2019中考英语语法练习——句子讲解与练习(2)及解析
(7套)2019年中考英语语法知识点按题型分类(全国通用)讲解汇总 (2)
（7套）2019年中考英语语法知识点按题型分类（全国通用）讲解汇总知识点1单项选择【题型特点】单项选择题一向是各省市中考的必考题型. 从近几年来全国各地的中考试卷分析可以看出, 单项选择题的命题范围虽然涉及语法、词汇、惯用法、句型、口语交流等诸多方面, 题目设计灵活, 涵盖面广, 但大多数题目都源于课本. 分析近几年的中考题可发现, 其命题有以下几个特点:1.注重在情景对话中考查语言知识2.题目重视语境的创设3.一题多考, 试题的综合性增强4.备选项的干扰性明显增强【方法点拨】1.排除法:读懂题意, 通过题干中的已知信息, 就可得出正确答案. 此种方法主要适用于词义辨析类的题目.例1(丽水中考)一Tommy, you can never let others know what I have told you today.-Don't worry. I will keep the________.A. secretB. moneyC. addressD. grade【解析】由上句句意“汤米, 你不可以让其他人知道我今天告诉你的话”可推出下句句意:不要担忧, 我会保密的. 根据句意可以排除B,C,D三项, secret 意为“秘密”, 符合句意A ,所以选A.例2(山西中考)—Mum, there's something wrong with my_______ . Could you wake me up tomorrow morning?-No problem, dear.A. pencil caseB. alarm clockC. tennis racket【解析】根据Could you wake me up tomorrow morning?(你明天早展能叫醒我吗?)可知前一句说的是我的“闹钟”坏了,而不是pencil case (铅笔袋)或tennis racket(网球拍)坏了. 直接排除A,C两项. 故选B2.分析法: 理解题意, 然后全面分析, 既要分析句子, 又要对选项进行逐个分析才能得出正确答案. 此种方法主要适用于选项的变化形式较复杂的题目. .例1(遂宁中考)) I'm so hungry. Please give me______ to eat.A. three breadB. three pieces of breadC. threes of breads【解析】考查不可数名词数量的表达. 句意为:我非常饿, 请给我三片面包吃. bread为不可数名词, 不能直接用数词来修饰, 同时不可数名词没有复数形式. piece是可数名词, 有复数形式. 综合分析故选B例2(威海中考)_________ fathers can't go to the class meeting because they have gone to business.A. Jack and Mike'sB. Jack's and Mike'sC. Jack and MikeD. Jack's and Mike【解析】考查名词所有格的用法. 句意:杰克和迈克的爸爸不能去开班会, 因为他们已经去做生意了. 如果表示两个人共同的父亲时只在最后一个人名上用所有格形式, 如果表示各自的父亲, 那么每一个人名都要用所有格形式. fathers用了复数, 所以, 此处指杰克和迈克各自的父亲, 故选B3.逻辑推理法:理解题意, 找出前后句的内在关系, 通过联系上下文或前后句子可得出正确答案. 此类方法主要用于一些时态或特殊用法的题目.例1(菏泽中考)-Do you like seeing a movie on your mobile phone?-No. I________ do that because it makes me uncomfortable.A. seldomB. oftenC. usuallyD. sometimes【解析】考察频度副词. 句意：“你喜欢用手机看电影吗？”“不, 我很少那样做, 因为那样让我感到不舒服. ”有前面的否定回答No, 及后面的because it makes me uncomfortable.可以推测出空格处应该表示的是从不或很少的意思. 四个选择项中只有选项A有“很少, 几乎不”的意思, 与hardly同义. 故选择A例2(绍兴中考) _____ Can Peter play games with us, Mrs. Hawking?-Wait a minute. He_______ shower .A. is takingB. takenC. tookD. was taking【解析】考察现在进行时的用法. 根据答语"Wait a minute‘可知, “洗澡’这个动作现在正在进行, 故用现在进行时is taking,选A,4.前后照应法: 解题前透彻理解, 然后联系上下文或前后句子、捕捉隐含信息, 方能准确找出答案. 此方法多用于两个以上句子的题目.例1(荆门中考)Since 2000, Jingmen has become a new city. Ever thing__________·A.Is changedB. was changedC. had changedD. has changed【解析】考查现在完成时态. 因为前句中有Since, 所以此处要使用现在完成时态, 所以选择D例2(益阳中考)-Jim had nothing for breakfast this morning, _______?---_________. He got up too late.A.had she; YesB. hadn't he ; Yes C, did he; Yes【解析】考查反意疑问句的用法. 由nothing可知前句为否定句, 故反意疑问句的简短句用肯定形式. 本句为一般过去时, 故用助动词did. 故选C,5.交际法:此方法可用一些常用的交际用语, 联系上下文直接解题.例1(天津中考)-I hope you'll have a good journey.--_____A.Well doneB. Don't mention itC. CertainlyD. 'Thank you very much【解析】前句的意思是:我希望你旅程快乐. 根据英语说话习惯, 在别人说了祝愿或赞美的话后要回答说谢谢. 由此很容易判断出答案为D例2(重庆中考)-Do you mind if I turn on the TV?---_________. My father is sleeping.A. Better notB. Not at allC. No, I don't mindD. That's all right【解析】前句的意思是：:如果我开电视, 你介意吗?由后面的答语“My father is sleeping.”(我的父亲正在睡觉. )可知空格处应该表达不要开电视之类的意思. 结合选项可知答案为A, 6.固定搭配法:通过读懂题意, 找出题目中的固定搭配, 可得出正确答案. 此类方法主要适用于考查词汇短语类的题目.例1（连云港中考）________ after the explosion happened in a factory in Dehui, Jilin on June 3nd, a lot of firemen rushed to put out the fire.A. SadlyB. softlyC. shortlyD. suddenly【解析】考察固定搭配. Shortly after“不久以后”. 根据句意：6月3日吉林德惠一家工厂爆炸后不久, 许多消防员赶去扑灭了大火. 故选择C例2(宜昌中考)-Not only the young but also the old getting interested_______ WeChat(微信) --They can communicate more freely.A．by B. about C. in D. for【解析】考察固定搭配. Be （get）interested in为固定短语, 意义是“对…..感兴趣”, 符合句意“不仅年轻人而且老年人都开始对微信感兴趣”（利用微信）他们可以更自由地交流.词汇运用词汇是学好一种语言的重要基础和保证, 是中考英语试题中常见的题型之一. 该题难度虽然不大, 但却是容易失分的题型之一. 究其原因, 一是英语单词繁多庞杂, 它们之间的转换纵横交错; 二是审题不够仔细, 混淆了那些相近或相似的单词.【题型特点】词汇运用主要考查学生识词、记词和用词的能力, 测试的重点放在那些字母读音不规则、容易混淆、易漏写或错写的单词上. 考查的题型主要有三类:1.根据中文提示写单词;2.根据句子意思, 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空;3.根据句意和首字母提示写出单词.题型1(南京中考)根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词, 使句子意思完整正确.1. The school library is_______(开放的) Monday through Friday, 9 a. m to 6 p.m.2. I often________(买)gifts for my parents on their birthdays.3 .The children all__________ (跳)with joy when they heard the good news.4. Where are you going to put your__________(自行车)?It's so crowded here.5·Some teenagers don't know how to_______(处理)with their personal problems and they often go to therapy.【解题技巧】题1的意思是“开放的”, 可以确定是形容词原形形式, 由此可知答案为open .题2的意思是“买”, 由前面的often, 可知本句用一般现在时, 主语是第一人称, 因此答案为buy.题3的意思是.“.跳”, 根据后面句子的heard这个词可知本句用一般过去时. 由此可知答案为jumped,题4的意思是“自行车”, 这是个名词, 因此需要注意是否要用复数形式. 根据整个句子可知本题单复数形式都行. 由此可知答案为bike(s)/bicycle(s)题5的意思是“处理”, 结合整个句子可知词性是动词, 再由前面的how to可知要用原形形式. 且由how可知答案为deal.题型2(南京中考)根据句子意思, 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空.1. 1f you don’t tell me what the problem is, I can't _________ (help) you.2. Miss Li is a kind teacher and she always talks to us________(gentle).3. The teacher told us that the gravity on Mars ________ (be) only about three-eighth of that on Earth.4. Mr. Black has been in China for three years and now he is used to_______(eat) Chinese food.5. The Eiffel Tower, a cultural icon of France, was completed at the end of the_______ (nineteen) century.6. It is worth_______ (mention) that Nanjing has entered Top 10 Appealing Chinese Cities.【解题技巧】题1中的help是动词, 前面有情态动词, 所以用原形形式, 由此可知答案为:help.题2空格处所填词修饰动词talks, 因此肯定是副词形式. 由此可知答案为:gently.题3空格处在句中作谓语, 其形式就由主语the gravity来定, 由于宾语从句中所说是客观真理, 所以要用一般现在时. 由此可知答案为:is.题4空格前的is used to是“习惯于”的意思, be used to doing sth.是固定搭配. 由此可知答案为:eating.题5空格前后的意思是“在十九世纪末”, 空格处要用序数词. 由此可知答案为:nineteenth/19th,题6中的is worth意为“值得”. be worth doing sth.这是固定结构. 由此可知答案为:mentioning.题型3(黄石中考)根据句意和首字母提示, 补全各小题单词.1. Please give me a hand. I'm not tall e_______ to reach the book on the top of the bookshelf.2. We must f_______ the teacher's instructions when we are in the lab.3. He has some t________ understanding what his teacher says because of his poor English.4. It is usually very hot in June, but s________ it can be cool.5. Don’t disturb him. He is busy w_______ an important report.【解题技巧】题1的句意是：请帮帮我, 我不______高, 够不到暑假的顶部. 将整个句子结合在一起理解, 再联系首字母可知此处表示不够高. 由此可知答案为:enough.题2的句意, 特别是关键词instructions, 再结合首字母可知此处应是follow, 由于前面是情态动词must, 所以要用原形形式. 由此可知答案为:follow .由题3后面的because of his poor English(他的英语很差), 可知前面说的是理解他的老师所说的有困难. 再结合首字母可知此处是trouble, 由于trouble是不可数名词, 由此可知答案为:trouble.题4前面的句子的意思是在六月, 天气常常非常热, 后面的句意为: 天气可能凉爽. 综合两句的意思及but和首字母的信息可知此处应为sometimes.由题5中的关键词report, 并结合首字母可知此处是“写”的意思, 再看空格前面的关键词is busy“忙于”,be busy doing sth.这是固定搭配. 由此可知答案为:writing.【方法点拨】如何做词汇运用题:1.通读全句, 确定意思.2.根据成分或结构, 判断词性.3.前后兼顾, 依据成分及词性对单词形式作适当变化.4.全面考虑, 不忘大小写.补全对话补全对话、情景对话或完成对话, 是中学英语教学中的一项重要内容, 也是近年来中考的重点考查项目. 它主要考查语言运用能力、交际能力和对篇章结构的理解能力.【题型特点】补全对话类题型内容多, 层次复杂, 综合性强, 故会给考生造成一定的解题困难. 因此, 熟悉考查内容, 掌握考试技巧非常重要. 在内容上要熟练掌握日常交际用语、话题内容及英语国家的社会、文化、习俗等方面的知识. 在题型设置上主要有填词/句子型, 选择型等.题型1(哈尔滨中考)填人一个适当的词补全对话, 每空一词.A: How are you, Jane?B: Fine, ___1____ . And you?A: Very well. I've heard that a foreign teacher is helping the people in Ya'an.____2_____ don't we do something for others?B: That's a good idea. Do you have any plans for it?A: I'm going to give my old clothes to the children in the countryside together ___3___ my father. Would you like to join us?B: ____4____ love to. When shall we go there?A: I have time on _____5____ Friday and Saturday. How about you?B: I'm busy on Friday but 6 on Saturday morning. Shall we start at 10 o'clock?A: Sorry, I'm afraid not. Let's 7 it 10:30 on Saturday.B: That would be fine. Shall we meet at the school gate?A: All right.1.____________,2. ____________,3. ____________,4. ____________,5. ____________,6. ____________,7. ____________,1. Thanks.由问句“How are you, Jane?”可知答语为Fine, thanks.2. Why. “Why don't we...?”相当于“Why not …?”, 意为“为什么不……?”.3. with. with sb.“和某人一起”.4. I'd. 由问句Would you like to join us?可知答语为I'd love to.5. both. both…and...表示‘.两者都”.6. free. 由前面的busy和but可知此处表示星期六上午有空, 故填free.7. make, make it为固定用法, 用于约定时间.题型2(安顺中考)根据所给汉语提示完成对话.A: Hey, where are you going?B: I don't know. I just walk because I’m unhappy.A: Oh? 1.____________ (怎么了)B: I have no money and my parents don’t give me any to buy my favorite things, either.A:Then would you like 2._________ (找一分兼职工作)? I can't help you.B: 3.___________ (我已和他们谈过了) but they don’t agree with me. So can you tell me 4.______________?(我能怎么办)A: You can talk about your problems with your relations(亲戚).5._________(让他们和你的父母谈)B: Good idea. Thank you!A: You're welcome.【解题技巧】1. What's wrong/What's the matter( with you) /What's up联系上下文并结合汉语提示“怎么了”, 可知正确答案为What's wrong/ What's the matter( with you)/ What's up,2. to look for a part-time job“找一份兼职工作”为look for a part-time job, 而would like 后要接动词不定式, 所以正确答案为to look for a part-time job,3. I (have) talked (about it) with them根据汉语提示“我已和他们谈过了”, 使用短语talk with sb., 根据实际情况, 既可用一般过去时, 也可用现在完成时. 所以正确答案为I (have) talked (about it) with them,4. what I can do/ what to do/ how to do it/ how I can do it此处可以用宾语从句what I can do或how I can do it.但要注意“从句用陈述语序”;也可以用由疑问词构成的不定式短语what to do或how to do it, 所以正确答案为what I can do/ what to do/ how to do it/ how I can do it,5. It them talk with/ to your parent, 此句将let sb..do sth.和talk with/ to ab.两个短语结合, 所以正确答案为Let them talk with/ to your parents.题型3(哈尔演中考)从A~J选项中选出能题入空白处的最佳选项补全对话. (选项中有两项是多余的)A: Hello, Tim!B:Hello, Alice! Come in and have a seat. ____1____A: Thank you. I'm coming to say goodbye to you.____2____B: Really? ____3____A: I'm going to an English Summer Camp there.B: What will you do at camp?A: 4B: I am sure you will speak English much better. How long will you stay there?A: About ten days.B: 5A: Sounds great. 6B: The Summer Palace, the Great Wall and some other interesting places. All of them are well worth visiting.A: Wonderful! But I don't know how I can get to these places.B: Don't worry. 7 By the way, don't forget to buy a map of Beijing.A: Thank you for your advice.B: 8 Enjoy yourself. Bye!1.__________2. __________3. __________4. __________5. __________6. __________7. __________8. __________【解题技巧】1. H由前句“Come in and have a seat.”和答语可知此处是主人让客人别感到陌生, 像在自己家一样, 故选H2. I前句“I'm coming to say goodbye to you.”说明要走了, 故I符合题意.3. B由答语可知问句是询问去北京的目的是什么, 故选B4. F联系问句和答语可知F符合题意.5. A由答语可知问句是提建议的句型, 故选A6. D由答语可知问句是询问“你认为我应该参观什么地方”, 故选择D7. C由上文but I don't know how I can get to these places. 可知此处是回答怎样去这些地方, 选C8. E 回答感谢应用You're welcome.【方法点拨】如何做补全对话题:1.仔细审题, 明确语境. 审题是补全对话的重要一步. 奉到试卷后应迅速通过文字所提供的情景, 弄清对话是在何时、何地、何种场合进行的. 然后围绕主要话题, 联系情景, 认真分析主要话题涉及到的相关内容, 明确语境.2.分析信息, 推测考点. 对话是以“你有来言, 我有去语”的方式进行的, 这种来言或去语就是信息. 分析、理解、推断这种信息就是解题的关键.3.联系上下, 选择答案. 得到基本信息之后, 再通过联系上下文, 综合相关信息, 就可以选择答案或填入词语或句子了. 一定要以具体的语言环境和英美文化习俗恰当地作出回答.4.通读对话, 检查验证. 通读全篇对话, 检查验证答案, 这是补全对话的重要一环.句型转换句型转换是句子类别的转换, 在中考中所占的分值一直挺大, 而且有愈来愈高之势. 这是因为该题的目的在于检侧学生运用各种句型的能力, 要求学生对所学的句子结构和词形的变化做到概念清楚, 运用准确, 这对他们的英语综合运用能力有着较高的要求.【题型特点】句型转换在中考中往往以两种形式进行考查. 第一种是按要求完成句型转换. 第二种是同义句转换. 其中, 按要求进行句型转换题包括陈述句改一般疑问句、就画线部分提问和改为反意疑问句、改为否定句、感叹句等. 同义句改写往往涉及到主动变被动、同义词转换、句子合并等内容.题型I按要求完成句型转换1.(上海中考)Fred plans to work in the charity hospital in the community.(改为否定句)Fred ________ ________ to work in the charity hospital in the community.2.(济南中考)She is good at playing the piano. (改为一般疑问句)_______ _________ at playing the piano?3.(上海中考)Jim's office is four kilometers away from the nearest underground station.(对划线部分提问)________ __________ is Jim's office from the underground station?4.(上海中考)Our journey to Britain last summer was amazing.(改为感叹句)_____ ________ our journey to Britain last summer?【解题技巧】1.通过仔细审题可知题1要改为否定句, 句子的时态是一般现在时, 主语是第三人称单数, 句中没有情态动词或be动词. 因此在改为否定句时需要用助动词, 且助动词后接动词原形, 由此可知答案为:doesn’t plan,2.题2要改为一般疑问句, 句子的时态是一般现在时, 主语是第三人称单数, 句中没有情态动词但是有be动词, 因此在改为一般疑问句时只需要将be动词提到句子前面即可. 由此可知答案为:Is she.3.对画线部分提问的规则: 画什么就问什么. 通过仔细审题, 可知本题画的是four kilometers, 这是一个表示距离的短语, 由此可知疑问词是How far,4.通过仔细审题可知本题所要感叹的是amazing, 那么感叹句的引导词应该是how, 由此可知答案为:How amazing,题型2同义句转换1.(上海中考)Though the earthquake destroyed many houses, people didn't lose hope.(改为被动语态)Though many houses_______ __________ by the earthquake, people didn’t lose hope.2.(上海中考)"Who is responsible for the food safety problem?" asked the reporter.(改为宾语从句)The reporter asked________ ___________ responsible for the food safety problem.3.(安顺中考)The man is talking with my headmaster. He comes from Holland.(改为定语从句)The man________ is talking with my headmaster _______ from Holland.4.(上海中考)This year’s car exhibition was very special. It attracted many visitors.(合并为一句)This year’s car exhibition was __________ special _________it attracted many visitors.5.(上海中考)With the help of a local guide, they reached the mountain top in the end.(保持句意基本不变)With the help of a local guide, they reached the mountain top _________ _________.【解压技巧】1.本题主语已经给出, 句子的时态是一般过去时, 变为被动语态时谓语动词就要变为was/were done ,由此可知答案为：were destroyed.2.仔细审题可知本本题其实是将直接引语空为间接引语. 本题的间接引语的时态与主句一致, 由于who在句中既是疑问词也是连接词, 所以句序变. 由此可知答案为:who.3.本题是以定语从句的方式将两个简单句合成一句, 句意不变. 比较两个句子可知headmaster是先行词, 引导词在定语从句中作主语, 由此可知答案为: who/that ;comes.4.本题是要用结果状语从句将两个简单句连接起来, 由此可知答案为: so；that.5.本题的两个句子可知两个句子的差异仅体现在in the end这个短语上, 其中文意思是:最后, 终于. 由此可知答案为: at last,【方法点拨】如何做句型转换题:1 细审原题, 弄清要求. 解题时首先应很好地审阅原题, 对原题中的时态、主语、形式等认真加以解析, 做到心中有数, 明确解题要求.2.上下联系, 抓住关健. 注意上、下句之间的联系., 抓住关健部分, 慎重检查改写后的句子中的词汇、时态、习惯用语中的变换是否正确.阅读理解阅读理解是中考测试的重要内容. 主要考查学生生理解、辨别、推理的能力. 近几年, 中考阅读理解的选材注重了材料的真实性, 具有时代特征, 与现实生活的联系性越来越强. 语篇选择比较注重思想性和趣味性, 注重对学生心灵的塑造. 常见的考查形式有三种：选择性阅读, 判断正误型阅读和任务型阅读, 其中任务型阅读又分为填空型, 回答问题型, 匹配阅读型等.【题型特点】阅读理解题是对学生有着较高的能力要求的一种题型, 主要考查学生通过阅读获取信息、分析信息和处理信息的能力. 试题涉及对掌握语篇主旨、事实细节、深层含义、推理判断、猜测词义等多方面的阅读能力的考查. 设题通常考虑以下四个方面:1.直观性问题. 直接引用原文中的语句或根据短文中原语句稍加改动而编成.2.常识性问题. 考查学生依据短文信息, 并根据自己所具备的一般常识作出判断的题型.3.理解性问题. 考查学生对文章的中心思想, 某段的段落大意, 某一事实的细节及作者意图等的理解程度.4.推理性问题. 这类题需在深刻理解短文后, 再经过推理判断才能选出正确答案.题型1(昆明中考)选择型阅读理解A city without cars would be very strange, right? But Venice is such a city.Venice is in the northeast of Italy. It wasn't built on land, like Beijing or Shanghai, but on more than 110 islands. Seawater is everywhere around the city.Even so, travel isn't difficult. The waterways have always been the best way to get around. There are 117 waterways and more than 400 bridges that can guide you where you want to go. People in Venice move from place to place by boat. Venice grew out of small islands in saltwater lakes when some Italians escaped from a war over 1 ,500 years ago, and built homes there.Water makes the city special .but it is also a big problem. Sometimes tourists will have such strange experiences. One moment they walk across the Rialto Bridge, and there's nothing special. But when they come back to the bridge an hour later, it's underwater and everyone is wearing rain shoes.Once, people used too much underground water. This made the city get lower little by little. Now the city has gone down by 23 centimeters. Another problem is the rising seawater. The temperature has risen over the years. This has made the ice of the Arctic Ocean（北冰洋)melt (融化).Every year, high waters hit the city in autumn and winter. When a lot of water comes , more than half of the city is underwater.Scientists are trying different ways to stop the city from getting even lower. The Italian government has asked some of Italy's biggest companies to build the MOST project, which was planned to be build under the seawater to stop the rising water. Anyway, this project is helping solve the problem.1.According to the passage, Venice is a city ____ of Italy.A. in the northeastB. in the westC. in the southwestD. in the south、2._____ have always been the best way to go here and there in the city.A. Taxis and catsB. The waterwaysC. 400 bridgesD. Boats and rain shoes3. Venice _____ small islands in saltwater lakes more than 1500 years ago.A. change intoB. used to beC. becameD. developed from4. Which is NOT the reason why the city gets lower and lower?A. The higher temperatureB. Overused underground waterC. Too many waterwaysD. The rising seawater5. The passage is mainly about _______ Venice.【题技巧】本文是一篇说明文, 文中介绍了旅游城市威尼斯. 威尼斯处在意大利的东北, 是1500年前意大利人因躲进战乱而建立起来的, 它不是建立在陆地上, 而是建立在110多个小岛上, 城市里的交通主要旅乘船或者是桥.1. A细节理解题. 由文中第一段的第一句"Venice is in the northeast of Italy.”可知答案.2. B细节理解题. 由第二段第二句“The waterways have always been the best way to get around”可知答案.3. D 细节理解题. 由文中的“Venice grew out of small islands in salt water lakes when some Italians escaped from a war 1500 years ago. and built homes there.4. C细节理解题. 根据文中的信息people used too much underground water. Another problem is the rising seawater, the temperature has risen over the years可知答案.5.C主旨大意题. 本文前半部分介绍了威尼斯的特色:出行靠船或桥; 后半部分介绍了威尼斯面临的问题:位置越来越低. 因此答案选C.题型2(泉州中考)判断正误型阅读理解There are about 5,000 different kinds of ladybugs in the world. They come in many different colors. Their bright colors warn other animals or insects not to eat them. Ladybugs taste bad. A bird or a frog that eats a ladybug will remember the bright colors and it will not eat another ladybug with the same colors again. When ladybugs are in danger, they will give out a fluid(液体) that tastes terrible.In many cultures, the ladybug is considered to be a symbol of good luck. Most ladybugs are kind to humans. They eat other insects which destroy crops. One ladybug can eat up to 5,000 insects in its lifetime.Ladybugs have six short legs. They live in many different places, including green lands, forests, cities, the countryside and along rivers. Different ladybugs have different spots(点).Some of them don't have spots at all. The most common kind in North America is the 7- spotted ladybug. The 7-spotted ladybugs are the most active from spring to autumn. When the weather turns cold, they look for a warm place to sleep, such as under stones or in houses.根据短文内容, 判断下列句子是否正确, 对的涂(A), 错的涂(B)1 .Ladybugs can give out a terrible fluid to protect themselves.2. In many cultures ladybugs are believed to bring good luck.3. Most of the ladybugs are harmful to crops.4. Ladybugs live in many places except cities.5. Winter is the best time for 7-spotted ladybugs to go out for food.【解题技巧】本文是说明文, 主要介绍了抓虫的生活习性和生理特点.1.A细节理解题. 根据第一段最后一句“When ladybugs are in danger, they will give outa fluid(液体) that tastes terrible.”可知:甄虫散发出难闻的液体是为了保护自己, 本句正确.2.‘A细节理解题. 根据第二段中的In many cultures, the ladybug is considered to be a symbol of good luck.’可知本句正确.3.B细节理解题. 根据第二段中的“Most ladybugs are kind to humans. They eat other insects which destroy crops.“可知本句错误-4. B细节理解题. 根据第三段中的They live in many different places, including green lands,forests, cities, the countryside and along rivers.”可知包括城市.故本句错误.5.B细节理解题. 根据第三段中的‘"When the weather turns cold, they look for a warm place to sleep , such as under stones or in houses.’可知, 冬天它们去睡觉, 而不是出去寻找食物, 故本句错误.题型3(十堰中考)任务型阅读理解Andy was still traveling in Spain when he realized he had to confirm(确认) his____1_____home with the airline company. He was visiting Spain in order to improve his Spanish. When he was speaking to people face to face, he had no difficulty understanding what they said. However, when he was speaking on the phone, he still had a problem. Andy called the airline. And the clerk confirmed that his plane was leaving at nine o'clock three days from that day. She also told Andy to be at the airport two hours earlier in order to check in his luggage and get a seat.Since he was leaving in three days, Andy didn't lose any time. He visited many places as he could. He thought that it would probably be a while before he had enough money again. He wished he could come back and spend a year in Spain.Too quickly, the final day arrived. Andy left early for the airport to arrive two hours before take-off. He hated to rush. He went to the clerk to show his ticket. The clerk looked at the ticket in surprise.“Why, sir, but your flight was at nine o'clock in the morning, and it is eight in the evening. ""But I confirmed my flight," insisted Andy. "Will I have to pay for another ticket?""No, Sir. However, the next flight out will be three days from n ow.”Andy ___2____ of shock turned to pleasure as he realized that now he could continue his vacation.任务一:请根据短文内容.分别写出①、②处所缺单词. (每空限城一词)1.①__________ ②_________任务二:根据短文内容补全句子. (每空一词)2.(A) He Visited as many places as________.(B) From the passage we know Andy could ________ his holiday.任务三：请把上文中画线的句子翻译成汉语.3.________________________________4. Why did the clerk tell Andy to be at the airport a little earlier?_______________________________________5.How long was Andy late for the plane that day?_________________________________________【解题技巧】本文是一篇记叙文. 讲述的是安迪还在西班牙旅行的时候, 他意识到应该和航空公司确认一下回去的航班, 由于他的西班牙语不是很好, 打电话时出了差错, 他确认的航班早已起飞的故事.1. （1）flight (2) look/ expression大意理解题. 第一个空我们可以根据句子后面的短语with the airline company来确定是他的航班, 所以填flight;由“Andy's _______ of shock turned to pleasure as he realized that now he could continue his vacation."(安迪的____由震惊变得高兴.因为他意识到他可以继续他的旅程. )我们可以推测句子需要的意思应该是安迪的表情, 所以填look/ expression,2.(A) possible (B) continue意义理解题. 第一个空文中的句子是:He visited as many places。
中考英语语法聚焦和练习九年级全册Unit1_2人教新目标版
2019中考英语人教九全U1—2语法聚焦和练习及答案一、阅读理解。
Empathy(同情心) lets us feel another person’s pain and drives us to help. Do any other animals feel empathy? Scientists recently found that rats(老鼠) do, too.Most people don’t like rats. In many people’s eyes, rats are o nly bad. But Jean Decety and his partners at the University of Chicago did an experiment. It showed that rats are kind, warm-hearted animals. They can feel each other’s pain.Scientists placed pairs of rats in plastic cages(笼子) for two weeks. During this time they got to know each other. Then they put one of the rats from each pair into a small container(容器) in the cages. The small container had a door. It was so designed as to fall to the side when the free rat touched it. Many of the trapped(困住的) rats squeaked(吱吱叫) to show their discomfort. The other rats of the pairs could see their suffering friends clearly.In most pairs, the free rats would become very worried about their friends. They kept trying to save their friends again and again throughout the month. Scientists put the rats’ favorite chocolate in the cages, but the rats didn’t eat it until they had saved their friends successfully. Scientists also found that female rats seemed to act more empathetic than male rats.“The results are the first to show that rats take action in response to another’s trouble,” Decety said. “Monkeys and chimpanzees have similar behavior. But unlike those animals, rats can be ready used in laboratory studies. They will help us to learn which parts of the brain lead to empathy and helping behavior and whether empathy is natural.”1. A person with empathy is often _____.A. kind-heartedB. cleverC. activeD. strong2. What does the underline word mean in Chinese?A.休息的B.睡着的C.死亡的D.受苦的3. Why didn’t the free rats eat the chocolate at first?A. Because they were full at that time.B. Because chocolate was not their favorite food.C. Because they wanted to save the trapped rats first.D. Because they were afraid that the chocolate was bad.4. Which of the following animals were NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Monkeys.B. Cats.C. Rats.D. Chimpanzees.5. What does the passage mainly tell us?A. Rats can feel other animals’ pain.B. Cho colate is rats’ favorite food.C. Female rats are more empathetic than male rats.D. Rats are empathetic and can feel each other’s pain.参考答案1—5 ADCBD二、教材语法聚焦1. how引导的特殊疑问句及其答语(九Unit 1)【基本用法】how表示“怎样……”；介词by “通过/靠……方式”，表示方式、方法。
2019年中考英语语法专题讲练：被动语态讲解附练习(含解析)
被动语态被动语态知识精讲一、被动语态语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语动词之间的详细关系，分为主动语态和被动语态两种。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的履行者。
被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的蒙受者。
被动语态是动词的一种特别形式，一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。
汉语常常用“被、受、给”等被动词来表示被动意义。
其构造是由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词done”组成的。
be 自己无词义，但有时态、人称和数的变化，其变化与时态中的变化一致。
各样时态的被动语态构造表（以动词do 为例）：时态被动语态例句The classroom is cleaned by us.一般此刻时am/is/are+ done教室被我们打扫。
The kite was made by him yesterday.一般过去时was/were+ done昨天，风筝被他制作。
Flowers are being watered by her.此刻进行时am/is/are+ being+ doneThe work has been finished by Jim.此刻达成时have/has +been+ done工作已经被做完。
will/shall/be going to + be 一般未来时done过去进行时was/were + being+ done 过去达成时had+ been +done含有神态动词can/may/must +be +done Trees will be planted by them tomorrow.明日，树将被他们种。
A letter was being written by her at this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候一封信正在被写。
The work had been finished by Jim.工作早已经被他达成了。
He can be found by me.他不可以被发现。
2019年中考英语语法专题讲练：陈述句和祈使句讲解附练习(含解析)
陈说句和祈使句陈说句和祈使句知识精讲一、陈说句1.陈说句看法和基本种类陈说句是用来陈说一件事或表达一种见解的句子。
依据句中动词的种类和后接宾语的状况，往常又可将陈说句区分红一下五种形式：种类常有谓语动词例句主语 +不及物动词sleep, walk, happen, The boy slept for a long time.S+Vicome,那个男孩睡了好久。
go, stay, arrive, laugh,等主语 +及物动词 +宾语raise, call, meet, eat, S+Vt+Oleave 等主语 +及物动词 +双宾语give pass, lend, send, S+Vt+O+Oshow,buy, make, find, draw 主语 +及物动词 +宾语 +补make, call, find, have, 语ask,S+Vt+O+C tell, keep, want, hear等Everyone knows the rule.每一个人都知道这个规则。
Tommy gave me a presentyesterday.等汤米昨天送给我一个礼品。
He found the movie interesting.他发现这部电影很存心思。
主语 +系动词 +表语be, become, look, get, Tony felt happy.S+V(系动词 )+Pfeel,托尼感觉很高兴。
see, turn, keep, sound等注： S：主语； Vi ：不及物动词；Vt ：及物动词；P：表语； O：宾语； C：宾语补足语。
2.陈说句的否认构造陈说句的否认一般否认在be 动词，助动词或神态动词上，如：I am not a doctor but a teacher.我不是一名医生而是一个老师。
I haven ’ t finished my homework yet.我还没达成我的作业。
I can ’ t do it by myself.我不可以独立达成。
2019年中考英语语法专题讲练：名词所有格讲解附练习(含解析)
名词全部格名词全部格知识精讲一、名词全部格的观点名词的全部格主假如用来表示名词与名词之间的一种所属关系的，它的中文意思为“ 的”。
名词的全部格有两种形式：’s全部格和of 全部格。
二、’s 全部格‘s全部格一般用于有生命的名词后。
以下表格为用法及例子：用法举例一般状况下在名词词尾加’s Dick ’s car 迪克的汽车以 -s 或 -es 结尾的复数名词在名词词尾students ’ books 学生们的书加’用 and 连结两个并列的单数名词表示共有This is Mary and her sister’s bedroom.关系，只在最后的一个名词后加’s；但在这是玛丽和她姐姐的。
各There are Tom ’s and Mary ’s bags.自拥有时两个名词都在词尾加’s表示所有这些是 Tom和 Mary 的包。
Have you read today ’s newspaper?表示时间，距离，价钱你看今日的报纸了吗？We are going to have a six weeks’ summervacation.我们将有一个为期六周的暑期。
It ’s only half an hour’s drive from hereto thenearest hospital.从这里近来的医院开车仅有半个小时的行程。
I bought 50 dollars’ worth of books.我买了价值50 美元的书。
Children ’s Day 小孩节April Fool ’s Day愚人节Mother’s Day 母亲节Teachers’ Day 教师表示节日节New Year’s Day 新年All Saints ’ Day 万圣节表示商铺，医院，学校，住所及公共建筑at the bookseller ’s 在书店时at the doctor ’s 在医院由 some-, any-, every- 与 -one/-body 结合起来的复合名词，如 someone, everybody 等 somebody else ’s pencil 某人的铅笔和else 连用时，’ s 应加在else 后三、 of 全部格“of+ 名词”一般用来表示无生命的物体间的所属关系，如：the color of the window 窗户的颜色the brake of the bicycle 自行车闸the frame of the photo 相框the title of the article 文章标题注意：在很多状况下，表示人、动物、集体、时间、机构、组织等的名词都能够用of 全部格取代’ s 全部格。
2019年中考英语语法点讲解(推荐)
2019年中考英语语法点讲解(名师点拨中考必考语法知识点,建议背诵学习)(绝对精品文档，对2019年中考很有帮助,价值很高，值得下载背诵) 目录1.中考考点冠词的讲解2.形容词副词的等级变化3.英语中“最”的句型表达4.形容词与副词的区分5.句型not only.....but also 的专项讲解6.主谓一致的专项讲解7.动词的种类8.实义动词的专项讲解9.谓语动词的时态（1）-（6）10.短暂性动词与延续性动词11.时态的综合练习题12.状语从句的讲解（1）-（2）13.谓语动词的语态（1）-（2）14.谓语动词的情态（1）-（2）15.宾语从句（1）语序-（2）连接词-（3）时态1 冠词的专项讲解1.英语试卷的第21题，考查冠词，亘古不变的题型，你次次都做对了吗？简单的能做对，稍微带点坑的都做错。
2.你知道考查冠词的题，到底考查的是哪些知识点吗？考查a与an 的区分；考查a/an 与the 的区分；考查the 与/ 的区分。
情景一：不定冠词 a / an 的区分※泛指，表....中的一个。
用于单数的可数名词前；※a一般用于以辅音因素开始的词前；an 一般用于以元音音素开始的词前；1）26个字母前 a / an 的区分，I i /ai/ , L l /el/, an: A a /ei/, E e /i:/ , F f /ef/, H h /eit∫／/, S s /es/，X x /eks/M m /em/，N n /en/，O o /?u/, R r /ɑ：(标红的均为元音因素) 共12个a: B b /bi:/， C c /si:/, D d /di:/，G g /d3i:/, J j /d3ei/ K k /kei/，P p /pi:/，Q q /kju:/ T t /ti:/，U u /ju:/ V v /vi:/ ，W w /′d?blju:/，Y y /wai/，Z z /zi:/，2) 数字前的区分an eight-year-old boy an eighteenth-meter-long river an eighty-word article an eleven-day holiday.3) 形容词前的词区分an: an interesting film; an exciting news; an important meeting; an unlucky day;.........a: a useful book; a European country; (这里的u和字母u 发音一样，故用a)4) 名词前的区分an : an hour ; an umbrella; an orange.......a : a university (这里的u和字母u 发音一样，故用a)情景二：不定冠词a/an与定冠词the的区分我们来看三道经典例题：例1. --What a heavy rain it was! （泛指：It was a heavy rain. 那是一场大雨。
2019年中考英语语法专题试题(含答案)
2019年山东菏泽市中考英语：代词考点一人称代词、物主代词及反身代词1．人称代词、物主代词及反身代词总表2.人称代词主格用作主语或表语，宾格用作宾语。
要根据题干中的提示词，如mother, father, Lily, Tom等及语境判定应该用哪一人称。
—Where is Dad？爸爸在哪儿？—He is in the garden.他在花园里。
Miss Smith is very kind. We all like her．史密斯小姐非常和蔼，我们都喜欢她。
3．名词性物主代词＝形容词性物主代词＋名词My sister likes painting. It’s one of her hobbies.我妹妹喜欢画画，这是她的爱好之一。
—Is this your bike？这是你的自行车吗？—No, it’s her bike. Mine(＝My bike) is under the tree.不是，是她的自行车。
我的(自行车)在树下。
4．反身代词的固定搭配：enjoy oneself玩得愉快 learn/teach...by oneself自学dress oneself穿衣 help oneself to随便吃些……by oneself独自 for oneself亲自hurt oneself受伤 keep ... to oneself 保守秘密prove oneself证明自己 lost oneself in 沉迷于1．(2018·山东菏泽单县常青学校模拟三)Mom, I’m old enough to washown clothes and . You can have a rest after work.A．my; your B．my; yours C．yours; mine2．(2018·山东济南槐荫一模改编)—Jim, what do you usually do in the evening?—I usually do homework.A．me B．my C．mine3．(2018·山东济南商河二模改编)—Is this your English book?—No. is in my bag.A．My B．Me C．Mine4．(2018·山东菏泽巨野模拟)Jack used to be a teacher in this school, but he gave up job when he went abroad.A．him B．his C．he5．(2018·北京大兴一模改编)My birthday is coming. My parents will givesome nice presents.A．mine B．I C．me6．(2018·江苏南京中考改编)The schools in Qinhuai District will develop the museum courses suitable for children during school time.A．they B．their C．theirs7．(2018·四川南充中考改编)—Is that model plane?—Yes, it’s . My sister sent it to me.A．your; my B．your; mine C．yours; mine考点二指示代词 this/these, that/those1．this和these用于指距离较近的人或事物；that和those用于指距离较远的人或事物。
(广西专版)2019年中考英语复习 第二部分 语法专项突破篇 基础语法(二)代词练习
...(二)代词Ⅰ.单项选择。
人称代词、物主代词及反身代词的辨析(B)1.My bike is old，and I want to ask my parents to buy a new one for ________.A．my B．meC．mine D．I(C)2.Miss Black is very friendly，and ________ all like her.A．us B．ourC．we D．ours(C)3.—Who is singing in the classroom?—________ must be Susan.A．You B．HeC．It D．She(C)4.—Is this Kate's red pen?—No，it's not ________.She only has a black pen.A．ours B．theirsC．hers D．his(A)5.—Are Lucy and Lily ________ friends?—Yes.And ________ are twin sisters.A．your；they B．your；weC．yours；they D．yours；we(D)6.—What do you think of the new mobile phone?—It looks cool and its screen is bigger than ________.A．I B．meC．my D．mine(D)7.Jack played basketball with some friends of ________.A．he B．himC．himself D．his(D)8.He is old enough to go to school by ________.A．him B．heC．his D．himself(A)9.—How was your trip to Wuhan，Tony?—Wonderful！I enjoyed ________ there.A．myself B．yourselfC．himself D．herself(D)e on，boys！Nobody will help us.We have to depend on ________！A．yourself B．myselfC．yourselves D．ourselves(D)11.Kids，don't lose ________ in playing computer games for so long.It's bad for your eyes. A．ourselves B．yourselfC．themselves D．yourselves(B)12.Everyone may make mistakes in life.The most important thing is not to repeat ________.A．it B．themC．him D．her(B)13.Jenny often helps ________ with my English.It's really kind of her.A．I B．meC．my D．mine(D)14.People like taking photos with friends.These photos are ________ good memories.A．they B．themC．theirs D．their(C)15.I wrote to Mr Jackson once or twice，but ________ did not answer.A．you B．sheC．he D．they(C)16.We like watching ping－pong matches，and ________ favourite ping－pong player is Ma Long.A．we B．us C．our D．ours不定代词(C)17.I asked Mike for ________ paper，but he didn't have ________.A．any；some B．any；anyC．some；any D．some；some(D)18.Some young people like to play WeChat when they are free，but ________like to go to the cinema.A．other B．the otherC．another D．others(A)19.—Kate，which of the two hats do you prefer?—________ is OK.I don't like their styles.A．Neither B．BothC．None D．All(D)20.—Wang Yang，can you speak English?—Yes，but only ________.I have worked in New York for only three weeks.A．few B．a fewC．little D．a little(D)21.—Wow！You've got so many skirts.—But ________ of them are in fashion now.A．all B．bothC．neither D．none(C)22.—There are four bedrooms in the house，________with its own shower.—That's what I want.I've got a few kids.A．every B．bothC．each D．either(B)23.Jack and Alan play basketball very well.We hope________ of them can join our team.A．all B．bothC．every D．some(A)24.When I am in a Western restaurant，I always use________ hand to hold the knife and________ hand to hold the fork.A．one；the other B．the other；oneC．another；one D．the other；another(A)25.At present，children mean________ to most parents in China.A．everything B．nothingC．anything D．something(C)26.—Who helped you sweep the classroom yesterday?—________.I did it all by myself.A．Somebody B．AnybodyC．Nobody D．Everybody(C)27.There must be ________ with my computer.It doesn't work.A．anything wrong B．wrong anythingC．something wrong D．wrong something指示代词(B)28.The summer in Dalian is more beautiful than ________ in Jinan.A．this B．thatC．these D．those(A)29.—May I speak to Mr Zhang，please?—________is Zhang Ming speaking.Who's ________？A．This；that B．That；heC．That；that D．This；he(D)30.—Do you know the girls over there?—Yes.________ are members from the dance club.A．This B．ThatC．These D．Those(C)31.—Excuse me.I want to buy some cakes.Where can I find a supermarket?—I know________ not far from here.You can easily find ________.A．it；one B．one；oneC．one；it D．it；it(D)32.Things made by hand are usually more expensive than ________ produced in factories.A．these B．thisC．that D．those疑问代词(C)33.—Wow！How beautiful these flowers are! ________ are they?—Today is your birthday.They are for you，Lily.A．What B．WhichC．Whose D．Who(C)34.—________ is her daughter?—The girl on the right wearing blue jeans.A．Who B．WhatC．Which D．Whose(B)35.—________does your father do?—He is a worker in a factory.A．Which B．WhatC．Who D．WhoseⅡ.词形变换。
山东省2019年中考英语语法专项复习语法二介词语法考点剖析(含答案)
介词语法考点剖析考点一时间介词1．in, on, atin, on, at用法年月周前要用in，具体日子要用on。
at用在时刻前，亦与正午、午夜连。
黎明终止和开端，at与之紧相伴。
今明昨天前后天，上下这那每之前，at, in, on都不填，此乃习惯记心间。
2．during, induring和in都表示一段时间。
但during更加强调时间的延续性，可以表示在一段时间内自始至终的状态。
3．for, sincefor和since表示的时间状语都有延续之意，“for＋时间段”表示“延续多久”，作时间状语时，句子可用过去时、完成时或将来时；since后接表示时间点的短语，意为“自从(过去某时)以来”，说明自过去某时延续至今的一段时间，常与完成时连用。
4．in, afterin和after后都可以接时间段，表示“……(时间)之后”，in用于将来时，after用于过去时。
5．by, beforeby表示“截止……；到……为止”，包括其后的时间；before则表示“在某时之前”，不包括其后的时间。
You should get your homework ready by Friday.你应该最迟于星期五把作业准备好。
(包含星期五) Can you come and meet me before Friday？你能在星期五之前来见我吗？(不包含星期五)1．(2018·山东东营广饶模拟)China's first homebuilt aircraft carrier(航空母舰) hit the water in Dalian the morning of April 26, 2017.A．in B．on C．at D．to2．(2018·山东济南商河二模)We are going to give our English teacher a surpriseTeachers' Day.A．on B．at C．in D．by3．(2018·山东菏泽单县模拟改编)It is believed that December 21st, 1891, the first basketball game in history was played.A．in B．at C．on D．of4．(2018·安徽蚌埠禹会二模改编)Mr.Brown arrived at the airport 5 o'clock on the evening of Saturday.A．in B．on C．at D．of5．(2018·安徽蚌埠怀远检测)—What time do you expect me to finish the task?—Say, two hours.A．before B．at C．for D．in6．(2018·四川内江中考)The accident took place a cold November evening.A．on B．in C．at D．for7．(2018·江苏南京中考)Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon20 July 1969.A．in B．on C．at D．for考点二方位介词1．across, through, pastacross强调从表面横过；through强调从内部穿过；past强调从旁边经过。
2019届中考英语语法强练专讲【第2讲】冠词ppt课件
二、单句改错 1．She likes playing piano instead of playing basketball. playing piano→playing the piano ________________________________
2．I have 3 books.I want to buy the fourth one.
第2讲 冠词
一、用适当的冠词填空
the answer to this question? 1．Could you tell me ________ the 2 ．Pass me ________ dictionary next to the radio, and I also
a need ________ pen to write something.
the rich should help ________ poor.
a 5 ． Jim is now making ________ kite.He's going to fly the kite after lunch. ________ The woman in a purple skirt is Betty's mother. 6．________ a 7．Miss Liu has ________ cold today. an 8．The car can run two kilometers ________ hour. / The Greens are watching ________ 9．________ TV. The the 10．________ earth moves around ________ sun.
2019年中考英语代词语法精讲及练习(带答案)
2019年中考英语代词语法精讲及练习(名师精选全国真题实战训练+答案，值得下载练习)【考点1】人称代词1. 人称代词“群英会”2. 人称代词的主格和宾格的区别1) 人称代词主格作主语；人称代词宾格作宾语，即动词的宾语或介词的宾语。
如：I like table tennis. （作主语）Look at me and tell me the truth. （作宾语）2) 在某些上下文或语境中，人称代词主格与宾格的选择往往与“规定”不符，常见“喧宾夺主”的宾格有：作表语或用在省略句中表示相同的情况时，常用宾格。
---Who is knocking at the door?---It’s me, Mike.表示惊奇、反问、不满、厌烦等情绪。
---Do you have good eyesight, young man?---Me? I can see a sparrow two hundred paces away.无谓语的句子中，独自为大。
---Who can drive a bus?---Me.例题1：( ) Please come in, Alice. Welcome to _________ house.A. herB. hisC. myD. your【答案】C例题2：( ) My father is a good doctor. __________ works hard to help his patients.A. HeB. HimC. HisD. Himself【答案】A例题3：( ) The schools in Qinhuai District will develop the museum courses suitable for children during________ school time.A. theyB. theirC. themD. theirs【答案】B例题4：( ) --- Lucy, go and clean the floor.--- Why ?A. IB. myselfC. meD. my【答案】C3. 人称代词的顺序几个人称代词并列做主语时，它们的顺序是：单数形式（二三一）you, he and I复数形式（一二三）we ,you and they但是当受到批评或时承认错误时正好相反，I 在最前，you 在最后。
2019年中考英语(人教版)八年级上册语法聚焦和练习及答案
2019中考英语人教八上U1—2语法聚焦和练习及答案一、阅读理解。
When I was younger, bedtime was always my favorite part of the day. Wearing soft pajamas and with Lan, my stuffed monkey, in my arms, I felt no pressure at all.I named Lan after my uncle when I compared Lan’s long arms and legs to his. One night I ran up to Uncle Lan at a family party and told him I had named my monkey after him. His eyebrows wrinkled in confusion, then a chuckle（哈哈笑）escaped his lips. I g uess he didn’t understand how important it was to me.Even if Uncle Lan didn’t think my monkey was special, I certainly did. I dressed him in a white baby nightgown. My mother thought that Lan was the best-dressed stuffed animal in the world. Yes, he was certainly a fashionable creature. The strong cologne（科隆香水）I used on him years ago makes him still smell “pretty”.For a long time, Lan went everywhere with me. He was my best friend, and I told him everything. But when I turned twelve, I realized I was too old for stuffed animals. I thought people would think I was babyish, so I put him in the cupboard with the rest of my teddy bears and dolls. I begged him to understand why I was doing this, but at the same time I longed to talk to him again.It took me several years to realize that it was OK to miss Lan. I know now that maturity（成熟）doesn’t only mean growing up and taking on more responsibility. It also means holding on to your childhood and acting young sometimes.Lan has been with me since I was six years old. Holding him in my arms connects me to my past and my present as I continue to grow and understand myself.1. Which of the following is not true according to the text?A. Bedtime used to be the writer’s favourite part of the day because of the stuffed monkey.B. Uncle Lan liked the stuffed monkey as much as the writer.C. The writer used to carry the monkey with her wherever she went.D. Years later the writer realized that it was not wrong to miss Monkey Lan.2. Why did the writer love Monkey Lan deeply?A. He could understand her.B. He was a fashionable monkey.C. He could talk with her.D. He was her most honest listener.3. Why did the writer put the monkey away when he was twelve years old?A. He thought Lan could understand.B. He had some teddy bears and dolls.C. He didn’t talk to Lan.D. He thought people would think he was babyish.4. What did the writer believe?A. keeping stuffed animals is babyish.B. Maturity doesn’t mean growing up and taking on more responsibility.C. One should keep to his childhood and act young sometimes even when he has grown up.D. Human beings should be kind to animals.5. What can we infer from the text?A. The writer is still a teenager.B. The writer is now a middle-aged woman.C. Monkey Lan got angry for being left aloneD. Uncle Lan has a monkey-like face参考答案1. _B__ 2____ D___ 3. ___D___ 4. ___C___ 5_A ___二、教材语法聚焦1. 一般过去时的规则动词和不规则动词(八上Unit 1)【基本用法】规则动词变过去式一般情况下在词尾加-ed, 不规则动词的变化没有规律，需单独记忆。
中考英语动词时态语法真题练习及解析
中考真题：英语动词时态语法第一部分:中考真题第二部分:真题解析1．（2019·邵阳）—Jack, you look more handsome in your new shirt today.—Oh. Really? I ____it in a cheap store with my mom.A．buy B．will buy C．bought 2．（2019·上海）Look! They _____ about the solution to the network problems again.A．argue B．are arguing C．argued D．were arguing 3．（2019·上海）By the end of last month, Jane _____ enough money for the poor sick boy.A．raised B．would raise C．had raised D．has raised 4．（2019·安徽）—It's ten years since we came here—How time flies! We ____ in China for so long.A．work B．worked C．will work D．have worked 5．（2019·达州）—Alex, why didn't you answer my call at nine last night?—Sorry. I ___ my mobile phone at home. I ___ basketball in the park with my friends.A．forgot; played B．forgot; was playingC．left; played D．left; was playing6．（2019·达州）—Jeff, could you tell me if it___ tomorrow. If it ____tomorrow, I will stay at home.—It's reported that it will be sunny, let's go camping on the Fenghuang mountain.A．rain; rain B．rains; rainsC．will rain; rains D．will rain; will rain7．（2019·辽阳）—Did you notice a man passing by?—No, I ________on the phone.A．talk B．am talkingC．was talking D．talked8．（2019·锦州）—Excuse me, when did you leave Jinzhou？—In August, 2017. I _____ for about two years.A．have left B．left C．have been away D．was away 9．（2019·葫芦岛）Lucy ______ her friends the whole morning, but they didn't show up.A．expects B．will expect C．is expecting D．was expecting 10．（2019·本溪）—I went to your home yesterday morning, but you weren't in.—Well, I ______along the river at that time.A．walked B．was walking C．am walking D．have walked 11．（2019·海南）David fell fast asleep while he ______a newspaper.A．reads B．has read C．was reading 12．（2019·长沙）I ________ abroad for several years, but I have never regretted my final decision to move back to my motherland.A．am living B．lived C．have lived 13．（2019·长沙）—I can't find Sarah. Where is she?—She ________ for tomorrow's Xingcheng Cup speaking competition at home.A．prepares B．will prepare C．is preparing 14．（2019·益阳）Susan and her sister ________ some photos in the park the day after tomorrow.A．take B．took C．will take15．（2019·郴州）—Where is Mr. Green?—He ________ the bookshop. You have to wait for him.A．was going to B．has gone to C．has been to 16．（2019·宜昌）—What great progress Huawei ________ in recent years!—No wonder it is widely known in all parts of the world.A．is making B．has made C．makes D．made 17．（2019·咸宁）—Let's go climbing if it ________ this Saturday.—Good idea. But nobody knows if it ________.A．is fine; rains B．is fine; will rainC．will be fine; rains D．will be fine; will rain18．（2019·黄石）In February, Chinese tech company Huawei ________ Mate X, a foldable (可折叠的) 5G mobile phone.A．is introducing B．introduced C．introduces D．was introduced 19．（2019·兰州）Peter with his classmates ________ for the bus when the earthquake happened.A．is waiting B．was waiting C．are waiting D．were waiting 20．（2019·兰州）In the near future, there ________ self-driving cars in our city.A．is B．was C．are D．will be 21．（2019·福建）—Look! My mother ________ a new dress for me.—Wow, it looks very nice on you.A．is making B．has made C．will make 22．（2019·河南）—Jim, could you please answer the question?—Sorry, I ________. Could you say it again?A．wasn't listening B．don't listenC．am not listening D．won't listen23．（2019·温州）—Linda, Dad has finished his work and we ___________ to the gym to pick you up.—Thank you, Mum.A．drive B．drove C．have driven D．are driving 24．（2019·眉山）— Linda has to Paris. How can I get in touch with her?— Don't worry. She will call you as soon as she there.A．been；will get B．been；getsC．gone；will get D．gone；gets25．（2019·眉山）— Your new watch is so nice! When did you buy it?— In October. I it for two months.A．had B．bought C．have had D．have bought 26．（2019·南京）—Wendy, how long have you had the Huawei P30 Pro?—A couple of days. I it last week.A．bought B．buy C．will buy D．have bought 27．（2019·淮安）—What is your mother doing, Linda?—She ___________dinner in the kitchen now.A．is cooking B．was cooking C．cook D．cooking 28．（2019·淮安）—Where are the teachers now?—In the meeting room. They _________ the meeting for 10 minutes.A．have begun B．have been on C．have had D．have been held 29．（2019·襄阳）— Why won't we play basketball with Class 4 this afternoon?— Because they Longzhong for a study trip.A．have gone to B．have been to C．had gone to D．had been to 30．（2019·武汉）She's brought you some eggs. As you know, she ______chickens.A．keeps B．will keep C．has kept D．kept 31．（2019·武汉）I ate some fruit, which I ______ since I was a child, and the vegetables from my garden.A．have enjoyed B．enjoyed C．enjoy D．had enjoyed32．（2019·武汉）He_____ his English teacher when he was sightseeing in Paris.A．has met B．had met C．met D．would meet 33．（2019·南通）—Is everyone here, Jonathan?—No. Sir. Millie is absent. She for two days.A．has fallen ill B．has been ill C．fell ill D．was ill 34．（2018·武威）She _____ an English magazine when I came in.A．reads B．has read C．will read D．was reading 35．（2018·宜宾）— I can't find Jimmy. Where is he?— He in the garden at the moment.A．works B．will work C．is working 36．（2018·重庆）They don't live here any longer. They _______ to Chengdu last month.A．move B．moved C．will move D．are moving 37．（2018·重庆）Listen! Mr. Black _______ a talk on robots in the hall.A．gives B．is giving C．will give D．gave 38．（2018·安徽）Before the sun ______, we need to get to the top of the mountain.A．set B．sets C．is setting D．will set 39．（2018·温州）John _______ so hard on his project that he didn't notice his mom enter the room.A．works B．has worked C．was working D．will work 40．（2018·福建）China great achievements in science and technology since 1978.A．makes B．made C．has made 41．（2018·泰州）—Great changes have taken place in our hometown over the past years.—Yeah. Things ______different when we were young.A．have been B．are C．will be D．were 42．（2018·眉山）—Are you a basketball player in you school?—Yes, I ______the team 3 years ago. I ______in it for 3 years.A．joined, was B．was joined, amC．have joined, have been D．joined, have been43．（2018·凉山）—Did you hear the strange noise next door at around 10 o'clock last night?—No. I my favorite music in my bedroom.A．listen B．listened toC．was listening to D．am listening to44．（2018·凉山）—Paris is a wonderful place.—So it is. I there twice.A．have been B．have gone C．went D．will go 45．（2018·凉山）— Do you know yesterday?—Yes. She was ill in hospital.A．why didn't Jenny go to school B．why doesn't Jenny go to schoolC．why Jenny didn't go to school D．why Jenny doesn't go to school 46．（2018·成都）Yesterday, I the subway home when I suddenly found I was on the wrong line.A．took B．was taking C．had taken 47．（2018·东营）There six countries in SCO(上合组织) at first, but now the number has increased to eight.A．is B．are C．were D．will be 48．（2018·徐州）Linda was busy when I went to see her yesterday. She for an exam.A．will study B．was studying C．has studied D．is studying 49．（2018·无锡）—It's said that drinking coffee __________ cancer. Do I have to give it up?—Relax! Not everything on Wechat is true. In fact, a coffee a day keeps the doctor away.A．causes B．has caused C．caused D．had caused 50．（2018·咸宁）— High-speed trains, Mobile payment, Sharing bikes and Online shopping are called "four new great inventions" of modern China.— They our daily lives more convenient.A．have made B．had made C．have been made D．made答案解析部分1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．C 9．D 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．C 14．C 15．B 16．B 17．B 18．B 19．B 20．D 21．B 22．A 23．D 24．D 25．C 26．A 27．A 28．B 29．A 30．A 31．A 32．C 33．B 34．D 35．C 36．B 37．B 38．B 39．C 40．C 41．D 42．D 43．C 44．A 45．C 46．B 47．C 48．B 49．A 50．A1．（2019·邵阳）—Jack, you look more handsome in your new shirt today.—Oh. Really? I ____it in a cheap store with my mom.A．buy B．will buy C．bought全面解析：——Jack，今天你穿你的新衬衫更帅了。
2019年中考英语语法专题讲练： 人称、物主、反身代词 讲解附练习(含解析)
人称、物主、反身代词一、代词的概念1. 定义：代词是代替名词的一种词类。
大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。
2. 分类：英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词等。
二、人称代词1. 人称代词定义：表示“我，你，他，她，它，我们，你们，他们”的词叫做人称代词。
人称代词分主格和宾格两类，有单、复数之分。
如：We are the best. 我们是最棒的。
Please give us more time to finish it.请给我们更多的时间来完成它。
2. 人称代词形式：人称 代词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 主格 I we you you he she it they 宾格meusyouyouhimheritthem人称、物主、反身代词知识精讲3. 人称代词的用法：1). 主格：做主语。
如：You are good students. 你们是好学生。
2). 宾格：做宾语。
I love you. 我爱你。
如：She is looking at you. 她正在看你。
3). 人称代词的语序：当几个人称代词并列充当主语时，单数形式（二、三、一）You, he and I复数形式（一、二、三）We , you and they第三人称男女两性并用时，男先女后He and she4). it 的用法：(1). 指前文提到过的事物。
如：This isn’t my book. It’s Dufu’s.这不是我的书。
它是杜福的。
(2). 指代时间/季节/天气/距离。
如：Which season is it? 现在是什么季节？It’s spring now. 现在是春天。
What’s the weather like today? 今天天气怎样？It’s hot. 今天很热。
How far is it? 那里有多远？It’s 10 kilometers. 10千米。
2019年中考英语语法专题讲练：时间介词讲解附练习(含解析)
时间介词时间介词知识精讲介词是一种“媒介”词，是用来表示句子中某一个词或短语与此外一个词或短语之间的关系的词。
一、表“在时”的时间介词用法示例in the 20th century, 表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季in the 1950s, in 1989,in节、in summer, in January,月及一般 ( 非特指 ) 的早、中、晚等。
in the morning, in one’sthirtieson May 1st, on Monday,表示详细某一天及对某一天的早、中、晚进行on New Year’s Day,on详尽描绘。
on a cold night,on Sunday afternoon 表示某一详细时辰或钟点，有时也表示在某一at 3:20, at Christmas,at 节假日；若把一段时间看作某一时辰at the beginning of, at night, 也可用 at 。
at noon, at this moment二、常有时间介词辨析1. in和in after 2. since sincefor after用法示例“in +时间段” 表示未来的一段时间此后，用My mother will come back in于将three来时；days.after+ 未来时间点” 表示未来的某一时辰以She will appear after five后, o’clock thisafternoon.用于未来时和 for用法示例表示某动作或状况连续至说话时辰，后接表过 1. They have lived here since 去1978.的句子或许是过去的时间点，往常与达成时连 2. They have lived here since用。
I wasten years old.表示动作连续贯串整个过程，后接时间段，主I have studied English for two 句用达成时。
2019年中考英语语法专题讲练： 定语从句 讲解附练习(含解析)
定语从句一、定义在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前。
引导定语从句的有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that 等和关系副词where, when, why 等，关系代词和关系副词，既起到连接作用，又在定语从句中担任句子成份。
总结定语从句的一般结构为：先行词+关系词+定语从句。
一、关系代词1. 关系代词指代先行词，在从句中作主语，宾语或表语，基本用法如下表： 关系词作用先行词例句who主语/宾语人This is the boy who often helps me. 这就是帮我的那个男孩。
I happened to meet the professor (who/ whom) I got toknow at a party in the shopping center yesterday.昨天在购物中心，我碰巧遇到了那位我在一次聚会上认识的教授。
whom宾语人The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.你等那个人已经回家了。
定语从句知识精讲注意：一般情况下，that既可以指人又可以指物，可以代替who, whom和which，在句子中充当主语，宾语或表语；which指物，在从句中也做主语，宾语或表语，所以which和that在指物时，大多时候可以互换，如：This is the movie that I like best.=This is the movie which I like best.这就是我最喜欢的电影。
2. 关系代词的省略一般情况下，关系代词作宾语时可以省略，但若关系代词在从句中作介词宾语，且介词在关系代词前，不能省略，如：I’ll never forget the day that we spent together.我永远都不会忘记与你共度的时光。
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2019中考英语语法练习——句子讲解与练习（2）及解析——句子考点五：简单句【中考链接】1.（2011四川峨眉）------How much money did she you yesterday?------$500. I told him I would return it to her in three weeks.A giveB borrowC lendD make2.（2011铜仁）— What does your English teacher look like?—She’s tall and thin ________ long hair.A. haveB. hasC. there isD. with3.（2011江苏无锡）We felt ________ when Liu Xiang won the first prize again in the race.A. braveB. proudC. successfulD. worried4.（2011广东肇庆市）----- Your classroom is very clean.----- Yes, it ______ every day.A. is cleanedB. cleansC. is cleaning5.（2011河南省）I have some problems with my English writing. Can you give me some________?A. adviceB. decisionsC. informationD. messages【考点点拨】简单句就是只有一个主谓结构旳句子。
简单句有五种基本类型：1.主语+连系动词+表语（S+V+P）。
2.主语+不及物动词（S+V）。
3.主语+及物动词+宾语（S+V+O）。
4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（S+V+IO+DO）。
5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语（S+V+O+C）。
考点六：并列句【中考链接】1.（2011广西来宾市The bell is ringing. Hurry up, ________ you’ll be late for class!A. andB. butC. whileD. or2.（2011黑龙江齐齐哈尔市）Jack likes reading a newspaper he is having breakfast.A. whileB. andC. because3.（2011江苏无锡）______ Amy likes to g o to the cinema, but she doesn’t like to see horror films.A. SinceB. AsC. ThoughD. 不填【考点点拨】由并列连词把两个或两个以上旳简单句连接起来旳句子叫并列句。
常见分类：1.表示同等、平行或承接关系，常用连词and，both...and，not only...but also...，neither...nor...，as well as等。
2.表示转折关系，常用连词but，yet(然而)，however(然而)，while(而)等。
3.表示选择关系，常见连词or，not...but...(不是……而是……)，either...or...(要么……要么……)等。
4.表示因果关系，常见连词as，for(因为)，so等。
考点七：状语从句【中考链接】1.（2011遵义）My father spends much money on books,________ he’s not rich.A. butB. becauseC. even though2.（2011广西来宾市）My sister isn’t in. ________ she comes back, I’ll let her call you back.A. WhileB. UntilC. BeforeD. When3.（2011黔西南）_________many children like KFC, I think they'd better try not to eat it too often.A. BecauseB. WhenC. AlthoughD. If4.（2011黑龙江牡丹江市）—Could you tell me _______ to see me next week?—I'm not sure. If I'm free, I will.A. if you will comeB. how you will comeC. whether you would come5.（2011黑龙江齐齐哈尔市）. Mr. Green speaks very loudly_____all the people can hear him clearly.A. so thatB. whenC. because【考点点拨】在主从复合句中作状语旳句子叫状语从句。
根据意义上旳不同，状语从句可分为：1.时间状语从句：其引导词为when，while，before，after，until，since，as soon as。
2.条件状语从句：其引导词为if，unless，as long as。
3.目旳状语从句：其引导词为so that，in order that。
4.让步状语从句：其引导词为though/although，even if，whatever，wherever，whenever。
5.原因状语从句：其引导词为because，since，as，for。
6.结果状语从句：其引导词为so...that，such...that。
考点八：宾语从句【中考链接】1. （2011安徽芜湖）—Could you tell me _________?— You can take No. 16 bus.A. how can we get to the Olympic ParkB. how we can get to the Olympic ParkC. how did we get to the Olympic ParkD. how we got to the Olympic Park2. （2011遵义）.—Tom! Look at the man in black over there. Can you tell me ________?—Oh! He is my friend, Jim.A. what he isB. who he isC. how he is3. （2011黔西南）—Could you tell me________？— He is in his office.A. where Nick wasB. where is NickC. where was NickD. where Nick is4. （2011黑龙江齐齐哈尔市）—Do you know_____ the girl in white is?—I’m not sure. Maybe she is a doct or.A. howB. whereC. what5. （2011湖北孝感市）I want to know ______ for the class yesterday morning.A. why did you come lateB. why you came lateC. why do you come lateD. why you come late【考点点拨】在主从复合句中作宾语旳句子叫宾语从句。
在考试中常从以下四个方面考查宾语从句：1.时态：（1）主句是现在时，从句根据实际情况使用相应时态。
（2）主句是过去时，从句使用过去时旳某种时态。
（3）从句表示旳客观现实、真理、自然现象等，不管主句使用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。
2. 语序：从句一律用陈述语序，即主语+谓语。
3. 连接词：（1）that在从句中作宾语时可以省略；作主语时不能省略。
（2）What，when，where，How，whatever，whenever，wherever，who，whom，whose等特殊疑问词作连接词。
（3）当宾语从句由一般疑问句变化而来时，连接词用whether或if，表示否定。
4. 标点符号：依主句而定。
主句为问句，结尾用问号；主句为陈述句，结尾用句号。
考点九：定语从句【中考链接】1. （2011黑龙江牡丹江市）The Palace Museum is the best place _______I've ever visited. Thereare many old things in itA. whoB. thatC. where2. （2011湖北襄阳市）---Do you know the man ____________ is reading the book over there?---Yes, he’s Mr. Green, our PE teacher.A. whichB. whatC. whomD. who3. （2011湖南岳阳市）I can't forget the time the earthquake happened in Yushu.A. whenB. whichC. where4. （2011江苏常州市/江苏镇江市）—Would you like some fried rice?—I would rather eat noodles _________ have beef in them.A. thatB. thanC. whatD. as5. （2011浙江杭州市）Who is the man ______ is reading a book over there?A. thatB. whichC. whoseD. what【考点点拨】在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中某一名词或代词旳从句叫定语从句；定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句；含有定语从句旳复合句基本结构是：先行词+关系词+定语从句；引导定语从句旳关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。
引导定语从句旳关系代词是that, which, who, whom, whose; 关系副词是when, where, why;他们旳基本用法如下：1. 关系代词：指人在句中作主语用who/that，作宾语用who/whom/that，作定语用whose；指物在句中作主语用which/that，作宾语用which/that，作定语用whose。