五角场初中-兰生复旦中学2017学年度九年级第一学期第一阶段考试
上海民办兰生复旦中学九年级数学上册第一单元《一元二次方程》测试卷(包含答案解析)
一、选择题1.方程22(1)10m x -+-=是关于x 的一元二次方程,则m 的取值范围是( ) A .m≠±l B .m≥-l 且m≠1 C .m≥-lD .m >-1且m≠12.方程()224(2)0m x x m y -+--=是关于x ,y 的二元一次方程,则m 的值为( ) A .2± B .2-C .2D .43.用配方法解方程x 2﹣4x ﹣7=0,可变形为( )A .(x+2)2=3B .(x+2)2=11C .(x ﹣2)2=3D .(x ﹣2)2=114.若用配方法解方程24121x x +=,通常要在此方程两边同时加上一个“适当”的数,则下面变形恰当的是( )A .2221212412122x x ⎛⎫⎛⎫++=+ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭B .22241212112x x ++=+C .2412919x x ++=+D .241212112x x ++=+5.一元二次方程2304y y +-=,配方后可化为( ) A .21()12y +=B .21()12y -=C .211()22y +=D .213()24y -=6.若整数a 使得关于x 的一元二次方程()2210a x -+=有两个实数根,并且使得关于y 的分式 方程32133ay yy y -+=--有整数解,则符合条件的整数a 的个数为( ) A .2 B .3C .4D .57.方程29180x x -+=的两个根是等腰三角形的底和腰,则这个等腰三角形的周长为( ) A .12B .15C .12或15D .188.若关于x 的一元二次方程ax 2+2x -12=0(a <0)有两个不相等的实数根,则a 的取值范围是( ) A .a <-2 B .a >-2 C .-2<a <0 D .-2≤a <0 9.若关于x 的一元二次方程260x x c -+=有两个相等的实数根,则常数c 的值为( ) A .3B .6C .8D .910.关于x 的一元二次方程(m-2)x 2+3x-1=0有实数根,那么m 的取值范围是( ) A .m≤14B .m≥14-且m≠2 C .m≤14-且m≠﹣2 D .m≥14-11.一元二次方程x 2﹣4x ﹣1=0配方后正确的是( )A .(x ﹣2)2=1B .(x ﹣2)2=5C .(x ﹣4)2=1D .(x ﹣4)2=512.如图,BD 为矩形ABCD 的对角线,将△BCD 沿BD 翻折得到BC D '△,BC '与边AD 交于点E .若AB =x 1,BC =2x 2,DE =3,其中x 1、x 2是关于x 的方程x 2﹣4x+m =0的两个实根,则m 的值是( )A .165B .125C .3D .2二、填空题13.已知x a =是方程2350x x --=的根,则代数式234a a -++的值为________. 14.已知方程2x 2+4x ﹣3=0的两根分别为出x 1和x 2,则x 1+x 2+x 1x 2=_____.15.某商贸公司2017年盈利100万元,2019年盈利144万元,且2017年到2019年每年盈利的增长率相同,则该公司2018年盈利_____万元.16.已知实数a ,b 是方程210x x --=的两根,则11a b+的值为______. 17.已知函数2y mx m m =++为正比例函数,则常数m 的值为______.18.已知1x ,2x 是关于x 的一元二次方程260x x a -+=的两个实数根,且221212x x -=,则a =________.19.已知关于x 的方程28m 0x x ++=有一根为2-,则方程的另一根为______20.为解决民生问题,国家对某药品价格分两次降价,该药品的原价是48元,降价后的价格是30元,若平均每次降价的百分率均为x ,可列方程.为____________.三、解答题21.如图,有一道长为10m 的墙,计划用总长为54m 的篱笆,靠墙围成由六个小长方形组成的矩形花圃ABCD .若花圃ABCD 面积为272m ,求AB 的长.22.解方程: (1)x 2+10x +9=0; (2)x 23=14.23.某商场销售一批衬衫,每件进价是120元,当每件衬衫售价为160元时,平均每天可售出20件,为了扩大销售,尽快清库,增加盈利,商场经调查发现,如果每件衬衫降价1元,商场平均每天可多售出2件,据此规律,请回答:(1)当每件衬衫降价5元时,每天可销售多少件衬衫?商场获得的日盈利是多少?(2)若商场平均每天想盈利1200元,则每件衬衫应降价多少元?24.阿里巴巴电商扶贫对某贫困地区一种特色农产品进行网上销售,按原价每件200元出售,一个月可卖出100件,通过市场调查发现,售价每件每降低1元,月销售件数就增加2件.(1)已知该农产品的成本是每件100元,在保持月利润不变的情况下,尽快销售完毕,则售价应定为多少元;(2)小红发现在附近线下超市也有该农产品销售,并且标价为每件200元,买五送一,在(1)的条件下,小红想要用最优惠的价格购买38件该农产品,应选择在线上购买还是线下超市购买?25.某商场销售一批名牌衬衫,平均每天可售出20件,每件盈利45元,为了扩大销售、增加盈利,尽快减少库存,商场决定采取适当的降价措施,经调查发现,如果每件衬衫每降价1元,商场平均每天可多售出4件.(1)若每件衬衫降价5元,则每件商品盈利________元,每天可售出________件,商场每天盈利________元;(2)若每件衬衫降价x元,则每件商品盈利________元,每天可售出________件(用含x的代数式表示);(3)若商场平均每天盈利2100元,每件衬衫应降价多少元?26.某玩具店购进一批甲、乙两款乐高积木,它们的进货单价之和是720元.甲款积木零售单价比进货单价多80元.乙款积木零售价比进货单价的1.5倍少120元,按零售单价购买甲款积木4盒和乙款积木2盒,共需要2640元.(1)分别求出甲乙两款积木的进价.(2)该玩具店平均一个星期卖出甲款积木40盒和乙款积木24盒,经调查发现,甲款积木零售单价每降低2元,平均一个星期可多售出甲款积木4盒,商店决定把甲款积木的零m m>元,乙款积木的零售价和销量都不变.在不考虑其他因素的条件下,售价下降()0为了顾客能获取更多的优惠,当m为多少时,玩具店一个星期销售甲、乙两款积木获取的总利润恰为5760元.【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.D解析:D【分析】根据一元二次方程的定义及二次根式有意义的条件求解可得. 【详解】∵方程22(1)10m x -+-=是关于x 的一元二次方程, ∴210m -≠, 解得1m ≠±,10m +≥, 解得:1m ≥-, ∴1m >-且1m ≠, 故选:D . 【点睛】本题考查了一元二次方程的概念,判断一个方程是否是一元二次方程,首先要看是否是整式方程,然后看化简后是否是只含有一个未知数且未知数的最高次数是2.2.B解析:B 【分析】含有两个未知数,并且含有未知数的项的次数都是1的整式方程是二元一次方程,根据定义解答. 【详解】∵()224(2)0m x x m y -+--=是关于x ,y 的二元一次方程, ∴240,20m m -=-≠, ∴m=-2, 故选:B . 【点睛】此题考查二元一次方程的定义,熟记定义是解题的关键.3.D解析:D 【分析】方程常数项移到右边,两边加上4变形得到结果即可. 【详解】解:x 2﹣4x ﹣7=0, 移项得:247x x -=配方得:24474x x -+=+ ,即2()211x -= 故答案为:D . 【点睛】本题考查了解一元二次方程-配方法,熟练掌握完全平方公式是解题的关键.4.C解析:C【分析】把原方程变形为2(2)621x x +⨯=,将2x 看成未知数,方程两边都加上一次项系数一半的平方即可. 【详解】解:方程24121x x +=变形为2(2)621x x +⨯=,2(2)62+91+9x x +⨯=∴2412919x x ++=+ 故选:C 【点睛】本题考查了解一元二次方程的应用,关键是能正确配方.5.A解析:A 【分析】根据配方法解一元二次方程的步骤计算可得. 【详解】 解:∵2304y y +-=, ∴y 2+y=34, 则y 2+y+14=34+14, 即(y+12)2=1, 故选:A . 【点睛】本题主要考查解一元二次方程-配方法,用配方法解一元二次方程的步骤: ①把原方程化为ax 2+bx+c=0(a≠0)的形式;②方程两边同除以二次项系数,使二次项系数为1,并把常数项移到方程右边; ③方程两边同时加上一次项系数一半的平方; ④把左边配成一个完全平方式,右边化为一个常数;⑤如果右边是非负数,就可以进一步通过直接开平方法来求出它的解,如果右边是一个负数,则判定此方程无实数解.6.B解析:B 【分析】对于关于x 的一元二次方程()2210a x -+=有两个实数根,利用判别式的意义得到a-2≠0且2a+3≥0且△=2-4(a-2)≥0,解不等式组得到整数a 为:-1,0,1,3,4,5;接着解分式方程得到y=61a -,而y≠3,则61a -≠3,解得a≠3,从而得到当a=-1,0,4时,分式方程有整数解,然后求符合条件的所有a 的个数. 【详解】解:∵整数a 使得关于x 的一元二次方程()2210a x -+=有两个实数根,∴a-2≠0且2a+3≥0且△=2-4(a-2)≥0, ∴31122a -≤≤且a≠2, ∴整数a 为:-1,0,1,3,4,5; 去分母得3-ay+3-y=-2y , 解得y=61a -, 而y≠3,则61a -≠3,解得a≠3, 当a=-1,0,4时,分式方程有整数解, ∴符合条件的所有a 的个数是3. 故选:B . 【点睛】本题考查了根的判别式:一元二次方程ax 2+bx+c=0(a≠0)的根与△=b 2-4ac 有如下关系:当△>0时,方程有两个不相等的实数根;当△=0时,方程有两个相等的实数根;当△<0时,方程无实数根.7.B解析:B 【分析】首先求出方程的根,再根据三角形三边关系定理列出不等式,确定是否符合题意. 【详解】解:解方程x 2-9x+18=0,得x 1=3,x 2=6, 当3为腰,6为底时,不能构成等腰三角形;当6为腰,3为底时,能构成等腰三角形,周长为6+6+3=15. 故选:B . 【点睛】本题考查了解一元二次方程,从边的方面考查三角形,涉及分类讨论的思想方法.求三角形的周长,不能盲目地将三边长相加起来,而应养成检验三边长能否组成三角形的好习惯,把不符合题意的舍去.8.C解析:C 【分析】由关于x 的一元二次方程ax 2+2x -12=0(a <0)有两个不相等的实数根可得2214244202b ac a a ⎛⎫∆=-=-⨯⨯-=+> ⎪⎝⎭,解不等式即可求出a 的取值范围.【详解】∵关于x 的一元二次方程ax 2+2x -12=0(a <0)有两个不相等的实数根, ∴2214244202b ac a a ⎛⎫∆=-=-⨯⨯-=+> ⎪⎝⎭, 解得:a >−2, ∵a <0, ∴−2<a <0. 故选C . 【点睛】本题考查一元二次方程根的判别式,掌握根的判别式的应用为解题关键.9.D解析:D 【分析】根据方程有两个相等的实数根结合根的判别式即可得出关于c 的一元一次方程,解方程即可得出结论. 【详解】 解:260x x c -+=有两个相等的实根,2(6)40c ∴∆=--=,解得:9c = 故选:D . 【点睛】本题考查了根的判别式以及解一元一次方程,由方程有两个相等的实数根结合根的判别式得出关于c 的一元一次方程是解题的关键.10.B解析:B 【分析】关于x 的一元二次方程(m-2)x 2+3x-1=0有实数根,由于二次项系数有字母,要考虑二次项系数不为0,再由一元二次方程(m-2)x 2+3x-1=0有实数根,满足△≥0,取它们的公共部分即可. 【详解】关于x 的一元二次方程(m-2)x 2+3x-1=0有实数根, m-2≠0, m≠2,△=9-4×(-1)×(m-2)≥0,m1 -4≥,关于x的一元二次方程(m-2)x2+3x-1=0有实数根,m的取值范围是m1-4≥且m≠2.故选:B.【点睛】本题考查关于x的一元二次方程(m-2)x2+3x-1=0有实数根的问题,关键掌握方程的定义,二次项系数不为0,含x的最高次项的次数为2,而且是整式的方程,注意判别式使用条件,前提是一元二次方程,还要求一般形式.11.B解析:B【分析】根据一元二次方程的配方法即可求出答案.【详解】解:x2﹣4x﹣1=0x2-4x=1x2-4x+4=1+4(x-2)2=5,故选:B.【点睛】本题考查了解一元二次方程-配方法,解题的关键是会用配方法解答方程.12.A解析:A【分析】利用根与系数的关系得到x1+x2=4,x1x2=m,AB+12BC=4,m=AB×12BC,再利用折叠的性质和平行线的性质得到∠EBD=∠EDB,则EB=ED=3,所以AE=AD−DE=5−2AB,利用勾股定理得到AB2+(5−2AB)2=32,解得AB或AB(舍去),则BC,然后计算m的值.【详解】∵x1、x2是关于x的方程x2−4x+m=0的两个实根,∴x1+x2=4,x1x2=m,即AB+12BC=4,m=AB×12BC,∵△BCD沿BD翻折得到△BC′D,BC′与边AD交于点E,∴∠CBD=∠EBD,∵AD∥BC,∴∠CBD =∠EDB , ∴∠EBD =∠EDB , ∴EB =ED =3,在Rt △ABE 中,AE =AD−DE =BC−3=8−2AB−3=5−2AB ,∴AB 2+(5−2AB )2=32,解得AB 或AB (舍去),∴BC =8−2AB ,∴m =12=165. 故选:A . 【点睛】本题考查了根与系数的关系:若x 1,x 2是一元二次方程ax 2+bx +c =0(a≠0)的两根时,x 1+x 2=−b a ,x 1x 2=ca.也考查了矩形的性质和折叠的性质. 二、填空题13.-1【分析】利用x=a 是方程x2-3x-5=0的根得到a2-3a=5然后利用整体代入的方法计算代数式的值【详解】解:∵x=a 是方程x2-3x-5=0的根∴a2-3a-5=0∴a2-3a=5∴故答案为解析:-1 【分析】利用x=a 是方程x 2-3x-5=0的根得到a 2-3a=5,然后利用整体代入的方法计算代数式的值. 【详解】解:∵x=a 是方程x 2-3x-5=0的根, ∴a 2-3a-5=0, ∴a 2-3a=5,∴()223434541a a a a -++=--+=-+=-. 故答案为-1. 【点睛】本题考查了一元二次方程的解:能使一元二次方程左右两边相等的未知数的值是一元二次方程的解.14.﹣【分析】根据根与系数的关系得到x1+x2=﹣=﹣2x1x2=﹣然后利用整体代入的方法计算【详解】根据题意得x1+x2=﹣=﹣2x1x2=﹣所以x1+x2+x1x2=﹣2﹣=﹣故答案为:﹣【点睛】本解析:﹣72【分析】根据根与系数的关系得到x 1+x 2=﹣42=﹣2,x 1x 2=﹣32,然后利用整体代入的方法计算. 【详解】根据题意得x 1+x 2=﹣42=﹣2,x 1x 2=﹣32,所以x 1+x 2+x 1x 2=﹣2﹣32=﹣72.故答案为:﹣72.【点睛】本题考查了根与系数的关系:若x 1,x 2是一元二次方程ax 2+bx +c =0(a≠0)的两根时,x 1+x 2=−b a ,x 1x 2=c a. 15.120【分析】设平均年增长率为x 列式求出年平均增长率即可算出结果【详解】解:设平均年增长率为x 根据题意得:整理得:开方得:解得:(舍去)则平均年增长率为20∴该公司2018年盈利100(1+20)=解析:120 【分析】设平均年增长率为x ,列式()21001144x +=,求出年平均增长率,即可算出结果. 【详解】解:设平均年增长率为x , 根据题意得:()21001144x +=, 整理得:()21 1.44x +=, 开方得:1 1.2x +=±,解得:10.2x =,2 2.2x =-(舍去), 则平均年增长率为20%,∴该公司2018年盈利100(1+20%)=120(万元). 故答案为:120. 【点睛】本题考查一元二次方程的应用,解题的关键是掌握增长率问题的求解方法.16.-1【分析】利用根与系数的关系得到a+b=1ab=-1再根据异分母分式加减法法则进行计算代入求值【详解】∵是方程的两根∴a+b=1ab=-1∴===-1故答案为:-1【点睛】此题考查一元二次方程根与解析:-1 【分析】利用根与系数的关系得到a+b=1,ab=-1,再根据异分母分式加减法法则进行计算代入求值.【详解】∵a ,b 是方程210x x --=的两根,∴a+b=1,ab=-1, ∴11a b+ =a b ab+ =11- =-1, 故答案为:-1.【点睛】此题考查一元二次方程根与系数的关系式,异分母分式的加减法计算法则.17.-1【分析】根据正比例函数的概念可直接进行列式求解【详解】解:∵函数为正比例函数∴且解得:;故答案为-1【点睛】本题主要考查正比例函数的概念及一元二次方程的解法熟练掌握正比例函数的概念及一元二次方程 解析:-1【分析】根据正比例函数的概念可直接进行列式求解.【详解】解:∵函数2y mx m m =++为正比例函数,∴20m m +=,且0m ≠,解得:1m =-;故答案为-1.【点睛】本题主要考查正比例函数的概念及一元二次方程的解法,熟练掌握正比例函数的概念及一元二次方程的解法是解题的关键.18.8【分析】由一元二次方程根与系数的关系得:解方程可得进一步可得结论【详解】解:由一元二次方程根与系数的关系得:又∴∴∴解得故答案为:8【点睛】本题考查了根与系数的关系牢记两根之和等于-两根之积等于是 解析:8【分析】由一元二次方程根与系数的关系得:126x x +=,12x x a =,解方程221212x x -=可得122x x -=,进一步可得结论.【详解】解:由一元二次方程根与系数的关系得:126x x +=,12x x a =,又221212x x -=,∴1212()()12x x x x +-=∴122x x -=,∴22121212()()43644x x x x x x a -=+-=-=解得,8a =,故答案为:8.【点睛】本题考查了根与系数的关系,牢记“两根之和等于-b a ,两根之积等于c a”是解题的关键. 19.【分析】根据一元二次方程根与系数的关系直接求解即可【详解】因为已知关于的方程有一个根是-2由二次方程根与系数的关系可知:即有:解得:故答案为:【点睛】本题主要考查一元二次方程根与系数的关系如果方程的 解析:6-【分析】根据一元二次方程根与系数的关系直接求解即可.【详解】因为已知关于x 的方程 280x x m ++=有一个根是-2,由二次方程根与系数的关系可知:128x x +=-,即有:228x -+=-解得:26x =-.故答案为:6-.【点睛】本题主要考查一元二次方程根与系数的关系,如果方程20x px q ++=的两个根是 1x ,2x ,那么12x x p +=-, 12·x x q =,熟练掌握一元二次方程根与系数的关系是解题的关键.20.48(1-x)2=30【分析】本题的等量关系为:第一次降价后的价格×第二次降价占第一次降价的百分比=30由此即可求解【详解】解:设平均每次降价的百分率为x 则第一次降价后的价格为48(1-x)第二次降解析:48(1-x)2=30【分析】本题的等量关系为:第一次降价后的价格×第二次降价占第一次降价的百分比=30,由此即可求解.【详解】解:设平均每次降价的百分率为x ,则第一次降价后的价格为48(1-x),第二次降价后的价格为48(1-x)(1-x),由题意,可列方程为:48(1-x)2=30.故答案为:48(1-x)2=30.【点睛】本题考查了由实际问题抽象出一元二次方程,解决本题的关键是得到相应的等量关系,注意第二次降价后的价格是在第一次降价后的价格的基础上得到的.三、解答题21.AB 的长是12m【分析】设AB 的长是x m ,则BC 的长是(18-x )m ,根据题意得方程,解方程即可得到结论.【详解】解:设AB 的长是x m ,则BC 的长是()18x -m .根据题意,得()1872-=x x .解这个方程,得16x =,212x =.当6x =时,181210-=>x (不合题意,舍去).当12x =时,186-=x 符合题意.答:AB 的长是12m .【点睛】本题考查了一元二次方程的应用,同时也利用了矩形的性质,解题时首先正确了解题意,然后根据题意列出方程即可解决问题.22.(1)121,9x x =-=-;(2)1222,22x x == 【分析】(1)运用因式分解法求解即可(2)运用公式法求解即可.【详解】解:(1)∵x 2+10x +9=0,∴(x +1)(x +9)=0,则x +1=0或x +9=0,解得x 1=﹣1,x 2=﹣9;(2)x 2=14整理,得:x 2﹣14=0, ∵a=1,b c =﹣14, ∴△2﹣4×1×(﹣14)=4>0,则x =2b a-±=22,即x 1=22,x 2=22-. 【点睛】此题考查了一元二次方程的解法,熟练掌握一元二次方程的解法是解答此题的关键. 23.(1)当每件衬衫降价5元时,每天可销售30件衬衫,商场获得的日盈利是1050元;(2)每件衬衫应降价20元【分析】(1)利用日销售量202=+⨯每件衬衫降低的价格,即可求出每天可销售衬衫的数量,利用日盈利额=销售每件衬衫的利润×日销售量,即可求出日盈利额;(2)设每件衬衫应降价x 元,则每天可销售()202x +件衬衫,根据日盈利额=销售每件衬衫的利润×日销售量,即可得出关于x 的一元二次方程,解之取其较大值即可得出结论.【详解】(1)根据题意得,降价后,可售出:205230+⨯=(件)∴()1605120301050--⨯=(元)∴当每件衬衫降价5元时,每天可销售30件衬衫,商场获得的日盈利是1050元; (2)设每件衬衫应降价x 元,则每天可销售()202x +件衬衫依题意,得:()()1601202021200x x --+=,∴2302000x x -+=解得:110x =,220x =∵要尽快清库∴20x∴每件衬衫应降价20元.【点睛】本题考查了一元二次方程、有理数混合运算的知识;解题的关键是熟练掌握一元二次方程的性质,从而完成求解.24.(1)售价应定为150元;(2)选择在线上购买更优惠【分析】(1)设售价应定为x 元,则每件的利润为()100-x 元,月销售量为(5002)-x 件,列出方程计算即可;(2)分别算出线上购买和线下购买的费用,再进行比较即可;【详解】解:(1)当售价为200元时月利润为()2001001001000-⨯=(元).设售价应定为x 元,则每件的利润为()100-x 元,月销售量为2001002(5002)1x x -+⨯=-件, 依题意,得:()()100500210000x x --=,整理,得:2350300000--=x x ,解得:1150x =,2200x =(舍去).答:售价应定为150元.(2)线上购买所需费用为150385700⨯=(元);∵线下购买,买五送一,∴线下超市购买只需付32件的费用,∴线下购买所需费用为200326400⨯=(元).57006400<.答:选择在线上购买更优惠.【点睛】本题主要考查了一元二次方程的应用,准确列方程计算是解题的关键.25.(1)40,40,1600;(2)45x -,204x +;(3)每件衬衫应降价30元【分析】(1)每件衬衫降价5元,每件盈利=原来的盈利-5元;所售件数=20+多售出的件数;商场每天盈利=(原来的盈利-5元)×(20+多售出的件数);(2)每件衬衫降价x 元,每件盈利=原来的盈利-x 元;所售件数=20+多售出的件数; (3)商场平均每天盈利数=每件的盈利×售出件数;每件的盈利=原来每件的盈利-降价数.设每件衬衫应降价x 元,然后根据前面的关系式即可列出方程,解方程即可求出结果.【详解】解:(1)若每件衬衫降价5元,则每件商品盈利:45-5=40(元),每天可售出:20+4×5=40(件),商场每天盈利:40×40=1600(元),故答案为:40,40,1600;(2)若每件衬衫降价x 元,则每件商品盈利:45-x (元),每天可售出:20+4x (件)故答案为:45x -,204x +;(3)每件衬衫应降价x 元,根据题意得:(45)(20)2100x x --=2403000x x -+=解得:110x =,230x =当10x =时,20460x +=;当30x =时,204140x +=;∵要减少库存,∴应增加销售量,∴30x =∴每件衬衫应降价30元.【点睛】此题主要考查了一元二次方程的应用的销售问题,关键是正确理解题意,找出题目中等量关系,列出方方程.26.(1)(1)甲款每盒400元,乙款每盒320元;(2)40.【分析】(1)设甲款积木的进价为每盒x 元,乙款积木的进价为每盒y 元,列出二元一次方程组计算即可;(2)根据题意得出()()8040224405760m m -++⨯=,计算即可;【详解】(1)设甲款积木的进价为每盒x 元,乙款积木的进价为每盒y 元,则()()72048021.51202640x y x y +=⎧⎨++-=⎩, 解得:400320x y =⎧⎨=⎩. 答:甲款积木的进价为每盒400元,乙款积木的进价为每盒320元.(2)由题可得:()()8040224405760m m -++⨯=,解得120m =,240m =,因为顾客能获取更多的优惠,所以40m =.【点睛】本题主要考查了一元二次方程的应用,结合二元一次方程组求解计算是解题的关键.。
上海民办兰生复旦中学中考物理一模模拟【5套试卷】
上海民办兰生复旦中学中考物理一模模拟【5套试卷】中考物理第一次模拟考试试卷一、选择题(每小题3 分,共21 分)1、如图所示的四种现象中,属于光的折射现象的是()A.手在墙上形成“手影” B.水面上“折断”的筷子 C.“后视镜”中的景物 D.树在水中的倒影2、在探究“阻力对物体运动的影响”时,让同一小车每次都从同一斜面的同一位置静止滑下,使小车分别在毛巾、棉布和木板上运动直至静止,小车运动距离如图所示。
下列说法正确的是()A.小车在毛巾上运动的距离最短,所以它消耗的机械能最少B.小车在木板上运动的距离最长,所以它消耗的动能最多C.小车在毛巾、棉布和木板上运动的距离不同,但每次小车获得的内能相同D.小车在毛巾、棉布和木板上运动的距离不同,但每次小车克服阻力所做的功相同3、关于声现象,下列说法正确的是()A.二胡演奏出的乐音,是由弦的振动产生的B.声音和光在空气中传播时,声音传播的较快C.声音在空气中传播比在水中传播得快D.跳广场舞时喇叭播放的歌曲都是乐音4、下列物态变化过程中需要吸收热量的是()A.春天的早晨,玉舍公园里弥漫在山间的白雾B. 冬天的午后,妥乐村银杏树上慢慢消融的冰凌C.秋天的早晨,乌蒙大草原牧草叶子上形成的霜D. 夏天的早晨,明湖湿地公园里小草上形成的露珠5、关于温度、内能、热量,下列说法正确的是()A.物体温度越高,含有的热量越多B.物体运动越快,内能越大C.热传递能改变物体的内能D.0℃的冰块,其内能为零6、如图所示,电源电压保持不变,先闭合开关S1,电压表示数为U1;再闭合开关S2,电压表示数为U2,电阻R1、R2的阻值之比为()A.U1:U2B.U2:U I C.U2:(U2﹣U1)D.U1:(U2﹣U1)7、某实验小组分别用如图所示的甲乙两个滑轮组(每个滑轮重相同)匀速提起相同的重物,所用的拉力分别为 F 1 和 F 2,机械效率分别为η1 和η2,不计绳重及摩擦,下列说法正确的是( )A .F 1>F 2,η1=η2B .F 1<F 2,η1=η2C .F 1<F 2,η1>η2D .F 1>F 2,η1<η2二、填空题(每小题 3 分,共 21 分)8、小李同学观看表演“沸腾的油锅中取铁球“后,得知锅中的“油”是由油和醋组成的混 合液体,油的沸点为 287℃,醋的沸点为 60℃,当温度达到 ℃时锅中的“油”就沸腾了;继续加热,“油”和放入其中的铁球的温度 (选填“会”或“不会”)升高, 当 后,继续加热,就不可能赤手从油锅中取铁球了。
上海民办兰生复旦中学九年级上册压轴题数学模拟试卷含详细答案
上海民办兰生复旦中学九年级上册压轴题数学模拟试卷含详细答案一、压轴题1.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,抛物线与轴交于点,与轴交于点,的解析式为,若将抛物线平移,使平移后的抛物线经过点, 对称轴为直线,抛物线与轴的另一个交点是,顶点是,连结.(1)求抛物线的解析式;(2)求证:∽(3)半径为的⊙的圆心沿着直线从点运动到,运动速度为1单位/秒,运动时间为秒,⊙绕着点顺时针旋转得⊙,随着⊙的运动,求的运动路径长以及当⊙与轴相切的时候的值.2.已知函数1221,(21)1y x m y m x =+-=++均为一次函数,m 为常数.(1)如图1,将直线AO 绕点()1,0A -逆时针旋转45°得到直线l ,直线l 交y 轴于点B .若直线l 恰好是1221,(21)1y x m y m x =+-=++中某个函数的图象,请直接写出点B 坐标以及m 可能的值;(2)若存在实数b ,使得||(1)10m b b ---=成立,求函数1221,(21)1y x m y m x =+-=++图象间的距离;(3)当1m 时,函数121y x m =+-图象分别交x 轴,y 轴于C ,E 两点,(21)1y m x =++图象交x 轴于D 点,将函数11y y y =的图象最低点F 向上平移5621m +个单位后刚好落在一次函数121y x m =+-图象上,设12y y y =的图象,线段OD ,线段OE 围成的图形面积为S ,试利用初中知识,探究S 的一个近似取值范围.(要求:说出一种得到S 的更精确的近似值的探究办法,写出探究过程,得出探究结果,结果的取值范围两端的数值差不超过0.01.)3.如图,抛物线214y x bx c =-++经过点()6,0C ,顶点为B ,对称轴2x =与x 轴相交于点A ,D 为线段BC 的中点.(1)求抛物线的解析式;(2)P 为线段BC 上任意一点,M 为x 轴上一动点,连接MP ,以点M 为中心,将MPC 逆时针旋转90︒,记点P 的对应点为E ,点C 的对应点为F .当直线EF 与抛物线214y x bx c =-++只有一个交点时,求点M 的坐标. (3)MPC 在(2)的旋转变换下,若2PC =(如图).①求证:EA ED =.②当点E 在(1)所求的抛物线上时,求线段CM 的长.4.某校开展了一次综合实践活动,参加该活动的每个学生持有两张宽为6cm ,长足够的矩形纸条.探究两张纸条叠放在一起,重叠部分的形状和面积.如图1所示,一张纸条水平放置不动,另一张纸条与它成45°的角,将该纸条从右往左平移.(1)写出在平移过程中,重叠部分可能出现的形状.(2)当重叠部分的形状为如图2所示的四边形ABCD 时,求证:四边形ABCD 是菱形. (3)设平移的距离为cm(0662)x x <≤+,两张纸条重叠部分的面积为2cm s .求s 与x 的函数关系式,并求s 的最大值.5.已知:如图,抛物线2134y x x =--交x 正半轴交于点A ,交y 轴于点B ,点()4,C n -在抛物线上,直线l :34y x m =-+过点B ,点E 是直线l 上的一个动点,ACE △的外心是P .(1)求m ,n 的值.(2)当点E 移动到点B 时,求ACE △的面积.(3)①是否存在点E ,使得点P 落在ACE △的边上,若存在,求出点E 的坐标,若不存在,请说明理由.②过点A 作直线AD x ⊥轴交直线l 于点D ,当点E 从点D 移动到点B 时,圆心P 移动的路线长为_____.(直接写出答案)6.四边形ABCF 中,AF ∥BC ,∠AFC =90°,△ABC 的外接圆⊙O 交CF 于E ,与AF 相切于点A ,过C 作CD ⊥AB 于D ,交BE 于G .(1)求证:AB =AC ;(2)①证明:GE =EC ;②若BC =8,OG =1,求EF 的长.7.如图1,抛物线221y x x =-+-的顶点A 在x 轴上,交y 轴于B ,将该抛物线向上平移,平移后的抛物线与x 轴交于,C D ,顶点为()1,4E .(1)求点B 的坐标和平移后抛物线的解析式;(2)点M 在原抛物线上,平移后的对应点为N ,若OM ON =,求点M 的坐标; (3)如图2,直线CB 与平移后的抛物线交于F .在抛物线的对称轴上是否存在点P ,使得以,,C F P 为顶点的三角形是直角三角形?若存在,直接写出点P 的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由.8.(问题发现)(1)如图①,在△ABC 中,AC =BC =2,∠ACB =90°,D 是BC 边的中点,E 是AB 边上一动点,则EC +ED 的最小值是 .(问题研究)(2)如图②,平面直角坐标系中,分别以点A (﹣2,3),B (3,4)为圆心,以1、3为半径作⊙A 、⊙B ,M 、N 分別是⊙A 、⊙B 上的动点,点P 为x 轴上的动点,试求PM +PN 的最小值.(问题解决)(3)如图③,该图是某机器零件钢构件的模板,其外形是一个五边形,根据设计要求,边框AB 长为2米,边框BC 长为3米,∠DAB =∠B =∠C =90°,联动杆DE 长为2米,联动杆DE 的两端D 、E 允许在AD 、CE 所在直线上滑动,点G 恰好是DE 的中点,点F 可在边框BC 上自由滑动,请确定该装置中的两根连接杆AF 与FG 长度和的最小值并说明理由.9.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,已知抛物线2y x bx c =++与直线AB 相交于A ,B 两点,其中()3,4A --,()0,1B -.(1)求该抛物线的函数表达式;(2)点P 为直线AB 下方抛物线上的任意一点,连接PA ,PB ,求PAB △面积的最大值; (3)将该抛物线向右平移2个单位长度得到抛物线()211110y a x b x c a =++≠,平移后的抛物线与原抛物线相交于点C ,点D 为原抛物线对称轴上的一点,在平面直角坐标系中是否存在点E ,使以点B ,C ,D ,E 为顶点的四边形为菱形,若存在,请直接写出点E 的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由.10.如图①,在ABC 中,AB AC =,BAC α∠=,点D 、E 分别在边AB 、AC 上,AD AE =,连接BE ,点M 、P 、N 分别为DE 、BE 、BC 的中点.(1)观察猜想:图①中,线段PM 与PN 的数量关系是_____________,用含α的代数式表示MPN ∠的度数是________________________;(2)探究证明:把ADE 绕点A 顺时针方向旋转到图②的位置,连接MN ,BD ,CE ,当120α=︒时,判断PMN 的形状,并说明理由;(3)拓展延伸:把ADE 绕点A 在平面内任意旋转,若90α=︒,3AD =,7AB =,请直接写出线段MN 的最大值和最小值.11.如图,已知抛物线y=﹣x 2+bx+c 经过A (3,0),B (0,3)两点.(1)求此抛物线的解析式和直线AB 的解析式;(2)如图①,动点E 从O 点出发,沿着OA 方 向 以1个单位/秒的速度向终点A 匀速运动,同时, 动点F 从A 点出发,沿着AB 方向以2个单位/ 秒的速度向终点B 匀速运动,当E ,F 中任意一点到达终点时另一点也随之停止运动,连接EF ,设运动时间为t 秒,当t 为何值时,△AEF 为直角三角形?(3)如图②,取一根橡皮筋,两端点分别固定在A ,B 处,用铅笔拉着这根橡皮筋使笔尖P 在直线AB 上方的抛物线上移动,动点P 与A ,B 两点构成无数个三角形,在这些三角形中是否存在一个面积最大的三角形?如果存在,求出最大面积,并指出此时点P 的坐标;如果不存在,请简要说明理由.12.对于⊙C 与⊙C 上的一点A ,若平面内的点P 满足:射线..AP 与⊙C 交于点Q (点Q 可以与点P 重合),且12PA QA≤≤,则点P 称为点A 关于⊙C 的“生长点”. 已知点O 为坐标原点,⊙O 的半径为1,点A (-1,0).(1)若点P 是点A 关于⊙O 的“生长点”,且点P 在x 轴上,请写出一个符合条件的点P 的坐标________;(2)若点B 是点A 关于⊙O 的“生长点”,且满足1tan BAO 2∠=,求点B 的纵坐标t 的取值范围;(3)直线3y x b =+与x 轴交于点M ,与y 轴交于点N ,若线段MN 上存在点A 关于⊙O 的“生长点”,直接写出b 的取值范围是_____________________________.13.已知在矩形ABCD 中,AB=2,AD=4.P 是对角线BD 上的一个动点(点P 不与点B 、D 重合),过点P 作PF⊥BD,交射线BC 于点F .联结AP ,画∠FPE=∠BAP,PE 交BF 于点E .设PD=x ,EF=y .(1)当点A 、P 、F 在一条直线上时,求△ABF 的面积;(2)如图1,当点F 在边BC 上时,求y 关于x 的函数解析式,并写出函数定义域;(3)联结PC ,若∠FPC=∠BPE,请直接写出PD 的长.14.如图1 ,一次函数1y kx b =+(k,b 为常数,k≠0)的图象与反比例函数2m y x =(m 为常数,m≠0)的图象相交于点M(1,4)和点N (4,n ). (1)填空:①反比例函数的解析式是 ; ②根据图象写出12y y <时自变量x 的取值范围是 ;(2) 若将直线MN 向下平移a(a>0)个单位长度后与反比例函数的图象有且只有一个公共点,求a 的值;(3) 如图2,函数2m y x=的图象(x >0)上有一个动点C ,若先将直线MN 平移使它过点C ,再绕点C 旋转得到直线PQ ,PQ 交轴于点A ,交轴点B ,若BC =2CA , 求OA·OB 的值.15.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,函数(0)k y x x=>的图象经过点A (1,4)和点B ,过点A 作AC ⊥x 轴,垂足为点C ,过点B 作BD ⊥y 轴,垂足为点D ,连结AB 、BC 、DC 、DA ,点B 的横坐标为a (a >1)(1)求k 的值(2)若△ABD 的面积为4;①求点B 的坐标,②在平面内存在点E ,使得以点A 、B 、C 、E 为顶点的四边形是平行四边形,直接写出符合条件的所有点E 的坐标.16.如图所示,在Rt ABC ∆中,90B ∠=︒,43BC =,30C ∠=︒,点D 从点C 出发沿CA 方向以每秒2个单位长度的速度向点A 匀速运动,同时点E 从点A 出发沿AB 方向以每秒1个单位长度的速度向点B 匀速运动,当其中一点到达终点时,另一个点也随之停止运动.设点D 、E 运动的时间是t 秒(0)t >,过点D 作DF BC ⊥于点F ,连接DE 、EF .(1)求证:AE DF =;(2)四边形AEFD 能够成为菱形吗?若能,求出t 的值;若不能,请说明理由; (3)当t =________时,DEF ∆为直角三角形.17.如图,已知矩形ABCD 中,AB=8,AD=6, 点E 是边CD 上一个动点,连接AE ,将△AED 沿直线AE 翻折得△AEF.(1) 当点C 落在射线AF 上时,求DE 的长;(2)以F 为圆心,FB 长为半径作圆F ,当AD 与圆F 相切时,求cos ∠FAB 的值;(3)若P 为AB 边上一点,当边CD 上有且仅有一点Q 满∠BQP=45°,直接写出线段BP 长的取值范围.18.在平面直角坐标系中,抛物线2y ax bx c =++经过点A 、B 、C ,已知A (-1,0),B (3,0),C (0,-3).(1)求此抛物线的函数表达式;(2)若P 为线段BC 上一点,过点P 作y 轴的平行线,交抛物线于点D ,当△BCD 面积最大时,求点P 的坐标;(3)若M (m ,0)是x 轴上一个动点,请求出CM+12MB 的最小值以及此时点M 的坐标.19.定义:如果一个三角形中有两个内角α,β满足α+2β=90°,那我们称这个三角形为“近直角三角形”.(1)若△ABC是“近直角三角形”,∠B>90°,∠C=50°,则∠A=度;(2)如图1,在Rt△ABC中,∠BAC=90°,AB=3,AC=4.若BD是∠ABC的平分线,①求证:△BDC是“近直角三角形”;②在边AC上是否存在点E(异于点D),使得△BCE也是“近直角三角形”?若存在,请求出CE的长;若不存在,请说明理由.(3)如图2,在Rt△ABC中,∠BAC=90°,点D为AC边上一点,以BD为直径的圆交BC 于点E,连结AE交BD于点F,若△BCD为“近直角三角形”,且AB=5,AF=3,求tan∠C 的值.20.如图1,在Rt△ABC中,∠A=90°,AB=AC,点D,E分别在边AB,AC上,AD=AE,连接DC,点M,P,N分别为DE,DC,BC的中点.(1)观察猜想:图1中,线段PM与PN的数量关系是,位置关系是;(2)探究证明:把△ADE绕点A逆时针方向旋转到图2的位置,连接MN,BD,CE,判断△PMN的形状,并说明理由;(3)拓展延伸:把△ADE绕点A在平面内自由旋转,若AD=4,AB=10,请直接写出△PMN面积的最大值.【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、压轴题1.(1)(2)证明见解析(3)P1的运动路径长为8,运动时间为5秒或7秒。
青浦区复旦附中2017学年第一学期期中考试试卷答案
2017学年第一学期期中考试试卷初一级数学答案一.1.C2.D3.C4.C5.A 解:,,,,,,,,,,,,分别计算得出:,-4,5,-5,8.5,;整数m的值有4个,所以A选项是正确的.6.D本题主要考查平方差公式。
据图(1)所示,由正方形面积公式可得,阴影部分面积等于,四个等腰梯形的高等于;据图(2)所示,由等腰梯形面积计算公式可得,阴影部分面积等于。
图(1)和图(2)中阴影部分面积相等,因此可得。
11.1-a 12.5 解:,,,计算得出.13. 3± 解:,,,则. 因此,本题正确答案是:3±315.等腰三角形,因不为0,则,故此为等腰三角形.16. mn m +-224三.19.原试=ax20..式计算. 【解答】解:=.1417解:2,22.23. )3)(4)(2)(3(+-+-x x x x 2解:原式,当时,原式.5解析:解:,,,,,,.27.9或-6解析:设分解后的一个因式为,则另一个因式为则所以,,,,根据,,,计算得出、或,、或、(1)当、、、,则(2)当、、、,则(3)当、、,则(4)当、、,则因此,本题正确答案是9或-628.设甲每次买大米,乙每次买大米花元,则甲购买大米的平均价格为元/kg,乙购买大米的平均价格为元/kg,>0,>0. >乙的购买方式更合算. 29.解:(1)图②中厘米,图③中厘米,图④中厘米,因此,本题正确答案是:21;19;15;(2)因为图④为轴对称图形所以,, 即开始折叠时点M与点A的距离是厘米.30.解:(1)分组:,,,,, ,,.当时,积为:,(2)c为某组倒数第二个数,d为该组最后一个数,设它们在第n组,,则,,。
详细解析:兰生复旦中学学年度第一学期期中测试
兰生复旦中学2017学年度初一第一学期期中考试分数:100+20 时间:90分钟Part One listening 30%(略)Part Two phonetics, grammar and vocabulary 35%II. Complete the sentences with the given verbs in their proper forms. (用动词的适当形式填空,每空格可填多词,共6分)>1. Not only my parents but I __________ where to go for a trip during the spring festival these days. (plan)2. In the past few years, earthquakes __________ thousands of buildings in this area. ( destroy)3. Every time fire happens, the ambulances and firemen are always the first _______ to the scene. ( rush)4. Toms mother was so happy to see him ___________ his own bedroom when she came back from work. ( tidy)5. He had a serious accident because he ___________ carelessly on his way home. (drive)…6. The customer-service manager told me that my parcel ________ for a second time the next day. (deliver)参考答案:1.am planningnot only...but (also)的谓语动词遵循就近原则,either...or,neither...nor也是。
上海民办兰生复旦中学初三化学上册期中化学试题(word版,含解析)
上海民办兰生复旦中学上册期中化学试题(word版,含解析)一、选择题(培优题较难)1.在密闭容器内,有甲、乙、丙、丁四种物质,在一定条件下充分反应,测得反应前后各物质的质量分数如图所示,下列说法错误的是()A.该反应符合质量守恒定律B.生成的甲,丙两物质的质量比为8:1C.乙可能是该反应的催化剂D.参加反应的丁的质量等于生成的甲和丙的质量之和2.四种物质在一定的条件下充分混合反应,测得反应前后各物质的质量分数如图所示.则有关说法中不正确的()A.丁一定是化合物B.乙可能是这个反应的催化剂C.生成的甲、丙两物质的质量比为8: 1D.参加反应的丁的质量一定等于生成甲和丙的质量之和3.如图所示有关二氧化碳的实验中,只与二氧化碳物理性质有关的实验是()A. B. C. D.4.下列实验操作正确的是A.塞紧橡皮塞B.加热液体C.取用液体D.读出液体的体积5.最近,我国科学家成功合成新型催化剂,将CO2高效转化为甲醇(CH3OH)。
这不仅可以缓解碳排放引起的温室效应,还将成为理想的能源补充形式。
该化学反应的微观过程如下图所示。
下列说法正确的是A.该反应中四种物质均为化合物B.反应前后H元素的化合价不变C.参加反应的甲、乙分子个数比为1:3D.反应前后原子数目发生改变6.某工地发生多人食物中毒,经化验为误食工业用盐亚硝酸钠(NaNO2)所致。
NaNO2中氮元素的化合价是()A.+4B.+3C.+2D.+57.下列有关氧气的说法,错误的是()A.氧气能支持燃烧B.细铁丝在氧气中燃烧,生成氧化铁C.在通常状况下,氧气的密度比空气大D.氧气的化学性质比较活泼,能跟许多物质发生反应8.下列物质含有氢分子的是()A.H2B.H2O2C.H2CO3D.H2O9.下列说法正确的是()A.原子的质量主要集中在原子核上B.相同的原子无法构成不同的分子C.温度计内汞柱液面上升说明汞原子体积变大D.原子呈电中性是因为原子中质子数与中子数相等10.在一个密闭容器中放入甲、乙、丙、丁四种物质,在一定条件下充分反应,测得反应前后各物质的质量如下表所示。
上海兰生复旦初三英语一模冲刺(附答案)
4. ________ 5. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的内容, 符合的用“T ”表示,不符合的用“F ”表示) (6分) 15. You can buy a cheaper train ticket if you are twenty-five years old in Britain. 16. There are many bus services in small places in Britain on Sundays. 17. It It‘‘s helpful for people to know something about the underground in London before using it. 18. If you want to eat good meals with less money, you should go to a Chinese restaurant. 19. Anyone can get free medical treatment in Britain because medical care is very cheap. 20. This passage can serve as a guide book for tourists who will visit Britain. D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences (听短文,完成下列内容,每空格限填一词) (共10分) 21. People will probably have __________ ________ about what kind of car you can own and so on. 22. People will will have have have to to to ________ ________ __________on __________on other other other modes modes modes of of of transportation transportation transportation –– especially trains. 23. The disadvantage of airports is that they take up too _______ __________. 24. More efficient train ________ ___________will be needed between cities 25. We can probably find trains going to connect the _________continents under the ________. Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar (第二部分(第二部分 语音、词汇和语法)Ⅱ. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案) (共20分) ( ) 26. which of the following words is pronounced / 'ref ər əns / ? A) refresh B )reference C) refried D) refine ( ) 27. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from others? A) He hurt his back when he fell. B) To my surprise, the plan succeeded. C) Every year we cut down and burn too many trees. D) Nowadays there are more and more men nurses in the hospital. ( ) 28. —Have you finished reading ________ interesting story? —Yes. It is worth reading ________ second time. A) the…the…a a B) an …the the C) the…the…the the D) an…a ( ) 29. — What a good ________ you‗ve given me! Thanks a lot.— Don‘t mention it. A) advice B) progress C) suggestion D) information ( ) 30. The key _____ success is to choose a right goal, plan your path and then get started. A)about B) of C) to D)by ( ) 31.No one knows why he has _______ words than before. A)little B)less C) fewer D) much ( ) 32. Although the first part is easy, ______________ could have been difficult A) the other B) another C) the rest D) other ( ) 33. About ________of the students in our class were born in the________.A) two thirds…1990s B) two thirds…1990 C ) two third…1990s D) two third…1990 ( ) ) 34. 34. 34. It It It took took took us us us quite quite quite a a a long long long time time time to to to get get get to to to the the the amusement amusement amusement park. park. park. It It It was was ________journey. A) three hour B) a three-hours C) a three-hour D) three hours ( ) ) 35. 35. 35. Ernest Ernest Ernest visited visited visited the the the South South South Pole Pole Pole because because because he he he wanted wanted wanted to to to see see see one one one of of of the the _____regions in the world. A) colder B) coldest C) more coldly D)most coldly ( ) 36. I t is so cold that you can‘t go outside __It is so cold that you can‘t go outside _____ fully covered in thick clothes. A)if B) unless C) once D) when ( )37. )37. There There There ____ ____ ____ be be be any any any difficulty difficulty difficulty about about about passing passing passing the the the road road road test test test since since since you you you have have practiced a lot in the driving school. A) mustn‘t B)shan‘t C)shouldn‘t D)needn‘t( ) 38. ---I have lived in Japan for ten years, so I have _______________ Japanese food. A) been used to eat B) used to eat C) been used to eating D) used to eating ( ) 39. Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement______ so far by the two sides. A) has been reached B) was reached C) will reach D) will have reached ( ) 40. I ‘m not sure if it_____ tomorrow. If it ______, we won‘t climb the South I‘m not sure if it_____ tomorrow. If it ______, we won‘t climb the South Hill. A) will sno w …w…w… snows snows B) will snow… will snow C) snows … snows D) snows …will snow ( ) 41. —Where is my passport? I remember________ it here. —You shouldn't have left it here. Remember____________ it with you all the time A) to put …to take B) putting …taking C) putting …to take D)to put …taking ( ) 42. What about _________ to the concert with us ? A) we go B) our going C) went D) to go ( ) 43. Tom had to______ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy. A) turn off B) turn down C) turn over D) turn up ( ) 44. I wanted to know _________________ A. what is the matter with him B. what the matter is with him C. what was the matter with him D. what the matter was with him ( )45. -Would you like to play football after school? -_____. I have a lot of homework to do. A).I‘m afraid not B).Enjoy yourself C).Take your time D).It takes no time Ⅲ. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. EachA. toughest B. estimate C. identify D. through E. effectively 46 have now discovered that a key secret to the success of ants is their ability to job of 48 give the the 47 job job 49 , , but this job A.support B. contribution C. because of D. transport E. according 50 51 estimated that, that, 52 make a worthwhile 53 59. Few ____________ words made us interested at the lecture yesterday.(speak) 60. A DVD-ROM can hold millions of pages of ____________. (write) 61. 61. Doctor Doctor Doctor Li Li Li is is is busy busy busy ___________ ___________ ___________ on on on a a a boy boy boy who who who was was was injured injured injured in in in a a a car car car accident. accident. (operation) V. Rewrite the following sentences as required (根据所给要求,改写下列句子。
兰生复旦中学2013学年第一学期第一阶段考试九年级英语试卷201309
兰生复旦中学2013学年第一学期第一阶段考试九年级英语试卷201309兰生复旦中学2013学年第一学期第一阶段考试九年级英语试卷2013.09Part 2 vocabulary and grammar (第二部分词汇和语法)I. Choose the best answer:(选择最恰当的答案,用A, B, C或D 表示):(共20分)31.France is ______ European country with _____ long history and also famous for its art and culture.A.the,/B. an, aC. a, /D. a, a32. Can computers_____ human beings completely_____in the future?A. instead of , some timeB. rather, sometimesC. take the placeof, sometimeD. take place, sometimes33. Experts tell us it is very important to have _____ food in our diet.A.a large number of, everydayB. a great amount of,everydayC. a variety of, everydayD. the number of, everyday34. It's very sweet_____ you to tell me the arrival time _____ the phone.A.of, throughB. of, onD. for, by35. To be frank, I _____ stay at home ______ go shopping on weekends.A. prefer to, rather thanB.prefer, toC.prefer to, instead ofD. prefer to, would rather36. Could you tell me ______ ?A.if can I book a ticket on the internetB. what's the best way to send the letterC.that I pay 3 yuan for the parcelD.how much did it cost37. Tim has got an offer from a university abroad. He is going to ____ a visa.A.supply forB.look forC.make forD. apply for38. He asked me ____ I was going to post the letter by airmail or by surface mail.A.howB.whereC. whetherD.if39. He could not have seen me in Thailand, _____ I was not there.A. becauseB. forC. now that40. I know a little about Canada for my family _____ there several years ago.A. wentB. had beenC. have beenD. have gone41.They were watching TV happily____ the electricity was cut off.A. whileB. asC. what timeD. when42. I hope you _____ western countries if you have a chance.A. will visit toB. to visitC. visitD. can pay a visit to43. _____ heave luggage I’ll check it is!A. WhatB.HowC. What piece ofD. What so many44. The bag _____ sand is falling down the ground. Take care!A. is filled withB. is full ofC. full ofD. fill with45. Reading English newspapers ____ helpful to improve your English.B. isC. makeD. keep46. My boss suggested ____ on time or I would lose my job.A. meto come to workB. I cameto workC. mecome to workD. I come to work47. High temperature _____ Shanghai this summer.Howterrible the summer is!A. was hitB. hitC. happenedD. took place48. The afternoon flight was delayed because of heavy fog. The underlined word means _______.A. called offB.got offC. taken offD. put off49.Lucy must be responsible for our school broadcasting station. The underlined word means _______.A. in response toB. take charge ofC. be in the charge ofD. take care of50.Would you mind changing my single ticket to a return ticket?一_____.A.Never mindB.Yes, please.C. Not at allD. I'd love to.Ⅱ. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases inbox. Each word can only be used once.(将下列单词或词组填入空格,每空格限填一词):(共8分)A.mistakesB. completelyC. practiseD. stepsE. relaxedF. improveG. fansH. suggestedI. instead ofNow students' English handwriting gets worse and worse. That makes theirteachers feet worried. Is your English handwriting beautiful? If not, here are four ___51_____ that really work!I suddenly felt very selfish. I realized I had only thought of people as ___53___ aswhat their purposes were in my life. I paid no attention to Janie because she was a bus driver. I had judged her job and regard her as unimportant.Forall I know, I’m just another person in __54__ else's world and may not even be important. I should not have been so selfish and self-centered. Everyone has a place go to,people to see and appointment to keep. Understanding people is an art. () 45. A. topic B. conversation C. discussion D. message( ) 46. A. eagerly B. carelessly C. sincerely D. politely( )47. A. therefore B. thus C. otherwise D. however( )48. A. lowered B. closed C. widened D. opened( )49. A. pain B. pity C. disappointment D.sorry( ) 50. A. yet B. and C. or D. but( ) 51. A. this B. them C. that D. one( ) 52. A. dark B. narrow C. whole D. bright( ) 53. A. long B. much C. well D.far( ) 54. A. someone B. anyone C. no one D.everyoneC.Read the passage and fill the banks with proper words .〔在短文的空格内填入适当的词,使其内容通顺,每空格限填一词,首字母已给):(7分)A true apology to more than just acknowledgement(承认)of a mistake. It'srecognition thatsomethingyou've said or done has damaged a relationship—and that you c___1__ enough about that relationship want it repaired.It's never easy to acknowledge you are in wrong. Being human, we all need the art ofapology. Look back and think how o___2__ you're judged roughly(草率), said unkind things,pushed yourself ahead at the expense(在使某人受损的情况下) of a friend. Some deep thought in us know that when even a small mistake has been made, your feeling will stay out of balance until the mistake is acknowledge and your regret is e___3____.I remember a doctor friend, t___4___me about a man who came to him with v__5__ illnesses: headache, insomnia(失眠), stomachaches and so on. No physical cause could be found. Finally the doctor said to the man, ” Unless you tell me what’s on your conscience (良心), I can’t help you.”After a short silence, the man told the doctor that he seized all the money that his father gave to his brother, who was abroad. His father died, so only he h__6__ knew the matter.The old doctormade the man write to his brother making an apology and enclosing a check.In the post office, the man dropped the latter into the mail box. As the latter d___7__ , the man burst into tears. ”Thank you, doctor,” he said, “I think I’m all right now.” And he was.D. Answer the questions(根据短文内容回答下列问题):(5分)Have youbeen in a meeting while someone was making a speech and realized suddenly that your mind was a million miles away? You probably felt sorry and made up your mind to pay attention and always have been told that daydreaming is a waste of time."0n the contrary, "says L. Giambra, anexpert in psychology, "daydreaming is quitenecessary. Without it, the mind couldn't get doneall the thinking it has to do duringa normal day. You can’t possibly doall your thinking witha conscious(有意识的)mind. Instead, yourunconscious mind is working out problemsall the time. Daydreaming then may be one way thatthe unconscious and conscious states of mind have silent dialogues."Early experts in psychology paid no attention to the importance of daydreams or even considered them harmful. At one time daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illness. They did not have a better understanding of daydreams until the late 1980s. Eric Klinger, a professor of psychology, is the writer of the book Daydreaming. Klinger says, “We know now that daydreaming is one of the main ways that we organize our lives, learn from our experiences, and plan for our futures. Day-dreams really are a window on the things we fear and the things we long for in life.”Daydreams are usually very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams which may be hard to understand. It’s easier togain a deep understanding of your life by paying close attention to your daydreams than by trying to examine your sleep dreams carefully. Daydreams help you recognize the difficult situations in your life and find out a possible way of handling them.Daydreams cannot be predicted; they move off in unexpected directions which may be creative and full of useful ideas. For many famous artists and scientists, daydreams were and are a main source of creative energy.1. The writer of this passage consider daydreams _______________________ .2. The writer quoted L. Giambra and Eric Klinger to _____________________ .3. Adding towriter, what are having silent dialoguesduringthe processof daydreaming? __________________________________ .4. Daydreaming can give artists and scientists _______________________ .5.What is the main differencebetween daydreams and sleep dreams? ________ .。
青浦区复旦附中2017学年度第一学期期中考试试卷
2017学年复旦附中第一学期期中考试试卷初一年级数学(满分100 时间:90分钟)一、选择题:(本大题共6题,每题2分,满分12分)1.下列代数式a xy x x x ,4,1,2,3732--中单项式的个数是 ( ) A.1个 B.2个 C.3个 D.4个2.下列运算正确的是( )A. 32)(aB.4223432y y =⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛- C.236a a a =÷ D.532a a a =⋅ 3.下列各式从左到右各式是因式分解的是( )A. 1)1)(1(2-=-+x x xB.6)5(652+-=+-x x x xC.22)1(12-=+-x x xD.)()(y x b y x a by bx ay ax +++=+++4.下列分式化简正确的是( ) A. b a b a b a -=--3)(32 B.32322a a a a =- C.b a b ab a 31236142+=-- D.ba b a b a +=++122 5.数学老师上课出了一道因式分解的思考题,题意是1622++mx x 能在有理数的范围内因式分解,则整数m 的值有几个,小军和小华为此争论不休,请你判断整数m 的值有几个?( ) A.4个 B.5个 C. 6个 D.8个6.从边长为a 的大正方形纸板中挖去一个边长为b 的小正方形后,将其裁成四个相同的等腰梯形(图甲),然后拼成一个平行四边形(图乙),那么通过计算两个图形的阴影部分的面积,可以验证成立的公式是( )A. 222)(b a b a -=-B.))((22b a b a b a +-=-C.2222)(b ab a b a +-=-D.b ab a b a ++=+2)(2二、填空题:(本大题共12题,每题3分,满分36分)7.“12减去y 的41的差”用代数式表示是: 8.将多项式153322---y y x xy 按字母y 升幂排列是: 9.使分式25-+x x 有意义的条件是: 10.计算:=÷-22332)453(y xy y 11.计算:=+--+-21212a a a a 12.若,3293211⨯=⨯⨯m 则=m13.如果,4,5==+ab b a 则=-b a14.要使)12)(3(22---x x x ax 的展开式中不含2x ,则=a 15.c b a ,,为三角形三边长,022=--+bc b ac a ,则该三角形的形状为16.现在规定一种运算ab b b a --=2*,期中ab 为有理数,=-m n m *)(17.李丽从家到学校的路程为S 米,无风时她以平均a 米/秒的速度骑行,便能按时到达;当风速为b 米/秒时,她若顶风按时到校,请用代数式表示她必须提前出发的时间是18.在图中取阴影等边三角形各边的中点,连成一个等边三角形,将其挖去,得到图;对图中的每个阴影等边三角形仿照先前的做法,得到图,如此继续.如果图的等边三角形面积为,则第个图形中所有阴影三角形面积的和为_________.三、简答题:(本大题共7小题,每小题4分,满分28分)19.计算:ax by axy b by ax 41)2(2)221(22÷⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡-+- 20.计算:)52)(52(++-+-+z y x z y x21.解方程:2229)31)(13()12()3(4x x x x x +-+=+--22.因式分解:222222)53()35(n m n m +-+23.因式分解:72)(18)(222+---x x x x24.因式分解:ab b a 4)1)(1(22--- 25.先化简,再求值:11)1112(22+÷+-+-x x x x x ,期中.2-=x 四、解答题(本大题共5小题,第26-29题每题5分,第30题4分,满分24分)26.已知311=-y x ,求yxy x y xy x ---+2535的值。
上海民办兰生复旦中学九年级上册期末数学试题(word版,含解析)
上海民办兰生复旦中学九年级上册期末数学试题(word 版,含解析)一、选择题1.关于x 的一元一次方程122a x m -+=的解为1x =,则a m -的值为( )A .5B .4C .3D .22.某大学生创业团队有研发、管理和操作三个小组,各组的日工资和人数如下表所示.现从管理组分别抽调1人到研发组和操作组,调整后与调整前相比,下列说法中不正确的是( )A .团队平均日工资不变B .团队日工资的方差不变C .团队日工资的中位数不变D .团队日工资的极差不变3.要得到函数y =2(x -1)2+3的图像,可以将函数y =2x 2的图像( ) A .向左平移1个单位长度,再向上平移3个单位长度 B .向左平移1个单位长度,再向下平移3个单位长度 C .向右平移1个单位长度,再向上平移3个单位长度 D .向右平移1个单位长度,再向下平移3个单位长度4.在平面直角坐标系中,点A(0,2)、B(a ,a +2)、C(b ,0)(a >0,b >0),若AB=42且∠ACB 最大时,b 的值为( ) A .226+B .226-+C .242+D .2425.一枚质地匀均的骰子,其六个面上分别标有数字:1,2,3,4,5,6,投掷一次,朝上面的数字大于4的概率是( ) A .12B .13C .23D .166.已知a 是方程x 2+3x ﹣1=0的根,则代数式a 2+3a+2019的值是( ) A .2020 B .﹣2020 C .2021 D .﹣2021 7.下列方程是一元二次方程的是( )A .2321x x =+B .3230x x --C .221x y -=D .20x y +=8.用配方法解方程2890x x ++=,变形后的结果正确的是( ) A .()249x +=-B .()247x +=-C .()2425x +=D .()247x +=9.如图,在□ABCD 中,E 、F 分别是边BC 、CD 的中点,AE 、AF 分别交BD 于点G 、H ,则图中阴影部分图形的面积与□ABCD 的面积之比为( )A .7 : 12B .7 : 24C .13 : 36D .13 : 7210.某同学在解关于x 的方程ax 2+bx +c =0时,只抄对了a =1,b =﹣8,解出其中一个根是x =﹣1.他核对时发现所抄的c 是原方程的c 的相反数,则原方程的根的情况是( )A .有两个不相等的实数根B .有两个相等的实数根C .有一个根是x =1D .不存在实数根11.下列方程中,关于x 的一元二次方程是( ) A .2x ﹣3=xB .2x +3y =5C .2x ﹣x 2=1D .17x x+= 12.已知在△ABC 中,∠ACB =90°,AC =6cm ,BC =8cm ,CM 是它的中线,以C 为圆心,5cm 为半径作⊙C ,则点M 与⊙C 的位置关系为( ) A .点M 在⊙C 上B .点M 在⊙C 内 C .点M 在⊙C 外D .点M 不在⊙C 内13.已知函数2y x bx c =-++的部分图像如图所示,若0y >,则的取值范围是( )A .41x -<<B .21x -<<C .31x -<<D .31x x <->或14.如图,△ABC 中AB 两个顶点在x 轴的上方,点C 的坐标是(﹣1,0),以点C 为位似中心,在x 轴的下方作△ABC 的位似图形△A′B′C′,且△A′B′C′与△ABC 的位似比为2:1.设点B 的对应点B′的横坐标是a ,则点B 的横坐标是( )A .12a -B .1(1)2a -+ C .1(1)2a -- D .1(3)2a -+ 15.二次函数y=ax 2+bx+c (a≠0)的图象如图,给出下列四个结论:①4ac ﹣b 2<0;②4a+c <2b ;③3b+2c <0;④m (am+b )+b <a (m≠﹣1),其中正确结论的个数是( )A .4个B .3个C .2个D .1个二、填空题16.如图,将△ABC 绕点C 顺时针旋转90°得到△EDC ,若点A 、D 、E 在同一条直线上,∠ACD =70°,则∠EDC 的度数是_____.17.如图,△ABC 周长为20cm ,BC=6cm,圆O 是△ABC 的内切圆,圆O 的切线MN 与AB 、CA 相交于点M 、N ,则△AMN 的周长为________cm.18.若记[]x 表示任意实数的整数部分,例如:[]4.24=,21⎡⎤=⎣⎦,…,则123420192020⎡⎤⎡⎤⎡⎤⎡⎤⎡⎤⎡⎤-+-+⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅+-⎣⎦⎣⎦⎣⎦⎣⎦⎣⎦⎣⎦(其中“+”“-”依次相间)的值为______.19.已知点P 是线段AB 的黄金分割点,PA >PB ,AB =4 cm ,则PA =____cm . 20.某企业2017年全年收入720万元,2019年全年收入845万元,若设该企业全年收入的年平均增长率为x ,则可列方程____. 21.抛物线y =3(x+2)2+5的顶点坐标是_____.22.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,直线l :28y x =+与坐标轴分别交于A ,B 两点,点C 在x 正半轴上,且OC =O B .点P 为线段AB (不含端点)上一动点,将线段OP 绕点O 顺时针旋转90°得线段OQ ,连接CQ ,则线段CQ 的最小值为___________.23.抛物线21(5)33y x =--+的顶点坐标是_______. 24.如图,D 、E 分别是△ABC 的边AB ,AC 上的点,AD AB =AEAC,AE =2,EC =6,AB =12,则AD 的长为_____.25.如图(1),在矩形ABCD 中,将矩形折叠,使点B 落在边AD 上,这时折痕与边AD 和BC 分别交于点E 、点F .然后再展开铺平,以B 、E 、F 为顶点的△BEF 称为矩形ABCD 的“折痕三角形”.如图(2),在矩形ABCD 中,AB=2,BC=4,当“折痕△BEF”面积最大时,点E 的坐标为_________________________.26.已知关于x 的一元二次方程2230x x k -+=有两个不相等的实数根,则k 的取值范围是________.27.在Rt △ABC 中,两直角边的长分别为6和8,则这个三角形的外接圆半径长为_____. 28.如图,在△ABC 中,AC :BC :AB =3:4:5,⊙O 沿着△ABC 的内部边缘滚动一圈,若⊙O 的半径为1,且圆心O 运动的路径长为18,则△ABC 的周长为_____.29.若关于x 的一元二次方程22(1)0k x x k -+-=的一个根为1,则k 的值为__________. 30.如图,四边形ABCD 中,∠A =∠B =90°,AB =5cm ,AD =3cm ,BC =2cm ,P 是AB 上一点,若以P 、A 、D 为顶点的三角形与△PBC 相似,则PA =_____cm .三、解答题31.某商店专门销售某种品牌的玩具,成本为30元/件,每天的销售量y (件)与销售单价x (元)之间存在着如图所示的一次函数关系.(1)求y与x之间的函数关系式;(2)当销售单价为多少元时,每天获取的利润最大,最大利润是多少?(3)为了保证每天的利润不低于3640元,试确定该玩具销售单价的范围.32.如图,AB为⊙O的直径,AC、DC为弦,∠ACD=60°,P为AB延长线上的点,∠APD=30°.(1)求证:DP是⊙O的切线;(2)若⊙O的半径为3cm,求图中阴影部分的面积.33.如图,AB为O的直径,PD切O于点C,交AB的延长线于点D,且D A∠=∠.2∠的度数.(1)求D(2)若O的半径为2,求BD的长.34.超市销售某种儿童玩具,如果每件利润为40元(市场管理部门规定,该种玩具每件利润不能超过60元),每天可售出50件.根据市场调查发现,销售单价每增加2元,每天销售量会减少1件.设销售单价增加x元,每天售出y件.(1)请写出y与x之间的函数表达式;(2)当x为多少时,超市每天销售这种玩具可获利润2250元?(3)设超市每天销售这种玩具可获利w元,当x为多少时w最大,最大值是多少?⊥交AB于点P,过点B的直线交OP的延长线于35.如图,AB是⊙O的弦,OP OA点C,且BC是⊙O的切线.(1)判断CBP ∆的形状,并说明理由; (2)若6,2OA OP ==,求CB 的长;(3)设AOP ∆的面积是1,S BCP ∆的面积是2S ,且1225S S =.若⊙O 的半径为6,45BP =,求tan APO ∠.四、压轴题36.如图,在Rt △ABC 中,∠A=90°,0是BC 边上一点,以O 为圆心的半圆与AB 边相切于点D ,与BC 边交于点E 、F ,连接OD ,已知BD=3,tan ∠BOD=34,CF=83.(1)求⊙O 的半径OD ; (2)求证:AC 是⊙O 的切线; (3)求图中两阴影部分面积的和.37.如图1,ABC ∆是⊙O 的内接等腰三角形,点D 是弧AC 上异于,A C 的一个动点,射线AD 交底边BC 所在的直线于点E ,连结BD 交AC 于点F . (1)求证:ADB CDE ∠=∠;(2)若7BD =,3CD =,①求AD DE •的值;②如图2,若AC BD ⊥,求tan ACB ∠;(3)若5tan 2CDE ∠=,记AD x =,ABC ∆面积和DBC ∆面积的差为y ,直接写出y 关于x 的函数关系式.38.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,对于任意三点A ,B ,C ,给出如下定义:如果矩形的任何一条边均与某条坐标轴平行,且A ,B ,C 三点都在矩形的内部或边界上,则称该矩形为点A,B,C的覆盖矩形.点A,B,C的所有覆盖矩形中,面积最小的矩形称为点A,B,C的最优覆盖矩形.例如,下图中的矩形A1B1C1D1,A2B2C2D2,AB3C3D3都是点A,B,C的覆盖矩形,其中矩形AB3C3D3是点A,B,C的最优覆盖矩形.(1)已知A(﹣2,3),B(5,0),C(t,﹣2).①当t=2时,点A,B,C的最优覆盖矩形的面积为;②若点A,B,C的最优覆盖矩形的面积为40,求直线AC的表达式;(2)已知点D(1,1).E(m,n)是函数y=4x(x>0)的图象上一点,⊙P是点O,D,E的一个面积最小的最优覆盖矩形的外接圆,求出⊙P的半径r的取值范围.39.如图,在⊙O中,弦AB、CD相交于点E,AC=BD,点D在AB上,连接CO,并延长CO交线段AB于点F,连接OA、OB,且OA=5,tan∠OBA=12.(1)求证:∠OBA=∠OCD;(2)当△AOF是直角三角形时,求EF的长;(3)是否存在点F,使得S△CEF=4S△BOF,若存在,请求EF的长,若不存在,请说明理由.40.如图,PA切⊙O于点A,射线PC交⊙O于C、B两点,半径OD⊥BC于E,连接BD、DC和OA,DA交BP于点F;(1)求证:∠ADC+∠CBD=12∠AOD;(2)在不添加任何辅助线的情况下,请直接写出图中相等的线段.【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题 1.D 解析:D 【解析】 【分析】满足题意的有两点,一是此方程为一元一次方程,即未知数x 的次数为1;二是方程的解为x=1,即1使等式成立,根据两点列式求解. 【详解】 解:根据题意得, a-1=1,2+m=2, 解得,a=2,m=0, ∴a-m=2. 故选:D. 【点睛】本题考查一元一次方程的定义及方程解的定义,对定义的理解是解答此题的关键.2.B解析:B 【解析】 【分析】根据平均数、方差、中位数和众数的定义分别对每一项进行分析,即可得出答案. 【详解】解:调整前的平均数是:26042804300443⨯+⨯+⨯⨯=280;调整后的平均数是:260528023005525⨯+⨯+⨯++=280; 故A 正确;调整前的方差是:()()()222142602804280280430028012⎡⎤-+-+-⎣⎦=8003; 调整后的方差是:()()()222152602802280280530028012⎡⎤-+-+-⎣⎦=10003; 故B 错误;调整前:把这些数从小到大排列为:260,260,260,260,280,280,280,280,300,300,300,300;最中间两个数的平均数是:280,则中位数是280,调整后:把这些数从小到大排列为:260,260,260,260,260,280,280,300,300,300,300,300;最中间两个数的平均数是:280,则中位数是280, 故C 正确;调整前的极差是40,调整后的极差也是40,则极差不变, 故D 正确. 故选B. 【点睛】此题考查了平均数、方差、中位数和极差的概念,掌握各个数据的计算方法是关键.3.C解析:C 【解析】 【分析】找到两个抛物线的顶点,根据抛物线的顶点即可判断是如何平移得到. 【详解】解:∵y =2(x -1)2+3的顶点坐标为(1,3),y=2x 2的顶点坐标为(0,0),∴将抛物线y=2x 2向右平移1个单位,再向上平移3个单位,可得到抛物线y =2(x -1)2+3 故选:C . 【点睛】本题考查了二次函数图象与几何变换,解答时注意抓住点的平移规律和求出关键点顶点坐标.4.B解析:B 【解析】 【分析】根据圆周角大于对应的圆外角可得当ABC ∆的外接圆与x 轴相切时,ACB ∠有最大值,此时圆心F 的横坐标与C 点的横坐标相同,并且在经过AB 中点且与直线AB 垂直的直线上,根据FB=FC 列出关于b 的方程求解即可. 【详解】解:∵AB=A(0,2)、B(a ,a +2)= 解得a =4或a =-4(因为a >0,舍去) ∴B(4,6),设直线AB 的解析式为y=kx+2, 将B(4,6)代入可得k =1,所以y=x+2,利用圆周角大于对应的圆外角得当ABC ∆的外接圆与x 轴相切时,ACB ∠有最大值. 如下图,G 为AB 中点,()2,4G ,设过点G 且垂直于AB 的直线:l y x m =-+, 将()2,4G 代入可得6m =,所以6y x =-+.设圆心(),6F b b -+,由FC FB =,可知()()()2226466b b b -+=-+-+-,解得262b =(已舍去负值).故选:B. 【点睛】本题考查圆的综合题,一次函数的应用和已知两点坐标,用勾股定理求两点距离.能结合圆的切线和圆周角定理构建图形找到C 点的位置是解决此题的关键.5.B解析:B 【解析】 【分析】直接得出朝上面的数字大于4的个数,再利用概率公式求出答案. 【详解】∵一枚质地均匀的骰子,其六个面上分别标有数字1,2,3,4,5,6,投掷一次, ∴共有6种情况,其中朝上面的数字大于4的情况有2种, ∴朝上一面的数字是朝上面的数字大于4的概率为:2163=, 故选:B . 【点睛】本题考查简单的概率求法,概率=所求情况数与总情况数的比;熟练掌握概率公式是解题关键.解析:A【解析】【分析】根据一元二次方程的解的定义,将a 代入已知方程,即可求得a 2+3a 的值,然后再代入求值即可.【详解】解:根据题意,得a 2+3a ﹣1=0,解得:a 2+3a =1,所以a 2+3a+2019=1+2019=2020.故选:A.【点睛】此题考查的是一元二次方程的解,掌握一元二次方程解的定义是解决此题的关键7.A解析:A【解析】【分析】根据一元二次方程的定义逐一判断即可.【详解】解:A . 2321x x =+是一元二次方程,故本选项符合题意;B . 3230x x --是一元三次方程,故本选项不符合题意;C . 221x y -=是二元二次方程,故本选项不符合题意;D . 20x y +=是二元一次方程,故本选项不符合题意;故选A .【点睛】此题考查的是一元二次方程的判断,掌握一元二次方程的定义是解决此题的关键.8.D解析:D【解析】【分析】先将常数项移到右侧,然后两边同时加上一次项系数一半的平方,配方后进行判断即可.【详解】2890x x ++=,289x x +=-,2228494x x ++=-+,所以()247x +=,【点睛】本题考查了配方法解一元二次方程,熟练掌握配方法的一般步骤以及注意事项是解题的关键.9.B解析:B【解析】【分析】根据已知条件想办法证明BG=GH=DH ,即可解决问题;【详解】解:∵四边形ABCD 是平行四边形,∴AB ∥CD ,AD ∥BC ,AB=CD ,AD=BC ,∵DF=CF ,BE=CE , ∴12DH DF HB AB ==,12BG BE DG AD ==, ∴13DH BG BD BD ==, ∴BG=GH=DH ,∴S △ABG =S △AGH =S △ADH ,∴S 平行四边形ABCD =6 S △AGH ,∴S △AGH :ABCD S 平行四边形=1:6,∵E 、F 分别是边BC 、CD 的中点, ∴12EF BD =, ∴14EFC BCDD S S =, ∴18EFC ABCD SS =四边形, ∴1176824AGH EFC ABCD S S S +=+=四边形=7∶24, 故选B.【点睛】本题考查了平行四边形的性质、平行线分线段成比例定理、等底同高的三角形面积性质,题目的综合性很强,难度中等.10.A解析:A【解析】【分析】直接把已知数据代入进而得出c 的值,再解方程根据根的判别式分析即可.【详解】∵x =﹣1为方程x 2﹣8x ﹣c =0的根,1+8﹣c =0,解得c =9,∴原方程为x 2-8x +9=0,∵24b ac ∆=-=(﹣8)2-4×9>0,∴方程有两个不相等的实数根.故选:A .【点睛】本题考查一元二次方程的解、一元二次方程根的判别式,解题的关键是掌握一元二次方程根的判别式,对于一元二次方程()200++=≠ax bx c a ,根的情况由24b ac ∆=-来判别,当24b ac ->0时,方程有两个不相等的实数根,当24b ac -=0时,方程有两个相等的实数根,当24b ac -<0时,方程没有实数根.11.C解析:C【解析】【分析】利用一元二次方程的定义判断即可.【详解】A 、方程2x ﹣3=x 为一元一次方程,不符合题意;B 、方程2x +3y =5是二元一次方程,不符合题意;C 、方程2x ﹣x 2=1是一元二次方程,符合题意;D 、方程x +1x=7是分式方程,不符合题意, 故选:C .【点睛】本题考查了一元一次方程的问题,掌握一元一次方程的定义是解题的关键.12.A解析:A【解析】【分析】根据题意可求得CM 的长,再根据点和圆的位置关系判断即可.【详解】如图,∵由勾股定理得2268 ,∵CM 是AB 的中线,∴CM=5cm ,∴d=r ,所以点M 在⊙C 上,故选A .【点睛】本题考查了点和圆的位置关系,解决的根据是点在圆上⇔圆心到点的距离=圆的半径.13.C解析:C【解析】【分析】根据抛物线的对称性确定抛物线与x 轴的另一个交点为(−3,0),然后观察函数图象,找出抛物线在x 轴上方的部分所对应的自变量的范围即可.【详解】∵y =ax 2+bx +c 的对称轴为直线x =−1,与x 轴的一个交点为(1,0),∴抛物线与x 轴的另一个交点为(−3,0),∴当−3<x <1时,y >0.故选:C .【点睛】此题主要考查二次函数的图像与性质,解题的关键是根据函数对称轴找到抛物线与x 轴的交点.14.D解析:D【解析】【分析】设点B 的横坐标为x ,然后表示出BC 、B′C 的横坐标的距离,再根据位似变换的概念列式计算.【详解】设点B 的横坐标为x ,则B 、C 间的横坐标的长度为﹣1﹣x ,B′、C 间的横坐标的长度为a+1,∵△ABC 放大到原来的2倍得到△A′B′C ,∴2(﹣1﹣x )=a+1,解得x=﹣12(a+3),故选:D.【点睛】本题考查了位似变换,坐标与图形的性质,根据位似变换的定义,利用两点间的横坐标的距离等于对应边的比列出方程是解题的关键.15.B解析:B【解析】【分析】【详解】解:∵抛物线和x轴有两个交点,∴b2﹣4ac>0,∴4ac﹣b2<0,∴①正确;∵对称轴是直线x﹣1,和x轴的一个交点在点(0,0)和点(1,0)之间,∴抛物线和x轴的另一个交点在(﹣3,0)和(﹣2,0)之间,∴把(﹣2,0)代入抛物线得:y=4a﹣2b+c>0,∴4a+c>2b,∴②错误;∵把(1,0)代入抛物线得:y=a+b+c<0,∴2a+2b+2c<0,∵b=2a,∴3b,2c<0,∴③正确;∵抛物线的对称轴是直线x=﹣1,∴y=a﹣b+c的值最大,即把(m,0)(m≠0)代入得:y=am2+bm+c<a﹣b+c,∴am2+bm+b<a,即m(am+b)+b<a,∴④正确;即正确的有3个,故选B.考点:二次函数图象与系数的关系二、填空题16.115°【解析】【分析】根据∠EDC=180°﹣∠E﹣∠DCE,想办法求出∠E,∠DCE即可.【详解】由题意可知:CA=CE,∠ACE=90°,∴∠E=∠CAE=45°,∵∠ACD=7解析:115°【解析】【分析】根据∠EDC=180°﹣∠E﹣∠DCE,想办法求出∠E,∠DCE即可.【详解】由题意可知:CA=CE,∠ACE=90°,∴∠E=∠CAE=45°,∵∠ACD=70°,∴∠DCE=20°,∴∠EDC=180°﹣∠E﹣∠DCE=180°﹣45°﹣20°=115°,故答案为115°.【点睛】本题考查了旋转的性质,等腰直角三角形的性质,三角形的内角和定理等知识,解题的关键是灵活运用所学知识,问题,属于中考常考题型.17.8【解析】【分析】先作出辅助线,连接切点,利用内切圆的性质得到BE=BF,CE=CG,ME=MH,NG=NH,再利用等量代换即可解题.【详解】解:∵圆O是△ABC的内切圆,MN是圆O的切线解析:8【解析】【分析】先作出辅助线,连接切点,利用内切圆的性质得到BE=BF,CE=CG,ME=MH,NG=NH,再利用等量代换即可解题.【详解】解:∵圆O是△ABC的内切圆,MN是圆O的切线,如下图,连接各切点,有切线长定理易得,BE=BF,CE=CG,ME=MH,NG=NH,∵△ABC周长为20cm, BC=6cm,∴BC=CE+BE=CG+BF=6cm,∴△AMN 的周长=AM+AN+MN=AM+AN+FM+GN=AF+AG,又∵AF+AG=AB+AC-(BF+CG)=20-6-6=8cm故答案是8【点睛】本题考查了三角形内接圆的性质,切线长定理的应用,中等难度,熟练掌握等量代换的方法是解题关键.18.-22【解析】【分析】先确定的整数部分的规律,根据题意确定算式的运算规律,再进行实数运算.【详解】解:观察数据12=1,22=4,32=9,42=16,52=25,62=36的特征,得出数 解析:-22【解析】【分析】 1,2,32020的整数部分的规律,根据题意确定算式123420192020⎡⎡⎡⎤⎡-+-+⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅+-⎣⎣⎣⎦⎣的运算规律,再进行实数运算. 【详解】解:观察数据12=1,22=4,32=9,42=16,52=25,62=36的特征,得出数据1,2,3,4……2020中,算术平方根是1的有3个,算术平方根是2的有5个,算数平方根是3的有7个,算数平方根是4的有9个,…其中432=1849,442=1936,452=2025,所以在1⎡⎤⎣⎦、22020⎡⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⎣中,算术平方根依次为1,2,3……43的个数分别为3,5,7,9……个,均为奇数个,最大算数平方根为44的有85个,所以123420192020⎡⎡⎡⎤⎡-+-+⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅+-⎣⎣⎣⎦⎣=1-2+3-4+…+43-44= -22 【点睛】本题考查自定义运算,通过正整数的算术平方根的整数部分出现的规律,找到算式中相同加数的个数及符号的规律,方能进行运算.19.2-2【解析】【分析】根据黄金分割点的定义,知AP 是较长线段;则AP=AB ,代入运算即可.【详解】解:由于P 为线段AB=4的黄金分割点,且AP 是较长线段;则AP=4×=cm ,故答案为解析:2【解析】【分析】根据黄金分割点的定义,知AP 是较长线段;则AB ,代入运算即可. 【详解】解:由于P 为线段AB=4的黄金分割点,且AP 是较长线段;则AP=4×12=)21cm ,故答案为:(2)cm.【点睛】此题考查了黄金分割的定义,应该识记黄金分割的公式:较短的线段=,难度一般. 20.720(1+x )2=845.【解析】【分析】增长率问题,一般用增长后的量=增长前的量×(1+增长率),参照本题,如果该企业全年收入的年平均增长率为x ,根据2017年全年收入720万元,2019 解析:720(1+x )2=845.【解析】【分析】增长率问题,一般用增长后的量=增长前的量×(1+增长率),参照本题,如果该企业全年收入的年平均增长率为x ,根据2017年全年收入720万元,2019年全年收入845万元,即可得出方程.【详解】解:设该企业全年收入的年平均增长率为x ,则2018的全年收入为:720×(1+x )2019的全年收入为:720×(1+x)2.那么可得方程:720(1+x)2=845.故答案为:720(1+x)2=845.【点睛】本题考查了一元二次方程的运用,解此类题的关键是掌握等量关系式:增长后的量=增长前的量×(1+增长率).21.(﹣2,5)【解析】【分析】已知抛物线的顶点式,可直接写出顶点坐标.【详解】解:由y=3(x+2)2+5,根据顶点式的坐标特点可知,顶点坐标为(﹣2,5).故答案为:(﹣2,5).【点解析:(﹣2,5)【解析】【分析】已知抛物线的顶点式,可直接写出顶点坐标.【详解】解:由y=3(x+2)2+5,根据顶点式的坐标特点可知,顶点坐标为(﹣2,5).故答案为:(﹣2,5).【点睛】本题考查二次函数的性质,熟知二次函数的顶点式是解题的关键,即在y=a(x-h)2+k中,顶点坐标为(h,k),对称轴为x=h.22.【解析】【分析】在OA上取使,得,则,根据点到直线的距离垂线段最短可知当⊥AB时,CP最小,由相似求出的最小值即可.【详解】解:如图,在OA上取使,∵,∴,在△和△QOC中,,解析:455【解析】【分析】在OA上取'C使'OC OC=,得'OPC OQC≅,则CQ=C'P,根据点到直线的距离垂线段最短可知当'PC⊥AB时,CP最小,由相似求出C'P的最小值即可.【详解】解:如图,在OA上取'C使'OC OC=,∵90AOC POQ∠=∠=︒,∴'POC QOC∠=∠,在△'POC和△QOC中,''OP OQPOC QOCOC OC=⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩,∴△'POC≌△QOC(SAS),∴'PC QC=∴当'PC最小时,QC最小,过'C点作''C P⊥AB,∵直线l:28y x=+与坐标轴分别交于A,B两点,∴A坐标为:(0,8);B点(-4,0),∵'4OC OC OB===,∴22228445AB OA OB++=''4AC OA OC=-=.∵'''OB C Psin BAOAB AC∠==,''445C P=,∴4''55C P=∴线段CQ455【点睛】 本题主要考查了一次函数图像与坐标轴的交点及三角形全等的判定和性质、垂线段最短等知识,解题的关键是正确寻找全等三角形解决问题,学会利用垂线段最短解决最值问题,属于中考压轴题.23.(5,3)【解析】【分析】根据二次函数顶点式的性质直接求解.【详解】解:抛物线的顶点坐标是(5,3)故答案为:(5,3).【点睛】本题考查二次函数性质其顶点坐标为(h ,k ),题目比较解析:(5,3)【解析】【分析】根据二次函数顶点式2()y a x h k =-+的性质直接求解.【详解】 解:抛物线21(5)33y x =--+的顶点坐标是(5,3)故答案为:(5,3).【点睛】本题考查二次函数性质2()y a x h k =-+其顶点坐标为(h ,k ),题目比较简单. 24.3【解析】【分析】把AE =2,EC =6,AB =12代入已知比例式,即可求出答案.【详解】解:∵=,AE =2,EC =6,AB =12,∴=,解得:AD =3,故答案为:3.【点睛】本题解析:3 【解析】【分析】把AE =2,EC =6,AB =12代入已知比例式,即可求出答案.【详解】解:∵AD AB =AE AC,AE =2,EC =6,AB =12, ∴12AD =226, 解得:AD =3,故答案为:3.【点睛】 本题考查了成比例线段,灵活的将已知线段的长度代入比例式是解题的关键.25.(,2).【解析】【分析】【详解】解:如图,当点B 与点D 重合时,△BEF 面积最大,设BE=DE=x ,则AE=4-x ,在RT △ABE 中,∵EA2+AB2=BE2,∴(4-x )2+22=解析:(32,2). 【解析】【分析】【详解】解:如图,当点B 与点D 重合时,△BEF 面积最大,设BE=DE=x ,则AE=4-x ,在RT △ABE 中,∵EA 2+AB 2=BE 2,∴(4-x )2+22=x 2,∴x=52,∴BE=ED=52,AE=AD-ED=32,∴点E坐标(32,2).故答案为:(32,2).【点睛】本题考查翻折变换(折叠问题),利用数形结合思想解题是关键.26.【解析】【分析】根据一元二次方程的根的判别式,建立关于k的不等式,求出k的取值范围.【详解】根据一元二次方程的根的判别式,建立关于k的不等式,求出k的取值范围. ,,方程有两个不相等的实数解析:3k<【解析】【分析】根据一元二次方程的根的判别式,建立关于k的不等式,求出k的取值范围.【详解】根据一元二次方程的根的判别式,建立关于k的不等式,求出k的取值范围.1a,b=-,c k=方程有两个不相等的实数根,241240b ac k∴∆=-=->,3k∴<.故答案为:3k<.【点睛】本题考查了根的判别式.总结:一元二次方程根的情况与判别式△的关系:(1)△>0⇔方程有两个不相等的实数根;(2)△=0⇔方程有两个相等的实数根;(3)△<0⇔方程没有实数根.27.5【解析】【分析】根据直角三角形外接圆的直径是斜边的长进行求解即可.【详解】由勾股定理得:AB==10,∵∠ACB=90°,∴AB是⊙O的直径,∴这个三角形的外接圆直径是10;∴这解析:5【解析】【分析】根据直角三角形外接圆的直径是斜边的长进行求解即可.【详解】由勾股定理得:AB=22=10,68∵∠ACB=90°,∴AB是⊙O的直径,∴这个三角形的外接圆直径是10;∴这个三角形的外接圆半径长为5,故答案为5.【点睛】本题考查了90度的圆周角所对的弦是直径,熟练掌握是解题的关键.28.30【解析】【分析】如图,首先利用勾股定理判定△ABC是直角三角形,由题意得圆心O所能达到的区域是△DEG,且与△ABC三边相切,设切点分别为G、H、P、Q、M、N,连接DH、DG、EP、EQ解析:30【解析】【分析】如图,首先利用勾股定理判定△ABC是直角三角形,由题意得圆心O所能达到的区域是△DEG,且与△ABC三边相切,设切点分别为G、H、P、Q、M、N,连接DH、DG、EP、EQ、FM、FN,根据切线性质可得:AG=AH,PC=CQ,BN=BM,DG、EP分别垂直于AC,EQ、FN分别垂直于BC,FM、DH分别垂直于AB,继而则有矩形DEPG、矩形EQNF、矩形DFMH,从而可知DE=GP,EF=QN,DF=HM,DE∥GP,DF∥HM,EF∥QN,∠PEF =90°,根据题意可知四边形CPEQ是边长为1的正方形,根据相似三角形的判定可得△DEF ∽△ACB ,根据相似三角形的性质可知:DE ∶EF ∶FD =AC ∶CB ∶BA =3∶4∶5,进而根据圆心O 运动的路径长列出方程,求解算出DE 、EF 、FD 的长,根据矩形的性质可得:GP 、QN 、MH 的长,根据切线长定理可设:AG =AH =x ,BN =BM =y ,根据线段的和差表示出AC 、BC 、AB 的长,进而根据AC ∶CB ∶BA =3∶4∶5列出比例式,继而求出x 、y 的值,进而即可求解△ABC 的周长.【详解】∵AC ∶CB ∶BA =3∶4∶5,设AC =3a ,CB =4a ,BA =5a (a >0)∴()()()222222=345AC CB a a a BA ++==∴△ABC 是直角三角形,设⊙O 沿着△ABC 的内部边缘滚动一圈,如图所示,连接DE 、EF 、DF ,设切点分别为G 、H 、P 、Q 、M 、N ,连接DH 、DG 、EP 、EQ 、FM 、FN ,根据切线性质可得:AG =AH ,PC =CQ ,BN =BMDG 、EP 分别垂直于AC ,EQ 、FN 分别垂直于BC ,FM 、DH 分别垂直于AB ,∴DG ∥EP ,EQ ∥FN ,FM ∥DH ,∵⊙O 的半径为1∴DG =DH =PE =QE =FN =FM =1,则有矩形DEPG 、矩形EQNF 、矩形DFMH ,∴DE =GP ,EF =QN ,DF =HM ,DE ∥GP ,DF ∥HM ,EF ∥QN,∠PEF =90°又∵∠CPE =∠CQE =90°, PE =QE =1∴四边形CPEQ 是正方形,∴PC =PE =EQ =CQ =1,∵⊙O 的半径为1,且圆心O 运动的路径长为18,∴DE +EF +DF =18,∵DE ∥AC ,DF ∥AB ,EF ∥BC ,∴∠DEF =∠ACB ,∠DFE =∠ABC ,∴△DEF ∽△ABC ,∴DE :EF :DF =AC :BC :AB =3:4:5,设DE =3k (k >0),则EF =4k ,DF =5k ,∵DE +EF +DF =18,∴3k +4k +5k =18,解得k =32, ∴DE =3k =92,EF =4k =6,DF =5k =152, 根据切线长定理,设AG =AH =x ,BN =BM =y ,则AC =AG +GP +CP =x +92+1=x +5.5, BC =CQ +QN +BN =1+6+y =y +7,AB =AH +HM +BM =x +152+y =x +y +7.5, ∵AC :BC :AB =3:4:5, ∴(x +5.5):(y +7):(x +y +7.5)=3:4:5,解得x =2,y =3,∴AC =7.5,BC =10,AB =12.5,∴AC +BC +AB =30.所以△ABC 的周长为30.故答案为30.【点睛】本题是一道动图形问题,考查切线的性质定理、相似三角形的判定与性质、矩形的判定与性质、解直角三角形等知识点,解题的关键是确定圆心O 的轨迹,学会作辅助线构造相似三角形,综合运用上述知识点.29.0【解析】把x =1代入方程得,,即,解得.此方程为一元二次方程,,即,故答案为0.解析:0【解析】把x =1代入方程得,2110k k -+-=,即20k k -=,解得120,1k k ==.此方程为一元二次方程,10k ∴-≠,即1k ≠,0.k ∴=故答案为0.30.2或3【解析】【分析】根据相似三角形的判定与性质,当若点A ,P ,D 分别与点B ,C ,P 对应,与若点A ,P ,D 分别与点B ,P ,C 对应,分别分析得出AP 的长度即可.【详解】解:设AP =xcm .则解析:2或3【解析】【分析】根据相似三角形的判定与性质,当若点A ,P ,D 分别与点B ,C ,P 对应,与若点A ,P ,D 分别与点B ,P ,C 对应,分别分析得出AP 的长度即可.【详解】解:设AP =xcm .则BP =AB ﹣AP =(5﹣x )cm以A ,D ,P 为顶点的三角形与以B ,C ,P 为顶点的三角形相似,①当AD :PB =PA :BC 时,352x x =-, 解得x =2或3.②当AD :BC =PA +PB 时,3=25x x-,解得x =3, ∴当A ,D ,P 为顶点的三角形与以B ,C ,P 为顶点的三角形相似,AP 的值为2或3. 故答案为2或3.【点睛】本题考查了相似三角形的问题,掌握相似三角形的性质以及判定定理是解题的关键.三、解答题31.(1)10700y x =-+;(2)销售单价为50元时,每天获取的利润最大,最大利润是4000元;(3)44≤x ≤56【解析】【分析】(1)直接利用待定系数法求出一次函数解析式即可;(2)利用w=销量乘以每件利润进而得出关系式求出答案;(3)利用w=3640,进而解方程,再利用二次函数增减性得出答案.【详解】解:(1)y 与x 之间的函数关系式为:y kx b =+把(35,350),(55,150)代入得:由题意得:3503515055k b k b =+⎧⎨=+⎩解得:10700k b =-⎧⎨=⎩∴y 与x 之间的函数关系式为:10700y x =-+.(2)设销售利润为W 元则W=(x ﹣30)•y =(x ﹣30)(﹣10x +700),W =﹣10x 2+1000x ﹣21000W =﹣10(x ﹣50)2+4000∴当销售单价为50元时,每天获取的利润最大,最大利润是4000元.(3)令W =3640∴﹣10(x ﹣50)2+4000=3640∴x 1=44,x 2=56如图所示,由图象得:当44≤x ≤56时,每天利润不低于3640元.【点睛】此题主要考查了二次函数的应用以及待定系数法求一次函数解析式,正确掌握二次函数的性质是解题关键.32.(1)证明见解析;(22933()22cm . 【解析】【分析】(1)连接OD ,求出∠AOD ,求出∠DOB ,求出∠ODP ,根据切线判定推出即可. (2)求出OP 、DP 长,分别求出扇形DOB 和△ODP 面积,即可求出答案.【详解】解:(1)证明:连接OD ,。
上海兰生复旦初三上学期月考物理试卷(word版无答案)
兰生复旦中学2019学年第一学期第一阶段考试九年级物理试卷(考试时间90分钟满分100分)2019.9一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1.在如图所示的实例中,利用连通器原理工作的是( ) A .喷水枪 B .注射器 C .人耳半规管 D .离心式水泵 2.乒乓球不慎被压瘪(未破裂),下列关于球内气体的物理量变小的是( )A .质量B .体积C .密度D .压强3.甲、乙两个质量相同的实心物体漂浮在水面上,已知ρρ<甲乙.甲、乙所受的浮力分别为F 甲、F 乙,排开液体的体积分别为V 甲、V 乙,则( ) A .=F F 甲乙,V V >甲乙 B .<F F 甲乙,V V <甲乙 C .=F F 甲乙,V V =甲乙D .>F F 甲乙,V V >甲乙4.如图所示,盛有水的轻质密封容器放在水平桌面上,水对容器底的压强为p 水,容器对桌面的压强为p 容.将容器倒置在放在水平桌面上,此时水对容器的压强为p '水,容器对桌面的压强为p '容,下列判断中正确的是( )A .p p '>水水,p p '>容容B .p p '>水水,p p '<容容C .p p '<水水,p p '>容容D .p p '<水水,p p '<容容5.将一个重10牛的容器放置在水平地面上,再向容器中注入20牛的水(水不溢出),则注水后容器对水平地面的压力( ) A .一定为20牛B .一定为30牛C .可能为25牛D .可能大于30牛6.如图所示,一般远洋轮船上标有在不同海域航行时的吃水线位置,当这艘满载的船在不同水域航行时,下列说法正确的是( )A .这艘船受到的浮力F F <印度洋北大西洋B .这艘船排开海水的质量m m <印度洋北大西洋C .印度洋和北大西洋水的密度ρρ<印度洋北大西洋D .这艘船排开水的体积V V <印度洋北大西洋7.两个均匀实心正方体甲、乙,如图所示放置在水平地面上,乙对水平地面的压强为1p .若将两个正方体同时沿竖直方向切去相同的体积V ∆后(0.5V V ∆⋅甲).此时乙对地面的压强为2p .下列判断正确的是( ) A .1p 一定大于2pB .1p 一定小于2pC .1p 一定等于2pD .1p 可能小于2p8.如图所示,甲、乙两个实心均匀正方体放在水平地面上,甲对地面的压强小于.为了使甲、乙对地面的压强相等,小明设想:沿竖直方向截取部分乙后叠放在甲上;小红设想:沿水平方向截取部分乙后叠放在甲上.若用“一定不行”、“可能不行”、“一定行”做三个表情包,则“可能不行”的表情包( ) A .给小明B .给小红C .两人都给D .两人都不给9.如图所示,盛有液体的圆柱形容器甲和均匀圆柱体乙放置在水平地面上,容器质量忽略不计,甲、乙对地面的压强相等.现从容器中抽取部分液体、将圆柱体沿水平方向切去部分后,甲对地面的压强大于乙对地面的压强.则甲、乙剩余部分的体积分别是V 甲、V 乙,则( )A .V 甲一定大于V 乙B .V 甲可能等于V 乙C .V 甲一定小于V 乙D .V 甲可能小于V 乙10.如图所示,甲、乙两实心均匀正方体分别放置在同一水平桌面上,它们对桌面的压强相等.现分别在两个正方体的上部沿水平方向切去一部分,以下判断正确的是( ) A .若剩余的高度相等,则甲被切去的质量一定多 B .若剩余的质量相等,则甲被切去的厚度可能多 C .若切去的高度相等,则甲被切去的质量可能多D .若切去的质量相等,则甲被切去的厚度一定多 二、填空题(每空1分,共28分)11.冰的密度为30.910⨯千克/米3,表示__________.一块质量为1.8千克的冰的体积为__________米3,若它完全熔化成冰,其体积__________(选填“变大”、“变小”或“不变”).12.下列改变压强的实例:A .用来滑雪雪橇;B .铺设在铁轨下枕木;C .用来切断电线的斜口钳;D .锋利的菜刀;E .在拖拉机上安装履带.其中属于减小压强的是__________,属于增大压强的是__________.(均填字母)13.1644年意大利科学家__________首先用实验测定了大气压的值,但当时大多数人都不相信,直到1654年,著名的__________实验,才使人们确信大气压强的存在并且很大.大气压强的数值会随着海拔高度的增加而逐渐__________.(选填“增大”、“不变”或“减小”)14.当车辆被淹没后无法浮起的主要原因是:车辆受到的重力__________浮力(选填“大于”、“等于”或“小于”);其中车辆被淹得越深,车门越难从里面推开的主要原因是:______________________________. 15.我国自行设计的“蛟龙号”载人潜水器,最大下潜深度可达7000多米.当它下潜到深度为1000米处时,海水对它的压强约为__________帕(海水的密度近似取31.010⨯千克/米3),海水对“蛟龙号”每0.1米2的外表面产生的压力为__________牛.“蛟龙号”继续下潜过程中,所受浮力将__________(填“变大”、“不变”或“变小”).16.如图所示,将下口盖有轻质薄塑料片的两端开口的玻璃管竖直插入水中,塑料片距离水面0.1米,则塑料片受到水的压强为__________帕.移开手指,慢慢向玻璃管内注入酒精,当塑料片恰好下落时,管内液面与管外水面的位置关系是__________(选填“不相平”或“相平”).如果注入的是水,则当塑料片恰好下落时注入水的质量__________注入酒精的质量(选填“大于”、“等于”或“小于”).17.烧杯中装有一定量的水,水位如图(a )所示,用细绳将物体栓柱浸没在水中,水位如图(b )表示.此事细绳所受拉力为12N ,将物体缓慢向上提,当水位如图(c )所示时(其中C 处是AB 的中点),细绳所受拉力为17N ,此时物体所受浮力为__________牛,物体所受重力为__________牛,比较图(a )和(b ),烧杯底部所受到水的压力差为__________.18.如图(a )、(b )所示,将同一长方体木块以两种方式放在桌面底面积相同的两个圆柱形盛水容器中,则水对木块底部产生的压强a p __________b p ,水对木块底部产生的压力a F __________b F ,木块放入前后,水对容器底部压强的变化量a p ∆__________b P ∆(均选填“大于”、“等于”或“小于”)19.如图所示,甲、乙两个实心均匀正方体分别放在水平地面上,两个正方体的边长分别为h 甲和h 乙(h h >甲乙),它们对地面的压强相等.若在两个正方体的上部沿水平方向分别截去相同高度的部分,则它们对地面压力变化量F ∆甲__________F ∆乙(选填“一定”或“可能”)F ∆甲__________F ∆乙(选填“大于”、“等于”或“小于”);若在两正方体的上部沿水平方向分别截去相同的质量,则截去的高度之比:h h ∆∆甲乙为__________. 20.物理学中把具有流动性的液体和气体统称为流体,当流体处于流动状态时,其内部各处的压强有什么规律呢?小李同学将图(a )所示的玻璃管装置接到水流稳定的自来水管上,当水在玻璃管中流动时,可看到两个竖直管中液面的高度并不相同.从图甲中可以看出在A 、B 两处管的粗细不同,因而A 处流速小,B 处流速大.可见流体的压强与流速之间有着一定的关系.接着,小明又自制了一个飞机机翼模型,如图b 将其固定在托盘测力计上,在模型的正前方用电扇迎面吹风来模拟飞机飞行时的气流(a )(b )①由图(a )的实验现象,得出流体压强与流速之间的初步结论是_____________________________________. ②在图(b )所示的实验中,电扇没有吹风时,托盘测力计的示数等于机翼模型的能力大小.当电扇转动后,发现托盘测力计的示数减小了,请用上述实验结论分析原因________________________________________. ③下列情形中,能够运用上述实验结论进行解释的是__________(选填序号). A .将氢气球放手后,它会飘向空中. B .地铁站台上,人必须在警戒线外候车 C .船舶航行时应避免两艘靠近的船并排前进 三、作图题(每题2分,共6分)21.如图,甲和乙是同种材料制成的两个正方体,边长之比为1:2,甲的重力为1牛.用力的图示法画出地面所受到的压力.22.重为10牛的物体静止在斜面上,对斜面的压力为6牛,请用力的图示法在图中画出斜面受到的压力. 23.如图所示,重力为3牛的小球漂浮在水面上处于静止状态,请用力的图示法画出小球受到的浮力. 四、计算题(共28分)24.体积为3210⨯米3的物体浸没在酒精中,求它所受的浮力F 浮.(已知30.810ρ=⨯酒精千克/米3),求: 25.如图所示,水平地面上放有轻质柱形容器A 和实心正方体B .A 的底面积为2110-⨯米2,高为0.4,其中盛有深度为0.35米的水,B 的质量为20千克,体积为3810⨯米3. ①求A 中水对容器底部的压强为p 水. ②求B 的密度b ρ.③小陆同学将同一物体先后放入容器A 中(物体漂浮在水面上)、叠放在B 正方体上表面中央,并作出了如下表所示的猜想,请你分析判断猜想是否可能成立,如果猜想成立,求物体的质量m ,如果不成立说法理由.猜想判断(选填“可能”或“不可能”) (1) 水对容器底部压强p 水等于B 对地面压强b p ______________________________ (2)水对容器底部压强增加量p ∆水等于B 对地面压强量b p ∆______________________________26.一个底面直径为2R ,底面积为S 的薄壁圆柱形容器的放在水平地面上,容器内装有一定量的水. (1)若容器内水的质量为2千克,求水的体积.(2)若在水中浸入一个正方体,正方体沉底后,液体深度变为h ,液体对容器底部的压强的增加量为1p ∆为使p ∆达到最大,求该正方体的边长及液体对容器底部的压强的增加量p ∆水(结果用ρ水、S 、R 、h 等字母表示)27.如图所示,底面积为0.02米2、高为0.15米的薄壁圆柱形容器甲,放置于水平地面上,内盛有0.1米深的水;另有高为0.4米的圆柱形木块乙,同样放置于水平地面上,底面积为0.01米2,密度为0.5ρ水.求: (1)圆柱形木块乙的质量m 乙.(2)若在乙上方沿水平方向切去厚为h ∆的木块,并将切去部分竖直放在容器甲内,此时水对容器底部的压强的增加量为p ∆水,容器对地面的压强增加量为p ∆地,请通过计算求出p ∆地与p ∆水相等时所对应的h ∆的取值范围.五、实验题(每空1分,共18分)28.如图所示是本学期物理活动卡中的几个实验装置.(a )(b )(c )(d )图(a )中,为了研究压力的作用效果与哪些因素有关,某同学把铅笔压在大拇指和食指之间,感觉食指比大拇指痛,说明:_____________________________________________________________________________.图(b )中,两支恰好能套在一起的试管,在较大的试管中注入约13的水,将较小的试管插入大试管中,然后迅速把它们一起倒过来.会观察到:___________________________________________________________. 图(c )可以用来验证__________.实验中弹簧测力计的两次读数差(12F F -)表明了__________,计算21V V -是为了进一步计算__________的大小.装置(d )器材名称是__________,小华在用该器材研究液体内部压强与液体密度的关系时,将带橡皮膜的塑料盒插入不同液体的__________深度(选填“相同”或“不同”),通过观察比较__________,继而得出结论.29.如图,此时的大气压值为__________来汞柱高.图字不清30.在“测定物质的密度”和“探究物质质量与体积的关系”两个实验中,都需要测量的物理量是质量与__________.“探究物质质量与体积的关系”实验中,除了天平、量筒、水等器材外,还需要有__________.并且应多次改变物质的__________.31.某小组同学探究在某一盛有液体的柱形容器内浸入漂浮的实心物体前、后容器底部所受液体压强的增加量p ∆液与哪些因素有关时,同学们猜想:p ∆液与漂浮的实心物体的密度ρ物和体积V 物有关,于是选择了六个物体,先后放入盛有某种液体的同一柱形容器中(液体均不溢出),并测得p ∆液.实验示意图及相应数据见下表.实验序号12 3 4 5 6实验示意图V物(米3)0.0010.0010.0010.00150.0020.004ρ物(千克/米3)800600400400400200 p∆液(帕)16012080120160__________①根据表中的实验数据,__________(选填“可以”或“不可以”)验证p∆液与漂浮的实心物体的密度ρ物和体积V物相关的猜想.②分析比较实验序号__________的实验现象和相关条件,可得出的初步结论是:密度不同的实心物体漂浮在同一盛有液体的柱形容器中前、后,__________.③分析比较实验序号__________的实验现象和相关条件,可得出的初步结论是:密度相同的实心物体漂浮在同一盛有液体的柱形容器中前、后,__________.④该组同学还通过进一步分析得到了结论,请根据实验能够得到的结论填写实验序号6中相关数据:p∆液为__________帕.。
【物理】上海民办兰生复旦中学九年级上册期中精选试卷检测题
【物理】上海民办兰生复旦中学九年级上册期中精选试卷检测题一、初三物理电流和电路易错压轴题(难)1.现有两只小灯泡L1、L2,它们的额定电压分别为2.5V和3.8V.(1)如图甲是小明测定灯泡L1额定功率的实物电路图(不完整).①请用笔画线代替导线将实物电路图连接完整_____.②闭合开关前,应将滑动变阻器的滑片P移到__端(选填“A”或“B”).闭合开关后发现:小灯泡不亮,电流表示数为零,而电压表示数接近电源电压。
经检查,电流表是完好的,仅滑动变阻器或小灯泡存在故障,则电路中的故障是__.排除故障后,闭合开关,仍发现小灯泡不亮,电流表指针偏转很小,要使该小灯泡发光只需__。
③当电压表示数为2.5V时,电流表示数如图乙所示,则灯泡L1的额定功率为__W.(2)小华利用图丙所示的电路测出了灯泡L2的额定功率.图中R为阻值已知的定值电阻,还缺两个开关和一只电表(电流表或电压表),请在虚线框内补上这三个元件的符号,使电路完整,实验操作简单______.【答案】A灯泡断路移动滑动变阻器0.8【解析】(1)①根据图中电表的正、负接线柱,从电源正极连接开关,滑动变阻器的接线柱要求一上一下的串联在电路中,所以将C或D连到电源负极即可,如下图所示:②电压表有示数,说明电压表与电源连通;电流表示数几乎为零,灯泡不发光,说明电路断路或电路的总电阻很大,导致这一现象的原因可能是小灯泡断路而导致电压表串联在电路中;③为了保护电路,闭合开关前,滑片P应处在使电路中电阻最大位置A端;由乙图,电流表使用0-0.6A量程,分度值为0.02A,示数为0.32A,所以灯泡L1的额定功率:;(2)由上面的分析知,右上边的是电压表;左边两虚线框内是开关,如图所示:①只闭合S和中间的开关,移动滑片使电压表示数为3.8V;②保持滑片位置不动,断开中间开关,闭合左上边开关,测出灯与R的总电压,根据串联电路的电压特点计算出R两端电压U R;③由计算出R的电流,即灯泡此时的电流,由P=U额I额计算灯泡L2电功率即可.故答案为:(1). (2). A (3). 灯泡断路 (4). 移动滑动变阻器(5). 0.8 (6).【点睛】本题是测灯泡额定功率的实验,考查了电路连接、变阻器的使用、电表读数和功率计算以及特殊方法测功率的电路设计.特殊方法测功率时,只给电流表通常会使用并联电路,只给电压表时通常使用并联电路,利用已知阻值的电阻与电表的组合间接测电压或电流达到实验目的。
2019-2020学年上海市杨浦区民办兰生复旦中学九年级(上)期中化学试卷
2019-2020 学年上海市杨浦区民办兰生复旦中学九年级(上)期中化学试卷一、选择题(合计24 分)1.( 1 分)以下变化属于化学变化的是()A .树根“变”根雕B.玉石“变”印章C.水果“变”果汁D.葡萄“变”美酒2.( 1 分)常州博物馆启用了“真空充氮杀虫灭菌消毒机”来办理和保护文物。
马上文物置于该机器内,三天后氮气浓度可达99.99%;再密闭三天左右,好氧菌、厌氧菌和丝状霉菌都被杀灭。
以下有关氮气说法错误的选项是()A.氮气还可以用于灯泡填补气B.往常状况下氮气的化学性质很开朗C.氮气不可以供应呼吸D.高浓度氮气可克制菌类的生长3.( 1 分)上海市垃圾分类推行的“四分类”标准,废荧光灯管属于()A.B.C.D.4.( 1 分)以下变化中,氧元素由化合态所有变为游离态都是()A .分别液态空气制取氧气B.铁丝焚烧C.电解水D.双氧水制取氧气5.( 1 分)依据剖析证明:健康人的头发每克约含铁130mg 、锌 167~172mg、铝 5mg、硼 7mg 等。
这里的铁、锌、铝、硼是指()A .分子B .原子C.元素D.单质6.( 1 分)物质的俗名、化学式一致的是()A .水: H2O2B.熟石灰: CaOC.胆矾: CuSO4?5H2O D.水银: Hg7.( 1 分)以下选项切合图示附属关系的是()A B C DX 金属溶液纯净物化合反响Y 单质乳浊液化合物氧化反响A .AB .B C.C D. D2 2 的解说正确的选项是()8.( 1 分)以下有关 2molH OA .含有 2molO2B .与质量为 36 克水含有同样数目的氢原子C.该物质的摩尔质量为68g/molD .共含有约 1.204×1024个氧原子9.( 1 分)以下物质放入水中能形成无色溶液的是()A .高锰酸钾B .硝酸钾C.碳酸钙D.胆矾10.( 1 分)计算必定质量的纯净物所含的微粒个数,以下量没实用途的是()A .微粒大小B.微粒的质量C.阿伏伽德罗常数D.摩尔质量11.(1 分)氮化硅(Si3N4)是一种高温陶瓷资料,硬度大、熔点高、化学性质稳固。
上海牛津沪教版初三英语9A-2017学年-兰生复旦-第一阶段测试-杨浦(含答案)
兰生复旦中学2017学年度第一学期第一阶段九年级英语测试试卷(总分:100分时间:90分钟)Part Two Grammar and Vocabulary 35%I. Choose the best answer.10%15.Which of the following underline parts is different in pronunciation from the others?A.We should think of a plot when creating a comic strip.B.The fish are remo ved from the birds’ months by Damin.C.Yesterday a bank robbery happened at the end of the corner.D.He was so shocked that he could hardly say a word.16.Word came that several __________soldiers were coming.A.hundreds of enemyB.hundreds enemiesC. hundred enemiesD. hundred enemy17.--Which of the books is better?--I have no idea, but you can take either of them and leave __________ with me.A.oneB.anotherC.the otherD.other oneing computers makes it __________ for us to do our daily work than before.A.easyB. easierC. easilyD.more easily19.He was doing shopping at the supermarket __________his mobile phone rang.A.whenB.whileC.afterD.until20.All the buildings I have seen are excellent __________ their location.A.exceptB.besidesC.except forD.but21.In front of the farmhouse__________.y a peasant boyid a peasant boyC. A peasant layD.did a peasant boy lie22.__________ already been interviewed.A.A number of applicants haveB.A number of applicants hasC.The number of applicants haveD.The number of applicants has23. A professor together with his two assistants __________ to help with the work recently.A.were sentB.has been sentC.have been sentD.was sent24.What difficulty will you have __________ people when you stay in a foreign country?A.understandingB.understoodC.to understandD.understand BDCBA CAABAplete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. 5%Yuanmingyuan, covering an area of more than 5200 mu, is one of the biggest ancient Chinese parks. The ____(1)______ began before 1707. The designers designed several hundred landscapes.At its most magnificent time, it contained three major parts, _____(2)_____countless scenic spots. It was also like a big art museum, because there were many famous books, paintings, works of calligraphy, sculptures and so on in the park. They were ____(3)______in it. It was the reflection of ancient Chinese civilization. In 1860, a terrible historical event happened, the British and French invaders set fire to Yuanmingyuan and the park was ruined completely!After the PRC was founded, the Chinese government decided to keep it as it was so that tourists could visit it and remember the history. It attracts millions of people. The scenery and the ruins together_____(4)_____everyone’s desire to study and work harder to make our country stronger. Every year, on the third Saturday in September, everyone is _____(5)_____for free.CDAEBplete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. 8%1)She made an __________ to her friend for not being able to write to his last term.2)The farmer who took pity on the snake was given a __________bite.3)It is hardly __________that finally John managed to get on a plane.4)I won’t tell you his reaction--I’ll leave that to your __________.5)The organization cares for the children who lack the __________ of a good family.6)I hope the food producers will begin to behave much more __________in the future.7)They will send you the book for $15, postage __________.8)She’s tried to pass her driving test for two years and she’s __________.Apology deadly suprising imagination security responsibly included succeededIV. Rewrite the following sentences as required. 12%1)Many dogs created much mess on the streets and in parks.(改为否定句)Many dogs _____ _____much mess on the streets and in parks.2)Jill wrote some articles about the traditional skill last week.(改为被动语态)Some articles about the traditional skill_____ _____ by Jill last week.3)Ellen thought these peppers were rotten.(改为反义疑问句)4)Did Damin catch a lot of fish yesterday? Could you tell me?(宾语从句)Could you tell me_____ Damin _____ a lot of fish yesterday?5)The fisherman can run 10 kilometers in an hour.(就划线部分提问)_____ _____ can the fisherman run in an hour?6)considering, paper, hobby, he, taking, his , is cutting ,as(连词成句)_______________________________________________Didn’t create; were written; didn’t she; if caught; How far;He is considering taking paper cutting as his hobby.Part Three Reading Comprehension 35%I.Read the passage and choose the best answer. 9%A1)Gwyn, my youngest daughter, held Tiger as we drove down the country road to the vet’s on what was to be his last Friday morning. Privately, both of us nursed a forlorn (几乎无望的) hope. We joked and laughed, trying to ignore the shadow hanging over the cat sitting very quietly in her arms.2)At 16, Tiger was old for a cat. In quiet dignity(尊严), he let Gwyn pet him, perhaps understanding that this was a special trip. I glanced at the two as I drove, and thought back to the day when Tiger entered our lives.3)He had been a Christmas present to my second son Brian, handed down—as were his clothes and toys—from his older brother. Sadly, even our dogs had neglected Brian, responding much more eagerly to my commands, and those of my wife and older boy.4)And so, on Christmas Day 1954, I rose early with my wife to put the tiny kitten a neighbor had given us into the stocking that Brian had carefully hung to the mantel(壁炉)the night before. The first of my vivid memories involving Tiger is the look of joy on Brian’s face when he saw the kitten’s face ,when he saw the kitten’s head poking out of the stocking, and heard the plaintive (悲哀的)“meow”that proved his present was alive.5)From then on, Tiger’s life was filled with love. Brian cared for him tenderly, fed him, played with him. For a sometimes rough, sometimes clumsy child, Brian showed a gentleness with Tiger that was amazing. And at midnight, I would invariably find Tiger on Brian’s bed, stretched out beside him.6)My next clear memory of Tiger is also a happy one, which came after near-tragedy. One evening our next-door neighbor rang the front doorbell. “I’m sorry to have to tell you this,”she said when my wife answered the door, “but when I backed out of the driveway this noon, I’m afraid I ran your cat. I tried to help him, but he jumped up and ran away. I don’t know where he went or how badly he was hurt.”7)Four weeks passed with no sign of Tiger. Soldier-like, Brian tried to hide his fear that his friend had crawled away to die. It was a fear we all shared. And we came to accept his death—all of us except Brian.8)Every evening Brian would go to the door and call Tiger’s name. Finally, on the 28th day after the neighbor’s announcement, Brian had an answer. Out from under the front porch came Tiger, his tail high, walking with the pride and majesty(威严)he customarily displayed, behaving as if he had never been away. As he approached the door, Brian’s face was transformed with joy. But neither he nor Tiger displayed open affection in front of the family. There was a calm acceptance, an honoring by each of the other’s dignity. That night, though, when I checked Brian’s room, I saw that his cheeks were wet and a blissful smile was on his face. And his arm encircled his cat, who lay purring quietly beside him.25. From the first paragraph, we know that _________.A. Tiger was a cat and was dyingB. Tiger was a real tiger and was dyingC. Tiger was the second son of the writerD. Tiger was a Christmas present to the writer’s daughter26. The accident happened to Tiger was that _________.A. Tiger had a serious diseaseB. Tiger was hit by the car when the neighbor backed out of the drivewayC. Tiger had crawled away to dieD. Tiger was hit to death27. Which of the following statements is wrong?A. Tiger’s life was filled with love.B. Brian loved Tiger very much and tried his best to care for him.C. When there was no sign of Tiger, Brian didn’t believe that he was dead.D. When Tiger approached the door, Brian burst into tears.28. From the passage we can draw a conclusion that_________.A. in America, people love pets such as cats and dogsB. there are at least five people in the familyC. boys like to look after animalsD. boys like to sleep with cats lying beside themABDBBCABADCIII.Fill in the blanks with the first letter given 14%ANewcastle is beginning to d___(1)___ tourists from all corners of Europe. It’s one of the fastest developing cities in the United Kingdom. It is said most visitors come here to see the famous soccer team play. The m___(2)___ of the locals is often changed by the success or failures of the local team.Newcastle’s most popular place is the Gate. It’s in the center of the city and has many a___(3)___including bars, restaurants, sports bars, pubs and so on. During a home game it becomes a real home to happiness.Culture and local history lovers can make their dreams come true b___(4)___ taking one of the local city tour buses. They come and leave every few minutes and stop at all the important historical sites in the city. Also the seats and the e___(5)___ on the buses are comfortable. It’s the best way to see the city without t___(6)___ yourself out or getting cold. Places such as the Hancock Museum and Millennium Bridge are must-see attractions. But be careful if you’re s___(7)___ of time, Newcastle is a big place. So you should be prepared to k___(8)___ a few hours on one of these buses.If you want to watch the local team play soccer in the St. James Park, remember to book a ticket as early as possible. The locals are crazy soccer fans, and you’ll find it hard to get a ticket if you don’t wait in the queue early.As you can see, Newcastle is a fantastic city with so much to be o___(9)___and so many things to see. You’re sure to have a wonderful time here!Draw; mood; attractions; by; environment; tiring; short; kill; offeredBIn the Renaissance Period (文艺复兴时期) (1500-1650), people became interested in higher education. They wanted to learn the a___(1)___ languages such as Greek and Latin- languages that were used in the old times, and study mathematics, science, and so on. Many universities were set up during the 16th century.University education was a privilege (特权) of the rich. Girls were not a___(2)___ to attend and poor people could not afford to go. A member of a wealthy family could attend university at the age of ten. He might study in different universities and since the teaching was all done in Latin, it didn’t matter which country he studied in. It was not unusual for a young boy study one year in Italy and another in France without speaking either French or Italian.It was possible in the 16th century to c___(3)___ university without learning how to read or write. Since books were handwritten, there was not enough to give one to eachstudent. Often, only the teacher had a book. He would read to the students who would memorize what he said. Tests were oral, not written, In fact, many students finished school without ever writing a word!For the not so wealthy, grammar schools were built in towns. They learned basic grammar and mathematics, and took part in Bible study. At home, girls learned washing, cooking, dancing, and how to take care of their family. Poor children r___(4)___ attended school.The Renaissance was a time when learners did not simply accept what they were old. They did scientific experiments themselves to search for a___(5)___ to the mysteries (神秘)of the space. Copernicus calculated that the earth turned around the sun but was afraid to publish his works for fear that the Church would punish(惩罚)him. Galileo later supported this. The watch, the telescope and some others were some inventions of this period.Ancient; allowed; complete; rarely; answers。
【6套打包】上海民办兰生复旦中学中考第一次模拟考试英语试卷含答案
中考英语第一次模拟测试试卷一、单项选择(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 15 分)从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.— Have you watched parade to celebrate the 70th birthday of the Chinese PLA N avy?— Of course. What exciting one! I was too excited to fall asleep after watching it.A. a; aB. a; anC. the; anD. the; a2.— If someone is their way, what will British people do?— They will be patient enough to wait until he or she moves instead of pushing past.A. byB. inC. onD. beside3.— How did you put together the model boat so perfectly? You are gifted in DIY!— It’s easy. I just followed the .A. instructionsB. inventionsC. conditionsD. introductions4.Please speak to those children with hearing problems so that they can read yourmouth more easily and understand better.A. happilyB. politelayC. quietlyD. slowly5.Ten million roads, safety first. So everyone drive after drinking. It’s against the law.A. needn’tB. mustn’tC. couldn’tD. wouldn’t6.Roy (王源) smoking when he was in the restaurant. He is regretting doing that.A. sawB. is seenC. has seenD. was seen7.A reprot shows that about of the children a great interest in computer games.A. three fourths; takesB. three-fourth; takeseC. three-fourths; take D .three-fourth; take8.Don’t too late tonight, or you will feel sleepy in class tomorrow.A. get upB. put upC. stay upD. wake up9.the children under 12 with infantile autism (自闭症) up to 2 million now.A. A number of; isB. The number of; isC. The number of; areD. A number of; are10.—We’ll graduate in June. What do you think of our junior high school life?— I think it will be one of periods in my life.A. the most meaningfulB. more meaningfulC. much meaningfulD. meaningful11.—is knocking at the door. Go and see who it is.— It might be the delivery man. I bought some books online days ago.A. EveryoneB. AnyoneC. No oneD. Someone12.— Would you please tell us something about Canada?—I’m so sorry. Jack I have been there.A. Neither, norB. Either, orC. Both, andD. Not only, but also13.—I can’t believe you have finished the difficult task in such a short time.— My friends helped me out. Just as the saying goes, “.”A. Many hands make light workB. Every dog has its dayC. Too many cooks spoil the soupD. Actions speak louder than words14.A fire happened at Notre Dame Cathedral ( 巴黎圣母院) last week. The local peoplewondered .A. why it happensB. how did the government help solve the problemC. what caused the terrible accidentD. how many people are killed in the accident15.— Do you mind opening the windows? It’s so smelly inside.—. I will open them at once.A. Never mindB. You’d better notC. Of course notD. It doesn’t matter二、完形填空(共15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分15 分)阅读下面短文,从短文后每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
上海民办兰生复旦中学九年级化学上册第一单元《走进化学世界》复习题(专题培优)
一、选择题1.下列各图所示装置的气密性检查中,漏气的是A.B.C.D. D解析:DA、用手捂住试管,试管内气体受热膨胀,使试管内气体压强增大,玻璃管口有气泡冒出,说明装置气密性良好,故选项不符合题意;B、该选项用的是注水法,原理为:向长颈漏斗中注水,直到长颈漏斗中的液面高于锥形瓶中的液面,关闭止水夹,从长颈漏斗内继续注水,长颈漏斗内液面不再下降,就证明该装置气密性良好,故选项不符合题意;C、该装置的气密性检查方法是:当推动注射器的活塞时,锥形瓶内的空气体积增大压强变大,若气密性良好则可以看到长颈漏斗的下端会形成一段液柱,说明装置不漏气,故选项不符合题意;D、用弹簧夹夹住右边导管,上下移动,若装置不漏气,两边液面应形成一定的高度差,若两端液面相平,说明装置漏气;图中所示文字说明装置漏气,故选项符合题意。
故选D。
2.下列基本操作正确的是①如果没有说明药品用量,则固体盖满试管底部即可,液体取1-2mL②取用一定量的液体药品,可以用烧杯代替量筒③打开试剂瓶后要把瓶塞正放在桌面上,右手心向着瓶签拿药瓶倒液体试剂④用胶头滴管向试管中滴加少量液体时,滴管的尖嘴口端要靠在试管壁上,使液体沿管壁流下,防止液体飞溅出来⑤观察量筒里液体的体积,应把量筒举起,让视线与量筒的液面相平,再读出数值⑥取液后的滴管应保持橡胶头在上,不要平放或倒置,防止试液倒流,腐蚀胶头A.①②③④⑤B.③⑤⑥C.②⑥D.①⑥D解析:D①在使用药品的时候如果没有说明药品用量,我们要取最少量,固体盖满试管底部即可,液体取1-2mL。
故正确;②量取液体药品的时候要用量筒,不能用烧杯代替。
烧杯用作配置溶液和较大试剂的反应容器。
故错误;③打开试剂瓶后要把瓶塞倒放在桌面上,瓶塞如果正方在桌子上会污染试剂。
瓶子的标签要向着手心,以防残液流下污染标签。
故错误;④用胶头滴管向试管中滴加少量液体的时候,滴管要悬空放置不能与试剂瓶壁紧挨,以防污染试剂。
故错误;⑤读取量筒里液体的体积的时候,要将量筒放在水平桌面上,读数的时候视线要和量筒内液面的最低处保持水平。
上海兰生复旦初三英语一模冲刺(附答案)
..兰生复旦中学第一学期一模冲刺卷(1)(满分150分,考试时间100分钟)Part 1 Listening (第一部分听力)I. Listening Comprehension (听力理解) (共30分)A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容,选出相应的图片): (共6分)1. ________2. ________3. ________4. ________5. ________6. ________B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你听到的对话和问题,选出最恰当的答案) (8分)7. A. Doctor and patient B. Teacher and studentC. Husband and wifeD. Boss and secretary8. A. It’s too hot there . B. Nobody else went there.C. They had no time.D. They couldn’t afford it.9. A. Relaxed B. Disappointed C. Surprised D. Sad10. A. $50 B. $75 C. $125 D. $17511. A. Talking about Cinderella B. Introducing a book.C. Making up a story.D. Acting a play12. A. Fruit B. Bread C. Yogurt D. Juice13. A. She has these habits, too.B. The weather is always changeable.C. She doesn’t believe what the man has said.D. The man is sure to give up all the bad habits.14. A. Where to have a holiday B. How to keep fitC. What to do at the officeD. How to deal with pressure.C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false(判断下列句子是否符合你听到的内容, 符合的用“T”表示,不符合的用“F”表示) (6分)15. You can buy a cheaper train ticket if you are twenty-five years old in Britain.16. There are many bus services in small places in Britain on Sundays.17. It’s helpful for people to know something about the underground in London before using it.18. If you want to eat good meals with less money, you should go to a Chinese restaurant.19. Anyone can get free medical treatment in Britain because medical care is very cheap.20. This passage can serve as a guide book for tourists who will visit Britain.D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences (听短文,完成下列内容,每空格限填一词) (共10分)21. People will probably have __________ ________ about what kind of car you canown and so on.22. People will have to ________ __________on other modes of transportation –especially trains.23. The disadvantage of airports is that they take up too _______ __________.24. More efficient train ________ ___________will be needed between cities25. We can probably find trains going to connect the _________continents under the ________.Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar(第二部分语音、词汇和语法)Ⅱ. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案) (共20分)( ) 26. which of the following words is pronounced / 'refərəns / ?A) refresh B)reference C) refried D) refine ( ) 27. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from others?A) He hurt his back when he fell.B) To my surprise, the plan succeeded.C) Every year we cut down and burn too many trees.D) Nowadays there are more and more men nurses in the hospital.( ) 28. —Have you finished reading ________ interesting story?—Yes. It is worth reading ________ second time.A) the…a B) an…the C) the…the D)..an…a( ) 29. —What a good ________ you‘ve given me! Thanks a lot.—Don’t mention it.A) advice B) progress C) suggestion D) information( ) 30. The key _____ success is to choose a right goal, plan your path and then get started.A)about B) of C) to D)by( ) 31.No one knows why he has _______ words than before.A)little B)less C) fewer D) much ( ) 32. Although the first part is easy, ______________ could have been difficultA) the other B) another C) the rest D) other( ) 33. About ________of the students in our class were born in the________.A) two thirds...1990s B) two thirds (1990)C) two third...1990s D) two third (1990)( ) 34. It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was ________journey.A) three hour B) a three-hoursC) a three-hour D) three hours( ) 35. Ernest visited the South Pole because he wanted to see one of the _____regions in the world.A) colder B) coldest C) more coldly D)most coldly ( ) 36. It is so cold that you can’t go outside _____ fully covered in thick clothes.A)if B) unless C) once D) when ( )37. There ____ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.A) mustn’t B)shan’t C)shouldn’tD)needn’t( ) 38. ---I have lived in Japan for ten years, so I have _______________ Japanese food.A) been used to eat B) used to eatC) been used to eating D) used to eating( ) 39. Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement______ so far by the two sides.A) has been reached B) was reachedC) will reach D) will have reached( ) 40. I’m not sure if it_____ tomorrow. If it ______, we won’t climb the South Hill.A) will sno w… snows B) will snow… will snowC) snows … snows D) snows …will snow( ) 41. —Where is my passport? I remember________ it here.—You shouldn't have left it here. Remember____________ it withyou all the timeA) to put…to take B) putting…takingC) putting…to take D)to put…taking( ) 42. What about _________ to the concert with us ?A) we go B) our going C) went D) togo( ) 43. Tom had to______ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.A) turn off B) turn down C) turn over D) turn up ( ) 44. I wanted to know _________________A. what is the matter with himB. what the matter is with himC. what was the matter with himD. what the matter was with him ( )45. -Would you like to play football after school?-_____. I have a lot of homework to do.A).I’m afraid not B).Enjoy yourselfC).Take your time D).It takes no timeⅢ. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once (将下列单词或词组填入空格。
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兰生复旦中学2017学年度第一学期第一阶段考试(2017.9)Part 2 Phonetics, Grammar and Vocabulary 35%I. Choose the best answer 10%Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others?【A】we should think of a plot when creating a comic strip.【B】the fish are removed from the bird’s mouths by Damin.【C】yesterday a bank robbery happened at the end of the corner.【D】he was so shocked that he could hardly say a word.【答案】BWord came that several _________ soldiers were coming.【A】hundreds of enemy【B】hundreds enemies【C】hundred enemies【D】hundred enemy【答案】C--- which of the books is better?--- I have no idea, but you can take either of them and leave _____ with me.【A】one【B】another【C】the other【D】other one【答案】BUsing computers makes it ______ for us to do our daily work than before.【A】easy【B】easier【C】easily【D】more easily【答案】AHe was doing shopping at the supermarket ______ his mobile phone rang.【A】when【B】while【C】after【D】until【答案】AAll the buildings I have seen are excellent ______ their location.【A】except【B】besides【C】except for【D】but【答案】CIn front of the farmhouse _________.【A】lay a peasant boy【B】laid a peasant boy【C】a peasant lay【D】did a peasant boy lie【答案】D____________ already been interviewed.【A】A number of applicants have【B】A number of applicants has【C】The number of applicants have【D】The number of applicants has【答案】AA professor together with his two assistants ________ to help with the work recently.【A】were sent【B】has been sent【C】have been sent【D】was sent【答案】BWhat difficulty will you have _____ people when you stay in a foreign country?【A】understanding【B】understood【C】to understand【D】understand【答案】AII. Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. 5%Yuanmingyuan, covering an area of more than 5200 mu, is one of the biggest ancient Chinese parks. The _____(1)______ began before 1707. The designers designed several hundred landscapes. At its most magnificent time, it contained three majoy parts, ___(2)____ countless scenic spots. It was also like a big art museum, because there were many famous books, paintings, works of calligraphy, sculptures and so on tin the park. They were ___(3)____ in it. It was the reflection of ancient Chinese civilization. In 1860, a terrible historical event happened, the British and French invaders set fire to Yuanmingyuan and the park was ruined completely! After the PRC was founded, the Chinese government decided to keep it as it was so that tourists could visit it and remember the history. It attracts millions of people. The scenery and the ruins together __(4)____ everyone’s desire to study and work harder to make our country stronger. Every year, on the thirdSaturday in September, everyone is __(5)___ for free.【答案】CDEAB本文主要介绍圆明园,从时间,建筑风格,组成部分等细节描写,也描述了圆明园如何毁坏,后续中华人民共和国建立圆明园成为重要的参观浏览之地,让人们勿忘之前的历史。
第一个空关键词是the 后面应该是名词,所以填写C,第二个空缺少连接词,并且关键词也是在逗号后面的,所以应该是D,第三个空关键词是be动词,后面应该是动词的形容词,所以应该是A,第四个缺少动词,在BEF选项中判断,根据上下文的梳理,此题用E。
第五个空用被动语态,用BIII. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.8%1.She made an _________ to her friend for not being able to write to him last term.【答案】apology2.The farmer who took pity on the snake was given a _______ bite.【答案】deadly3.It is hardly ________ that finally John managed to get on a plane.【答案】surprising4.I won’t tell you his reaction--- I’ll leave that to your _________.【答案】imagination5.The organization cares for the children who lack the ______ of a good family.【答案】security6.I hope the food producers will begin to behave much more ______ in the future.【答案】responsible7.They will send you the book for $15, postage _________.【答案】included8.She’s tried to pass her driving test for two years and she’s ________.【答案】successfulIV. Rewrite the following sentences as required. 12%1.Many dogs created much mess on the streets and in park. (改为否定句)Many dogs __________ __________ much mess on the streets and in park.【答案】didn't creat2.Jill wrote some articles about the traditional skill last week. (改为被动语态)Some articles about the traditional skill _______ _________ by Jill last week.【答案】were written3.Ellen thought these peppers were rotten. (改为反义疑问句)Ellen thought these peppers were rotten,_______ ________?【答案】didn’t she4.Did Damin catch a lot of fish yesterday? Could you tell me? (宾语从句)Could you tell me ____ Damin ______ a lot of fish yesterday?【答案】whether; caught5.The fisherman can run 10 kilometers in an hour.(划线部分进行提问)________ ________ can the fisherman run in an hour?【答案】How far6.considering , paper, hobby, he, his, is, cutting, as (连词成句)【答案】He is considering cutting paper as his hobby.Part Three Reading Comprehension 35%I. Read the passage and choose the best answer.9%AGwyn, my youngest daughter, held Tiger as we drove down the country road to the vet’s(兽医)on what was to be his last Friday morning. Privately, both of us nursed a forlorn (几乎无望的) hope. We joked and laughed, trying to ignore the shadow hanging over the cat sitting very quietly in her arms.At 16, Tiger was old for a cat. In quiet dignity, he let Gwyn pet him, perhaps understanding that this was a special trip. I glanced at the two as I drove, and thought back to the day when Tiger entered our lives.He had been a Christmas present to my second son Brian, handed down—as were his clothes and toys—from his older brother. Sadly, even our dogs had neglected Brian, responding much more eagerly to my commands, and those of my wife and older boy.And so, on Christmas Day 1954, I rose early with my wife to put the tiny kitten(小猫)a neighbor had given us into the stocking that Brian had carefully hung to the mantel the night before. The first of my vivid memories involving Tiger is the look of joy on Br ian’s face when he saw the kitten’s face ,when he saw the kitten’s head poking out of the stocking, and heard the plaintive “meow” that proved his present was alive.From then on, Tiger’s life was filled with love. Brian cared for him tenderly, fed him, pl ayed with him. For a sometimes rough, sometimes clumsy child, Brian showed a gentleness with Tiger that was amazing. And at midnight, I would invariably find Tiger on Brian’s bed, stretched out beside him.My next clear memory of Tiger is also a happy one, which came after near-tragedy. One evening our next-door neighbor rang the front doorbell. “I’m sorry to have to tell you this,” she said when my wife answered the door, “but when I backed out of the driveway this noon, I’m afraid I ran your cat. I tried to help him, but he jumped up and ran away. I don’t know where he went or how badly he was hurt.”Four weeks passed with no sign of Tiger. Soldier-like, Brian tried to hide his fear that his friend had crawled away to die. It was a fear we all shared. And we came to accept his death—all of us except Brian.Every evening Brian would go to the door and call Tiger’s name. Finally, on the 28th day after the neighbor’s announcement, Brian had an answer. Out from under the front porch came Tiger, his tail high, walking with the pride and majesty he customarily displayed, behaving as if he had never been away. As he approached the door, Brian’s face was transformed with joy. But neither he nor Tiger displayed open affection in front of the family. There was a calm acceptance, an honoring by each of the other’s dignity. That night, though, when I checked Brian’s room, I saw that his cheeks were wet and a blissful smile was on his face. And his arm encircled his cat, who lay purring quietly beside him.1. From the first paragraph, we know that _________.A. Tiger was a cat and was dyingB. Tiger was a real tiger and was dyingC. Tiger was the second son of the writerD. Tiger was a Christmas present to the writer’s daughter2. The accident happened to Tiger was that _________.A. Tiger had a serious diseaseB. Tiger was hit by the car when the neighbor backed out of the drivewayC. Tiger had crawled away to dieD. Tiger was hit to death3. Which of the following statements is wrong?A. Tiger’s life was filled with love.B. Brian loved Tiger very much and tried his best to care for him.C. When there was no sign of Tiger, Brian didn’t believe that he was dead.D. When Tiger approached the door, Brian burst into tears.4. From the passage we can draw a conclusion that_________.A. in America, people love pets such as cats and dogsB. there are at least five people in the familyC. boys like to look after animalsD. boys like to sleep with cats lying beside them【答案】1. A 2.B 3. D 4.B【分析】1. 直接细节题。