新编汉英翻译教程附录

3.重要机构名称英译学校各部门：校医院university hospital保卫科security section财务处finance section基础部basic training department教材科teaching material section教导处educational setion教务处the dean’s office教研室teaching and research room科研处scientific research department膳食科catering section外事科foreign affairs office学生科student affairs section学术委员会academic committee研究生院graduate school招生办公室admission office政教处political education section总务处general affairs office政党及党组织：九三学社The Jiu San Society台湾民主自治同盟The Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League政治局Political Bureau中共中央对外联络部International Liaison Department of the CPC Central Committee中共中央统战部United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee中国共产党The Communist Party of China中国共产主义青年团Communist Youth League of China中国国民党革命委员会The Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang中国民主促进会China Association for Promoting Democracy中国民主建国会China Democratic National Construction Association中国民主同盟The China Democratic League中国农工民主党Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party中国致公党China Zhi Gong Party中央办公厅General Office of the Central Committee中央党校Party School of the Central Committee中央顾问委员会Advisory Commission of the Central Committee中央候补委员Alternate Member of the Central Committee中央纪律检查委员会Discipline Inspection Commission of the Central Committee中央军事化委员会Military Commission Under the Central Committee中央绿化委员会Greening Commission of the Central Committee中央书记处Secretariat of the Central Committee中央委员会Central Committee /C.C.中央政法委员会Commission of Politics and Law of the Central Committee中央政治局Political Bureau of the Central Committee中央政治局常务委员会Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee中央组织部Organizing Department of the Central Committee国务院所属各部、委、局的名称兵器工业部Ministry of Ordnance Industry财政部Ministry of Finance城乡建设环境保护部Ministry of Urban and Rural Construction and Environment Protection地质矿产部Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources电子工业部Ministry of Electronics Industry对外经济贸易部Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations and Trade对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation纺织工业部Ministry of Textile Industry工商局Industrial and Commercial Bureau工商行政管理总局General Bureau of Industrial and Commercial Administration公安部Ministry of Public Security广播电影电视部Ministry of Radio, Film and Television国防部Ministry of National Defense国防科学技术工业委员会the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for State Security国家安全部Ministry of State Security国家标准总局State Bureau of Standardization国家测量制图局State Bureau of Surveying and Cartography国家档案局State Archives Bureau国家地震局State Seismological Bureau国家发展计划委员会State Development Planning Commission国家海洋局State Oceanic Bureau国家计划生育委员会the State Family Planning Commission国家计划委员会the State Planning Commission国家计量总局State Bureau of Metrology国家经济体制改革委员会the State Commission for Restructuring Economic System国家经济委员会the State Economic Commission国家民族事务委员会the State Nationalities Affairs Commission国家商品检查局State Commodity Inspection Bureau国家水产总局State Bureau of Aquatic Products国家税务局State Taxation Administration国家体育运动委员会the State Physical Culture and Sports Commission国家统计局State Statistical Bureau国家物价局State Bureau of Commodity Prices国家新闻出版署State Press and Publication Bureau国内贸易部Ministry of Internal Trade国土局Land and Resources Bureau国土资源部Ministry of Land and Natural Resources国务院参事室Office of Counselors to the State Council国务院港澳办公室Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office under the State Council国务院侨务办公室Overseas Chinese Affairs under the State Council海关总署General Administration of Customs航天工业部Ministry of Astronautics Industry核工业部Ministry of Nuclear Industry化学工业部Ministry of Chemical Industry机械工业部Ministry of Machine-Building Industry监察部Ministry of Supervision建设部Ministry of Construction交通部Ministry of Communication教育部Ministry of Education科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labor and Social Security林业部Ministry of Forestry旅行游览总局General Administration of Travel and Tourism煤炭工业部Ministry of Coal Industry民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs轻工业部Ministry of Light Industry农牧渔业部Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fishery全国供销合作总社All-China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives 审计署Auditing Administration石油工业部Ministry of Petroleum Industry水利电力部Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power司法部Ministry of Justice铁道部Ministry of Railways外国专家局Bureau of Foreign Experts Administration外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs卫生部Ministry of Health文化部Ministry of Culture信息产业部Ministry of Information Technology and Telecom Industries冶金工业部Ministry of Metallurgical Industries邮电部Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications宗教事务局Bureau of Religious Affairs其他政府和群众组织：中华全国妇女联合会All-China Women’s Federation中华全国工商业联合会All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce中国残疾人协会Chinese Association for the Handicapped中华全国总工会All-China Federation of Trade Unions中国红十字会Red Cross Society of China全国人民代表大会National People’s Congress省人民代表大会Provincial People’s Congress地区人民代表大会Prefectural People’s Congress市人民代表大会City People’s Congress自治区人民代表大会Autonomous Regional People’s Congress中国人民政治协商会议Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference最高人民法院the Supreme People’s Court中级人民法院Intermediate People’s Court中央法院Central Court地方法院Local Court人民检察院People’s Procuratorate公安局Ministry of Public Security中国民用航天局Civil Aviation of China国家安全部Ministry of State Security中国民用航天总局General Administration of Civil Aviation of China中国文字改革委员会Committee for Reforming the Chinese Written Language 中国中央电视台China Central Television Station/ CCTV中央气象局Central Bureau of Meteorology中央文史研究馆Central Research Institute of Culture and History新华社Xinhua News Agency编辑室Editorial Section辞书出版社Lexicographic Publishing House高等教育出版社Higher Education Press古籍出版社Classics Press广播电视出版社Broadcasting and Television Press教育出版社Education Press科学技术出版社Science & Technology Press美术出版社Fine Arts Press人民出版社People’s Publishing House商务印书馆Commercial Press少年儿童出版社Juveniles and Children’s Publishing House社会科学出版社Social Science Publishing House外文出版社Foreign Languages Press文艺出版社Literature and Art Publishing House销售部Sales Department译文出版社Translation Publishing House音像出版社Audio-Visual Publishing House中国对外翻译出版公司China Translation & Publishing Corporation商业银行Commercial Bank信用社Credit Cooperative中国工商银行Industrial & Commercial Bank of China中国建设银行China Construction Bank中国农业银行Agriculture Bank of China中国人民银行the People’s Bank of China中国银行the Bank of China中国文化特色词语宗教及传统文化拜年pay a New Year call财运luck in making money禅宗Chan Sect出家人ascetic祠堂memorial temple倒春寒an unusually cold spell in an otherwise warm early spring 道教Taoism道士Taoist priest法师Master方丈Buddhist abbot佛教Buddhism恭喜发财May you be prosperous!/ Wish you all the best!和尚Buddhist monk红包red envelope containing money as a gift/ bribe/ kickback 红运good luck华表ornamental column/ cloud pillar/stele华盖canopy回教Islam慧根the organ of wisdom基督教Christianity甲骨文inscriptions on oracle bones江南水乡the south of the lower reaches of Yangtze River戒precept/ discipline金刚经Diamond Sutra京剧票友Peking Opera fan京剧人物脸谱types of facial make-up in Peking Opera景泰蓝cloisonné旧教、天主教Catholicism坎儿井karez空emptiness喇嘛Lama老字号an old and famous shop/ enterprise尼姑Buddhist nun涅槃Nirvana旗袍cheongsam三藏经Tripitaka三教（儒、释、道）Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism 时运luck/ fortune四大皆空all space directions being valid新教，耶稣教Protestantism真人Taoism pure man族人clansman坐禅sitting in meditation节假日春节Spring Festival党的诞生日Party’s Birthday端午节Dragon-Boat Festival国庆节National Day建军节Army Day教师节Teachers’ Day六一儿童节International Children’s Day清明节Pure Brightness Day三八妇女节International Working Women’s Day五一劳动节May Day/ International Labor Day元旦New Year’s Day元宵节Lantern Festival中秋节Mid-Autumn Festival重阳节Double-Ninth Festival名胜古迹阿里山Ali Mountain碑林Forest of Steles兵马俑the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses布达拉宫Potala Palace长城Great Wall长春观Changchun Taoist Temple承德避暑山庄Chengde Mountain Resort城隍庙the Town God’s Temple大（小）雁塔Greater （Lesser）Wild Goose Pagoda叠彩山Piled Silk Hill东方明珠塔the Oriental Pearl Power东湖East Lake洞庭湖Dongting Lake峨眉山Mt. Emei二七纪念馆February 7 Memorial Hall夫子庙the Temple of Confucius鼓浪屿Gulang Islet故宫the Imperial Palace/ the Forbidden City归元寺Guiyuan Buddhist Temple龟山Tortoise Hill华清池Huaqing Hot Spring黄鹤楼Yellow Crane Tower黄山Huangshan Mountain九曲桥the Nine Zigzag Bridge橘子洲Orange Island孔庙Confucius Temple坤宁宫Palace of Earthly Tranquility乐山大佛Large Leshan Buddha灵隐寺Temple of Soul’s Retreat龙门石窟Longmen Grottos庐山Mt. Lushan芦笛岩Reed Flute Cave毛主席纪念堂Chairman Mao Memorial Hall莫高窟Mogao Grotto in Dunhuang蓬莱阁Penglai Pavilion人民大会堂People’s Great Hall人民英雄纪念碑the Monument to the People’s Heroes日月潭Sun Moon Lake三峡the Three Gorges on the Yangtze少林寺Shaolin Temple蛇山Snake Hill狮子林Lion Grove十三陵the Ming Tombs石林Stone Forest嵩山Songshan Mountain太和殿Hall of Supreme Harmony太湖Lake Taihu泰山Mt. Taishan天安门广场Tian An Men Square天坛Temple of Heaven外滩the Bund武汉长江大桥Wuhan Changjiang River Bridge武侯祠Temple Dedicated to the Memory of Zhuge Liang象鼻山Elephant Trunk Hill养心殿Hall of Mental Cultivation颐和园the Imperial Garden/ the Summer Palace雨花台the Terrace of the Raining Flowers玉渊潭公园Jade Abyss Pool Park豫园（上海城隍庙）Yuyuan Garden/ Shanghai’s Town God’s Temple 岳阳楼Yueyang Tower中山陵Dr. Sun Yet-sen’s Mausoleum紫金山天文台Purple Hills Observatory紫禁城the Forbidden City紫竹院公园Purple Bamboo Court Park节气二十四节气the twenty-four solar terms立春the Beginning of Spring (1st solar term)雨水Rain Water惊蛰the Waking of Insects春分the Spring Equinox清明Pure Brightness谷雨Grain Rain立夏the Beginning of Summer小满Grain Full芒种Grain in Ear夏至the Summer Solstice小暑Slight Heat大暑Great Heat立秋the Beginning of Autumn处暑the Limit of Heat白露White Dew秋分the Autumn Equinox寒露Cold Dew霜降Frost’s Descent立冬the Beginning of Winter小雪Lesser Snow大雪Great Snow冬至the Winter Solstice小寒Lesser Cold大寒Greater Cold政治经济活动“达标”活动“target hitting” activities“豆腐渣”工程jerry-built project“一条龙”服务coordinated-process service安居工程Housing Project for low-income families按劳分配distribution according to one’s performance把握正确的舆论导向to properly guide the public opinion把眼光放远一点to subordinate immediate interests to the long –term ones/ to be farsighted/ to have a broad view把已经确定的方针政策措施落到实处to get the set principles, policies and measures implemented百花齐放，百家争鸣Let a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend百年不遇once-in-a-century摆门面to put up an impressive front半拉子工程uncompleted project包干到户work contracted to households保重点，不撒胡椒面Resources must be channeled to priority projects and not spread thinly everywhere本位主义departmentalism变相涨价disguised inflation拨乱反正to set things right/ to restore things to order不顾条件，一哄而起to rush into action in disregard of objective conditions不合理收费、集资和摊派to impose charges and quotas and collect money without authorization不良风气unhealthy ways and customs不正之风unhealthy practice部优产品Ministry-recognized quality goods/ products菜篮子工程the shopping basket project参政议政意识the awareness of the need to participate in the discussion and administration of state affairs超计划生育to have more children than what is planned/ extra-plan babies吃大锅饭the egalitarian practice of “everybody eating from the same big pot”吃皇粮to receive salaries, subsidies, or other supported from the government传销pyramid selling/ multi-level marketing春运transportation during the Spring Festival磁悬浮列车maglev train/ magnetic suspension打白条to issue IOUs打假to crack down on counterfeit goods打破僵局to break the deadlock大路货staple goods大排档sidewalk snack booth/ large stall大腕top notch/ a heavyweight待业job-waiting党群关系Party-masses relationship党性one’s Party morale/ Party spirit/ Party character倒爷profiteer第二职业second employment/ second occupation第三产业tertiary industry/ service sector发展是硬道理Development is of overriding importance防洪工程flood-prevention project房管real estate management扶贫poverty alleviation福利分房welfare-oriented public housing distribution system改革开放政策the reform and open policy改革开放reform and opening to the outside world港人治港Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong高新技术产业开发区high and new technological industry development zone搞活国营大中型企业to revitalize large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises搞活经济to invigorate/ enliven/ liberalize the economy革命老根据地the old revolutionary base areas公费医疗medical services at state expense公款吃喝banquet at public expenses挂靠to be attached or affiliated to官倒official profiteering国有大中型企业large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises，和平共处五项原则the Five Principles of Peace Coexistence，和平统一一国两制的方针the principles of peaceful reunification and “one cou ntry, two systems”，和平演变peaceful evolution towards capitalism，黑店gangster inn，黑社会gangland，户口簿residence booklet，户主head of a household，户口管理制度domicile system/residence registration system，基本国情fundamental realities of the country，集体主义community spirit/collectivism，计划生育family planning，坚持两个文明一起抓ensure that efforts are made to build a society that is advanced both materially and culturally and ideologically，减员增效下岗分流cut down the size of workforce for efficiency and get the layoffs re-employed elsewhere，讲文明礼貌promote civilized behavior/civic manners，解放生产力emancipate the productive forces，经济开发区economic development zone，经济特区special economic zone，精神文明建设promote cultural and ethical progress，纠风办State Council Office for Rectification，纠正不正之风rectify unhealthy tendencies and malpractices，九年义务教育nine-year compulsory education，军转民military conversion/conversion from military to civilian production，开展扫黄打非斗争crack down on pornography and other illegal publications，科技是第一生产力Science and technology constitute a primary productive force.科教兴国战略the strategy of developing the country by relying on science and education，领导班子leading body/group，龙头play a leading role in/ serve as a powerhouse，乱涨价unauthorized price rise，磨洋工dawdle along，南水北调工程projects to divert water from the south to the north,全民所有制public ownership/public sector/publicly owned，三峡工程Three Gorges Project，扫黄anti-pornography drive/campaign against pornography，四有公民citizens who have high ideas, moral integrity, a good education and a strong sense of disciple，涉外婚姻Chinese marriage with foreign nationals，十年动乱the ten chaotic years/the ten-year turmoil，退居二线leave the leading post/retire from the leading post，脱贫shake off poverty，晚婚晚育late marriage and postponement of childbearing，物质文明material progress，下岗人员the laid-off，下海take the plunge into private business，下硬功夫make intensive efforts，乡镇企业township enterprise/rural enterprise，小康生活lead a relatively comfortable life，小商品市场small fair，信息高速公路information highway/info highway，亚运村Asian Games Village，严打crack down on crimes and social evils，严防死守life-and-death defense，一刀切action in disregard of objective conditions，一国两制one country, two systems.依法治国rule the country in accordance with law，移风易俗transform outmoded habit and custom，以权谋私abuse power for personal gains，优生优育promote good prenatal and postnatal care/ improve prenatal and postnatal care，有经济头脑的人commercially minded people/people with business sense，治理整顿improve the economic environment and rectify the economic order，专业户specialized household，走共同致富的道路take the road to common prosperity，遵纪守法observe discipline and aside by the law。