高考英语阅读理解-----推理判断

Example 5:
Once Napoleon stayed in a small inn (旅馆). …… …… “Please, sir.” begged the innkeeper, “Don't kill us! We meant nothing!” The soldiers moved back. The innkeeper saw them raising their guns. Then Napoleon called: “Ready! Aim!” The wife screamed. “Stop!” said Napoleon. He went to the innkeeper, “Now, you know the answer to the question you asked me just now, don’t you?” Q: Why did Napoleon ordered his men to tie the couple? A. Because he wanted to teach the innkeeper a good lesson for bothering him. B. Because he wanted to kill the couple to get rid of his anger. C. Because he wanted to show that he was so admiring a general that nobody could upset him. D. Because he wanted to made the innkeeper know that a general like him had the same feeling as the ordinary people in face of danger.
6. 写作目的/意图推断题
7. 文章出处/来源推断题
8. 预测想象推断题
1. 数据推断题 技巧:
解答此类题, 关键是要善于捕 捉有关数字的信息, 然后在透彻理 解原文的字面意义和题意的基础 上, 运用自己的数学知识,对其进行 分析、推算, 从而得出正确的结论。
Example 1:
Shakespeare’s Birthplace and Exhibition of Shakespeare’s World ……
Tokyo: Three snakes, whose poison could kill a person in ten minutes, are guarding a blue star sapphire (蓝宝石) worth nearly six hundred thousand dollars at a Japanese exhibition of jewels sent from an Indian museum. “Normally it would be forbidden to let these poisonous snakes guard exhibition objects, but it’s different this time because the jewels are being exhibited at a hotel,” a police official said. Exhibition officials said that a person bitten (咬) by one of these snakes would need at least 80 ml of an anti-poison medicine to be saved. Medicine was being kept ready at a nearby hospital. …… Q: The jewels was being shown in ______. A. an Indian hotel B. an Indian museum C. a Japanese hotel D. a Japanese museum
Example 2:
Below are some classified ads from an English newspaper. classified ads FOR DIRECT CLASSIFIED SERVICE CALL 800-0557 10A.M.-4P.M. MONDAY-FRIDAY FOR SALE COME to our moving sale---Plants, pottery, books, clothes, etc, Sat, Dec. 14th---9 a.m.-5 p.m.1612 Ferndale, Apt. 1,800-4696. USED FUR COATS and JACKETS. GOOD condition. $30-$50. Call 800-0436 after 12 noon. MOVING: Must sell. TV21”, $50; AM/FM radio A/C or battery, $15; cassette tape recorder, $10. Call Jon or Pat, 800-0793 after 5 p.m. or weekends. SHEEPSKIN COAT: man’s, size 42, 1 year old. $85. After 6 p.m., 800-5224. …… Q: A second-hand jacket will probably cost you ______. A. $60 B. $40 C. $20 D. $10
The Birthplace is within easy walking distance of all the car parks shown on the map: nearest is Windsor Street (3 minutes’ Walk) …… Q: How much is the admission for a family of two grown-ups and two children? A. ￡9.80 B. ￡12.00 C. ￡14.20 D. ￡16.40
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2. 知识推断题
知识推断是根据文章中所阐述的细节， 运用自己掌握的基础知识进行分析、推敲， 从而得出符合文章原义的结论的一种推断方 法。
知识推断题一般都是针对细节。 技巧:
解答此类题，不仅需要我们有 一定的社会基础常识，而且还需要 对细节以及有关背景知识有一个充 分的理解。
Example 3:
五年高考全国卷推理判断题量统计表
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 全国Ⅱ 全国Ⅰ 全国Ⅰ 全国Ⅰ 全国Ⅱ
推理 判断 题量 7 7 5 7 8
推理判断题量在近5年中相对稳定
1. 数据推断题
推 理 判 断
2. 知识推断题 3. 逻辑结论推断题 4. 隐含意思/细节推断题 5. 作者观点、态度倾向推断题
When the young waitress near my house started saying hello to me every day, I was very happy. She was at least fifteen years younger than I. One day she signed me to come near. When I walked over, she asked, “Are you single?” “Why, yes.” I answered, smiling at her happily. “So is my mother.” she said,“Would you like to meet her?” Q: The waitress said hello to the writer every day because ______. A. she lived near his house B. he often went to visit her mother C. she wanted to be friendly with him ☆ D. she loved him very much
Example 7:
Since my retirement (退休) from teaching music in 2001, I have spent a good deal of time painting as an artist……. In any case, I drew pen and ink animals and landscapes (风景画) much influenced（影响）by Krenkel and St. John for five years. …… but as soon as I walked out of the school door for the last time I picked up my brushes and rediscovered Andrew Wyeth, who quickly became my favorite artist. …… So I painted landscapes around Minnesota for three years and tried out many other types of painting. …… …… As Confucius once said, “At seventy I can follow my heart’s desire.” 71. We can infer from the text that the author ______. A. had been taught by Krenkel and St. John B. painted landscapes in Minnesota for 5 years C. believed Wyeth to be the best in watercolors ☆ D. started his retirement life at the age of seventy
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4. 隐含意思/细节推断题
干扰项特点:
1. 文章中直接用于表达细节的信息 2. 文章中无关紧要或片面推出的结 论 3. 与文章内容完全相反的结论 4. 不合常理或不合逻辑的结论等。
4. 隐含意思/细节推断题
技巧: 1.要全面分析所有相关信息，切忌片面思 考，得出片面结论。 2. 要忠实原文，切忌脱离原文，凭空臆 断。 3. 注意不要选择表层信息答案，应该立 足由已知推断未知。
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Example 6:
One day a man walked into a pet shop and said to the shop assistant, “I need two small mice and about five dozen roaches (蟑螂) and two spiders.” “What do you need these things for?” the shop assistant was very surprised. “Well,” replied the man, “I’m moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that I should leave the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.” Q: The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the house, it was ______. A. very clean B. just cleaned by the landlord C. tidy and comfortable ☆ D. dirty and full of insects
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3. 逻辑结论推断题
逻辑结论是指严格根据文中所陈述的事实、 论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而 得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是根据自己的经验、 态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。
技巧:
解答这类题的前提是首先 获得短文的主题思想或列举的 具体事实，然后按题意的要求 进行推断。
Example 4:
阅读理解主要考查形式主要有四大类：
1．事实细节题。 2．主旨大意题。 3．词义猜测题。 4．推理判断题。
英语阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出 来，而是要求阅读者根据字面意思，通过语 篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的 态度，理解文章的寓义，这就是判断推理题。 判断推理题在阅读测试中属于难题。因此， 考生应在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所 提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，哲学原理， 并借助一定的常识进行分析，推理，判断。