2019年中考英语话题阅读理解专项练习 饮食与健康(含答案)
饮食与健康
一、阅读理解（共20小题；共40分）
A
Healthy eating doesn't just mean what you eat, but how you eat. Here is some advice on healthy eating.
Eat with others. It can help you to see others' healthy eating habits. If you usually eat with your parents, you will find that the food you eat is more delicious.
Listen to your body. Ask yourself if you are really hungry. Have a glass of water to see if you are thirsty—sometimes you are just thirsty, you need no food. Stop eating before you feel full.
Eat breakfast. Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. After you don't eat for the past ten hours, your body needs food to get you going. You will be smarter after eating breakfast.
Eat healthy snacks like fruits, yogurt or cheese. We all need snacks sometimes. In fact, it's a good idea to eat two healthy snacks between your three meals This doesn't mean that you can eat a bag of chips instead of a meal.
Don't eat dinner late. With our busy life, we always put off eating dinner until the last minute. Try to eat dinner at least 3 hours before you go to bed. This will give your body a chance to digest most of the food before you rest for the next 8-10 hours.
1. The writer gives us pieces of advice on healthy eating.
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 7
2. Which snack is Not mentioned in the passage?
A. Fruits.
B. Yogurt.
C. Chips.
D. Ice cream.
3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Snacks are bad for our health.
B. We should keep eating until we are full.
C. Dinner is the most important meal of the day.
D. We should have dinner at least 3 hours before going to bed.
4. The underlined(画线) word “digest” means “” in Chinese.
A. 消化
B. 享用
C. 储存
D. 循环
5. The passage mainly tells us .
A. where to eat
B. how to eat
C. why to eat
D. when to eat
B
You may not have heard the words "freshman fifteen" before, but they are important for students who are entering university. A freshman is a first-year college student. "Fifteen" means fifteen pounds—the fifteen pounds added to a student's weight in his or her first year. There are a number of reasons why first-year university students gain(获得) weight; but it's encouraging to know that freshman don't have to add these harmful(有害的) fifteen pounds.
Mistakes choosing food
University kitchens serve many kinds of food. Some students choose unhealthy food, because now their parents are not nearby(在身边) to help them choose. Some students visit the kitchen many times while studying. Late at night, some students get harmful fast food such as hamburgers. Students also have less time for walking, running, and doing sports because of their schoolwork.
Eating right
If you're careful, you don't have to add fifteen pounds. Here are some ideas.
● Think more about what you eat.
● Eat plenty of vegetables and healthy meat.
● Don't eat de sserts(甜点) full of sugar; have fruit after dinner.
● Try not to eat so much junk food (垃圾食品) while you study.
● It's all right to have a little fast food sometimes—but not often.
● Write down the food you eat.
● Walk, run, d o sports—Move and you will feel better!
Remember that the "freshman fifteen" can happen to anyone. Talk to your friends about it. Together, try to eat healthy food and not eat junk food. Walking, running, and playing sports is always more fun with friends. Help each other and you can have a healthy and happy freshman year.
6. The main idea of this reading is to .
A. get students ready to gain fifteen pounds
B. sell healthy food to new students
C. help new university students not to gain fifteen pounds
D. show the mistakes students make in choosing food
7. The "freshman fifteen" is .
A. weight that high school students can gain at school
B. fifteen pounds of food that first-year students eat
C. weight that first-year university students can gain
D. fifteen students who eat junk food at university
8. Which of these ideas about eating right is not talked about in the reading?
A. Eating vegetables.
B. Mixing(混合) vegetables and fruits.
C. Having a little fast food.
D. Writing down the food.
9. Students eat unhealthy food because .
A. their parents aren't nearby to help
B. they want to save more money
C. they don't want to eat while they study
D. they don't like to eat desserts
10. The writer of the passage would probably agree that .
A. think little about what you eat
B. students can eat whatever they like
C. gaining fifteen pounds can help you study better
D. friends can help you to eat right and live happily
C
Sometimes it may seem difficult to improve our health. If so, the following health habits may help you.
Eat breakfast every morning.
Research shows that if you eat a meal in the morning you may not become too fat or eat too much during lunch. Eating breakfast can help people feel better through the day.
Get enough sleep.
Poor sleep can influence our memory and learning. It can also cause traffic accident! Studies show that people who don't get enough sleep seem to get into more accidents. So stay safe and get enough sleep!
Take a walk every day.
Walking is an easy way to exercise. You'd better meet friends for a walk, not for a meal. As you walk, you will see the beautiful world around you. Once you try, you will find that adding a walk into your daily life is very easy.
Join social groups.
Social groups can provide support. They might include sport teams, art or music groups. The people in the group can offer advice and can help each other in difficult times. Also, being in a group keeps your mind busy. An active mind is a healthy mind!
Have a hobby.
A hobby could be running, reading or making something with your hands. Hobbies help people to relax and rest. Hobbies bring us joy as well.
11. You may have a good memory and learn better if you .
A. eat breakfast every morning
B. have a good sleep
C. take a walk every day
D. join a social group
12. If you need help and want to help others, you'd better .
A. invite your friend to a meal
B. make something with your friends
C. become a member of a social group
D. have a hobby
13. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. If you have breakfast every morning, you'll be fat.
B. All the traffic accidents are caused by poor sleep.
C. To join a social group helps you have a healthy mind.
D. Having a hobby is the best way to relax.
14. The passage is mainly written for .
A. students at school
B. people who don't like running
C. students who never have breakfast
D. people who want to improve health
15. Which is the best title(标题) of the passage?
A. Ways to Improve Your Health
B. Reasons for Keeping healthy
C. Good Habits
D. Breakfast and Exercise
D
This March (2013), the H7N9 virus(病毒) hit Shanghai, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and so on. It seemed that most people who were infected(被感染) with H7N9 had the common flu. Some people suffered from a fever or a cough.
Don't be afraid—it's not easy to be infected with the virus. Here is some advice to help you protect yourself when it comes.
Wash your hands. You need to wash your hands with soap and hot water before you eat, after you use the toilet, and after you touch animals, because your hands may carry viruses.
Cover your nose and mouth. When someone sneezes(打喷嚏) or coughs, flu viruses can travel as far as one meter through the air, so you'd better stand a proper distance(距离) while talking to someone who has a cold. And always cover your mouth and nose with a piece of paper when you sneeze or cough, and then clean your hands.
Wear a mask(口罩). Some doctors say that masks can stop the flu as much as 80%, but if you don't wash your hands often, it's no use wearing a mask. And it's necessary to wear the mask in the groups of people.
Do sports often. Exercises will help make your body strong enough to resist the virus.
16. When did the H7N9 virus hit Shanghai?
A. In March, 2013.
B. In May, 2013.
C. In March, 2012.
17. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Some people who were infected with the H7N9 virus had a toothache.
B. You should cover your mouth and nose with a piece of paper when you sneeze or cough.
C. Some doctors say that masks can stop the flu as much as 100%.
18. How many ways to stop the virus are mentioned in the passage?
A. Three.
B. Four.
C. Five.
19. What does the underlined word "resist" mean in Chinese?
A. 抵抗
B. 传播
C. 感染
20. What's the main idea of this passage?
A. It tells us how to wash hands.
B. It tells us why we should use masks.
C. It gives us some advice on how to protect ourselves when the H7N9 virus comes.
二、阅读与表达(混合式)（共10小题；共10分）
A
Everyone wants(想) to be healthy. You know food is very important. There is lots of healthy food. You can have more bananas, apples, oranges, 1.西红柿和土豆, because fruit and vegetables are good for you. But don't eat too much candy. It's not 2. (health) food. Healthy food can make you grow(成长) and make you 3.strong and happy. Remember there is a saying(谚语), "4.An apple a day keeps the doctor away." Sports can also keep you healthy. Get up early (早起床) and do some sports every day. Don't be lazy(懒惰的)! You will be healthy and happy.
21. 将1处画线部分翻译成英语
22. 用2处括号内单词的适当形式填空
23. 短文中3处画线单词的汉语意思是.
A. 矮小的
B. 不健康的
C. 软弱的
D. 强壮的
24. 短文中4处画线句子可翻译为:
A. 一天让医生吃一个苹果。
B. 一天一苹果，医生远离我。
C. 让医生每天都远离苹果。
D. 为了健康,我们应该让医生给我们苹果吃。
25. Why(为什么) is healthy food good for you?
A. It makes us happy.
B. It makes us grow.
C. It makes us grow and makes us strong and happy.
D. It makes us get up early.
B
Each of us wants to be in good health, but not all of us know how to stay health.
Try to do these:
● Remember not to sleep too much or too little. Eight to nine hours every night is just OK.
● Drink six to eight glasses of water every day.
● Don t forget to eat breakfast. Breakfast is very imp ortant to us. Try to eat different kinds of food to get enough vitamins(维生素). So we should eat more vegetables and fruit.
● Exercise is good for our health. Try to exercise for an hour every day such as running and swimming.
● Have a good r est for thirty minutes or more long time hard work. And you may do something different to have a rest. And Listen to music is a good choice.
If you do as the above, you can become stronger.
任务一：简略回答问题。
26. How many ways does this passage mention to stay healthy?
任务二：判断正误，正确的为T，错误的为F。
27. If you eat vegetables and fruit, you can get enough vitamins.
任务三：在文中空白处填上合适的关联词，使语句完整。
28.
任务四：将文中划线部分的句子译为汉语。
29.
任务五：给短文拟一个合适的题目。
30. What is the best title of this passage?
三、选词填空(短文选词填空)（共20小题；共20分）
A
be clothwhen on together
Dinner, for English people, is the richest meal of the day and is a very formal
31. . Many people even wear special 32. for dinner, so if you are asked out to dinner you 33. find out whether you are expected to wear a dinner suit; for you will feel very upset if you 34. the only person in ordinary clothes 35. you get there. Dinner is generally served at about half past seven. All the members of the family sit down 36. and eat on their best behavior(举止). The head of the family sits at one end of the table, and 37.
wife sits at the other. If there is a guest, he generally sits in the place of honor (贵宾座), which is at the right of the lady of the house. 38. there are several guests, the most 39. is asked to sit there. During the meal conversation is carried on, you should try to get in conversation with the person 40. your right or left, but you should not try to talk to someone who is a long way from you.
B
What are headaches? What 41. them? And when should you go 42.
a doctor? A headache is a 43. in your head. It's not a disease itself, but it may show that something is wrong 44. your health. Usually a fever will cause a headache. You might 45. a headache when you work too 46.
or when you don't get 47. sleep. You can also get a headache when you exercise 48. a long time 49. an empty stomach. If you get headaches often, you 50. to see doctor.
答案
一、阅读理解
1. B
2. D
3. D
4. A
5. B
6. C
7. C
8. B
9. A 10. D
11. B 12. C 13. D 14. D 15. A 16. A 17. B 18. B 19. A 20. C
二、阅读与表达(混合式)
21. tomatoes and potatoes 22. healthy 23. D
24. B 25. C 26. Five.
27. T 28. after
29. 我们每个人都想身体健康，但并不是每个人都知道怎样保持（健康）。
30. How to Keep Healthy
三、选词填空(短文选词填空)
31. meal 32. clothes 33. must 34. are 35. when
36. together 37. his 38. If 39. important 40. on
41. causes 42. to see 43. pain 44. with 45. get
46. hard 47. enough 48. for 49. on 50. need
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