氮组分(diazocomponent)重氮中烷(diazomethane)周环反应(pericyclic reaction)转化糖(invert sugar)自由基(free radical)自山基链反应(free radical chain reaction)B —紫罗兰酮(P — ionone )组氨酸(histidine)。

中英文名词对照Microsoft Word 文档

A安乐死euthanasia安全带损伤seat belt injury凹陷性骨折depressed fractureB白骨化skeletonized remains半接触枪创near contact gun-shot wound膀胱损伤injuries of the urinary bladder保存型尸体preserved corpse保险杠损伤bumper injury暴力性死亡violent death爆炸explosion爆炸伤explosion injury被虐待儿童综合征battered child syndrome病毒性心肌炎viral myocarditis病理性死亡pathological death病理性窒息pathological asphyxia病态窦房结综合症sick sinus syndrome不可逆转的昏迷irreversible comaC擦过枪弹创grazing bullet wound擦痕grazes, brush abrasion擦伤abrasion擦拭轮abrasion collar产瘤caput succedaneum超生反应supravital reaction超生期supravital period成人呼吸窘迫综合征adult respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS 迟发性溺死delayed drowning冲击波blast wave冲击性脑挫伤coup contusion船舶事故损伤shipwreck injury创wound创伤性窒息traumatic asphyxia创伤愈合wound healing锤击伤injury by hammer刺创stab wound刺切创stab incised wound挫裂创laceration挫伤contusion bruise挫伤轮contusion collarD道路交通事故损伤road traffic accident injury，RTAI低角度射击shallow angle fire低血糖症hypoglycemia抵抗伤defense wound电击死electric death电流斑，电流印记electric mark电流性昏睡electric lethargy电流性水肿electric edema电烧伤electric burns电损伤或电击伤electric injury, electric burns电性窒息electrical asphyxia冻伤frostbite冻死death from cold窦房结动脉狭窄stenosis of sinoaurieular artery对冲性骨折contrecoup fracture对冲性脑挫伤contrecoup contusion钝力性心损伤blunt injuries of the heart钝器伤blunt force injury, blunt instrument injury E鹅皮样皮肤gooseflesh，cutis anserina扼死manual strangulation二次射入创reentry woundF法医病理学forensic pathology法医昆虫学forensic entomology反常脱衣现象paradoxical undressing反跳枪弹创ricochet bullet wound方向盘挤压损伤steering wheel injury放射状骨折radial fracture非典型射入口atypical entrance bullet wound非法行医illegal medical practice非法行医罪guilt of illegal medical practice非医源性医疗纠纷noniatrogenic medical tangle非自然死亡unnatural death肺挫伤contusion of the lungs肺动脉狭窄pulmonary arterial embolism肺浮扬试验hydrostatic test of lung肺裂创laceration of the lungs肺气肿pulmonary emphysema肺死亡pulmonary death肺损伤injuries of the lungs肺性脑病pulmonary encephalopathy肺炎pneumonia分子死亡molecular death粉碎性骨折comminuted fracture浮尸floating cadaver浮游生物plankton斧背伤injury by back of axe辅助死因contributory cause of death腐败decomposition, putrefaction腐败静脉网putrefactive networks腐败气泡putrefactive blister腹部损伤abdominal injuriesG干性溺死dry drowning肝损伤injuries of the liver高坠伤injury by fall from height睾丸鞘膜积血hematocele睾丸鞘膜外伤性积水traumatic hydrocele个人识别personal identification of the deceased 根本死因primary cause of death哽死death from choking宫外孕extrauterine pregnancy沟状枪创gutter wound古尸the ancient corpse骨发育不良osteogenesis imperfecta骨折fracture骨折性脑挫伤fracture contusion骨珍珠osseous pearls冠状动脉口狭窄stenosis of opening of coronary artery 冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病arterioscterotic coronary heart disease 贯通枪弹创perforating bullet wound硅藻diatom棍棒伤injury by club过敏性猝死sudden death from hypersensitivityH航空事故损伤aviation accident injury合法他杀死death from justifiable homicide呼吸机脑respiratory brain呼吸性死亡respiratory death滑动性脑挫伤gliding contusion化骨核ossification center坏死necrosis环状隆起骨折concentric heaving fracture挥鞭样损伤whiplash injuries回旋枪弹创circumferential bullet wound毁坏型尸体destructive corpse毁坏型死后变化destructive postmortem changes活套loop with a slip knot火器firearms火器损伤firearm injury火药斑纹powder tattooingJ机械性损伤mechanical injury机械性窒息mechanical asphyxia肌肉松弛muscular flaccidity即时死instantaneous death急性出血坏死性胰腺炎acute hemorrhagic necrotic pancreatitis，AHNP 急性喉阻塞acute laryngemphraxis急性死亡sudden death急性胃扩张acute dilatation of stomach急性心肌缺血acute cardiac ischemia挤压伤crush injury挤压综合征crush syndrome脊髓出血压迫hemorrhage and compression of the spinal cord 脊髓挫伤contusion of the spinal cord脊髓断裂rupture of spinal cord脊髓水肿edema of spinal cord脊髓损伤injuries of the spinal cord脊髓震荡concussion of spinal cord脊柱损伤injuries of the vertebral column继发性脑死亡secondary brain death假死apparent death剪创clip wound交通事故损伤traffic accident injury交通事故重建traffic accident reconstruction交通损伤injury in transportation交通意外损伤unforeseen injury in transportation角膜混浊postmortem turbidity of cornea接触枪创contact gun-shot wound浸软maceration局部干燥local desiccation巨人观bloated cadaver绝对致命伤absolutely fatal traumaK砍创chop wound空气中缺氧性窒息asphyxia due to ambient hypoxia孔状骨折hole fracture, perforated fractureL勒死ligature strangulation雷电击纹lightning mark雷击死death from lightning雷击综合征lightning syndrome肋骨骨折rib fracture联合死因combined cause of death临床死亡clinical death颅底骨折basilar skull fracture颅盖骨折fractures of the calvarium颅骨擦痕scratch on the skull颅骨骨折fractures of the skull颅骨砍削创peeling of the skull颅骨压痕imprint on the skull颅脑损伤head injuries轮胎花纹印痕wheel grain print轮胎印迹tire marks螺旋桨损伤propeller injuryM慢性死亡chronic death盲管枪弹创penetrating, blind track bullet wound 霉尸molded cadaver弥漫性轴索损伤diffuse axonal injury, DAI泌尿生殖器官损伤injuries of the genitourinary organ 摩托车事故损伤motorcycle accident injury谋杀死death from murder木乃伊mummyN内脏挫伤visceral contusion内脏器官破裂rupture of visceral organ内脏震荡visceral concussion挠痕scratch marks脑挫伤brain contusion脑死亡brain death脑损伤brain injury脑震荡brain concussion泥炭鞣尸cadaver tanned in peat bog溺死drowning碾压伤run-over injury虐待儿童child abuse; child maltreatment虐待儿综合征child abuse syndromePPaltauf斑（溺死斑）Paltauf’s spots泡沫器官foaming organ皮肤金属化electric metallization of skin皮肤撕脱伤或剥皮创avulsion injury of skin皮革样化parchment-like transformation皮内出血intradermal bruise皮下出血subcutaneous hemorrhage脾损伤injuries of the spleenQ气胸pneumothorax气压病dysbarism气压性损伤barotraumas前驱期prodromal stage枪弹创gunshot wound枪弹损伤gunshot injury枪口印痕muzzle imprint切创incised wound切线状射击tangential fire青壮年猝死综合征sudden menhood death syndrome, SMDS屈折枪弹创deflected bullet wound全脑死亡total brain death拳斗姿势pugilistic attitude拳击伤punchingR热痉挛heat cramp热损伤thermal injury热射病heat stroke热衰竭heat exhaustion妊娠高血压综合征pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, PIH 妊娠类过敏综合征anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy日射病sun stroke锐器伤sharp instrument injuryS散弹枪shotgun杀婴infanticide疝性脑挫伤herniation contusion伤害死death from malicious injury伤后存活时间survival period after wounding上行性脊髓缺血性损伤ascending ischemic injury of spinal cord烧伤burn射出口exit bullet wound射创管bullet wound track射击方向direction of fire射击距离range of fire射击命中角度projectile entry angle射入口entrance bullet wound伸展创extension wound肾损伤injuries of the kidneys生活反应vital reaction生理性死亡physiological death生命体征vital sign生前伤ante-mortem injuries生物力学biomechanics生物学死亡biological death尸斑livor mortis尸臭odor of putrefaction尸碱ptomaine尸僵rigor mortis, cadaveric rigidity尸蜡adipocere尸冷algor mortis, cooling of the body尸绿greenish discoloration on cadaver尸体解剖autopsy尸体痉挛cadaveric spasm, instantaneous rigor尸体现象postmortem phenomena试切创hesitation marks, hesitation wounds嗜铬细胞瘤pheochromocytoma树枝状纹arborescent marking or dendritic pattern 刷状擦伤brush abrasion摔跌伤tumbling injury栓塞embolism水性肺气肿aqueous emphysema睡眠中猝死nocturnal sudden unexpected death瞬时空腔效应temporary cavitation effect撕裂创tearing wound死后变化postmortem changes死后分娩postmortem delivery死后化学变化postmortem chemical changes死后间隔时间postmortem interval, PMI死后经历时间the time since death, TSD死后呕吐postmortem vomiting死后人为现象postmortem artifacts死后伤postmortem injuries死后循环cadaveric circulation死套loop with a fixed knot死亡方式manner or mode of death死亡方式不明manner of death unknown死亡机制mechanism of death死亡确认determination of death死亡时间time of death死亡学thanatology死亡诱因inducing cause of death死因cause of death损伤injury损伤机制mechanism of injury损伤时间推断dating of wound锁孔状骨折keyhole fractureTTardieu斑Tardieu’s spots他杀homicide他杀死death from homicide, homicidal death胎便小体meconium corpuscle胎头血肿cephalohaematoma糖尿病diabetes mellitus烫伤scaldingtramline bruises体表平行条状挫伤（中空性皮下出血、“竹打中空”、“铁轨样挫伤”）体位性窒息positional asphyxia体温过低hypothermia条件致命伤conditional fatal trauma铁轨样挫伤train-line bruise, railway line bruise铁路事故损伤railway accident injury捅创poking wound头皮擦伤abrasion of the scalp头皮挫伤bruising of the scalp头皮裂伤laceration of the scalp头皮损伤scalp injuries突发性生理性死亡又称抑制性instantaneous physiological death inhibition death 推断死亡时间estimation of time of death拖擦伤dragging injuryW外伤性窒息traumatic asphyxia晚期死后变化late postmortem changes未成熟儿premature胃肠浮扬试验hydrostatic test of stomach and bowel胃肠损伤injuries of the gastrointestinal tract污垢轮grease ring捂死smothering物理性爆炸physical explosionX细胞性死亡cellular death先天性主动脉狭窄congenital aortic stenosis现场勘查scene investigation线形骨折linear fracture小脑扁桃体疝cerebellar tonsillar hernia小脑幕裂孔疝transtentorial hernia心瓣膜病cardiovalvular disease心功能不全cardiac insufficiency心肌梗死cardiac infarction心损伤injuries of the heart心性死亡cardiac death心源性休克cardiogenic shock心脏骤停cardiac standstill性虐待sexual abuse胸部损伤injuries of the chest血酒精浓度blood alcohol concentration，BAC血液坠积visceral hypostasis血肿hematoma蕈样泡沫mushroom-like frothY压擦痕friction bruise, pressure bruise压痕impression marks压迫胸腹部所致的窒息asphyxia due to overlay亚急性死亡subacute death烟晕smudging羊水栓塞amniotic fluid embolism咬伤bite mark医疗过失纠纷tangle from medical fault医疗纠纷medical tangle医疗事故medical negligence, medical malpractice 医疗意外medical accident医学检验人medical examiner医源性医疗纠纷iatrogenic medical tangle胰损伤injuries of the pancreas异位妊娠ectopic pregnancy抑制死death from inhibition意外死accidental death, death from accident缢沟furrow，groove缢颈后迟发性死亡delayed death after hanging缢死（吊死）death from hanging阴道损伤injuries of the vagina阴茎的创伤与离断wound and severing of the penis阴茎的折断fracture of the penis阴茎绞窄incarceration of the penis阴茎皮肤剥脱denudation of the penis阴茎损伤injuries of the penis阴茎脱位dislocation of the penis阴囊及睾丸损伤injuries of the scrotum and testis印痕样损伤patterned injury印痕状擦伤patterned abrasion婴幼儿猝死综合征sudden infant death syndrome，SIDS硬脑膜外热血肿extradural heat hematoma硬脑膜外血肿epidural hematoma硬脑膜下血肿subdural hematoma永久性创道permanent wound track瘀点性出血petechial hemorrhage原发性脑死亡primary brain death原发性心跳停止primary cardiac arrest远距离枪创distant gun-shot woundZ砸压伤tamp injury早产儿preterm infant早期死后变化early postmortem changes掌击伤injury by palm整体死亡somatic death支气管哮喘bronchial asthma肢体断离dismemberment致命伤deadly wounds致伤物的认定identification of the instrument causing the trauma 致伤物的推断estimation of the instrument causing the trauma窒息asphyxia窒息死asphyxial death中毒性窒息toxic asphyxia中间性脑挫伤inner cerebral trauma中间障碍物intermediate target中距离枪创medium-distance gun-shot wound蛛网膜下腔出血subarachnoid hemorrhage主动脉瓣狭窄subaortic stenosis主动脉窦动脉瘤aneurysm of aortic sinus主动脉夹层动脉瘤disecting aneurysm of aorta主动脉瘤aortic aneurysm主动脉粥样硬化性动脉瘤arteriosclerotic aneurysm of aorta抓痕claw marks, scratch, nail abrasion砖石伤injury by brick or stone撞痕impact abrasion, crushing abrasion撞击伤impact injury子宫损伤injuries of the uterus自家消化autodigestion自然死亡natural death自溶autolysis自杀suicide自杀死death from suicide, suicidal death自行车事故损伤bicycle accident injury足踢kicking组织间桥tissue bridge。

100个药学名词中英文对照

100个药学名词中英文对照1.Adverse effect-不良反应2.Analgesic-镇痛剂3.Antibiotic-抗生素4.Antidepressant-抗抑郁剂5.Antihistamine-抗组胺药6.Anti-inflammatory-抗炎药7.Antipyretic-退热药8.Apothecary-药剂师9.Aspirin-阿司匹林10.Biopharmaceuticals-生物制药11.Capsule-胶囊12.Carcinogen-致癌物13.Clinical trial-临床试验14.Contraindication-禁忌症15.Counterfeit-假冒伪劣的16.Cytotoxic-细胞毒性的17.Dosage-剂量18.Drug interaction-药物相互作用19.Efficacy-疗效20.Excipient-辅料21.FDA-美国食品药品监督管理局22.Generic drug-常规药品23.GMP-药品良好生产规范24.Herbal medicine-中草药25.Hormone-激素26.Iatrogenic-医源性的27.Immunosuppressant-免疫抑制剂28.In vitro-体外实验29.In vivo-体内实验30.Injection-注射剂31.Lethal dose-致死剂量32.Lot number-批号33.Mass spectrometry-质谱分析法34.Medicine-药物35.Narcotic-麻醉剂36.Nebulizer-雾化器37.Ointment-软膏38.Over-the-counter-非处方药39.Parenteral-无肠道给药的40.Pharmaceutical-制药的41.Pharmacodynamics-药效学42.Pharmacokinetics-药代动力学43.Pharmacology-药理学44.Pharmacotherapy-药物治疗学45.Placebo-安慰剂46.Poison-毒药47.Prescription-处方48.Prophylactic-预防性的49.Psychoactive-心理活性的50.Refill-续方51.Side effect-副作用52.Solubility-溶解度53.Solution-溶液54.Sterile-无菌的55.Sublingual-舌下的56.Synergy-协同作用57.Tablet-片剂58.Therapeutic-治疗上的59.Toxicology-毒理学60.Transdermal-经皮的61.Tuberculosis-结核病62.Vial-小瓶63.Anesthetic-麻醉剂64.Antianxiety-抗焦虑药65.Antiarrhythmic-抗心律失常药66.Anticoagulant-抗凝剂67.Anticonvulsant-抗癫痫药68.Antidiabetic-抗糖尿病药69.Antifungal-抗真菌药70.Antineoplastic-抗肿瘤药71.Antipsychotic-抗精神病药72.Antiretroviral-抗逆转录病毒药73.Antitussive-止咳药74.Antiviral-抗病毒药75.Beta blocker-贝塔受体阻滞剂76.Biologic-生物学的77.Blood thinner-血液稀释剂78.Bronchodilator-支气管扩张剂79.Chemotherapy-化疗80.Cholesterol-lowering-降低胆固醇的81.CYP450-细胞色素P45082.Depressant-镇静剂83.Diuretic-利尿剂84.Dose-response-剂量反应85.Enzyme inhibitor-酶抑制剂86.Expiration date-有效期87.Fat soluble-脂溶性的88.Gastrointestinal-胃肠的89.Half-life-半衰期90.Humectant-保湿剂91.Immunoglobulin-免疫球蛋白92.Inotropic-正性肌力药93.Intramuscular-肌肉注射的94.Intravenous-静脉注射的95.Lipid-脂质96.Liposome-脂质体97.Metabolism-新陈代谢98.Microbial-微生物的99.Molecule-分子100.Muscle relaxant-松弛肌肉的。

(完整版)物理名词(中英文对照)

Ⅰ、测量(measurement)物理学physics误差error游码rider测量measure (vt.)实验experiment温度temperature长度length实验室laboratory摄氏度degree centigrade单位unit面积area温度计thermometer千米kilometer平方米square meter体温计clinical thermometer米meter体积volume时间time分米decimeter立方米cubic meter小时hour厘米centimeter升Liter分钟minute毫米millimeter毫升Milliliter秒second微米micron质量mass毫秒millisecond纳米nanometer吨ton停表stop watch测量工具measuring tool千克kilogram力force刻度尺meter ruler克gram牛顿Newton最小刻度division value毫克milligram测力计dynamometer零刻度线zero graduation line天平balance弹簧秤spring balance测量范围measuring range砝码weightsⅡ、运动（simple motion）相对运动relative motion方向direction路程path静止rest直线运动rectilinear motion速度velocity参照物reference曲线运动curvilinear motion变速直线运动variable rectilinear motion 位置position匀速直线运动uniform rectilinear motion 平均速度average velocityⅢ、热（heat）分子molecules熔化melting液化liquefaction分子运动molecular motion熔点melting point升华sublimation扩散diffusion凝固solidification凝华condensation排斥力repulsive force凝固点solidifying point冰箱refrigerator吸引力attractive force晶体crystal热传递heat transfer物质substance非晶体noncrystal热传导heat conduction物体object吸收absorb(v.)热对流heat convection状态state放出release(v.)热辐射heat radiation固体solid汽化vaporization热量heat液体liquid蒸发evaporation比热（容）specific heat（capacity）气体gas沸腾boiling物态变化state transformation沸点boiling pointⅠⅠ、光（light）光源light source入射角incident angle焦距focal length光的直线传播rectilinear propagationof light 反射角reflection angle会聚converge(v.)小孔成像image byping hole镜面反射mirror reflection发散diverge(v.)日食solar eclipse漫反射diffuse reflection光屏（屏幕）screen月食lunar eclipse平面镜plane mirror照相机camera光速velocity of light潜望镜periscope幻灯机slide projector真空vacuum蜡烛candle电影放映机film projector空气air光的折射refractionof light放大镜magnifier玻璃glass折射光线refracted ray倒立的inverted水water折射角refraction angle正立的erected均匀介质well-distributed medium透镜lens缩小的reduced光的反射reflectionof light凸透镜convex lens放大的amplified反射定律reflection law凹透镜concave lens实像real image入射光线incident ray（主）光轴principal optical axis虚像virtual image反射光线reflected ray光心optical centerof lens海市蜃楼mirage法线normal焦点focus光的色散dispersion of lightⅤ、磁（magnetism）磁体agnet小磁针magneticneedle磁场magnetic field天然磁体natural magnet磁极magnetic pole地磁场geomagnetic field人造磁体man-made magnet南极north pole电流的磁场magnetic field of electric current 条形磁铁bar magnet北极South pole磁感线magnetic induction line蹄形磁铁horseshoe magnet磁化magnetization电磁铁electromagnet三、声音（sound）振动vibrate声波wave of sound振幅amplitude介质medium音调pitch噪音noise传播travel响度loudness乐音voice声速velocity of sound音色musical quality分贝decibel（dB）回声echo频率frequency四、力（force）重力ravity惯性inertia动力motive force重心center of gravity平衡equilibrium阻力resistance摩擦力friction force压强pressure动力臂power arm滑动摩擦sliding friction帕斯卡ascal(Pa)阻力臂resisting arm滚动摩擦rolling friction液体压强hydraulicpressure作用线action-line静摩擦static friction大气压强atmosphericof pressure滑轮pulley压力pressure force标准大气压standardatmospherepressure 定滑轮fixed pulley浮力buoyancy force气压计barometer动滑轮movable pulley力的图示force diagram托里拆利Torricelli滑轮组pulley block力的大小magnitude of force阿基米德原理Archimedes principle功work力的方向direction of force密度density功率power力的作用点acting point of force 潜水艇submarine机械效率mechanical efficiency合力resultant force热气球fire balloon有用功useful work分力omponent force飞艇airship额外功extra wok力的合成composition of forces简单机械simple mechanics总功total work形变deformation杠杆lever斜面inclined plane牛顿第一定律Newton’s First Law 支点pivot五、电（electricity）电荷electric charge正极positive plate电压voltage带电体charged body负极negative plate伏特Volt摩擦起电electrificationby friction 电路electric circuit伏特计voltmeter正电荷positive charge通路closed circuit电阻resistance负电荷negative charge开路open circuit欧姆Ohm导体conductor短路short circuit变阻器rheostat绝缘体insulator电路图ircuit map滑动变阻器slide wire rheostat半导体semiconductor串联series connection欧姆定律Oh m’s law电源power source并联parallel connection电功electric work导线wire电量electric quantity电功率electric power 电键key(switch)电流electric current 额定电压rated voltage 干电池dry cell安培Ampere额定电功率rated power 蓄电池torage plate安培计ammeter。

英语语法术语中英文对照

英语语法术语中英文对照词性parｔｏfspeecｈ1.名词ｎouｎ1)专有名词proｐernoun2)普通名词coｍmonnｏun3)可数名词coｕｎtabｌenouｎ4)不可数名词uｎｃountaｂｌenoun5)抽象名词abstrａｃtnoun6)具体名词cｏnｃretenｏun7)物质名词mａtｅrｉalnoｕn8)集体名词coｌlectiｖenoun9)个体名词inｄiviｄuaｌnoｕｎ2.动词veｒb1)及物动词tranｓｉtivｅverb2)不及物动词ｉnｔrａnsｉtiveverb3)限定动词finiｔevｅrｂｆｏrm4)非限定动词non-finiｔevｅrbｆorm5)主动词maiｎverb6)系动词liｎkverb7)助动词auxiliaryveｒb8)情态动词ｍoｄalｖｅrｂ9)规则动词regularverb10)不规则动词ｉrreguｌａrveｒb11)短语动词phrasalｖerb12)限定动词fiｎiｔｅverb13)非限定动词iｎfinitｅveｒｂ14)使役动词cauｓａtｉvｅverｂ15)感官动词vｅrboｆseｎses16)动态动词eveｎｔveｒｂ17)静态动词ｓtageveｒｂ3.形容词adjeｃtｉve4.副词ａdｖerb1)方式副词adｖerbｏfmanner2)程度副词ａdｖeｒｂoｆdegrｅe3)时间副词adverboｆｔｉｍe4)地点副词adｖeｒｂoｆpｌａce5)修饰性副词ａdｊuｎｃt6)连接性副词coｎjunct7)疑问副词ｉnterｒogａtｉvｅadｖerｂ8)关系副词reｌativeadverb5.代词pronouｎ1)人称代词peｒｓoｎaｌpronoun2)物主代词posｓｅssivｅｐｒonoｕn3)名词性物主代词ｎomｉｎalpossｅssiｖepronｏuｎ4)形容词性物主代词adjectiｖａｌpossｅssivepronoun5)反身代词reｆｌexiｖeｐroｎｏuｎ6)指示代词dｅmonsｔraｔivｅpronoun7)疑问代词intｅrrｏgａtivepronoｕn8)关系代词ｒelaｔiｖepronoun9)不定代词ｉｎdefiｎitepronoun6.冠词arｔicle1)定冠词defiｎiｔeaｒticｌe2)不定冠词iｎdefinitｅａrtｉcｌe7.数词numeｒal1)基数词cａｒｄiｎａｌnｕmerａｌ2)序数词orｄｉｎａｌnuｍeral8.介词ｐｒepositiｏn9.连词ｃonjuｎｃｔion10.感叹词ｅｘclaｍａtion 一、数/格/性number／caｓe/gｅnder1.数ｎｕmbｅr1)单数形式singularform2)复数形式plｕrａlfoｒm3)规则形式rｅgularfｏrｍ4)不规则形式irregulaｒfoｒｍ2.格case1)普通格moｎcase2)所有格possessivecaｓe3)主格ｎｏminａｔｉｖecａsｅ4)宾格objectivecasｅ3.性gender1)阴性femｉnｉnｅ2)阳性ｍasculｉne3)中性nｅｕｔer4)通性mon4.人称persoｎ1)第一人称firｓtpｅrsｏn2)第二人称secoｎdpersoｎ3)第三人称tｈｉrdpersｏn二、句子成分membe ｒｓofｓentｅｎces1.主语subｊect2.谓语ｐｒedｉcate3.表语predicatｉvｅ4.宾语objecｔ1)双宾语dualoｂject2)直接宾语dir ｅctobｊect3)间接宾语indｉreｃtoｂｊect4)复合宾语ｃomｐlexobject5)同源宾语coｇnateｏbｊect5.定语aｔtribuｔe6.状语adｖerbial7.同位语ａpposｉtivｅ8.补语coｍpｌｅｍｅｎt1)主语补足语suｂjectcｏmｐleｍent2)宾语补足语objectplｅment三、句子sentence(基本句型basicseｎtencepａttern)1.简单句ｓimpｌesｅnｔｅｎｃｅ2.并列句cｏmpoｕndｓentence3.复合句ｐｌexseｎtenｃe4.并列复合句cｏmpoundcoｍplexsentｅnｃe5.陈述句declａrativeｓeｎｔenｃe6.存在句eｘistentialｓentence7.疑问句ｉｎtｅrrogａtivｅsentencｅ1)一般疑问句genｅralｑuesｔｉon2)特殊疑问句sｐｅｃｉａlｑuｅsｔion3)选择疑问句alternatiｖequesｔioｎ4)反义疑问句diｓjuｎcｔivequestiｏn5)附加疑问句taｇquｅｓtｉon6)修辞疑问句ｒhetoriｃalquestion7)感叹疑问句ｅxclamatｏrｙqueｓtｉon8.肯定句ｐoｓitivｅsent ｅnce9.否定句neｇaｔiｖeｓｅntenｃe10.祈使句imperａtiｖesｅｎｔｅnｃe11.省略句ellipｔｉcalsentence12.感叹句exclamａtｏryｓｅntenｃe四、语气/语态/语序mood/vｏice/order1.语气ｍooｄ1)陈述语气iｎdicａtivｅm ｏod2)祈使语气imｐerativeｍｏoｄ3)虚拟语气sｕbjuncｔｉvｅmood2.语态v ｏｉｃｅ1)主动语态acｔivevoice2)被动语态passｉvevoｉce3.否定negation1)否定范围ｓｃｏｐeｏfnegatｉon2)全部否定ｆulｌnｅgａtioｎ3)局部否定partｉａlnｅｇatiｏn4)转移否定shiftofｎegatioｎ4.语序orｄer1)自然语序ｎaｔuｒalordeｒ2)倒装语序ｉnverｓiｏni.全部倒装fullinvｅrs ｉoｎii.部分倒装pａrｔialinｖersion3)直接引语directｓpeech4)间接引语iｎdirectspeech5)自由直接引语freeｄｉｒectspｅｅch6)自由间接引语fｒeeinｄｉrectｓpeecｈ5.一致agreemｅnｔ1)主谓一致suｂjｅｃt-pｒedicaｔeagreement2)语法一致ｇrammatｉｃalagrｅeｍeｎt3)概念一致ｎotionalagreeｍｅnt4)就近原则prinｃiplｅoｆpｒoｘiｍity5)强调eｍｐｈａsｉs6)重复repetition6.语音proｎunｃiａtioｎ1)语调tone2)声调risin ｇtｏne3)降调faｌlinｇｔonｅ4)升降调ｆａllinｇ—risingtone7.文本style1)正式文本foｒmaｌ2)非正式文本iｎｆｏｒmal3)口语sｐoken/ｏralE ｎgｌｉsｈ4)套语fｏrmulｉsticexpｒｅssｉｏn5)英国英语BritｉshEｎgｌish6)美国英语ＡmｅricanEnglish8.用法usagｅ1)感情色彩ｅmoｔiｏnalcoｌoｒing2)褒义ｃommｅnｄaｔorｙ3)贬义dｅrｏｇatory4)幽默huｍoｒous5)讽刺saｒcａstｉc6)挖苦irｏnｉｃ7)词性partofspｅeｃh8)语法ｇｒammａｒ9)句法synｔax10)词法morph ｏloｇy11)结构stｒuｃｔure12)层次raｎk13)句子ｓenteｎce14)从句clａｕse15)词组phrase9.词类partofspeｅｃｈ1)单词wｏrd2)实词notioｎａlwｏrd3)虚词stｒucｔｕｒalworｄ4)单纯词ｓｉmpｌeworｄ5)派生词derｉvativ ｅ6)复合词ｐｏund10.句法关系syntactiｃrelatiｏnship1)并列cｏorｄina ｔe2)从属sｕbordinａtioｎ3)修饰ｍoｄifiｃａtiｏｎ4)前置修饰pre—moｄifｉｃation5)后置修饰pｏst－ｍodifｉcation6)限制restricｔion7)双重限制douｂle—restriction8)非限制noｎ—ｒｅｓtrｉcｔion五、从句clａuse1.从属句ｓｕｂordｉnatecｌａｕsｅ2.并列句cｏｏrdｉnateclause3.名词性从句nomiｎaｌclause1)主语从句sｕbｊectclaｕse2)表语从句ｐredicatｉveclauｓe3)宾语从句oｂjecｔclaｕse4)同位语从句aｐpositivｅclause4.定语从句attribuｔiｖeclaｕｓe5.宾语从句objectｃlａuse6.主语从句suｂｊectcｌause7.同位语从句appositｉveclause8.状语从句adveｒbialcｌaｕse1)时间状语从句adｖerbialclaｕseｏftiｍｅ2)地点状语从句adｖerbiａlｃｌauseoｆplaｃe3)方式状语从句ａｄｖerbｉａlclaｕseofmanner4)让步状语从句ａｄverbiaｌclauｓeofcｏncesｓiｏn5)原因状语从句adverbiaｌｃlａｕseoｆcauｓe6)结果状语从句adverbiａｌｃlａuｓeｏfresｕlt7)目得状语从句ａdｖｅrｂialclausｅofpuｒpose8)条件状语从句aｄvｅｒbiａｌclauseｏfcondｉtiｏｎi.真实条件状语从句ａdverｂiａｌclaｕｓｅofrealcｏnｄｉtionii.非真实条件状语从句ａdverbiａlclaｕsｅofuｎrealcｏnditｉoｎiii.含蓄条件句advｅrbiaｌｃlaｕseofimｐliedcondｉtｉｏniv.错综条件句adverbiａｌcｌａuseofmixeｄconditｉon9)比较状语从句aｄverbiaｌｃｌaｕsｅｏｆcｏmpaｒisｏｎ六、时态tense1.现在时prｅsｅnｔtｅnｓｅ1)一般现在时presenｔsimpletense2)现在进行时prｅsenｔcｏntinuousｔenｓe3)现在完成时presentpｅrｆectteｎｓｅ4)现在完成进行时pｒｅｓｅntpｅrｆeｃtcｏntinuoustense2.过去时pasttense1)一般过去时pastｓimpleｔenｓｅ2)过去进行时pａstcontｉｎuousｔense3)过去完成时ｐasｔｐeｒfecttｅnsｅ4)过去完成进行时ｐastperfｅcｔｃｏｎtinuousｔeｎsｅ3.将来时futｕreｔen ｓe1)一般将来时ｆutｕresimpｌetenｓe2)将来进行时futｕreｃoｎtinｕousｔense3)将来完成时futｕrepｅｒfｅcｔｔeｎse4)将来完成进行时fｕtｕrｅperfectcｏntinuousteｎse4.其她1)一般过去将来时pastfutｕreｔeｎse2)过去将来进行时pasｔfｕturecontｉnuoｕｓtｅnｓe3)过去将来完成时pasｔf ｕtureperｆecｔｔenｓe4)过去将来完成进行时paｓtｆutｕrepeｒfectcoｎｔiｎuoustenｓe。

英语语法术语中英文对照

词性part of speech1.名词noun1)专有名词proper noun2)普通名词common noun3)可数名词countable noun4)不可数名词uncountable noun5)抽象名词abstract noun6)具体名词concrete noun7)物质名词material noun8)集体名词collective noun9)个体名词individual noun2.动词verb1)及物动词transitive verb2)不及物动词intransitive verb3)限定动词finite verb form4)非限定动词non-finite verb form5)主动词main verb6)系动词link verb7)助动词auxiliary verb8)情态动词modal verb9)规则动词regular verb10)不规则动词irregular verb11)短语动词phrasal verb12)限定动词finite verb13)非限定动词infinite verb14)使役动词causative verb15)感官动词verb of senses16)动态动词event verb17)静态动词stage verb3.形容词adjective4.副词adverb1)方式副词adverb of manner2)程度副词adverb of degree3)时间副词adverb of time4)地点副词adverb of place5)修饰性副词adjunct6)连接性副词conjunct7)疑问副词interrogative adverb8)关系副词relative adverb5.代词pronoun1)人称代词personal pronoun2)物主代词possessive pronoun3)名词性物主代词nominal possessivepronoun4)形容词性物主代词adjectival possessivepronoun5)反身代词reflexive pronoun6)指示代词demonstrative pronoun7)疑问代词interrogative pronoun8)关系代词relative pronoun9)不定代词indefinite pronoun6.冠词article1)定冠词definite article2)不定冠词indefinite article7.数词numeral1)基数词cardinal numeral2)序数词ordinal numeral8.介词preposition9.连词conjunction10.感叹词exclamation一、数/格/性number/case/gender1.数number1)单数形式singular form2)复数形式plural form3)规则形式regular form4)不规则形式irregular form 2.格case1)普通格common case2)所有格possessive case3)主格nominative case4)宾格objective case 3.性gender1)阴性feminine2)阳性masculine3)中性neuter4)通性common4.人称person1)第一人称first person2)第二人称second person3)第三人称third person二、句子成分members of sentences1.主语subject2.谓语predicate3.表语predicative4.宾语object1)双宾语dual object2)直接宾语direct object3)间接宾语indirect object4)复合宾语complex object5)同源宾语cognate object 5.定语attribute6.状语adverbial7.同位语appositive8.补语complement1)主语补足语subject complement2)宾语补足语object complement三、句子sentence （基本句型basic sentence pattern）1.简单句simple sentence2.并列句compound sentence3.复合句complex sentence4.并列复合句compound complexsentence5.陈述句declarative sentence6.存在句existential sentence7.疑问句interrogative sentence1)一般疑问句general question2)特殊疑问句special question 3)选择疑问句alternative question4)反义疑问句disjunctive question5)附加疑问句tag question6)修辞疑问句rhetorical question7)感叹疑问句exclamatory question8.肯定句positive sentence9.否定句negative sentence10.祈使句imperative sentence11.省略句elliptical sentence12.感叹句exclamatory sentence四、语气/语态/语序mood/voice/order1.语气mood1)陈述语气indicative mood2)祈使语气imperative mood3)虚拟语气subjunctive mood2.语态voice1)主动语态active voice2)被动语态passive voice3.否定negation1)否定范围scope of negation2)全部否定full negation3)局部否定partial negation4)转移否定shift of negation4.语序order1)自然语序natural order2)倒装语序inversioni.全部倒装full inversionii.部分倒装partial inversion3)直接引语direct speech4)间接引语indirect speech5)自由直接引语free direct speech6)自由间接引语free indirect speech 5.一致agreement1)主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 2)语法一致grammatical agreement3)概念一致notional agreement4)就近原则principle of proximity5)强调emphasis6)重复repetition6.语音pronunciation1)语调tone2)声调rising tone3)降调falling tone4)升降调falling-rising tone7.文本style1)正式文本formal2)非正式文本informal3)口语spoken/oral English4)套语formulistic expression5)英国英语British English6)美国英语American English8.用法usage1)感情色彩emotional coloring2)褒义commendatory3)贬义derogatory4)幽默humorous5)讽刺sarcastic6)挖苦ironic7)词性part of speech8)语法grammar9)句法syntax10)词法morphology11)结构structure12)层次rank13)句子sentence14)从句clause15)词组phrase9.词类part of speech1)单词word2)实词notional word 3)虚词structural word4)单纯词simple word5)派生词derivative6)复合词compound10.句法关系syntactic relationship1)并列coordinate2)从属subordination3)修饰modification4)前置修饰pre-modification5)后置修饰post-modification6)限制restriction7)双重限制double-restriction8)非限制non-restriction五、从句clause1.从属句subordinate clause2.并列句coordinate clause3.名词性从句nominal clause1)主语从句subject clause2)表语从句predicative clause3)宾语从句object clause4)同位语从句appositive clause4.定语从句attributive clause5.宾语从句object clause6.主语从句subject clause7.同位语从句appositive clause8.状语从句adverbial clause1)时间状语从句adverbial clause of time2)地点状语从句adverbial clause of place3)方式状语从句adverbial clause ofmanner4)让步状语从句adverbial clause ofconcession5)原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause6)结果状语从句adverbial clause of result7)目的状语从句adverbial clause ofpurpose8)条件状语从句adverbial clause ofconditioni.真实条件状语从句adverbialclause of real conditionii.非真实条件状语从句adverbialclause of unreal conditioniii.含蓄条件句adverbial clause ofimplied conditioniv.错综条件句adverbial clause ofmixed condition9)比较状语从句adverbial clause ofcomparison六、时态tense1.现在时present tense1)一般现在时present simple tense2)现在进行时present continuous tense3)现在完成时present perfect tense4)现在完成进行时present perfectcontinuous tense2.过去时past tense1)一般过去时past simple tense2)过去进行时past continuous tense3)过去完成时past perfect tense 4)过去完成进行时past perfect continuoustense3.将来时future tense1)一般将来时future simple tense2)将来进行时future continuous tense3)将来完成时future perfect tense4)将来完成进行时future perfectcontinuous tense4.其他1)一般过去将来时past future tense2)过去将来进行时past future continuoustense3)过去将来完成时past future perfecttense4)过去将来完成进行时past future perfectcontinuous tense。

初中数学名词中英文对照(供参考)

文档来源为:从网络收集整理.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.初中数学英语名词positive['pɑzətɪv]number正数negative ['nɛgətɪv] number 负数rational ['ræʃən!] number 有理数number axis ['æksɪs]数轴origin ['ɔrədʒɪn]原点opposite ['ɑpəzɪt] number 相反数absolute ['ɑpəzɪt] value ['vælju]绝对值power ['pauɚ]乘方，幂base number底数exponent[ɪk'sponənt]指数approximate [ə'prɑksəmɪt] number近似数significant [sɪg'nɪfəkənt] digit 有效数字monomial [mə'nomɪəl]单项式coefficient [,koɪ'fɪʃənt]系数degree of a monomial 单项式的次数polynomial [,pɑlɪ'nomɪəl]多项式term [tɝm]项constant ['kɑnstənt] term 常数项degree of a polynomial [,pɑlɪ'nomɪəl]多项式次数equation ['kɑnstənt]方程integral ['ɪntəgrəl] expression [ɪk'sprɛʃən]整式solution [sə'luʃən]解linear ['lɪnɪɚ] equation [ɪ'kweʃən] with one unknown 一元一次方程net 展开图geometric [dʒɪə'mɛtrɪk]figure ['fɪgjɚ]几何图形solid ['sɑlɪd] figure ['fɪgjɚ]立体图形plane figure ['kɑnstənt]平面图形solid ['sɑlɪd]体line 线surface['sɝfɪs]面point 点intersection [,ɪntɚ'sɛkʃən]相交point of intersection 焦点center 中点angle['æŋg!]角distance 距离angular['æŋgjəlɚ] dissector 角平分线complementary [,kɑmplə'mɛntərɪ] angle 余角degree 度supplementary [,sʌplə'mɛntəri] angle 补角congruent ['kɑŋgruənt] figures 全等形symmetric[sɪ'mɛtrɪk] figure 轴对称图形congruent triangles ['traɪ,æŋg!]全等三角形axis of symmetry ['sɪmɪtrɪ]对称轴symmetric points对称点radicand['rædə,kænd]被开方数perpendicular [,pɝpən'dɪkjəlɚ] bisector[baɪ'sɛktɚ]垂直平分线graph[græf]图象isosceles [aɪ'sɑs!,iz] triangle等腰三角形variable['vɛrɪəb!]变量equilateral [,ikwɪ'lætərəl] triangle 等边三角形constant['kɑnstənt]常量arithmetic [ə'rɪθmətɪk] square [skwɛr] root算术平方根real number实数square root平方根/二次方根extraction [ɪk'strækʃən] of square root开平方cube [kjub] root 立方根/三次方根extraction of cube root 开立方radical ['rædɪk!] exponent [ɪk'sponənt]根指数irrational [ɪ'ræʃən!] number无理数function['fʌŋkʃən]函数independent [,ɪndɪ'pɛndənt] variable自变量proportional [prə'porʃən!] function 正比例函数linear ['lɪnɪɚ] function 一次函数formula ['fɔrmjələ] for the difference of squares平方差公式factoring ['fæktɚ]因式分解formula for the square of the sum 完全平方公式common ['kɑmən] factor ['fæktɚ]公因式adjacent [ə'dʒesənt] angles on a straight [stret] line 邻补角vertical ['vɝtɪk!]angles 对顶角perpendicular [,pɝpən'dɪkjəlɚ]垂直corresponding [,kɔrɪ'spɑndɪŋ] angles 同位角perpendicular line 垂线alternate ['ɔltɚnɪt] interior [ɪn'tɪrɪɚ] angles 内错角foot of a perpendicular 垂足interior angles on the same side 同旁内角parallel ['pærə,lɛl]平行proposition [,prɑpə'zɪʃən]命题theorem['θiərəm]定理translation [træns'leʃən]平移ordered pair 有序数对rectangular [rɛk'tæŋgjəlɚ] coordinate [ko'ɔrdnet] system ['sɪstəm]平面直角坐标系x-axis ['æksɪs] x轴y-axis y轴coordinate 座标quadrant ['kwɑdrənt]象限triangle 三角形altitude ['æltə,tjud]高median ['midɪən]中线bisector [baɪ'sɛktɚ] of angle 角平分线polygon ['pɑlɪ,gɑn]多边形diagonal [daɪ'ægən!]对角线regular ['rɛgjəlɚ] polygon 正多边形linear equation of two unknown 二元一次方程system of linear equation of two unknown 二元一次方程组bar graph 条形图substitution [,sʌbstə'tjuʃən] method ['mɛθəd]代入法inequality [ɪnɪ'kwɑlətɪ]不等式addition [ə'dɪʃən] - substitution method加减法solution [sə'luʃən] set 解集linear equality [i'kwɑlətɪ] of one unknown二元一次不等式statistic [stə'tɪstɪk]统计学system of linear equality of one unknown二元一次不等式组pie chart [tʃɑrt]扇形图sampling ['sæmplɪŋ] survey 抽样调查histogram ['hɪstə,græm]直方图population [,pɑpjə'leʃən]总体individual [,ɪndə'vɪdʒuəl]个体sample ['sæmp!]样本sample size [saɪz]样本容量simple random ['rændəm] sampling ['sæmplɪŋ]简单随机抽样frequency ['frikwənsɪ] distribution [,dɪstrə'bjuʃən]频数分布fraction in lowest terms 最简分数reduction [rɪ'dʌkʃən] of a fraction 约分changing factions to a common denominator [dɪ'nɑmə,netɚ]通分fractional equation 分式方程fraction ['frækʃən]分式inverse [ɪn'vɝs] proportional [prə'porʃən!] function ['fʌŋkʃən]反比例函数hyperbola [haɪ'pɝbələ]双曲线parallelogram [,pærə'lɛlə,græm]平行四边形rectangle [rɛk'tæŋg!]矩形rhombus ['rɑmbəs]菱形square [skwɛr]正方形trapezium [trə'pizɪəm]梯形isosceles [aɪ'sɑs!,iz] trapezium 等腰梯形barycenter 重心weighted ['wetɪd] average ['ævərɪdʒ]加权平均数weight 全median ['midɪən]中位数mode [mod]众数range [rendʒ]极差variance ['vɛrɪəns]方差quadratic [kwɑd'rætɪk function 二次函数similar figures ['fɪgjɚ]相似图形similar polygons ['pɑlɪ,gɑn z]相似多边形proportional segments ['sɛgmənt]比例函数homothetic figures 位似图形sine [saɪn]正弦（sin）cosine ['kosaɪn]余弦（cos）tangent ['tændʒənt]正切（tan）trigonometric [,trɪgənə'mɛtrɪk] function of acute angle 锐角三角形projection [prə'dʒɛkʃən]投影parallel ['pærə,lɛl] projection 平行投影center projection 中心投影view [vju]视图algebraic [,ældʒə'breɪk] expression 代数式rotation [ro'teʃən]旋转quadratic [kwɑd'rætɪk] equation in one unknow一元二次方程root 根centeral symmetry ['sɪmɪtrɪ] figure中心对称circle ['sɝk!]圆center of a circle 圆心radius['redɪəs]半径chord [kɔrd]弦diameter [daɪ'æmətɚ]直径arc [ɑrk]弧semi ['sɛmɪ] -circle 半圆centeral angle 圆心角angle in a circular segment ['sɛgmənt]圆周角circumcircle 外接圆circumcenter 外心tangent ['tændʒənt] line切线inscribed circle 内切圆incenter 内心random ['rændəm] event [ɪ'vɛnt]随机事件proability概率tree diagram ['daɪə,græm]树形图数学mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE) 公理axiom 定理theorem计算calculation 运算operation 证明prove 假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)命题proposition 算术arithmetic 加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数augend, summand 加数addend 和sum减minus(prep.),subtract(v.), subtraction(n.) 被减数minuend 减数subtrahend 差remainder 乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)被乘数multiplicand, faciend 乘数multiplicator 积product除divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.) 被除数dividend除数divisor 商quotient 等于equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于is greater than 小于is lesser than 大于等于is equal or greater than小于等于is equal or lesser than 运算符operator平均数mean 算术平均数arithmatic mean几何平均数geometric mean n个数之积的n次方根倒数（reciprocal）x的倒数为1/x 有理数rational number无理数irrational number 实数real number虚数imaginary number 数字digit数number 自然数natural number 整数integer小数decimal 小数点decimal point 分数fraction分子numerator 分母denominator 比ratio正positive 负negative 零null, zero, nought, nil十进制decimal system 二进制binary system 十六进制hexadecimal system 权weight, significance 进位carry 截尾truncation 四舍五入round 下舍入round down 上舍入round up 有效数字significant digit无效数字insignificant digit 代数algebra 公式formula, formulae(pl.)单项式monomial 多项式polynomial, multinomial 系数coefficient未知数unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式，方程式equation一次方程simple equation 二次方程quadratic equation三次方程cubic equation 四次方程quartic equation不等式inequation 阶乘factorial对数logarithm 指数，幂exponent 乘方power二次方，平方square 三次方，立方cube四次方the power of four, the fourth powern次方the power of n, the nth power开方evolution, extraction 二次方根，平方根square root三次方根，立方根cube root 四次方根the root of four, the fourth root n次方根the root of n, the nth root sqrt(2)=1.414sqrt(3)=1.732 sqrt(5)=2.236 常量constant 变量variable坐标系coordinates 坐标轴x-axis, y-axis, z-axis 横坐标x-coordinate 纵坐标y-coordinate 原点origin 象限quadrant截距(有正负之分)intercede （方程的）解solution几何geometry 点point 线line 面plane 体solid线段segment 射线radial 平行parallel 相交intersect角angle 角度degree 弧度radian锐角acute angle 直角right angle 钝角obtuse angle平角straight angle 周角perigon 底base边side 高height 三角形triangle 锐角三角形acute triangle直角三角形right triangle 直角边leg 斜边hypotenuse勾股定理Pythagorean theorem 钝角三角形obtuse triangle不等边三角形scalene triangle 等腰三角形isosceles triangle等边三角形equilateral triangle 四边形quadrilateral平行四边形parallelogram 矩形rectangle长length 宽width 周长perimeter 面积area相似similar 全等congruent 三角trigonometry 正弦sine 余弦cosine 正切tangent 余切cotangent正割secant 余割cosecant 反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent反余切arc cotangent反正割arc secant反余割arc cosecant子集subset补充：集合aggregate元素element交集intersection并集union空集void补集complement映射mapping函数function定义域domain, field of definition值域range单调性monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity图象image数列，级数series微积分calculus微分differential导数derivative极限limit无穷大infinite(a.) infinity(n.) 无穷小infinitesimal积分integral定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral复数complex number矩阵matrix行列式determinant圆circle圆心centre(BrE), center(AmE) 半径radius直径diameter圆周率pi弧arc半圆semicircle扇形sector环ring椭圆ellipse圆周circumference轨迹locus, loca(pl.)多面体polyhedron旋转rotation轴axis球sphere半球hemisphere底面undersurface表面积surface area体积volume空间space双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola正方形square梯形trapezoid直角梯形right trapezoid等腰梯形isosceles trapezoid多边形polygon正多边形equilateral polygon相位phase周期period统计statistics平均数average加权平均数weighted average方差variance标准差root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation 比例propotion百分比percent百分点percentage百分位数percentile排列permutation组合combination概率，或然率probability分布distribution正态分布normal distribution非正态分布abnormal distribution 图表graph条形统计图bar graph柱形统计图histogram折线统计图broken line graph曲线统计图curve diagram扇形统计图pie diagram。

专业名词中英文对照

Basic movement 基础运动Flexion 屈曲Extension 伸直Adduction 内收Abduction 外展External/internal rotation 外旋、内旋Dorsiflexion 背屈Plantar flexion 跖屈Eversion 外翻Inversion 内翻Protraction 前伸Retraction 后缩Elevation 上提Depression 下压Anterior/posterior pelvic tilt （APT/ PPT）前倾、后倾sagittal plane 矢状面coronal/frontal plane 冠状面、额状面horizontal plane 水平面External/Lateral rotation 外旋Internal/Medial rotation 内旋Lateral shift 侧移Lateral gliding 侧滑Supination 旋后pronation 旋前骨骼Cervical vertebrae 颈椎Thoracic vertebra 胸椎lumbar vertebra 腰椎sacrum 骶骨coccyx 尾骨the atlas 寰椎the axis 枢椎transverse foramen 横突孔vertebral foramen 锥孔spinous process 棘突occipital bone 枕骨Dens 齿突atlantooccipital joint 寰枕关节atlantoaxial joint 寰枢关节costal arch 肋弓clavicle 锁骨xiphoid process 剑突sternoclavicular joint 胸锁关节sternocostal joint 胸肋关节hip 髋spine of scapula 肩胛冈iliac crest 髂嵴ligament flava 黄韧带anterior longitudinal lig. 前纵韧带posterior longitudinal lig. 后纵韧带intervertebral disc 椎间盘nucleus pulposus 髓核annulus fiberous 纤维环Core muscles 核心肌群thoracolumbar fascia 胸腰筋膜Coupled movement 耦合动作肌肉Trapezius 斜方肌Scalenus 斜角肌Long capitis 头长肌Long colli 颈长肌Sternocleidomastoid 胸锁乳突肌Teres minor 小圆肌Teres major 大圆肌Rhomboideus major 大菱形肌Rhomboideus minor 小菱形肌Latissimus dorsi 背阔肌Obliquus externus abdominis 腹外斜肌Obliquus internus abdominis 腹内斜肌Gluteus maximus 臀大肌Levator scapular 肩胛提肌Serratus anterior 前锯肌Supraspinatus 冈上肌Infraspinatus 冈下肌Spinalis 棘肌Longissimus 最长肌Quadratus lumborum 腰方肌Multifidi 多裂肌Rectus abdominis 腹直肌Transversus abdominis 腹横肌Psoas major 腰大肌Psoas minor 腰小肌Diaphragm 膈肌pelvic floor muscle 盆底肌rectus femoris 股直肌iliotibial tract 髂胫束Sartorius 缝匠肌Iliopsoas 髂腰肌Hamstring 腘绳肌Piriformis 梨状肌Rectus femoris 股直肌Tensor fosica latae 阔筋膜张肌疾病Kyphosis 驼背Lordosis 脊柱前凸Flat back 平背Relaxed posture 懒人姿势lumbar disc herniation 腰椎间盘突出lumbar spondylolisthesis 腰椎滑脱Scoliosis 脊柱侧弯Forward head 头前伸Sway back 摇摆背Piriformis Syndrome 梨状肌综合征spinal canal stenosis 椎管狭窄disc degeneration 椎间盘退行性病变Vertebral hyperplasia 椎体增生Segmental intervertebral instability 椎间失稳Osteoporosis 骨质疏松Kissing lumbar spinal process 棘突碰撞Centralization 症状向心化Peripheralization 症状周围化Referred pain 牵涉痛Straight leg raising 直腿抬高Facet sprain 小关节面扭伤Neurogenic claudication 神经性跛行Non specific back pain 非特异性腰痛Muscle pain syndrome 肌肉疼痛症候群Myelopathy 脊髓病变Radiculopathy 神经根病变Cauda equine syndrome 马尾综合症Severity 严重程度Irritability 发炎程度。