专八口语试题 2014年11月
2014年英语专业八级真题及详解【圣才出品】
2014年英语专业八级真题及详解TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2014)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT: 150 MIN PART ⅠLISTENING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.How to Reduce StressLife is full of things that cause us stress. Though we may not like stress, we have to live with it.1. ____【答案】physical【解析】细节题。
这篇讲座主要围绕压力展开。
2014年专业八级考试试题及答案解析(一)
专业八级考试试题及答案解析(一)一、Listening Comprehension (News Broadcast)（共4小题,共4.0分）In this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.第1题According to the news, US consumer confidence ______.A slipped in five successive monthsB slipped in seven successive monthsC has dropped to its lowest level in five yearsD slipped one more point this month【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[听力原文]US consumer confidence dropped in November for the fifth straight month to its lowest level in more than seven years (1). The latest survey, a key indicator for the US economy, was released Tuesday by the Conference Board, a private business research group. The latest numbers show Americans are increasingly worried about jobs, as the number of unemployed keeps rising this year. Consumer confidence slipped another few points this month, more than experts were predicting. The figures show consumers are more concerned about the present economic situation than they have been in recent years. Also, persistent fears over terrorism apparently are adding to the people's worries (2). Economists say signs of falling confidence in the US economy could not have come at a worse time. It suggests less robust shopping during the end of the year holiday season. US retailers are already gloomy, as customers worried about their current financial situation seem to be shopping more cautiously. Consumer spending accounts for about two-thirds of US economic activity.题目问美国消费者信心下滑的情况。
2014英语专八真题
2014英语专八真题试卷SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interviews and the question will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B), C) and D), and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWERSHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices. Now, listen to the first interview. Questions 1 to 5 are based on Part One of the interview.。
2014年专业英语八级真题及答案解析
A. positive stress
-where it occurs: Christmas, wedding,__5__
B. negative stress
—where it occurs: test-taking situations, friend´s death
Ⅲ. Ways to cope with stress
第14题
According to Angelina, what is the key issue in solving the refugee problem?
A.The current situation in Iraq.
B.The politics in the Middle East.
C.Refugees returning to normal life.
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Life is full of things that cause us stress. Though we may not like stress, we have to live with it.
Ⅰ. Definition of stress
A.__1__reaction
C.proposed that policies be made promptly
D.was much worried about the lack of action
第13题
Which of the following BEST explains what the global community should do?
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第17题
20141108雅思考试口语考题回顾
雅思考试口语考题回顾朗阁雅思培训中心简真真
雅思口语趋势分析和备考指导1. 11月份口试自9月份换题以来在Part 1和Part 2出现的新题数量并不大，各部分的话题总体趋于固定化，多数还是以旧题为主，如常见的有Part 1中的cook, color, shoe, weather, relax, season, friend, relatives等话题，Part 2中a person who has an interesting job., someone you think is beautiful or handsome, etc. 不过，对于难度系数较高的“专业类”话题，考生还需保持高度警惕，彻底cover动物类、法律类等相关话题。
另外是对于Part 2口语话题的审题，题目中的中心词若前后有修饰词，则在准备时需要将整体话题范围缩小到潜在的题目设置范围内，如Describe an old person you respect, 本题虽简单，但在old和you respect上考生要思考到位，其中在回答中需要以原因、背景或经历为依据对话题进行展开，以避免只是泛泛谈一个老人而已。
2. Part 3部分无论遇到什么样的问题，考生都要在表达主观看法时尽量做到回答客观(objective)，有理有据，切忌只顾按自己的兴趣喜好天马行空，不然回答的逻辑连贯性和语言的流畅性易受影响，尽量让自己的观点听上去更具体更有力一些。
2014年英语专八考试题答案
2014年英语专八考试题答案653390834一、阅读理解(共4题，合计20分)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages.TEXT AWhenever we could, Joan and I took refuge in the streets of Gibraltar. The Englishman's home is his castle because he has not much choice. There is nowhere to sit in the streets of England, not even, after twilight, in the public gardens. The climate, very often, does not even permit him to walk outside. Naturally, he stays indoors and creates a cocoon of comfort. That was the way we lived in Leeds. These southern people, on the other hand, look outwards. The Gibraltarian home is, typically, a small and crowded apartment up several flights of dark and dirty stairs. In it, one, two or even three old people share a few ill-lit rooms with the young family. Once he has eaten, changed his clothes, embraced his wife, kissed his children and his parents, there is nothing to keep the southern man at home. He hurries out, taking even his breakfast coffee at his local bar. He comes home late for his afternoon meal after an appetitive hour at his ear6. He sleeps for an hour, dresses, goes out again and stays out until late at night. His wife does not miss him, for she is out, too — at the market in the morning and in the afternoon sitting with other mothers, baby-minding in the sun.The usual Gibraltarian home has no sitting-room, living-room or lounge. The parlour of our working-class houses would be an intolerable waste of space. Easy-chairs, sofas and such-like furniture are unknown. There are no bookshelves, because there are no books. Talking and drinking, as well as eating, are done on hard chairs round the dining-table, between a sideboard decorated with the best glasses and an inevitable display cabinet full of family treasures, photographs and souvenirs. The elaborate chandelier over this table proclaims it as the hub of the household and of the family. "Hearth and home" makes very little sense in Gibraltar. One's home is one's town or village, and one's hearth is the sunshine.Our northern towns are dormitories with cubicles, by comparison. When we congregate — in the churches it used to be, now in the cinema, say, impersonally, or at public meetings, formally — we are scarcely ever man to man. Only in our pubs can you find the truly gregarious and communal spirit surviving, and in England even the pubs are divided along class lines.Along this Mediterranean coast, home is only a refuge and a retreat. The people live together in the open air — in the street, market-place. Down here, there is a far stronger feeling of community than we had ever known. In crowded and circumscribed Gibraltar, with its complicated inter-marriages, its identity of interests, its surviving sense of siege, one can see and feel an integrated society.To live in a tiny town with all the organization of a state, with Viceroy (总督), Premier, Parliament, Press and Pentagon, all in miniature, all within arm's reach, is an intensive course in civics. In such an environment, nothing can be hidden, for better or for worse. One's successes are seen and recognized;one's failures are immediately exposed. Social consciousness is at its strongest, with the result that there is a constant and firm pressure towards good social behaviour, towards courtesy and kindness. Gibraltar, with all its faults, is the friendliest and most tolerant of places. Straight from the cynical anonymity of a big city, we luxuriated in its happy personalism. We look back on it, like all its exiled sons and daughters, with true affection.我要找茬1 Which of the following best explains the differences in ways of living between the English and the Gibraltarians?[A] The family structure. [B] Religious belief.[C] The climate. [D] Eating habit.选择答案：A B C D不确定答案我要找茬2The italicized part in the third paragraph implies that[A] English working class homes are similar to Gibraltarian ones.[B] English working-class homes have spacious sitting-rooms.[C] English working-class homes waste a lot of space.[D] the English working-class parlour is intolerable in Gibraltar.选择答案：A B C D不确定答案我要找茬3We learn from the description of the Gibraltarian home that it is[A] modern. [B] luxurious. [C] stark. [D] simple.选择答案：A B C D不确定答案我要找茬4There is a much stronger sense of ______ among the Gibraltarians.[A] togetherness [B] survival [C] identity [D] leisure选择答案：A B C D不确定答案我要找茬5According to the passage, people in Gibraltar tend to be well-behaved because of the following EXCEPT[A] the entirety of the state structure, [B] constant pressure from the state.[C] the small size of the town. [D] transparency of occurrences.选择答案：A B C D不确定答案TEXT BFor office innovators, the unrealized dream of the "paperless" office is a classic example of high-tech hubris (傲慢). Today's office drone is drowning in more paper than ever bef ore.But after decades of hype, American offices may finally be losing their paper obsession. T he de2014年专八考试答案653390834mand for paper used to outstrip the growth of the U. S. economy, but the past two or three years have seen a marked slowdown in sales — despite a healthy economic scene.Analysts attribute the decline to such factors as advances in digital databases and comm unication systems. Escaping our craving for paper, however, will be anything but an easy affair."Old habits are hard to break," says Merilyn Dunn, a communications supplies director. " There are some functions that paper serves where a screen display doesn't work. Those f unctions are both its strength and its weakness. "In the early to mid-'90s, a booming economy and improved desktop printers helped boos t paper sales by 6 to 7 percent each year. The convenience of desktop printing allowed o ffice workers to indulge in printing anything and everything at very little effort or cost. But now, the growth rate or paper sales in the United States is flattening by about half a percent each year. Between 2004 and 2005, Ms. Dunn says, plain white office paper will see less than a 4 percent growth rate, despite the strong overall economy. A primary rea son for the change, says Dunn, is that for the first time ever, some 47 percent of the wor kforce entered the job market after computers had already been introduced to offices. "We're finally seeing a reduction in the amount of paper being used per worker in the wo rkplace," says John Maine, vice president of a pulp and paper economic consulting firm. " More information is being transmitted electronically, and more and more people are comfortable with the information residing only in electronic form without printing multiple bac kups. "In addition, Mr. Maine points to the lackluster employment market for white-collar worke rs — the primary driver of office paper consumption — for the shift in paper usage. The real paradigm shift may be in the way paper is used. Since the advent of advanced a nd reliable office-network systems, data storage has moved away from paper archives. T he secretarial art of "filing" is disappearing from job descriptions. Much of today's data m ay never leave its original digital format.The changing attitudes toward paper have finally caught the attention of paper companie s, says Richard Harper, a researcher at Microsoft. "All of a sudden, the paper industry ha s started thinking, 'We need to learn more about the behavioural aspects of paper use, '" he says. "They had never asked, they'd just assumed that 70 million sheets would be bo ught per year as a literal function of economic growth. "To reduce paper use, some companies are working to combine digital and paper capabilit ies. For example, Xerox Corp. is developing electronic paper: thin digital displays that res pond to a stylus, like a pen on paper. Notations can be erased or saved digitally. Another idea, intelligent paper, comes from Anoto Group. It would allow notations made with a stylus on a page printed with a special magnetic ink to simultaneously appear on a computer screen.Even with such technological advances, the improved capabilities of digital storage contin ue to act against "paperlessness," argues Paul Saffo, a technology forecaster. In his prop hetic and metaphorical 1989 essay, "The Electronic Pinata (彩罐)," he suggests that the i ncreasing amounts of electronic data necessarily require more paper."The information industry today is like a huge electronic pinata, composed of a thin pape r crust surrounding an electronic core," Mr. Saffo wrote. The growing paper crust "is mos t noticeable, but the hidden electronic core that produces the crust is far larger — and gr owing more rapidly. The result is that we are becoming paperless, but we hardly notice a t all. "In the same way that digital innovations have increased paper consumption, Saffo says, so has video conferencing — with its promise of fewer in-person meetings — boosting bu siness travel."That's one of the great ironies of the information age ," Saffo says. "It's just common se nse that the more you talk to someone by phone or computer, it inevitably leads to a fac e-to-face meeting. The best thing for the aviation industry was the Internet. "TEXT CWhen George Orwell wrote in 1941 that England was "the most class-ridden country under the sun", he was only partly right. Societies have always had their hierarchies, with so me group perched at the top. In the Indian state of Bihar the Ranveer Sena, an upper-ca ste private army, even killed to stay there.By that measure class in Britain hardly seems entrenched (根深蒂固的). But in another w ay Orwell was right, and continues to be. As a new YouGov poll shows, Britons are surpri singly alert to class 2014年英语专八考试答案653390834— both their own and that of ot hers. And they still think class is sticky. According to the poll, 48% of people aged 30 or over say they expect to end up better off than their parents. But only 28% expect to end up in a different class. More than two-thirds think neither they nor their children will leav e the class they were born into.What does this thing that people cannot escape consist of these days? And what do peop le look at when decoding which class someone belongs to? The most useful identifying m arkers, according to the poll, are occupation, address, accent and income, in that order. The fact that income comes fourth is revealing: though some of the habits and attitudes that class used to define are more widely spread than they were, class still indicates som ething less blunt than mere wealth.Occupation is the most trusted guide to class, but changes in the labour market have ma de that harder to read than when Orwell was writing. Manual workers have shrunk along with farming and heavy industry as a proportion of the workforce, while the number of p eople in white-collar jobs has surged. Despite this striking change, when they were asked to place themselves in a class, Brits in 2006 huddled in much the same categories as the y did when they were asked in 1949. So, jobs, which were once a fairly reliable guide to class, have become misleading.A survey conducted earlier this year by Expertian shows how this convergence on similar types of work has blurred class boundaries. Expertian asked people in a number of differ ent jobs to place themselves in the working class or the middle class. Secretaries, waiters and journalists were significantly more likely to think themselves middle-class than acco untants, computer programmers or civil servants. Many new white-collar jobs offer no m ore autonomy or better prospects than old blue-collar ones. Yet despite the muddle over what the markers of class are these days, 71% of those polled by YouGov still said they f ound it very or fairly easy to figure out which class others belong to.In addition to changes in the labour market, two other things have smudged the borders on the class map. First, since 1945 Britain has received large numbers of immigrants who do not fit easily into existing notions of class and may have their own pyramids to scram ble up. The flow of new arrivals has increased since the late 1990s, multiplying this effect. Second, barriers to fame have been lowered. Britain's fast-growing ranks of celebrities — like David Beckham and his wife Victoria — form a kind of parallel aristocracy open to tal ent, or at least to those who are uninhibited enough to meet the requests of television producers. This too has made definitions more complicated.But many Brits, given the choice, still prefer to identify with the class they were born into rather than that which their jobs or income would suggest. This often entails pretending to be more humble than is actually the case: 220% of white-collar workers told YouGov t hat they consider themselves working class. Likewise, the Expertian survey found that on e in ten adults who call themselves working class are among the richest asset-owners, an d that over half a million households which earn more than $191,000 a year say they are working class. Pretending to be grander than income and occupation suggest is rarer, th ough it happens too.If class no longer describes a clear social, economic or even political status, is it worth pa ying any attention to.9 Possibly, yes. It is still in most cases closely correlated with educa tional attainment and career expectations.TEXT DThe train was whirling onward with such dignity of motion that a glance from the window seemed simply to prove that plains of Texas were pouring eastward. Vast fiats of green grass, dull-hued spaces of mesquite and cactus, little groups of frame houses, woods of li ght and tender trees, all were sweeping into the east, sweeping over the horizon, a preci pice.A newly married pair had boarded this coach at San Antonio. The man's face was redden ed from many days in the wind and sun, and a direct result of his new black clothes was that his brick-coloured hands were constantly performing in a most conscious fashion. Fr om time to time he looked down respectfully at his attire. He sat with a hand on each kn ee, like a man waiting in a barber's shop. The glances he devoted to other passengers w ere furtive and shy.The bride was not pretty, nor was she very young. She wore a dress of blue cashmere, w ith small reservations of velvet here and there, and with steel buttons abounding. She co ntinually twisted her head to regard her puff sleeves, very stiff, and high. They embarras sed her. It was quite apparent that she had cooked, and that she expected to cook, dutif ully. The blushes caused by the careless scrutiny of some passengers as she had entered the car were strange to see upon this plain, under-class countenance, which was drawn in placid, almost emotionless lines.They were evidently very happy. "Ever been in a parlor-car before?" he asked, smiling wi th delight."No," she answered; "I never was. It's fine, ain't it?""Great! And then after a while we'll go forward to the dinner, and get a big lay-out. Fresh meal in the world. Charge a dollar. ""Oh, do they?" cried the bride. "Charge a dollar? Why, that's too much — for us — ain't it, Jack?""Nor this trip, anyhow," he answered bravely. "We're going to go the whole thing. " Later he explained to her about the trains. "You see, it's a thousand miles from one end of Texas to the other; and this runs right across it, and never stops but four times. " He had the pride of an owner. He pointed out to her the dazzling fittings of the coach; and i n truth her eyes opened wider and she contemplated the sea-green figured velvet, the s hining brass, silver, and glass, the wood that gleamed as darkly brilliant as the surface of a pool of oil. At one end a bronze figure sturdily held a support for a separated chamber, and at convenient places on the ceiling were frescos in olive and silver.To the minds of the pair, their surroundings reflected the glory of their marriage that mor ning in San Antonio: this was the environment of their new estate; and the man's face in particular beamed with an elation that made him appear ridiculous to the Negro porter. This individual at times surveyed them from afar with an amused and superior grin. On o ther occasions he bullied them with skill in ways that did not make it exactly plain to the m that they were being bullied. He subtly used all the manners of the most unconquerabl e kind of snobbery. He oppressed them. But of this oppression they had small knowledge, and they speedily forgot that infrequently a number of travelers covered them with stare s of derisive enjoyment. Historically there was supposed to be something infinitely humor ous in their situation."We are due in Yellow Sky at 3:42," he said, looking tenderly into her eyes."Oh, are we?" she said, as if she had not been aware of it. To evince (表现出) surprise at her husband's statement was part of her wifely amiability. She took from a pocket a littl e silver watch: and as she held it before her, and stared at it with a frown of attention, t he new husband's face shone."I bought it in San Anton' from a friend of mine," he told her gleefully."It's seventeen minutes past twelve," she said, looking up at him with a kind of shy and c lumsy coquetry (调情; 卖俏). A passenger, noting this play, grew excessively sardonic, an d winked at himself in one of the numerous mirrors.At last they went to the dining-car. Two rows of Negro waiters, in glowing white suits, su rveyed their entrance with the interest, and also the equanimity (平静), of men who had been forewarned. The pair fell to the lot of a waiter who happened to feel pleasure in ste ering them through their meal. He viewed them with the manner of a fatherly pilot, his c ountenance radiant with benevolence. The patronage, entwined with the ordinary defere nce, was not plain to them. And yet, as they returned to their coach, they showed in thei r faces a sense of escape.With social and economic development, our people have more time and money to visit famous sites of historical interest. Their visits, on the one hand,can enrich their own life and meanwhile bring the sites substantial incomes. On the other hand, too many visits, especially during peak travel peak when there are more visitors, have caused huge problems. One solution to this is to charge higher fees during peak travel seasons, which I think is necessary and I am in complete favor of this decision.As we all know, today there is no entrance fee charged for many parks in our country while almost all famous sites of historical interest still need an entry fee. Some people can not accept this for they think that both parks and famous sites of historical interest are part of public services. They should have free access to them or at least shouldn’t pay too much for the visit since they have already paid taxes to the government. Then it is far impossible for those people to allow the sites to charge higher fees during peak travel seasons.On the surface, the arguments that people opposing to entry fees charged for famous sites of historical interest hold seem reasonable. But in fact, those people have ignored the unique features of famous sites of historical interest which normally imply ample historical and cultural values. Those sites differ from common parks. The relics in these sites are precious and fragile to destroy, and usually need special and professional preservation and administration, which turn out to be an expensive exercise that constantly demands resources. Entry fees must be charged. During peak travel seasons, there is no better measure than raising the entry fees to reduce the number of tourists. The purpose of charging higher fees is t o stop some people’ visits so as to better protect the valuable relics and at the same time ensure the safety of the tourists. It is obvious that some people will give up their visits considering the higher fees. Here economic means are applied to conserve precious things at the sites of historical interest in an appropriate and sustainable way.In a word, due to the unique features of relics and the need of the sustainable protection of sites of historical interest, we must control the number of visitors, especially during the peak travel seasons when there are too many tourists, to diminish the impact of human activities on these sites to its lowest level. And charging higher fees during the peak travel seasons, an effective economic means of regulation will be of great importance.Passage Four (Examinations Exert a Pernicious Influence on Education)We might marvel at the progress made in every field of study, but the methods of testing a person’s knowledge and ability remain as primitive as ever they were.It really is extraordinary that after all these years, educationists have still failed to device anything more efficient and reliable than examinations.For all the pious claim that examinations text what you know, it is common knowledge that they more often do the exact opposite.They may be a good means of testing memory, or the knack of working rapidly under extreme pressure, but they can tell you nothing about a person’s true ability and aptitude.As anxiety-makers, examinations are second to none.That is because so much depends on them.They are the mark of success of failure in our society.Your whole future may be decided in onefateful day.It doesn’t matter that you weren’t feeling very well, or that you2014年专八考试答案653390834r mother died.Little things like that don’t count：the exam goes on.No one can give of his best when he is in mortal terror, or after a sleepless night, yet this is precisely what the examination system expects him to do.The moment a child begins school, he enters a world of vicious competition where success and failure are clearly defined and measured.Can we wonder at the increasing number of ‘drop-outs’：young people who are written off as utter failures before they have even embarked on a career? Can we be surprised at the suicide rate among students?A good education should, among other things, train you to think for yourself.The examination system does anything but that.What hasto be learnt is rigidly laid down by a syllabus, so the student is encouraged to memorize.Examinations do not motivate a student to read widely, but to restrict his reading; they do not enable him to seek more and more knowledge, but induce cramming.They lower the standards of teaching, for they deprive the teacher of all freedoms.Teachers themselves are often judged by examination results and instead of teaching their subjects, they are reduced to training their students in exam techniques which they despise.The most successful candidates are not always the best educated; they are the best trained in the technique of working under duress.The results on which so much depends are often nothing more than a subjective assessment by some anonymous examiner.Examiners are onlyhuman.They get tired and hungry; they make mistakes.Yet they have to mark stacks of hastily scrawled scripts in a limited amount of time.They work under the same sort of pressure as the candidates.And their word carries weight.After a judge’s decision you have the right of appeal, but not after an examiner’s.There must surely be many sim pler and more effective ways of assessing a person’s true abilities.Is it cynical to suggest that examinations are merely a profitable business for the institutions that run them? This is what it boils down to in the last analysis.The best comment on the system is this illiterate message recently scrawled on a wall：‘I were a teenage drop-out and now I are a teenage millionaire.’The main idea of this passage is[A] examinations exert a pernicious influence on education.[B] examinations are ineffective.[C] examinations are profitable for institutions.[D] examinations are a burden on students.The author’s attitude toward examinations is[A]detest.[B] approval.[C] critical.[D] indifferent.The fate of students is decided by[A] education.[B] institutions.[C] examinations.[D] students themselves.According to the author, the most important of a good education is[A] to encourage students to read widely.[B] to train students to think on their own.[C] to teach students how to tackle exams.[D] to master his fate.Why does the author mention court?[A] Give an example.[B] For comparison.[C] It shows that teachers’ evolutions depend on the results of examinations.[D] It shows the results of court is more effectise.Vocabularypernicious 有害的，恶性的，破坏性的knack 窍门，诀窍embark 乘船，登记write off 勾销，注销。
11月8日雅思真题：口语(新东方)
11月8日雅思真题：口语（新东方）2014年11月8日雅思真题：口语（新东方）Part 11. Friends(本周热门考题)，Do you have a lot of friends or just a few close friends?2. Habit (本周热门考题)，What do you think is called a good habit?3. Cars(本季度新题)，If you wanted to buy a car, what kind of car would you choose?4. Shoes(本季度新题)，Do you buy shoes online?5. Leisure Time (本周热门考题)，Do you think it’s important to spend your leisure time with your family?6. Dictionary, Which kind of dictionaries do you prefer to use?7. Gifts, Do you and your friends or family members give each other gifts?8. Toys, Is there any difference between the boys’ toys and girls’ toys? Part 2& 31. A good law in your country (本周热门考题)，If there were no laws, what do you think society (or life) would be like?2. Your first mobile phone (本周热门考题)，Are mobile phones very common in your country?3. A handmade gift you gave or received from someone, Do you think expensive gifts is a good sign for the true friendship?4. A magazine or newspaper that you like to read(本周热门考题)，Do young people and old people like to read the same types of things?5. A useful app in your phone, computer or tablet (本季度新题)，Is it more acceptable for young to use the app than the old?6. A famous person who is important in your country, What are the advantages/disadvantages of being famous?7. A family celebration (老题新翻，本周热门)，Do people eat, drink and dance at wedding celebrations in China?8. A good service that a company or shop offers, What jobs require staff to get in touch with many people?9. Describe a sports person who played well in the match.(老题新翻，本周热门)，Do children have enough time for sports in China?10. An indoor game that you played when you were a child, Do you think outdoor activities are important for children?相关推荐：2014年11月雅思报名时间相关推荐：2014年11月雅思考试时间相关推荐：2014年11月雅思成绩查询。
历年专业英语八级考试真题及答案 (19)
A. recoginition of stress signals
—monitor for (6)of stress
—find ways to protect oneself
B. attention to body demand
—effect of (7)
2014年专业英语八级考试真题及答案
PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)
SECTION A MINI-LECTURE
In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE, using no more than three words in each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes while completing the task Use the blank sheet for note-taking.
2014年全国高校西班牙语专业八级水平测试笔试试卷答案(定稿)
34. A 39. A 44. B 49. B
35. C 40. C 45. C 50. B
2014 年全国高校西班牙语专业八级水平测试笔试试卷参考答案 第 1 页 共 4 页
第三部分 阅读理解
测试项目 1 指出所指或动词的主语
每项 0.5 分，20 项，共 10 分。
1. 1) sus: de la fama 2. 2) Sobran: razones 3. 3) Esto: Cada escena ha sido escrita con la intensidad de la vida realmente
gran público. 7. 8) parece: impersonal 8. 9) todos estos tránቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱitos: la represión, el exilio, la pobreza y la enfermedad 9. 10) Sus detectives salvajes: los poetas en Los detectives salvajes; los personajes
2014 年全国高校西班牙语专业八级水平测试笔试试卷参考答案 第 4 页 共 4 页
第二部分 语法和词汇
测试项目 完形填空 每空 0.5 分，20 空，共 10 分。
31. B 36. B 41. A 46. C
32. A 37. B 42. C 47. A
33. C 38. C 43. A 48. C
4. D 9. C 14. B 19. C 24. A 29. B
5. B 10. A 15. C 20. A 25. A 30. B
测试项目 1 西译汉 共 15 分
“你太冲动了，得学会控制自己……”老上司跟我这么说时，我根本没琢磨 这番话，只幻想着怎么当场把他掐死。这说明两个问题：一，我的确很冲动；二， 那批评我一点儿也不受用。他又说：“我这么说是为你好……”，让我更气不打 一处来（火冒三丈）。
2013-2014-1八年级英语十一月份试卷 -
密学校 班级姓名 学号密 封 线 内 不 得 答 题北滩乡教育管理中心2013-2014第一学期八年级英语11月份考试题（总分：120分 时间：120分钟）I. 词汇运用（共10分, 每小题1分） (I)根据句意及汉语提示完成单词(5分)1. The little boy would like to be a_____ (科学家).2. Do more sports to _____ (改善) your health.3. There are too many _____ (建筑物) in this city.4. The teacher often gives some_____ (建议) to us on how to learn English.5. The girl always does her homework_____ (仔细地). (II)用所给词的适当形式填空（5分）6. She_____ (choose) a nice present for her mother and went home.7. Classroom should _________(clean) every day.8. His ambition is _____ (be) an actor in the future.9. The teacher asks us _____ (do) eye exercises every day. 10. He spent 200 yuan ______ (buy) a new sweater. II.单选题(共25分，每小题1分) ( ) 1. She is good at ______A. danceB. to danceC. dancingD. dances( ) 2. Is Lucy’s ambition the same as ________?A. yoursB. myC. yourD. me( ) 3. The bus is coming, you _____play here.A. mustn’tB. may notC. needn’tD. can’t( ) 4. He asked me _____her_____the box.A. helping; carryingB. to help; carryC. helps; carriesD. help; carry( ) 5. It took me one day _____the novel.A. to readB. readingC. readsD. read( ) 6. It______hard to learn to swim.A. isB. thisC. heD. that( ) 7. No matter ______the weather is like, I’ll go with you.A. howB. whenC. whatD. where( ) 8. It’s my turn _______ the floor today.A. sweepingB. sweepsC. to sweepD. sweeped( ) 9. I go to school ________ bus every morning.A. inB. onC. atD. by( )10. —What’s your ambition, Lily?—My ambition is _____ an English teacher. A. get B. to get C. be D. to be( )11. —I’m going to become a doctor when I’m older.—_____. A. So I amB. I am soC. So do ID. So am I( )12. —Hi, Li Lei, you are not happy. What’s the matter with you?—I feel _____. A. strongB. sickC. goodD. beautiful ( )13. I have some problems with my English writing. Can you give me some ________?A. adviceB. decisionsC. informationD. messages( )14. There _____ a film on TV tonight.A. isB. will isC. will haveD. is going to be( )15. Lu Xun was famous _____ his articles, so he was famous _____ awriter.A. for; asB. for; forC. as; asD. as; for( )16. I would like _______ to Mr. Wang. He is really funny.A. talkB. talkingC. to talkD. to talking( )17. There isn’t _______ in today’s newspaper.A. nothing newB. new anythingC. anything newD. something new( )18. There are _______ people in the city.A. million ofB. five millionsC. millions ofD. five million of( )19. Jack is doing his homework _______ his pen.A. useB. withC. inD. by( )20. —How about going shopping on Sunday?—_______.A. Yes, I willB. Thank youC. That’s a good ideaD. Yes, please ( )21. Did it _______ you half an hour _______ this newspaper?A. take; to readB. cost; to readC. use; to readD. take; reading( )22. —Does he know the meaning of the word?—_______. He’d better ask Mr Wang. A. Yes, he doesB. No, he doesn’tC. Yes, he doesn’tD. No, he does( )23. —Do you know the song Gangnam Style ?—Of course. It ________ interesting. A. tastesB. smellsC. soundsD. feels( )24. I usually watch TV at night, but _______ I listen to the radio.A. sometimeB. some timeC. some timesD. sometimes( )25. —Please remember _______ the bag behind the door.—OK, I will.A. to putB. putC. putsD. have putIII. 完成句子（共10分, 每小题2分）1. 我们的老师对我们很好。
2014年11月口语测试
2014年11月口语测试人物A famous sport starAn old person you respectA museumSomeone you think beautiful or handsome事件最近参加的婚礼交通An experience of fixing a broken-down machineAn interesting conversationA good service offered by a restaurant or a companyA project or homework you’ve doneAn event you’ve done with a group of peopleA meal you invented others to your home or restaurantAn experience that you waited for someone elseA traffic jam that you remembered wellSomething you did that’s a waste of timeA kind of activity that is good for your health物品你读的新书A phone app that you often useA handmade gift to your friendThe last book you readSomething you borrowed from your family or friendAn important job for your countrySomething you took home from a foreign country地点An outdoor place that you likeAn interesting building in your hometown特别推荐：Do you want to be a teacher? Do you want to talk about the current situation ofteachers?What activities do Chinese people do in family? What do you do with your famili es during picnic or festival union with families?Do you talk about the experience you have ever been talking with a stranger? Which book do you enjoy to read? What book do people to read now? How do we imp rove the interest of reading books?What season do you like? Do you like to go outside in cold or hot days? What im pact of weatherdoes it have for people’s working?Do you talk about the special meal you took before? Do children and young peopl e have differenttastes of food? What is the different about food in restaurant and home?What type of sports like balls do you like? What is the most popular sports act ivity in China now?Why some people do not want to do sports activity?必须准备的口语题目：Part1Name全名，含义，未来换否, 什么名字在中国比较流行Study or work上学上班？如果上学，问专业如果上班，问这份工作是一直想要的，职责，参加过培训否School说说你的小学/初中/高中，当时最喜欢的学科，不喜欢的学科Hometown哪里，有什么特点地方，近年的变化，未来希望住在什么地方，适合年轻人或老年人居住吗Sunny day喜欢阳光灿烂天气吗，都做什么，去过什么这样地方，阳光天有什么不好吗Part1Rainy day喜欢下雨天吗，中国哪些地区雨多，雨天对人们生活的影响，居住地天气变化快吗Lateness and punctuality经常带手表吗，你自己经常吃到吗，准时重要吗，别人不准时，你什么感觉Public transport居住地的交通如何，公共交通如何，你喜欢什么交通方式，未来如何改善城市交通Trees and forest/plant你居住地的树多吗，中国人喜欢什么树，有著名的森林吗，你爬过树吗？对植物了解多吗，如何种植植物，自己亲自种植过吗？Sleeping几点睡／几点起床，睡前干什么，如果睡不着怎么办，老人需要睡多久Happiness你快乐吗，什么是快乐，快乐和金钱的关系，Living住什么地方，最喜欢哪个房间，现在居住地不好的地方，未来理想居住场所Cooking家里谁做饭多，你会做饭吗，小时候参与过做饭吗，小孩子学cooking重要吗Relatives亲戚多吗，小时候跟亲戚玩多还是邻居多，亲戚和邻居谁更重要，亲戚会因为时间或距离疏远吗Park居住地公园多吗，喜欢去吗，在公园做什么Music喜欢音乐吗，什么类型，有什么特别不喜欢的类型吗，会乐器吗，小孩子应该学吗Shopping and online shopping喜欢购物吗，喜欢在线购物吗，线上购物的好处，问题，线上购物会取代street shopping 吗Clothing喜欢什么衣服，颜色会影响买衣服吗，居住地的衣服贵吗，过去和现在衣服的对比City and countryside你住在大城市还是小城市，最喜欢这个城市什么地方，喜欢郊区吗，去过吗，什么人喜欢住在郊区，未来郊区会有什么变化Sport中国流行什么sport，会参加专项体育训练（学习）吗，体育明星值得做榜样吗Cycling喜欢骑自行车吗，自行车在中国流行吗，自行车的好处，自行车会越来越多，还是少？Dictionary用字典多吗，字典重要吗，为什么，喜欢纸版的还是电子版本的Politeness礼貌重要吗，谁教会你礼貌，什么场合需要礼貌Concentration注意力重要吗，你的注意力好吗，如何培养注意力Patience耐心重要吗，你的耐心如何，如何培养好的耐心Busy or not喜欢忙还是闲，什么时候最忙，忙的时候有压力吗Language学习英语难吗，除了英语还会其他第二语言吗，为学习外语而做过哪些事情Toy童年喜欢什么玩具，现在玩具和过去的区别，为什么一些成年人保留玩具Advertisement家乡的广告多吗，你怎么看广告？你容易受到广告影响吗？History什么时候开始学习历史，喜欢吗，通过网络学习历史吗，最喜欢的历史人物或事件Train喜欢搭乘火车吗，中国火车多吗，在搭乘火车时遇到的有趣的事情Daily Routines每天做什么，最喜欢一天中什么时间，早中晚，喜欢在这个时间段做什么你有什么好习惯吗，中国人有什么习惯，谁教会你好习惯Walking喜欢散步吗，去哪里散步，散步的好处,中国人喜欢散步吗Photography喜欢摄影吗，问什么，摄影师是不错的职业吗，纸照片和电子照片区别？现在什么都用ps 了，未来还会有人喜欢摄影吗？Painting and drawing喜欢绘画吗，有绘画技巧吗，小孩子要学习吗，好处TV program喜欢看电视吗，什么类型节目，什么电视节目在中国流行，老年人和年轻人看电视区别Birthday生日当天做什么，生日对于你目前还重要吗，中国人过生日的习惯Party经常参加party吗，什么party多，最近一次参加party的习惯Animal你养宠物吗，中国人养什么宠物，你喜欢去动物园吗，小孩子去动物园的好处Computer and internet平时用电脑多吗，上网都干什么，网络给人们生活带来什么影响Mobile phone用手机多吗，更喜欢打电话还是发短信，未来电话会被取代吗News通常如何获取新闻，喜欢什么类型新闻（national/international/local）Boating喜欢划船吗，在哪儿，什么时候，划船的好处Dancing学习过跳舞吗，中国什么舞蹈流行，老年人跳什么，传统舞蹈如何传承Part2A person in historyHouse movingAn intelligent personA comic actor/actressA future plan you haveA family businessA science classA film you dislikeA TV program you like/dislikeA competition you took part inAn ancient/old buildingA restaurant impressing you a lotA place where you learnt about a new cultureAn antique or old object your family has kept for a long time Something you saved money forA recent change to your lifeA difficult time you went throughSomething you forgot （物品）/Something you forgot to do(事件) A training course you hadA positive event in your teenager timeA subject you disliked in high schoolAn old man you enjoy talking toA famous/successful person in your countryA friend you haven’t met for a long timeSomeone with an important jobA stranger who helped you/who you helpedSomeone who paid you a visit at your home recentlyFavorite singer/musician/music bandA foreign place(been to/want to go to)A city (been to/want to go to/important city in your country)A place you go for musicA park or garden you likeA beautiful flat or house you visitedA room you spent a lot of time inA book( you read for many times/you want to read again)A photo which you are inAn important letter or email you receivedA popular product made in your countryAn electronic equipment (not computer) you bought for your home A piece of clothing (in important situation)A historic eventA childhood storyA sport event/something good for healthA performance you watchedA conversation with a strangerYour favorite season or time in a yearA decision taking a long time to makeA group activity you took part inExperience of moving to a new place to liveA party you want to throwA job you’d like to tryA radio program you likeA useful website you often browseAn advertisement。
11月8日托福口语真题第一套题
2014年11月08日托福口语真题第一套题智课网整理Task 1: Talk about the most important characteristics of a good apartment or house. Explain your answer in details.SampleI think a good apartment must have the following characteristics. First, it must be clean and well managed. This is important, because hundreds of families live in the same building. The place can be easily infested with pests if no one spends the time and energy to keep it clean. I used to live in a place that had bug problems. It’s horrible seeing cockroaches running across the kitchen floor. Second, a good apartment or house must be located at a safe neighborhood. I’d like to be able to sleep in a nice and peaceful environment at night without worrying about getting robbed.Task 2: When spending time with friends, some people prefer going to concerts, others prefer going to movies. Which do you prefer?SampleI like watching movies with my friends for the following reasons. First, movies are inexpensive. For around ten dollars, you get a good two-hour worth of entertainment. Even if you buy popcorns and soda with the tickets, the cost is still not that bad. On the other hand, concert tickets sometimes reach as high as a hundred dollars. It’s far less affordable, especially for students. Second, going to concerts is a pain in the neck. You have to spend so much time looking for a parking space nearby, if you’re lucky. Then you have to walk to the stadium, look for the seat, only to find out you’re sitting so far away from the stage that you can’t even s ee the band.2014年11月08日大陆BTask 1: Your city is planning to spend more budget on one of the following three projects, which do you think is the most important. Expending tourism, building city parks, improving the public transportation system.SampleI think my city should spend some money on building city parks. First, I live in Beijing. The city is filled with people, cars, buildings and roads. It so crowded and packed. If there’re more parks, people will have somewhere to go during weekends to relax and exercise. Second, parks are full of trees and plants. They are good for the environment. As we know plants reduce air pollution. And they are pleasing to look at. Parks can also provide children with a safe space to play. Children need to socialize. A closed environment such as a park is the perfect place to do so.Task 2: Some people prefer to get high paying jobs that are far away from their hometown. Others prefer jobs with average pay but closer to their homes. Which do you think is better?SampleI prefer to work close to home with an average pay for the following reasons. First, Being closer to family and friend is nice. It’s easier for us to get together every week. When any of us gets sick or needs help, we can take care of each other without much difficulty. For example, my parents can help me look after my dogs when I’m too busy working. Second, an average salary isn’t a bad thing. I don’t need a big house or fancy car to feel good about myself. I don’t need a new iPhone every time they make one to feel whole. I’m good as long as my salary can cover the basic of my needs such as food and shelter.T31.Reading: The school will punish students who don’t throwtrash in trash cans.The woman agrees.Reason: His hometown was dirty. With this new policy, his hometown became clean. In this way, school doesn’t need to hire cleaners.2.Reading: school will invite a business leader to give a speechon graduation ceremony.The woman disagrees.Reason1: A lot of schools have done so. It’s better to invite a professor to give a speech.Reason2: Business program is a large program where has a lot of similar speeches.T41.Lecture: a family spent weekend at home. The father suggested to go to the downtown and have dinner. His wife and daughter took his advice and went to downtown in order not to disappoint him, but they didn’t have a good time. Then, everyone said their real thinking.2.Term: Impassion managementLecture:Example 1: When a student gives a presentation, the student will be well dressed to make others think that they are serious and well prepared.Example 2: The professor once gave a ride to the president of the United States. He did not know that’s president in the first place. After known that, he washed his car, and turned on classical music, although he did not like classical music.Task 51.The man will help the chemical professor to finish a research,but there’s no pay.Solution 1: He can take another job, but he needs to work for a whole day.Solution2: He can share the internship with others, but he worried that may not learn a lot。
英语专八口试参考答案
英语专八口试参考答案一、自我介绍尊敬的考官，您好。
我是一名来自XX大学的英语专业学生，专业编号为XXXX。
在过去的四年学习中，我不仅系统地学习了英语语言知识，还积极参与了各种英语演讲和辩论活动，以提高我的口语表达能力。
我对英语有着浓厚的兴趣，并且一直致力于成为一名优秀的英语教育工作者。
二、话题讨论题目：全球化对教育的影响全球化是一个不可逆转的趋势，它对教育领域产生了深远的影响。
首先，全球化促进了教育资源的共享。
通过网络，学生可以接触到世界各地的教育资源，这极大地拓宽了他们的视野。
其次，全球化也带来了教育的竞争。
不同国家和地区的教育体系和方法在相互比较中不断优化和改进。
然而，全球化也带来了一些挑战，比如文化冲突和本土文化的保护问题。
我们应该在积极吸收外来文化的同时，也要注重本土文化的传承和发展。
三、观点阐述题目：网络教育与传统教育的优劣网络教育具有时间和空间的灵活性，可以让学生根据自己的节奏和时间安排学习。
此外，网络资源丰富，可以提供多样化的学习材料。
然而，网络教育缺乏面对面的互动和即时反馈，这可能会影响学习效果。
相比之下，传统教育可以提供更加系统的课程安排和面对面的交流机会，有助于学生更好地理解和掌握知识。
但是，传统教育的资源和时间相对有限。
因此，我认为网络教育和传统教育各有优势，应该根据个人需求和学习习惯进行选择。
四、角色扮演情景：你是一家公司的人力资源经理，需要面试一位应聘者。
面试官：您好，欢迎来到我们公司参加面试。
请先简单介绍一下自己。
应聘者：您好，我是XX，毕业于XX大学，专业是英语。
我对贵公司的职位非常感兴趣，希望能够加入并贡献我的力量。
面试官：很好，您在简历中提到有丰富的实习经验，能否具体谈谈？应聘者：当然可以。
我在XX公司实习期间，负责了XX项目，通过这次经历，我学会了团队合作和项目管理的技巧。
面试官：听起来您的经历很丰富。
最后一个问题，您认为自己最大的优势是什么？应聘者：我认为我最大的优势是适应能力强，能够快速学习新知识，并将其应用到实际工作中。
【VIP专享】2014专业八级
TEM-8 (2014)听力试题 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section,you will hear a mini-lecture.You willhear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, takenotes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given twominutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE， using no more than three words in each gap. Make sure theword(s)you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes while completing the task. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. Now listen to the mini-lecture. SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to theinterview betweenOscar winning actress Angelina JolieandCianons Andrew Damon Now listen to the interview. 1.What is the main purpose of Angelina's visit to Iraq? [A] To draw attention to the refugee crisis. [B] To look after refugees in Iraq. [C] To work for U.N.H.C.R. [D] To work out a plan for refugees. 2.From the interview we know that Angelina _________. [A] was strongly opposed to officials’ opinions [B] thought young kids should be givenpriority [C] was much worried about the lack of action [D] proposed that policies be made promptly 3.Which of the following BEST explains what the global community should do? [A] To supenise the construction of schools. [B] To take prompt and effective actions. [C] To provide water and power supply. [D] To prevent instability and aggression. 4.Accorciing to Angelina, what is the key issue in solving the refugee problem? [A] The current situation in Iraq. [B] The politics in the Middle East [C] Refugees returning to normal life. [D]International and domestic efforts. 5.Angelina saw her trip to Iraq significant because she could_________. [A] help others know where the problems were [B] help bring NGOs back to the region [C] talk to different people there [D] read theofficial papers SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST In this section you will hear everything ONCEONLY.Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to eachquestion on your coloured answer sheet. Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will begiven 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news. 6.What is the main idea of the news item? [A] Alitalia's attempt to help Wind Jet out. [B] Cancellation of flights at Rome Airport [C] Problems caused by Wind Jet's cash shortage. [D] Expected changes of Wind JefsflightdesUnations. Question 7 and 8 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, youwill be given 20 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news. 7.What did the researchers discover in northern Kenya? [A] A human tooth. [B] A human skull. [C] Three species of humans. [D] Three human fossils. 8.What was the significance of the discovery? [A] Tlie findings were publislied in Nature. [B] It supported an existing assumption. [C] Most research questions were answered. [D] More research efforts were encouraged. Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, youwill be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news. 9.The airport originally decided to cover up tlie poster because __________ [A] some international travellers complained [B] the art exhibition was to be postponed [C] other artists works were absent from ads [D] real-life models would appear on the scene 10.What was the reaction of the National Galleries of Scotland? [A]Horrified. [B] Indignant. [C] Surprised. [D] Outraged.PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)TEXT A My class at Harvard Business School helps students understand what good management theory is and how it is built. In each session, we look at one company through the lenses of different theories, using them to explain how the company got into its situation and to examine what action will yield the needed results. On the last day of class, I asked my class to turn those theoretical lenses on themselves to find answers to two questions: First, How can I be sure I’ll be happy in my career? Second, How can I be sure my relationships with my spouse and my family will become an enduring source of happiness? Here are some management tools that can be used to help you lead a purposeful life. 1. Use Your Resources Wisely. Your decisions about allocating your personal time, energy, and talent shape your life’s strategy. I have a bunch of “businesses”that compete for these resources: I’m trying to have a rewarding relationship with my wife, raise great kids, contribute to my community, succeed in my career, and contribute to my church. And I have exactly the same problem that a corporation does. I have a limited amount of time, energy and talent. How much do I devote to each of these pursuits? Allocation choices can make your life turn out to very different from what you intended. Sometimes that’s good: opportunities that you have never planned for emerge. Butif you don’t invest your resources wisely, the outcome can be bad. As I think about my former classmates who inadvertently invested in lives of hollow unhappiness, I can’t help believing that their troubles related right back to a short-term perspective. When people with a high need for achievement have an extra half hour of time or an extra ounce of energy,they’ll unconsciously allocate it to activities that yieldthe most tangible accomplishments. Our careers provide the most concrete evidence that we’re moving forward. You ship a product, finish a design, complete a presentation, close a sale teach a class, publish a paper, get paid, get promoted. In contrast, investing time and energy in your relationships with your spouse and children typically doesn’t offer the same immediate sense of achievement. Kids misbehave every day. It’s really not until 20 years down the road that you can say, “I raised a good son or a good daughter.” You can neglect your relationship with your spouse and on a daily basis it doesn’t seem as if thing are deteriorating. People who are driven to excel have this unconscious propensity to under invest in their families and overinvest in their careers, even though intimate and loving family relationships are the most powerful and enduring source of happiness. If you study the root causes of business disasters, over and over you’ll find this predisposition toward endeavors that offer immediate gratification. If you look at personal lives through that lens, you’ll see that same stunning and sobering pattern: people allocating fewer andfewer resources to the things they would have once said mattered most. 2. Create A Family Culture. It’s one thing to see into the foggy future with a acuity and chart the course corrections a company must make. But it’s quite another to persuade employees to line up and work cooperatively to take the company in that new direction. When there is little agreement, you have to use “power tools” – coercion, threats, punishments and so on, to secure cooperation. But if employee’s ways of working together succeed over and over, consensus begins to form. Ultimately, people don’t even think about whether their way yields success. They embrace priorities and follow procedures by instinct and assumption rather than byexplicit decision, which means that they’ve created a culture. Culture, in compelling but unspoken ways, dictates the proven, acceptable methods by which member s of a group address recurrent problems. And culture defines thepriority given to different types of problems. It can be a powerful management tool. I use this model to address the question, How can I be my family becomes an enduring source of happiness? My students quickly see that the simplest way parents canelicit cooperation from children is to wield power tools. But there comes a point during the teen years when power tools no longer work. At that point, parents start wishing they had begun working with their children at a very young age to build a culture in which children instinctively behave respectfully toward one another, obey their parents, and choose the right thing to do. Families have cultures, just a companies do. Those cultures can be built consciously. If you want your kids to have strong self-esteem and the confidence that they can solve hard problems, those qualities won’t magically materialize in high school. You have to design them into family’s culture and you have think about this very early on. Like employees, children build self-esteem by doing things that are hard and learning what works. 11. According to the author, the key to successful allocation of resources in your life depends on whether youA. can manage your time wellB. have long-term planningC. are lucky enough to have new opportunitiesD. can solve both company and family problems 12. What is the role of the statement “Our careers provide the most concrete evidence that we’re moving forward” with reference to the previous statement in the paragraph?A. To offer further explanationB. To provide a definitionC. To present a contrastD. To illustrate career development 13. According to the author, a common cause of failure in business and family relationships isA. lack of planningB. short-sightednessC. shortage of resourcesD. decision by instinct 14. According to the author, when does culture begin to emerge A. When people decide what and how to do by instinct B. When people realize the importance of consensus C. When people as a group decide how to succeed D. When people use “power tools” to reach agreement 15. One of the similarities between company culture and family culture is thatA. problem-solving ability is essentialB. cooperation is the foundationC. respect and obedience are key elementsD. culture needs to be nurtured Text B It was nearly bed-time and when they awoke next morning land would be in sight. Dr. Macphail lit his pipe and, leaning over the rail, searched the heavens for the Southern Cross. After two years at the front and a wound that had taken longer to heal than it should, he was glad to settle down quietly at Apia (阿皮亚，西萨摩亚首都) for twelve months at least, and he felt already better for the journey. Since some of the passengers were leaving the ship next day at Pago-Pago they had had a little dance thatevening and in his ears hammered still the harsh notes of the mechanical piano. But the deck was quiet at last. A little way off he saw his wife in a long chair talking with the Davidsons, and he strolled over to her. When he sat down under the light and took off his hat you saw that he had very red hair, with a bald patch on the crown, and the red, freckled skin which accompanies red hair; he was a man of forty, thin, with a pinched face, precise and rather pedantic; and he spoke with a Scots accent in a very low, quiet voice. Between the Macphails and the Davidsons, who were missionaries, there had arisen the intimacy of shipboard, which is due to propinquity rather than to any community of taste. Their chief tie was the disapproval they shared of the men who spent their days and nights in the smoking-room playing poker or bridge and drinking. Mrs. Macphail was not a little flattered to think that she and her husband were the only people on board with whom the Davidsons were willing to associate, and even the doctor, shy but no fool, half unconsciously acknowledged the compliment. It was only because he was of an argumentative mind that in their cabin at night he permitted himself to carp (唠叨). ‘Mrs. Davidson was saying she didn’t know how they’d have got through the journey if it hadn’t been for us,’ said Mrs. Macphail, as she neatly brushed out her transformation (假发). ‘She said we were really the only people on the ship they cared to know.’ ‘I shouldn’t have thought a missionary was such a big bug (要人、名士) that he could afford to put on frills (摆架子).’ ‘It’s not frills. I quite understand what she means. It wouldn’t have been very nice for the Davidsons to have to mix with all that rough lot in the smoking-room.’‘The founder of their religion wasn’t so exclusive,’ said Dr. Macphail with a chuckle.‘I’ve asked you over and over again not to joke about religion,’ answered his wife. ‘I shouldn’t like to have a nature like yours, Alec. You never look for the best in people.’ He gave her a sidelong glance with his pale, blue eyes, but did not reply. After many years of married life he had learned that it was more conducive to peace to leave hiswife with the last word. He was undressed before she was, and climbing into the upper bunk he settled down to read himself to sleep. When he came on deck next morning they were close to land. He looked at it with greedy eyes. There was a thin strip of silver beach rising quickly to hills covered to the top with luxuriant vegetation. The coconut trees, thick and green, came nearly to the water’s edge, and among them you saw the grass houses of the Samoaris (萨摩亚人); and here and there, gleaming white, a little church. Mrs. Davidson came and stood beside him. She was dressed in black, and wore round her neck a gold chain, from which dangled a small cross. She was a little woman, with brown, dull hair very elaborately arranged, and she had prominent blue eyes behind invisible pince-nez (夹鼻眼镜). Her face was long, like a sheep’s, but she gave no impression of foolishness, rather of extreme alertness; she had the quick movements of a bird. The most remarkable thing about her was her voice, high, metallic, and without inflection; it fell on the ear with a hard monotony, irritating to the nerves like the pitiless clamour of the pneumatic drill.‘This must seem like home to you,’ said Dr. Macphail, with his thin, difficult smile.‘Ours are low islands, you know, not like these. Coral. These are volcanic. We’ve got another ten days'' journeyto reach them.’ ‘In these parts that’s almost like being in the next street at home,’ said Dr. Macphail facetiously. ‘Well, that’s rather an exaggerated way of putting it, but one does look at distances differently in the J South Seas. So far you’re right.’ Dr. Macphail sighed faintly. 16. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that Dr. MacphailA. preferred quietness to noiseB. enjoyed the sound of the mechanical pianoC. was going back to his hometownD. wanted to befriend the Davidsons 17. The Macphails and the Davidsons were in each other’e company because theyA. had similar experienceB. liked each otherC. shared dislike for some passengersD. had similar religious belief 18. Which of the following statements best DESCRIBES Mrs. Macphail?A. She was good at making friendsB. She was prone to quarrelling with her husbandC. She was skillful in dealing with strangersD. She was easy to get along with. 19. All the following adjectives can be used to depict Mrs. Davidson EXCEPTA. arrogantB. unapproachableC. unpleasantD.irritable 20. Which of the following statements about Dr. Macphail is INCORRECT?A. He was sociable.B. He was intelligent.C. He was afraid of his wife.D. He was fun of the Davidsons.Text C Today we make room for a remarkably narrow range of personality styles. We're told that to be great is to be bold, to be happy is to be sociable. We see ourselves as a nation of extroverts—which means that we've lost sight of who we really are. One-third to one-half of Americans are introverts—in the other words, one out of every two or three people you know. If you're not an introvert yourself, you are surely raising, managing, married to, or coupled with one. If these statistics surprise you, that's probably because so many people pretend to be extroverts. Closet introverts pass undetected on playgrounds, in high school locker rooms, and in the corridors of corporate America. Some fool even themselves, until some life event---a layoff, an empty nest, an inheritance that frees them to spend time as they like---jolts them into taking stock of their true natures. You have only to raise this subject with yourfriends and acquaintances to find that the most unlikely people consider themselves introverts. It makes sense that so many introverts hide even from themselves. We live with a value system that I call the Extrovert Ideal— the omnipresent belief that the idealself is gregarious, alpha, and comfortable in the spotlight. The archetypal extrovert prefers action to contemplation, risk-taking to heed-taking, certainty to doubt. He favors quick decisions, even at the risk of being wrong. She works well in teams and socializes in groups. We like to thinkthat we value individuality, but all too often we admireone type of individual—— the kind who's comfortable "putting himself out there." Sure, we allow technologically gifted loners who launch companies in garages to have any personality they please, but they are the exceptions, not the rule, and our tolerance extends mainly to those who get fabulously wealthy or hold the promise of doing so. Introversion---along with its cousins sensitivity, seriousness, and shyness---is now a second-classpersonality trait, somewhere between a disappointment and a pathology. Introverts living under the Extrovert Ideal arelike women in a man's world, discounted because of a trait that goes to the core of who they are. Extroversion is an enormously appealing personality style, but we've turned it into an oppressive standard to which most of us feel we must conform. The Extrovert Ideal has been documented in many studies, though this research has never been grouped under a single name. Talkative people, for example, are rated as smarter, better-looking, more interesting, and more desirable as friends. Velocity of speech counts as well as volume: we rank fast talkers as more competent and likable than slow ones. Even the word introvert is stigmatized---one informal study, by psychologist Laurie Helgoe, found that introverts described their own physical appearance in vivid language, but when asked to describe generic introverts they drew a bland and distasteful picture. But we make a grave mistake to embrace the Extrovert Ideal so unthinkingly. Some of our greatest ideas, art, and inventions---from the theory of evolution to van Gogh's sunflowers to the personal computer---came from quiet andcerebral people who knew how to tune in to their inner worlds and the treasures to be found there. 21. According to the author, there exists, as far as personality styles are concerned, a discrepancy betweenA. what people say they can do and what they actually canB. what society values and what people pretend to beC. what people profess and what statistics showD. what people profess and what they hide from others 22. The ideal extrovert is described as being all the following EXCEPTA. doubtfulB. sociableC. determinedD. bold 23. According to the author, our society only permits ___ to have whatever personality they like.A. the youngB. the ordinaryC. the artisticD. therich 24. According to the passage, which of the following statements BEST reflects the author’s opinion? A. Introversion is seen as an inferior trait because of its association with sensitivity. B. Extroversion is arbitrary forced by society as a norm upon people. C. Introverts are generally regarded as either unsuccessful or as deficient. D. Extroversion and introversion have similar personality trait profiles. 25. The author winds up the passage with a____ note.A. cautiousB. warningC. positiveD. humorous Text D Speaking two languages rather than just one has obvious practical benefits in an increasingly globalized world. But in recent years, scientists have begun to show that the advantages of bilingualism are even more fundamental than being able to converse with a wider range of people. Being bilingual, it turns out, makes you smarter. It can have a profound effect on your brain, improving cognitive skillsnot related to language and even shielding against dementia in old age. This view of bilingualism is remarkably different from the understanding of bilingualism through much of the 20th century. Researchers, educators and policy makers long considered a second language to be an interference, cognitively speaking, that hindered a child’s academic and intellectual development. They were not wrong about the interference: there is ample evidence that in a bilingual’s brain both language systems are active even when he is using only one language, thus creating situations in which one system obstructs the other. But this interference, researchers are finding out, isn’t so much a handicap as a blessing in disguise. It forces the brain to resolve internal conflict, giving the mind a workout that strengthens its cognitive muscles. The collective evidence from a number of such studies suggests that the bilingual experience improves thebrain’s so-called executive function ?a command systemthat directs the attention processes that we use for planning, solving problems and performing various othermentally demanding tasks. These processes include ignoring distractions to stay focused, switching attention willfully from one thing to another and holding information in mind ?like remembering a sequence of directions while driving. Why does the tussle between two simultaneously active language systems improve these aspects of cognition? Until recently, researchers thought the bilingual advantage stemmed primarily from an ability for inhibition that was honed by the exercise of suppressing one language system: this suppression, it was thought, would help train the bilingual mind to ignore distractions in other contexts. But that explanation increasingly appears to be inadequate, since studies have shown that bilinguals perform better than monolinguals even at tasks that do not require inhibition, like threading a line through an ascending series of numbers scattered randomly on a page. The key difference between bilinguals and monolinguals may be more basic: a heightened ability to monitor the environment. “Bilinguals have to switch languages quite often ?you may talk to your father in one language and to your mother in another language,” says Albert Costa, aresearcher at the University of PompeuFabra in Spain. “It requires keeping track of changes around you in the same way that we monitor our surroundings when driving.” In a study comparing German-Italian bilinguals with Italian monolinguals on monitoring tasks, Mr. Costa and his colleagues found that the bilingual subjects not only performed better, but they also did so with less activityin parts of the brain involved in monitoring, indicating that they were more efficient at it. The bilingual experience appears to influence the brain from infancy to old age (and there is reason to believethat it may also apply to those who learn a second language later in life). 26. According to the passage, the more recent and old views of bilingualism differ mainly inA. its practical advantagesB. its role in cognitionC. perceived language fluencyD. its role in medicine 27. The fact that interference is now seen as a blessing in disguise means thatA. it has led to unexpectedly favourable resultsB. its potential benefits have remained undiscovered C. its effects on cognitive development have been minimal D. only a few researchers have realized its advantages 28. What is the role of Paragraph Four in relation to Paragraph Three?A. It provides counter evidence to Paragraph Three.B.It offers another example of the role of interference. C. It serves as a transitional paragraph in the passage.D. It further illustrates the point in Paragraph Three. 29. Which of the following can account for better performance of bilinguals in doing non-inhibition tasks?A. An ability to monitor surroundings.B. An ability to ignore distractions.C. An ability to perform with less effort.D. Anability to exercise suppression. 30. What is the main theme of the passage?A. Features of bilinguals and monolinguals.B. Interference and suppression.C. Bilinguals and monitoring tasks.D. Reasons why bilinguals are smarter.PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) 31. Which of the following is the French-speaking city in Canada?A. VancouverB. OttawaC. MontrealD. Toronto 32. Which of the following are natives of New Zealand?A. The MaorisB. The AboriginalsC.The Red IndiansD. The Eskimos 33. The established or national church in England isA. the Roman Catholic ChurchB. the United Reformed ChurchC. the Anglican ChurchD. the Methodist Church 34. The 13 former British colonies in North America declared independence from Great Britain inA. 1774B. 1775C. 1776D. 1777 35. “Grace under pressure” is an outstanding virtue of ____ heroes.A. Scott Fitzgerald’sB. Ernest Hemingway’sC. Eugene O’Neill’sD. William Faulkner’s 36. Widowers’ House was written byA. William Butler YeatsB. George Bernard ShawC. John GalsworthyD. T. S. Eliot 37. Who wrote The Canterbury Tales?A. William ShakespeareB. William BlakeC. Geoffrey ChaucerD. John Donne 38. Which of the following pairs of words are homophones?A. wind (v.) / wind (n.)B. suspect (v.) / suspect (n.)C. convict (v.) / convict (n.)D. bare (adj.) / bear (v.) 39. Which of the following sentences has the “S+V+O” structure?A. He died a hero.B. I went to London.C. Mary enjoyed parties.D. She became angry. 40. Which of the following CAN NOT be used as an adverbial?A. The lion’s shareB. Heart and soul.C. Null and void.D. Hammer and tongs. PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s. There is a high level of agreement that the following questions (1) ______ have possessed the most attention of researchers inthis area: (2) ______ l Is it possible to acquire an additional language in the same sense one acquires a first language? (3) ______ l What is the explanation for the fact adults have (4) ______ more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have? l What motivates people to acquire additional language? l What is the role of the language teaching in the (5) ______ acquisition of additional languages? l What social-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying the learning of additional languages? From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (6) ______ the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far have one thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiring。
专业英语八级真题2014年(暂缺听力音频)
专业英语八级真题2014年(暂缺听力音频)(总分：110.00，做题时间：195分钟)一、PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN) (总题数：1，分数：10.00) HowtoReduceStressLifeisfullofthingsthatcauseusstress.Thoughwemaynotlikestress,wehavetolivewithit.I.Definitionofstress A.(1)_____reaction i.e.forceexertedbetweentwotouchingbodiesB.humanreaction i.e.responseto(2)_____onsomeone e.g.increaseinbreathing,heartrate,(3)_____. II.(4)______ A.positivestress Whereitoccurs:Christmas,wedding,(5)______ B.negativestress Whereitoccurs:test-takingsituations,friend?sdeath III.WaystocopewithstressA.recognitionofstresssignals --monitorfor(6)_____ofstress --findwaystoprotectoneselfB.attentiontobodydemand --effectof(7)______C.planningandactingappropriately--reasonforplanning --(8)_____ofplanning D.learningto(9)_____ --e.g.delaycausedbytraffic E.pacingactivities --manageabletask --(10)______HowtoReduceStressLifeisfullofthingsthatcauseusstress.Thoughwemaynotlikestress,wehavetolivewithit.I.Definitionofstress A.(1)_____reaction i.e.forceexertedbetweentwotouchingbodiesB.humanreaction i.e.responseto(2)_____onsomeone e.g.increaseinbreathing,heartrate,(3)_____. II.(4)______ A.positivestress Whereitoccurs:Christmas,wedding,(5)______ B.negativestress Whereitoccurs:test-takingsituations,friend?sdeath III.WaystocopewithstressA.recognitionofstresssignals --monitorfor(6)_____ofstress --findwaystoprotectoneselfB.attentiontobodydemand --effectof(7)______C.planningandactingappropriately--reasonforplanning --(8)_____ofplanning D.learningto(9)_____ --e.g.delaycausedbytraffic E.pacingactivities --manageabletask --(10)______（分数：10.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：physical）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：a demand）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：blood pressure）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Category）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：a job）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：signals）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：body）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：advantage）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：accept）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：reasonable speed）解析：二、SECTION B INTERVIEW (总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）(1).WhatisthemainpurposeofAngeline'svisittoIraq? （分数：1.00）A.To look after refugees in Iraq.B.To draw attention to the refugee crisis.C.To work for U.N.H.C.R.D.Toworkoutaplanforrefugees. √解析：(2).FromtheinterviewweknowthatAngelina __________ . （分数：1.00）A.was strongly opposed to officials?opinionsB.thought young kids should be given priorityC.proposed that policies be made promptlyD.was much worried about the lack of action √解析：(3).WhichofthefollowingBESTexplainswhattheglobalcommunityshoulddo? （分数：1.00）A.To take prompt and effective actions. √B.To supervise the construction of schools.C.To provide water and power supply.D.To prevent instability and aggression.解析：(4).AccordingtoAngelina,whatisthekeyissueinsolvingtherefugeeproblem? （分数：1.00）A.The current situation in Iraq.B.The politics in the Middle East.C.Refugees returning to normal life. √D.International and domestic efforts.解析：(5).AngelinasacktothesawhertriptoIraqsignificantbecauseshecould __________ . （分数：1.00）A.help others know where the problems wereB.help bring NGOs back to the regionC.talk to different people there √D.read the official papers解析：三、SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST (总题数：3，分数：6.00)1.Question6isbasedonthefollowingnews.attheendofnewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequ estion.Nowlistentothenews.Question6isbasedonthefollowingnews.attheendofnewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswertheques tion.Nowlistentothenews.whatisthemainideaofthenewsitem? （分数：2.00）A.Alitalia?s attempt to help Wind Jet out.B.Cancellation of flights at Rome Airport. √C.Problems caused by Wind Jet?s cash shortage.D.Expected changes of Wind.解析：Questions7and8arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofnewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswert hequestion.Nowlistentothenews.Questions7and8arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofnewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswert hequestion.Nowlistentothenews.（分数：2.00）(1).WhatdidtheresearchersdiscoverinnorthernKenya? （分数：1.00）A.Three species of humans.B.Three human fossils. √C.A human skull.D.A human tooth.解析：(2).Whatwasthesignificanceofthediscovery? （分数：1.00）A.The finding were published in Nature.B.More research efforts were encouraged.C.Most research questions were answered.D.It support an existing assumption. √解析：Questions9and10arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofnewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswer thequestion.Nowlistentothenews.（分数：2.00）(1).Theairportoriginallydecidedtocoveruptheposterbecause_______. （分数：1.00）A.some international travelers complainer √B.the art exhibition was to be postponedC.otherartists?workswereabsentfromadsD.real-lifemodelswouldappearonthescene解析：(2).WhatwasthereactionoftheNationalGalleriesofScotland? （分数：1.00）A.HorrifiedB.IndignantC.Surprised √D.Outraged解析：四、PARTIIREADINGCOMPREHENSION(30MIN) (总题数：4，分数：20.00)TextA MyclassatHarvardBusinessSchoolhelpsstudentsunderstandwhatgoodmanagementtheoryisandhowitisbui lt..Ineachsession,welookatonecompanythroughthelensesofwhatactionswillyieldtheneededresults.O nthelastdayofclass,Iaskmystudenttoturnthosetheoreticallessononthemselvestofindanswerstotwoqu estionsFirst,HowcanIbesureI'llhappyinmycareer?Second,HowcanIbesuremyrelationshipswithmyspous eandmyfamilywillbecomeanenduringsourceofhappiness?Howaresomemanagementtoolsthatcanbeusedtohe lpyoulesdapurposefullife.1USEYOURRESOURCESWISELY.Yourdecisionsaboutallocationyourpersonaltime,energy,andtalentshapeyo urlife?sstrategy.Ihaveabunchof“businesses”thatcompetefortheseresources:I?mtryingtohavea rew ardingrelationshipwithmywife,raisegreatkids,contributetomycommunity,succeedinmycareer,andcon tributetomychurch.AndIhaveexactlythesameproblemthatacorporationdoes.Ihavealimitedamountoftim e,energy,andtalent.HowmuchdoIdevotetoeachofthosepursuits? Allocationchoicescanmakeyourlifeturnouttobeverydifferentfromwhatyouintendedsometimesthat?sgo od:Opportunitiesthatyouneverplannedforemerge.Butifyoudon?tinvestyourresourceswisely,theoutco memakecanbebad.AsIthinkaboutpeoplewhoinadvertentlyinvestedinlivesofhollowunhappiness,Ican?th elpbelievingthattheirtroublesrelaterightbacktoashort-termperspective. Whenpeoplewithahighneedforachievementhaveaanextrahalfhouroftimeoranextraounceofenergy,they?l lunconsciouslyallocateittoactivitiesthatyieldthemosttangibleaccomplishment.Ourcareersprovide themostconcreteevidencethatwe’removingforward.Youshipaproduct,finishadesign,completeapresen tation,closeasale,teachaclass,publishapaper,getpaid,getpromoted.Incontrast,investingtimeande nergyinyourrelationshipwithyourspouseandchildrentypicallydoesn?tofferthatsameimmediatesenseo fachievement.Kidsmisbehaveeveryday.It?sreallynotuntil20yearsdowntheroadthatyoucansay,“Irais edagoodsonorgooddaughter.”Youcanneglectyourrelationshipwithyourspouse,andonadailybasisitdoe sn?tseemasifthingsaredeteriorating.Peoplewhoaredriventoexcelhavethisunconsciouspropensitytou nderinvestintheirfamiliesandoverinvestintheircareers,eventhoughintimateandlovingfamilyrelati onshiparethemostpowerfulandsourceofhappiness.Ifyoustudytherootcauseofbusinessdisasters,overandoveryou?llfindthispredispositiontowardendeavorsthatofferimmediategratification.Ifyoulookatpersonallivesthroughthatlens,you?llseethesame stunningandsoberingpattern:peopleallocatingfewerandfewerresourcestothethingstheywouldhaveonc esaidmatteredmost.2CREATEAFAMILYCULTURE.It?sonethingtoseeintothefoggyfuturewithacuityandchartthecoursecorrecti onacompanymusttake.Butit?squiteanothertopersuadeemployeestolineupandworkcooperativelytotaket hecompanyinthatnewdirection.Whenthereislittleagreement,youhavetouse“powertools”-coercion,threats,punishment,andsoon,to securecooperation.Butifemployees?waysofworkingtogethersucceedoverandover,consensusbeginstofo rm.Ultimately,peopledon?teventhinkaboutwhethertheirwayyieldssuccess.Theyembraceprioritiesand followproceduresbyinstinctandassumptionratherthanbyexplicitdecision,whichmeansthatthey?vecre atedaculture.Culture,incompellingbutunspokenways,dictatestheproven,acceptablemethodsbywhichm embersofagroupaddressrecurrentproblems.Andculturedefinestheprioritygiventodifferenttypesofpr oblems.Itcanbeapowerfulmanagementtool.Iusethismodeltoaddressthequestion,HowcanIbesuremyfamilybecomesanenduringsourceofhappiness?My studentsquicklyseethatthesimplestwayparentscanelicitcooperationfromchildrenistowieldpowertoo ls.Buttherecomesapointduringtheteenyearswhenpowertoolsnolongerwork.Atthatpoint,parentsstartw ishingtheyhadbegunworkingwiththeirchildrenataveryyoungagetobuildacultureinwhichchildreninsti nctivelybehaverespectfullytowardoneanother,obeytheirparents,andchoosetherightthingtodo.Famil ieshavecultures,justascompaniesdo.Thoseculturescanbebuiltconsciously. Ifyouwantyourkidstohavestrongself-esteemandtheconfidencethattheycansolvehardproblems,thosequ alitieswon?tmagicallymaterializeinhighschool.Youhavetodesignthemintoyourfamily?sculture,andy ouhavetothinkaboutthisveryearlyon.Likeemployees,childrenbuildself-esteembydoingthingsthatare hardandlearningwhatworks.（分数：5.00）(1).Accordingtotheauthor,thekeytosuccessfulallocationofresourcesinyoulifedependsonwhetheryou __________ . （分数：1.00）A.have long-term planning √B.can manage your time wellC.are lucky enough to have new opportunitiesD.can solve both company and family problems解析：(2).Whatistheroleofthestatement“Ourcareersprovidethemostconcreteevidencethatwe’removingfor ward.”withreferencetothepreviousstatementintheparagraph? （分数：1.00）A.To present a contrast.B.To provide a definition.C.To offer further explanation. √D.To illustrate career development.解析：(3).Accordingtotheauthor,acommoncauseoffailureinbusinessandfamilyrelationshipsis __________ . （分数：1.00）ck of planningB.short-sightedness √C.shortage of resourcesD.decision by instinct解析：(4).Accordingtotheauthor,whendoesculturebegintoemerge? （分数：1.00）A.When people use “power tools” to reach agreement.B.When people realize the importance of consensus.C.When people as a group decide how to succeed. √D.When people decide what and how to do by instinct.解析：(5).Oneofthesimilaritiesbetweencompanycultureandfamilycultureisthat __________ . （分数：1.00）A.culture needs to be nurtured √B.cooperation is the foundationC.respect and obedience are key elementsD.problem-solving ability is essential解析：TextBItwasnearlybedtimeandwhentheyawokenextmorninglandwouldbeinsight.Dr.Macphaillithispipeand,lea ningovertherail,searchedtheheavensfortheSouthCross.Aftertwoyearsatthefrontandawoundthathadta kenlongertohealthanitshould,hewasgladtosettledownquietlyatApia(阿皮亚，西萨摩亚首都)fortwelvemonthsatleast,andhefeltalreadybetterforthejourney.Sincesomeofthepassengerswerele avingtheshipnextdaytheyhadhadalittledancethateveningandinhisearshammeredstilltheharshnotesof themechanicalpiano.Butthedeckwasquietatlast.Alittlewayoffhesawhiswifeinalongchairtalkingwith theDavidsons,andhestrolledovertoher.Whenhesatdownunderthelightandtookhishatyousawthathehadve ryredhair,withabaldpatchonthecrown,andthered,freckledskinwhichaccompaniedredhair,hewasamanof forty,thin,withapinchedface,preciseandratherpedantic;andhespokewithaScotsaccentinaverylow,qu ietvoice.BetweentheMacphailsandtheDavidsons,whoweremissionaries,therehadarisentheintimacyofshipboard, whichisduetoproximityratherthantoanycommunityoftaste.Theirchieftiewasthedisapprovaltheyshare dofthemenwhospenttheirdaysandnightsinthesmoking-roomplayingpokerorbridgeanddrinking.Mrs.Macp hailwasnotalittleflatteredtothinkthatsheandherhusbandweretheonlypeopleonboardwithwhomtheDavi dsonswerewillingtoassociate,andeventhedoctor,shybutnofool,halfunconsciouslyacknowledgedtheco mpliment.Itwasbecausehewasofanargumentativemindthatintheircabinatnighthepermittedhimselftoca rp（唠叨）.“Mrs.Davidsonswassayingshedidn?tknowhowthey?dhavegotthroughthejourneyifithadn?tbeenforus,”saidMrs.Macphail,assheneatlybrushedouthertransformation（假发）.“Shesaidwewerereallytheonlypeopleontheshiptheycaredtoknow.”“Ishouldn?thavethoughtamissionarywassuchabigbug（要人、名士）thathecouldaffordtoputonfrills （摆架子）.”“It?snotfri lls.Iquiteunderstandwhatshemeans.Itwouldn?thavebeenverynicefortheDavidsonstohave tomixwithallthatroughlotinthesmoking-room.”“Thefounderoftheirreligionwasn?tsoexclusive,’saidDr.Macphailwithachuckle."I?veaskedyouoverandoveragainnottojokeaboutreligion,?answeredhiswife.?Ishouldn?tliketohavean aturelikeyours,Alec.Youneverlookforthebestinpeople.? Hegaveherasidelongglancewithhispale,blueeyes,butdidnotreply.Aftermanyyearsofmarriedlifehehad learnedthatitwasmoreconductivetopeacetoleavehiswifewiththelastword.Hewasundressesbeforeshewa s,andclimbingintothebunkhesettleddowntoreadhimselftosleep. Whenhecameondecknextmorningtheywereclosetoland.Helookedatitwithgreedyeyes.Therewasathinstrip ofsliverbeachrisingquicklytohillscoveredtothetopwithluxuriantvegetation.Thecoconuttree,thick andgreen,camenearlytothewater?sedge,andamongthemyousawthegrasshousesofSamoans(萨摩亚人);andhereandthere,gleamingwhite,alittlechurch.Mrs.Davidsoncameandstoodbesidehim.Shewasalit tlewoman,withbrown,dullhairveryelaboratelyarranged,andshehadprominentblueeyesbehindinvisible pince-nez(夹鼻眼镜).Herfacewaslong,likeasheep?s,butshegavenoimpressingoffoolishness,ratherofextremealertness ;shehadthequickmovementsofabird.Themostremarkablethingaboutherwashervoice,high,metallic,andw ithoutinflexion;itfellontheearwithahardmonotony,irritatingtothenerveslikethepitilessclamorof thepneumaticdrill. "Thismustseemlikehometoyou,?saidDr.Macphail,withhisthin,difficultsmile. "Oursarelowislands,youknow,notlikethese.Coral.Thesearevolcanic.We?vegotanothertendays?journeytoreachthem.?"Inthesepartsthat?salmostlikebeinginthenextstreetathome,?saidDr.Macphailfacetiously."Well,that?sratheranexaggeratedwayofputtingit,butonedoeslookatdistancesdifferentlyinSouthSea s.Sofaryouareright.? Dr.Macphailsighedfaintly.（分数：5.00）(1).itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthatDr.Macpail________. （分数：1.00）A.enjoyed the sound of the mechanical pianoB.preferred quietness to noise √C.was going back to his hometownD.wanted to be friend the Davidsons解析：(2).TheMacphailsandtheDavidsonswereineachother?scompanybecausethey _________. （分数：1.00）A.shared dislike for some passengersB.had similar religious beliefC.liked each otherD.had similar experience √解析：(3).WhichofthefollowingstatementsBESTdescribesMrs.Macphail? （分数：1.00）A.She was good at making friends.B.She was prone to quarreling with her husband.C.She was skillful in dealing with strangers.D.She was easy to get along with. √解析：(4).AllthefollowingadjectivescanbeusedtodepictMrs.DavidsonEXCEPT__________ .（分数：1.00）A.IrritableB.Unapproachable √C.UnpleasantD.Arrogant解析：(5).WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutDr.MacphailisINCORRECT? （分数：1.00）A.He is made fun of the Davidsons.B.He was afraid of his wifeC.He was intelligent.D.He was sociable. √解析：TEXTCTodaywemakeroomforaremarkablynarrowrangeofpersonalitystyles.Wearetoldthattobegreatistobebold ,tobehappyistobesociable.Weseeourselvesasanationofextroverts--whichmeansthatwehavelostsighto fwhowereallyare.One-thirdtoone-halfofAmericansareintroverts--inotherwords,oneoutofeverytwoor threepeopleyouknow.Ifyouarenotanintrovertyourself,youaresurelyraising,managing,marriedto,orc oupledwithone.Ifthesestatisticssurpriseyou,thatisprobablybecausesomanypeoplepretendtobeextroverts.Closeint rovertspassundetectedonplaygrounds,inhighschoollockerrooms,andinthecorridorsofcorporateAmeri ca.Somefooleventhemselves,untilsomelifeevent—alayoff,anemptynest,aninheritancethatfreesthem tospendtimeastheylike-joltsthemintotakingstockoftheirtruenatures.Youhaveonlytoraisethissubje ctwithyourfriendsandacquaintancestofindthatthemostunlikelypeopleconsiderthemselvesintroverts. Itmakessensethatsomanyintrovertshideevenfromthemselves.WelivewithavaluesystemthatIcalltheExt rovertIdeal—theomnipresentbeliefthattheidealselfisgregarious,andcomfortableinthespotlight.T hearchetypalextrovertprefersactiontocontemplation,risk-takingtoheed-taking,certaintytodoubt. Hefavoursquickdecisions,evenattheriskofbeingwrong.Sheworkswellinteamsandsocializesingroups.Weliketothinkthatwevalueindividuality,butalltoooftenweadmireonetypeofindividual—thekindwho?s comfortable“puttinghimselfoutthere.”Sure,weallowtechnologicallygiftedlonerswholaunchcompan iesingaragestohaveanypersonalitytheyplease,buttheyaretheexceptions,nottherule,andourtoleranc eextendsmainlytothosewhogetfabulouslywealthyorholdthepromiseofdoingso.Introversion-alongwithitscousinssensitivity,seriousness,andshyness-isnowasecond-classpersona litytrait,somewherebetweenadisappointmentandapathology.IntrovertslivingundertheExtrovertIdea larelikewomeninaman?sworld,discountedbecauseofatraitthatgoestothecoreofwhotheyare.Extroversi onisanenormouslyappealingpersonalitystyle,butwe?veturneditintoanoppressivestandardtowhichmos tofusfeelwemustconform.TheExtrovertIdealhasbeendocumentedinmanystudies,throughthisresearchhasneverbeengroupedundera singlename.Talkativepeople,forexample,areratedassmarter,better-looking,moreinteresting,andmo redesirableasfriends.Velocityofspeechcountsaswellasvolume:werankfasttalkersasmorecompetentan dlikablethanslowones.Eventhewordintrovertisstigmatized-oneinformalstudy,bypsychologistLaurie Helgoe,foundthatintrovertsdescribedtheirownphysicalappearanceinvividlanguage,butwhenaskedtod escribegenericintrovertstheydrewablandanddistastefulpicture. ButwemakeagravemistaketoembracetheExtrovertIdealsounthinkingly.Someofourgreatestideas,art,an dinventions--fromthetheoryofevolutiontovanGogh?ssunflowerstothepersonalcomputer--camefromqui etandcerebralpeoplewhoknewhowtotuneintotheirinnerworldsandthetreasurestobefoundthere.（分数：5.00）(1).Accordingtotheauthor,thereexists,asfaraspersonalitystylesareconcerned,adiscrepancybetween__________. （分数：1.00）A.what people say they can do and what they actually can √B.what people profess and what statistics showC.what society values and what people pretend to beD.what people profess and what they hide from others解析：(2).TheidealextrovertisdescribedasbeingallthefollowingEXPECT __________ . （分数：1.00）A.doubtfulB.sociable √C.determinedD.bold解析：(3).Accordingtotheauthor,oursocietyonlypermits __________ tohavewhateverpersonality theylike. （分数：1.00）A.theyoung √B.the ordinaryC.the artisticD.the rich解析：(4).Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsBESTreflectstheauthor'sopinion? （分数：1.00）A.Extroversion is arbitrarily forced by society as a norm upon people.B.Introversion is seen as an inferior trait because of its association with sensitivity.C.Introverts are generally regarded as either unsuccessful or as deficient.D.Extroversion and introversion have similar personality trait profiles. √解析：(5).Theauthorwindsupthepassagewitha __________ note. （分数：1.00）A.cautiousB.positiveC.humorous √D.warning解析：TEXTD Speakingtwolanguagesratherthanjustonehasobviousparcticalbenefitsinanincreasinglyglobalizedwo rld.Butinrecentyears,scientistshavebeguntoshowthattheadvantagesof bilingualismareevenmorefundamentalthanbeingabletoconversewithawiderrangeofpeople.Beingbiling ual,itturnedout,makesyousmarter.Itcanhaveaprofoundeffectonyourbrain,improvingcognitiveskills notrelatedtolanguageandevenshieldingagainstdementia(痴呆)inoldage. Thisviewofbilingualismisremarkablydifferentfromtheunderstandingofbilingualismthroughmuchofth e20thcentury.Researchers,educatorsandpolicymakerslongconsideredasecondlanguagetobeaninterfer ence,cognitivelyspeaking,thathinderedachild?sacademicandintellectualdevelopment. Theywerenotwrongabouttheinterference:thereisampleevidencethatinabilingual?sbrainbothlanguage systemsareactiveevenwhenheisusingonlyonelanguage,thuscreatingsituationsinwhichonesystemobstr uctstheother.Butthisinterference,researchersarefindingout,isn?tsomuchahandicapasablessingind isguise.Itforcesthebraintoresolveinternalconflict,givingthemindaworkoutthatstrengthensitscog nitivemuscles. Thecollectiveevidencefromanumberofsuchstudiessuggeststhatthebilingualexperienceimprovesthebr ain?sso-calledexecutivefunction—acommandsystemthatdirectstheattentionprocessesthatweuseforp lanning,solvingproblemsandperformingvariousothermentallydemandingtasks.Theseprocessesinclude ignoringdistractionstostayfocused,switchingattentionwillfullyfromonethingtoanotherandholding informationinmind—likerememberingasequenceofdirectionswhiledriving. Whydoesthetusslebetweentwosimultaneouslyactivelanguagesystemsimprovetheseaspectsofcognition? Untilrecently,researchersthoughtthebilingualadvantagestemmedprimarilyfromanabilityforinhibit ionthatwashonedbytheexerciseofsuppressingonelanguagesystem:thissuppression,itwasthought,woul dhelptrainthebilingualmindtoignoredistractionsinothercontexts.Butthatexplanationincreasingly appearstobeinadequate,sincestudieshaveshownthatbilingualsperformbetterthanmonolingualsevenat tasksthatdonotrequireinhibition,likethreadingalinethroughanascendingseriesofnumbersscattered randomlyonapage. Thekeydifferencebetweenbilingualsandmonolingualsmaybemorebasicaheightenedabilitytomonitorthe environment."Bilingualshavetoswitchlanguagesquiteoften-youmaytalktoyourfatherinonelanguagean dtoyourmotherinanotherlanguage,"saysAlbertCosta,aresearcherattheUniversityofPompeaFabrainSpa in."Itrequireskeepingtrackofchangesaroundyouinthesamewaythatwemonitoroursurroundingswhendriv ing."InastudycomparingGerman-ItalianbilingualswithItalianmonolingualsincompletingmonitoringt asks,Mr.Costaandhiscolleaguesfoundthatthebilingualssubjectsnotonlyperformedbetter,butalsodid sowithlessactivityinpartsofthebraininvolvedinmonitoring,indicatingthattheywereefficientatit. Thebilingualexperienceappearstoinfluencethebrainfrominfancytooldage,andthereisreasontobeliev ethatitmayalsoapplytothosewholearnasecondlanguagelaterinlife. （分数：5.00）(1).Accordingtothepassage,themorerecentandoldviewsofbilingualismdiffermainlyin______. （分数：1.00）A.its practical advantagesB.perceived language fluencyC.itsroleincognitionD.its role in medicine √解析：(2).Thefactthatinterferenceisnowseenasablessingindisguisemeansthat ______. （分数：1.00）A.it has led to unexpectedly favourable resultsB.its potential benefits have remained undiscoveredC.its effects on cognitive development have been minimal √D.only a few researchers have realized its advantages解析：(3).WhatistheroleofParagraphFourinrelationtoParagraphThree? （分数：1.00）A.It provides counter evidence to Paragraph Three.B.It offers another example of the role of interference. √C.It serves as a transitional paragraph in the passage.D.It further illustrates the point in Paragraph Three.解析：(4).Whichofthefollowingcanaccountforbetterperformanceofbilingualsindoingnon-inhibitiontasks? （分数：1.00）A.An ability to ignore distractions.B.An ability to monitor surroundings.C.An ability to perform with less effort.D.An ability to exercise suppression. √解析：(5).Whatisthemainthemeofthepassage? （分数：1.00）A.Features of bilinguals and monolinguals. √B.Reasons why bilinguals are smarter.C.Bilinguals and monitoring tasks.D.Interference and suppression.解析：五、PATERIIIGENERALKNOWLEDGE(10MIN) (总题数：10，分数：10.00)2.WhichofthefollowingistheFrench-speakingcityinCanada?（分数：1.00）A.VancouverB.OttawaC.Montreal √D.Toronto解析：3.WhichofthefollowingarenativesofNewZealand?（分数：1.00）A.The Maoris. √B.The Aboriginals.C.The Red Indians.D.The Eskimos.解析：4.TheestablishedornationalchurchinEnglandis_____.（分数：1.00）A.the Roman Catholic ChurchB.the unites Reformed ChurchC.the Methodist ChurchD.the Anglican Church √解析：5.ThethirteenformerBritishcoloniesinNorthAmericadeclaredindependenceformGreatBritainin_____. （分数：1.00）A.1772B.1775C.1776 √D.1777解析：6.”Graceunderpressure”isanoutstandingvirtueof_____ heroes.（分数：1.00）A.Scott Fitzgerald'sB.William Faulkner'sC.Ernest Hemingway's √D.Eugene O?Neill's解析：7.Widowers’Housewaswrittenby __________ .（分数：1.00）A.John GalsworthyB.George Bernard Shaw √C.William Butler YeatsD.T.S. Eliot解析：8.WhowroteTheCanterburyTales?（分数：1.00）A.Geoffrey Chaucer √B.William ShakespeareC.John DonneD.William Blake解析：9.Whichofthefollowingpairsofwordsarehomophones?（分数：1.00）A.wind (v.) / wind (n.).B.suspect (v.) / suspect (n.).C.bare(adj.)/bear(v.). √D.convict (v.) / convict (n.).解析：10.Whichofthefollowingsentenceshasthe“S+V+O”structure?（分数：1.00）A.He died a hero.B.I went to LondonC.She became angry.D.Mary enjoyed parties √解析：11.WhichofthefollowingCANNOTbeusedasanadverbial?（分数：1.00）A.Heart and soul.B.The lion's share. √C.Null and void.D.Hammer and tongs.解析：六、PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) (总题数：1，分数：10.00) Thereiswidespreadconsensusamongscholarsthatsecondlanguageac-quisition(SLA)emergedasadistinct fieldofresearchfromthelate1950stoearly1960s. Thereisahighlevelofagreementthatthefollowingquestions(1)_____ havepossessedthemostattentionofresearchersinthisarea:(2)_____ Isitpossibletoacquireanadditionallanguageinthe samesenseoneacquiresafirstlanguage?(3)_____Whatistheexplanationforthefactadultshave(4)______moredifficultyinacquiringadditionallanguage sthanchildrenhave?.Whatmotivatespeopletoacquireadditionallanguages? .Whatistheroleofthelangu ageteachinginthe(5)_____acquisitionofanadditionallanguage? .Whatsocioculturalfactors,ifany,arerelevantinstudyingthel earningofadditionallanguages? Fromacheckoftheliteratureofthefielditisclearthatall(6)______ theapproachesadoptedtostudythephenomenaofSLAsofarhaveonethingincommon:Theperspectiveadoptedt oviewtheacquiring ofanadditionallanguageisthatofanindividualattemptstodo(7)_____so.Whetheronlabelsit“learning”or“acquiring”anadditionallanguage,itisanindividualaccomplishmentorwhatisunder(8)_____focusisthecognitive,psychological,andinstitutionalstatusofanindividual.Thatis,thespotlightis onwhatmentalcapabilitiesare involving,whatpsychologicalfactorsplayaroleinthelearning(9)_____ oracquisition,andwhetherthetargetlanguageislearntinthe classroomoracquiredthroughsocialtouchwithnativespeakers.(10)_____（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(把of去掉。
11月8日雅思口语真题
11月8日雅思口语真题2014年11月8日雅思口语真题1、上海财大303 白人老太太一直笑笑得我好虚。
趴1 问study和喜欢的季节趴2你想养成的一个你朋友的好习惯趴3问了孩子的习惯和大人的习惯2、P1:学生还是老师为什么读这个学校第一天去学校喜不喜欢下雨喜欢什么天气天气不同心情不同P2:修过的坏的设备P3:哪件电器重要电视是否比洗衣机重要人们买电器的感觉电器是否让人变懒你家的第一个冰箱累积人品3、西交利物浦365，P1:名字，安静noise学习.生日P2外地带回来的礼物P3家庭合照的好处和坏处，为什么买礼物，卖礼物的为什么能赚到很多钱…最后都被问傻了4、北语rm303白人女考官有雀斑声音甜美。
pa1hometown streetmarket weekend pa2 indoor game pa3和ourdoor game 对比，然后我提到电子产品的游戏又是一堆问，给自己挖了坑5、天津外国语RM09 1：home teacher hometown 2radio or TV programme 3:有关电视节目的话题白人考官挺帅的和9月那次考的口语基本都一样6、仲愷304 笑容可掬的金髮胖子part1 your house part2 travelling part3 travelling oversea 考官人很好一直笑我答得不好他還是笑得很開心7、广外下午第一批13.20 rm407 女白人par1 study/ why chose this subject/ weekends/ favourite food. when you eat these food/ part2 a time you share sth with a person/ part 3 internet 对conversation的影响、好处坏处.我竟然竟然2次都遇上同一个考官8、沈师，13考场，第一部分家乡工作，第二部分童年学校。