初中英语被动语态

被动语态的概念与结构

1.概念

语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句子主语和谓语动词之间的关系。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

We clean the office every day. 我们每天打扫办公室。(主动语态)

The abacus was invented in the sixth century by the Chinese.

算盘是中国人在6世纪发明的。( 被动语态)

2.结构

被动语态由“be +过去分词”构成。其各种被动语态结构

一般现在时am/is/are+过去分词

一般过去时was\were+过去分词

一般将来时shall/will be+过去分词

am/is/are going to be +过去分词

现在进行时am/is/are being +过去分词

现在完成时have/has been+过去分词

过去进行时was/were being +过去分词

过去将来时should/would be +过去分词

was/were going to be +过去分词

含有情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词

3.一般现在时的被动语态

一般现在时的被动语态由“am/is/are +过去分词”构成。

-What are they used for? 一它们是用来做什么的?

-They're used for seeing in the dark. 一它们是被用来在黑暗中照明的。

题目1. In order to make our hometown more beautiful, trees around the city every year.

A. plant

B. are planted

C. will plant

2. Soft drinks _to children for free in some restaurants on Children's Day.

A. offer

B. have offered

C. are offered

D. will be offered

1.B 句意:为了让我们的家乡更加美丽，每年都要在我们的城市周围栽树。本题考查时态和被动语态。根据every year可知，应该用一般现在时;又因为plant和trees之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。般现在时的被动语态构成为“be( am/is/are) +动词的过去分词”。故选B项。

2. C 句意:在儿童节，一些饭店免费给孩子们提供不含酒精的饮料。本题考查被动语态。on Children's Day指的是每个儿童节，所以用一般现在时;soft drinks 和offer是被动关系，故用被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态是由“am/ is/ are +过去分词”构成。故答案选C项。

4.一般过去时的被动语态

一般过去时的被动语态由“was/were+过去分词”构成。

一When was the car invented?汽车是什么时候发明的?

----l was invented in 1885. 它是在1885年被发明的。

1. -Hey，Molly. You on the phone just now. But you weren't here and the man left a

phone number.

-Oh? I was in the library.

A. wanted

B. are wanted

C. were wanted

D. have wanted

2. There was a big earthquake in Japan, but luckily many people .

A. save

B. saved

C. are saved

D. were saved

1. C 句意:嘿,Molly，刚才有电话找你，但是你不在，那个人留下了一个电话号码。哦? (刚才)我在图书馆。本题考查被动语态的用法。根据句意及just now可知应该用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案为C。

2. D 句意:日本发生了大地震，但幸运的是许多人得救了。本题考查时态和语态。由于前一个分句是一般过去时，所以后一个分句也要用一般过去时;又因为people与save是被动关系,所以此题应用一般过去时的被动语态。故答案选D项。

5.一般将来时的被动语态

一般将来时的被动语态由“shall\will be +过去分词”或“am/ is/ are going to be +过去分词”构成。

A new road will be built next year. 明年要修一条新马路。

That book is going to be made into a movie. 那本书将被改编成电影。

1. More money when we use both sides of paper.

A. will save

B. was saved

C. has saved

D. will be saved

2. The radio says a wild animal zoo is going to _in our city.

A. be built

B. built

C. build

D. be building

1. D 句意:当我们用纸的两面时,将节约更多的钱。本题考查时态和语态。more money 和save之间为被动关系，故用被动语态，排除A、C两项，根据when从句的一般现在时可知主句应该用一般将来时。一般将来时的被动语态构成是:will be +动词的过去分词。故答案为D项。

2.句意:收音机报道说一个野生动物园将在我们市建造。本题考查被动语态。由于z00和build之间存在被动关系，根据题干可知,此题应用一般将来时的被动语态。故答案选A 项。

6.现在进行时的被动语态

现在进行时的被动语态由“am/ is/are being +过去分词”构成。

A new chemistry lab is being built in our school. 我们学校正在修建个新的化学实验室。

In China, big plans are now being made to send up more satellites and even build a space station. 现在中国正在制订一些大计划要发射更多的卫星，甚至要建一个太空站。

7.现在完成时的被动语态

现在完成时的被动语态由“have/has been +过去分词”构成。

Well, he has been trained to understand different instructions.

哦,他已经被训练得能理解不同的指令了。

Millions of trees have been planted in our city this year. 今年我们市种植了数百万棵树。

1. No decision about that matter yet. We are still considering it.

A. has been made

B. has made

C. will be made

D. will make