中级写作精讲 ppt课件

B) As a claim of fact concerns the factual status of an issue, to justify it requires one to demonstrate how true it is in reality
A claim of fact can only be supported by factual evidence
B) Not intend to assert whether something has existed, exists, or will exist, but used to make judgments
C) To express one’s attitude towards something by approving or disapproving according to some standard or value system
3) It is not objective/ impartial, but subjectively asserted by the author, based on his/her specific knowledge structure, value system, etc.
4) A claim in argumentation is meant to be presented for “public acceptance” - any claim that clashes with the basic interests and principles of the targeted public is most likely to be rejected (based on the public good)
a claim of fact
a claim of value
a claim of policy
1). A claim of fact
A) It refers to the type of claim an author makes about a certain fact; in other words, it is a statement about the status or conditions of a fact.
5) It requires supportive evidence to show to the audience/readers that it is well-founded and trustworthy.
Types of claims [see p. 26-]
Claims in argumentation are usually classified into three types, each with a different question to address:
a) direct factual evidence (statistics, hard proof, etc.)
b) indirect factual evidence (authority, inferences based on known facts)
C) A claim of fact should not be confused with the fact itself.
• 你所经历的课堂，是讲座式还是讨论式？ • 教师的教鞭
• “不怕太阳晒，也不怕那风雨狂，只怕先生骂我 笨，没有学问无颜见爹娘 ……”
• “太阳当空照，花儿对我笑，小鸟说早早早……”
中级写作精讲Hale Waihona Puke Baidu
To learn
1) how to support you claim in an argumentative essay 2) the use of language (conciseness)
Cont中emp级ora写ry 作Col精leg讲e English
Intermediate Writing, Book Two
Unit Three: Pop Icons and Heroes
精品资料
• 你怎么称呼老师？
• 如果老师最后没有总结一节课的重点的难点，你 是否会认为老师的教学方法需要改进？
a) a claim of fact is a mental interpretation of a certain reality; a report or a description about a fact, usually based on the author’s belief, outlook, way of perception, knowledge structure, etc.
中级写作精讲
1) It is the point of view the author tries to prove about the issue, that is, the author’s view on the issue (the thesis statement)
2) A claim is basically composed of two parts: the first part is the issue under the discussion and the second part is the comment or the judgment on the issue.
b) the author actually gives the fact a strong subjective coloring.
2) A claim of value - It is different from a claim of fact
A) Not a statement about the truthfulness of facts
中级写作精讲
1. Essential elements of argumentation
1) The issue 2) The claim 3) The support
types of support – reasons, evidence, emotional appeal) 4) Refutation