动词的各种形式变化
英语形式变化规则
在英语中,名词、动词和形容词等单词的形式会发生变化,以适应不同的语法需求。
以下是一些常见的形式变化规则:
1. 名词的变化:
-单数变复数:通常在名词末尾加上-s或-es。
例子:book(书)→books(书籍)
-复数变单数:通常去掉复数形式的-s或-es。
例子:desks(桌子)→desk(桌子)
2. 动词的变化:
-一般现在时的第三人称单数:通常在动词末尾加上-s或-es。
例子:go(去)→goes(去)
-现在分词:通常在动词原形后加上-ing。
例子:play(玩)→playing(玩)
-过去式:常见的过去式形式有两种,一种是直接在动词原形末尾加上-ed,另一种是根据变化规则进行变化。
例子:walk(走)→walked(走过);eat(吃)→ate(吃过)
3. 形容词的变化:
-比较级:通常在形容词前加上more或者加上-er。
例子:happy(快乐)→happier(更快乐);beautiful(美丽)→more beautiful(更美丽)
-最高级:通常在形容词前加上most或者加上-est。
例子:happy(快乐)→happiest(最快乐);beautiful(美丽)→most beautiful(最美丽)
需要注意的是,英语中还存在一些不规则变化的单词,它们的形式变化与上述规则不同。
因此,在学习英语时,除了掌握常见的形式变化规则,还需要特别关注不规则变化的单词。
动词的各种形式变化规则
三、用一般现在时填空. What _____ he _____ <have>? He ______ <have> a toy plane. My mother ________ not________ <like> English. She _______ <like> Chinese. ______ you ______ <go > to school by bus? No, I _____ <go> to school by car. Miss Wang ______ <swim > every day. I ___<like> English . Tom ____ ______ _____<not like > English. The moon ______ <go> around the earth. When_____ you ______ <go > to school? I _____ <go> to school at five every day.
give-gave-given shake-shook-shaken fall-fell-fallen see-saw-seen take-took-taken rise-rose-risen <音变>
drive-drove-driven rewrite-rewrote-rewritten write-wrote-written <音变>
不规则动词过去式和过去分词分类记忆法
1.bring-brought-brought 2. buy-bought-bought 3. fight-fought-fought 4. think-thought-thought 2. burn-burnt-burnt mean-meant-meant dream-dreamed/dreamt-dreamed/dreamt learn-learned/learnt-learned/learnt smell-smelled/smelt-smelled/smelt
动词的三单形式、现在分词、过去式、过去分词的变化规律
xx形式现在分词过去式主语是第三人称单数形式时,动词的变化1.一般在词尾加-s get、make、cook、need2.以o、s、x、sh、ch结尾的动词,在词尾加-es go、do、miss、pass、teach、watch、catch、match、touch、wash、fish、finish、smash、box、relax、mix、fax3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,把y改i再加es fly、fry、try、cry、dry、carry、study、worry、embody体现具体表达、justify证明、empty、4.以“元音字母+y”结尾的动词,直接加s play、stay、buy、pray、pay、say、lay下蛋5.不规则变化have-has、动词的ing形式构成法1.一般在词尾加-ing do、meet、watch、wash、read2.以(不发音的)e结尾的词,去e加-ing close、dance、live、like、love、bore、phone、ride、move、hope、decide、write3.以重读闭音节结尾的动词,呈现“辅+元+辅”结构需双写最后一个字母再加-ing 1、一个m、两个d、两个g(swim / nod , rid / dig, beg)2、三个n,四个p、11个t(run,win,begin)(dip,drop,mop,stop)(sit,hit,fit,set,get,let,put,cut,regret,forget,pat)4.以ie结尾的动词,把ie改为y再加-ing lie-lying、die-dying动词的过去式的构成法1.一般在词尾加-ed watch、wash、open、play2.以(不发音的)e结尾的词,在词后直接加-d close、dance、live、like、love、bore、phone、ride、move、hope、decide、write3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,把y改i再加ed fly、fry、try、cry、dry、carry、study、worry、embody、justify、empty、4.以重读闭音节结尾的动词,呈现“辅+元+辅”结构需双写最后一个字母再加-ed shop、stop、plan、trip、beg、hop、skip、drag、drop、dot、drip、fret、5.不规则变化规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音:1. 在清辅音后读作[t]。
英语动词形式的变化口诀
英语动词形式的变化口诀:
英语动词形式的变化口诀:
动词根本是原形,变化形式有四种: 原形词尾加“s”,现在第三单人称; 过去原形加“ed”,过去分词也相同; 原形加上“ing”,现在分词或动名。 原形词尾加“s”,如同名词复数式。
英语动词形式的变化口诀:
若加“ed/ing”,以下情况要注意: 词尾有e只加d,ing去无声e; 词尾ie变成y,然后再加ing; 辅音之后y结尾,y要变i加ed; 现在分词不变y,直接加上ing ;
英语动词形式的变化口诀:
词尾重读闭音节,加缀辅音都双写, r做结尾也一样,重读音节r双写; 结尾字母如是“t”,不是重读也双写。 过去分词过去式,不按规则也有些。
巧记lie和lay
巧记lie和lay 躺lied,lied,dont be a liar; 产蛋 lay,laid,laid,a hen laid an egg; 放置 A loy picked it up,and laid it in the bag.
动词的几种变化形式
动词的几种变化形式一、动词后面加上ing :①、现在进行时:表示某个动作正在发生或进行。
它的构成方式是:be+动词ing〔现在分词〕形式,在动词适当形式填空的时候有时会要求自己加上be动词(is, am , are )。
句子中经常会出现look, listen, now……等具有特征性的词。
现在进行时的句型转换方法:肯定句:主语+be( am, is, are)+动词ing (They are having a lesson.)否定句:be(am, is, are) +not(They are not having a lesson.)一般疑问句:Be调到最前面?注意1、some 2、人称互换(例如:Are they havinga lesson.) 对现在进行时的一般疑问句的回答,它可以用Yes,…或No,…直接作答。
②like(s), go , do , 后面的动词加ing.例如:1. I like playing football, but my father likes playing chess.2.Let’s go swimming .3.She does all the cooking and cleaning .二、动词后面加s/es.一般现在时:表示经常性的事情。
一般现在时中动词后面加s/es必须满足两个条件:1、肯定句2、主语是单数(除了I 和you)特征性的时间状语:often经常, usually通常, always总是,every每个, sometimes 有时,at…在几点钟。
动词的第三单形式变化:1.多数在动词后加s play—plays like—likes2 .以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾的动词加es go—goes wash—washes watch--watches3.以辅音字母加y结尾,把y改i再加es fly—flies study—studies一般现在时的句型转换方法:1、否定句:主语后面+don’t或doesn’t+动原2、一般疑问句:助词开有,然后把句子照抄下来,注意1、动原2、some3、人称互换.对一般疑问句的回答,它可以用Yes,…或No,…直接作答。
动词的五种变化形式
动词的五种变化形式动词是语言中最重要的词类之一,它用来表示动作、状态或存在。
在中文中,动词的变化形式相对简单,通常只有五种,分别是原形、现在式、过去式、进行时和完成时。
下面我们将分别介绍这五种变化形式以及它们的用法。
一、原形动词的原形即为动词的基本形式,它通常是以动词的词干形式出现,不带有任何时态、语态或人称的信息。
例如,动词"学习"的原形就是"学习",动词"跑"的原形就是"跑"。
原形动词可以作为句子的谓语或其他句子成分的补语、定语等。
二、现在式现在式是动词的一种时态形式,用来表示目前正在进行或存在的动作、状态或习惯性的动作。
在中文中,现在式的构成通常是在动词的原形后加上"着"、"在"等词语。
例如,动词"吃"的现在式是"吃着",动词"看"的现在式是"在看"。
现在式动词可以作为句子的谓语或其他句子成分的补语、定语等。
三、过去式过去式是动词的一种时态形式,用来表示已经发生或存在过的动作、状态。
在中文中,过去式的构成通常是在动词的原形后加上"了"、"过"等词语。
例如,动词"吃"的过去式是"吃了",动词"看"的过去式是"看过"。
过去式动词可以作为句子的谓语或其他句子成分的补语、定语等。
四、进行时进行时是动词的一种时态形式,用来表示正在进行的动作或状态。
在中文中,进行时的构成通常是在动词的原形后加上"着"、"在"等词语,并且与时间状语一起使用。
例如,动词"吃"的进行时是"吃着",动词"看"的进行时是"在看"。
动词的四种变化形式
动词的四种变化形式动词的四种变化形式通常指动词的原形、第三人称单数形式、过去式和过去分词。
1. play - plays - played - played 解释:I play football. (原形)He plays football every day. (第三人称单数)We played football yesterday. (过去式)The game has been played many times. (过去分词)2. work - works - worked - worked 解释:They work hard. (原形)She works in a factory. (第三人称单数)I worked late last night. (过去式)The problem has been worked out. (过去分词)3. study - studies - studied - studied 解释:You study English. (原形)He studies very well. (第三人称单数)They studied for the exam. (过去式)The subject has been studied deeply. (过去分词)4. go - goes - went - gone 解释:Let's go. (原形)She goes to school by bus. (第三人称单数)We went to the park last week. (过去式)The book has gone missing. (过去分词)5. do - does - did - done 解释:I do my homework. (原形)He does exercise every morning. (第三人称单数)They did a lot of things yesterday. (过去式)The job has been done. (过去分词)6. have - has - had - had 解释:We have lunch at noon. (原形)She hasa new dress. (第三人称单数)I had a great time last weekend. (过去式)The project has had many difficulties. (过去分词)7. see - sees - saw - seen 解释:I see a bird. (原形)He sees the sign. (第三人称单数)They saw a movie last night. (过去式)The film has been seen by many people. (过去分词)8. come - comes - came - come 解释:Come here. (原形)She comes from China. (第三人称单数)He came to my house yesterday. (过去式)The guests have come. (过去分词)9. eat - eats - ate - eaten 解释:They eat apples. (原形)She eats an egg for breakfast. (第三人称单数)We ate pizza last night. (过去式)The food has been eaten. (过去分词)10. drink - drinks - drank - drunk 解释:I drink water. (原形)He drinks coffee. (第三人称单数)They drank juice at the party. (过去式)The wine has been drunk. (过去分词)11. write - writes - wrote - written 解释:She writes a letter. (原形)He writes stories. (第三人称单数)I wrote a composition yesterday. (过去式)The book has been written. (过去分词)12. run - runs - ran - run 解释:I run fast. (原形)He runs every morning. (第三人称单数)They ran in the race. (过去式)The machine has been run for hours. (过去分词)13. swim - swims - swam - swum 解释:You swim well. (原形)She swims in the pool. (第三人称单数)We swam in the river last summer. (过去式)The pool has been swum in. (过去分词)14. fly - flies - flew - flown 解释:The bird flies high. (原形)He flies a kite.(第三人称单数)They flew to Beijing last month. (过去式)The plane has flown for a long time. (过去分词)15. speak - speaks - spoke - spoken 解释:I speak English. (原形)She speaks French. (第三人称单数)We spoke on the phone last night. (过去式)The language has been spoken. (过去分词)16. tell - tells - told - told 解释:He tells a story. (原形)She tells the truth. (第三人称单数)I told him the news. (过去式)The secret has been told. (过去分词)17. think - thinks - thought - thought 解释:I think you are right. (原形)He thinks carefully. (第三人称单数)They thought about it. (过去式)The problem has been thought over. (过去分词)18. get - gets - got - got 解释:I get up early. (原形)She gets a present. (第三人称单数)We got there at six. (过去式)The work has got done. (过去分词)19. give - gives - gave - given 解释:He gives me a book. (原形)She givesa speech. (第三人称单数)I gave him some money. (过去式)The gift has been given. (过去分词)20. take - takes - took - taken 解释:You take a photo. (原形)He takes a bus to work. (第三人称单数)We took a trip last year. (过去式)The medicine has been taken. (过去分词)21. know - knows - knew - known 解释:I know him. (原形)She knows the answer. (第三人称单数)They knew each other before. (过去式)Thefact has been known. (过去分词)22. keep - keeps - kept - kept 解释:We keep quiet. (原形)He keeps a diary. (第三人称单数)I kept waiting for him. (过去式)The secret has been kept. (过去分词)23. leave - leaves - left - left 解释:She leaves home at seven. (原形)He leaves for work. (第三人称单数)We left the party early. (过去式)The bag has been left. (过去分词)24. lose - loses - lost - lost 解释:I lose my key. (原形)He loses his temper. (第三人称单数)They lost the game. (过去式)The book has been lost. (过去分词)25. find - finds - found - found 解释:I find my pen. (原形)She finds a job. (第三人称单数)We found the way. (过去式)The lost dog has been found. (过去分词)26. make - makes - made - made 解释:He makes a cake. (原形)She makes friends. (第三人称单数)I made a mistake. (过去式)The chair has been made. (过去分词)27. read - reads - read - read 解释:I read a book. (原形)He reads the newspaper. (第三人称单数)We read aloud yesterday. (过去式)The story has been read. (过去分词)28. sell - sells - sold - sold 解释:She sells flowers. (原形)He sells cars. (第三人称单数)They sold the house. (过去式)The goods have been sold. (过去分词)29. buy - buys - bought - bought 解释:I buy a pen. (原形)She buys some fruit. (第三人称单数)We bought a new TV. (过去式)The present has been bought. (过去分词)30. bring - brings - brought - brought 解释:He brings a book. (原形)She brings some flowers. (第三人称单数)I brought my camera. (过去式)The food has been brought. (过去分词)31. teach - teaches - taught - taught 解释:She teaches English. (原形)He teaches math. (第三人称单数)They taught us last year. (过去式)The lesson has been taught. (过去分词)32. catch - catches - caught - caught 解释:I catch a fish. (原形)He catches the ball. (第三人称单数)We caught the thief. (过去式)The disease has been caught. (过去分词)。
动词的三单形式、现在分词、过去式、过去分词的变化规律
单三形式现在分词过去式规则动词词尾加—ed有三种读音:1. 在清辅音后读作[t].如:asked,helped, watched, stopped2在浊辅音和元音后读作[d]。
如:enjoyed, studied,moved,called3。
在t / d后读作[id].如:wanted, needed不规则动词的过去式见课本后的不规则动词表.大体上归纳有以下几条记忆法:1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。
如:put—put, let-let,cut—cut,beat—beat,cost—cost,hit—hit2。
以d结尾的词,把d变成t。
如:build—built, lend-lent,send—sent, spend—spent (read-read)3. 以n结尾的词,在词后加t。
如:mean—meant,burn—burnt,learn—learnt4。
以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew。
如:blow—blew,draw—drew, know—knew, grow-grew,throw—threw5. 含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。
如:keep—kept, sleep—slept,feel-felt, smell—smelt,sweep-swept6.只去掉一个e:feed—fed,meet—met7。
闭音节词,改i为a。
如:sit—sat,swim-swam, ring-rang, drink—drank,sing—sang,begin—began,8。
开音节词,改i为o。
如:drive—drove,ride-rode, write—wrote,9.buy-bought, bring—brought, think—thought, catch-caught,teach-taughty—laid,say—said,pay—paid母鸡“下蛋”并“摆放”好后,“说”,“付钱"11。
动词各种词性变化规则
一、动词第三人称单数变化规则1) 一般情况下,动词后面直接加-s. 例如:works gets says reads2) 以ch,sh,s,x ,o结尾的动词,在后面加-es。
例如:go-goes;teach-teaches;wash-washes ;brush-brushes;catch-catches;do-does;fix -fixes 。
3) 以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,把y变为i 再加-es.例如:study- studies;try-tries;carry-carries;fly-flies ;cry-cries二、现在分词变化规则(1)一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ingwork ---- working ;sleep ----- sleeping ;study ----- studying(2)动词以不发音的-e结尾,要去-e加-ingtake ----- taking ;make ----- making ;dance ----- dancing(3)重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ingcut ----- cutting ;put ----- putting ;begin ------ beginning(4)以-ie结尾的动词,把变成y再加-inglie ----- lying;tie ----- tying;die ----- dying三、形容词的比较级和最高级变化形式规则如下①一般单音节词末尾加er 和est②单音节词如果以e结尾,只加r 和st③闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母,须先双写这个辅音字母,再加er和est④少数以y,er(或ure),ow,ble结尾的双音节词,末尾加er和est(以y结尾的词,如y前是辅音字母,把y变成i,再加er和est,以e结尾的词仍加r和st)。
3. 也有少数单音节词可以加more和most的办法构成比较级和最高级:原级比较级最高级pleased more pleased most pleasedtired more tired most tiredglad more glad most glad四、名词的复数形式名词复数的不规则变化1)child---children;foot---feet ;tooth---teeth ;mouse---mice;man---men woman---women注意:与man 和woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men 和-women。
动词各种变化形式
shows shuts sings sinks sits sleeps smells sows speaks speeds spells spends spills
showing shutting singing sinking sitting sleeping smelling sowing speaking speeding spelling spending spilling
飞 禁止
fly
flew
forbid forbade/forbad
flown forbidden
flies
flying
forbids forbidding
预测,预报 forecast
forecast/ forecasted
forecast/ forecasted
forecasts forecasting
take teach tear tell think throw
took taught
tore told thought threw
taken taught torn
told thought thrown
takes teaches tears
tells thinks throws
taking teaching tearing telling thinking throwing
了解,理解 understand understood
understood
understands
understandi ng
承担,保证 undertake undertook undertaken undertakes undertaking
醒 穿 编织,组合 得胜 写
wake wear weave win write
动词的变化与用法
动词的变化与用法动词是语言中最基本、最重要的词类之一,它能够表示一个动作、状态或存在的事物。
为了能够准确地表达不同的语态、时态和语气,动词会发生变化并应用于不同的句子结构中。
本文将详细介绍动词的变化形式和用法,帮助读者更好地理解并运用动词。
一、动词的变化形式动词的变化形式主要体现在人称、数和时态方面。
下面将分别介绍这些方面的变化。
1. 人称变化动词根据不同的人称而发生变化。
一般情况下,英语动词的人称变化只表现在第三人称单数形式上,即在动词后加上“-s”或“-es”,例如:goes,plays。
而其他人称则保持动词的原形不变。
2. 数变化动词还会根据句子所指示的动作或状态的数量而发生变化。
在英语中,一般的规则是在动词后添加“-s”来表示复数形式,例如:cats,dogs。
但有些动词的复数形式并不遵循这个规则,需要记忆和学习。
3. 时态变化动词的时态变化是表示动作或状态发生的时间。
在英语中,时态主要分为一般现在时、一般过去时和将来时等。
时态的变化通常通过动词的词形变化或辅助动词来实现。
- 一般现在时:动词保持原形,例如:I eat,He eats。
- 一般过去时:动词加上“-ed”或变化其拼写,例如:played,went。
- 将来时:使用辅助动词或情态动词来表示将来的动作或状态,例如:will go,can play。
二、动词的用法除了变化形式,动词的用法也需要掌握。
下面将从及物动词和不及物动词、情态动词以及动词短语三个方面进行介绍。
1. 及物动词与不及物动词及物动词是指需要有宾语来完成意义的动词,而不及物动词则表示动作或状态不需要宾语。
在句子中,及物动词通常需要与宾语搭配使用,例如:She reads a book. 在这个例子中,动词“reads”是及物动词,它后面的“a book”是宾语。
而不及物动词不需要宾语,例如:He sleeps.2. 情态动词情态动词是一类特殊的动词,用来表示说话人的情感、态度、能力或推测等,而不表示具体的动作或状态。
动词的分词形式变化规则
动词的分词形式变化规则:
1 一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ing ;
例如:work ---- working sleep ----- sleeping study ----- studying
2 动词以不发音的-e结尾,要去-e加-ing ;
例如:take -- taking make ----- making dance ----- dancing 但是,若是发音的e结尾,则不能去e:
例如:see→seeing 看见agree→agreeing 同意
3 重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ing ;
例如:cut ----- cutting put ----- putting begin ------ beginning
4 以-ie结尾的动词,把变成y再加-ing;例如:die→dying 死lie→lying 躺
动词的分词形式变化规则:
1 一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ing ;
例如:work ---- working sleep ----- sleeping study ----- studying
2 动词以不发音的-e结尾,要去-e加-ing ;
例如:take -- taking make ----- making dance ----- dancing 但是,若是发音的e结尾,则不能去e:
例如:see→seeing 看见agree→agreeing 同意
3 重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ing ;
例如:cut ----- cutting put ----- putting begin ------ beginning
4 以-ie结尾的动词,把变成y再加-ing;例如:die→dying 死lie→lying 躺。
规则动词的词形变化
规则动词的词形变化
1.原形:即动词的原始形态,通常用于表示一般动作或状态。
例子:to eat(吃)
2. 第三人称单数形式:用于表示第三人称单数主语的动作或状态,通常在动词后加-s或-es。
例子:he eats(他吃)
3. 现在分词形式:用于表示正在进行的动作或状态,通常在动词后加-ing。
例子:eating(正在吃)
4. 过去式形式:用于表示过去的动作或状态,通常在动词后加-ed。
例子:ate(吃过)
5. 过去分词形式:表示已完成的动作或状态,常用于完成时态和被动语态,通常在动词后加-ed。
例子:eaten(吃过)
需要注意的是,不规则动词的词形变化形式不按照上述规则变化,需要逐个学习和记忆。
动词的变化规则(动词三单,过去式,ing形式)
动词变三单:动词第三人称单数的变化规则:①、一般情况下,词尾加s,如;like----likes, want----wants.②、以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的加es,如,watch---watches, go---goes。
③、以y结尾的归两大类:★元音+y要加s,如play----plays★辅音+y要变y为i+es如study---studies动词ing变化规则1.通常在动词后加ing。
如play→playing2.以不发音的e结尾的动词,去e加ing。
如make→making3.以辅元辅结尾的动词,双写末尾字母,再加ing。
如run→running4.以ie结尾的动词,变ie为y,再加ing。
如lie→lying注:travel / quarrel可双写l,也可不双写。
如travel→travelling / traveling动词过去式变化:[1] e结尾的情况:e结尾的动词, 直接加d: smile--smiled; hope--hoped.ie结尾动词,直接加d: died;tied.[2] 双辅音结尾的情况:两个辅音字母(consonant)结尾的, 直接加ed: helped; learned.[3]两个元音+一个辅音结尾的情况:两个元音(元音字母:a,e,i,o,u)加一个辅音字母结尾的动词,直接加ed: rained; heated.[4] 一个元音+一个辅音结尾的情况:一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的动词:(1) 对单音节单词,双写最后一个辅音字母加ed. stopped; planned;(2) 对双音节单词,如果重读在第一个音节处,不双写加ed. 如: visited(重读在vis前); offered(重读在of 前);(3) 对双音节单词,如果重读在第二个音节处,双写词尾辅音字母加ed. 如: preferred(重读在fer前); admitted(重读在mit前); referred; deferred;[5] y结尾的情况:元音+y结尾动词,直接加ed: played; enjoyed.辅音+y结尾动词,y变i加ed: worried;studied.1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。
动词的五种变化形式
读音
例词
在清辅音后面
/t/
washed /wɒʃt/,cooked /kukt/,helped/helpt/
在浊辅音和元音后面
/d/
played /pleɪd/,cleaned/klɪ:nd/,studied/stʌdɪd/
在/t/, /d/音后面
/ɪd/
visited /vɪzɪtɪd/,wanted/wɔntɪd/,counted/kauntɪd/
动词的基本形式
形式
原形
第三人称单数
现在分词(动名词)
过去式
例词
work
Hale Waihona Puke worksworkingworked
go
goes
going
went
(一)动词第三人称单数形式的构成规则:
一般情况,在词尾加S
以s, x, ch, sh ,o结尾的,加es
以“辅音字母+”结尾的,变y为i再加es
原形
like
play
原形
study
look
dive
make
sit
put
stop
get
run
现在分词
studying
looking
diving
making
sitting
putting
stopping
getting
running
(三)规则动词过去式的构成规则:
一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去e再加-ed
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,先y变为i,再加-ed
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed
动词几种变化形式
词语变化一,动词1.第三人称单数用于一般现在时的句子,当动词在第三人称后时:5、记住最为特别的be的三单is ,have的三单是has。
[注意]a、下面两个动词变三单时,原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化,要记忆。
如do/ du: / →does/ dʌz / ; say/ sei / → says / sez / 。
b、以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是[s][z]时加“s”后字母“e”发音与所加“s”一起读做[iz]。
如:close→closes [iz]。
在中文中第三人称单数的三个“他”写法不一样,读音却相同。
但在英语中,三个“他”既有不同的读音,也有不同的写法,分别是he, she, it。
在第三人称后不能使用动词的原形,而要在相应的动词后加s或es。
2.动词过去式变化规则一、规则动词(Regullar Verbs) 的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成,具体变化有:1. 一般的直接在词尾加-ed。
如: want—wanted, work—worked, need—needed, clean—cleaned2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。
如:like—liked, live—lived, use—used, move—moved smile--smiled; hope--hoped.注意:ie结尾动词,直接加d: died;tied.3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,先双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-ed。
如:stop—stopped, trip—tripped planned;4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed。
如:study—studied, carry—carried, hurry—hurried, marry—married worried; studied.注意:规则动词过去式加“ed”后的发音规则:在浊辅音和元音后面[d]called [kɔ:ld] borrowed[bɒrəʊd] moved[mu:vd]在清辅音后面[t] helped[helpt] passed[pa:st]在[t] [d]音后面[id] started['sta:tid] counted['kauntid]needed['ni:did] counted['kauntid]补充说明:二、不规则动词(Irregular Verbs)的过去式大体上归纳有以下记忆法:1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。
英语动词的各种变式
动词的分类一,从其含义来分,动词可分为实义动词、连系动词、情态动词、助动词。
如:1, 实义动词。
如:go(去);play(玩)2. 连系动词:如:be(是),look(看起来),feel(摸上去),seem(似乎),appear(似乎、显得),prove(证明是),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),sound(听起来);remain(依然),keep(保持),stay(保持),continue(继续、仍旧),stand(处于某状况或情形);become(变成), turn(变成), grow(变得), go(变得)3. 情态动词:must, can(could), may(might), ought to;need,dare;shall(should), will(would);have(had, has) to, used to;4. 助动词:do, does, did; have, has, had;5, 关于be动词:be (原形);is, am, are (一般式);was; were(过去式);been(过去分词);being (现在分词).二,根据动词本身能不能直接接宾语,动词分为及物动词和不及物动词。
1, 不及物动词本身意义完整,后面不需要接宾语。
例如:The rain stopped. 雨停了。
2, 及物动词后面必须接宾语的动词叫做及物动词。
例如:He's reading a magazine. 他正在读一本杂志。
三,根据动作发生过程的长短,实义动词还可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词(短暂性动词)。
延续性动词: 表示能够延续的动作,这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。
如:learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
非延续性动词, 也称终止性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。
动词三单形式、现在分词、过去式、过去分词变化规律
规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音:1. 在清辅音后读作[t]。
如:asked, helped, watched, stopped2在浊辅音和元音后读作[d]。
如:enjoyed, studied, moved, called3. 在t / d后读作[id]。
如:wanted, needed不规则动词的过去式见课本后的不规则动词表。
大体上归纳有以下几条记忆法:1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。
如:put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat,cost—cost,hit—hit2. 以d结尾的词,把d变成t。
3. 以n结尾的词,在词后加t。
如:mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt4. 以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew。
如:blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew,throw—threw5. 含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。
如:keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt,sweep—swept6.只去掉一个e:feed—fed,meet—met7. 闭音节词,改i为a。
如:sit—sat, swim—swam, ring—rang, drink—drank,sing—sang,begin—began,8. 开音节词,改i为o。
如:drive—drove, ride—rode, write—wrote,9.buy—bought, bring—brought, think—thought, catch—caught, teach—taughty—laid, say—said, pay—paid母鸡“下蛋”并“摆放”好后,“说”,“付钱”11.is/am—was, are—were, have/has—had, do—did, go—went, run—ran, see—saw, fly—flew, get—got, win—won, eat—ate, come—came, make—made, tell—told, take—took, fall—fell, speak—spoke, wear—wore, stand—stood, become—became, forget—forgot, hear—heard,can—could, will—would, shall—should, find—found不规则动词的过去分词变化形式1、AAA动词原形,过去式,过去分词相同cost ---cost ---- cost cut ---cut---cut hit ---hit---hit hurt ---hurt ---hurt let ---let ---let put ---put ---put read ---read ---read set ---set ---set shut ---shut ---shut spread--- spread--- spread2、ABA动词原形与过去分词相同become -----became ----- become come----came ----- come run---ran---run3、动词过去分词有两个burn ---burned/burnt---burned/burnt dream---dreamed/dreamt ---dreamed/dreamt learn ---learned/learnt ---learned/learnt smell ---smelled/smelt ---smelled/smeltspell ---spelled/spelt ---spelled/spelt4、在动词原形后加---en/n构成过去分词be---was/were—been beat-----beat----beaten drive ---drove----drivenride ---rode----ridden rise ---rose----risen eat----ate-----eatenfall---fell---fallen give----gave ----given shake ----shook---shakensee----saw---seen take---took---taken blow---blew---blowndraw---drew---drawn grow---grew---grown know---knew---knownshow---showed---shown throw---threw---thrown write—wrote---written5、动词原形i过去式a 过去分词ubegin ---began----begun sing ---sang ----sung ring ---rang---rungswim ---swam ----swum drink ---drank----drunk6、在过去式后加n构成过去分词break---broke ---broken forget ---forgot---forgotten choose---chose---chosen freeze---froze----frozen hide---hid---hidden speak---spoke---spoken steal---stole---stolen wake---woke---woken wear---wore---worn7、动词过去式与过去分词相同bring ---brought ---brought buy ---bought --bought fight ---fought ---fought think ---thought---thought catch ---caught ---caught teach ---taught ---taught dig---dug---dug feed---fed----fed find---found---foundget----got---got hang----hung----hung hear—heard---heardhold----held----held keep---kept----kept lay---laid---laidlead---led---led leave---left----left lend---lent---lentlose---lost---lost make----made---made mean---meant—meant meet---met---met pay---paid---paid say---said---saidsell---sold---sold send----sent---sent shine----shone----shonesit----sat----sat sleep----slept----slept spend---spent---spent stand----stood---stood stick----stuck----stuck sweep---swept---swept tell---told----told understand----understood---understoodwin---won---won feel---felt---felt have----had---had8、特殊记忆do---did---done go---went---gone动词过去式,过去分词不规则变化AB型can—could shall —should will—would may—mightAAA型cost—cost—cost cut—cut—cut hit—hit—hit hurt—hurt—hurt let—let—let must—must—must put—put—put set—set—set shut—shut—shut read—read—readAAB型beat—beat beatenABA型become became becomecome came comerun ran runABB型bring brought broughtbuy bought boughtthink thought thoughtcatch caught caughtteach taught taughtbuild built builtlend lent lentsend sent sentspend spent spentdig dug dughang hung hungfeel felt feltkeep kept keptsleep slept sleptsweep swept sweptleave left leftsmell smelt smeltspill spilt spiltlay laid laidpay paid paidsay said saidsell sold soldsit sat satspit spat spatstand stood stoodunderstand understood understood learn learnt learntmean meant meantspoil spoilt spoiltshine shone shonewin won wonhave had hadmake made madehear heard heardfind found foundhold held heldABC型begin began begundrink drank drunkring rang rungsing sang sungsink sank sunkswim swam swumblow blew blownfly flew flowngrow grew grownknow knew knownthrow threw throwndraw drew drawnshow showed shownbreak broke brokenchoose chose chosenforget forgot forgottenfreeze froze frozenspeak spoke spokenwake woke wokendrive drove driveneat ate eatenfall fell fallengive gave givenhide hid hiddenride rode riddenrise rose risentake took takenmistake mistook mistakenwrite wrote writtenam,is was beendo did donego went gonelie lay lainsee saw seenwear wore worn易错型show showed shown draw drew drawnfall fell fallenfeel felt felthold held heldhelp helped helped think thought thought thank thanked thanked take took takentalk talked talkedget got gotforget forgot forgotten meet met metmean meant meanthit hit hithide hid hiddenring rang rungbring brought brought eat ate eatenbeat beat beatenlie lay lainlay laid laidfind found found found founded founded buy bought bought bring brought brought learn learnt learnt hear heard heard。
最全初高中英语动词的各种变化形式—过去式、现在分词、散单等(带音标)
常用动词的过去式、过去分词不规则变化的规律一、A—A—A型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。
(共9个)cost[kɔst]—cost—cost---costing['kɔstɪŋ]---costs[kɔsts]n.价格, 成本, 费用;代价, 损失vi.价钱为; 花费vt.付出(代价), 失去;估价cut[kʌt]—cut—cut---cutting['kʌtɪŋ]---cutsvt. & vi.切, 剪, 割, 削hit[hit]—hit—hit---hitting---hitsvt. & vi.打, 打击;碰撞n.一击, 击中;成功而风行一时的事物hurt[hə:t]—hurt—hurt---hurting---hurtsvt.使受伤; 伤害vi.疼痛vt. & vi.对…有害; 对…有不良影响n.肉体上的伤害[痛苦];精神上的痛苦[创伤]let[let]—let—let ---lettingvt.让, 使;放掉, 松掉rent——rend——rendvt.1.租用,租入[(+from)]2.租出[(+to/out)]put[put]—put—put---puttingvt.放; 置;使处于(某种状态);read[ri:d]—read—read ---readingvt. & vi.读; 看懂, 理解set[set]—set—set---setting---setsvt.放, 搁置vi.(日、月等)落, 下沉;n.(一)套, (一)副;收音机; 电视机shut[ʃʌt]—shut—shut ---shutting---shutsvt. & vi.关, 关上二、A—B—B型,即过去式、过去分词相同。
(共41个)1 过去式和过去分词都含有-ought。
(3个)bring[briŋ]—brought[brɔ:t]—brought ---bringing---brings及物动词vt.1.带来, 拿来, 带…到某处, 取来buy[bai]— bought[bɔ:t]—bought ---buyingvt. & vi.购买, 购得;做出牺牲以获得n.交易, 买卖;便宜货think[θiŋk]—thought[θɔ:t]— thought ---thingingvt. & vi.想, 思索;以为; 认为vt.料想; 想像; 预料到2 词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。
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一、动词单三形式的构成规则:
①一般动词在词尾加-s
②以字母s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词加-es
③以元音字母+y结尾的动词,直接加s
④以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es.
二、规则动词的过去式变化如下:
1)、一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed ,如:
work ---worked play---played wanted----wanted act----acted
2)、动词原形以(不发音的)-e 结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如:
live---lived move----moved taste---tasted hope---hoped
3)、动词原形以“辅元辅”结尾,先双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed(字母组合除外),如:stop ---stopped (批注: 动词原形词尾以“元音+-l, -r”,并为重读音节时,双写r,l,再加-ed, 如:compel, travel, prefer , refer)
4)、动词原形以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:
study---studied copy---copied cry---cried carry---carried
动词原形以元音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed,如:
play---played enjoy--- enjoyed stay---stayed
过去分词构成口诀:
过去分词很好记,动词后缀加ed。
直接加、去e加、双写加。
还有一点要注意,Y前元辅不统一。
三、不规则动词的过去式的构成
(不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
)
1. 英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况。
1)动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。
2)动词原形与过去分词同形如:come(来) run(跑) become(成为)
3)动词原形与过去分词同形
give(给) fly(飞) drink(喝) see(看见) go(去) know(知道)
4) 动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同
5) 过去式和过去分词有两种形式
2. 不规则动词的过去式具体变化规则:
1). 把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。
如:
begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam 2).把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。
如:drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote 3). 改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。
如:
draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)
4). 动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。
如:get—got,forget—forgot
5). 动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。
如:feed—fed,meet—met
6). 动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。
如:keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept
7). 动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。
如:break—broke,speak—spoke
8).动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。
如:sell—sold,tell—told
9). 动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。
如:stand—stood,understand—understood
10). 以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔:t〕的过去式。
如:
bring—brought,buy— bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
11). 以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。
如:can—could,shall—should,will—would
12). 把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。
如:come—came,become—became
13). 在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。
如:
hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕,say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕
14). 动词的过去式与动词原形一样。
如:let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕
15). 不符合上述规律的动词过去式。
如:
am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has—had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took
3. 过去式“-ed”的发音规则
(1)动词词尾为“t,d”时,发/ id /音,
want →wanted (要)need →needed (需要)
(2)动词词尾为清辅音时,发/ t / 音。
help →helped (帮助)laugh →laughed(笑)look →looked (看)
kiss →kissed (吻)wash →washed (洗)watch →watched (注视)(3)动词词尾为t,d以外之浊辅音或元音时,发/ d /音。
call →called (叫)stay→stayed (停留)cry→cried (哭)
4. 提示
a. beat的过去式与原形同形:比:beat(打击)beat(过去式)beaten(过去分词)
b. lie有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同
比:lie lied, lied(说谎)lay, lain(躺,位于)
c. hang 有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同
比:hang hanged, hanged(处绞刑)hung, hung(挂,吊)
d. welcome(欢迎)一词是规则动词,不可误用为不规则动词
比:welcome welcomed, welcomed(正)welcome, welcome(误)
e.不要将不规则动词误用为规则动词比:hit(打)hit, hit(正)hitted, hitted(误)
5. 英语不规则动词记忆表
四、动词ing变化规则:
1)、一般情况,直接+ing,例:work,working
2)、以不发音的e结尾,去e+ing,例:hope,hoping;write,writing
3)、动词原形以“辅元辅”结尾,先双写词尾辅音字母,再加ing(字母组合除外),如:stop ---stopping ( 批注:动词原形词尾以“元音+-l, -r”,并为重读音节时,双写r,l,再加-ing,如:compel, travel, prefer , refer)
4)、以ie结尾,去ie变y+ing,例:die,dying;lie,lying;tie,tying
(注意:see-seeing ;draw-drawing ;listen-listening ;develop-developing)
现在分词构成口诀:
现在分词很好记,动词后缀-ing。
直接加、去e加、双写加。
还有一点要注意,ie要用y来替。
五、常见的双写词尾辅音字母的单词:
begin,beginning swim,swimming run,running
cut -- cutting 切put-- putting 放get -- getting 得到,获得forget -- forgetting 忘记hit -- hitting 打,击,撞win --winning 赢
spit -- spitting 吐痰hiccup -- hiccupping 打嗝sit -- sitting 坐
run -- running 跑split--splitting分裂shut -- shutting 关闭
shop --shopping 购物stop -- stopping 停止drop -- dropping 落下
dig --digging 挖plan -- planning 计划let -- letting 让
step -- stepping 踩,踏trip -- tripping 绊倒rob -- robbing 抢劫
set -- setting 设置dip-- dipping 浸nod -- nodding 点头
fit -- fitting 合适fret -- fretting 使烦恼kidnap -- kidnapping 绑架nap -- napping 小睡,打盹regret -- regretting 后悔pop-- popping 爆开
prop--propping 支撑rot--rotting 腐spot--spotting 玷污
slip--slipping 滑倒wrap--wrapping包装
babysit -- babysitting 临时照看婴儿mop -- mopping 用拖把拖洗, 擦, 抹。