《汽车专业英语读译教程》--14-U8TB

Constant Velocity (CV) Joint
CV joints perform the same functions as the universal joint on rear-wheel drive vehicles. CV joints can drive the vehicle and compensate for steering actions while producing less vibration than a universal joint. Figure 8-7 illustrates one particular front-wheel drive CV joint and shaft assembly.
Tripod Joint Figure 8-8 shows the tripod joint. It is composed of three trunnions inside of a three channel housing. Unlike the cross and roller universal joint, the tripod joint trunnions can slide back and forth in the channels as the joint rotates. This maintains the same drive angle through the joint, allowing power to be transmitted without speed fluctuations. Inboard CV joints are usually tripod joints.
needle bearing
滚针轴承
snap ring
卡环
CV joint
等速万向节
Leabharlann Baiduexploded view
分解图
ring gear
齿圈
differential pinion shaft
差速器行星齿轮轴
ring gear pinion shaft 主减速器主动锥齿轮轴
side gear
半轴齿轮
worm and wheel gear 蜗杆蜗轮机构
torsional ['tɔ:∫ənəl] a.扭力的, 扭转的
trunnion tripod
['trʌniən] n.耳轴 ['traipɔd] n.三脚架，三脚桌
resemble [ri'zembl] v.象, 类似
ramp
[ræ mp] n.斜坡, 坡道，滑道，滑轨
stub
[stʌb] n.树桩，短轴
阅读5min后，同学翻译 Differential Operation The drive shaft turns the ring gear pinion shaft. The pinion gear turns the ring gear which, in turn, revolves the differential case. When the case turns, the differential pinion shaft turns with it. As the differential pinions are mounted on this shaft, they are forced to move with the case. Being meshed with the side gears, the pinions will pull the side gears along with them. When the vehicle is moving in a straight line, the ring gear is turning the case. The differential pinions and side gears are moving around with the case with no movement between the teeth of the pinions and side gears. The entire movement is like a solid unit. When turning a corner, the case continues pulling the pinions around on the shaft. As the outer wheel must turn over a larger area, the outer side gear is now moving faster than the inner side gear. The spinning pinions not only pull on both side gears, but also begin to rotate on their shafts
PHRASES AND EXPRESSIONS
drive shaft
传动轴
torsional damper
扭转减振器
flexible joint
柔性接头
cross and roller universal joint
十字轴式万向节
cardan universal joint 十字轴式万向节，万向节
Figure8-5 The rear-wheel drive propeller shaft
A yoke and splined stub (where used) are welded to the ends of a hollow shaft. The shaft must run true and be carefully balanced to avoid vibrations [1]. The drive shaft is often turning at high speeds and can cause great damage if bent, imbalanced, or if there is wear in the flexible joints.
Figure 8-9 Rzeppa CV joint
Figure 8-8 Tripod CV joint
Final Drive
The ring and pinion gears are used to transfer the engine power from the drive shaft to the rear wheels. In addition to transferring power, the ring and pinion must cause the power to make a 90° turn between the drive shaft and wheels. The ring and pinion must also provide the correct axle ratio. The pinion is the smaller driving gear; the ring is always the larger driven gear.
friction limited-slip differential
worm gear
摩擦式限滑差速器 蜗轮副
spur gear
正齿轮，直齿圆柱齿轮
Torsen differential 托森差速器
Drive Line
Drive Shaft
The rear-wheel drive shaft is hollow to reduce weight, but has a diameter large enough to give the shaft great strength, Figure 8-5. Steel, aluminum, and graphite are used in drive shaft construction. Some have a rubber-mounted torsional damper.
Front-wheel drive axles are equipped with inboard (inside) and outboard (outside) CV joints. Figure 8-7 shows one such arrangement. CV joints are used on the front axles of some four-wheel drive vehicles and rear-wheel drive vehicles with independent rear suspensions.
Figure 8-6 Simple universal joint
Figure 8-7 An exploded view of a fourwheel-drive front axle and constant velocity joint
There are two basic CV joint types: tripod and Rzeppa (also called ball and channel) type, Both of these are constant velocity designs. The Rzeppa joint is by far the most common.
PROFESSIONAL ENGLISH
UNIT 8 CLUTCHES,
MANUAL TRANSMISSIONS AND DRIVE LINE
TEXT A DRIVE LINE
本次课学习内容
UNIT 7 CLUTCHES,
MANUAL TRANSMISSIONS AND DRIVE LINE
TEXT A DRIVE LINE
Differential
The rear wheels of a vehicle must turn at different speeds when rounding the slightest corner (outside wheel must roll farther). The rear wheels must also be able to continue driving the vehicle while turning at different speeds. Therefore, it is necessary to use a differential to drive the axles, so both receive power, yet they are free to turn at different speeds when needed [2].
Rzeppa Joint Figure 8-9 illustrates the Rzeppa CV joint, which was invented in 1926 by Alfred H. Rzeppa. It consists of a series of balls in a slotted cross and housing assembly. During operation, the balls slide back and forth in the slots as the joint rotates. Since the drive angle through the joint is not subject to fluctuations, power flows smoothly through the joint at any angle. Outboard CV joints are usually Rzeppa joints.
Universal Joint
The cross and roller universal joint, sometimes called a cardan universal joint, consists of a center cross and two yokes, shown in Figure8-6. The yokes are attached to the cross through needle bearing assemblies, usually called bearing caps. The bearing caps are retained in the yoke by snap rings, U-bolts, or bolted plates. The bearing cap rollers surround the cross ends. These cross ends are called trunnions. This allows the yokes to swivel on the cross with a minimum amount of friction.
• Drive Shaft • Universal Joint • Final Drive • Differential
本次课学习目标
掌握传动系统的有关英文专业词汇 能够较好地用已知翻译技巧进行课文翻译 训练快速阅读能力，较高的阅读速度 能够较熟练地运用“倒译法”。
NEW WORDS
graphite ['græ fait] n.石墨