非谓语动词用法精讲-done
非谓语动词用法总结
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既能加to do 有能加doing做宾语的动词,意 思基本没有区别的: Like to do /like doing sth Start to do /start doing Hate to do sth /hate doing sth Love to do /love doing sth 既能加to do 有能加doing做宾语的动词,意 思基本有区别的: Stop to do Stop doing forget to do Forget doing Remember to do Remember doing Regret to do Regret doing Mean to do 打算做某事 Mean doing 意味着做某事 Can’t help to do 不能帮忙做某事 Can’t help doing 忍不住做某事
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Doing 动名词一般作主语,宾语,表语,定语 1)作主语 Listening to teachers in class is very important. 动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 2)动名词作宾语(放在介词或者是及物动词后面) 只能加doing做宾语的及物动词和动词短语 Enjoy ,finish, miss(错过),excuse(原谅),admit(承 认),avoid(避免),imagine(想象),appreciate (感 激,欣赏),escape(逃避),postpone 推迟,dislike (不喜欢), • Give up , put off, put up with(容忍,忍受) ,get down to (开始认真做某事),set about (着手),make contributions to ,contribute to, look forward to, devote …to .., object to(反对), be opposed to, pay attention to
高中英语语法 非谓语动词 全
非谓语动词非谓语动词。
在英语中,不能作句子谓语,而是担任其它语法功能的动词叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词的时态和语态的不同形式动词不定式动名词分词主动to do doing doing(同时,主动)被动to be done being done done(被动,完成)进行主动to be doing进行被动being done进行,被动主动完成to havedone having done having done(主动,完成一般作状语)被动完成to havebeen done having beendonehaving beendone(被动,完成一般作状语)非谓语动词在句中的作用主语宾语表语补语定语状语不定式√√√√√√动名词√√√√分词√√√√一:分词(现在分词和过去分词,分别表示:主动,行进&被动,完成)1)作定语The girl standing by the window is my sister.=The girl who is standing by the window is my sister.This is a book written by a famous Chinese writer.= This is a book which was written by a famous Chinese writer.2) 作状语(一般表示时间,原因,条件,伴随)有时可将从句中when/while /unless/if 等保留(While/When)Walking in the street ,I saw her.=While/When I was walking in the street ,I saw her.(表示时间)Seen from the hill,our school looks more beautiful.=When our school is seen from the hill,it looks more beautiful.从小山上看,我们学校更美了。
非谓语动词-done(高中英语考点分析+精讲精练)
过去分词考点测试考点一:过去分词与现在分词一般式的区别过去分词表示被动和人的心理感受,而现在分词一般式表示主动和事情本身所具有的性质或特点。
1.Mr Smith,____of the____speech,started to read a novel.A.tired,boringB.tiring,boredC.tired,boredD.tiring,boring2.①You should understand the traffic rule by now.You’ve had it____often enough.A.explainingB.to explainC.explainD.explained②Jenny hopes that Mr.Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English in a short period.A.improvedB.improvingC.to improveD.improve3.①_____with the size of the whole earth,the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.pareB.when comparingparingD.When compared②When help,one often says“Thank you.”or“It’s kind of you.”A.offering B.to offer C.to be offered D.offered③The flowers his friend gave him will die unless________every day.A.wateredB.wateringC.waterD.to water4.There have been several new events_____to the program for the2008Beijing Olympic Games.A.addB.to addC.addingD.added5._______for the breakdown of the school computer network,Alice was in low spirits.A.BlamingB.BlamedC.To blameD.To be blamed6.______with so much trouble,we failed to complete the task on time.A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.To face7.①A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending,but the reader must not be left.A.unsatisfiedB.unsatisfyingC.to be unsatisfyingD.being unsatisfied②He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them______in his lectures.A.interestedB.interestingC.interestD.to interest8.Please remain_________until the plane has come to a complete stop.A.to seat B.to be seated C.seating D.seated9.“Things_________never come again!”I couldn’t help talking to myself.A.lostB.losingC.to loseD.have lost考点二:过去分词与现在分词主动完成式的区别过去分词表示被动,而现在分词主动完成式只表示完成。
非谓语动词用法总结
非谓语动词用法总结非谓语动词是历年高考英语的重要考点之一,同时也是较难掌握的难点之一。
它贯穿于英语学习和考试过程的始终。
但是,只要认真分析、透彻理解、看透本质、准确把握,就一定能在高考中运筹帷幄,游刃有余。
一.非谓语动词区别简表二.不定式的用法不定式不可作谓语,但它可以有自己的宾语、状语,构成不定式短语,在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语(表用途)、状语或补足语。
高考对不定式的考查主要有不定式的时态、语态、作用、否定、省略、连词+不定式等。
作主语不定式作主语表示具体的动作,通常指一件已知的事或目的。
不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
eg:To say is a thing,to do is another.(说是一回事,做是另外一回事。
)(2)不定式短语较长时,通常放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语。
eg:①It is important to learn English well.(学好英语是重要的。
)②It is necessary for us to do the job well.(我们做好这项工作是必要的。
)③It is a great honor to be invited to give a speech here.(被邀请在这儿发表演讲是一个极大的荣幸。
)2.作宾语(1)常只用不定式作宾语的动词有:want,wish,hope,long,expect,desire,intend,decid e,ask,promise,aim,offer,agree,plan,learn,choos e,refuse,fail,manage,pretend等。
eg:①He refused to help me.(他拒绝帮助我.)②She has agreed to come tomorrow.(他已同意明天来.)(2) 不定式较长时,作宾语,也可用it代替,放在后面。
eg;I find it difficult to do the job well.(3) “特殊疑问词﹢不定式to do结构”具有名词特征,可作宾语。
非谓语动词之done的用法(公开课)
非谓语动词之过去分词done的用法一、教学目标:1.掌握非谓语动词中的过去分词的基本用法2.能判定动词过去分词所作的句子成分二、教学重难点区分动词过去分词在句子中充当的成分三、教学方法自主学习、合作探究四、教学过程(一)、课前检测1.非谓语动词的三种形式:_______ _______ _______2.常见的系动词:________________________________3.写出以下动词的汉语意思、动词过去式、过去分词close_______ _______ _______ decorate_______ _______ _______fall _______ _______ _______ provide _______ _______ _______break_______ _______ _______ surround _______ _______ _______hold _______ _______ _______ tire _______ _______ _______take _______ _______ _______ feel _______ _______ _______sing_______ _______ _______ cut _______ _______ _______(二)、回顾动词过去分词的基本用法①be +done,作谓语时,构成_____________②have, has 或had+done,作谓语,构成_____________③过去分词强调____________(三)、过去分词done的句法功能1.过去分词作表语过去分词作表语时,总是在系动词__________________________等之后,构成系表结构,表示主语所处的________________。
eg. The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。
He is tired. 他是疲劳的。
高中英语语法专项精讲-非谓语动词讲解
非谓语动词非谓语动词包括不定式(to do)、动名词(-ing)、现在分词(-ing)与过去分词(-ed)。
它们不受主语人称和数的限制,动词不定式定义:动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,它没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能独立作谓语,但它仍保持动词的特点,一、不定式的意义1. 不定式的一般式:一般式表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态的同时或之后。
当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般要用被动式(to be done).eg: He seemed to be tired. The building to be finished next month is for our teachers.2. 不定式的进行式:进行式表示动作正在进行,与谓语的动作同时发生。
e.g. When I went to his home, he happened to be traveling around the world.3. 不定式的完成式:如果不定式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示动作或状态之前,就用完成式;若是在此基础上的被动含义,就用完成被动式( to have been done).e.g. He is said to have written a novel about the Long March.He is said to have been taught French when he was a child.4. 不定式的完成进行式:如果不定式的动作是在谓语所表示的时间之前一直在进行或有可能继续进行的动作,就要用完成进行式.eg: We’re happy to have been working with the experts all the month.二、不定式的用法:1. 不定式做主语:不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。
而动名词doing 表示习惯的,经常的动作。
新教材2025版高中英语语法精讲4非谓语动词综述学案牛津译林版选择性必修第一册
语法精讲④非谓语动词综述非谓语动词通常指动词不定式、动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式。
它们的基本形式的改变1.非谓语动词作主语:动词不定式与动词-ing形式(1)动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语相当于名词,单个动词不定式(短语)作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。
❶To climb the mountain road is easy while to go down the hills is hard.上山简单下山难。
[特殊留意] 在当代英语中,常用it作形式主语,将真正的主语(不定式)放在后面。
It is not easy to find your way around the town.在这个小镇要找到路很不简单。
(2)动名词(短语)作主语动名词具出名词的基本性质,因此动名词可以在句子中充当主语。
单个动名词(短语)作主语时,句子的谓语动词通常用单数。
①动名词(短语)在句首干脆作主语。
❷Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language.大声朗读对我们学外语来说很重要。
②it在句首作形式主语,而动名词(短语)作句子真正的主语,常用表达有:It's a waste of time doing sth.做某事奢侈时间It's useless/worthwhile doing sth.做某事是没用的/值得的It's no use doing sth.做某事是没用的It was a waste of time reading that book.读那本书就是在奢侈时间。
(此句中It为形式主语,真正的主语为reading that book) 2.非谓语动词作宾语:动词不定式与动词-ing形式(1)接动词不定式作宾语的动词(短语)英语中有些动词或动词短语应接不定式作宾语,常用的有:afford(负担得起),agree(同意),arrange(支配),ask(恳求),attempt(尝试),choose(选择),desire(渴望),decide/determine (确定),expect(预料),fail(失败;未做到),help(帮助),hope(希望),intend(准备),learn(学习),manage(设法做成),offer(情愿),plan(支配),prepare(准备),pretend(假装),promise(许诺;答应),refuse(拒绝),wish(希望),would like/want(想要)等。
非谓语动词语法精讲
非谓语动词非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,但同时仍保留动词的某些特征,如有自己的宾语、状语等。
非谓语动词主要有不定式、动名词、和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。
非谓语动词在句中的作用以及各自的时态和语态的不同形式如下:动词不定式动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,它没有人称和数的变化,在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语。
一、不定式的句法功能1、作主语:To see is to belive.(眼见为实)It is right to give up smoking .It took me two hours to finish the article.How to use the computer is a question .注意区分:如果要说明不定式的动作是谁做的,可以在不定式前加for 引导的短语,即构成“for+名词/代词宾格+不定式”;某些表示人的品行的形容词(如kind,good,nice,wrong,careless,wise,foolish,polite,clever,right,unwise,stuoid,thoughtf ul,rude,silly,impolite等)作表语时,不定式前常可用of引导的短语,即“be+形容词+of+名词/代词的宾格+不定式”。
例如:It is good for us to take part in physical labour.It is stupid of her to make such a mistake .2、作宾语:(1)、I forgot to turn the light off last night .常见的只能加不定式作宾语的动词有decide, agree, expect,fail, happen,hope,afford, long(渴望), manage, plan, pretend, promise, demand, prepare, ask, learn, choose, refuse, wish, .例如:They expect to see the manager soon.(2)、若宾语后带有宾补,常用形式宾语it,构成句式“主语+Vt+it+宾补(形容词或名词)+to do”。
非谓语动词doing和done做状语的用法技巧
高中英语秋季班(教师版)11 / 6初三英语同步课程秋季班-高中英语-复习课-写作技巧22 / 6初三英语同步课程秋季班-高中英语-复习课-写作技巧v1.0 可编辑可修改33 / 6初三英语同步课程 秋季班-高中英语-复习课-写作技巧一、用动词的适当形式填空:非谓语动词作状语大多相当于一个状语从句A.作时间状语:eg.)①_______ (hear) the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.= _______________, they couldn’t help crying.②When/ While( _____ _____ ) ____ (take) around the city, we were deeply impressed by the city’s new look.While/When (I was) _____ (wander) through the square, I caught sight of a snake-charmer. ③_______ (finish) his work, he went home.=_____________, he went home.B.作原因状语:Eg.) ①_____ (be poor), he could not afford to travel abroad.=____________, he could not afford to travel abroad.________ (encourage) by his heroic deeds, they worked harder._______ (lose) in thought, he almost ran into a post.________ (frighten) by the big forest fire, the animals all ran away._____ (not know) her address, we couldn't get in touch with her.②______ (never be) to the city, he soon got lost._________ (not receive) his letter, I decided to call him up.知识点讲解=_____________.C.方式/伴随状语;Eg.)①She watched the film, _____ (weep ) and ___ (sigh).②The teacher stood there, ______ (surround) by a lot of students.D.作条件状语:Eg.)①______ (give) another chance, I would have done the job far better.=______________ , I would have done the job far better.②(If) _____ (play) all day, you will waste your valuable time.E.作结果状语:(意料中的结果)Eg.)① The hunters fired, _____(shoot) one of the wolves.②The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus _____ (cause) the delay.区别: 不定式表示意外的结果eg.) He hurried to the station, only ____ (find) the train had left.F.作让步状语:Eg.)①Though ____ (rain) heavily, it cleared up very soon.= _____________, it cleared up very soon.②Though _____ (tell) of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.分词作状语时, 需注意事项:A.分词短语作状语时,它的逻辑主语通常应是________ :____ (see) from the hill, the city is beautiful.___ (see) from the hill, you can see the whole city二、使用doing和done简化以下状语从句:44 / 6初三英语同步课程秋季班-高中英语-复习课-写作技巧1.When arriving, send me a telegram. (When you arrive, send me a telegram.) 到达之后,来个电报。
非谓语动词doing和done做状语的用法技巧
高中英语秋季班(教师版)知识点讲解一、用动词的适当形式填空:非谓语动词作状语大多相当于一个状语从句A.作时间状语:eg.)①_______ (hear) the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.= _______________, they couldn’t help crying.②When/ While( _____ _____ ) ____ (take) around the city, we were deeply impressed by the city’s new look.While/When (I was) _____ (wander) through the square, I caught sight of a snake-charmer.③_______ (finish) his work, he went home.=_____________, he went home.B.作原因状语:Eg.) ①_____ (be poor), he could not afford to travel abroad.=____________, he could not afford to travel abroad.________ (encourage) by his heroic deeds, they worked harder._______ (lose) in thought, he almost ran into a post.________ (frighten) by the big forest fire, the animals all ran away._____ (not know) her address, we couldn't get in touch with her.②______ (never be) to the city, he soon got lost._________ (not receive) his letter, I decided to call him up.=_____________.C.方式/伴随状语;Eg.)①She watched the film, _____ (weep ) and ___ (sigh).②The teacher stood there, ______ (surround) by a lot of students.D.作条件状语:Eg.)①______ (give) another chance, I would have done the job far better.=______________ , I would have done the job far better.②(If) _____ (play) all day, you will waste your valuable time.E.作结果状语:(意料中的结果)Eg.)① The hunters fired, _____(shoot) one of the wolves.②The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus _____ (cause) the delay.区别: 不定式表示意外的结果eg.) He hurried to the station, only ____ (find) the train had left.F.作让步状语:Eg.)①Though ____ (rain) heavily, it cleared up very soon.= _____________, it cleared up very soon.②Though _____ (tell) of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.分词作状语时, 需注意事项:A.分词短语作状语时,它的逻辑主语通常应是________ :____ (see) from the hill, the city is beautiful.___ (see) from the hill, you can see the whole city二、使用doing和done简化以下状语从句:1. When arriving, send me a telegram. (When you arrive, send me a telegram.) 到达之后,来个电报。
非谓语动词语法:动名词的用法
非谓语动词语法:动名词的用法非谓语动词语法:动名词的用法1doing being donehaving done having been done动名词的基本用法:(1)主语:Saving is easier than doing.His coming here will be a great help.It is no use waiting here, he has left.There is no getting along with him.(简直无法和他相处)(2)表语:His job is keeping the hall clean as possible.Seeing is believing.(3)宾语:a. 动词宾语:He admitted taking the book.I do mind your smoking here.重磅要点:下列动词须跟动名词作宾语:admit, appreciate, avoid, complete, delay, deny, enjoy, fancy, finish, mind, practice, resent, risk, suggest, allow, permit...特注:以allow为例:allow + doing sth(动名词作宾语)。
但可以:Allow sb to do sth(不定式作宾补)。
这类动词常见如advise, allow, permit, recommend, etc.b. 作介词宾语:He left without saying goodbye to us.Im looking forward to meeting you.(to 在这里是介词)(4)定语:reading room swimming pool walking stick动名词时态:I am thinking of setting a new dictionary.(以后)He never talked to me about his having been in Paris.(以前)动名词语态:He doesnt like being flattered.I heard of his having been chosen to be the coach of the team.动名词复合结构:由名词全部格或物主代词与动名词构成。
非谓语动词用法精讲-doing
3 动词-ing形式的一般式有时也可表示在谓语动 词的动作之前或之后发生的动作。
I remembered sending him an e-mail last week. (前) He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday. (后)
see the school library.
语态
D 动词-ing形式的否定形式 动词-ing形式的否定形式由not加动词-ing 形式构成。 His not coming made everyone present very disappointed.
否定
A 动词-ing形式作主语
1 动词-ing形式可直接置于句首作主语。
I really regretted missing such an exciting lecture.
= I really regretted having missed such an exciting lecture
We remembered seeing the film.
时
(=We remembered having seen the film.) 态
There is no joking about such
B 动词-ing形式作表语
1 表示主语的内容 Her job is keeping the lecture hall as
clean as possible 2 表示主语具有的特征
The problem is quite puzzling.
✓✓ ✓
✓
• 3.语态:必须搞清逻辑主语 与非谓语动词的关系,从而 来确定非谓语动词态的语态。
DOING
非谓语动词讲解
一、非谓语动词定义Key concept: 非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词,主要包括不定式 to do 、动名词和过去分词,即动词的非谓语形式,通常可以再句子中担任除谓语以外的其他成分,而且不受主语的人称和数的限制。
二、动词-ing 形式、过去分词和不定式的用法区别非谓语动词的语法功能所能充当的成分主语表语宾语宾语补足语定语状语V-ing 形式现在分词△△△△动名词△ △ △ △不定式(to do ) △ △ △ △ △△ 过去分词(done)△△△ △1. 不定式to do, 动词-ing 和过去分词三者辨析:Eg. 1) The film is disappointing.2) We are disappointed with the film. 3) Our aim is to enter the universities.批注:以上三个例句中,例1动词-ing 形式作表语,表示主语the film 的性质和特点,表语和主语的位置不可以互换;例2过去分词作表语,表示主语we所处的状态,表语和主语的位置不可以互换;高中英语非谓语动词用法辨析详解作表语例3不定式作表语,表示主语的内容“我们的目标是什么”。
表语和主语的位置可以互换。
总结:非谓语动词作表语时的区别动词-ing形式作表语时,主要表示主语的具体内容,或主语的性质、特点。
多数情况下,主语和表语的位置不可以互换。
过去分词-ed 作表语时,主要表示主语所处的状态。
主语和表语的位置不可以互换。
动词不定式to do 表示主语的具体内容。
主语和表语的位置可以互换。
Eg. 1) Please go to the sleeping car.2) Look, the falling leaves are all yellow. Lots of fallen leaves make the road yellow.看,这些落叶(正在下落)全是黄色的。
非谓语动词用法归纳(语法
精心整理非谓语动词用法归纳/Youshouldtrytoavoidmakingmistakes. Thebookisworthreading.Thebookdeservesreading.(2)表进行Walkingonthegrassland,Isawasnake.=WhenIwaswalkingonthegr assland,Isawasnake.ThemanspeakingEnglishisTom.=ThemanwhoisspeakingEnglishis Tom.(3)表主动ThemanspeakingEnglishisTom=ThemanwhospeaksEnglishisTom.=ThemanwhospokeEnglishisTo m.Nobodydinksboilingwaterbutboiledwater.=Nobodydinkswatert hatisboilingbutthewaterthathasboiled.(4)表伴随IstandoutsidewaitingforMr.Chen. Ilieinbedreadinganovel.(5)表性质;特点((词Havingdonethework,Ihadashortrest.=AfterIhaddonethework,I hadashortrest.Havingdonethework,Iwentbackhome.Havingbeendone,theworkwascheckedbytheleaders.4.havingbeendone用于句首;有先后动作表完成有先后动作表完成,(有过去时间或过去动作)Iappreciatehavingbeengiventheopportunitytostudyabroad twoyearsago.(要求动词后)=IappreciatethatIwasgiventheopportunitytostudyabroadt woyearsago.Havingbeengiventheopportunitytostudyabroadtwoyearsago ,Istillappreciateyourhelpthen.=BecauseIwasgiventheopportunitytostudyabroadtwoyearsa go,IstillappreciateyourhelpthenIappreciatehavingbeengiventheopportunitytostudyabroad twoyearsago.IenjoygivingtheopportunitytostudyabroadtoMr.Wang.Iappreciatebeinggiventheopportunitytostudyabroadnow.得请求注定能够碰巧long忽视计划/允许try想要始干。
非谓语having done和having been done
探究非谓语动词 having done 和 having been done 的应用在英语语法中,非谓语动词做伴随状语的情况比较常见,其中 having done 和 having been done 是两个常用的形式。
本文将介绍它们的含义、用法和区别。
下面是本店铺为大家精心编写的5篇《探究非谓语动词 having done 和 having been done 的应用》,供大家借鉴与参考,希望对大家有所帮助。
《探究非谓语动词 having done 和 having been done 的应用》篇1一、having done 的用法having done 是现在分词的完成式,表示动作在谓语动词之前发生,并且对谓语动词有伴随作用。
having done 通常用于以下几种情况:1. 完成式的伴随状语having done 可以用于完成式的伴随状语,表示在谓语动词之前完成的动作。
例如:- Having finished my homework, I went to bed.(完成作业后,我去睡觉了。
)2. 结果状的伴随状语having done 还可以用于结果状的伴随状语,表示动作完成的结果。
例如:- Having broken his arm, he had to go to the hospital.(摔断手臂后,他不得不去医院。
)二、having been done 的用法having been done 是现在分词的完成被动式,表示被动动作在谓语动词之前发生,并且对谓语动词有伴随作用。
having been done 通常用于以下几种情况:1. 被动式的伴随状语having been done 可以用于被动式的伴随状语,表示在谓语动词之前发生的被动动作。
例如:- Having been invited to the party, she was excited to attend.(被邀请参加聚会后,她很兴奋地去了。
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比较
动词get后也可接动词不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语补 足语,和宾语是主动关系。
I couldn't get the car to start this morning. He got his sister to help him with his clothes. It is not hard to get him talking; the problem is stopping him!
text? 【正】Can you make the text understood by the
④ 使役动词have后既可接动词-ed形式,也可 接动词不定式和动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。 三者之间有一定的区别。 have 不定式动作由have的宾语发出,
表示让某人做某事
I‘m going to have the teacher answer this question after class.
excited
激动的
puzzled
迷惑的
satisfied
感到满意的
worried
烦恼的
tired
疲劳的
pleased
高兴的
astonished 惊讶的
1)分词与动名词作表语时的区别:
1.Our plan is _finishing_( finish ) the task before May.
2. Tom’s job was _guarding_( guard ) the factory.
Can you really get that old clock going again?
点津坊
动词make后的宾语补足语可用不带to的动词不定式或 动词-ed形式,但不可用动词-ing形式。
【误】Can you make the students understanding the
text? 【正】Can you make the students understand the
2 在使役动词get, have, make, leave, keep等后作宾语 补足语。
① 动词-ed形式作get的宾语补足语。
Doris got her bad tooth pulled out in the hospital. I'll just get these dishes washed and then I'll come.
• 不定式相当于名词、形容词、副词。充 当主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足 语、状语。
• 动名词相当于名词充当主语、表语、定 语、宾语。
• 分词相当于形容词、副词。作表语、定 语、宾语补足语、状语形成分
主语
不定式 ✓
过去
分词
×
定语
宾语补 宾语 表语 状语 足语
✓
✓
✓✓
✓
✓
×
✓
✓
✓
v-ing
形式
✓
✓
A 动词-ed形式作表语
1 动词-ed形式在连系动词后作表语,说明主语的状态。 The students are fully prepared. When we got there, the shop was closed.
比较
要把动词-ed形式作表语和被动语态区别开来。作表语 的-ed形式表示状态,被动语态表示被动动作。
1. 宾语和补足语之间有逻辑上的被动关系,表 示某事由别人做。
*Where did you have your hair cut?
2. 表示主语遭到某种不幸或陷入恶劣的环境。
*The house had its roof blown off.
3. 完成某事(自己也可能参与)。
*He has had one thousand yuan saved.
3. His lecture is interesting (interest ), which made us interested ( interest ).
4. The situation is encouraging( encourage).
B 动词-ed形式作宾语补足语
当作宾语补足语的动词和前面的宾语之间是被动关系时, 一般应用动词-ed形式作宾语补足语。 1 在感觉动词see, hear, feel, notice, watch, find等后 作宾语补足语。
3)现在分词与过去分词作宾语补足语的区别:
+sb do (经常性动作) +sb doing sth. (正在进行) +sth done (被动)
1.I used to see these boys ____( play ) on the playground.
2.I saw them _____( play ) the computer this afternoon.
带有完成的意义,有的同时也带有被动的意义。 Born and brought up in the countryside, he was interested in biology. One of the glasses was found broken. The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people.
DOING DONE TO DO
非谓语动词
非 谓语动词
分词 participle
动名词 gerund
不定式 infinitive
非谓语动词
1.性质:它具有动词的特点,但在 句子中起着名词、形容词、副词的作 用,充当主语、表语、定语、宾语、 宾语补足语、状语的作用,即:除谓 语以外一切成分。
2.形式
1. 让某人做某事或让某种情况发生。 He had the car waiting outside. 2. 常用于否定结构,表示“不容忍”、“不能让” 。 We won‘t have the child talking to his mother like that.
④ 使役动词have后既可接动词-ed形式,也可接 动词不定式和动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。三者之 间有一定的区别。 Have
Peter the Great is buried here. Peter the Great was buried here in 1725.
2 同一动词的-ed形式与-ing形式作表语时的区别。 动词-ed形式作表语,主要表示主语的心理感觉或所
处的状态,含有被动的意思, 动词-ing形式作表语多表示主语具有的特征,含有主动
3.She was surprised to find the house _____( break ) into when she went back home.
4. Unfortunately, he got his wallet _____( steal ) on the bus.
5. He won’t have us _____( criticize ) him.
2 及物动词的-ed形式一般表示被动的意思。 Given more time, I could have solved that riddle. When you speak English, be sure to make yourself understood. The experience gained in the army was of great value to our study. 3 不及物动词-ed形式只表示完成的意义,并不带有被 动的含义。 an escaped prisoner 逃犯 = a prisoner who has escaped
6. It’s a bad habit to leave the work ______( undo ).
7. Yesterday I caught him _____( take ) my dictionary when I went into the classroom.
C 动词-ed形式作定语
a retired worker 退休工人= a worker who has retired
a newly arrived guest 新来的客人
= a guest who has just arrived
People should pay attention to the changed situation.
1 前置定语 单个动词-ed形式作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。
A watched pot never boils. 心急锅不开。
All the broken doors and windows have been repaired. 所有的坏门窗都修好了。
我们到达的时候,每人被发给了一份印制好的试卷
disappointing 令人失望的
exciting 使人激动的
puzzling
迷惑人的
satisfying 令人满意的
Worrying 令人烦恼的
tiring
引起疲劳的
pleasing 令人愉快的
astonishing 令人惊讶的
amused
开心的
encouraged 受鼓励的
disappointed 失望的
比较
动词get后也可接动词不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语补 足语,和宾语是主动关系。
I couldn't get the car to start this morning.
It is not hard to get him talking; the problem is