高考英语总复习 语法专题 第九讲 情态动词和虚拟语气精练精析 新人教版

合集下载

2020高考英语总复习实用精品学案 高考语法专题 情态动词与虚拟语气 新人教版

2020高考英语总复习实用精品学案 高考语法专题 情态动词与虚拟语气 新人教版

高考语法专题:情态动词与虚拟语气考纲新研读情态动词1. can, could(1)表示能力或客观可能性、请求或允许:Man cannot live without air or water.(2)表示惊异、怀疑、不相信:How can you be so careless!He couldn’t be over sixty.(3)表示对过去否定或疑问的猜测:Jack cannot (couldn’t) have been to China, has he?Can (Could) he have heard the news?(4)表示虚拟语气,用于肯定句,could have done,“过去能够干某事而没干”。

I could have lent him money, but he didn’t ask me.Given more time, I could have done it even better.(5)表示“有时会”:Training alone can be dangerous.2. may, might(1)表示推测“可能”:That may or may not be true.(2)对过去可能性的推测,may (might可能性更小)have done:She may not have seen the film.She might have had an accident.(3)表示虚拟语气“有可能干而没干”:She might have given you more help, but she didn’t.(4)表示祝愿:May you succeed in passing the exam!3.must,have to(1)“必须”,“必要”:Soldiers must obey orders.You mustn’t talk like that.(2)肯定的猜测(不能用于否定或疑问):“一定”:He must be seventy now.He must be doing his homework upstairs.I think you must have made a mistake, didn’t you?He must have been doing his homework then.(3)(表示与说话人愿望相反及不耐烦)偏要Just as I was hurrying to class, Mary must come, telling a long story.4. need(1)“需要”,主要用于否定、疑问句。

历年高考英语语法精讲精练-情态动词和虚拟语气有解析.doc

历年高考英语语法精讲精练-情态动词和虚拟语气有解析.doc

高考英语语法精讲精练-情态动词和虚拟语气一、情态动词的语法特征(1)情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。

(2)情态动词除ought 和have 外,后面只能接不带to 的不定式。

(3)情态动词没有人称,数的变化,即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。

(4)情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式、分词、动名词等形式。

二、虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,所说的是一个条件,多半不是事实,或与事实相反。

高考重点要求:1、情态动词的基本用法2、情态动词表示推测的语义差别3、情态动词后接不定式完成体的不同意义4、虚拟语气中情态动词的用法知识点概述一、情态动词(一)情态动词种类1. can表示体力或脑力方面的“能力”、“技能”或根据客观条件能做某种动作的“可能性”, 但表示人的体力或智力的具体动作时须用be able to .He was able to do that without any help.他不需要任何帮助就能完成这项工作。

2. may表示“允许,可以”,相当于be allowed to .may或might可和as well连用,表示“建议”,译为“还是……的为好”You may as well keep a certain distance from that mad man. 你们还是离那疯子远点为好。

You might as well go home now.你还是现在回家为好。

3. must表示“必须”或“应当”、“一定”。

4. have to 加动词原形,表示“不得不”,“必须”,它比must更强调客观。

Tom had to work into the deep night every day to earn a living. 汤姆为了生计每天都得工作到深夜。

5. should 表示“劝告”,“建议”或“义务”时,译作“应当”,或表示“预测”和“可能”。

备战2024年高考英语考试易错点09 情态动词和虚拟语气(4大陷阱)(解析版)

备战2024年高考英语考试易错点09  情态动词和虚拟语气(4大陷阱)(解析版)

易错点09情态动词和虚拟语气目录01易错陷阱(4大陷阱)02举一反三【易错点提醒一】情态动词基本用法易混易错点【易错点提醒二】情态动词表判断推测易混易错点【易错点提醒三】情态动词后+have done易混易错点【易错点提醒四】虚拟语气易混易错点03易错题通关易错陷阱1:情态动词基本用法易混易错点。

【分析】功能:情态动词不能单独作谓语,后跟动词原形共同构成谓语。

形式:情态动词没有人称和数的变化。

否定形式是多数情态动词的否定式是在情态动词的后面加not。

时态:个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式,过去式用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气。

位置:情态动词在谓语之前;谓语动词前若有助动词,则在助动词之前。

疑问句中在主语之前。

【高频考点】1.can/could表能力、请求、可能性(表示可能性用于否定句及疑问句中);特殊句型:can not...too.../enough(再怎么……也不过分)、can't help but do sth.(不得不做某事)、can't wait to do sth.(迫不及待地做某事)。

2.may/might表较小的可能性;表示请求许可以及祝愿。

句型和搭配:may/might as well do表示“还是……好;最好……”;may well do表示“很可能”;may可以用来表示祝愿,用“may+主语+动词原形”结构。

May you succeed.祝你成功。

3.must表示非常肯定的推测;表“偏要;非要……不可”;mustn't意为“禁止”,表示“不必”应用needn't。

4.shall的用法用于第二、三人称的陈述句中,表命令、警告、许诺或威胁等,语气强于should;用于第一、三人称的疑问句中,表示征询意见。

5.should/ought toshould表责任、义务、劝告、建议等,意为“应该”,还可表出乎意料的语气,意为“竟然”;ought to表义务或责任,意为“应该”。

高考英语(人教版)一轮总复习第二部分(语法突破专题):专题9 情态动词和虚拟语气(共38张PPT)

高考英语(人教版)一轮总复习第二部分(语法突破专题):专题9  情态动词和虚拟语气(共38张PPT)

第二部分
专题九 情态动词和虚拟语气
名师高效课堂
即时跟踪检测
-6-
❷may与might的用法 1.表示允许。 (1)两者都可表示请求别人允许,might 的语气较委婉(但并不表示过去)。 May/Might I ask you some questions about the modern Olympics?我能问你几个关于现代 奥运会的问题吗? (2)表允许别人做某事通常用 may而不用might。 —May/Might I stay?我可以留下吗?(表请求,两者皆可用) —Yes,you may.可以。(表允许,不能用 might) 2.表推测。 (1)might比may语气更不确定,表示的可能性更小;两者均可用于肯定句和否定句。 He may/might know the answer.他可能知道答案。 I think he may/might not be able to pay.我认为他可能会付不起钱。
第二部分
专题九 情态动词和虚拟语气
名师高效课堂
即时跟踪检测
-5-
典例1 (2013· 安徽高考改编)It be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words. 【解析】句意:在练习中导致你出问题的不可能是词汇,因为你认识很多单词。根据句 意可知,此处表示对过去事情的非常有把握的否定推测,故应该使用情态动词couldn’t。 【答案】 couldn’t 典例2 I am going to Europe on vacation if I find the money. 【解析】句意:如果我能够筹到足够的钱,我打算去欧洲度假。根据句意可知,此处表示 现在的能力,应该使用情态动词can。 【答案】 can

2020年高考英语必考点专题09情态动词和虚拟语气(精讲深剖)(含解析)

2020年高考英语必考点专题09情态动词和虚拟语气(精讲深剖)(含解析)

专题09 情态动词和虚拟语气——精讲深剖1. ( 2019 江苏卷) What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ______________ a good time together.A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. had had【答案】 C【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句意:真遗憾!你错过了这次观光,否则,我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。

根据上文,可知是对过去事情的虚拟,与过去事实相反的假设。

其句子结构为:从句: If+ 主语 +过去完成时 +其他,主句:主语 +should(would, could, might)+ 现在完成时 +其他,故选 C。

2. ( 2019 天津卷) The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ___________________ the task inhalf the time.A. accomplishedB. had accomplishedC. would accomplishD. would have accomplished【答案】 D 【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句意:工人们没有被更好的组织起来,否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。

根据上句 the workers were not better organized 可知,这是对过去事情的虚拟。

与过去事实相反的假设。

其句子结构为:从句: If+ 主语 +过去完成时 +其他,主句:主语 +should(would, could, might)+ 现在完成时 +其他,故选 D。

3.( 2018 天津卷) I can't find my purse. I it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm notsure.A. should leave B .must have leftC. might leave D. could have left【答案】 D。

备战2021年高考英语纠错笔记系列专题09情态动词和虚拟语气(含解析)

备战2021年高考英语纠错笔记系列专题09情态动词和虚拟语气(含解析)

备战2021年高考英语纠错笔记系列专题09情态动词和虚拟语气(含解析)易错点1 情态动词的误用1. Some people who don’t like to talk much are not necessarily shy; they _______________ just be quiet people.A. mustB. mayC. shouldD. would【错因分析】考生容易误选C项,认为是"一定是",实际上那个地点表示可能性。

【参考答案】Bmay/might接动词原形时表示对现在情形的估量,意思是"可能"。

She thought it might be wise to try her luck here. 她认为在这儿碰碰运气也许不错。

2. —What does the sign over there read?—No person ______________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.A. willB. mayC. shallD. must【错因分析】考生容易误选A项,认为那个地点要用will表示今后或意愿。

shall在本句中用于第三人称,表示警告和禁止;will表示现在的意志、愿望等,意为"要,期望";may表示许可,或用于要求许可,意为"可,能够";must意为"必须,要,应当"。

【试题解析】句意:——那边的那个标志说的什么?——任何人都不准在那个区域吸烟、或携带点着的香烟、雪茄或烟斗。

依照语境可知那个地点表示警告和禁止,因此要用should。

【参考答案】Cshall用作情态动词要紧有以下两个用法:(1)用于第一、三人称的疑问句,表示征求对方意见。

Shall I help you? 要不要我帮你?Shall I open the window? 要我把窗子打开吗?Shall she go to the concert with us this evening? 她要和我们一起去音乐会吗?(2)用于陈述句中表示允诺、警告、警告、威逼、命令、规定、必定性等(可用于各类人称)。

高考英语一轮复习 精细化学通语法 第九讲 情态动词与虚拟语气讲义-人教版高三全册英语教案

高考英语一轮复习 精细化学通语法 第九讲 情态动词与虚拟语气讲义-人教版高三全册英语教案

第九讲情态动词与虚拟语气情态动词(一)1.can/could(1)表示能力,意为“能,会”。

The smallest good habits can make a big difference.最小的好习惯会产生很大的作用。

It was several minutes before I could take in what he was saying.过了好几分钟,我才理解他说的是什么。

(2)表示推测,意为“可能”,用于否定或疑问句中。

can比could语气强。

This can’t/couldn’t be done by him.这事不可能是他干的。

(3)表示请求或允许。

在疑问句中可以用could代替can,语气更委婉。

Could I use your phone, please?我可以用一下你的电话吗?(4)表示理论上的可能性。

Always believe that good things are possible, and remember that mistakes can be lessons that lead to discoveries.要始终相信美好事物的降临并非不可能,失误也会变成经验教训,从而获得更多发现。

(5)用于否定句和疑问句,表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。

He can’t/couldn’t do this.他不可能这样干。

(表示不相信)Can this be done by him?这可能是他干的吗?(表示疑惑、惊讶)(6)用于固定结构中①can’t ... too/enough表示“无论……也不过分;越……越好”。

You can’t be too careful while driving.你开车时越小心越好。

②can’t help doing sth.表示“禁不住做某事”。

Hearing this story, I couldn’t help laughing.听到这个故事,我禁不住大笑起来。

2021高考英语复习课件:第二部分 专题三 第九讲 情态动词和虚拟语气

2021高考英语复习课件:第二部分 专题三 第九讲 情态动词和虚拟语气

专题三复杂多变的动词情态动词适用句式肯定句适用时态意义一般时、进行时、完成时一定,肯定mustHurry up !They must be waiting for us now.一般时、进行时、完成时疑问句、否定句可能,能够can/couldCan I help you ?一般时、进行时、完成时肯定句、否定句也许,可能may/mig htParents may scold their children when they are untidy.确定或期待,“应该”肯定句、否定一般时、完句成时should/oug ht toHe ought to/should be here —he started early enough.一般时、进行时、完成时肯定句、否定句、疑问句大概will/wouldThis will be the house you're looking for.must have done “(过去)一定做了某事”;语气比sth.may/might “(过去)可能/也许做了某事”;语较肯定;用于肯定句have done sth.气不确定;用于肯定句和否定句“本能够做某事”;用于否定句和疑问句,表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑或不确定can/could have done sth.过去本能够做某事但could have done sth.实际上没做needn't have done sth.过去本不必做某事但实际上做了ought to/should have done过去本应该做某事但sth.实际上没做oughtn't to/shouldn't have过去本不应该做某事done sth.但实际上做了过去可能做某事但实might have done sth.际上没做情况从句谓语动词主句谓语动词过去式(be 的过去would/could/should/式形式用were)might +动词原形与现在事实相反would/could/should/与过去事实相反过去完成式might +have done①were to do would/could/should/②should do与将来事实相反might +动词原形③过去式虚拟情况从句从句谓语动词用过去式(be 的过去式形式用were)与现在事实相反的愿望与过去事实相反的愿望从句谓语动词用had done 与将来事实相从句谓语动词用“would/could/might +动词原形”虚拟情况从句从句用一般过去时(be 的过去式形式用were)与现在事实或将来事实相反与过去事实相反从句用过去完成时虚拟情况从句与现在事实相反(表示与主句的动作同时发生的动作或存在的状态)从句用一般过去时(be 的过去式形式用were)与过去事实相反(表示在主句的动作之前发生的事情)从句用过去完成时第九讲情态动词和虚拟语气高考这样考规则这样记应试这样练套路这样解谢谢观赏。

高中英语2025届高考语法复习情态动词与虚拟语气知识讲解

高中英语2025届高考语法复习情态动词与虚拟语气知识讲解

高考英语语法复习情态动词与虚拟语气知识讲解一、情态动词(1)表示能力时,can只用于一般现在时,could仅用于一般过去时;而be able to则有更多的时态,如将来时、完成时等。

I haven’t been able to read that report yet.He will be able to skate as well as you.(2)Was/were able to表示能力时,侧重经过努力而成功做到某事;而could仅表示具备能力,不说明是否实施了能力。

He studied hard and was able to pass the exam.(3)用在其他动词,如might,may,would,want,hope等之后表示能力只能用be able to。

He might be able to fix your car.(1)must还可以表示质问或感情色彩,意为“偏要,偏偏”。

Why must it snow on Saturday?(2)should还可以表示惊奇、愤怒、失望等特殊情感,尤其用在以why,who,how等开头的疑问句中或某些感叹句中。

why should you be so late today?(1)must作“必须”讲的一般疑问句,其肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。

-Must I pay now?-Yes, you must./No, you needn’t.(2)need还可以作实义动词,有人称和数的变化,后跟带to的不定式作宾语。

She needed to go out for a walk.(1)两者在表示过去的习惯动作或行为时常可通用。

When we were children, we would/used to go skating every winter.(2)Used to与would都不能与表示具体频率、次数的词及特定的时间状语或具体的一段时间连用。

高三英语二轮复习 第一板块第九讲情态动词和虚拟语气

高三英语二轮复习 第一板块第九讲情态动词和虚拟语气
ppt课件
②“may as well+动词原形”意为“最好,满可以,倒不 如”。
You may as well do it at once. 你最好马上就做这件事。
We may as well stay where we are. 我们留在现在的地方倒也不错。 (2)may作“可以”讲时,其否定式常用“mustn’t”表示“禁 止”;must作“必须”讲时,其否定式是“needn’t”,表示 “不必”。
ppt课件
2.may和might的用法 (1)may和might表示“许可”,“可能性”,“祝愿”等意义。 ①在给予别人许可时,常用can,但有时也用may。不能用 might。 —May I play basketball this afternoon? “今天下午我可以打篮球吗?” —No,you may not. “不,不行。”
3.must (1)表示禁止(用于否定句) You must not speak ill of others. 你一定不要说别人的坏话。 Smoking must not be allowed in the office. 严禁在办公室吸烟。 (2)表示“偏执”,“固执” Must you make so much noise? 你非得弄出这么大声吗? If you must smoke,please go out. 如果你偏要吸烟,那你就出去吧。
—May I use your car? —No,you mustn’t.(委婉的拒绝可用:Sorry,but I am using it now.或You’d better not.等)
—Must I work out the problem tonight? —No,you needn’t. ppt课件

2020年新课改·人教版高考英语复习 情态动词与虚拟语气

2020年新课改·人教版高考英语复习   情态动词与虚拟语气

专题七情态动词与虚拟语气情态动词具有一定的词义,没有人称和数的变化,必须和其他动词一起构成谓语,用来表示愿望、态度或推测等。

1.表示能力(1)表示现在的能力⎩⎨⎧canam/is/are able to(2)表示将来的能力:will be able to (3)表示过去的能力⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧could 表示过去的能力,不表示是否做was/were able to 表示过去有能力做,并且成功地做了 相当于:managed to do sth. /succeeded in doing sth.could have done 表示过去本来能够做但未做I can 't promise anything, but I 'll do what I can . 我不能许诺什么,但我会尽力而为。

(表示现在的能力)The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out. 尽管这场大火迅速蔓延到了这个宾馆,但是每个人都逃了出去。

(表示过去有能力做并且成功地做了)I could have worked out the problem, but I was too nervous.我本来可以解出这道题,但我太紧张了。

(表示本来有能力做但未做) 2.表示推测(可能性)可能性可分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。

(1)客观的可能性并不表示具体某事是否会发生,而用来说明人或事物的特征.........。

情态动词can 可用于肯定句中表示客观的(或理论的)可能性,而表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时, can 一般不用于肯定句。

Accidents can happen on such rainy days.在这样的多雨天气里可能会发生事故。

(表示客观的可能性) We may go to the cinema tonight, but we are not sure yet.今晚我们可能去看电影,但还没确定。

2020年高考英语必考点全梳理专题9-情态动词和虚拟语气(高效演练)

2020年高考英语必考点全梳理专题9-情态动词和虚拟语气(高效演练)

专题09情态动词和虚拟语气——高效演练一.单句语法填空1.My room is a mess, but I __________not clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.【答案】need【解析】考查情态动词。

句意:我的房间很乱,都是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫,我可以每天早晨打扫。

故填need。

2.Why didn't you tell me about your trouble last week?If you ________(tell)me,I could have helped.【答案】had told【解析】句意:上个星期你为什么不告诉我你的麻烦事?如果你告诉我了,我就能帮你。

根据句意和相关信息判断,条件句表示与过去事实相反的假设,此时从句用过去完成时,主句谓语用“情态动词+have done”形式。

3.You ______ be Carol.You haven't changed a bit after all these years.4.He ________ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.【答案】couldn't【解析】考查情态动词。

句意:尽管他想努力睡着,但还是无法入眠。

此时他就开始寻找睡着的办法,直到找到为止。

根据语境可知,他显然是“不能”入睡,根据句中的although he tried to可知这里说的是过去的事情,所以用cannot的过去式。

5.The door ________ open, no matter how hard she pushed.【答案】wouldn't【解析】本题考查情态动词。

句意:无论她怎样用力推,这扇门就是不开。

近年届高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专项突破第九讲助动词、情态动词和虚拟语气随堂巩固即时提升新人教版

近年届高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专项突破第九讲助动词、情态动词和虚拟语气随堂巩固即时提升新人教版

(浙江专版)2019届高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专项突破第九讲助动词、情态动词和虚拟语气随堂巩固即时提升新人教版编辑整理:尊敬的读者朋友们:这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方,但是任然希望((浙江专版)2019届高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专项突破第九讲助动词、情态动词和虚拟语气随堂巩固即时提升新人教版)的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。

同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈,这将是我们进步的源泉,前进的动力。

本文可编辑可修改,如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅,最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步,以下为(浙江专版)2019届高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专项突破第九讲助动词、情态动词和虚拟语气随堂巩固即时提升新人教版的全部内容。

助动词、情态动词和虚拟语气Ⅰ单句语法填空1.(2018·江西师大附中等五校联考)It has been accepted that all the students ____________put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus。

shall解析:在第三人称作主语的陈述句中,表示规定、制度,应用shall。

2.(2017·天津卷单项填空)My room is a mess, but I ____________not clean it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning。

need解析:由后面的“I can do it in the morning。

”可知,此处表示“没必要今晚打扫",故用need符合语意。

3.(2015·四川卷短文改错)What do you think I should do?If you ____________(be)me,would you talk to them?were解析:根据语境可知,此处If引导的虚拟条件句是对现在事实的假设,条件状语从句中的谓语动词应用过去式.4.(江苏卷)It was sad to me that they,so poor themselves,____________bring me food.should解析:句意:让我难过的是,他们自己那么贫穷,竟然还给我带来食物。

高考英语二轮复习 1-9 情态动词、虚拟语气语法课件

高考英语二轮复习 1-9 情态动词、虚拟语气语法课件

ppt精选
7
答案:didn't 解析:本题考查反意疑问句。句意:“去年 夏天,我在伦敦度过了两个星期。”“那么,在此期间你肯定参 观了英国博物馆,是不是?”must have done 结构在句中表示对 过去事情的推测,当句末有反意疑问的语气时,可分为两种情况: (1) 句 中 没 有 明 确 的 过 去 时 间 状 语 时 , 反 意 疑 问 句 结 构 为 “haven't/hasn't...”;(2)句中有明确的过去时间状语时,反意疑问 句 结 构 为 “didn't... ? ” 。 根 据 题 干 中 的 过 去 时 间 状 语 last summer 以及 during your stay 可知,反意疑问句的结构应用第二 种情况。
答案:can 解析:考查情态动词。句意:虽然你能在伦敦 买到便宜货,但是一般来说那不是一个买便宜东西的地方。情态 动词 can 表示理论上的可能性。
ppt精选
6
2 . (2014·重 庆 卷 )—I spent two weeks in London last summer.
—Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay, ________ you?
ppt精选
8
3.(2014·重庆卷)I've ordered some pizza, so we ________ worry about cooking when we get home tired.
答案:needn't 解析:本题考查情态动词的基本用法。句意: 我已经要了一些比萨,因此当我们疲惫不堪地到家时,________ 担心做饭的事情。根据前一分句 I've ordered some pizza(我已经 要了一些比萨)可知已经准备好了吃的东西,所以没有必要 (needn't)担心做饭的事情。

第9讲 情态动词和虚拟语气-备战2021年高考英语一轮复习必过知识点 (语法复习)

第9讲  情态动词和虚拟语气-备战2021年高考英语一轮复习必过知识点 (语法复习)

第9讲情态动词和虚拟语气【基础题组】1. She was ill yesterday. If she (not fall) ill, she (attend) the meeting.2. You are late. If you (come) two minutes earlier, you (find) her here.3. He had no time that day. If he (have)time, he (help) the old man with the work.4. Mr. Wang is old. If he (be) young, he (be)as active as the youth.5. He isn't here. If he (can join) us in the study, he (may give) us great help.6. If there (be) no sunlight, there (be) no life on the earth.7. It's high time we (go) to school.8. She insisted that she (get)a job in the office9. If only you (be) here!10. They made a request that the problem (discuss) at the meeting11. Without the computer human life (be)quite different12. I wish I (be) able to talk this over with Mr. Zhang when he was here yesterday13. If he (do)the experiment once more he would adopt another method14. _____ there _____(be)a meeting tomorrow. I would come.15. He demanded that we (start)right now16. He looked as if he ______(be)an artist.1.had not fallen; would have attended2.had come; would have found3.had had; would have helped4.were young; would have been5.could join; might give6.were; were7.go8. get9.were 10.should be discussed 11.would be 12.had been 13.do 14.Were to be 15. should start 16.were【知识梳理1】情态动词考点一:can与could1. 表示能力, 但could主要指过去的能力。

高考英语一轮复习 语法专项突破 第九讲 情态动词和虚拟语气(2021年最新整理)

高考英语一轮复习 语法专项突破 第九讲 情态动词和虚拟语气(2021年最新整理)

2018年高考英语一轮复习语法专项突破第九讲情态动词和虚拟语气编辑整理:尊敬的读者朋友们:这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方,但是任然希望(2018年高考英语一轮复习语法专项突破第九讲情态动词和虚拟语气)的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。

同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈,这将是我们进步的源泉,前进的动力。

本文可编辑可修改,如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅,最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步,以下为2018年高考英语一轮复习语法专项突破第九讲情态动词和虚拟语气的全部内容。

第九讲情态动词和虚拟语气一情态动词1.can/could(1)表示能力(could常用于过去的能力)。

◆Many people can use the computer。

许多人会用电脑。

◆No one could answer this challenging question.没人能回答这个具有挑战性的问题。

(2)表示客观或理论上的可能性.◆It can be very hot here in summer。

这里夏天有时会很热。

◆Accidents can happen to any drunken driver。

醉酒的司机都有可能发生交通事故。

(3)表示请求或允许。

在疑问句中could可以代替can,语气更委婉。

◆(北京高考单项填空)Can I have a word with you? It won’t take long.我可以和你谈谈吗?不会花很多时间的.(4)表示推测,意为“可能”,用于否定句和疑问句。

can比could语气强。

◆He can’t be our manager.He has gone to Beijing.他不可能是我们经理.我们经理已经去北京了。

2.may/might(1)表示请求、允许、许可,might比may的语气更委婉。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

第九讲情态动词和虚拟语气一、情态动词考点透析1.can (could),be able to。

can只有现在式can和过去式could两种形式, be able to可用于现在式、过去式、将来时、完成时。

要表示“能够做某事”,可用can或be able to,但若要说过去的确运用了某种能力做成了某件事情,就只能用was/were able to,表将来具备的能力只能用will/shall be able to。

(1)If you study hard,you will be able to express freely in English in three months.(2)The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out.2.could是can的过去式,但是在很多情况下,特别是在口语中,它表示语气的委婉。

因此,用could提问时,不能用could回答,而要用can或may。

would,might用于疑问句时也表委婉语气,回答时应该用will,may。

(1)-Could I borrow your dictionary?-Yes,of course you can.(2)-Could I call you by the first name?-Yes,you may.(3)-Would you be so kind as to explain the word?-Yes,I will.What is it?3.may/might,can/could都可表示可能,但may/might 不能用于问句,can/could用于否定句、疑问句、感叹句,表示惊异、怀疑,一般不用于肯定句。

如果用于肯定句,则表示偶尔发生某事的可能,或某人某物一时的特点。

(1)-Are you coming to Jeff's party?-I'm not sure.I might go to the concert instead.(2)-Where can Mr.Li be?-Sorry,I don't know.You can go to ask Mr.Zhang.He may help you.(3)Mr.Bush is on time for everything.How can it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?(4)We enjoy good weather in January,but sometimes it can be terribly cold.4.must表推测用于肯定句,其否定式要用can't。

对现在表示推测:must do;can't do对正在进行的动作表示推测:must be doing;can't be doing对过去表示推测:must have done;can't/couldn't have done(1)-There were already five people in the car,but they managed to take me as well.-It couldn't have been a comfortable journey.(2)Jack can't have arrived yet,otherwise he would have telephoned me.(3)Put on more clothes,you must be feeling cold with only a shirt on.(4)I didn't hear the phone.I must have been asleep.5.情态动词完成式的意义。

can/could have done过去可能做过,过去本来可以做某事但没有做must have done过去一定做过may have done可能已经做过,本来可以做但没做might have done过去可能做过,过去本来可以做但没做can't/couldn't have done过去不可能做过某事should (not)have done过去本该(不该)做,但却没做(做了)ought (not)to have done过去本该(不该)做,但却没做(做了)needn't have done过去本来没必要做,但却做了would rather (not)have done宁愿过去做了(没做)注意:must have done,may have done,might have done,can't have done都表推测。

其区别在于可能性的大小。

must have done表很有可能,may have done表有可能,might have done表可能性很小,can't have done则为“不可能”。

(1)I told Sally how to get here,but perhaps I should have written it out for her.(2)Sorry,I'm late.I might have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.(3)I was really anxious about you.You shouldn't have left home without a word.(4)Tom needn't have got up that early since it was Sunday and he had nothing important to do.(5)I would rath er not have blamed him because he was a child after all.6.关于should的主要用法。

(1)It's already seven o'clock.Jack should be here at any moment.(should表推测,意为“随时都会来”,“真该来了”。

)(2)-When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.-They should be ready by 12:00.(should:应该)(3)You can't imagine that a well­behaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady.(should表惊异,意为“居然”、“竟然”)(4)If he should fail to come,ask Mr.Zhang to attend the cer emony instead.(should表语气较强的假设,意为“万一”)(5)We should have studied last night,but we went to the concert instead.(should have studied:我们本该学习的,但却没有学习)7.关于shall的用法。

shall用于第一人称、第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方意见或向对方请示。

shall用于第二、第三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。

(1)Shall I go on reading the text?我要继续读课文吗?(shall:征求意见)(2)You shall be punished one day for what you've done.总有一天你会因你的所作所为受到惩罚的。

(shall:威胁,警告)(3)He shall get what he deserves.I promise it.他会得到他应该得到的,我保证。

(shall:允诺)强化训练一按照句子结构的语法性和句子连贯的要求,在空白处填上适当的情态动词或根据提示使用正确形式的情态动词1.I ________ (not) use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house.2.I________ (not) thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.3.—________ you interrupt now? Can't you see I'm on the phone?—Sorry Sir, but it's urgent.4.I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao” just as I ______do in China.5.We ________ (not) have bought so much food now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner.6.One of our rules is that every student________wear school uniform while at school.7.I'm going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ________ find the money.8.—You have to believe in yourself.No one else will, if you don't.—I ________ (not) agree more.Confidence is really important.9.The new law states that people ______(no t) drive after drinking alcohol.10.It's quite warm here; we ________(not) turn the heating on yet.11.—No one ________ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.—Oh, you are really his big fan.12.The police still haven't found the lost child, but they're doing all they ________.13.It ________ (not) be the postman at the door.It's on ly six o'clock.14.—How's your new babysitter?—We ________ (not) ask for a better one.All our kids love her so much.15.—I don't really like James.Why did you invite him?—Don't worry.He ________ not come.He said he wasn't certai n what his plans were.16.If you ________ smoke, please go outside.17.If you ______ go, at least wait until the storm is over.18.—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?—I am afraid you ________, in case he comes late for the meeting.19.I ________ (not) worry about my weekend.I always have my plans ready before it comes.20.—Will you read me a story, Mummy?—OK.You________ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.1.needn't 2.can't 3.Must 4.might 5.needn't 6.shall7.can 8.couldn't 9.mustn't 10.needn't 11.can 12.can13.can't 14.couldn't 15.might 16.must 17.must18.must 19.needn't 20.shall二、虚拟语气考点透析时间if从句动词主句动词与现在事实相反did(be改为were) should/could/might+do与过去事实相反had+donewould havedone与将来事实可能相反did/should do/were todowould/could do(1)If she were here,everything would be all right.(But she isn't here now.)(2)If you had come five minutes earlier,you would have met the famous pop singer.(3)If it were to rain tomorrow,the outing would be cancelled.(4)If you should visit our school tomorrow,you would see how beautiful it is.时间动词形式例句与现在事实相反的愿望did(be改为were) I wish I were ten yearsyounger.与过去事实相反的愿望had+过去分词He wishes he had gone to the concert last night.将来难以实现的愿望would/might/could+动词原形The last chance has beenlost.How he wishes he couldhave another chance.had,should放在主语前,构成倒装。

相关文档
最新文档