多维教程·熟谙-课文翻译(1-5)

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多维教程熟谙课后题答案

多维教程熟谙课后题答案

Book IIUnit 1A.1.asses‎s the respo‎n sibi‎l ity2.allia‎n ce 联姻3.outco‎m e4.no more hones‎t or ethic‎a l5.ident‎i ty6.ambig‎u ous意‎义含糊的7.toler‎a ble可‎忍受的8.parti‎c ipat‎e s参与9.pursu‎i t10.const‎r ucti‎v e建设性‎的B.1.at stake‎危急关头2.were oblig‎e d被迫3.the clima‎t e of气氛4.feel well-equip‎p ed to answe‎r such quest‎i ons5.beyon‎d my grasp‎超出我的理‎解6.cut back消‎减,缩短7.other‎than除‎了8.rise above‎克服9.care about‎关心10.is bound‎e d被包围‎C.1.incom‎p eten‎t没有能力‎2.indul‎g ence‎of drive‎rs纵容,爱好3.the flood‎of migra‎n ts候鸟‎4.in all three‎ probe‎s探讨pl‎e x 复杂的mecha‎n i sm6.suspe‎n se悬念‎; engag‎e d战线pa‎s sion‎a te有同‎情心的; commi‎t ted忠‎诚的8.toler‎a nt9.tempt‎e d想要10.inter‎c onne‎c ted互‎相联系D.1. A. Judgi‎n g from2. B. in which‎3. C. and4. D. belie‎v e5. A. is one of/ is that of6. B. must get7. C. likel‎y8. D. unemp‎l oyed‎9. C. as well as/ and10.B. simpl‎e rE. 1.what2.gradu‎a tion‎3.inten‎d4.getti‎n g5.event‎u ally‎6.surve‎y7.altho‎u gh8.gradu‎a tes9.trans‎f er10.rise11.atten‎d ing12.inste‎a d13.cause‎14.becau‎s e15.atten‎d ing16.below‎17.failu‎r e18.expec‎t atio‎n s19.confi‎d ence‎ca‎t ionKey to the trans‎l atio‎n from Engli‎s h to Chine‎s e:1.德.汤说过,一切进步,一切发展均‎来自挑战及‎由此引起的‎反应。

多维教程熟谙_Unit_2_段落大意_summary

多维教程熟谙_Unit_2_段落大意_summary
❖ 4. and do the exercises of the text to consolidate the ss’ learning.
I. Text analysis: Macro-analysis
❖ 1. Style: argumentation
❖ 2. Coherence: Logical connection
❖ [c]. (para.s 16 -18) Establish and maintain family harmony
❖ [d]. (para.s 19 - 22) Plan the estate
❖ Part 3: (paras23---25): Par.23: Transitional par.; conclusion: Necessity to start planning for wealth transfer in a comprehensive manner right now
❖ Part 2: (para.s 5 - 22: body) Four “must” elements of family business transfer
❖ [a]. (para.s 5 - 9) Plan a takeover / succession management
❖ [b]. (para.s 10 -15) Define family employment practices
❖ II. Introduction to the Text

North America, Asia and Western Europe have
been undergoing an entrepreneurial renaissance. The

研究生英语多维教程课后翻译(全)

研究生英语多维教程课后翻译(全)

Unit oneTranslation and WritingAIn the past, when explorers or merchants went out into the world to find new lands or markets or sources of raw materials, they often did not share a language with the people with whom they came into contact. When this situation was encountered, one of three solutions was adopted: (1) the foreigners learned the language of their host (or vice versa), (2) they used some third language commonly employed in the region for trading purposes, or (3) a new language emerged, made up of elements from the various native languages of its users. Language that are used for communication among speakers of different language used in the Mediterranean region and based largely on Romance languages (Italian, French, and Spanish) but also containing elements of Greek, Arabic, and Turkish. In the modern world, it is fair to say that English is the most important lingua franca, since it is used as a means of communication between large numbers of people who do not otherwise share a common language.在过去,当探险者或商人们走出家园到外面的世界去寻找新的领地、市场或原材料资源时,他们通常与跟他们打交道的当地人说的不是同一种语言。

研究生英语系列教程多维教程熟谙正文翻译及课后练习参考答案

研究生英语系列教程多维教程熟谙正文翻译及课后练习参考答案

Unit3 美国人的酷爱我父亲是别克人。

在经济大萧条以前,他本是史达兹人。

然而,就像成千上万经济状况处于上升阶段的有车族一样,那场可悲的经济逆转使他们非得调整对汽车的胃口不可。

到他死的时候,他开过的那些别克轿车就不只是普通意义上的交通工具了,而且将父亲定位于这样的社会阶层——比庞蒂亚克人富有,但比不上克迪拉克人。

拥有别克轿车让人一看便知父亲的社会地位。

与别克人相当的还有福特人和克莱斯勒人。

我们美国人与汽车的特殊缘分,其坚实的基础就在于对一种轿车品牌的忠诚,这种忠诚因其来之不易而倍受珍惜。

·这就是爱吗?也许用词过分,可美国人对这些机器的尊重甚过所有其他机器——不仅将它们视为20世纪雕塑大观中的标志,而且还将它们视为社会的护身符。

我记忆中的第一辆别克车是一辆闪闪发亮的黑色轿车,椅子的衬垫是厚厚的马海毛,离合器拉杆是新式的。

我父亲爱吹嘘说这辆车一小时能跑120英里。

一想到这样的速度就会令男人们兴奋不已。

我照着家里的菲尔可牌收音机盒里播出的格林,霍利特驾驶的那个神秘机器的名字,给这头漂亮的牲口取了个名副其实的绰号——黑美驹。

20世纪中,电话、电视或者个人电脑,这一切都使人类环境发生了巨大变化。

然而,与电话、电视、电脑不同的是,汽车却享有人格化的地位。

有些汽车可以成为家庭成员,机械宠物。

我们给汽车起名字,在自己·家的车道上精心打扮汽车,在汽车不能满足我们的需要时诅咒它们。

在折旧换新之时为旧车的离去而悲哀。

人们对汽车的热爱让环境保护者、安全为重的倡导者以及社会工程师们感到不安。

他们认为通往人间天堂的道路应该到处都铺设公交运输所必备的发亮轨道。

他们想象着我们加入未来拥挤不堪的自行车行列,而不是像一位激动不已的评论家所预见的那样,坐在“傲慢的双轮马车”方向盘后。

这种态度不是现在才有的。

首先是铁路,接着是汽车造成的人口流动早已使得守旧的特权阶层感到不安。

在战场上有过辉煌,但却以鄙视下层民众而出名的威林顿公爵在150年前就曾反对英国发展铁路,这是因为火车只会怂恿普通人毫无意义地到处走动。

研究生英语多维教程第一册听力原文Chapter 1-2

研究生英语多维教程第一册听力原文Chapter 1-2

研究生英语——多维教程——熟谙第一册原文TypescriptChapter 1 Learning to Listen1. Using What You Already KnowExercise 1Student: Excuse me.Counselor: Yes?Student: Do I need to make an appointment to register for an ESL class?Counselor: No, but you first have to take a placement test.Student: A test?Counselor: We need to find out what your ESL level is.Student: Oh, Okay. Where do I go to take the test?Counselor: We will be giving the test tomorrow at 3 o’clock in room 303. Can you come then? Student: Yes.Counselor: Good. Now, let me give you some forms to fill out so we can begin the registration process. Please write your name and address here, and your ID number here.Student: Okay. What do I write under teacher and section?Counselor: You can leave those blan k. We’ll fill it in tomorrow.Exercise 2Student A: I didn’t really understand what Ms. Smith was saying about the id, the superego and the ego.Student B: Oh, that’s easy. Look here on page 53. The id is the part of our personality that wants instant gratification. The ego tries to help the id get what it wants, but in a logical and practical way. The superego is like the personality’s police force. It monitors the id and the ego.Student A: Oh, I think I’m getting it. You mean the id, ego and superego are all part of our personality?Student B: Right. They are all interacting.Student A: Do you think we’ll need to give definitions?Student B: I don’t know. We may just have to match the names with the definitions. But we’d better study this some more just to be safe.2. Scanning for the Main IdeaExercise:A: I can’t believe it’s closed. I’ve got a class from 7 o’clock to 10 o’clock. What am I going to do? B: Well, there are some food machines in the Student Union. You could always go there.A: No way! I tried that once last semester and I got as s ick as a dog. There’s got to be something better.B: Well, we can go down to Main Street. There are a couple of places that I’m sure are open.A: We’d never make it back in time. It’s already 6:40. I think I’ll pass out if I don’t get something.I came her e right from work. I didn’t have time to stop by my apartment.B: I think there’s a stand in front of Smith Hall. You can at least get something warm there.A: Well, I guess we don’t have any other choice.B: Yeah, it’s either the canteen or three hours of listening to your stomach growl.3. Scanning for the Important PointsExercise:●Teacher: Good evening class. Before we begin tonight’s lesson. I want to remind you aboutnext Thursday’s midterm. Remember to review chapters one through eight in the book. You will be responsible for knowing all of the information in the chapters plus all of the other topics we have discussed in class. This test will include multiple choice, True/False, and essay questions. You will not be able to use any books, notes or dictionaries.●Now, last week, I spoke about the importance of using note cards and visual aids to prepareyour speeches. Tonight I’m going to talk about specific things that will help you with your speech delivery. Please take careful notes so you can use those techniques to improve your speech delivery.The first and perhaps the most important element of good speech delivery is eye contact. It is extremely important, especially in the English-speaking world, to make eye contact with your entire audience. This may be very difficult for you if you come from a culture where making direct eye contact is a sign of disrespect. But, you really need to practice this skill until you are comfortable looking directly at all of your audience members when you are speaking to them. Please note that you need to look at the entire audience. Please don’t direct your attention to just one person or one side of the room, and really be sure not to stare into the eyes of anyone for too long of a period.●Next, you need to make sure that when you talk to your audience, you are enthusiastic aboutyour topic and excited to share it with your audience. Vitality is a way of maintaining the audience’s attention and indicating to them that you firmly believe in what you are saying.V olume, intonation, facial expressions, and gestures all add to the vitality of your speech.Think abut a speaker you really liked. Did he or she just stand there and read words from a piece of paper? No, of course not. Probably the speaker was full of life and his or her energy forced you into becoming involved in caring about the topic of the speech.4. Inferencing (Making Intelligent Guesses)Exercise:Dr. Stevens: Ted, can I speak to you a minute?Ted: Yes, Doctor Stevens?Dr. Stevens: I finished reading your essay and before I return it to you, I was hoping you might be able to come in and speak with me about it.Ted: Oh, uh, okay, sure.Dr. Stevens: Can you come during my office hours?Ted: I think so. When are they again?Dr. Stevens: Tuesdays and Thursdays from 3 o’clock until 4:30.Ted: That’s no problem. Oh, wait a minute, I have football practice every day from 2 o’clock until 5 o’clock.Dr. Stevens: Hmm. Well, how about if we get together tomorrow right before class?Ted: Sure.5. Scanning for Specific Pieces of InformationExercise:You have reached the Student Union Activity Hotline. The following is a list of information and events for Thursday, September 18.The Student Union is open from 7:00 a.m. until 11:30 p.m. The cafeteria will be serving breakfast from 7 o’clock until 8:30, lunch from 11 o’clock until 1 o’clock, and dinner from 5 o’clock until 7 o’clock, The snack bar will be open from 9:00 a.m.—8:00 p.m.Assembly member Carole Berg will be speaking on the topic: “Parity pay for Women: It’s St ill Not Here.” Assembly woman Berg will speak in the Oak Room from 9 o’clock. Admission is free, and a question/answer period will follow.The Student Council will meet in room 27 from noon until 1:30. Elections will be held for all major offices. All students are welcome.The campus folk dance club meets in the Green Room from 2 o’clock until 5 o’clock today. All are welcome to attend; dance experience is not necessary.Bette Milder will be performing live in the Campus Corner Cabaret. The show begins at 8 o’clock. Tickets are available at the Ticket Office. All seats are $7.00.Tonight’s movie, the experimental “Dial Tones,” will be shown in the Union theater at 7:00 and 9:00 p.m. Tickets for both shows are $5.00 and are available at the ticket office.If you have missed anything on this recording, please press the pound key for the message to repeat. Thank you for calling the Student Union.6. Using Context CluesExercise 1A: Let’s exchange phone numbers. That way, if one of us is absent, we can call eac h other for the homework assignments.B: That’s a great idea. My number is 555---A: Wait a second, this pen just died. Let me get another one.B: Here, take my pencilA: Thanks. Okay, what was it?Exercise 21. Sentence: H e’s a real stickler.A: Who’s you r history professor?B: I’m in Dr. Leydorf’s class.A: Oh, How is he?B: The class is interesting and I really like him, but he’s a real stickler. If you’re more than fifteen minutes late, he marks you absent, and you have to hand in every assignment on time or he lowers your grade.A: Ooh! He sounds really tough.2. Sentence: you could have knocked me over with a feather!A: How did you do on your composition?B: Oh, you won’t believe it. I hadn’t worked on it very long and I didn’t have time to check it o ver. When the teacher returned it to me with an “A” on it, you could have knocked me over with a feather!A: Wow. That’s great. You must be really smart.B: Or else just lucky.3. Sentence: I’ve got to cram for a test.A: Let’s go to a movie tonight.B: So rry, I’ve got to cram for a test tonight. I haven’t had a chance to study before now.A: Well, how about going to the late show?B: No, I’m going to need a good night’s sleep. I want to make sure that I’m ready for the test.4. Sentence: Let’s get cracking.A: All right. We promised each other we’d get this report done today. Let’s get cracking.B: Aw, it’s such a beautiful day. Can’t we go for a walk and do this later?A: No, we’ll need to return these books to the library by five o’clock. We really have t o do this now.5. Sentence: Fat chance.A: Gee. It’s already a quarter after ten. Maybe Ms. Hughes is absent today.B: Fat chance. She’s never been absent a day in her life. I was in her class last year and she even came in when she had the flu.A: Well I guess she really loves teaching. Oh, here she comes now.7. Using Structure and Intonation CluesUsing StructureExercise 11. I’m taking Biology 101 this semester.2. I’m going to the Student Union at 7:00.3. We’re discussing parapsychological phenomena.4. When are you returning to the computer lab?5. We’re meeting with Dr. Stevens at the end of the lesson.Exercise 21.I am transcribing my sociology notes.2.John is defending his dissertation on Tuesday.3.We are forming a study group on the first day of class.4.I’m applying for financial aid to help pay my tuition and expenses.5.Ms. Wilson is correcting our essays over the weekend.Exercise 31.The professor is coming.2.The professor is coming in a little while.3.The Shakespeare Theater Group is performing Romeo and Juliet on the 17th.4.The Shakespeare Theater Group is performing Romeo and Juliet.5.The campus bookstore is having a big sale on all college sweatshirts.6.The campus bookstore is having a big sale on all college sweatshirts during Spring Break.Using Intonation CluesExercise1.I really wanted the new David Sedaris book. The professor in my contemporary lit classpraised it all last semester. The bookstore hasn’t been able to get a single copy for the last month. Oh, well. Maybe I can find a copy on .2.I used the new computer registration system to charge my tuition on my credit card, and theytotally messed it up. They were supposed to charge me $500 for the two art classes, and instead, it says that I’m enrolled in three history classes to the tun e of $900. This is ridiculous!3.Today is my graduation day. I am done! Now, I can finally spend my weekends doingsomething other than cramming for exams and writing term papers. Yippee!4.This schedule is baffling. It says that English 90 is offered at both the midtown and downtowncampuses, but the times are vague. Look here; does this nine mean AM or PM? Hmm, I’m stumped.5.Oh yeah. I absolutely recommend professor Ponz. She’s a real dilly, let me tell you. If youenjoy writing endless term papers on meaningless subjects, participating in class activities that have zero relevance to the topic of the course, she’s the teacher for you!Chapter TwoPart Two Main DialogueDenise: Excuse me, miss, how much does it cost to ride BART?Stranger: Well, that depends on your destination. From here to Glen Park it’s only a dollar ten, but if you go as far as Fremont, it costs a lot more.Tom: We’re going to Berkeley. Do you know what the fare is?Stranger: There are two stations in Berkeley. Which one are you interested in?Denise: Oh, gee, I’m not sure. We’re from out of town. We’re visiting my sister. She told me her house is just a stone’s throw from the UC Berkeley campus. Which station is that?Stranger: The downtown Berkeley station is really close to the university. I’m sure that’s the one you want.Denise: Tom, are you going to remember this, or should I be jotting this down?Tom: What is there to write down, Denise? The woman is giving us very simple directions. So, how much is the fare to downtown Berkeley?Strang er: Let’s go take a look at the map over there. You see, the map shows you how much it costs to go from one station to another. Ah, there it is: two dollars and sixty-five cents.Tom: Two sixty-five? That’s highway robbery for such a short distance!Denise: You think that’s expensive? Tom from our house to Amherst it costs twice as much as that. Tom: Yeah, but that’s an hour ride. You really get your money’s worth.Stranger: Yeah…Uh…Well, did your sister explain which train to take?Tom: Berkeley. We take the Berkeley train to Berkeley, right?Stranger: Well, no actually. That’s just one stop on the Richmond line. Here, let me show you on this map. Here we are a t Powell Street in San Francisco, and it’s basically a straight shot on the Richnond line to the downtown Berkeley station.Denise: Yes, my sister said we wouldn’t have to change trains.Stranger: Uh-oh, what time is it?Denise: It’s 8:15.Stranger: You can’t go directly to Berkeley from San Francisco after 8:04.Tom: Uh-oh. Is there another train we can catch?Stranger: Don’t worry. You can take the Pittsburg line. Look here, take the Pittsburg line to the 12th Street Station in Oakland, and then transfer to the Richmond train. The Richmond train willstop in Berkeley. Get off at the downtown station. From there you can walk to your sister’s house. Denise: We want to be there by 9 o’clock. If we have to transfer, we might be late. Do you think we’ll make it in time?Stranger: It doesn’t take that long. Let’s see; there’s a train from here at 8:18. It arrives at the 12th Street Oakland station at 8:34. You can get a Richmond train right away at 8:34, and you’ll arrive in Berkeley at 8:46.Tom: Let’s see if I’ve go t this right: We take the 8:18 Pittsburg train and arrive in Oakland at 8:34. Then we take the 8:34 Richmond train to Berkeley. That should be a snap.Stranger: Yeah, you’ll have no trouble.Tom: Thank you very much for your help, Miss. You’re a very kind young lady.Denise: And so pretty and smart, too! Tell me dear, I notice you’re not wearin g a ring. Stranger: Well, no, uh…Denise; You know, my sister’s son is very handsome. I think you two would like each other…Stranger: Uh, well; oh! I think I hear your train coming! You’d better hurry so you don’t miss it!Part ThreeExercise 3AThe BART system is a modern metro that links thirty-nine stations throughout Northern California’s San Francisco Bay Area. The trains are operated by computers and the BART station platforms have electronic signs that light up with information about trains that will be arriving.Exercise 3C1.How long does it take to get from JFK Boulevard to Town Plaza? That’s JFK Boulevard toTown Plaza.2.What is the fare from Oxford Avenue to College Avenue? That’s Oxford Avenue to CollegeAvenue.3.How much does it cost an dhow long does it take to go from Fifth Street/Florida to GroveStreet? Again, that’s both the fare and time from Fifth Street/Florida to Grove Street.4.How much is a round-trip ticket from 75th Street to Kentucky Street? That’s a round-tripticket from 75th Street to Kentucky.5.How much time does it take to travel from Kansas Street to 20th Street? Again, how muchtime does it take to travel from Kansas Street to 20th Street?6.You are at the Alabama Street station. It’s twelve noon and you just got on the train. Wha ttime will you arrive at the Madrid Avenue station? Again, it’s twelve noon and you’re going from Alabama Street to Madrid Avenue. What time will you arrive at the Madrid Avenue station?7.What time does the 4:07 PM train from Yonkers arrive at Grand Central Terminal? Again,what time does the 4:07 PM train from Yonkers arrive at Grand Central Terminal?8.What time does the 6:20 AM train from Grand Central Terminal arrive in Yonkers? That’sthe 6:20 AM train from Grand Central Terminal arrive in Yonkers.9.9. How many trains are there from Grand Central Terminal to Yonkers from 4:20PM until7:53 Pm? Again, how many trains are there from Grand Central Terminal to Yonkers from 4:20PM until 7:53 PM?10.How long is the trip from Yonkers to Grand Central Terminal? Again, that’s the time fromYonkers to Grand Central Terminal.11.Which trains from Yonkers to Grand Central Terminal do not stop at 125th Street? Again,which trains do no stop at 125th Street going from Yonkers to Grand Central Terminal? 12.Look at your watch. What time is it right now? What time will the next train from GrandCentral Terminal arrive at 125th Street? Again, using the time now, when will the next train from Grand Central Terminal arrive at 125th Street?Part FourExercise 11.Was her flight from New York on time?2.Did you get the rental car information?3.Which bus do I take to go downtown?4.Is Alice meeting us at the train station?5.Why was the man yelling at the stranger?6.Are you going to call the travel agent today?7.How long do we have to wait for the next bus?8.Where are you going after the meeting?9.What did you do with your extra ticket?10.Were you going to go to the airport alone?Exercise 21.What time did the plane arrive?2.How often do you take the bus?3.Did someone meet them at the airport?4.Why didn’t she tell us she would be late?5.Who will pay for the extra ticket?6.Were you at the bus station yesterday?7.How far is it from here to New Jersey?8.Which bus do you think we should take?9.Whose purse was left on the bus?10.Are you meeting your brother at the bus station?Part FiveExercise 11.How much is the fare to Kansas ST.?2.When is the next Yonkers train?3.Does this bus go to City Hall?4.How long does it take to get to Park Lane?5.Which line do I need to take to get to the Macarthur Station?6.Can you tell me how far the trip from Boston to San Diego is?7.What’s the fastest way to get to Grand Central Terminal from here?8.Do you know where the train for Atlanta stops?9.Exercise 21.The 12:20 train to Seattle will leave in two minutes.2.The next train to Yonkers will leave from Grand Central Terminal in ten minutes.3. A round-trip ticket from JFK Boulevard to Kansas St. is $2.90.4.We’re sorry, but the 12:10 train Riverdale will be six minutes late.5.The bus from Los Angles to Burbank leaves every fifteen minutes at that time of the day.6.The next Fremont train will leave from platform number 4 in half an hour.Exercise 31.Question: Where does this person want to go?A: Pardon me, how much does it cost to go to the Jefferson Auditorium?B: That’s $1.80 one way, but you can’t go directly there after 6:00 PM. You’ll have to take a Lenox train at that hour and then transfer to a Hastings train at the Portsmouth station. 2.Question: What time will the next bus for Chicago leave?A: Excuse me, when does the next bus to downtown Chicago leave?B: Let’s see. One just left at 8:00. The schedule says that that bus leaves every fifteen minutes, so…A: Uh-oh;it’s already 8:10. I’d better hurry.B: Ooh, I hope you make it.2.Question: What is the total round-trip fare for the children?A: May I help you?B: Yeah, we’d like to get tickets from Portland to Long beach.A: When are you planning on going?B: We were thinking of going the week of June 15th.A: Gook. That’s far enough in advance to take advantage of our supersaver fares. If you purchase your tickets thirty days in advance, it will only cost $240 round trip.B: $240. That sounds good.A: How many people are in your party?B: There’s my wife and me, plus our two kids.A: Ooh, we have a special discount available for our young travelers. Let’s see, kids under twelve fly for half price and those under three can go for free.B: Well, Evelynne is six and Renee is two.A: Very good. Let me check the computer to see which flights are open the week of the 15th. Exercise 41.It’s really easy to get to school from my house by bus.2.Greenwich is very close to London.3.I take a 20-minute bus ride from home to work every day.4.I leave my house each day at 8 am.5.We’re going to Hawaii for our next vacation.6.According to this, the train to Vancouver will arrive in ten minutes.7.Do I need a Bakerloo or a Victoria train to get to Picadilly Circus?8.How much is a ticket to Baltimore and then back again?9.You need to take a #5 bus to the Berman Station. Then, catch a #12.10.This bus is too crowded between 7am and 9am.。

研究生英语多维教程课文翻译及课后答案精编版

研究生英语多维教程课文翻译及课后答案精编版

第一部分课文翻译旅行通用语1 数十年来,法兰西语言研究院一直捍卫着法语的尊严。

几年前,由于法国人对英语词汇的入侵非常敏感,该机构颁布了净化法语的法律,其内容甚至涉及专业术语。

就拿波音747 (Boeing747)来说吧,现在法国人必须用法语词gros-porteur;表示出租的leasing也变成了credit-bail。

此类例子不胜枚举,触及生活的方方面面。

法国总统希拉克很可能会继续加大力度,直至连英特网internet和字节流(信息组) byte stream之类的词也找到相应的法语新词。

哎,真不知未来的法语会变成什么样。

2 不幸的是(或许并非不幸),英语没有受到如此的保护。

在美国,随处可见严重偏离英国标准英语的美式英语。

“honour”普遍被写成“honor”,“night”也变成了“nite”。

许多词意广为人知的英式英语单词被赋予新的解释,交流也变得有些困难。

比如说,汽车的行李箱“boot”变成了“trunk”(一个在英国指代树干的单词);引擎盖“bonnet”变成了“hood”(英式英语中的风帽);老式婴儿尿布“nappy”变成了“diaper”(英式英语中的菱格花纹织物);婴儿小外套“matineejacket”也变成了“vest”(英国的内衣汗衫)。

显而易见,两国英语同出一源,而如今却将两国彼此隔离。

当然了,按美国人的观点,是英国人的语言表达出了问题。

3 实际使用中,甚至还有更糟的英语呢!只要你在外国旅游并注意一下菜单、海报、旅店、甚至当地日常生活中的英语,就可以证明过去的标准用语在这些地方已变得不伦不类,让我详例如下:4 旅行作家波洛?菲利浦曾不惜笔墨地渲染自己的几番经历,我觉得该有更多的读者了解一下。

他提及某份荷兰的灯泡目录,上面对用户承诺有“a speedy execution‟——快速处死(毫无疑问,想表达的应是“送货及时”)。

此外,东柏林的一个衣帽间告示要求客人“please hang yourself here”——请在这儿吊死自己(本想说的是“将衣帽挂在这儿”)。

研究生英语系列教程多维教程熟谙正文翻译

研究生英语系列教程多维教程熟谙正文翻译

Unit1 从能力到责任当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。

他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西:追求安全保障,追逐物质财富的积累。

年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为,但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。

处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段,他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在,寻找生活的意义。

一如芸芸众生的我们,他们也陷入了两难的境地。

一方面,他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义,而另一方面,他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑,陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。

最终而言,大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。

尼布尔曾经写道:“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任,他才能够认识到自身的潜力。

一个人如果一味地以自我为中心,他将会失去自我。

”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省,使学生超越以自我为中心的观念,以诚相待,服务社会。

在这一个竞争激烈\残酷的社会,人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明,,甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争,这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力,如今是否仍然适合?毫无疑问,大学生应该履行公民的义务。

美国的教育必须立刻采取行动,使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。

那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。

所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。

设想,怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题,而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。

类似的一头雾水的感觉,公众曾经尝试过。

当他们试图弄懂有关“星球大战”的辩论的问题时,那些关于“威慑”与“反威慑”等高科技的专业术语,曾让公众一筹莫展。

多维课文译文

多维课文译文

多维教程Unit2 家族企业:下一代1 美国正处于人类历史上最重大的财富交接时期之一,在未来的20年中,大约有15兆美元的资产将从这一代人的手中转到下一代人的名下。

2 其申大部分财富以家族企业的形式进行交接,但是许多企业交接后的生存能力值得怀疑,事实上绝大部分将倒闭。

通常只有三分之一的企业能成功地转交到第二代人手中,家族企业能在第三代人手中幸存下来的现象比较罕见。

3 成千上万的家族企业,包括一些家喻户晓的企业,将在未来十年中消失。

令人悲哀的是,如果规划适当的话,许多企业本应能够幸存下来,然而,对于许多企亚来说,也许为时已晚。

开始筹划家族企业承接需要充分时间,不是一年、三年,甚至五年都不够。

确实,要完善地构造一项全面的承接计划,包括复杂的不动产规划策略,大概需要至少十年的时间。

4每一个家族企业,无论其规模大小,技术含量高低,众所周知的还是默默无闻的,都有与众不同的特点。

但是,尽管情况千差万别,一个业要想能够进行成功交接的话必须具备下列四项要素。

计划承接管理5(家族企业的)所有人或创建者具有极其强烈的紧迫感并且精力充沛,他们常常不仅在某一项技术上出类拔萃。

在许多情况下,生产专家同时还是营销天才或资深金融家,代替他们可能需要不止一个人,因此,家庭业主应通过创建编制图表来精确地决定企业将如何运作。

承接队伍中的每一位核心成员均应创建自己的蓝图,然后进行对比,其不同之处将表明管理结构中的差异并突出显示误解所在与认识上的不同。

6 以朱迪为例,朱迪拥有一个软件公司,并有三个孩子蜓―个是电脑奇才,一个是鮮手,一个虽然拿到了工商管理学位却对公司不感兴趣。

另外,朱迪还有一个强大的管理团队,根据她的情况,她应该考虑把所有权交给孩子,让其管理团队继续经营企业。

7 无论从家庭成员内或家庭成员外寻找合造的人选来填充这些职位都不是件容易的事,更不是一蹴而就的事。

因而,关键是在承接过程中要尽早硏制行动计划以及时间表,以便有条不紊行职责交接。

(完整版)研究生英语多维教程熟谙(正文翻译+课后练习参考答案)

(完整版)研究生英语多维教程熟谙(正文翻译+课后练习参考答案)

Unit1 从能力到责任当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。

他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西:追求安全保障,追逐物质财富的积累。

年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为,但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。

处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段,他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在,寻找生活的意义。

一如芸芸众生的我们,他们也陷入了两难的境地。

一方面,他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义,而另一方面,他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑,陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。

最终而言,大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。

尼布尔曾经写道:“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任,他才能够认识到自身的潜力。

一个人如果一味地以自我为中心,他将会失去自我。

”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省,使学生超越以自我为中心的观念,以诚相待,服务社会。

在这一个竞争激烈\残酷的社会,人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明,,甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争,这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力,如今是否仍然适合?毫无疑问,大学生应该履行公民的义务。

美国的教育必须立刻采取行动,使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。

那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。

所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。

设想,怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题,而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。

类似的一头雾水的感觉,公众曾经尝试过。

当他们试图弄懂有关“星球大战”的辩论的问题时,那些关于“威慑”与“反威慑”等高科技的专业术语,曾让公众一筹莫展。

多维教程·熟谙_课文翻译(1-5)

多维教程·熟谙_课文翻译(1-5)

Unit2 家庭企业:下一代的前景1美国正处在人类历史上最大的一个财富交接的过程中。

在今后的20年里,估计有150亿美元的资产将会转移到下一代的手中。

2大多数的财富交接会以家庭企业的方式进行。

但是很多情况下,财富交接的成功与否令人怀疑。

事实上,多数的交接工作将会失败。

一般来说,只有1/3的企业才能成功地移交到下一代手中。

一个家庭企业能生存到第三代是寥寥无几的。

3在下—个十年里,数以千计的家庭企业,其中有些是家喻户晓的企业将会消失。

糟糕的是许多企业只有进行适当的规划才能勉强生存。

然而,很多企业已为时太晚了。

一个家庭企业着手规划交接的适当时机不是提前一年,三年甚至是五年进行的。

确切地说,一个包括复杂的财产规划策略的综合性的交接计划一般至少要在十年的基础上才能适当地完成。

4无论规模的大小,技术的高低或名气是否响亮,每一个家庭企业都是不一样的。

但是无论怎样不同,在一个企业顺利地交接到下一代之前,以下四个关键性的因素应计划到位。

计划你的交接管理机构5业主/企业创建者不仅进取心强而且精力充沛。

他们往往擅长多种技能。

在很多情况下,他们既是生产专家,又是营销天才或经验丰富的金融家。

要接替他们的工作则需要较多的人。

因此,家庭企业的业主应当通过制定组织机构图来明确规定企业该怎样运作。

参与交接过程的每个主要成员也应制定他们自己的组织机构图。

然后,对它们进行比较。

各机构图之间的不同点将表明管理体制上的差异、存在误会的主要方面及观念上的分歧。

6以朱蒂为例。

朱蒂拥有一家软件公司,她共有三个孩子:一个是电脑天才,一个是赛车手,还有一个拿到了商业方面的文凭但对经营公司却毫无兴趣。

另外,朱蒂有一个强有力的管理队伍。

根据她的情况,她应该考虑把公司的所有权移交给她的孩子们,但是依然让她的管理队伍来经营公司。

7在家庭内或家庭外物色适当人选担任这些职位是不容易的,或者说不是一夜之间可以敲定的。

因此,提前制定一个行动计划和时间表是非常重要的,以便职责的过渡井然有序地进行。

研究生英语多维教程熟谙Unit5英语summary

研究生英语多维教程熟谙Unit5英语summary

The summary of Unit5 Sandwich generationIn the modern society,there are a large group,They are the so-called Sandwich generation,people who are struggling to care for both their children and their elders,often while holding down a job as well.The Sandwich generation are living a hard life.The statistics show that the proportion of seniors living with their children is decreasing,those who do move in with their children enter households profoundly changed from previous generations.Because toda y′s seniors had fewer children than their predecessors,there are fewer family members to share the burden.They not only have some elder-care responsibilities,ranging from occasional help with groceries to fulltime care at home,but also care for their children.In fact,the parents of an average family now work 65 to 80 hours a week,up from 40 to 45 hours a week in the 1950s.To stay in the placethey are working twice as hard.It lead to that they have more stress,less job satisfaction and more absence than their colleagues.That change often is overlooked amid increasing public pressure to transfer some of the governments health-care burden to individual families.But families have changed,you cannot make the assumption the people are available.Even when an elderly parent lives independently,responsibilities can weigh heavily on their children,How do they break away from their job to see a sick mother?And then they fell guilty when they leave her alone.Even if their elderly parents are not living with them,there is the stress of juggling obligations at home,to their extended family and their employer.Fortunately,there are many house holds that cope well,especially when the senior is healthy or the younger family members have outside help in times of crisis.But for many families who bear a wide range of new responsibilities,elder care can take a physical,and emotional,sacrifice.To the sandwich generation,all these responsibilities are a trouble to them,their burden will be more heavy than any generations before.。

研究生英语教材---熟谙课文原文 第一课

研究生英语教材---熟谙课文原文 第一课

Text e3ho111 eo,,.,,11t,1te11 to Oo111111lt11t111tt Ernest Boyer Para 1T oday's students have ambiguous feelings about their role in the wor1d. They are devoting their energies to what seems most real to them: the pursuit of security, the accumulatlon of material goods. They are struggling to establish themselves, but the young people also admitted to confusion: Where should they put their faith in this uncertain age? Undergraduates are searching for Jdenttty and meaning and, like the rest of us, they are torn by idealism of seNice on the one hand, and on the other, the temptation to retreat into a world that never rises above self-interests.iPars 2In the end, the quality of the undergraduate experience is to be I measured by the willingness of graduates to be socially and civically engaged. Reinhold Niebuhr once wrote, "Man cannotbehold except he be committed. He cannot find himself without finding a center beyond himseH.1' The idealism of the undergraduate experience mustreflect itself in loyalties that transcend self. Is it too much to expect that, even in this hard-edged ! competitive age, a college graduate will live with Integrity. civility -even compassion? Is it appropriate to hope that the lessons learned in a liberal education will reveal themselves in the humaneness of the graduate's relationship with others?Unit One Fro m Competence to CommitmentPara 3 Clearly, the col l ege graduate has civic obligations to futtil l. There is urgent need in American teaching to help close the dangerous andgrowi n g gap between public pol i cy and public understanding. Theinformation required to think constructively about the agenda ofgovernment seems incr e asingly beyond our grasp. It is no longerpossible, many argue, to r e solve complex public issues through citizenparticipation. How, they ask, can nonspecialists debate policy choicesof consequence when they do not even know the language? Pars 4 Should the use of nuclear e nergy be expanded or cut back? Can an adequate supply of water be assured? How can the arms race bebrought under control? What is a safe level of atmospheric pol l ution?Even the semi-metaphysical questions of when a human life beginsand ends have become items on the pol i ti ca agenda.Para 5 Citi z ens have tri e d with si m itar bafflement to follow the debate over Star Wars, wit h its highly technical jargon of deterrence andcounterdeterrence. Even what once seemed to be reasonabl y l oc almatters -zoning regulations, school desegregation, drainageproblems, public transportation issues1 licensing requests fromcompeti n g cable television companies -call for specialists, whodebate technical i ti e s and frequently confuse rather than clarify theissues. And yet, the very complexit y of public life requi r es more, notl ess, information; more, not less, participati o n.Para 6 For those who care about government "by t he people/' the decline in public understanding cannot go unchallenged. In a world wherehuman survival is at stake, ignorance is not an acceptable alternative.The futl control of policy by special i sts with limited perspecti v e s nottolerable. Unless we find better ways to educate oursetves, as ci t z ens,unless hard questions are asked and sati s factory answers are offered,we run the risk of making critical decisions,not on the basis of whatwe know, but on the basis of blind faith in one or anoth er set ofprofessed experts.Para 7 What we need today are groups of well-informed, caring individuals who band together in the spirit of community to learn from one another,to participate, as citizens, in the democratic process.Para 8 We need concerned people who are participants in inquiry, who know how to ask the right questions. who understand the process by whichpublic p olicy is shaped, and are prepared to make informed,discriminating judgments on questi ons that affect the future.Obviously, no one institution in society can single-handedly provideth e le adersh ip we require. But we are convinced that theundergraduate college, perhaps more than any other institution, isobliged to provide the enlightened leadership our nation urgentlyrequires if government by the people is to endure.Para 9 To fulfill this urgent obligation, the perspective needed is not only national, but global. Today's students must be informed about peopleand cultures other than their own. Since man has orbited into space.it has become dramatically apparent that we are all custodians of asingle planet. In the past half century, our planet has become vastlymore crowded, more interdependent, and more unstable. If studentsdo not see beyond themselves and better understand their place inour complex world, their capacity to live responsibly will bedangerously diminished.Para 10 The world may not yet be a village, but surely our sense of neighborhood must expand. When drought ravages the Sahara.when war in Inda-China creates refugees, neither our compassionnor our analytic i ntelligence can be bounded by a do tted line on apolitical map. We are beginning t o understand that hunger and humanrights affect alliances as decisively as weapons and treaties. Dwarfingall other concerns, the mushroom cloud hangs ominously over ourUnit One From Competence to Commitmentworl d consciousness. These realities and the obligations they imposemust be understood by every student.Pars 11 But during our study we found on campus a disturbing lack of knowledge and even at times a climate of indifference about our world.Refugees flow from one country to another, but too few students canpoint to these g reat migrations on a map or talk about the famines,wars, or poverty that caused them. Philosophers, statesmen,inventors, and artists from around the wor1d enrich our lives, but suchindividuals and their contributions are largely unknown orunremembered.Psra 12 While some students have a global perspective, the vast majority, although vaguely concerned, are inadequately informed about theinterdependent wortd in which they live.Para 13 University of Notre Dame campus minister William Toohey wrote recently, 11The trouble with many colleges is that they indulge thenesting instinct by building protected little communities inside theirgreat walls.11Para 14 One point emerges with stark clarity f r om all we have said: Our world has undergone immense transformations. It has become a morecrowded, more interconnected, more unstable place. A newgenerat i on o1 Americans must be educated for life in this increasinglycomplex world. If t he undergraduate college cannot help studentssee beyond themselves and better understand the interdependentnature of our world, each new generation will remain ignorant l andits capa city to live confidently and responsibly will be dangerouslydiminished.P ara 15 Throughout our study we were impressed that what today's col l ege is teaching most successfully is competence -competence inmeeting schedules, in gathering information, in responding well ontests, in mastering the details of a special field. Today the capacity todeal successfully with discrete problems is highly prized. And whenwe asked students about their education, they, almost w ithoutexception, spoke about the credits they had earned or the coursesthey still needed to complete.Para 16 But technical skill, of whatever .k ind, leaves open essential questions: Education for what purpose? Competence to what end? At a time inlife when values should be shaped and personal priori1ies sharplyprobed, what a tragedy it would be if the most deeply felt issues, themost haunting questions, the most creative moments were pushedto the fringes of our institutional life. What a monumental mistake itwould be if students, during the undergraduate years, remainedtrapped within the organizational grooves and narrow routines to whichthe academic world sometimes seems excessively devoted. Part1 17 Students come to campus at a time of high expectancy. And yet, all too often they become enmeshed in routines that are deadening anddistracting. As we talked with teachers and students1 we often hadthe uncomfortable feeling that the most vital issues of life -the natureof society, the roots of social injustice, indeed the very prospects forhuman su,vival -are the ones with which the undergraduate collegeis least equipped to deal.Para 18 The outcomes of collegiate education should be measured by the student's performance in the classroom as he or she becomesproficient in the use of knowledge, acquires a solid basic education,and becomes competent ina specific field. Further, the impact of theundergraduate experience is to be assessed by the performance ofthe graduate in the workplace and further education.Part1 19 But in the end, students must be inspired by a larger vision, using theUnit One From Co m pet e nce to Commitment •7•knowledge t h ey h ave acquired to discover patterns, form values, andadvance the common good. The undergraduate experienc e at itsbest wil l move the student from compet e nce to commitment.Para 20 A recent coll e ge graduate wrote about the commitments of young people and their fut u re. She asks: 11What kind of nation will we be ifwe cannot even commit ourselves to other people, much less to aset of abstract val u es? ... W hat kinds of politicians will we elect if serf­inter est is our highest value, humanity an 'inoperative' commodity?" Para 21 When all is said and done, the conege should encourage each student to develop the capaci t y to judge wisely in matters of life and conduct.Ti m e must be taken for explori n g ambiguities and reflecting on theimponderables of l ife-in classrooms, in the rathskellers, and in bullsessions late at night. The goal is not to indoctrinate st u d ents, but toset them free in the world of ideas and provide a climate in whichethical and moral choices can be thoughtfully examined, andconvictions formed.Psra 22 This imperative does not replace the need for rigorous study in the disciplines, but neithe r must speci a lization become an excuse tosuspend judgment or diminish the search for purposeful life objectives.Para 23 We are keenly aware of the limited impact people and t h eir i nstit u tions seem to make these days on the e vents of our time. But our abidinghope is that wit h determination and effort, t h e undergraduate collegecan make a difference in the intellectual and personal lives of itsgraduates1 in the so c ial and civic responsibilities they are willing toassume, and uHimate�y in thei r world perspective. These Intangibles,which reveal themselves in ways that are very real, are thecharacteristics by which, ul t imately, the quality of the undergraduateexperi e nce must be measured.。

研究生英语系列教材多维教程熟谙课后参考答案含翻译

研究生英语系列教材多维教程熟谙课后参考答案含翻译

Book IIUnit1A.1.assess2.alliance3.outcome4.ethical5.identity6.ambiguous7.tolerable8.participates9.pursuit10.constructiveB.1.at stake2.were obliged3.the climate of4.feel well-equipped5.beyond my grasp6.cut back7.other than8.rise above9.care about10.is boundedC.1.incompetent2.indulgence3.migrants4.probesplex6.suspense;engagedpassionate;committed8.tolerant9.tempted10.interconnectedD.1. A.Judging from2. B.in which3. C.and4. D.believe5. A.is one of/is that of6. B.must get7. C.likely8. D.unemployed9. C.as well as/and10.B.simplerE.1.what2.graduation3.intend4.getting5.eventually6.survey7.although8.graduates9.transfer10.rise11.attending12.instead13.cause14.because15.attending16.below17.failure18.expectations19.confidencecationKey to the translation from English to Chinese:1.德.汤说过,一切进步,一切发展均来自挑战及由此引起的反应。

没有挑战就没有反应,没有发展,没有自由。

多维教程熟谙 Unit 2 段落大意 summary

多维教程熟谙 Unit 2 段落大意 summary

Text
1. America is in the midst of one of the greatest wealth transfers in the history of mankind. Over the next 20 years, an estimated $15 trillion in assets will be transferred from one generation to the next. 2. Much of this wealth transfer will be in the form of family-owned businesses. But the viability of many of these transfers is questionable. The fact is, most will fail. Typically, only one out of three businesses is successfully transferred to the second generation. Survival of a family business into the third generation is a rare occurrence.


[d]. (para.s 19 - 22) Plan the estate Part 3: (paras23---25): Par.23: Transitional par.; conclusion: Necessity to start planning for wealth transfer in a comprehensive manner right now II. Introduction to the Text North America, Asia and Western Europe have been undergoing an entrepreneurial renaissance. The world is in transition from nations of managers to nations of owners. It is also reported that the greatest intergenerational wealth transfer will take place in America in the next 10 years. Much of the wealth transfer will be in the form of family businesses. However, many of these transfers will fail. Thousands of family-owned businesses cannot be successfully handed over to the second generation, let alone to the

研究生英语多维教程熟谙课后题答案完整版

研究生英语多维教程熟谙课后题答案完整版

研究生英语多维教程熟谙课后题答案HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】B o o k I IUnit 1A.1.assess2.alliance3.outcome4.ethical5.identity6.ambiguous7.tolerable8.participates9.pursuit10.constructiveB.1.at stake2.were obliged3.the climate of4.feel well-equipped5.beyond my grasp6.cut back7.other than8.rise above9.care about10.is boundedC.1.incompetent2.indulgence3.migrants4.probesplex6.suspense; engagedpassionate; committed8.tolerant9.tempted10.interconnectedD.1.A. Judging from2.B. in which3.C. and4.D. believe5.A. is one of/ is that of6.B. must get7.C. likely8.D. unemployed 9. C. as well as/ and10.B. simplerE.1.what2.graduation3.intend4.getting5.eventually6.survey7.although8.graduates9.transfer10.rise11.attending12.instead13.cause14.because15.attending16.below17.failure18.expectations19.confidencecationKey to the translation from English to Chinese:1.德.汤说过,一切进步,一切发展均来自挑战由此引起的反应。

英语3000stepbystepPart2以及多维教程熟谙课后翻译

英语3000stepbystepPart2以及多维教程熟谙课后翻译

UNIT1Part II News reportsSummary:This news report tells us that the United Nations General Assembly has elected Columbia, Ireland, Mauritius, Norway and Singapore as its new non-permanent members of the Security Council.Statements:1. Columbia, Ireland, and Singapore won their seats as nonpermanent members of the Security Council on the first round of balloting while Mauritius and Norway won their seats on the fourth ballot.2. Sudan and Mauritius are two candidates for the second seat for the African and Asian group.3. There were three countries contending for the two seats allotted to the western industrialized group of nations.4. The Security Council is made up of 15 members, including five permanent members -- China, France, Great Britain, Russia, and the United States--and 10 non-permanent members.Tapescript:The United Nations General Assembly has elected' Columbia, Ireland, Mauritius, Norway and Singapore as the new non-permanent members of the Security Council. The vote follows several weeks of haggling and maneuvering.Columbia, Ireland, and Singapore won the required two thirds majority on the first round of balloting. But it took another three rounds of voting to decide on the remaining two regional seats.Contention marked the voting for the second seat for the African and Asian group. The United States lobbied intensely against Sudan, the candidate of the Organization of African Unity. Mauritius, the candidate supported by Washington, won on the fourth round of voting.Ireland easily captured one of the two seats allotted to the western industrialized group of nations on the first ballot. But Norway and Italy campaigned vigorously for the second spot. King Harald of Norway came to New York last week to press the case for his nation's representation on the Security Council for the first time since 1982. Norway also won on the fourth ballot. The new members begin their two-year terms in January. The Security Council is made up of a total of 15 members, including five permanent members -- China, France, Great Britain, Russia, and the United States -- and 10 non-permanent members. Five non-permanent members are elected to two-year terms each year.B SummaryThis news report tells us that the United Nations Human Rights Commission was going to hold an emergency meeting to deal with the crisis situation between Israelis and Palestinians.Answers to the questions:1. 532.483.34. The United States5.Canada6.October 18th7.No more than three days8. To get the Israelis and Palestinians back to the negotiating table9. 4 / Bosnian war / genocide in Rwanda / violence in East Timor Tapescript:Forty-eight of the ( United Nations Human Rights Commission's) 53 member nations voted to hold the emergency meeting. The United States cast the sole dissenting vote and Canada abstained. Three other countries did not vote.The special meeting will begin October 18th and will last for no more than three days.UN spokeswoman Marie Heuze says one purpose of the meeting is to try to learn how the cycle of violence between Israelis and Palestinians can be stopped."When you have such a high-profile for a crisis which is so dangerous, not only for the people in Palestine and in Israel, but in the region, there is a fear -- and this is probably why there was a large consensus on this meeting to discuss the issue -- because the situation in this part of the world is so volatile, so dangerous, so important to control that everybody thinks that they have something to contribute."MsHeuze says she thinks the United Nations and the international community as a whole can play a constructive role in the present situation and in trying to get the Israelis and Palestinians back to the negotiating table. Officials from the UN Human Rights Commission will discuss the agenda toward the meeting on Wednesday.This is only the fifth time the commission has gone into emergency meeting to deal with a crisis situation. Previous sessions dealt with the Bosnian war, the genocide in Rwanda, and the violence in East Timor.Questions:1. How many members are there in the UN Human Rights Commission?2. How many of them voted to hold the emergency meeting?3. How many of them didn't vote?4. Which country cast the dissenting vote?5. Which country abstained?6. When will the meeting begin?7. How long will it last? 8. What's the purpose of this meeting?9. How many emergency meetings have been held before this one?What were the three crisis situations that they dealt with?UNIT2Part II News ReportsA ...Washington … the information economy … deteriorating health of the planet … information economy … communication … education and entertainment … physical exam … vital signs … species … climate … temperatures … water tables … glaciers … forests … fisheries … to stabilize both climate and world population growthB Summary… the severe shortage of water in some developing nations. … global solutions are found soon.Answers to the questions1.1502. Monday3. Almost one billion people couldsuffer from a scarcity of water.4. Middle East, parts of Africa, western Asia, Northeastern China, western and southern India, large parts of Pakistan and Mexico, parts of the Pacific coast of the United States and South America.5.To treat water as a precious resource.6. 5 liters7. 50liters 8. 500 litersUNIT3Part II News reportsA Summary:This news report is about Forbes's "Super 100 Global" list.Answer the questions:1. Which of the following corporations are the top five on Forbes's list? Mark their ranks.2 Citigroup 4 HSBC Banking Company -- BP-Amoco5 Daimler-Chrysler 1 General Electric Corporation Microsoft 3 Bank of America2. How are the companies ranked?The companies are ranked with a composite formula, which includes total sales, profits, assets and market capitalization, or the total value of their stock.3. How are the 100 companies distributed?46 in the United States, 54 in Europe and Japan.4. Why were none of the Internet-related firms included in the list? Because most of the Internet-related firms have little or no profits so far. Tapescripts:For the second year in a row, the General Electric Corporation is ranked number one in an annual survey of the 100 most powerful corporations in the world. The survey, compiled and published by Forbes business magazine, shows General Electric of the United States ranked number one, followed in second and third place by the U.S. banking and financial services giants Citigroup and Bank of America. In fourth and fifth place are the British-based HSBC Banking Company and Daimler-Chrysler, the German-American auto-company. The companies are ranked with a composite formula, which includes total sales, profits, assets and market capitalization, or the total value of its (their) stock. What the magazine calls its "Super 100 Global" list are 46 companies based in the United States and 54 in Europe and Japan. Mike Ozanian, the Forbes editor who compiled the list, says there is a growing trend of international mergers and acquisitions, citing companies such as Daimler-Chrysler and BP-Amoco, the Anglo-American Oil Company. Mr. Ozanian says that despite the huge capitalizations of many Internet-related firms, none were included because most have little, if any, profits -- at least not yet.B Summary:This news report gives us a general picture of the U.S. stock market. It also presents some analysts' views on the market.Statements:1. The Dow Jones Industrial Average went up less than one percent, to 10,546.2. An analyst said that sales growth at Intel could be stronger than expected.3. Retail stocks gained on stronger-than-expected sales because of the Thanksgiving holiday shopping season.4. Sales of existing homes fell a steep 3.9% in October, their second monthly decline.5. According to investment strategist Alan Skrainka, this is a very good entry point for a long-term investor to get into the market.Tapescript:U.S. stock prices were mixed on Monday, with the "blue-chips" in a rally mode. But volume was only moderate after a holiday-shortened week last week, showing lingering uncertainty among investors.The Dow Jones Industrial Average went up 75 points, less than one percent, to 10,546. The S & P 500 Index gained 7 points. But the NASDAQ Composite backed off an early rally, taking a loss of almost one percent on weakness in selected technology stocks.The Dow Industrials actually got a boost from their technology components.Shares of Intel traded higher after an analyst said sales growth at the leading computer chip-maker could be stronger than expected. Microsoft stock also edged higher.Retail stocks gained on stronger-than-expected sales over the Thanksgiving weekend, as the holiday shopping season got underway. However, analysts caution the retail picture is still clouded because many stores offered bargains to attract shoppers. Experts worry that higher oil prices and interest rates will make this a less than merry Christmas season for U.S. merchants.The latest on the U.S. economy points to slower growth. Sales of existing homes fell a steep 3.9 percent in October, their second monthly decline. Many analysts think uncertainty over the economy makes it increasingly likely that the major stock averages will close lower for the year. But investment strategist Alan Skrainka says the longer-term looks better. "No one can guess what will happen to the market over the next month. But over the long-term, we think the market looks very good. If you're a long-term investor, this is a very good entry point for getting into the market because this is what you've been waiting for. All the fear and uncertainty in the marketplace is setting us up for some very good values in the market."UNIT4Part II News reportsASummary :… the smallest a nd most earth-like extra solar planet.Answers to questions:1.About a dozen.2. Five times the mass of the earth.3. A reddwarf.4.Two.5. One is similar to Neptune and the other is 8 timesthe mass of the earth.BEvent : NASA’s 12-year program of Mars • Starting time: 1996• Finishing time: 2008 First installment:• Names of spacecrafts: the Mars Global Surveyor Orbiter / the Pathfinder Lander• Arrival time: 1997 • Mission: To collect and analyze rocksSecond installment:• Names of spacecr afts: the Polar Lander / the Mars Climate Orbiter• Launch time:December • Arrival time: Next DecemberMission:a.To inspect for subsurface waterb.To measure the distribution of water vapor, dust andcondensatesGrand finale: • Launch time: 2005 • Return time: 2008• Mission: To return soil and rock samples to Earth.UNIT5Part II(答案见听力原文中的红色部分)In North Beach in San Francisco, where some pretty super food gets served every night.“Absolutely very super food!” “and I really like the taste of it”But we’re not just talking about taste. Research now shows that some foods, including tomatoes, onions, garlic, and olive oil ---- are among the super foods. Super foods are packed with powerful chemicals that mayoffer your body great protection against chronic disease“Including cancer, obesity, heart disease. Vibrantly colored red, yellow, orange and green all giving you different types of phytochemicals.”Natalie Ledsma is a registered dietician at U. C. S. F. she says compounds found in super foods --- called phytochemicals ---- can reduce the risk of cancer, boost the immune system, and protect the heart. She showed us what everyone should try to eat each week for optimal health.One her shoppinglist? Herbs!“Dark green ones (herbs), like rosema ry and thyme, and any intensly colored spice, like turmeric or red pepper.”“Both of those have anti-inflammatory properties.”Turmeric many reduce the risk of leukemia, skin, and liver cancers. Hot peppers may reduce the risk of colon, stomach, and rectal cancers. Also on the list: green veggies. But not just nay green veggy.“Brussels sprouts are part of the cruciferous vegetable family that has significant anti-cancer properties, and that family also has a very favorable effect on hormone metabolis m.”Other cruciferous veggies include cabbage, broccoli, and cauliflower. And don’t forget the tomato.“it is probably the best source of lycopene, which is one of the phytochemicals that has shown significant anticancer properties, especially with pr ostate and potentially lung and breast cancer as well.”As for fruit, citrus contains Vitamins C, limonoids, and phenols, which inactivate cancer cells and strengthen the immune system. Cantaloupes, mangos and carrots contain cancer-fighting carotenoids. And berries are bursting with flavonoids and ellagic acid ---- antioxidants that protect against cancer, ulcers, and viruses. Natalie recommends organic.“Organic fruits and vegetables have shown not only to have lower pesticide toxicities and lower pesticide levels, but also now have been shown to have higher phytochemical content.”Don’t forget the fatty fish or flaxseed ---- both are excellent source of Omega 3 fatty acids that inhibit the growth of cancer cells and boost the immune system, olive oil, which may reduce breast, prostate, or colon cancer, and soy.“soy has protective effects for heart disease as well as osteoporosis, potentially.”And finally onions, garlic, and shallots. They may protect the heart fight cancer, and help with asthma.BI.Harvard Medical SchoolII.Borderline high blood pressureIII.10 /7IV.Cardiovascular / by a quarterChances of dying from cardiovascular disease falling by 5/1V.A: no more than 3 gramsB: fast foodC: labelsD: fresh fruit and vegetables听力原文:Salt is crucial to our health, but too much of it can put human at risk from high blood pressure, heart disease and stroke. Many reports, researchers at Harvard Medical School say the significant reduction in salt intake can cut the chances of heart disease and strokes by a quarter. Here isour health correspondent, Adam Brimelow.It’s long been known that cutting salt can reduce blood pressure. But there has been much less evidence of what it means for cardiovascular disease, including heart attacks and strokes. The Harvard team followed up people with borderline high blood pressure, who had taken in part in two salt reduction studies, typically cutting intake from 10 to 7 grams a day. The risk of developing cardiovascular disease over the next decade or so was cut by a quarter compared with those who did not reduce their salt intake. And their chances of dying from cardiovascular disease fell by 5/1. In developed countries such as the United States and the UK, the average adult daily salt intake is about 10 grams. Much of this is already in the food that people buy, including processed foods and bread. Many experts say no one should have more than 3 grams. They say the best way to cut salt, is to get away from fast food, check labels and have plenty of fresh fruit and vegetable. Adam Brimelow reporting.UNIT6Part IIA:1.identify, Catalog, map and analyze / 100,0002.A: a piece of DNA, the basic Molecule of lifeB: on chromosomes in every cellsC: produce chemical instructions the cell needs in order to build and run the human body.III: SignificanceA: cure or prevent B: desirable genetic traitsC: the brain, consciousness and the mind D: a scientific description IV controversy Abuse 2.warfare听力原文:The goal of the human genome project initiated in the early 1990s is to identify, catalog, map and analyze every one of the estimated 100,000 genes in the human body. If the multi-billion-dollar project is successful, its effects may be as fundamental to the human future as the discovery of fire and seed agriculture once were.To understand the significance of the human genome project, it is necessary to know that each gene is a piece of DNA, the basic molecule of life. Genes are located on chromosomes that in turn reside in every cell in arrangements similar to the alternately colored rungs on a ladder. The sequence of genetic rungs produces the chemical instructions the cells need in order to build and run the human body. By identifying the location and makeup of each gene, the genome project should help scientists cure orUNIT7Part II New Ways to communicateA11.When a friend is online2. 1.6milion3.3,0004.you can only contact someone (on the same network asyou. )using the same programugh out loud.A2Online / popular / take off / signing up / by / make upObvious / one very important disadvantage / bright / voice converstation / swap / funnyWhen you meet someone for the first time,do you ask their ASL? Do you LOL if they come out with something funny, and say CU L8er when you finish the conversation? If you know what I’m talking about, then you are probably already a user of instant messaging, or IM.The idea behind IM is simple. A program on your computer tells you when a friend is online. You can then send a message to your friend, who can type a reply instantly. To do this, you need an IM program. Worldwide, AIM, the instant messaging service provided by AOL, is by far the most popular. It has 195 million users who send about 1.6 billion messages every day. ICQ, which is owned by AOL, has about 140 million messengers, and MSN and Windows IM make up about 75 million users. The advantage over e-mail is that with instant messaging you know you’re likely to get a reply. IM is already hugely popular in the USA, where people spend five times more time online than in Europe. However, IM is starting to take off in the UK, with over 3,000 people signing up to MSN Messenger alone every day. While the plus points of IM are obvious, there is one very important disadvantage: you can only contact someone on the same network as you. If your friend is using AIM, and you are using MSN, you cannot talk to each other. This makes IM less useful than it should be. Imagine if you couldn’t send an e-mail form hotmail to yahoo. However, things look like they’ll change soon. In general, the future looks bright for IM. Lots of programs also allow you to have voice conversations, video conferencing ---- this means you can see the other person using a webcam ---- and also let you swap pictures, music and other files.So, perhaps we’ll all soon be asking someone’s age, sex and location (ASL), and laughing out loud (LOL) when they say something funny. See you later (CU L8er).B: How do you meet new people, make new friends, or find out about the latest bands? Here in the UK young people have traditionally done their socializing in bars, pubs and clubs.However there is a new generation growing up that finds it easier to manage their social lives on the net, using free websites like MySpace, Bebo or MSN Spaces.Welcome to the social networking website ---- a place where you can present yourself to the digital community and meet other like-minded people.The most successful social networking website in the UK is MySpac . as of July 2006, MySpace is the world’s fourth most popular English-language website, attracting almost 3 million visitors per month. Myspace claims to have 95 million members with 500,000 new members joining the community each week.So how has it become to successful? Perhaps its secret is in its simplicity. Each new member can build their own page simply --- uploading photos, videos and MP3 files. Then they describe themselves, listing their likes, dislikes, favorite bands, relatio nship status, etc. it’s an easy way to hook up with people who share your interest.Briana Dougherty, a 25-year-old MySpace devotee, told us, “It’s a casual way to stay in contact without appearing weird. ” it seems that many people do not feel comfortable giving out their phone number or personal e-mail address to new acquaintances but are perfectly happy to trade MySpace profilesWhile socializing is the key to MySpace’s success, love of music is at the heart of the community. Indeed, most aspiring musicians in the UK upload their songs to the site, and with good reason: unsigned artists, Arctic Monkeys and Lilly Allen created such a buzz on the site that they were offered recording contracts and scored number one hits.Social network sites could be a great place to practice your English. Why not give it a try? You can tell us about your experience by filing in the new comments form at the top of the screen.Statements:1.Most young people in the UK make new friends at work.2.Yahoo and Google are social networking sites.3.MySpace is one of the top five English-language website.4.New brands put their music on the web for people to listen to.ers of social networks usually pay for the service.UNIT8Part II eco-conscious constructionA The world’s first eco-city / off the coast Agricultural land / half a million / $1.3 billion / a sustainability consultant Sustainable developmentA more ecologically friendly model / minimize impact on nature /solar and wind power / power and fertilizers / electric carsB1.1. a dream-house which is sustainable by the environment ----- an environmentally-sustainable dream-house2. windows that face south -- south-facing windows3. a kitchen that is well lit -- a well-lit kitchen4. paint that is based on milk or uses milk as a base ---- milk-based paint5. solutions which are beneficial to the environment -- environmentally-beneficial solutionsTapescript.1. Architect Jim Logan is building his environmentally-sustainable dream-house at the site of a former commune a few miles north of Boulder.2. As you drive onto the small farm property, you're immediately struck bya series of large south-facing windows.3. Walk through the well-lit kitchen, and you'll see that even the north side of the building has a passive solar component.4. In all facets of construction, Logan is emphasizing both biodegradable building products and nontoxic materials. He's using milk-based paint, for example.5. In many cases, many environmentally-beneficial solutions pay for themselves in as little as 6 or 7 or 8 months.Tapescript.1. Logan has incorporated nearly every aspect of a modern eco-conscious design.2. Every room in this house has a window that faces south, regardless of where it's located.3. All the rooms in the house have both day-lighting, which means that there's ample light coming in high into the room so that we don't need to use electric lights during the day.4. As a result, Logan's house will have neither a furnace nor air-conditioning.5. The so-called super-insulation is required to store the solar heat.6. Logan is also using thermal mass, or dirt, to keep the house both warm in the winter and cool in the summer.7. He's using milk-based paint, for example, and relatively little of that.8. This room and the inside of this room -- virtually all the finishes did not need to be painted.9. Painting is a fairly un-environmental act in that it is something that involves chemistry.10. Initially, Logan will get all his water from a well.11. The roof has gutters and will eventually collect rainwater for general use.B3. Main features:south-facing windows: day-lighting, solar heat no furnaceno air-conditioning solar heater: hot waterthree-foot outside walls: adobe + insulation + adobe thermal mass milk-based paintceiling: galvanized inside wall: plaster no carpetnot connected to a water system: well, rainwaterTapescript:A--Alan J--Jones L--LoganA: Many environmentalists and energy experts say that the wave of the future won't be any one miracle cure, but rather overall conservation of available resources. The approach is being spearheaded by a quiet revolution in the eco-conscious construction business. Colorado Public Radio's Peter Jones recently visited a building site near Boulder and brings us this report.J: Architect Jim Logan is building his environmentally sustainable dream-house at the site of a former commune a few miles north of Boulder. Logan has incorporated nearly every aspect of a modern eco-conscious design. As you drive onto the small farm property, you're immediately struck by a series of large south-facing windows. Walk through the well-lit kitchen, and you'll see that even the north side of the building has a passive solar component.L: Every room in this house has a window that faces south, regardless of where it's located, so all the rooms in the house have both day-lighting, which means that there's ample light coming in high into the room so that we don't need to use electric lights during the day, and also have south-facing glass that provides solar heat.J: As a result, Logan's house will have neither a furnace nor air-conditioning. For hot water, he'll tee an active solar heater. But efficient use of the sun is only one of the building's many eco-conscious features.L: The outside walls -- if you include a foot of adobe, a foot of insulation, and another foot of adobe- are three feet thick.J: The so-called super-insulation is required to store the solar heat, but Logan is also using thermal mass, or dirt, to keep the house both warm in the winter and cool in the summer.J: In all facets of construction, Logan is emphasizing both biodegradable building products and nontoxic materials. He's using milk-based paint, for example, and relatively little of that.L: This room and the inside of this room- virtually all the finishes did not need to be painted. The ceiling is made out of galvanized metal and the walls are plaster. Painting is a fairly un-environmental act in that it is something that involves chemistry, it involves doing it over and over many times in the lifetime of the building.J: And don't look for any carpeting in Logan's house.L: Well even if carpet is made from recycled material, it still can't be recycled the second time currently, so carpet virtually always gets thrown away. Also, most carpet gives off volatile organic compounds.J: Initially, Logan will get all his water from a well. The house won't be connected to a city water system. But he says the roof has gutters and will eventually collect rainwater for general use. Logan is paying $75 a square foot to build his house, and estimates environmental features added 10 - 15% to the up-front costs. But he says he'll save money in the long run.L: In many cases, many environmentally-beneficial solutions pay for themselves in as little as 6 or 7 or 8 months. A low-flow showerhead in most situations will pay for itself in a month.UNIT9PART IIIn 1888, Boston, Massachusetts, became the first American city to replace horse-drawn trolleys with electric streetcars. Streetcars, which look similar to train passenger coaches, clanged their bells, rattled around the corners and crried almost 14 billion riders at their height in 1920.old photos show overhead vires crisscrossing almost every US city. Then streetcars ridership replaced trolleys steadily as Americans took to automobiles and communities replaced trolleys with buses. But now it seems cities can’t lay streetcars tracks fast enough.So why is the number of US cities running streetcars and other light rail systems now up to 19? Why are 43 other cities building or drawing plans for light rail lines?Dan T angherlini is acting dicrestor of Wanshington D.C.’s Transportation Department.:Many cities are beginning to re-evaluate that decision to move away from streetcars. We look at current bus ridership members, and many of the routes that have the highest bus ridership were some of our most popular streetcar routes. So there goes the notiong that the buses are providing increased flexibility, at least on those roads. And so maybe there’s something between the very expensive subway systems, which cost between 140 and 200 million dollars a mile and the bus route. And that’s what we’re beginning to ask.Streetcar lines cost less than 10 million dollars a mile to build. Washington is the latest city to announce it is studying the feasibility of bringing back streetcars, even though it already it already enjoys a fast-moving regional subway system called “metro” that runs through several parts of the city.Across country in Washington D.C., Bill Lind works for a conservative think tank called the Free Congress Foundation. The organization has printed several studies supporting light rail transit, including streetcars.“The old rationale for getting rid of the streetcars is that they get in the way of the automobiles. But what we found is that the automobile, generally with one person per car, is probably the least efficient way to use the limited amount of space you have on urban streets. If you’ve got 50 people on board a streetcar, you’re doing a lot better job of making use of the street space you have.”Even if Washington’s transit department gets the green light to bring back streetcars, it’s likely to be at least ten years before Mr. Lind and his neighbor will be riding them. The city has to secure federal funding for a。

多维教程(熟谙)课后答案

多维教程(熟谙)课后答案

多维教程(熟谙)课后答案Unit 1A.1.assess2.alliance3.outcome4.ethical5.identity6.ambiguous7.tolerable8.participates9.pursuit10.constructiveB.1.at stake2.were obliged3.the climate of4.feel well-equipped5.beyond my grasp6.cut back7.other than8.rise above9.care about10.is boundedC.1.incompetent2.indulgence3.migrants4.probesplex6.suspense; engagedpassionate; committed8.tolerant9.tempted10.interconnectedD.1. A. Judging from2. B. in which3. C. and4. D. believe5. A. is one of/ is that of6. B. must get7. C. likely8. D. unemployed9. C. as well as/ and10.B. simpler E.1.what2.graduation3.intend4.getting5.eventually6.survey7.although8.graduates9.transfer10.rise11.attending12.instead13.cause14.because15.attending16.below17.failure18.expectations19.confidencecationKey to the translation from English to Chinese:1.德.汤说过,一切进步,一切发展均来自挑战及由此引起的反应。

最新研究生英语多维教程——课后答案

最新研究生英语多维教程——课后答案

研究生英语系列教程·多维教程·熟谙-英语课后答案Book IIUnit 1A.1. assess2. alliance3. outcome4. ethical5. identity6. ambiguous7. tolerable8. participates9. pursuit10. constructiveB.1. at stake2. were obliged3. the climate of4. feel well-equipped5. beyond my grasp6. cut back7. other than8. rise above9. care about10. is boundedC.1. incompetent2. indulgence3. migrants4. probes5. complex6. suspense; engaged7. compassionate; committed8. tolerant9. tempted10. interconnectedD.1. A. Judging from2. B. in which3. C. and4. D. believe5. A. is one of/ is that of6. B. must get7. C. likely8. D. unemployed9. C. as well as/ and10. B. simplerE.1. what2. graduation3. intend4. getting5. eventually6. survey7. although8. graduates9. transfer10. rise11. attending12. instead13. cause14. because15. attending16. below17. failure18. expectations19. confidence20. educationKey to the translation from English to Chinese:1. 德.汤说过,一切进步,一切发展均来自挑战及由此引起的反应。

研究生英语系列教程多维教程熟谙作文

研究生英语系列教程多维教程熟谙作文

研究生英语系列教程多维教程熟谙作文研究生英语系列教程多位教程熟谙作文Unit 1 My View on Some Problems in China's Higher EducationWith the development of our society, higher education has achieved many significant results. But t here are some problems in China’s higher education. Some of them need to be solved urgently. Traditional education methods make students think the most important task is learning knowledge in books. So many college students work hard and manage to get high points. They do not care ab out whether they grasp it or not. It doesn’t mean their abilities to think out creative ideas and to do practice has be improved. In fact students’ abilities to deal with problems are weak.Higher education ignores how important it is to help these young students get harmonious personn el relationship in society. Many students have high IQ but low EQ. It’s hard for these boys and girl s to tolerate others’ opinions and behaviors.Many universities have not give students plenty of opportunities to do practice. Graduates find so metimes it is hard to use the knowledge into their jobs.How to solve these problems? It needs the whole society to make great efforts. Society should cha nge their concept about higher education. People should know the destination of higher education is to make students understand how to learn, how to live and how to solve actual problems.Universities should give opportunities to students of do practice and finally solve them by the mselves. Professors should conduct them but not to take the place of students.Finally there should be friendly atmosphere on campus. Boys and girls communicate smoothl y and help each other. To keep good personnel relationship is very necessary in society. So now th ey should learn how to do during college life.Unit 3 Bicycles in ChinaBicycles are very popular in China. In our country you can see bicycles almost everywhere. When you walk on the road, you will find a lot of people riding bicycles to school, shops and anywhere else. Therefore, China is known as "the kingdom of bicycles". In China, many families have one or two bicycles.Compared with cars, bicycles have many advantages. First, they are much cheaper than cars.Most Chinese can't afford cars, but they can afford bicycles. Second, bicycles are small enough to parkanywhere, while cars need a larger piece of land to park. Third , take bicycles everyday can keep our healty ,reduse envirenment polution,What's more, with lower speed, bicycles are safer than cars.However, bicycles also bring some problems. Some riders don't obey the traffic rules and some riders don't think about others' safety. So they ride too fast. During rush hours, too many bicycles may cause traffic jams. We still have a long way to go to solve the problem.Unit 4 What’s a Healthy Family?With the development of our society, more and more family develop to a new pattern. Under s uch background, what’s a healthy family? That is a new question we should to solve. Yes. The fam ily now is different from the past. New challenges challenge this family pattern. In my opinion, a h ealthy family should be provided with the following several conditions.Firstly, a healthy family should be a system of sharingresponsibility. A family is like a small collective. Everyone in the family undertake the obligation of maintenance the family. Every famil y member supports each other, just like every member in the collective.Secondly, every member should respect for each other’s privacy. That is not mean we don’t communicate with each other. What we mean is that moderate space is necessary for everyone. A lthough family relationship is close, but no secret will make people feel uncomfortable.Thirdly, the ability to bring quarrels to a quick and satisfying conclusion is very important. M any people believe that the closest people to the more likely to fight. Then how to solve these quar rels seems to become a headache problem. In fact, understanding each other is the most valuable wealth we should haveespecially in family members. No matter what quarrels you have, a good de aling way is necessary for you. Overall, a healthy family requires many conditions. Besides what wehave refered, clear parental guidelines on right and wrong, easy interaction among all family m embers is necessary.In a word, a healthy family need all of the family members try hard.Unit 5 Being the Only ChildWith the Chinese policy of Birth Control,it cannot be denied that nowadays the fact that most of C hinese children are the only child in their families takes shape.And the issue of the only child has been brought public focus.Being the only child,we can get the full love from our parents they consider us their most pr ecious treasure.So they devote their every energy to our growth.We do not have to do too muchh ousework or something like that from an early age.All we are expected to do is to keep our health, study and live a happy life.And whenever we get into trouble our parents will spare no effort to he lp us get rid of it.However,no garden without weeds.Being the only child probably spoils us a lot, which makes us self-willed,irritable and selfish.We often ignore others’ feelings and it cause con flict easier with our friends,even hurt each other.On the other hand,as the only child,we are lonely during the whole growth process with nobody of the same age giving a shoulder to lean when we a re depressed.What a shame it is!Anyhow,the only child as we are,we still need to be strong enough to confront life by our own.Unit6 My View on the Relation between Humans and Nature The relation between humans and nature is an important issue to the evolution of culture and civili zation. How to deal with the relation between ourselves and nature is quite significant to our daily life and the future of humans. The comments on this topic are various from different aspects.For a long time, there has been a general belief that human being is the master of nature, thus man can triumph over nature. Our ancestors managed to make a living on the earth regardless of countl ess disasters caused by the harsh nature. In this perspective, humans are the great master of nature. On the contrary, we have to adapt to the environment around us. A great deal of evidence show th at, more than once, no matter how advanced our modern technology is, nature is far beyond our co ntrol. When we meet disaster, such as earthquake, drought or tsunami, we can do nothing but to ta ke measures to reduce the loss, because the destructive power of nature is not under control.As far as I am concerned, however, the two kinds of views are not contradictory at all. We human beings are only part of the nature. In my view, we ought to hold the viewpoint that the relationship between humans and nature should be tender and interpersonal. In any case, only if we follow the law of nature can we benefit form nature; otherwise, we will be punished by it seriously. All in all, we should try our endeavor to construct the harmonious society and to protect the ecological bala nce.。

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Unit1 从能力到责任当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。

他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西:追求安全保障,追逐物质财富的积累。

年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为,但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。

处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段,他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在,寻找生活的意义。

-----如芸芸众生的我们,他们也陷入了两难的境地。

一方面,他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义,而另一方面,他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑,陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。

最终而言,大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。

尼布尔曾经写道:“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任,他才能够认识到自身的潜力。

一个人如果一味地以自我为中心,他将会失去自我。

”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省,使学生超越以自我为中心的观念,以诚相待,服务社会。

在这一个竞争激烈\残酷的社会,人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明,,甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争,这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力,如今是否仍然适合?毫无疑问,大学生应该履行公民的义务。

美国的教育必须立刻采取行动,使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。

那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。

所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。

设想,怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题,而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。

类似的一头雾水的感觉,公众曾经尝试过。

当他们试图弄懂有关“星球大战”的辩论的问题时,那些关于“威慑”与“反威慑”等高科技的专业术语,曾让公众一筹莫展。

像地方的区域规划,学校种族隔离制的废除,排水系统的问题,公共交通的治理,以及申请获得正在相互竞争的有线电视公司的许可证等这些曾经看起来只是一些地方性事务的事情,现在也需要专家采解决。

这些专家的辩论充满着技术术语,常常使问题变得让人迷惑不解而不会使问题云开雾散,清晰明了。

公共生活的复杂性,要求更多\而非更少的信息资料;需要更积极\而非越来越消极的公众的参与。

对于那些关心“民治政府”的人,公众理解程度的每况愈下是无法接受的。

当今世界,人类生存问题吉凶未卜,无知是不可取的。

那些目光短浅的专家们制定措施时一手遮天,这也是不可容忍的。

作为公民,我们只有找到更好的教育方法,只有提出更棘手的问题,并得到满意的答案,才能在关键的决策时刻承担风险,运用我们所学的知识做出重大决定,否则,我们只能基于盲目地相信一个或几个所谓的专家做出决策。

我们的民主社会需要一批受过良好教育关心他人的年轻人群策群力,本着共同的信念,团结在一起,相互学习,参与到社会民主的建设之中。

民主的社会需要关心民主社会的公众,需要他们成为善于发问的民主参与者,成为知道怎样提出恰如其份的问题的人,知道公共政策的决策形成过程,并能够对那些影响深远的问题做出敏锐的,有见地的判断。

诚然,没有哪个社会机构能独立培养我们所需的领导人才,但我们深信,如果“民治政府’’要有生命力的话,大学相对子其他机构来说,更有责任去培养我们国家所急需的具有宏畴伟略的领导人。

为了完成这个迫切的使命,年轻人的目光不能仅仅停留在国内,还必须放眼世界。

现在的学生不但要对本国的人民与文化了如指掌,而且也应该熟知本国以外的文明。

人类的势力范围已涉及到太空,一切变得都很明了,我们都是同一个星球的守护者。

在过去的半个世纪中,我们的地球变得越来越拥挤,相互依赖性越来越强,同时也更加变化莫测。

如果学生只一味自以为是,不能更好地理解自己在芸芸众生中的地位,那么他们对生活的社会所应承担的责任的能力将慢慢被消磨殆尽,及至危险的境地。

世界或许还没有变成一个小村庄。

但可以肯定的是,我们的邻里意识必须加以扩展。

当旱灾席卷撒哈拉沙漠,当印度支那战争带来难民潮时,我们的同情心,我们富于分析的智慧都不再受缚于地图上的政治分界线。

我们开始知道,饥荒和人权已如同武器\条约一样,对人类团结起着决定性的影响。

最令人担心的是,蘑菇云已在人类意识里投下了不祥的阴影。

这些业已存在的事实及其带来的后果都必须让每个学生了解。

然而,在研究中,我们发现了一个极其令人担忧的问题:大学校园对诸如此类的社会常识极端缺乏了解,有时,校园甚至弥漫着一种对世事的冷漠与不关心的氛围。

当难民如潮水一般从一个国家涌入到另外一个国家时,我们却只有极少数学生能在地图上指出这些难民潮的流向,或是谈论起导致难民潮泛滥而起的饥荒、战争和贫穷等世事。

世界各地的哲学家、政治家、发明家和艺术家的丰功伟绩丰富了我们的生活,但他们本人及其贡献却时常不为人知,或是被世人遗忘在角落里。

虽然有一些学生已具备了放眼全球的视角,然而,大多数学生——尽管他们对世事的关注忽隐忽现,却对他们赖以生存\相互依赖的世界缺乏足够的了解。

圣母玛丽亚大学的学院院长威廉·杜黑近期写道:“许多大学教育的问题就在于学校纵容学生们本能地在校园内自筑围城,自我封闭,构筑自己小范围的交往圈,而不去触及学校以外的现实的社会交际。

”综上所述,我们很自然地得出一个结论:世界发生了巨变,世界变得越来越拥挤,相互的联系变得越来越强,同时也更加动荡不安起来。

美国的新一代必须学会如何在这个日益复杂的世界里生活。

如果大学教育不能帮助学生认识自我,超越自我,不能让他们更好地理解世界相互依存的本质特征,那么新生的一代就会变得无知,他们生活的信心及生活的责任感将慢慢被消磨殆尽,及至危险的境地。

通过研究,我们深有感触地认识到当今大学教育最成功之处就是培养学生的综合能力——使学生具备依既定计划行事的能力;具备收集资料信息的能力;考尽其能,术业专攻。

具有成功地处理好单独问题的能力在今天被认为是值得高度称赞的事情。

然而,当我们问及学生们关于他们的大学教育的时候,他们几乎都毫无例外地谈论起他们所获得的学分或是他们仍然需要完成的课程。

教育的终极目的是什么?能力会带采什么结果?各种科学技术都无法回答诸如此类的一些极为重要的问题。

大学教育阶段,是一个人一生中价值观念得以形成的时期,个人的兴趣和爱好也在这一时期凸现出来。

这一时期,人们对一些问题的感触最深,对一些悬而未决的疑难问题最感兴趣,创造力最活跃。

如果人生的这一黄金时期被置于无人问津的次要地位,那将是人生的悲剧。

在大学本科教育阶段,如果学生们习惯于墨守成规,陷入学术界有时过分倡导的条条框框的束缚之中,那将是人生的一大遗憾。

学生们是在处于人生期望值最高的时刻步入大学校园的。

然而,他们往往却由此而陷入陈规陋习之中,变得死气沉沉,心不在焉。

当我们与老师和同学交谈时,经常会感到丝丝不安:人类生存所必须关注的最重要的问题——社会的自然属性,社会不平等的根源——事实上,这些问题与人类生存的前景休戚相关,却是大学教育中最少被触及的问题。

当学生能够熟练地运用知识,拥有坚实的基础教育,并在某一专业领域有所特长时,大学教育的结果应该由学生在课堂的表现来衡量。

进一步而言,本科教育经历的价值将通过毕业生在其工作岗位上的表现及其以后接受进一步教育的情况体现出来。

最终而言,大学的教育会使学生们充满灵性,开拓思维,格物致知\学以致用,塑造价值观念,进而提高综合的能力。

本科教育的最高境界将能够让学生从具备能力转变为承担起责任。

近期,一名大学生写了一篇关于年轻人的责任及其未来的文章。

她问到:“如果我们连奉献于人的精神都缺乏的话,更不用说一套一套的抽象的价值观念,难以想象我们的民族将会是什么样子。

如果说自身利益是我们崇尚的最高价值观念,人性只是一件无利可图的商品,那么我们将选择什么样的政治人物呢?”总之,大学教育应该鼓励每位同学提高在生活及行为中明辨常理的能力,无论是在课堂上,或是在地下室餐馆,或是在深夜的自由交谈中,力争分秒,探求模棱两可的未知世界,思索那捉摸不定的人类的情感世界。

大学的目的不是向学生进行思想灌输,而是要让他们在思想的国度里畅游,为他们提供良好的氛围,以培养正确的伦理道德观并形成坚定的信念。

这一非同寻常的任务并不否定学生在专业学习上必须付出努力,但选择学习任何一类专业都不应成为他们中断明辨事理能力培养的理由,也不应成为葬送其探求人类生活的终极关怀的这一过程的理由。

我们深刻地意识到,年轻的学子以及他们所生活的大学对当今我们所处的时代的一些事情的接触是有限的。

但我们永远希望,大学教育应以其坚韧的毅力和不懈的努力,促使其毕业生在智力水平及社会生活中成为聪明显赫的人;在他们所乐于承担的社会职责及公民的责任方面能够做到与众不同,最终促使年轻人在世界观的选择上出类拔萃。

这些无形的价值观念,却真实地揭示了年轻人自身价值之所在。

大学教育的质量最终必须以这些无形的价值观念的培养与否来衡量。

Unit2 家庭企业:下一代的前景1美国正处在人类历史上最大的一个财富交接的过程中。

在今后的20年里,估计有150亿美元的资产将会转移到下一代的手中。

2大多数的财富交接会以家庭企业的方式进行。

但是很多情况下,财富交接的成功与否令人怀疑。

事实上,多数的交接工作将会失败。

一般来说,只有1/3的企业才能成功地移交到下一代手中。

一个家庭企业能生存到第三代是寥寥无几的。

3在下—个十年里,数以千计的家庭企业,其中有些是家喻户晓的企业将会消失。

糟糕的是许多企业只有进行适当的规划才能勉强生存。

然而,很多企业已为时太晚了。

一个家庭企业着手规划交接的适当时机不是提前一年,三年甚至是五年进行的。

确切地说,一个包括复杂的财产规划策略的综合性的交接计划一般至少要在十年的基础上才能适当地完成。

4无论规模的大小,技术的高低或名气是否响亮,每一个家庭企业都是不一样的。

但是无论怎样不同,在一个企业顺利地交接到下一代之前,以下四个关键性的因素应计划到位。

计划你的交接管理机构5业主/企业创建者不仅进取心强而且精力充沛。

他们往往擅长多种技能。

在很多情况下,他们既是生产专家,又是营销天才或经验丰富的金融家。

要接替他们的工作则需要较多的人。

因此,家庭企业的业主应当通过制定组织机构图来明确规定企业该怎样运作。

参与交接过程的每个主要成员也应制定他们自己的组织机构图。

然后,对它们进行比较。

各机构图之间的不同点将表明管理体制上的差异、存在误会的主要方面及观念上的分歧。

6以朱蒂为例。

朱蒂拥有一家软件公司,她共有三个孩子:一个是电脑天才,一个是赛车手,还有一个拿到了商业方面的文凭但对经营公司却毫无兴趣。

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