浅析化工专业词汇

浅析化工专业词汇
化工英语涉及生活的诸多领域，其种类繁杂，知识深奥，词汇生僻，结构庞杂，难以理解。

了解化工英语的特点显得尤为重要。

本文从词，句子，篇章简要总结了化工英语词汇的特点
标签：化工科技英语；特点
Abstract：Chemistry English discourses，which cover wide subject area，are difficult to understand due to the fact that the words are complex. To learn the characteristics of chemical English，which is introduced by the example of explosive in the thesis from the words，is necessary.
Key words：chemical English ，words formulation
當前高等职业教育培养人才的目标是应用型人才，已经迫切的摆到日程上来，根据“学科要为专业服务的要求”以及我院的特点，英语学科自然更多的涉及化工专业的内容，如何使学生学以至用，如何教授高职类化工专业的学生，不仅使学生掌握语言知识，而且也让学生感受到语言为专业服务的魅力，笔者认为总结化工英语的独到之处至关重要。

1. word formation
diatomic—di +atom+ic；digi -tech—digital + technology，H-hydrogen，N-nitrogen，O-oxygen；Kr-krypton，K-potassium，Rb-rubidium，Cs –cesium，Be-beryllium，Mg-magnesium，Mn-manganese，Cl-chlorine and Cr-chromium；Pt-plaitimum，Hg-mercury.
2.从上下午猜测词汇
A word could have a different meaning to different people with differing backgrounds of knowledge and experience. As for readers，using inference from the dynamic context is critical.
Restatement：A restatement is merely stating the word in another way，usually in simpler terms. A restatement is usually set off by commas.
Synonyms：The old man was cantankerous. He was ill-tempered，mean and extremely quarrelsome
.A synonym is one of two or more words that have the same or similar meaning.
Antonyms：The sea lion is a cumbersome animal on land，but in the water it is
one of the most graceful.
Definitions：A disease that can be spread from one person to another is said to be contagious.
Explanation：As an aid to the reader，difficult words are sometimes explained to make the meaning clearer.
Relationships：Here you must identify a relationship between the difficult word and something the author has stated with little explanation and few clues.
3. 隐喻意思的发展
Language is rich in metaphors. Biologists use enzymes to decompose DNA chain into parts in testing gene，thus making it convenient for analyses. When asked to explain the decomposition，they metaphorize it as a “shotgun blast design”. On this foundation，they find that DNA determines the idiosyncratic process of cells in biological generation. They also explain skillfully and exactly various concepts and manifestation of this action with the aid of metaphors “message”，genetic “code”，DNA molecule “transmit information” to other articles of cells，thus “translate” the features of a special organism，the relationship between cells is a mother-daughter relationship.4. One words with many different meanings
Battery：电池还是殴打；prime：主要的还是注水；stage apartment：舞台还是摆放家具；charter a boat：是宪章还是租一条船，等等。

5. idioms俚语
HIV gains the upper hand，dismantling the T-cell system and leaving the body defenseless against the opportunistic infections that characterize AIDS. We can find informa l idiomatic expressions such as “gains the upper hand”. Considering Christianity as their beliefs，many characters and events of the Bible make up a large part of English words with unique connotations，
6. 主干詞汇
The content words whose function is as the framework in the article named the third word，which is useful to help readers to recognize passages quickly. For example：achieve，addition，attribute，Some special discourse structure：question—solving，the third words are：
question：concern，difficulty，dilemma，drawback，hamper，hinder （hindrance）
reaction：change，combat（v），come up with，measure，respond，response etc.
end：answer，consequence，effect，outcome，result，solution，（re）solve etc.
evaluate：（in）effect，manage，overcome，succeed，（un）successful，viable etc.
V ocabulary is long been regarded as a big problem to unsuccessful readers. Only through wide and efficient reading can students enlarge their vocabulary and master the rules.
参考文献：
[1] Gibbs，R.W.，& Gerrig，R.J How context makes metaphor comprehension seem “special”，Metaphor and Symbolic Activity. （1989）.
[2] Dunnett，S.C.，F. Dubin，and A. Lezberg.. “English language Teaching from an Intercultural Perspective.” J.M. Valdes（ed.），Culture Bound：bridging the Cultural Gap in Language Teaching，pp.148-161.Cambridge：Cambridge University Press. （1986）.。