国际贸易英文
国际贸易缩略语 中英文对照
国际贸易缩略语中英文对照国际贸易缩略语中英文对照1. 国际贸易常用简称1.1 FOB：Free on Board（货物已装船船上交付）1.2 CIF：Cost, Insurance and Freight（成本，保险费和运费）1.3 EXW：Ex Works（离岸价）1.4 C&F：Cost and Freight（成本和运费）1.5 DAP：Delivered at Place（交货地点）1.6 L/C：Letter of Credit（信用证）1.7 T/T：Telegraphic Transfer（电汇）1.8 WTO：World Trade Organization（世界贸易组织）1.9 GATT：General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade（关税和贸易总协定）1.10 NAFTA：North American Free Trade Agreement（北美自由贸易协定）2. 运输相关简称2.1 ETA：Estimated Time of Arrival（预计到达时间）2.2 ETD：Estimated Time of Departure（预计离港时间）2.3 B/L：Bill of Lading（提单）2.4 D/O：Delivery Order（交货单）2.5 C/O：Certificate of Origin（原产地证明）2.6 HBL：House Bill of Lading（分提单）2.7 MBL：Master Bill of Lading（总提单）2.8 TEU：Twenty-foot Equivalent Unit（20英尺柜）2.9 FEU：Forty-foot Equivalent Unit（40英尺柜）2.10 CY：Contner Yard（货柜场）3. 支付和结算相关简称3.1 T/T：Telegraphic Transfer（电汇）3.2 L/C：Letter of Credit（信用证）3.3 CAD：Cash Agnst Documents（单据付款）3.4 D/P：Documents Agnst Payment（付款交单）3.5 D/A：Documents Agnst Acceptance（承兑交单）3.6 RMB：Renminbi（人民币）3.7 USD：United States Dollar（美元）3.8 EUR：Euro（欧元）3.9 GBP：Great British Pound（英镑）3.10 JPY：Japanese Yen（日元）4. 海关和报关相关简称4.1 HS Code：Harmonized System Code（海关商品编码）4.2 CCIC：China Certification & Inspection Group（中国检验认证集团）4.3 AQSIQ：General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine（国家质检总局）4.4 COO：Certificate of Origin（原产地证明）4.5 CIQ：China Inspection and Quarantine（中国检验检疫局）4.6 PSC：Port State Control（港口国监督检查）5. 质检和贸易术语简称5.1 QC：Quality Control（质量控制）5.2 QA：Quality Assurance（质量保证）5.3 MOQ：Minimum Order Quantity（最低起订量）5.4 OEM：Original Equipment Manufacturer（原始设备制造商）5.5 ODM：Original Design Manufacturer（原始设计制造商）5.6 FOB：Free on Board（离岸价）5.7 R&D：Research and Development（研究与开发）5.8 AQL：Acceptable Quality Level（可接受质量水平）5.9 SKU：Stock Keeping Unit（库存量单位）5.10 CRM：Customer Relationship Management（客户关系管理）附件：请参考附件A，附件B，附件C等。
国际贸易常见的三种价格术语
国际贸易常见的三种价格术语
1.在中国的码头交货: 称FOB
FOB是国际贸易中的中的贸易术语，英文是Free on Board.就是装运港船上交货，当货物越过船舷时，卖方即完成交货义务。
比如约定在上海港口交货,就叫做FOB SHANGHAI在这种方式下,除了货物本身的价值以外,还要加上你把货物运到上海码头的运费,和报关出口手续费以及上海码头上产生的杂费,才是总的成本价格。
FOB价格是最基本的价格。
简便公式: FOB =货价+国内运杂费
2.在外国码头交货: 称CNF
CNF=C&F是Cost and Freight 成本加运费的意思；和CIF相比CNF缺少了I，即Insurance保险费；CIF=Cost, Insurance & Freight 。
比如约定在美国纽约港口交货，就叫做CNF NEW YORK在这种方式下，除了FOB价格之外，还要加上货物运到美国纽约的运杂费。
简便公式:CNF = FOB+远洋运费
3.在外国码头交货,同时给货物买上个保险以免途中损坏: 称CIF
约定在纽约港口交货就叫CIF NEW YORK这种方式就是在CNF价格的基础上，加上一点保险费。
保险费的费用是多少，由保险公司来定，根据货物类别和交货地点而略有不同。
简便公式:CIF = FOB+远洋运费 +保险费
小结：三种主要的价格术语分别是FOB、CNF、CIF。
术语后面接着港口的名称。
FOB最基本的价格等于货值加上国内的运杂费。
添上运到国外的运费就变成CNF，再加上保险费就是CIF。
国际贸易缩略语 中英文对照
国际贸易缩略语中英文对照在国际贸易这个广阔的领域中，缩略语的使用就像一种独特的语言密码，能够快速、简洁地传达复杂的信息。
对于从事国际贸易的专业人士来说，熟练掌握这些缩略语是至关重要的。
下面就让我们一起来了解一些常见的国际贸易缩略语及其对应的中英文含义。
一、贸易术语类1、 FOB（Free on Board）：船上交货，指卖方在指定的装运港将货物装到买方指定的船上，即完成交货。
2、 CIF（Cost, Insurance and Freight）：成本、保险费加运费，卖方要负责支付将货物运至指定目的港所需的运费和保险费。
3、 CFR（Cost and Freight）：成本加运费，卖方负责支付运费，但保险由买方负责。
4、 EXW（Ex Works）：工厂交货，卖方在其所在地或其他指定的地点（如工场、工厂或仓库）将货物交给买方处置时，即完成交货。
二、支付方式类1、 L/C（Letter of Credit）：信用证，是银行根据进口商的请求，开给出口商的一种保证承担支付货款责任的书面凭证。
2、T/T（Telegraphic Transfer）：电汇，是汇出行应汇款人的申请，拍发加押电报或电传或 SWIFT 给在另一国家的分行或代理行（即汇入行）指示解付一定金额给收款人的一种汇款方式。
3、 D/P（Documents against Payment）：付款交单，是指出口人的交单是以进口人的付款为条件。
4、 D/A（Documents against Acceptance）：承兑交单，是指出口人的交单以进口人在汇票上承兑为条件。
三、运输与物流类1、 B/L（Bill of Lading）：提单，是指用以证明海上货物运输合同和货物已经由承运人接收或者装船，以及承运人保证据以交付货物的单证。
2、 AWB（Air Waybill）：航空运单，是指承运人与托运人之间签订的运输合同，也是承运人或其代理人签发的货物收据。
国际贸易双语教程英文版
国际贸易双语教程英文版IntroductionInternational trade is an essential part of the global economy. It involves the exchange of goods and services between countries. In this bilingual tutorial, we will provide an overview of international trade and explore its various aspects. This tutorial aims to help readers gain a thorough understanding of international trade concepts and terminology in English.1. Understanding International TradeInternational trade refers to the exchange of goods and services across international borders. It allows countries to specialize in producing goods and services that they can produce efficiently, ensuring maximum productivity and resource utilization. This leads to increased economic growth and welfare for participating nations.2. Benefits of International TradeInternational trade offers several advantages to participating countries. These benefits include:•Improved Efficiency: Countries can focus on producing goods and services that they can produce efficiently, increasing overall productivity.•Access to a Wider Range of Goods: Countries can import goods not produced domestically, allowing consumers access to a broader selection of products.•Expanding Markets: With international trade, businesses can reach new markets abroad, enabling them to grow and expand.•Economic Growth: International trade stimulates economic growth by promoting investment, job creation, and innovation.•Lower Costs: Countries can import goods at a lower cost than producing them domestically, leading to cost savings for consumers andbusinesses.3. Trade BarriersDespite the benefits of international trade, various barriers can hinder smooth trade operations. These barriers include:•Tariffs: Tariffs are taxes imposed on imported goods, increasing their prices and reducing demand.•Quotas: Quotas limit the quantity of goods that can be imported, restricting access to foreign markets.•Regulatory Barriers: These include regulations, standards, and certifications that goods must meet to enter a country, creating additional costs and hurdles for exporters.•Currency Barriers: Fluctuations in exchange rates can affect the competitiveness of goods in international markets.•Trade Restrictions: Embargoes, trade sanctions, and trade wars can further hinder international trade.4. International Trade AgreementsTo promote and regulate international trade, countries often engage in the negotiation and formation of trade agreements. These agreements aim to reduce trade barriers and create a more favorable trade environment. Some prominent international trade agreements include:•World Trade Organization (WTO): The WTO is a global organization that promotes free trade and resolves trade disputes amongmember countries.•Free Trade Agreements (FTAs): FTAs are agreements between countries that eliminate or reduce trade barriers among participating nations.•Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs): RTAs are trade agreements between countries within a specific geographic region.•Bilateral Agreements: Bilateral agreements are trade agreements between two countries, focusing on addressing trade barriers and promoting trade.•Multilateral Agreements: Multilateral agreements involve multiple countries negotiating and establishing trade rules and regulations.5. Trade DocumentationInternational trade involves significant documentation to ensure smooth and legal transactions between parties. Some essential trade documents include: •Commercial Invoice: An invoice that provides detailed information about the goods being sold, including quantity, price, and delivery terms.•Bill of Lading: It is a document issued by a carrier that acknowledges the receipt of goods for shipment.•Packing List: A detailed list of the contents and quantities of a shipment.•Certificate of Origin: It certifies the origin of the goods and is needed to claim preferential treatment under trade agreements.•Insurance Certificate: A document that confirms that goods are insured against loss or damage during transportation.•Customs Declaration: A document that provides information about the goods being imported or exported and helps calculate applicable customs duties and taxes.ConclusionInternational trade plays a crucial role in the global economy, enabling countries to benefit from specialization, economic growth, and improved welfare. This bilingual tutorial aimed to provide an overview of international trade in English, covering its various aspects from understanding the basics to trade barriers, agreements, and documentation. By understanding these concepts, readers can engage in international trade activities more effectively and confidently.。
国际贸易名词解释英文及简答论述期末考试复习
《国际贸易》英文名词解释International Trade(国际贸易)International trade is the international exchange of goods and services between countries. This type of trade gives rise to a world economy, in which prices, or supply and demand, affect and are affected by global events.Free Trade（自由贸易）The main idea of free trade is that supply and demand factors, operating on a global scale, will ensure that production happens efficiently. Therefore, nothing needs to protect or promote trade and growth because market forces will do so automatically.Protectionism（贸易保护主义）In contrast, protectionism holds that regulation of international trade is important to ensure that markets function properly. Advocates of this theory believe that market inefficiencies may hamper the benefits of international trade and they aim to guide the market accordingly. Production Possibilities Curve /Frontier(生产可能性曲线/边界)A Production Possibilities Frontier is a graph that shows the various combinations of output that the economy can possibly produce, given the available factors of production and the existing technology . Opportunity Cost(机会成本)Opportunity Cost means whatever must be given up to obtain some item. Supply Curve(供给曲线)A Supply Curve is a graph that shows the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity supplied.Demand Curve (需求曲线)A Demand Curve is a graph that describes the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity demanded.Excess Supply Curve（出口供给曲线）Because Excess Supply is a situation in which quantity supplied is greater than quantity demanded, Excess Supply Curve can be defined as a graph that depicts the relationship between the price and the available quantity for export of a product. Excess Supply Curve can be derived from subtracting a supply curve with a corresponding demand curve. Excess Demand Curve（进口需求曲线）Because Excess Demand is a situation in which quantity demanded is greater than quantity supplied, Excess Demand Curve can be defined as a graph that depicts the relationship between the price and the desirable quantity for import of a product. Excess Demand Curve can be derived from subtracting a demand curve with a corresponding supply curve. Consumer Surplus(消费者剩余)Consumer Surplus means a buyer’s willingness to pay minus the amount the buyer actually pays. Consumer surplus measures the benefit to buyersof participating in a market.Producer Surplus (生产者剩余)Producer Surplus is the amount a seller is paid for a good minus the seller’s cost. Producer surplus measures the benefit to sellers of participating in a market.Economies of Scale(规模经济)Economies of Scale means the property whereby the long-run average cost falls as the quantity of output increases.Diseconomies of Scale(规模不经济)Diseconomies of Scale means the property whereby the long-run average cost rises as the quantity of output increases.Constant Returns to Scale(规模报酬不变)Constant Returns to Scale means the property whereby the long-run average cost stays the same as the quantity of output changes. Indifference Curve(无差异曲线)Indifference Curve is a curve that shows consumption bundles that give the consumer the same level of satisfaction.The Gravity Model(引力模型)In its basic form, the gravity model assumes that only size and distance(经济规模和距离) are important for trade in the following way：Tij = A x Yi x Yj /Dij两国之间的贸易规模与经济规模成正比，与两国之间的距离成反比。
国际贸易英文缩写
国际贸易、海运单证的缩写主要贸易术语：(1)FCA (Free Carrier) 货交承运人(2)FAS (Free Alongside Ship) 装运港船边交货(3)FOB (Free on Board) 装运港船上交货(4)CFR (Cost and Freight) 成本加运费(5)CIF (Cost,Insurance and Freight) 成本、保险费加运费(6)CPT (Carriage Paid To) 运费付至目的地(7)CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To) 运费、保险费付至目的地(8)DAF (Delivered At Frontier) 边境交货(9)DES (Delivered Ex Ship) 目的港船上交货(10)DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay) 目的港码头交货(11)DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid) 未完税交货(12)DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) 完税后交货主要船务术语简写：(1)ORC (Origen Recevie Charges) 本地收货费用（广东省收取）(2)THC (Terminal Handling Charges) 码头操作费（香港收取）(3)BAF (Bunker Adjustment Factor) 燃油附加费(4)CAF (Currency Adjustment Factor) 货币贬值附加费(5)YAS (Yard Surcharges)码头附加费(6)EPS (Equipment Position Surcharges) 设备位置附加费(7)DDC (Destination Delivery Charges) 目的港交货费(8)PSS (Peak Season Sucharges) 旺季附加费(9)PCS (Port Congestion Surcharge) 港口拥挤附加费(10)DOC (DOcument charges) 文件费(11)O/F (Ocean Freight) 海运费(12)B/L (Bill of Lading) 海运提单(13)MB/L(Master Bill of Lading) 船东单（或OCEAN BILL OF LADING）(14)MTD (Multimodal Transport Document) 多式联运单据(15)L/C (Letter of Credit) 信用证(16)C/O (Certificate of Origin) 产地证(17)S/C (Sales Confirmation)销售确认书（Sales Contract) 销售合同(18)S/O (Shipping Order)装货指示书(19)W/T (Weight Ton)重量吨（即货物收费以重量计费）(20)M/T (Measurement Ton)尺码吨（即货物收费以尺码计费）(21)W/M(Weight or Measurement ton)即以重量吨或者尺码吨中从高收费(22)CY (Container Yard) 集装箱（货柜）堆场(23)FCL (Full Container Load) 整箱货(24)LCL (Less than Container Load) 拼箱货（散货）(25)CFS (Container Freight Station) 集装箱货运站(26)TEU (Twenty-feet Equivalent Units) 20英尺换算单位（用来计算货柜量的多少）(27)A/W (All Water)全水路（主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式）(28)MLB(Mini Land Bridge)小陆桥（主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式）(29)NVOCC(Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier) 无船承运人TEU TWENTY FOOT EQUIV ALENT UNITS 20'柜FEU FORTY FOOT EQUIV ALENT UNITS 40'柜SHUT OUT退关CUT OFF CLOSING DATE/CUT OFF DATE 结关日O/F (Ocean Freight) 海运费BAF (Bunker Adjustment Factor) 燃油附加费CAF (Currency Adjustment Factor) 货币贬值附加费BOOKING FEE订舱费DOC (DOcument charges) 文件费THC TERMINAL HANDLING CHARGE 码头作业费V.V.D: Vessel voyage directionETD : Eistimated time of departureETA: Eistimated time of arrivalT/TIME : TRANSE TIMET/S : transshipment port主要贸易术语：(1)FCA (Free Carrier) 货交承运人(2)FAS (Free Alongside Ship) 装运港船边交货(3)FOB (Free on Board) 装运港船上交货(4)CFR (Cost and Freight) 成本加运费(5)CIF (Cost,Insurance and Freight) 成本、保险费加运费(6)CPT (Carriage Paid To) 运费付至目的地(7)CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To) 运费、保险费付至目的地(8)DAF (Delivered At Frontier) 边境交货(9)DES (Delivered Ex Ship) 目的港船上交货(10)DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay) 目的港码头交货(11)DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid) 未完税交货(12)DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) 完税后交货L/C (Letter of Credit) 信用证S/C (Sales Confirmation)销售确认书（Sales Contract) 销售合同A/W (All Water)全水路（主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式）MLB(Mini Land Bridge) 迷你大陆桥（主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式）货运代理人a freight forwarder货运代理业务freight forwarding承运人 carrier货物① goods ② freight ③ cargo运输① transportation ② transit ③ conveyance运输业① transportation business ② forwarding business ③ carrying trade陆上运输 transportation by land海上运输 transportation by sea货物运输① goods traffic ② freight traffic ③ carriage of freights ④ carriage of goods滞期费 demurrage滞期日数 demurrage days速遣费 despatch money /dispatch空舱费 dead freight装载 loading卸货①unloading ②discharging ③landing舱单 manifest集装箱箱型container type也有人用container size活用一下：我要改箱型，从1X20GP改到1X40GPI want to change the container type from 1X20GP to 1X40GP改箱型也可以这么表示Pls help me to revise the container size from 1x20GP to 1x40GP做货代的免不了要值班值班 on duty值班表 on duty list值班人员 on duty personattachment附件attached附上CC抄送FYI for your information,for you reference 供参考BLOCK CODE 中转港代码IMP(import)进口EXP（export）出口MAX (maximum)最大的、最大限度的MIN (minimum)最小的，最低限度update这个词蛮常用的报关 customs brokerC/D (customs declaration)报关单报关行 customs broker报关员customs declarer海关退税 customs drawback海关查验 customs examination仓库 warehousefumigation 熏蒸MSDS maritime shipping document of safety危险货物安全资料卡D/R docks of receipt场站收据B/N booking note托书（有时看到的是SI shipping instruction)EIR(E/R）equipment interchange receipt设备交接单LOI letter of indemnity 保函，也称损害赔偿保证书quantity-数量packing-包装cubic meter立方米包装种类：carton纸箱（最常见的喽）package 包bag, sack袋case, chest箱packet 小包drum圆桶case, chest箱box 盒wooden case木箱rate板条箱bale包bundle捆PALLET : 托盘commission-佣金vessel schedule 船期表Booking 订舱Booking Note 订舱单Booking Number 订舱号Container Number 箱号Container Seal 集装箱箱封Lorry with IC Card 有白卡的集卡Cable/Telex Release 电放Missed Voyage Container 漏装箱Cancellation 退关箱tri-axle chassis 三轮车价Ｏ．Ｗ．Ｃ＝＝ＯＶＥＲＷＥＩＧＨＴＣＨＡＲＧＥ超重附加费如果是海运费用项目的话．有时也表示为Ｏ．Ｗ．Ｓ．ＯＶＥＲＷＥＩＧＨＴＳＵＲＣＨＡＲＧＥvoid sailing 也就是没有船的意思取消订舱Booking cancelledweight limitations 限重。
Contract_of_Sale(国际贸易_销售合同_英文)
Offer
Withdrawal撤回 • Even if it is irrevocable, an offer may be withdrawn if the withdrawal reaches the offeree before or at the same time as the offer.
Lecture 1
Contract of Sale
Structure
• • • • • • • Definition Functions Governing Laws and Usual Practices Types Formation of Contract Breach of Contract Contents
Offer
Revocation （撤销） • Until a contract is concluded an offer may be revoked if the revocation reaches the offeree before he has dispatched an acceptance. However, an offer cannot be revoked: (a) if it indicates, whether by stating a fixed time for acceptance or otherwise, that it is irrevocable; or (b) if it was reasonable for the offeree to rely on the offer as being irrevocable and the offeree has acted in reliance on the offer. •
Definition
国际贸易常用英语
国际贸易常用英语trade term / price term 价格术语world / international market price 国际市场价格FOB (free on board) 离岸价C&F (cost and freight) 成本加运费价CIF (cost, insurance and freight) 到岸价一)工厂交货( EXW) 本术语英文为“EX Works(… named place)”卖方承担最小风险，即“工厂交货(……指定地点)”。
它指卖方负有在其所在地即车间、工厂、仓库等把备妥的货物交付给买方的责任，但通常不负责将货物装上买方准备的车辆上或办理货物结关。
买方承担自卖方的所在地将货物运至预期的目的地的全部费用和风险。
(二)货交承运人(FCA)本术语英文为“Free Carrier(… named place)”，即“货物交承运人(……指定地点)”。
它指卖方应负责将其移交的货物，办理出关后，在指定的地点交付给买方指定的承运入照管。
根据商业惯例，当卖方被要求与承运人通过签订合同进行协作时，在买方承担风险和费用的情况下，卖方可以照此办理。
本术语适用于任何运输方式。
(三)船边交货(FAS)本术语英文为“Free Alongside ship(… named port of shipment)”即“船边交货(……指定装运港)”。
它指卖方在指定的装运港码头或驳船上把货物交至船边，从这时起买方须承担货物灭失或损坏的全部费用和风险，另外买方须办理出口结关手续。
本术语适用于海运或内河运输。
(四)船上交货(FOB)本术语英文为“ Free on Boar d(… named port of shipment)”，即“船上交货(……指定装运港)”。
它指卖方在指定的装运港把货物送过船舷后交付，货过船舷后买方须承担货物的全部费用、风险、灭失或损坏，另外要求卖方办理货物的出口结关手续。
国际贸易实务英文词汇
Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation Organization （APEC） 亚太经合组织
Hanoi 河内（越南首都）
Stalemate 僵局
Open Regionalism 开放的区域主义
Marrakesh Ministerial Meeting 马拉喀什部长会议（摩洛哥）
TRIPS Agreement 与贸易有关的知识产权协定
Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights（TRIPS） 与贸易有关的知识产权
Contracting Parties 缔约国
Trade Without Discrimination 贸易无歧视
Most-Favored-Nation Treatment 最惠国待遇
National Treatment 国民待遇
Transparency 透明度
Access to Markets 市场准入
Navigation Guide 导航
Export Taxes 出口ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้税
Export-driven Economic Growth 出口导向型经济增长
Excess Liquidity 流动性过剩
Trade Frictions 贸易摩擦
International Trade 国际贸易
World Trade 世界贸易
Foreign Trade 对外贸易
Trade Liberalization 贸易自由化
Most Favored Nation 最惠国
国际贸易术语_详细的介绍了FOB__CIF__FCA__等6种
第一章国际贸易术语在国际贸易中，人们常使用一些由三个英文字母组成的短语，如FOB、CFR、CIF等，来表示商品价格的构成、买卖双方风险、责任和费用的划分等，这些短语就是国际贸易术语。
国际贸易术语的产生大约在19实际初期，最早使用的一个贸易术语是FOB，到19年代50左右又出现了CIF和C&R（现在是CFR），之后其他的贸易术语也相继出现。
到今天为止，国际贸易的运用大约已有200年的历史。
国际贸易术语的作用主要在简化贸易手续、降低交易成本。
第一节与国际贸易术语有关的国际惯例国际贸易惯例的性质国际贸易惯例是在长期的国际贸易实践中形成的一些习惯做法，这些习惯做法，经过有关国际或国家的商事组织的编撰和推广，成为被世界各国普遍接受和遵循的规则，从而成为国际惯例。
国际贸易惯例是国际商法的一个重要组成部分，但它与公约和条约等不同，它对贸易双方不具有强制性，其使用以当事人的“意思自治”为原则。
也就是说，惯例本身不是法律，买卖双方在磋商和签订贸易合同时，可以适用某一惯例，也可以做出与惯例不同的规定。
如果买卖双方在合同中作出了与国际惯例不同的规定，法院和仲裁机构在判决或裁决时，则以合同的规定为依据。
【案例】某公司最近和外商签订了一个成套设备的进口合同，在合同中使用了CIF目的港的贸易术语，但又规定卖方只有在合同设备抵达卸货港后才算完成交货，如果设备迟到，卖方必须赔偿。
这一要求和CIF的规定有矛盾，如发生问题，仲裁或诉讼时应依据合同还是惯例对CIF的规定办理？[分析] 国际惯例不具有强制性，其使用以当事人的“意思自制”为原则。
买卖双方在他们的合同中如果排除了国际惯例的规则或对其进行修改，则应该以合同的规定为依据。
国际惯例对国际贸易的规范作用主要表现在：首先，如果贸易双方同意使他们的合同适用于某种惯例，并在合同中作出明确的规定，那么这种惯例对他们的交易就有了强制的约束力；其次，如果贸易双方在他们的合同中既未排除，也未说明该合同适用某项国际惯例，在发生争议时，受理该争议的司法和仲裁机构往往会引用某一国际贸易惯例来进行判决或裁决。
国际贸易术语fob英文解释
国际贸易术语fob英文解释
FOB是国际贸易中常用的术语，它是Free On Board的缩写。
FOB指的是一种贸易条件，用于描述货物的交货和转移责任的时刻。
具体而言，FOB表示卖方在货物装上船或交给承运人后，将货物的
所有权和责任转移给买方的时刻。
在FOB条件下，卖方负责将货物交付给指定的港口，并承担相
关费用直到货物装上船为止。
一旦货物装上船，所有权和责任就转
移到买方身上，买方负责承担运输费用、保险费用和任何进口手续
费用。
FOB术语还可以与指定的港口或装运方式一起使用，例如FOB Shanghai表示卖方将货物交付给上海港口，FOB Air表示卖方将货
物交付给航空公司。
总结来说，FOB是一种国际贸易术语，表示卖方在货物装上船
或交给承运人后，将货物的所有权和责任转移给买方。
这种条件下，买方需要承担运输费用、保险费用和进口手续费用。
国际贸易英文
国际贸易英语词汇集锦国际贸易英语词汇集锦贸易价格术语trade term / price term 价格术语world / international market price 国际市场价格FOB (free on board) 离岸价C&F (cost and freight) 成本加运费价CIF (cost, insurance and freight) 到岸价freight 运费wharfage 码头费landing charges 卸货费customs duty 关税port dues 港口税import surcharge 进口附加税import variable duties 进口差价税commission 佣金return commission 回佣，回扣price including commission 含佣价net price 净价wholesale price 批发价discount / allowance 折扣retail price 零售价spot price 现货价格current price 现行价格/ 时价indicative price 参考价格customs valuation 海关估价price list 价目表total value 总值贸易保险术语All Risks 一切险F.P.A. (Free from Particular Average) 平安险W.A. / W.P.A (With Average or With Particular Average) 水渍险War Risk 战争险F.W.R.D. (Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋险Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混杂、玷污险Risk of Leakage 渗漏险Risk of Odor 串味险Risk of Rust 锈蚀险Shortage Risk 短缺险T.P.N.D. ( Theft, Pilferage & Non-delivery) 偷窃提货不着险Strikes Risk 罢工险贸易机构词汇WTO (World Trade Organization) 世界贸易组织IMF (International Monetary Fund) 国际货币基金组织CTG (Council for Trade in Goods) 货币贸易理事会EFTA (European Free Trade Association) 欧洲自由贸易联盟AFTA (ASEAN Free Trade Area) 东盟自由贸易区JCCT (China-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade) 中美商贸联委会NAFTA (North American Free Trade Area) 北美自由贸易区UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) 联合国贸易与发展会议GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 关贸总协定贸易方式词汇stocks 存货，库存量cash sale 现货purchase 购买，进货bulk sale 整批销售，趸售distribution channels 销售渠道wholesale 批发retail trade 零售业hire-purchase 分期付款购买fluctuate in line with market conditions 随行就市unfair competition 不合理竞争dumping 商品倾销dumping profit margin 倾销差价，倾销幅度antidumping 反倾销customs bond 海关担保chain debts 三角债freight forwarder 货运代理trade consultation 贸易磋商mediation of dispute 商业纠纷调解partial shipment 分批装运restraint of trade 贸易管制RTA (Regional Trade Arrangements) 区域贸易安排favorable balance of trade 贸易顺差unfavorable balance of trade 贸易逆差special preferences 优惠关税bonded warehouse 保税仓库transit trade 转口贸易tariff barrier 关税壁垒tax rebate 出口退税TBT (Technical Barriers to Trade) 技术性贸易壁垒进出口贸易词汇commerce, trade, trading 贸易inland trade, home trade, domestic trade 国内贸易international trade 国际贸易foreign trade, external trade 对外贸易，外贸import, importation 进口importer 进口商export, exportation 出口exporter 出口商import licence 进口许口证export licence 出口许口证commercial transaction 买卖，交易inquiry 询盘delivery 交货order 订货make a complete entry 正式/完整申报bad account 坏帐Bill of Lading 提单marine bills of lading 海运提单shipping order 托运单blank endorsed 空白背书endorsed 背书cargo receipt 承运货物收据condemned goods 有问题的货物catalogue 商品目录customs liquidation 清关customs clearance 结关贸易伙伴术语trade partner 贸易伙伴manufacturer 制造商，制造厂middleman 中间商，经纪人dealer 经销商wholesaler 批发商retailer, tradesman 零售商merchant 商人，批发商，零售商concessionaire, licensed dealer 受让人，特许权获得者consumer 消费者，用户client, customer 顾客，客户buyer 买主，买方carrier 承运人consignee 收货人如有侵权请联系告知删除，感谢你们的配合！。
国际外贸术语 单词
国际外贸术语单词以下是一些常见的国际外贸术语以及相应的英文单词：1.贸易伙伴：Trading partner2.询盘：Inquiry3.发盘：Offer4.还盘：Counter-offer5.接受：Acceptance6.合同：Contract7.订单：Order8.支付方式：Payment terms9.信用证：Letter of credit (L/C)10.电汇：Telegraphic transfer (T/T)11.托收：Collection12.佣金：Commission13.折扣：Discount14.贸易顺差：Trade surplus15.贸易逆差：Trade deficit16.贸易平衡：Trade balance17.国际贸易：International trade18.世界贸易组织：World Trade Organization (WTO)19.关税：Tariff20.通关手续：Customs clearance21.国际贸易单证：International trade documents22.国际贸易运输：International trade transportation23.国际贸易保险：International trade insurance24.国际贸易支付：International trade payment25.国际贸易争端：International trade disputes26.国际贸易政策：International trade policies27.国际贸易法规：International trade regulations28.国际贸易惯例：International trade practices29.国际贸易合作：International trade cooperation30.国际贸易关系：International trade relations。
国际贸易相关英文用语
国际贸易相关英文用语English:International trade refers to the exchange of goods and services between different countries. It is a crucial pillar of the global economy, driving economic growth, creating job opportunities, and promoting innovation. Common terms related to international trade include import and export, trade barriers, tariffs, quotas, free trade agreements, and trade deficits. Import refers to goods and services brought into a country from abroad, while export refers to goods and services sent to other countries. Trade barriers are obstacles that restrict the flow of goods and services between nations, such as tariffs (taxes on imports), quotas (limits on the quantity of imports), and embargoes (complete bans on trade). Free trade agreements are treaties between countries that aim to reduce or eliminate trade barriers, facilitating the exchange of goods and services. A trade deficit occurs when a country imports more goods and services than it exports, leading to a negative balance of trade. Overall, international trade plays a vital role in the interconnected global economy, fostering cooperation and competition among nations to promote prosperity and economic development.中文翻译:国际贸易是指不同国家之间货物和服务的交流。
国际贸易fas英文释
国际贸易fas英文释
FAS是国际贸易术语之一，英文全称是Free Alongside Ship（…named port of shipment），即船边交货（……指定装运港）。
根据FAS术语进行贸易，卖方需在规定时限内将合同约定的货物运到买方指定的装运港口的船边，且在船边完成交货义务。
买家和卖家两方风险和费用交接以船边为界，如果买家的船无法靠岸，卖家也要用驳船把商品运到船边，然后交货，相关装船责任与费用都由卖家承担。
在大宗货物的贸易中，特别是小麦、棉花、大豆、矿石等初级产品贸易中，出口商通常采用该术语。
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国际贸易英语词汇集锦
国际贸易英语词汇集锦
贸易价格术语
trade term / price term 价格术语
world / international market price 国际市场价格
FOB (free on board) 离岸价
C&F (cost and freight) 成本加运费价
CIF (cost, insurance and freight) 到岸价
freight 运费
wharfage 码头费
landing charges 卸货费
customs duty 关税
port dues 港口税
import surcharge 进口附加税
import variable duties 进口差价税
commission 佣金
return commission 回佣，回扣
price including commission 含佣价
net price 净价
wholesale price 批发价
discount / allowance 折扣
retail price 零售价
spot price 现货价格
current price 现行价格 / 时价
indicative price 参考价格
customs valuation 海关估价
price list 价目表
total value 总值
贸易保险术语
All Risks 一切险
F.P.A. (Free from Particular Average) 平安险
W.A. / W.P.A (With Average or With Particular Average) 水渍险War Risk 战争险
F.W.R.D. (Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋险
Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混杂、玷污险
Risk of Leakage 渗漏险
Risk of Odor 串味险
Risk of Rust 锈蚀险
Shortage Risk 短缺险
T.P.N.D. ( Theft, Pilferage & Non-delivery) 偷窃提货不着险
Strikes Risk 罢工险
贸易机构词汇
WTO (World Trade Organization) 世界贸易组织
IMF (International Monetary Fund) 国际货币基金组织
CTG (Council for Trade in Goods) 货币贸易理事会
EFTA (European Free Trade Association) 欧洲自由贸易联盟
AFTA (ASEAN Free Trade Area) 东盟自由贸易区
JCCT (China-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade) 中美商贸联委会NAFTA (North American Free Trade Area) 北美自由贸易区
UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) 联合国贸易与发展会议
GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 关贸总协定
贸易方式词汇
stocks 存货，库存量
cash sale 现货
purchase 购买，进货
bulk sale 整批销售，趸售
distribution channels 销售渠道
wholesale 批发
retail trade 零售业
hire-purchase 分期付款购买
fluctuate in line with market conditions 随行就市
unfair competition 不合理竞争
dumping 商品倾销
dumping profit margin 倾销差价，倾销幅度
antidumping 反倾销
customs bond 海关担保
chain debts 三角债
freight forwarder 货运代理
trade consultation 贸易磋商
mediation of dispute 商业纠纷调解
partial shipment 分批装运
restraint of trade 贸易管制
RTA (Regional Trade Arrangements) 区域贸易安排
favorable balance of trade 贸易顺差
unfavorable balance of trade 贸易逆差
special preferences 优惠关税
bonded warehouse 保税仓库
transit trade 转口贸易
tariff barrier 关税壁垒
tax rebate 出口退税
TBT (Technical Barriers to Trade) 技术性贸易壁垒进出口贸易词汇
commerce, trade, trading 贸易
inland trade, home trade, domestic trade 国内贸易international trade 国际贸易
foreign trade, external trade 对外贸易，外贸import, importation 进口
importer 进口商
export, exportation 出口
exporter 出口商
import licence 进口许口证
export licence 出口许口证
commercial transaction 买卖，交易
inquiry 询盘
delivery 交货
order 订货
make a complete entry 正式/完整申报
bad account 坏帐
Bill of Lading 提单
marine bills of lading 海运提单
shipping order 托运单
blank endorsed 空白背书
endorsed 背书
cargo receipt 承运货物收据
condemned goods 有问题的货物
catalogue 商品目录
customs liquidation 清关
customs clearance 结关
贸易伙伴术语
trade partner 贸易伙伴
manufacturer 制造商，制造厂
middleman 中间商，经纪人
dealer 经销商
wholesaler 批发商
retailer, tradesman 零售商
merchant 商人，批发商，零售商
concessionaire, licensed dealer 受让人，特许权获得者consumer 消费者，用户
client, customer 顾客，客户
buyer 买主，买方
carrier 承运人
consignee 收货人。