初中英语备课参考 A Geography lesson

单元总结
1. Injured=wounded a.受伤的→injure v.伤害 The injured were taken to the hospital at once. About 3 people were injured in the accident. 2. situation=position, state of affaires n.情况, 形式 After the earthquake, the situation became worse and worse. 3. Hunger n. 饥饿→ hungry a.饥饿的 4. Suffer (from) =feel pain vt.＆vi 遭受,忍受 Some people are still suffering from cold and hunger. These flowers cannot suffer a cold winter. 5. illness=sickness n. 疾病 →ill a.病的 The old man is suffering from illness.
2.Do you know how people help the homeless? 你知道人们如何帮助无家可归的人吗? homeless 表示无家可归的。 例句：
Let's chip in some money to help the homeless. 让我们捐款援助那些无家可归的人。
【语法专项讲解】
C. copied D. offered
【答案】B 【解析】动词的形式是 will be done, 句意是如果实行无纸办公，每年至少有一百万吨纸张被 节省，所以选 B。
3.（2012 年阜康）The old over 90 many places.
not only by their family but also by the government in
Module three Unit 2 A Geography lesson
目标导学
知识目标
语音 词汇
句型句式 重点语法
/ei/、/ʌ/ 单词 injured、situation、hunger、suffer、illness 短语 feel pain 、On business 、for lack of
课外拓展
主动语态变被动语态的几种特殊情况： 省略 to 的动词不定式在被动语态句子中必须还原 to。 如： The boss make the workers work 12 hours every day. The workers were make to work 12 hours every day. 带双宾语的句子改被动语态：如果人宾语提前做主语，则按一般规则改写；如果物宾语提前 做主语，那么在人宾语前必须加上 to, for 等介词。 如： My father gave me a watch as a birthday present yesterday. I was given a watch by my father as a birthday present yesterday. A watch was given to me by my father as a birthday present yesterday.
the wounded 伤员；the homeless 无家可归者；the blind 盲人 12. Call on v. 号召，拜访= visit
The Party calls on the college students to work in the west. We’ll call on an old Red Army man the day after tomorrow. 13. Peace n.和平 =a condition or period in which there is no war
2.situation 形势；局面
situation 的基本意思是“形势,情况”,多指国家的政治局势,经济状态等。是可数名词。 例句：
The overall situation is worsening. 整体形势在日益恶化。
3.hunger 饥饿； 渴望
hunger 的基本意思是“饿,饥饿”,指由于没有食物充饥而感到腹中难受。hunger 还可指“欲望”, 指得到或拥有某物的想法十分强烈。 例句：
A. is looked at
B. are taken good care of C. are taken good care D. is looking after 【答案】B 【解析】the old 表示老人这一类人，看成复数，再者一般情况下不及物动词没有被动语态， 一些动词短语可以有被动语态，但短语中的介词、副词不能省略。故选 B。
Immediately, the injured boy was sent to hospital. immediately ad.→ immediate a.立即的，立刻的
10. Gather vt. ＆ vi.聚集,召集= come or bring sb./sth. together in one place gather v. → gathering n.聚集，集会
He was goaded by hunger into stealing. 他为饥饿所迫而行窃。
4.suffer 遭受；ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ受；容忍 suffer 的基本意思是“受苦”,所受的痛苦可以是肉体上的,也可以是精神上的,也可指某人或某 集体“遭受利益上的损失”。还可作“忍受,承受”“变坏〔差、糟〕”“容许,允许”等解。 例句：
They suffered huge losses in the financial crisis. 他们在经济危机时遭受了巨大的损失。
5.illness 病；疾病 illness 是由 ill 加后缀 ness 构成的合成词,是“病,疾病”的意思,多指生病的状态。 例句：
His illness diminished his health. 疾病侵蚀了他的健康。
精讲精析
被动语态
主动语态改被动语态的步骤： 划出主动语态句子的主语、谓语、宾语部分 把主动语态句子的宾语拿出来当被动语态句子的主语 把主动语态句子中的谓语改写成被 动形式的谓语 把主动语态句子的主语变成宾格跟在介词 by 后面，一起放在谓语后面。 其他多余部分跟 在后面。
The girl sells children’s books every day. Children’s books are sold by the girl every day.
【中考链接】
1.（2012 年梅州）In the old days, they_______ in the factory from morning to evening. A. were made to work B. asked to work C. made to work
D. were asked for work 【答案】A
现在你看到破坏性地震是怎么样的! 你知道人们如何帮助无家可归的人吗? 当你长大后，你将能够解决这个问题。
【课文词汇全解】
语音
字母及字母组合
发音
举例
a
/ei/
u
/ʌ/
词汇
situation hunger
1. injured 受伤的
用作形容词（adj.） 例句：
The injured passengers were rushed to the hospital. 受伤的乘客被急忙送到医院。
come or bring sb physically injured or hurt 被动语态
能力目标
1.掌握简单的被动语态 2.理解课文含义。
拓展目标 掌握被动语态和主动语态
知识详解
【课文情景描述】
汉语描述 一堂地理课 英语描述 A Geography lesson
【课文内容全译】
教材原文 I downloaded some information about the 1976 Tangshan earthquake in China. Please go ahead. The whole town was destroyed, and 242,000 people were killed. Lots of villages were destroyed, and cities were damaged. Now you see how destructive earthquakes are! Do you know how people help the homeless? When you grow up, you will be able to solve this problem. 汉语翻译 我下载了一些关于在中国 1976 年唐山大地震的信息。 请到前面来。 整个城市被毁,242000 人丧生。 很多村庄被毁,城市被毁。
I surfed the Internet and gathered some information about the earthquake. All the people gathered together to welcome the New Year. 11. Wounded a. 受伤的= physically injured or hurt
【课文句型讲解】
1.Now you see how destructive earthquakes are!现在你看到破坏性地震是怎么样的! destructive 的基本意思是“破坏性的,毁灭性的”,作表语时可与介词 to 或 of 连用。
例句：
Are all small children so destructive? 是不是儿童都喜欢破坏?
【解析】in the old days 表示过去，考察一般过去时的被动语态，故选 A. 2.（2012 年东营）If all business goes paperless, at least one million tons of paper
will be
a year.
A. used
B. saved
He was absent from school because of his illness. 6. Banker n. 银行家 →bank n.银行 7. On business 因公,出差 My father went to Beijing on business yesterday.
Many people come to China either for sightseeing or on business. business n. 商业,事务→ busy a. 繁忙的 8. Lack v. ＆ n.缺乏= have less than enough, for lack of:由于缺乏…… Many people are suffering from hunger for lack of food after the floods. For lack of money, they had to cancel their travel plans. 9. Immediately ad. 立刻，马上 = at once, right now, right away