动词ing形式作表语定语和宾补
PartⅡGrammar——动词ing形式作表语定语和宾语补足语
PartⅡGrammar——动词ing形式作表语定语和宾语补⾜语Part ⅡGrammar——动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补⾜语[思维导图]⼀、动词-ing形式作表语作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。
1．现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等。
The result of the game was disappointing.⽐赛结果令⼈失望。
His life story sounds very moving.他的⼈⽣故事听起来很感⼈。
[名师点津]作表语的现在分词，许多是由能够表⽰⼈们某种感情或情绪的动词变化⽽来的。
常见的有：moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing...这类分词有“令⼈……的”的含义，常修饰物。
2．动名词作表语多表⽰抽象性的或习惯性的动作，⼀般说明主语的内容。
What I am tired of is waiting here alone.我厌烦独⾃在这⾥等。
My hobby is collecting stamps.我的爱好就是集邮。
⼆、动词-ing形式作定语动名词和现在分词都可以作定语，但有所区别。
1．动名词作定语表⽰被修饰词的某种性能或⽤途，相当于for引导的介词短语。
No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.阅览室⾥不准⼤声说话。
2．现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主动关系，表⽰所修饰词进⾏的动作，相当于⼀个定语从句。
The boy playing football on the playground is my younger brother.＝The boy that/who is playing football on the playground is my younger brother.在操场上踢⾜球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。
18.动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语
动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语吴国斌一、动词-ing形式作表语1.表示抽象的一般性的行为，用来说明主语的内容，与主语通常是同一概念，表语和主语常可互换位置。
My job is teaching you English.=Teaching you English is my job.我的工作是教你们英语。
My favorite sport is swimming.=Swimming is my favorite sport.我最喜欢的运动是游泳。
2.表示主语的某种性质和特征，这时通常可以看作形容词。
The story she told us was very interesting.她给我们讲的这个故事很有趣。
The news is quite shocking.这个消息很令人震惊。
二、动词-ing形式作定语1.表示被修饰名词的用途。
We are not allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.阅览室里不准我们大声说话。
If you really want to smoke, you may go to the smoking room.如果你确实想吸烟，可以去吸烟室。
2.表示所修饰的名词的动作或状态，相当于一个定语从句。
当分词单独作定语时，通常放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语作定语，则放在该名词后。
Make less noise. There’s a sleeping child.少弄出点噪音，有个孩子在睡觉。
The men working here are all from the rural areas.在这里工作的那些人都来自农村。
三、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，与宾语之间是主谓关系，即宾语是其逻辑上的主语。
它主要用于以下两类动词后作宾语补足语。
1.感官动词，如see，hear，feel，smell，watch，find，listen to，look at，notice，observe 等。
高中英语知识讲解 动词ing形式作表语,定语和宾语补足语
动词-ing形式作表语，定语和宾语补足语概念引入：在上一个单元我们已经学过了动词-ing形式作主语和宾语等用法，本单元我们继续学习动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语的用法。
看下面句子：1.The music they are playing sounds so exciting.2.We watched three boys sharing their food with each other.3.Our job is playing all kinds of music.4.The girl singing now is a classmate of mine.例句1、3都是-ing形式作表语，例句2是-ing形式作watched的宾语的补足语，而例句4是句子的主语the girl的定语。
那么用动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语需要注意什么呢？这就是本单元我们要解决的问题。
语法讲解【高清课堂：356774，非谓语动词之-ing形式非谓语动词之-ing形式】两种动词-ing形式：动词-ing形式是非谓语动词的一种，在传统语法中，动词-ing形式有两个名字，一是动名词，相当于名词，常作主语、宾语、同位语、定语等；另一个是现在分词，相当于形容词或副词，常作表语、宾语补足语、状语、定语等。
动名词的基本形式：现在分词的基本形式：He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday. (动名词的一般式)他建议下个星期天带我女儿去动物园。
Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well. (现在分词的完成式)在这个城市生活了3年，她对这里已很熟悉。
I really regretted having missed such an exciting lecture. (动名词的完成式)错过了这么振奋人心的演讲，我真的很遗憾。
动词-ing形式作定语表语和宾补
tiring music = music that is tiring 烦人的音乐 a surprising resቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱlt = a result that is surprising 一个惊人的结果 2. -ing形式短语作定语时, 放 在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思 上相当于一个定语从句。如：
4. Peter received a letter just now _______ his grandma would come to see him soon. (四川2007) A. said B. say C. saying D. to say 5. I smell something _______ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? (2007全国卷 I) A. burning B. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt
*Can you smell anything burning? *As he spoke, he observed
everybody looking at him curiously.
*Listen to the birds singing. *I didn’t notice him waiting.
We sat an hour and watched the teacher make the experiment.
我们坐了一个小时，看老师做实验
（一个小时之内一直在看老师作实验）
② 如果宾语补足语是短暂性动词，动词不定
式短语表示一次动作，而-ing形式则表示
反复动作。如：
We heard the door slam. (一次动作) We heard the door slamming. (反复动作)
动词ing做宾补-表语-定语-状语及综合练习
动词ing做宾补-表语-定语-状语及综合练习2高中英语语法动词ing形式做宾补表语定语状语用法详解及练习第一部分：动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语1．动词的-ing形式可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, smell, look at, listen to, observe, find 等表示感官和心理状态的动词后面作宾语补足语，和一个名词或代词一起构成复合宾语。
We heard the children shouting upstairs. 我们听见孩子们在楼上叫喊。
I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car. 我下车的时候注意到一个男人从银行里跑出来。
I felt my heart beating violently. 我觉得我的心在猛烈地跳动。
2．动词的-ing形式和不定式作宾语补语的区别在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后，既可用动词的-ing形式构成复合宾语，也可用不定式构成复合宾语，两者之间有一定的区别。
用动词的-ing形式时，表示动作正在进行；用不定式时，表示动作发生了，即动作的全过程结束了。
He saw a girl getting on the car. 他看见一个女孩在上汽车。
(She was getting on the car.)He saw a girl get on the car and drive off. 他看见一个女孩上车开走了。
(She got on the car and drove off.)Do you hear someone knocking at the door 你听见有人在敲门吗？(Someone is knocking at the door.)Do you hear someone knock at the door 你听见有人敲门了吗？(Someone knocked at the door just now.)提示：如果宾语补足语是一系列的动作，通常只能用不定式来表示，不用动词的-ing形式。
必修4动词-ing形式作表语,定语,宾语补足语和状语
年级高一学科英语版本人教实验版内容标题必修4 Unit 3 A taste of English humor动词-ing形式作表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语编稿老师林静【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：动词-ing形式作表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语二. 知识精讲（一）动词的ing形式作表语1. 动名词作表语一般表示抽象的、习惯性的行为，这时主语与表语的位置可以互换。
Her duty is taking care of the babies.照看婴儿是她的职责。
Our job is playing all kinds of music.我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐2. 现在分词作表语，表明的是主语的性质与特征，相当于形容词，可有比较级形式，亦可被very, quite，so等副词修饰，这时主语与表语的位置不可互换The music they are playing sounds exciting.他们演奏的音乐是如此令人兴奋The film we saw last night is quite moving.我们昨晚看的电影十分感人。
（二）动词的ing形式作定语1. 动名词作定语，表示该名词的用途或与其有关的动作，通常只能放在所修饰的名词前。
a walking stick手杖reading room 阅览室washing machine洗衣机2.现在分词作定语，说明所修饰的名词正在进行的动作或存在的状态，现在分词与所修饰的名词具有逻辑上的主谓关系，可换成定语从句来表达，单个的现在分词作定语常置于被修饰的名词前，现在分词短语作定语须置于被修饰的名词后。
Nobody can stop the running horse(=the horse that is running).没人能阻止那匹奔跑的马。
The student making the experiment(=who is making the experiment) is our monitor.正在做实验的那个学生是我们的班长。
动词的ing形式作表语,定语,宾补和状语讲解学习
动词的i n g形式作表语,定语,宾补和状语动词的ing形式作表语，定语，宾补和状语一、动词-ing形式作表语1. 表示主语的内容 ,可以转换到句首作主语Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. (= keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job)她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。
2. 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一个形容词）The problem is quite puzzling.这个问题很令困惑。
3.常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。
全析提示：动词-ing形式作表语时，其逻辑主语往往是句子中的主语，但用作表语的-ing形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语。
What worries me most is her staying too late every night. (staying too late every night的逻辑主语是her)二、动词-ing形式作定语1 单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。
①说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。
a reading room = a room which is used for reading 阅览室running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋a working method =a method for working 工作方法②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。
动词-ing形式的用法
V-ing形式的用法动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语【知识点拨】一、动词-ing形式作表语动词-ing形式可用在系动词后面作表语，说明主语的性质或情况，多表示一般性的或抽象的行为。
例如：The news that our school won the game was exciting.注意：动词-ing形式作表语与进行时态的区别：进行时态表示主语正在做什么，而动词-ing形式作表语只是说明主语的特性或情况。
试比较：Mike is listening to music. 迈克正在听音乐。
(当前正在进行的动作) Mike’s favorite hobby is listening to music.迈克最大的爱好是听音乐。
(说明主语的情况)二、动词-ing形式作定语动词-ing形式作定语有两种用法，即：1.表示所修饰名词的用途或功能，意为“供……用的”。
例如： a reading room, a swimming pool, a singing competition, drinking water等。
2.表示主动和正在进行，相当于一个定语从句。
例如：falling leaves (=leaves that are falling), the rising sun (=the sun that is rising)。
单个的动词-ing形式作定语通常放在所修饰的名词之前，而短语则一般被放在所修饰的名词之后。
例如：exciting news, the students talking about the problem。
三、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，即用来补充说明宾语的动作或情况。
常用的跟动词-ing形式作宾补的动词有：1. 表示感觉和心理状态的动词。
常见的有 see, watch, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, catch等。
动词ing作表语,定语,宾补语法讲解
V-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语一V-ing形式作表语1. 动名词作表语表示抽象的、经常性、一般的行为，可与主语互换位置。
现在分词作表语表示主语的特征、性质和状态。
One of his bad habits is smoking while having dinner.Smoking while having dinner is one of his bad habit．The film we saw last night is quite moving. （现在分词）我们昨晚看的电影十分动人。
注：不定式(to do)亦可作表语，但不定式侧重某次具体的动作。
Her job is ___nursing______ (nurse) patients in the hospital; but this weekend her task is ___to look after___________ (look after) her granny.2.使人产生某种情绪或感觉的使动词，如disappoint, amuse, astonish, interest, frighten, puzzle, surprise, move, excite, bore, confuse等，V-ing表示“令人…的”, 而V-ed表示“(人)感到…的”。
I don’t think her joke is amusing at all.I am not amused at her joke at all.The film we saw last night was very moving.We were moved at the film we saw lat night.二V-ing形式作定语动名词作定语用来说明该名词的用途，不表示名词本身的动作；现在分词作定语与所修饰的名词具有逻辑上的主谓关系，即现在分词相当于所修饰名词的谓语。
高一英语资料 动词ing形式作表语、定语、宾语、补足语和状语练习题
高一英语资料动词ing形式作表语、定语、宾语、补足语和状语练习题高一英语资料动词ing形式作表语、定语、宾语、补足语和状语练习题动词的ing形式作表语，定语，宾补和状语一、动词-ing形式作表语1. 表示主语的内容 ,可以转换到句首作主语 (= 她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。
2. 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一个形容词)The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令困惑。
3.常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusing, confusing,disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring,interesting, surprising等。
全析提示:动词-ing形式作表语时，其逻辑主语往往是句子中的主语，但用作表语的-ing形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语。
What worries me most is her staying too late every night. (stayingtoo late every night的逻辑主语是her) 二、动词-ing形式作定语1 单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。
? 说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。
a reading room = a room which is used for reading 阅览室 running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋a working method =a method for working 工作方法 ? 表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。
developing countries = countries that are developing 发展中国家an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary 看起来很普通的房子 a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzlessomebody 困扰人的问题2 作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。
高一英语doing
全析提示：接现在分析作宾语补足语的动词有
feel, hear, listen to, see, look at, watch, observe, notice, find, smell, set, have, keep, start, leave, get catch等。
高考链接
1. The ______ boy was last seen ______ near the bank of the lake.
amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring,
encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。
全析提示：（1）动名词作表语和主语是等值关系，
两者有时可以互换，句子意思不变；动名词后面 可以接宾语、状语。 （2）现在分词作表语和主语不是对等关系，现在 分词后面不能接宾语，但它前面可以有修饰性的 副词，如very, rather等。
全析提示：
1. 动名词短语不能作定语，单个的动名词可 以用作定语，但仅作前置定语。
如 working method=method for working 工作方法
2. 单个分和分词短语都可作定语，单个分 词一般作前置定语，分词短语则作后置定 语，相当于一个定语从句。
如：the man visiting Japan=the man who is visiting Japan 访日的那个人。
三、动词-ing形式作宾补
动名词不能作宾语补足语。现在分词作宾 补表示的是正在发生的动作。例如： 我看见他正在上楼。
I saw him going upstairs. 我们看着她在过大街。
ing的用法
She went on board the train leaving for Shanghai. =She went on board the train, which was leaving for Shanghai. 她乘坐了去上海的火车。 There are two roads before us, one leading to the beach, the other to the park. =There are two roads before us, one which leads to the beach, the other to the park. 在我们面前有两条路，一条通向沙滩，另 一条通向公园。
ing的用法
动词的-ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，由 动词原形加-ing构成，包括-ing分词和-ing动名 词。可以在句子中用作主语、表语、宾语、宾 语补语、状语和定语。
一、作主语
1．一般形式 Seeing is believing. 眼见为信。 Coming to Hangzhou by train tkes about 16 hours. 乘火车到杭州要16个小时。
Can you remember?
3.使役动词，如：set, keep, have, get, leave, catch等。如： Can you get my watch going again? 你能使我的表再走起来吗？ This sets me thinking. 这使我思考。
高一英语doing
Grammar
动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾补
一、动词-ing形式作表语
动名词作表语表示抽象的、一般的行为，现在分 词作表语表示主语的特征、性质和状态。
我们最大的幸福是为人民服务。 Our greatest happiness is serving the people.（动名词） 我们的任务是建设社会主义。 Our task is building socialism. （动名词）
全析提示：
1. 动名词短语不能作定语，单个的动名词可 以用作定语，但仅作前置定语。
如 working method=method for working 工作方法
2. 单个分词和分词短语都可作定语，单个分 词一般作前置定语，分词短语则作后置定 语，相当于一个定语从句。
如：the man visiting Japan=the man who is visiting Japan 访日的那个人。
解析：missing是形容词，作boy的定语，意思 是“失踪的”。 was last seen playing表 示被看见时正在玩。
2. Mr Smith, ______ of the ______ speech, started to read a novel. A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring
3. When we watched the national flag ______ in the Olympic Games on TV, we raised a cheer. A. rise B. being risen C. raised D. being raised
人教版高中英语【必修四】[动词ing形式作表语,定语和宾语补足语
人教版高中英语必修四知识点梳理重点题型（常考知识点）巩固练习动词ing形式作表语，定语和宾语补足语概念引入：The music they are playing sounds so exciting .We watched three boys sharing their food with eachOur job is playing all kinds of music .The girl singing now is a classmate of mine语法讲解【356774 ，非谓语动词之-ing形式，非谓语动词之ing形式】非谓语动词中的ing形式包括两种：一种是动名词，另外一种是现在分词。
•基本形式：1、-ing形式作表语1) -ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的具体内容(身份、性质或情况)。
如：Her hobby is painting.她的业余爱好是画画。
My job is looking after the children.我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。
2) –ing用来表示主语所具有的特征，如：His concern for his mother is most touching.他对母亲的关爱很感人。
His words are encouraging.他的话很鼓舞人。
2、-ing形式作定语1). 说明被修饰名词的作用和用途，如：building materials= materials for building 建筑材料drinking water= water for drinking 饮用水a reading room= a room for reading 阅览室2). 说明被修饰名词的作用和用途，如：tiring music= music that is tiring 烦人的音乐a surprising result= a result that is surprising一个惊人的结果3). 表示被修饰名词正在进行的动作，如：正在做实验的那个学生是我们的班长。
动词-ing形式 (现在分词形式)做各种句子成分 高中英语
动词-ing形式由动词原形+ing构成，一方面具有 动词的性质，另一方面也相当于一个名词、形 容词或副词。动词-ing形式能在句中作主语、宾 语、表语、定语、宾语补足主语
Collecting information is very important to businessmen. Learning a foreign language is very useful to me. Seeing is believing. Travelling abroad can be very exciting.
动词-ing形式拔高
一般式
主动形式 doing
被动形式 being done
完成式 having done having been done 其否定形式是在doing前加not
意义
表示的动作和谓语动词所表示 的动作同时发生
表示的动作发生在谓语动词所 表示的动作之前
While shopping, people sometimes can’t help being persuaded into buying something they don’t really need.
五、v-ing形式做宾补
We heard her singing in her room. You can see them performing every night this week at the new theatre. We watch the childing diving into the water from the diving board. Listen to the birds singing.
There is/was no use/ point (in ) doing You don’t take advice so there is no point in asking for it.
英语中-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语的用法
英语中-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语的用法1. 动词的ing形式包括动名词和现在分词，二者都可作表语。
如：Our job is playing all kinds of music . ( 动名词)The music they are playing sounds so exciting . ( 现在分词)注：一般来讲，动名词( 短语) 作表语，主表可互换，即：Playing all kinds of music is our job.现在分词作表语，表明主语的性质和特征，主表不可互换。
2. - ing形式做定语可以表示1 ) 所修饰名词的用途a waiting room ( = a room for waiting ) / a walking stick ( = a stick for walking )2 ) 所修饰名词正在进行的动作，可以换成定语从句形式a waiting man ( = a man who is waiting ) / a sleeping child ( = a child who is sleeping )3. 在see , hear , feel , watch , notice等感观动词后可以用- ing形式做宾语补足语。
这时- ing形式和句子的宾语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，并且- ing形式表示宾语正在进行的动作。
如：He saw a girl getting on the tractor. ( = He saw a girl and the girl was getting on the tractor . )Do you hear someone knocking at the door?1).做宾语补足语We watched three boys sharing their food with each other.2).做主语补足语She was heard singing in the next room.3).做表语和定语My job is teaching English. /a walking stick/a waiting room当-ing分词做定语的时候，常常放在被修饰名词的后面The girl singing now is a classmate of mine.4).做伴随、原因、时间、结果状语He sat at the desk reading a magazine.Being very young, he can't dress himself.Having finished all the work, they went to the shore. Her parents died, leaving her a big house.。
-ing-形式作定语--宾语补足语和表语
didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room.
(江西2005)
A. who has made B. having made
C. made
D. making
3. —Come on, please give me some ideas
about the project.
我们发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。
I found a bag lying on the ground.
我发现地板上放着一个包。
The boss kept the workers working the whole night.
那老板让工人整夜地工作。
第11页，共28页。
2）当主句转换为被动结构时, 原来作宾语补 足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。 如：
A. burning
B. burnt
C. being burnt D. to be burnt
第27页，共28页。
6. It is believed that if a book is _______, it will surely _______ the reader. (上海 2003) A. interested; interest B. interesting; be interested
visiting
第21页，共28页。
2. Many people still enjoy seeing Charlie
Chaplin’s silent films.
√
3. That cartoon picture shows Charlie
Chaplin watch himself watching in a
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
V-ing形式作表语
1. 表抽象性、经常性、一般性的动作，可与主语互换 位置。
One of his bad habits is smoking while having dinner.
Smoking while having dinner is one of his bad habits.
I saw a boy get on the bus.
I saw a boy beaten by his father.
V-ing形式作宾语补足语
主要用于以下两类动词后作宾语补足语。 2. 使役动词：have, set, keep, leave, get+ V-ing表
示处于某种状态或持续干某事。
granny.
V-ing形式作表语
2.使人产生某种情绪或感觉的使动词，如 disappoint, amuse, astonish, interest, frighten, puzzle, surprise, move, excite, bore, confuse等， V-ing表示“令人…的”, 而V-ed表示“(人)感 到…的”。
I don’t think her joke is amusing at all.
I am not amused at her joke at all.
The film we saw last night was very moving.
We were moved at the film we saw lat night.
I noticed a stranger sliding into the manager’s office.
V-ing形式作宾语补足语
1. 感官动词： 注：感官动词+
doing (正在进行) (to) do (动作的全过程) done (动作的被动、完成)
I saw a boy getting on the bus.
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.
It’s not difficult to get him talking --- the problem is how to stop him.
V-ing形式作宾语补足语
2. 使役动词： 注：使役动词+
doing to do (去做/完成一件事) done (动作的被动、完成)
V-ing形式作定语
1. 表示修饰名词的属性、作用或用途。
the reading/dinning/waiting room
washing/bathing/drinking water
2. 使动词的V-ing作定语，表示修饰名词的性质、
特点。
表语
The speech is boring.
This/It is a boring speech. 定语
Do you know the man who has picked up a wallet?
Anyone being outside school shall get punished.
Anyone outside school shall get punished.
Anyone who is outside school shall get punished.
He left the little girl to find her own way home.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Never leave children playing near water by themselves.
I will have my computer repaired.
V-ing形式作定语
3. 表示所修饰名词的动作或状态，相当于一个 定语从句。
Watch out for the rolling stone. Watch out for the stone which is rolling.
They lived in a house facing the sea.
注：不定式(to do)亦可作表语，但不定式侧重某次具体 的动作。
Her job is _n__u_r_s_i_n_g_ (nurse) patients in the hospital; but this weekend her task is __to__l_o_o_k__a_f_te_r__ (look after) her
They lived in a house which faces the sea.
V-ing形式作定语
注：V-ing形式的完成时不可作限制性的后置定 语。形容词、副词、介词短语作后置定语，前面 无需加being。
Do you know the man having picked up a wallet?
V-ing形式作宾语补足语
主要用于以下两类动词后作宾语补足语。
1. 感官动词：see, hear, feel, smell, watch, find, listen to, look at, notice, observe, + V-ing表示动 作正在进行。
Suddenly we heard someone knocking gently on the window.