英语II(1)动名词与不定式复习练习

英语II（1）动名词和不定式综合复习练习深圳电大苏曼华非限定动词又称非谓语动词，即在句中不能单独作谓语，不受主语的人称和数的限制。

非谓语动词有三种，即不定式、动名词和分词。

开放英语3要求掌握不定式和动名词。

一、不定式动词不定式又称动词原形，指不受人称、数、时态限定的动词形式，也就是词典里通常列出的形式，前面一般有小品词to，但也有时不带to。

不定式具有名词、形容词或副词的某些语法功能。

二、动名词动名词也是非限定动词的一种形式。

它既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征，故称动名词。

1．动名词多表示抽象一般的概念或行为，而不定式多表示具体的或特定的行为，特别是将来的行为。

有时两者都可以用，没有多大的区别。

例如：To see is to believe. 眼见为实。

Seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见。

I like reading novels but I don’t like to read this novel. 我喜欢看小说，但我不喜欢看这本小说。

（前者是抽象一般的行为，后者是具体的行为。

）I prefer going by bike. But this time I prefer to walk there. 我比较喜欢骑车去。

但这次我想走着去。

（前者是抽象一般的行为，后者是具体的行为。

）2．既能带不定式作宾语又能带动名词作宾语但意义不同的动词1）在动词forget, remember, regret等之后，用动名词作宾语时，表示动作发生在动词本身之前；用不定式作宾语时，则表示动作发生在动词本身之后。

试比较：forget doing something 忘记曾做过某事forget to do something 忘记要做某事remember doing something 记得曾做过某事remember to do something 记得要去做某事或别忘了去做某事regret doing something 因做过某事感到后悔、不安regret to do something 因要做某事感到不安。

I’ll never forget meeting you for the first time. 我永远也忘不了第一次和你见面的情景。

I have forgotten to bring my umbrella. 我忘记带雨伞了。

I remember seeing you somewhere in Beijing. 我记得在北京的什么地方见过你。

You must remember to write us when you get there. 你一定要记得到达那儿时给我们写信。

They regretted ordering these books from abroad. 他们后悔从国外订购了这些书。

We regret to tell you that we won’t be able to attend the meeting. 我们很遗憾地告诉你我们无法出席会议。

2）在动词stop, leave off, go on等之后，通常用动名词作宾语，用动词不定式则表示目的状语。

试比较：stop doing停止做某事，stop to do停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事leave off doing停止做某事，leave off to do停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事go on doing继续做原来做的事，go on to do做了一件事后，接着做另一件事Has it stopped raining? 雨停了吗？They stopped to listen, but there was no more sound. 他们停下来去听，但已经没有任何声音了。

He has left off working. 他停止工作了。

I think we should leave off to have some coffee. 我想我们该休息一下去喝点咖啡。

He went on talking. 他继续往下说。

He went on to talk about the world situation. 他接着又谈了谈世界形势。

3）在动词mean, try, can’t help, cease等之后，是用动名词还是用不定式，要根据这些动词本身的含义而定。

试比较：mean doing 意味着，mean to do 打算、想。

try doing 实验，试着做某事，try to do努力，企图做某事。

can’t help doing 忍不住要做某事，can’t help to do 无助于做某事。

cease doing短时停止做某事，以后还会接着做，cease to do 长时间，甚至永远停做某事。

Revolution means liberating the productive forces. 革命就是解放生产力。

What do you mean to do with it? 你打算怎样处理它？Let’s try knocking at the back door. 咱们敲敲后门试试。

I tried hard to restrain myself. 我极力克制自己。

He couldn’t help feeling embarrassed. 他禁不住感到尴尬。

This can’t help to raise farm fields. 这不能促进农业产量的增长。

The girls ceased chatting for a moment when their teacher passed by. 姑娘们在老师走过时，停了会聊天。

That department has ceased to exist forever. 那个系已不复存在。

Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? 你把收音机音量调小一点，好吗The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught. 这松鼠幸运得很，刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。

解题指导：Find the choice that best completes each of the following sentences:1.He avoided ___ us a definite answer.A. to giveB. givingC. to givingD. give答案是B。

动词avoid后只能接动名词，而不能接不定式作宾语。

类似这样的动词还有：suggest, finish, mind, imagine, enjoy miss, resist, risk, escape, advise, deny, practise, require等。

2.We decided ___ changes in our plan.A. makingB. to makingC. makeD. to make答案是D。

动词decide后只能接不定式作宾语。

类似这样的动词还有：allow, promise, refuse, agree, hope, plan, learn, want, offer, arrange, fail, manage 等。

3.We think it possible ___ their production plan in a few weeks.A. for they to fulfilB. for their fulfillingC. for them to fulfilD. for them fulfil答案是C。

此句的意思是“我认为他们几周内完成生产计划是可能的。

”句中的“it”显然是形式宾语，真正的宾语则是带逻辑主语的不定式结构，其构成形式是“for + 名词或代词宾格+ 不定式”，所以C是正确的选项。

4.They stopped ___ to the recorder and began to write their homework.A. listeningB. to listenC. listenD. listened答案是A。

此句的意思是“他们停止听录音机，并开始做作业。

”很显然，“听录音机”是“停止”的宾语，而不是目的状语，必须用“stop doing sth”，而不用“stop to do sth”，所以A是正确的选项。

综合练习：I.Find the choice that best completes each of the following sentences:1.She refused ___ use her dictionary.a. to let meb. me toc. me usingd. letting me2.Don’t forget ___ goodbye to her, will you?a. to sayb. sayingc. being saidd. having said3.Fifty miles up the air is too thin ___ sound.a. carryb. to carryc. carryingd. to carrying4.We have much work ___ this afternoon.a. to dob. doingc. dod. to doing5.He is used to ___ hard work.a. dob. didc. doingd. done6.The pupil was afraid of ___ scolded by the teacher.a. beingb. bec. beend. to be7.Could you tell me ___ the machine?a. how workingb. how to be workedc. how workd. how to work8.I would have finished my composition by now if I had not stopped ___ with him.a. talkingb. to talkc. talkedd. talk9.I’m so sorry to have kept you ___ for a long time.a. waitingb. waitedc. to waitd. wait10.The peasants have been busy ___ the rice in the past few days.a. get inb. to get inc. getting ind. for getting in11.When the storm comes all windows ___.a. ought to closeb. ought to be closingc. ought to be closedd. ought to closed12.We heard nobody ___ the room.a. enteredb. to enterc. would enterd. enter13.Xiao Wang likes ___ harder work.a. being givenb. be givenc. to gived. gives14.He opened the window ___.a. for the fresh air to come inb. for the fresh air come inc. for the fresh air coming ind. for the fresh air to coming in15.Here are some knives for them ___.a. to cutb. to cut byc. to cut fromd. to cut with16.___ work means moving a body through a distance by a force.a. Having doneb. Donec. Doingd. Being done17.It is no ___ arguing about it, because he will never change his mind.a. useb. helpc. timed. while18.“Why were you so late for work today?”“___ to the office was very slow because of the traffic.”a. To driveb. Drivingc. I droved. That I drove19.It is no good ___ to come now. He is busy.a. if you ask himb. that you ask himc. to ask himd. asking him20.Is there any use ___?a. to try to phone himb. trying to phone himc. tried to phone himd. to trying to phone him21.I would appreciate ___ it a secret.a. you to keepb. that you would keepc. your keepingd. that you are keeping22.He didn’t seem to mind ___ TV while he was trying to study.a. their watchingb. them to watchc. that they watchd. their watch23.I vaguely remember ___ something like that.a. him having saidb. his sayingc. for him to sayd. that he say24.She apologized for ___ to come.a. her not being ableb. her being not ablec. not being abled. that sh e’s not able to25.It’s no use ___ me not to worry.a. you tellb. your tellingc. for you to have toldd. having told26.I love ___, but I hate ___ in a crowded swimming pool.a. to swim, swimmingb. swimming, swimmingc. to swim, to swimd. swimming, to swim27.He was lucky to escape ___ to prison.a. being sentb. sendingc. to be sentd. sent28.I don’t like ___ bills, but if I have received some I like ___ them immediately.a. pay, payingb. to pay, payingc. paying, payd. paying, to pay29.The problem requires ___ into immediately.a. lookingb. being lookedc. to lookd. looked30.I meant __ it but I forget to tell you.a. your gettingb. you to getc. you gettingd. you get31.The house needs ___, but we plan to wait until next summer to do it.a. to paintb. being paintedc. paintedd. to be painted32.Jenny said it was not right to punish her about ___ this time.a. her to be lateb. her to have been latec. her being lated. she being late33.One of the machines stopped ___ and caused a blockage in the assembly line.a. to workb. workingc. having workedd. worked34.I used ___ a lot of pocket money when I was young.a. to getb. that I gotc. to gettingd. to have got35.No one thought that John’s suggestion was worth ___.a. to considerb. consideringc. to be consideredd. of consideration36.We must have an engineer ______ the workers build the house.a. to seeb. seec. seeingd. seen37.Induction means ______ a general conclusion from special facts.a. to come tob. to comingc. coming tod. came38.Since she is angry, we ______.a. had better leaving her aloneb. should leave her alonec. might as well leave her aloned. had rather leave her alone39.You should remember ______ from the point when you are writing a composition.a. don’t wanderb. not to wanderc. no wanderingd. not wander40.You should really avoid ______ at home alone as he is old and ill.a. your father stayb. your father to stayc. your father’s stayingd. your father who stays41.John didn’t want to risk ______ wet as he had only one suit.a. gettingb. to getc. being gotd. to be gotten42.It won’t be any use ______ to borrow any more money.a. you to tryb. of your tryingc. trying youd. your trying43.The law requires all cars _______ for safety and efficiency.a. being tested regularlyb. to be regularly testedc. be regularly testedd. regularly tested44.I remember ______ to the zoo by my father when I was little.a. being takenb. takingc. have been takend. to have taken45.I completely forgot ______ the front door last night and feel fortunate that nothing is stolen.a. lockingb. being lockedc. to lockd. to have locked46.I regret ______ you that your application has been refused.a. informingb. being informedc. to be informedd. to inform47.I didn’t mean ______ anything, but these apples looked so good I couldn’t resist ______ one.a. to eat…tryingb. to eat…t o tryingc. eating…to tryd. eating…to trying48.I know it isn’t important but I can’t help ______ about it.a. but to thinkb. thinkingc. thinkd. to think49.Uncle Dick has already arrive. Do you expect ______ to see him?a. Goingb. goc. to god. that you go50.While she was shopping, she kept ______ the list to make sure she hadn’t forgotten anything.a. checkedb. checkingc. to checkd. check51.You’d better ______.a. to have your shoes mendedb. to have mended your shoesc. have your shoes mendedd. having your shoes mended52.The machines are made ______ at full speed.a. workb. workingc. to workd. to be worked53.It is certain that men will never stop ______ new energy sources to power their growingindustry.a. findingb. to findc. having foundd. found54.Professor Smith is said ______ another important discovery in chemistry.a. having madeb. having been madec. to have maded. to make55.There are plans ______ a number of atomic power stations in this regions.a. to buildb. to be builtc. buildingd. being built56.All of us are looking forward to ______ a trip to the Ming Tombs.a. makeb. makingc. to makingd. have made57.I would like ______ that I don’t have a very high opinion of you.a. to have you knowb. have you knowc. to have your knownd. having you know58.The famous scientist was easy _______ along with.a. to getb. for gettingc. gettingd. got59.The match was cancelled because most of the members ______ a match without a standardcourt.a. objected to havingb. objected to havec. were objected to haved. were objected to having60.I like watching TV ______ to the cinema.a. more than to gob. more than goingc. than goingd. rather than to go61.Mrs. Brown is supposed ______ for Italy last week.a. to have leftb. to leavec. to be leavingd. to have been left62.There’s one thing I dislike about him: he will nev er admit ______ a mistake.a. having madeb. makingc. being maded. have been made63.The chairman insists that there be a meeting _______ within the shortest possible time.a. to holdb. to be heldc. to have been heldd. to be holding64.When they met, Leonards and his enemy were fighting ______.a. killed each otherb. to kill each otherc. killing each otherd. to be killed each other65.At last they succeeded ______ the job.a. to persuade him to takeb. in persuading him to takec. to persuade him takingd. in persuading him taking66.He listened to me ______ what Mr. Smith had said the day before.a. to repeatb. to be repeatedc. to repeatingd. repeat67.Would you be ______ to help me with my luggage?a. enough kindb. kind enoughc. too kindd. kind too68.The father advise ______ the second-hand car.a. his son to not buyb. his son not to buyc. his son’s no buyingd. that his son not to buy69.It takes a whole year for the earth ______ round the sun once.a. travelingb. to travelc. traveledd. travels70.The factory ______ next year will be one of the largest in this city.a. to buildb. to be builtc. being builtd. having been built71.“Where should I send my application?”“The Pe rsonnel Office is the place ______.”a. to sent itb. sent it toc. to send it tod. for sending it72.Although John was the oldest in the family, he always let his sister _____ charge of the house.a. to takeb. takingc. taked. taken73.It is impossible for the plan ______.a. to put into practiceb. not to put into practicec. to be put into practiced. to be not put into practice74.______ is what she wants to know.a. Who to do itb. Whom to do itc. Who does it dod. Whom doing it75.My wife suggested ______ to Scotland for a holiday, but I favor ______ Wales instead.a. to go…to visitb. going …visitingc. to go…visitingd. going …to visitII. From the four underlined parts in each of the following sentences choose the one that is wrong:1.The teacher told his students don’t make such mistakes again.A B C D2.They didn’t let me to go by ship.A B C D3.He practised to swim in the morning of Sunday.A B C D4.My little brother is too young can’t dress himself.A B C D5.“Would you mind my come with you?” he asked after I had finished speaking.A B C D6.In England young boys have enjoyed to play football since the twelfth century.A B C D7.I have heard him to talk about you often.A B C D8.The teacher warned the pupils didn’t go skating on thin ice.A B C D9.The children asked the old Red Armyman tell them stories about the Red Army.A B C D10.Give me a piece of paper to write.A B C DKey:I. 1 – 35 A A B A C, A D B A C, C D A A D, C A B D B, C A B A B, D A D A B, D C B A B,36 – 75 BCDBC, ADBAC, DABCB, CCACA, BAAAB, AABBB, DBBBB, CCCABII. 1 – 10 B C B C C, C C C D D。