直接引语变间接引语--祈使句
祈使句-直接引语变间接引语
祈使句的直接引语变间接引语在第一单元中我们学习了述句和疑问句的直接引语变间接引语的用法，本期主要讲解祈使句的直接引语变间接引语的用法。
先看两个句子：1. “Put your coat in the closet,”the landlord said to him.→ The landlord asked him to put his coat in the closet.2. The father said to his children,“Don't move!”→The father to ld his children not to move.从以上两个句子可以看出：例句1是表示“请求”的口气；例句2是表示“命令”的口气。
由此看来，当我们转述祈使句时，通常将原句中的动词变为动词不定式，并在不定式的前面加上ask, order, tell等转述动词，形成三种结构：①表示邀请、请求某人做某事时用ask sb. to do sth.; ②表示叫、吩咐某人做某事时用tell sb. to do sth.; ③表示命令某人做某事时用order sb. (not) to do sth.。
例如：①She said to us, “Please have a rest.” →She asked us to have a rest.②The old man said, “Don't smoke in the hall.”→The old man told me not to smoke in the hall.③The officer said, “Go away.” →The officer ordered us to go away.注意：当祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语时，因为祈使句表示“请求”、“命令”等口气，所以祈使句直接引语变为间接引语时不存在时态的变化。
但是人称、指示代词、时间、地点状语等的变化还应根据述句直接引语变间接引语的方法进行相应的改变。
直接引语变间接引语的规则
直接引语变间接引语的规则在语言表达中，引用别人的言论或者文字是很常见的事情，在引用他人的言语时，我们要规范使用直接引语和间接引语，这样才能够表达用语的意义更加清楚，本文就来讨论一下，直接引语变间接引语的规则。
首先，要知道直接引语和间接引语的区别是什么，直接引语指的是引用原话，使用双引号括起来；间接引语指的是将原话改写成自己的话，间接引用没有使用双引号。
比如，“我要过一个美好的生活”这句话，用直接引语表达就是“He saidI want to have a wonderful life.’”，而使用间接引语表达就是“He said that he wanted to have a wonderful life.”不同的语言，直接引语变间接引语的规则也是不一样的，比如英语中，如果原句是一般现在时，转换成间接引语时，要将时态由一般现在时转换成一般过去时，比如“I like reading books”，转换成间接引语时就变成了“He said that he liked reading books.”比如，如果原句是一般将来时，那么转换成间接引语时也要将时态转换成一般过去时，比如“I will go to school tomorrow”，转换成间接引语时就变成了“He said that he would go to school the next day.”除了时态，还有一些情况下需要将直接引语转换成间接引语时，要对某些词进行调整，比如可数名词复数变单数，单数变复数，比如“They are busy”，转换成间接引语时就变成了“He said that theywere busy.”另外，通常情况下，被引用的话如果是祈使句，转换成间接引语时，要将其转换成虚拟语气，比如“Come here”，转换成间接引语时就变成了“He said that he should come there.”另外，有时候，转换成间接引语时，要改变被引用的话的语气，比如原句“I don know”，转换成间接引语时就变成了“He said that he didn know.”，在这里，不确定的句子变成了否定句子。
直接引语变间接引语方法
直接引语变间接引语方法（讲解与练习）一概述1 当直接引语为陈述句，变为间接引语时，从句中人称、时态、指示代词、时间、地点（状语）等都要发生变化。
2 当直接引语为疑问句，变为间接引语时，从句中人称、时态、指示代词、时间、地点、语序等都要发生变化。
二引导词1 直接引语为陈述句用that引导（可省略）。
2 直接引语为一般疑问句用if/whether引导。
3 直接引语为特殊疑问句用疑问词引导（切记：后用陈述语序）。
4 直接引语为祈使句（命令句）用to do 。
三时态1 直接引语为一般现在时，间接引语根据需要选用时态。
2 直接引语为一般过去时，间接引语变化如下：一般现在时→一般过去时一般将来时→过去将来时现在进行时→过去进行时一般过去式→过去完成时现在完成时→过去完成时过去完成时→过去完成时3 直接引语为客观真理，变间接引语时，时态不变。
四常见变化1 say→tell/ask（针对直接引语首/主句）2 this →that these→ those3 last week→ the week beforenext week →the next weeknow →thentoday →that dayyesterday →the day beforetomorrow →the next daya day ago →a day before4 here →there5 come →go引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。
例如：John said, "I'm going to London with my father."约翰说："我要和父亲到伦敦去。
"（引号内是直接引语）John said that he was going to London with his father.约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。
直接引语变间接引语
直接引语变间接引语在转达别人的话时，可以用两种办法：一种是把别人的话原封不动地加以引用，被引用部分就称为直接引语；另一种是用自己的话转述别人的话称为间接引语。
如：He said: “I’m busy with my work.” （直接引语）He said that he was busy with his work. （间接引语）直接引语变为间接引语时要记住“三连”、“三变”。
一、“三连”：1. 如果直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，间接引语的开头用连词that 来引导，但口语中常可省略。
“I don’t want anything,” the boy said.The boy said(that)he didn’t want anything.2. 如果直接引语是一般疑问句，间接引语的开头用连词if(whether) 来引导，并把疑问语序变为陈述语序。
如直接引语是特殊疑问句，仍用原来的特殊疑问词来引导间接引语。
H e asked me “Do you want to go?”He asked me if(whether) I wanted to go.“Which book do you want?” she asked me.She asked me which book I wanted.3. 直接引语是祈使句，用不定式符号to连接间接引语。
如直接引语是否定祈使句，则用not to 连接。
M other said to me, “Come back before 10:00.”Mother told me to come back before 10:00.The teacher said to us, “Don’t be late for the meeting.”The teacher told us not to be late for the meeting.二、“三变”：1.人称代词变化：直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换第三人称；第二人称一般转换为第一人称；第三人称保持不变。
直接引语变间接引语（带练习和答案）
直接引语变间接引语（带练习和答案）直接引语和间接引语直接引语就是直接引⽤别⼈的话。
间接引语就是⽤⾃⼰的话转述别⼈的话。
间接引语多为宾语从句。
1. 直接引语变间接引语的⽅法(1) 直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。
(that可省略)She said, “Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”→She said (that) their bus would arrive in five minutes.(2) 直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或⼀般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。
(宾语从句必须⽤陈述句语序）He said, “Can you swim, John”→ He asked John if he could swim.“You have finished the homework, haven’t you” my mother asked.→ My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.He asked, “Do you go to school by bus or by bike”→ He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.She says, “Is Tom an Englishman”→ She asks whether/if Tom is an Englishman.注：主句引述动词是say时，要改为ask或wonder等。
(3) 直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，间接引语应该改为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。
（宾语从句必须⽤陈述句语序）She asked me, “When do they have their dinner”→ She asked me when they had their dinner.(4) 直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“tell/ask/order sb.(not) to do sth.”句型。
直接引语变间接引语的用法
直接引语变间接引语的用法由直接引语变为间接引语，分以下情况：1、直接引语是陈述句时间接引语为that引导的宾语从句（口语中that可以省略），主句的引述动词主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain, think等。
He said, "You are younger than I.” He said (that) I was younger than him.2、直接引语是疑问句时间接引语为陈述语序：主句的谓语动词say 改为ask,或改为wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。
（1）一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句。
She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers?"→She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.She asked me, "You have seen the film, haven’t you?"→She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film.（2）选择疑问句变为whether….or 宾语从句。
I asked him, "Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?"→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.(3)特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。
He asked, "Where do you live?" →He asked me where I lived.3、直接引语是祈使句时间接引语为不定式，作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等动词的宾语补足语（don’t 变为not ）.The teacher said to the boy, "Open the window." →The teacher told the boy to open the window. His father said to him, “Don’t leave the door open.” →His father told him not to leave the door open.[注意]（1）有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句，可以用suggest ,insist等动词加以转述。
直接引语变间接引语的方法技巧
直接引语变间接引语的方法技巧时间：2010-02-22 作者：佚名来源：网络资源一祈使句方法是：使用ask [tell, order] sb to do sth这一结构进行转换，若祈使句为否定式，则用ask [tell, order] sb not to do sth，其中ask, tell, order的选择视句子的语气而定。
如：“Come early tomorrow, Jim.” he said. 他说。
如：“吉姆，明天早点来。
”→He told Jim to come early the next day. 他叫吉姆第二天早点来。
“Don’t be late again, Mary.” he said. 他说。
如：“玛丽，不要再迟到了。
”→He told Mary not to be late again. 他叫玛丽不要再迟到了。
注意：(1)除动词ask, tell, order外，有时也可能用其他动词。
如：“Don’t go out at night, Jim.” he said. 他说。
如：“吉姆，晚上别出去。
”→He warned Jim not to go out at night. 他警告吉姆晚上不要出去。
(2)若祈使句中没有呼语，应根据句意给动词ask, tell, order等补上适当的宾语。
如：“Watch carefully.” he said. 他说。
如：“仔细看着。
”→He tol d us to watch carefully. 他叫我们仔细看着。
二陈述句将直接引语变为由that引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后(that也可省略)。
如：“I don’t love her.” he says. 他说。
如：“我不爱她。
”→He says that he doesn’t love her. 他说他不爱她。
注意：(1)若引述动词用的是say to sb，则通常改为tell sb。
直接引语变间接引语常用的三种情况
直接引语变间接引语常用的三种情况1、陈述句变成间接引语（1）“I am a teacher” she said。
She said that she was a teacher.“You don’t tell her my telephone number” he said。
He said （that）I didn't tell her his telephone number。
要注意时态的变化一般现在时变成一般过去时。
一般过去时变成过去完成时,现在完成时变成过去完成时，一般将来时变成过去将来时，this 变成that these变成those，here 变成there ，today 变成that day, yesterday 变成the day before，tomorrow 变成next day, the day after tomorrow变成in two days’ time,now 变成then等等.2、将一般疑问句变成间接引语在这样的句子中要加“if” “是否"的意思.（1)”Are you a student？"She asked me if I was a student。
她问我是否是一位学生。
将原来的疑问句放在if 后面，但语顺变成肯定式的语顺. 另外还可以用whether 来表示。
She asked me whether I was a student.(2) "Did you finish your work yesterday?”He asked me if I have finished my work the day before.3.将特殊疑问句变成间接引语”What time is it?”He asked me what time it was。
"When will you go to town?”He asked me when would I go to town。
英语语法大攻克--直接引语改间接引语之祈使句
直接引语改为间接引语（直接引语为祈使句）注意：1、通常直接引语里含有please表示请求：ask sb (not) to do sth 例如: He said to me, ‘Shut the window, please.’→He asked me to shut the window.2、直接引语里不含please表示命令：tell sb (not) to do sth例如：The teacher said to the students,‘Stop talking!’→The teacher told the students to stop talking.练习：把下列直接引语改为间接引语1.The doctor said to me, ‘d on’t drink too much.’The doctor _____me _______________too much.2.Mother said to him, ‘d on’t cry!’→Mother ________________________ .3.The doctor said to me, ‘d on’t smoke.’The doctor _____________ __________ .4.Jim said to him, ‘s tart at once.’Jim _______ him ______________ at once.5.Mother said to me, ‘d on’t tell a lie.’Mother _________________________________ a lie.6.I said to him yesterday, ‘p lease come early.’Yesterday I _______ him to come early ___________.7.‘Yongxian , could you open the window, please?’ Deming said to Yongxian.Deming ______Yongxian ___________________________ the window.8.The teacher said to the boy, ‘call the police right now.’The teacher _____ _____________________ .9. His father said to him , ‘don't leave the alone at home .’His father____________________________ .10. John said to the others, ‘keep quiet’John the others .。
直接引语变间接引语的五种方法
Chaper5直接引语变间接引语学案班级________ 姓名________1. 直接引语为陈述句时如何变为间接引语方法是：将直接引语变为由that引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后(that也可省略)：“I don’t love her.” he says. 他说：“我不爱她。
”→He says that he doesn’t love her. 他说他不爱她。
【注意】(1)若引述动词用的是say to sb，则通常改为tell sb：“It’s a secret.” he said to me. 他对我说：“这是秘密。
”→He told me that it was a secret. 他对我说那是秘密。
2. 直接引语为一般疑问句时如何变为间接引语方法是：将直接引语变为由if或whether引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后：“Are you ill?” he asked. 他问：“你病了吗？”→He asked if [whether] I was ill. 他问我是否病了。
【注意】(1)改为宾语从句的间接引语要用陈述句词序。
(2)若直接引语引述动词为say，改成间接引语应将其改为ask等。
3. 直接引语为特殊疑问句时如何变为间接引语方法是：将直接引语变为由“疑问词”引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后：He asked, “When did she leave?” 他问：“她什么时候离开的？”→He asked when she had left. 他问她什么时候离开的。
【注意】(1)改为宾语从句的间接引语要用陈述句词序。
(2)若直接引语引述动词为say，改成间接引语应将其改为ask等。
4. 直接引语为祈使句时如何变为间接引语方法是：使用ask [tell, order] sb to do sth这一结构进行转换，若祈使句为否定式，则用ask [tell, order] sb not to do sth，其中ask, tell, order的选择视句子的语气而定：“Come early tomorrow, Jim.” he said. 他说：“吉姆，明天早点来。
祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语导学案
祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语讲与练一、祈使句的直接引语变间接引语通常采用tell/ask sb (not)to do 结构。
tell sb（not ）to do sth”翻译为叫某人做某事”用于表示命令祈使“ask sb (not) to do sth”翻译为“请某人做某事”，用于表示请求语气的祈使句。
1.Mother said to me , “Come back before 10:00.”Mother told me to go back before 10:00.2.The hostess said to us , “Please sit down.”The hostess asked us to sit down.3. He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”He told the boys not to make so much noise.4, He said, “Please don’t talk about it any more, Jim.”He asked Jim not to talk about it any more.注意: 表示“请求一般疑问句，变为祈使句可以有两种结构。
1.“ Would you like to see my flat ?” she asked.She asked me whether I would like to see her flat or She asked me to see her flat.2.The secretary said to the woman on the phone: “Could you hold on for a minute.”________________________________or___________________________________ 二、祈使句的直接引语变间接引语根据具体语境还可以用其它引述动词，如order, warn, remind, advise，offer, suggest 等。
祈使句的直接引语变间接引语讲解
祈使句的直接引语变间接引语是重要语法点, 现作一小结。
当直接引语的句子是祈使句时, 间接引语常用动词不定式表示; 如果祈使句为否定式, 变为间接引语时, 则将原句变为动词不定式的否定式。
间接引语的动词应根据句子的意思和说话者的口气作相应的改变, 一般将原句的say酌情改为ask, beg, tell, order, demand等动词, 并在动词的后面加相应的人称作宾语。
为使间接引语的语气和意义更贴近原句, 可按下列情况酌情选用不同的谓语动词。
1. 一般情况将原句的动词say改为tell。
例如:①He said, “Hurry up!"→He told me to hurry up.他告诉我快一点。
②She said, “Don't put your bag here, Mary."→She told Mary not to put her bag there.她告诉玛丽不要把袋子放在那里。
③He said, “Never eat too much."→He told ／warned us never to eat too much.他告诉我们永远不要吃得太多。
④The teacher said, “Don't be late again, Mary."→The teacher told Mary not to be late again.老师告诉玛丽不要再迟到了。
2. 有的祈使句含有please一词, 以表示婉转的语气, 将这类祈使句变为间接引语, 通常将原句的say改为ask或beg。
值得注意的是, please一词在改为间接引语时去掉。
例如:①Tom said to Alice, “Come here tomorrow, please."→Tom asked Alice to go there the next day.汤姆要求艾丽斯第二天去那里。
直接引语变间接引语口诀
直接引语变间接引语口诀一、当直接引语为陈述句，变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：去掉引号加that，人称变化要灵活，时态向后退一步，状语变化按规则。
She said，“My brother doesn't want to go there.”→She said that her brother didn't want to go there.二、当直接引语为一般疑问句，变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：去掉引号加if，陈述语序要记住，时态人称和状语，小心变化别马虎。
I asked her，“Do you study English here?”→I asked her if she studied English there.三、当直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：直接去引号，陈述莫忘掉，小心助动词，丢它最重要。
“What do you want?”he asked me. →He asked me what I wanted.四、当直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：去掉引号要加to, ask，tell须记住，直引若是否定式，not加在to前部。
The teacher said to her mother，“Please give me the book.” →The teacher told her mother to give her the book.五、对于人称变化，要求学生们记住的“顺口溜”是：第一人称看主语，第二人称看宾语，宾语若是不存在，活用代词I，my，me。
He said to her，“Are you interested in English?”→He a sked her if she was interested in English.The teacher said，“Where have you been?”→The teacher asked me(us) where I(we) had been.六、时态对应表：直接引语时态间接引语时态一般现在时→ 一般过去时一般将来时→ 过去将来时现在进行时→ 过去进行时一般过去时→ 过去完成时现在完成时→ 过去完成时（过去完成时时态不变）情态动词也要变成相应的过去式：can could; may might; must must/had to一般疑问句whether/if 引导的宾语从句“Is this your umbrella, Mary?” asked John.John asked Mary if that was her umbrella.特殊疑问句wh-词引导的宾语从句“Mary, when will you return John asked Mary when she wouldme the book?” asked John return him the book主句动词为一般现在时或现在完成时从句动词时态不变She often says, “All men and women She often says that all men and womenar e equal under the law.”are equal under the law.主句动词为一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时“I know it,” he said.He said that he knew it现在进行时过去进行时“I’m making coffee for you all,” she said.She said she was making coffee for us all.现在完成时过去完成时“I have seen her before,” said he. He said he had seen her before.一般过去时过去完成时“I saw her last Monday,” he said.He said he had seen her the previous Monday过去完成时过去完成时“ Do you know Rick had been ill in bed.Jack asked if I knew Rick had been ill in bedfor many days till he died?” Jack asked for many days till he died一般将来时过去将来时He said: “We shall start tomorrow He said they would start the next day由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变:1. 不变的真理The teacher said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃.”→ The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃.2. 经常的习惯：He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.”→ He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.3. 历史事件：The teacher said, “World War Ⅱended in 1945.”→ The teacher said that World War Ⅱ ended in 1945.4. 部分情态动词,如must, ought to, used to, had better等：She said to me: “You must hurry up.”→ She said that I must hurry up.练习题;1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.”Jack told me that ___ worried ___.A. he looks…todayB. you look…todayC. we looked…that dayD. I looked…that day2. We said to her, “They’re walking through the street now.”We told her that ___ through the street ___.A. we were walking…thenB. you are walking…nowC .they were walking…then D. they walking…now3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.”Mr Black said that __ a long way __.A. I had walked…last wee kB. he had walked…that weekC. I walked…last weekD. he has walked…this week4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.”The man thought that __ take it back ____.A. I shall…tomorrowB. I shall…the next dayC. he should…tomo rrowD. he wo uld …the next day5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ?”They asked us ____ afraid to leave _____ house.A. that were we…thisB. that we were…thatC. if were we …thisD. if we were…that6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?”Jane asked ____ about _____.A. that he heard…a week ag oB. what he had heard…the week beforeC. what he had herd… a week agoD. if he heard…the week ago7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ?”She asked whose house ____ break into __A. will he…next timeB. would he…the next timeC. he would…the next timeD. he will…next time8. Jack said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays?”Jack asked her where ____ holidays.A. she spent herB. you spend yourC. she spend herD. you spent your9. Black asked me, “ Why haven’t you left here yet?”Black asked me why ____ yet.A. I hadn’t left thereB. I haven’t left hereC. hadn’t I left thereD. haven’t I lef t here10. The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the east ?”The teacher asked her ___ the sun ___ in the east.A. if…riseB. if…risesC. whether…roseD. whether did …rise。
(完整word版)直接引语和间接引语转换
语法直接引语变成间接引语时,要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
1。
直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语时，由连词that 引导。
例如:She said, ”I am very happy to help you。
"→ She said that she was very happy to help you.2. 直接引语是一般/选择疑问句,变成间接引语时,由连词whether或if 引导。
例如： He asked me, ”Do you like playing football？"→ He asked me if/whether I liked playing football.注意：大多数情况下，if和whether 可以互换，但后有or not,或在动词不定式前，或放在介词后作连接词时，一般只用whether。
例如: She asked me whether he could do it or not。
3。
直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的疑问词who， whom， whose, how， when, why， where 等引导。
例如：My sister asked me, "How do you like the film?”→ My sister asked me how I liked the film.4。
直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语时,把动词原形变成动词不定式,并在动词不定式前加tell, ask, order 等的宾语。
例如： The captain ordered, ”Be quiet.”→ The captain ordered us to be quiet。
注意:此种情况的否定句，在动词不定式前加not。
My teacher asked me，”Don’t laugh.”→ My teacher asked me not to laugh.5. 一些注意事项（1）间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序.例如： He asked Lucy，”Where did you go?”→ He asked Lucy where she went。
经典直接引语变间接引语
讲解注意点
直接引语变间接引语要注意以下 变化。
• 连接词 • 语序 • 时态 • 指代(人称、指示代词、时间状
语和地点状语)
注意连接词的变化
1.直接引语为陈述句，用that做连接词。 • He said, “Jim likes it very much.” • → He said that he liked it very much. 2.直接引语为一般疑问句，用if或wether做连接词。
you for a long time.” →Mr Smith said to his girl friend that he had not seen her for a long time.
直接引语改变为间接引语
2、直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,需用从 属连接词whether或if引导,词序要改变。 Lily said to Miss Green, "Is it made in China?”
• →He asked his little sister not to cry any more.
What did Garfield say?
I’m lazy. He said he was lazy.
I’m hard-working sometimes. He said he was hard-working sometimes. I’m good at riding motorbikes. He said he was good at riding motorbikes. I’m better at dancing than singing.
He said he was better at dancing than singing.
直引变间引
直接引语就是直接引用别人的话，并把它放在引号内；间接引语就是用自己的话转述别人的话，不加引号。
直接引语变成间接引语时，间接引语通常以宾语从句的形式出现。
直接引语变成间接引语时还要注意人称的变化、时态的变化、指示代词的变化、时间状语的变化及地点状语的变化。
1. 直接引语是陈述句变为间接引语的方法如果直接引语是陈述句，在变为间接引语时，由连词that引导（在口语中that常省略）。
主句中如果有say to somebody （对某人说），通常变为tell somebody （告诉某人）。
◆ He said, “I get on well with people here.”→He said that he got on well with people there.◆ Susan said, “We can finish the work tomorrow.”→Susan said that they could finish the work the next day.◆ John said to me, “I told her all about it three days ago.”→John told me that he had told her all about it three days before.【提醒注意】如果直接引语是两个并列的陈述句，变为间接引语时，第一个宾语从句前的that有时可省略，但第二个宾语从句前的that不可省略。
◆He said, “I like swimming and I want to go swimming with you.”→He said (that) he liked swimming and that he wa nted to go swimming with us.2. 直接引语是一般疑问句变为间接引语的方法直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，要用连词whether 或if 引导，同时把原来的疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。
直接引语变间接引语详解
直接引语变间接引语详解引语的概念直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语。
用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫间接引语。
直接引语通常都用引号“ ”括起来，间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句。
The boy said ,” I’m reading a book.”Direct speech 直接引语The boy said (that) he was reading a book.Reported speech 间接引语.直接引语变间接引语可分为三大类：1）直接引语为陈述句2）直接引语为疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句）3）直接引语为祈使句直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用连词that引导宾语从句.从句中的人称、时、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等相应变化.3、略） 一般现在时一般过去时He said, “ I can do well in English.”→ He said that he coulddo well in English. 现在进行时过去进行时He said, “I'm writing a letter.”→ He said that he was writing a letter. 一般将来时过去将来时Tom said to me “I will call you tomorrow”Tom told me that he would call me the next day.注： He says, “I’m not good at math. ” He says that he is not good at math.(1)如果在当天转述today,yesterday, tomorrow 等时间状语也不必改变。
(2)如果在当地转述，here 不必改为there ，动词come 不必改为go. (3)当转述客观真理时，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变。
如： He said , “The moon moves around the earth. He said that the moon moves around the earth.(4)为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时，也经常用一般现在时。
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转述祈使句为间接引语时， 通常将原句中的动词 动词变为动词不定式 动词不定式， 动词 动词不定式 并在不定式前加上ask, order, tell等引述动词，
如果是否定形式，则在不定式前加not。
有三种常用结构：
1. 表示邀请、请求某人（不）做某事时用ask sb. (not) to do sth. She said to us, “Please have a rest.” → She asked us to have a rest. 2. 表示叫、吩咐某人（不）做某事时用tell sb. (not) to do sth. The doctor said to him, “Don’t drink too much.” → The doctor told him not to drink too much. 3. 表示命令某人（不）做某事时用order sb. (not) to do sth.。 The policeman said to him, “Go away.” → The policeman ordered him to go away.
Let’s do some exercises
Change the requests and the commands into Indirect Speeches
1.“Shut up,”she said to him. She told him to shut up. 2. “Speak louder, please,” he said to her. “Can you speak louder?” he asked her. He asked her to speak louder. 3. “Try the lift,” she said to her. She told her to try the lift. 4. “Don’t wait for me,” he said to them. He told them not to wait for him. 5. “Stop wasting the time,” she said to him. She told him to stop wasting the time. 6.“Can you tell me a story?” the girl asked her father. The girl asked her father to tell her a story.
人称变化： One of the doctors said, “Let me go on with the operation, Dr. Bethune.” → One of the doctors asked Dr. Bethune to let him go on with the operation.
“Follow his instructions,’ she said to me. She told me to follow his instructions. “Please could you come to the reception desk?” she asked him. She asked him to go to the reception desk. She asked him if he could go to the reception desk. “Change your dirty uniform!” he said to the clerk. He ordered/told the clerk to e his dirty uniform
时间和动词变化： “Come to school on time tomorrow, Tom,” Jack said. →Jack told Tom to go to school on time the next day.
指示代词变化： “Robert! Don’t do it this evening,” said Jane. →Jane asked Robert not to do it that evening. 地点状语变化： “Don’t make much noise here, boys,” said the teacher. →The teacher told boys not to make much noise there.
“Can you lend me five yuan?” he asked me. He asked me to lend himfive yuan. He asked me if I could lend him five yuan The English teacher said to us, “Don’t speak Chinese, speak English.” The English teacher told us not to speak Chinese but to speak English. She said to him, “ Don’t play a trick on me again.” She told him not to play a trick on her again.
直接引语和间接引语
祈使句
看两个例句，分别表示“命令”和“请求”的口 气。
1. “Don’t smoke in the room,” he said. 改间接引语为：He told me not to smoke in the room. 2. “Could you help me with my homework?” she said. 可改为：She asked me to help her with her homework.
祈使句变间接引语时，以下几点要注意： 祈使句变间接引语时，以下几点要注意： 1. 祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语时，因表“请求”、 “命令”等语气，故不存在时态的变化。 “Go and wash your face, Tom,” Mother said. →Mother told Tom to go and wash his face. 2. 祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语时，仍有人称、指示代 词、时间、动词和地点状语等的变化。变化的方法与陈述 句直接引语变间接引语所做的相应改变相同。