主谓一致课件.ppt

主谓一致
概念:
主谓一致是指谓语动词与 主语在人称和数上保持一致。
找出下列句子的错误 1.The police is comimg soon. are
Let’s try.
2.The sad news make me cry. makes 3.My shoes is new . are 4.The rich is going to be looked after well. are
A sheep is over there. Some sheep are over there.
5. 名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情况 一般只指商店、工厂、住宅等，作主语时，动词 一般用单数。
The doctor’s is across the street. My uncle’s is not far from here.
常见的省略名词有：the baker’s（面包 房）, the barber’s（理发店）, the Zhang’s（张家）等。
注: the ＋姓氏名词的复数形式则表 示一家人。
The Greens are having breakfast now.
6. 表示成双成套的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复 数形式，例如：glasses, shoes, chopsticks, pants等。
His family is a happy one.
The whole family are watching TV.
3. 某些集体名词，如people, police, clothes等，只当复数看待，谓语动词必 须用复数。
The police are searching for the thief. 4. 单、复数同形的名词如 sheep, deer, fish, Chinese, Japanese 主语时，谓 语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。
The pants are mine. My glasses are on the table.
但如果主语用“a kind of, a pair of , a series of 等加名词”构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
A pair of shoes was under the desk. Two pairs of shoes were under the desk.
就近一致原则：
指当主语由两个或两个以上名词或代词组成时, 谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致.
Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.
There is a pen and some books on the desk. 提 示： 一般说来,究竟何时采用何种原则,应视英语习 惯用法而定.但在实际使用中,如果对上述三种 原则捉摸不定时,遵循语法一致的原则是一种 比较稳妥的方法.
Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book.
There are twenty dollars on the desk.
（1）主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语 动词用复数。
My family are (be) watching TV at 7 o’clock
5.This pair of glasses are mine. is
6.The first class begin at eight every
morning.
begins
先测一测.
哪一句表达正确？ 1.Our class are going to hike next week Our class are big and clean . 2.A speaker and writer does exercise every day. A speaker and a writer does exercise every day. 3.A number of Chinese are learning English. The number of the students are forty.
1. 单数名词，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数 形式，复数名词作主语，谓语用复数形式。
The desk is Tom’s.
名词作主语
Some water is in the bottle.
The students are playing football on the playground.
2. 某些集体名词，如family, team, club， class，public， group等作主语时，如果作为一 个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中 一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。
yesterday evening. 单数形式代表复数内容的词有people、police、等。
（2）主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓 语动词用单数。
The news is (be) very exciting.
复数形式代表单数内容的词有news、works（工 厂）、means和以ics结尾的学科名称physics、 politics、economics等。
2、意义一致原则：
指谓语动词的单,复数要取决于主语所表达的 概念,而不取决于表面上的语法标记. 指主语形式上 为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形 式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这 是谓语动词用单数形式。
My family are having lunch now.
My family is a big family.
Do you know th语法一致原则：
指主语和谓语在单复数形式上的一致关系。 主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;反之,谓
语动词用复数形式.
Tom is a good student. They often play football on the playground.
7．当表示国家，城市，人名，书名， 报纸，杂志，及组织机构等的专有名词做主 语时，作为整体，谓语动词用单数形式。