武汉大学硕士研究生英语英语翻译重点
武汉大学研究生英语英汉互译全部内容汇编
汉译英1、走社会主义道路，就是要逐步实现共同富裕。
共同富裕的构想是这样的：一部分地区有条件先发展起来，一部分地区发展慢点，先发展起来的地区带动后发展的地区，最终达到共同富裕……解决的办法之一，就是先富起来的地区多交点利税，支持贫困地区的发展。
翻译：To take the road of socialism is to realize common prosperity step by step. Our plan is as follow: where conditions permit, some areas may develop faster than others; those that develop faster can help promote the progress of those that lag behind, until all become prosperous… One way is for the areas that become prosperous first to support the poor ones by paying more taxes or turning in more profits to the state.2、要提倡科学，靠科学才有希望。
翻译：We must promote science, for that is where our hope lies.3、现阶段中国已经实现了粮食基本自给，在未来的发展过程中，中国依靠自己的力量实现粮食基本自给，客观上具备诸多有利因素翻译：China has basically achieved self-sufficiency in grain at the present stage, and there are many favorable objective factors for her to maintain such achievement by her own efforts in the course of future development.4、社会主义中国应该用实践向世界表明，中国反对霸权主义、强权政治，永不称霸。
武汉大学硕士英语英译汉重点
武汉大学硕士英语英译汉重点1. 所有的人都会生儿育女，组成家庭或社会，发展一种语言以及适应他们周围环境的这种倾向特别具有欺骗性，因为它带来了一种期望，这种期望就是这些行为的形式以及围绕这些行动的态度与价值观念将是相似的。
The tendency for all people to reproduce, group into families or societies, develop a language ,and adapt to their environment is particularly deceiving because it leads to the expectation that the forms of these behaviors and the attitudes and values surrounding them will also be similar.2. 力求证明达尔文关于面部表情是共同的这一理论的跨文化研究给人极大的希望，研究者发现脸部的某些看得见的表情，即因愤怒、恐惧、惊讶、悲伤、厌恶、幸福而紧缩的肌肉组合，我们人类成员都是一样的。
但是这似乎无济于事，只要我们意识到一个人生长的文化决定了这种情感是否会表露或压抑,决定了在何种场合和多大的程度上会表露或压抑。
Promising are the cross-cultural studies seeking to support Darwin’s theory that facial expressions are universaland researchers found that the particular visible pattern on the face, the combination of muscles contracted for anger, fear, surprise, sadness, disgust, happiness is the same for all members of our species,but this seems helpful until it is realized that a person’s cultural upbringing determines whether or not that emotion will be displayed or suppressed, as well as on which occasions and to what degree.3. 由于似乎没有普遍的人性可以作为自动理解的基础，所以我们必须把每交往当作个别案例来处理，寻求任何共同的认知和交流方法并以此作为出发点。
2013年武汉大学英语翻译硕士考研真题及其答案解析
财教创办北大、人大、中、北外授 训营对视频集、一一保分、、小班2013年武汉大学英语翻译硕士考研真题及答案解析育明教育梁老师提醒广大考生:历年考研真题资料是十分珍贵的,研究真题有利于咱们从中分析出题人的思路和心态,因为每年专业课考试不管在题型还是在内容上都有很高的相似度，考研学子们一定要重视.有什么疑问可以随时联系育明教育梁老师,我会为根据各位考生的具体情况提供更加有针对性的指导。
翻译硕士英语一、单选。
没有记题，只记下了选项较难词汇：circuitous,provacative(这个单词在本次考试中出现了不下三次) improbable,reproach,avarice,commendation,antipathy,entangling,deciphering,specious,projected,dignity(这个词也出现了多次),impunity,preempted,quantifiable,inexhaustible,adult factions,overlook sb. to do 还是doing?的一个语法题,关于资源丰富abundant in/wealthy/scattered 选其一,sumptuous,superb,vestige from the rigors,respite,blandness,exertion,subjugation,a guild of, persecution,an atmosphere of ,a profusion of二、改错原文选自/articles/383/bonding-and-attachment----when-it-goes-right.php Bonding and Attachment -- When it Goes RightLawrence B Smith L.C.S.W. - C., L.I.C.S.W.。
武汉大学研究生英语unit1、3、4、5、7原文及译文.doc
Unit One stumbling blocks in interculturalcommunication跨文化交流中的绊脚石1．为什么我们与来自其它文化的人们的交流总是充满了误会、让人感到沮丧呢？令很多人奇怪的是，即使怀着良好的愿望、使用自己认为是友好的方式，甚至有互利的可能性，也似乎都不足以保证交流的成功。
有时候，出现排斥现象正是因为一方所属的文化群体团体是“不同” 的。
在这个国际舞台发生重大变化的时刻，探讨为什么尝试交流的结果却令人失望的原因是必要的，这些原因实际上是跨文化交流中的绊脚石。
2．相似性的假设为什么误解或反对会产生呢？这个问题的一个回答就是，大部分的人天真地认为世界上的人有足够的相似之处，可以让我们成功地交流信息或感受，解决共同关注的一些问题，加强商业关系，或者只是产生我们所希望产生的印象。
所有的人都会生儿育女，组成家庭或社会，发展一种语言以及适应他们周围环境的这种倾向特别具有欺骗性，因为它带来了一种期望，这种期望就是这些行为的形式以及围绕这些行动的态度与价值观念将是相似的。
相信“人就是人”和“我们在本质是相似的，”这让人感到心安理得，但是下定决心去寻找证据却只会令人失望。
3．力求证明达尔文关于面部表情是共同的这一理论的跨文化研究给人极大的希望，研究者发现脸部的某些看得见的形状，即因愤怒、恐惧、惊讶、悲伤、厌恶、幸福而紧缩的肌肉组合 ,我们人类各成员都是一样的。
但是这似乎无济于事，只要我们意识到一个人生长的文化决定了这种情感是否会表露或压抑,决定了在何种场合和多大的程度上会表露或压抑。
带来这种情绪感受的情形也因文化而异，例如：由于崇拜的文化信仰不同，一个心爱的人死亡可能带来欢乐、悲哀或其他情感。
4．因为似乎没有普遍的人性可以作为自动理解的基础，所以我们必须把每交往当作个别案例来处理，寻求任何共同的认知和交流方法并以此作为出发点。
如果我们认识到我们受文化的约束，受文化的改变，那么我们就会受这一现实：因为各自不同，我们确实不太清楚其他人“是”什么样的。
武汉大学硕士英语读思研英译汉重点句子
读思研英译汉重点句子第一课：1. 所有的人都会生儿育女，组成家庭或社会，发展一种语言以及适应他们周围环境的这种倾向特别具有欺骗性，因为它带来了一种期望，这种期望就是这些行为的形式以及围绕这些行动的态度与价值观念将是相似的。
(段二倒6排)The tendency for all people to reproduce, group into families or societies, develop a language ,and adapt to their environment is particularly deceiving because it leads to the expectation that the forms of these behaviors and the attitudes and values surrounding them will also be similar.2. 力求证明达尔文关于面部表情是共同的这一理论的跨文化研究给人极大的希望，研究者发现脸部的某些看得见的表情，即因愤怒、恐惧、惊讶、悲伤、厌恶、幸福而紧缩的肌肉组合，我们人类成员都是一样的。
但是这似乎无济于事，只要我们意识到一个人生长的文化决定了这种情感是否会表露或压抑,决定了在何种场合和多大的程度上会表露或压抑。
(段三正1句)Promising are the cross-cultural studies seeking to support Darwin’s theory that facial expressions are universal and researchers found that the particular visible pattern on the face, the combination of muscles contracted for anger, fear, surprise, sadness, disgust, happiness is the same for all members of our species, but this seems helpful until it is realized that a person’s cultural upbringing determines whether or not that emotion will be displayed or suppressed, as well as on which occasions and to what degree.3. 由于似乎没有普遍的人性可以作为自动理解的基础，所以我们必须把每交往当作个别案例来处理，寻求任何共同的认知和交流方法并以此作为出发点。
11、武大研究生英语期末考试英译汉重点句子
Unit oneStumbling block in intercultural communication1 在这个国际舞台发生重大变化的时刻，探讨为什么尝试交流的结果却令人失望的原因是必要的，这些原因实际上是跨文化交流中的绊脚石。
It’s appropriate at this time of major changes in the international scene to take a look at some of the disappointing results of attempts at communication. They are actually stumbling block in international communication.7 本国居民可能会被灌输有这种期望：既然外国人穿着合适，并且能说一些本国话，那么他或她也有同样的非语言的准则、想法和感觉。
The native inhabitants are likely to be lulled into the expectation that ,since the foreign person is dressed appropriately and speak some of the language,he or she will also have similar nonverbal codes ,thoughts and feelings.8 更糟糕的问题是死死抱住新语言中一个词汇或短语的一种意义，而不顾隐含义和语境。
A worse language problem is the tenacity with which someone will cling to just one meaning of a word or phrase in the new language, regardless of connotation or context.11 先入为主和程式化思维的现象第四个绊脚石是先入为主的观念和程式思维现象。
武大硕士公共英语-英译汉复习资料
英译汉Unit 1(1)Promising are the cross-cultural studies seeking to support Darwin’s theory that facial expressions are universal and researchers found that the particular visible pattern on the face, the combination of muscles contracted for anger, fear, surprise, sadness, disgust, happiness is the same for all members of our species, but this seems helpful until it is realized that a person’s cultural upbringing determines whether or not that emotion will be displayed or suppressed, as well as on which occasions and to what degree.力求证明达尔文关于面部表情是共同的这一理论的跨文化研究给人极大的希望，研究者发现脸部的某些看得见的形状，即因愤怒、恐惧、惊讶、悲伤、厌恶、幸福而紧缩的肌肉组合,我们人类各成员都是一样的。
但是这似乎无济于事，只要我们意识到一个人生长的文化决定了这种情感是否会表露或压抑,决定了在何种场合和多大的程度上会表露或压抑。
(2)The stumbling block of assumed similarity is a “trouble m,” as one English learner expressed it, not only for the foreigner but for the people in the host country with whom the international visitor comes into contact.正如一个学习英语的人所表达的那样，相似性的假设这个的绊脚石是一个“麻烦”，不仅仅是对于来访的外国人，就连这个外国人接触的东道国的人也都是个问题。
2017年武汉大学翻译硕士考研真题、考研笔记
2017年武汉大学考研指导【武汉大学】翻译硕士英语:前面还是一贯40个选择题，涉及语法词汇，部分题目源自GRE试题，改错讲的是美国流行音乐，阅读整体不算太难，作文写的是关于奢侈品和服务的luxury goods and service.英语翻译基础：英译汉全部是缩写，有VASM VAR SARS CPC UNESCO POW FOB CAAC OTC ETC BSE，汉译英有恋父情结，军事基地，轭式搭配，百科全书，交通拥堵。
段落翻译英译汉讲的是黄梅十字绣，英翻汉是三个小段落，属于散文描写累的，第一个描写女性，第二个说脑子炸了，眼前的场景像电视机坏了出现雪花斑点一样，第三个说的是在餐馆听到上头风云人物的八卦是一件开心事，大家都专注倾听而忘了吃饭，都希望把这些事儿带回公司讲个别人听汉语写作与百科知识：选择题大部分都是课外知识，很少考到武大刘军平老师的那本百科书，25个选择题只有几个是书上的，应用文写的是申请书，第一篇大作文给了一段材料说财经作家吴晓波在自媒体上发消息说决定征稿重译亚当斯密的国富论，并给出每一千字500的报酬，对于这个现象，有人认为这样翻译不严谨。
后面说其实，重译经典是每一个译者无法抗拒的诱惑，然后等等，最后问你怎么看待经典重译这一现象，让你写评论。
第二篇是命题作文，论个人素质和受教育程度的关系。
【北京第二外国语学院】汉译英：日本茶道豆腐渣工程国家外汇管理局教育部世界反法西斯战争人民解放军世界文化遗产知识产权英译汉：NASA A fool"s hesitation is no speed A close mouth catches no flies strip the citizenship百科：多瑙河注入哪个海四书人有多少对染色体青铜是铜和（）的合金选出不是百科全书作家的外国作家【河海大学】一.填空（2*25，记不清顺序了，但是保证第一个顺序是正确的）1.桃园三结义有刘备，关羽和（）2.人生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青出自文天祥的哪首诗？二.3.凿壁偷光是谁凿的？三. 4.陆上丝绸之路第一个提出的是谁？大概意思就这样，原句不记得了5.横眉冷对千夫指，俯首甘为孺子牛出自鲁迅的哪首诗？6.桂林山水号称？7.莫奈的《印象日出》是什么派的？8.中国第一条铁路是谁修建的？9.南京享有什么的美誉，自从范蠡在那建城10.获得诺贝尔医学奖的中国人名？11.中国第一部兵法是什么？12.《霸王别姬》原著是谁？13.会当凌绝顶下一句是什么？14.千里共婵娟的婵娟在古时指的是什么？15.诗圣是谁？16.希腊神话中，众神之父是谁？17.泰姬陵是哪里的？18.京剧的四个角色，生旦净and?19.黄梅戏出自哪里？二、小作文写一篇河海大学100周年校庆（不少于400字）。
武汉大学 硕士英语课后翻译-缩小版
硕士英语课后翻译(unit 1 text A)Text A注：自己查找结合老师课堂所讲的内容翻译的，有疏漏之处希望能在评论中指出1-a-1Since there seems to be no universals of "human nature" that can be used as a basis for automatic understanding, we must treat each encounter as an individual case, searching for whatever perceptions and communication means are held in common and proceed from there.既然没有普遍的人性可以作为自动理解的基础，所以我们必须把每次交往当作个别案例来处理，寻求任何共同的认知和交流方法并以此作为出发点。
1-a-2Without being alert to possible differences and the need to learn new rules for functioning, persons going from one city to the other will be in immediate trouble, even when acting simple roles such as pedestrian and driver.如果没有意识到可能存在的差异和学习生活的新规则的需要，从一个城市去另一个城市人将会立刻陷入困境，甚至在完成诸如行人、司机之类的简单角色时也会如此。
1-a-3The confidence that goes with the myth of similarity is much more comfortable than the assumption of differences, the latter requiring tentative assumptions and behaviors and a willingness to accept the anxiety of "not knowing".相信相似性的错误观念比设想存在差异更让人觉得舒服，因为后者要求试探性的设想和行为并且乐意接受由于“不知道”而产生的焦虑。
2015年武汉大学英语翻译硕士MTI真题及答案解析
2015年武汉大学英语翻译硕士MTI真题及答案解析(1/40)Vocabulary第1题His natural______ saved him from being spoilt by fame and success.A.honestyB.simplicityC.modestyD.morality下一题(2/40)Vocabulary第2题Patriotism was the army captain´s______when he spoke at our school assembly.A.themeB.theoremC.thesisD.theory上一题下一题(3/40)Vocabulary第3题A modern ship has its______in the hollowed log used by primitive peoples.A.protonB.patternC.predecessorD.prototype上一题下一题(4/40)Vocabulary第4题You should______the wheels of your bicycle to reduce the friction.belB.illustrateC.lubricateD.manipulate上一题下一题(5/40)Vocabulary第5题A person ought to conform the______of behaviour.A.patternsB.modelsC.modesD.norms上一题下一题(6/40)Vocabulary第6题Travel can be an excellent______to one´s education.plementpletionponentpetitor上一题下一题(7/40)Vocabulary第7题The______to the contract must be signed by two witnesses.A.assignmentB.attachmentC.assessmentD.alignment上一题下一题(8/40)Vocabulary第8题He accepted______for the damage done to the car.A.libertyB.liabilityC.licenseD.likelihood上一题下一题(9/40)Vocabulary第9题If the main power line fails, the hospital will use its______generator.A.residualB.subordinateC.obedientD.auxiliary上一题下一题(10/40)Vocabulary第10题The big searchlight______a spot a mile away.A.ignitesB.stimulatesC.illuminatesD.illustrates上一题下一题(11/40)Vocabulary第11题His newly published novel enjoys great______.A.attentionB.likelihoodC.popularityD.controversy上一题下一题(12/40)Vocabulary第12题The young mother looked at her sleeping baby with a(an)______smile.A.elegantB.earnestC.radiantD.radical上一题下一题(13/40)Vocabulary第13题Always tell your neighbours when you are going, as a______against burglary.A.safeguardB.hindranceC.sacrificeD.violation上一题下一题(14/40)Vocabulary第14题The plate dropped on the floor and______into little pieces.A.smashedB.crashedC.crackedD.crushed上一题下一题(15/40)Vocabulary第15题Having rooms in which to study will not______, we must also have the time to use them.A.sufficeB.satisfyC.quantifyD.rejoice上一题下一题(16/40)Vocabulary第16题Their______fault was a failure to recognize all the factors involved.A.infiniteB.inherentC.potentialD.sole上一题下一题(17/40)Vocabulary第17题Marilyn came back from her vacation with______arms and face.A.tanB.tameC.blackenedD.freshened上一题下一题(18/40)Vocabulary第18题The wagon trains had to______Indian territory to reach California.A.transferB.transverseC.traverseD.transport上一题下一题(19/40)Vocabulary第19题The propeller began to______, and the small plane started down the runway.A.rollB.whirlC.ventilateD.roar上一题下一题(20/40)Vocabulary第20题The government´s recent statement of the unemployment does not______with the facts.A.accordB.conformmenceD.consent上一题下一题(21/40)Vocabulary第21题They planned to______in the middle of the night, when the guards were asleep.A.go offB.run outC.break offD.break out上一题下一题(22/40)Vocabulary第22题It´s pretty windy. You´d better______your hat.A.add up toB.lend itself toC.hold on toD.stand up to上一题下一题(23/40)Vocabulary第23题She´s playing so well this year that people expect her to______all the big prizes again.A.carry onB.carry offC.carry outD.take off上一题下一题(24/40)Vocabulary第24题When he arrived, he found______the aged and the sick at home.A.nothing butB.none other thanC.none butD.no other than上一题下一题(25/40)Vocabulary第25题As teachers we should concern ourselves with what is said, not what we think______.A.have to be saidB.must sayC.ought to be saidD.need to say上一题下一题(26/40)Vocabulary第26题______, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A.Other things to be equalB.Were other things equalC.To be equal to other thingsD.Other things being equal上一题下一题(27/40)Vocabulary第27题I am sure he is up to the job______he would give his mind to it.A.in caseB.untilC.if onlyD.unless上一题下一题(28/40)Vocabulary第28题If tap water were as dangerous as some people think, ______would be getting sick.A.a lot of more usB.a lot more of usC.more a lot of usD.a lot of us more上一题下一题(29/40)Vocabulary第29题Our modern civilization must not be thought of as______in a short period of time.A.being createdB.to have been createdC.having been createdD.to be created上一题下一题(30/40)Vocabulary第30题Most of the people who______two world wars are strongly against arms race.A.have lived outB.have lived throughC.have lived onD.have lived with上一题下一题(31/40)Vocabulary第31题An Olympic Marathon is 26 miles and 385 yards, approximately______from Marathon to Athens.A.distanceB.is the distanceC.the distanceD.the distance is上一题下一题(32/40)Vocabulary第32题Scientists say it may be five or ten years______it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A.sinceB.beforeC.afterD.when上一题下一题(33/40)Vocabulary第33题I walked too much yesterday and ______are still aching now.A.my leg´s musclesB.my muscles of legC.my leg musclesD.my muscles of the leg上一题下一题(34/40)Vocabulary第34题Sir Denis, who is 78, has made it known that much of his collection______to the nation.A.has leftB.is to leaveC.leavesD.is to be left上一题下一题(35/40)Vocabulary第35题Jean doesn´t want to work right away because she thinks that if she______a job she probably wouldn´t be able to see her friends very often.A.has to getB.were to getC.had gotD.could have got上一题下一题(36/40)Vocabulary第36题The world´s supplies of copper______.A.have been gradually being exhaustedB.has gradually exhaustedC.are gradually exhaustedD.are being gradually exhausted上一题下一题(37/40)Vocabulary第37题Hitler______in his room.mitted suicideB.got committed suicideC.was committed suicideD.was suicide上一题下一题(38/40)Vocabulary第38题Bill got up and made a motion that the meeting______.A.be adjournedB.should cancelC.be going to cancelD.is to adjourn上一题下一题(39/40)Vocabulary第39题It is no good______persuade me.A.for you to try toB.trying toC.of you toD.of you to try to上一题下一题(40/40)Vocabulary第40题The main trouble is______enough knowledge.A.their not havingB.them not havingC.theirs not havingD.for them to not have上一题下一题(41~50/共30题)Reading ComprehensionProofreadingBefore 1973, abortion was illegal in America unless thewoman´s health was threatened. In March of 1970, Jame Roe, asingle woman, instituted this federal action against the District attorney of the county. The original idea was that women who truly didnot want a baby should not have to have it. __41__Since pregnancy may be a blessed act when planned or wanted, __42__ forced pregnancy, like any forced bodily invasion, is anathema to American values and traditions. As legalized abortion has become an everyday part of American life, a different side to it has emerged out. __43__ Where women once were aborting because they did not want a child, the reasons being given now were becoming very different. __44__ Abortion has turned into something that women are being coerced from boyfriends/husbands unwilling to be fathers, out of fear __45__of the financial pressure, out of panic from losing their jobs, out ofpanic from having to quit the school, or becoming homeless, or out__46__ of fear of their parents kicking them out into the street.Abortion for these reasons can lead to problems which developwhen a woman is unable to get round her emotional responses resul- __47__ ting from the trauma of an abortion. There are women who abort anddo so completely of her own free will. These women have no regrets, __48__ no remorse, but are happy they had this choice available. But __49__a growing number of women are speaking up about how abortioneffected them adversely. __50__第41题第42题第43题第44题第45题第46题第47题第48题第49题第50题上一题下一题(51~55/共30题)Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionIn developing a model of cognition, we must recognize that perception of the external world does not always remain independent of motivation. While progress toward maturity is positively correlated with differentiation between motivation and cognition, tension will, even in the mature adult, militate towards a narrowing of the range of perception and in the lessening of the objectivity of perception.Cognition can be seen as the first step in the sequence of events leading from the external stimulus to the behavior of the individual. The child develops from belief that all things are an extension of its own body to the recognition that objects exist independent of his perception. He begins to demonstrate awareness of people and things which are removed from his sensory apparatus and initiates goal directed behaviors. He may, however, refuse to recognize the existence of barriers to the attainment of his goals, despite the fact that his cognition of these objects has been previously demonstrated.In the primitive being, goal-directed behavior can be very simply motivated. The presence of an attractive object will cause an infant to reach for it; its removal will result in the cessation of that action. Studies have shown no evidence of the infant´s frustration; rather, it appears that the infant ceases to desire the object when he cannot see it. Further indications are that the infant´s attention to the attractive object increases as a result of its not being in his grasp. In fact, if he holds a toy and another is presented, he is likely to drop the first in order to clutch the second. Often, once he has the one desired in his hands, he loses attention and turns to something else.In adult life, mere cognition can be similarly motivational, although the visible presence of the opportunity is not required as the instigator of response. The mature adult modifies his reaction by obtaining information, interpreting it, and examining consequences. He formulates a hypothesis and attempts to test it. He searches out implicit relationships, examines all factors, and differentiates among them. Just as the trained artist can separate the values of colour, composition, and technique , while taking in and evaluating the whole work, so, too, the mature person brings his cognitive learning strengths to bear in appraising a situation.Understanding that cognition is separate from action, his reactions are only minimally guided from conditioning, and take into consideration anticipatable events.The impact of the socialization process, particularly which of parental and social group ideology , may reduce cognitively directed behavior. The tension thus produced, as for instance the stress of fear, anger, or extreme emotion, will often be the overriding influence.The evolutionary process of development from body schema through to cognitive learning is similarly manifested in the process of language acquisition. Auditing and speaking develop first, reading and writing much later on. Not only is this evident in the development of the individualhuman being from infancy on, but also in the development of language for humankind.Every normal infant has the physiological equipment necessary to produce sound, but the child must first master their use for sucking, biting, and chewing before he can control his equipment for use in producing the sounds of language. The babble and chatter of the infant are precursors to intelligible vocal communication.From the earliest times, it is clear that language and human thought have been intimately connected. Sending or receiving messages, from primitive warnings of danger to explaining creative or reflective thinking, this aspect of cognitive development is also firmly linked to the needs and aspirations of society.第51题It can be inferred from this passage that the author would support the attitude towards art appreciation that______.A.a work of art should not be analyzedB.analysis of a work of art makes for greater understanding of itC.understanding the life of the artist helps us to understand his workD.all mature people can understand art equally well第52题The statement which is neither implied nor stated in this passage is______.A.The child is concerned only with his own bodyB.The child learns to act in a way that will serve his desiresC.The infant´s attention can be distracted from an object by simply concealing itD.The infant finds it difficult to focus attention on more than one object at a time第53题It may be inferred from the passage that the effects of society on learning may be______.A.to enhance the individual´s motivation to learn as quickly as possibleB.too deter learning by reason of anxiety about possible conflict with ideologyC.to bring man´s knowledge within the scope of allD.to keep all learning at the same stage of development第54题The passage implies that______.A.speech is acquired through direct teachingB.the infant should be taught not to babbleC.infants who do not chatter will never learn to speakD.infants are born with the ability to speak but the ability to do so depends upon development of physical functions through non-verbal activities第55题It would appear from the passage that it would be useful for the parent of the newborn to______.A.give the infant what he needs before he criesB.teach the infant how to speak as quickly as possibleC.model speech sounds and encourage the infant to produce themD.refuse the infant´s demands until he makes them clear上一题下一题(56~60/共30题)Reading ComprehensionIn a reaction against a too-rigid, overrefined classical curriculum, some educational philosophers have swung sharply to an espousal of "life experience" as the sole source of learning. Using their narrow interpretation of John Dewey´s theories as a base for support, they conclude that only through "doing" can learning take place. Spouting such phrases as, "Teach the child, not the subject. " they demand, without sensing its absurdity, and end to rigorous study as a means of opening the way to learning. While not all adherents to this approach would totally eliminate a study of great books, the influence of this philosophy has been felt in the public school curricula, as evidenced by the gradual subordination of great literature.What is the purpose of literature? Why read, if life alone is to be our teacher? James Joyce states that the artist reveals the human situation by recreating life out of life; Aristotle that art presents universal truths because its form is taken from nature. Thus, consciously or otherwise, the great writer reveals the human situation most tellingly, extending our understanding of ourselves and our world.We can soar with the writer to the heights of man´s aspirations, or plummet with him to tragic despair. The works of Steinbeck, Anderson, and Salinger; the poetry of Whitman, Sandburg, and Frost; the plays of Ibsen, Miller, and O´Neil: all present starkly realistic portrayals of life´s problems. Reality? Yes! But how much wider is the understanding we gain than that attained by viewing life through the keyhole of our single existence.Can we measure the richness gained by the young reader venturing down the Mississippi with Tom and Huck, or cheering Ivanhoe as he battles the Black Knight; the deepening understanding of the mature reader of the tragic South of William Faulkner and Tennessee Williams, of the awesome determination-and frailty-of Patrick White´s Australian pioneers?This function of literature, the enlarging of our own life sphere, is of itself of major importance. Additionally, however, it has been suggested that solutions of social problems may be suggested in the study of literature. The overweening ambitions of political leaders-and their sneering contempt for the law-did not appear for the first time in the writings of Bernstein and Woodward; the problems, and the consequent actions, of the guilt-ridden did not await the appearance of the bearded psychoanalyst of the twentieth century.Federal Judge Learned Hand has written, " I venture to believe that it is as important to a judge called upon to pass on a question of constitutional law, to have at least a bowing acquaintance with Thucydides, Gibbon, and Carlyle, with Homer, Dante, Shakespeare, and Milton, with Montaigne and Rabelais, with Plato, Bacon, Hume, and Kant, as with the books which have been specifically written on the subject. For in such matters everything turns upon the spirit in which he approaches the questions before him. "But what of our dissenters? Can we overcome the disapproval of their " life experience classroom" theory of learning? We must start with the field of agreement-that education should serve to improve the individual and society. We must educate them to the understanding that the voice of human experience should stretch our human faculties, and opens us to learning. We must convince them-in their own personal language perhaps-of the " togetherness" of life and art; we must prove to them that far from being separate, literature is that part of life which illumines life.第56题According to the passage, the end goal of great literature is______.A.the recounting of dramatic and exciting stories, and the creation of charactersB.to create anew a synthesis of life that illumines the human conditionC.the teaching of morality and ethical behaviorD.to write about tragedy and despair第57题In the author´s opinion, as seen in this passage one outcome of the influence of the " life experience" adherents has been______.A.the gradual subordination of the study of great literature in the schoolsB.a narrowed interpretation of the theories of John DeweyC.a sharp swing over to "learning through doing"D.an end to rigorous study as a way of learning第58题As the author sees it, one of the most important gains from the study of great literature is______.A.enrichment of our understanding of the pastB.broadening of our approaches to social problemsC.that it gives us a bowing acquaintance with great figures of the pastD.that it provides us with vicarious experiences which provide a much broader experience than we can get from experiences of simply our own lives alone第59题The author´s purpose in this passage is to______.A.list those writers who make up the back bone of a great literature curriculumpare the young reader´s experience with literature to that of the mature readerC.advocate the adoption of the "life experience" approach to teachingD.plead for the retention of great literature as a fundamental part of the curriculum第60题The author´s reason for quoting Judge Hand is to______.A.call attention to the writing of Thucydides and CarlyleB.support the thesis of the author that literature broadens our understanding and stretches our facultiesC.point out that constitutional law is a part of the great literature of our pastD.show that everyone, including judges, enjoys reading上一题下一题(61~65/共30题)Reading ComprehensionIt has always been difficult for the philosopher or scientist to fit time into his view of the universe. Prior to Einsteinian physics, there was no truly adequate formulation of the relationship of time to the other forces in the universe, even though some empirical equations included time quantities. However, even the Einsteinian formulation is not perhaps totally adequate to the job of fitting time into the proper relationship with the other dimensions, as they are called, of space. The primary problem arises in relation to things which might be going faster than the speed of light, or have other strange properties.Examination of the Lorentz-Fitzgerald formulas yields the interesting speculation that if something did actually exceed the speed of light it would have its mass expressed as an imaginary number and would seem to be going backwards in time. The barrier to exceeding the speed of light is the apparent need to have an infinite quantity of mass moved at exactly thespeed of light. If this situation could be leaped over in a large quantum jump-which seems highly unlikely for masses that are large in normal circumstances-then the other side may be achievable.The idea of going backwards in time is derived from the existence of a time vector that is negative , although just what this might mean to our senses in the unlikely circumstance of our experiencing this state cannot be conjectured.There have been, in fact, some observations of particle chambers which have led some scientists to speculate that a particle called the tachyon may exist with the trans-light properties we have just discussed.The difficulties of imagining and coping with these potential implications of our mathematical models points out the importance of studying alternative methods of notation for advanced physics. Professor Zuckerkandl, in his book Sound and Symbol, hypothesizes that it might be better to express the relationships found in quantum mechanics through the use of a notation derived from musical notations. To oversimplify greatly, he argues that music has always given time a special relationship to other factors or parameters or dimensions. Therefore, it might be a more useful language in which to express the relationships in physics where time again has a special role to play, and cannot be treated as just another dimension.The point of this, or any other alternative to the current methods of describing basic physical processes, is that time does not appear-either by common experience or sophisticated scientific understanding-to be the same sort of dimension or parameter as physical dimensions, and is deserving of completely special treatment, in a system of notation designed to accomplish that goal.One approach would be to consider time to be a field effect governed by the application of energy to mass-that is to say, by the interaction of different forms of energy, if you wish to keep in mind the equivalence of mass and energy. The movement of any normal sort of mass is bound to produce a field effect that we call positive time. An imaginary mass would produce a negative time field effect. This is not at variance with Einstein´s theories, since the "faster" a given mass moves the more energy was applied to it and the greater would be the field effect. The time effects predicted by Einstein and confirmed by experience are, it seems, consonant with this concept.第61题The "sound" of Professor Zuckerkandl´s book title probably refers to ______.A.the music of the spheresB.music in the abstractC.musical notationD.the seemingly musical sounds produced by tachyons第62题The passage supports the inference that______.A.Einstein´s theory of relativity is wrongB.the Lorentz-Fitzgerald formulas contradict Einstein´s theoriesC.time travel is clearly possibleD.it is impossible to travel at precisely the speed of light第63题The tone of the passage is______.A.critical but hopefulB.hopeful but suspiciousC.suspicious but speculativeD.speculative but hopeful第64题The central idea of the passage can be best described as being which of the following?A.Anomalies in theoretical physics notation permit intriguing hypotheses and indicate the need for refined notation of the time dimension.B.New observations require the development of new theories and new methods of describing the new theories.C.Einsteinian physics can be much improved on in its treatment of tachyons.D.Zuckerkandl´s theories of tachyon formation are preferable to Einstein´s.第65题According to the author, it is too soon to______.A.call Beethoven a physicistB.adopt proposals such as Zuckerkandl´sC.plan for time travelD.study particle chambers for tachyon traces上一题下一题(66~70/共30题)Reading ComprehensionTwice as many girls as boys are being born in some Arctic villages because of high levels of man-made chemicals in the blood of pregnant women, according to scientists from the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme(Amap).The scientists, who say the findings could explain the recent excess of girl babies across much of the northern hemisphere, are widening their investigation across the most acutely affected communities in Russia, Greenland and Canada to try to discover the size of the imbalance in Inuit communities of the far north.In the communities of Greenland and eastern Russia monitored so far, the ratio was found to be two girls to one boy. In one village in Greenland only girls have been born.The scientists measured the man-made chemicals in women´s blood that mimic human hormones and concluded that they were capable of triggering changes in the sex of unborn children in the first three weeks of gestation. The chemicals are carried in the mother´s bloodstream through the placenta to the foetus, switching hormones to create girl children.Lars-Otto Reierson, executive secretary for Amap, said: " We knew that the levels of man-made chemicals were accumulating in the food chain, and that seals, whales and particularly polar bears were getting a dose a million times higher than that existing in plankton, and that this could be toxic to humans who ate these higher animals. What was shocking was that they were also able to change the sex of children before birth.The sex balance of the human race-historically a slight excess of boys over girls-has recently begun to change. A paper published in the US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences earlier this year said that in Japan and the US there were 250,000 boys fewer than would have been expected had the sex ratio existing in 1970 remained unchanged. The paper was unable to pin down a cause for the new excess of girls over boys.The Arctic scientists have discovered that many of the babies born in Russia are premature and the boys are far smaller than girls. Possible links between the pollutants and high infantmortality in the first year of life is also being investigated.Scientists believe a number of man-made chemicals used in electrical equipment from generators, televisions and computers that mimic human hormones are implicated. They are carried by winds and rivers to the Arctic where they accumulate in the food chain and in the bloodstreams of the largely meat-and fish-eating Inuit communities.The first results of the survey were disclosed at a symposium of religious, scientific and environmental leaders in Greenland´s capital, Nuuk, yesterday, organized by the Patriarch of the Orthodox Church, Bartholomew I, which is looking at the effects of environmental pollution on the Arctic.Dr Reierson said the accumulation of DDT, PCBs, flame-retardants and other endocrine disrupters has been known for some time and young women had been advised to avoid eating some Arctic animals to avoid excess contamination and possible damage to their unborn children. Dr Reierson said blood samples from pregnant women were subsequently matched with the sex of their baby. Women with elevated levels of PCBs in their blood above two to four micrograms per litre and upwards were checked in three northern peninsula´s in Russia´s far east-the Kola, Taimyr and Chukotka-plus the Pechora River Basin.To check the results the survey was widened and further communities, including those on Commodore Island, were investigated. The results were now in for 480 families and the ratio remained the same.He said full results for the widening of the survey would not be published until next year but preliminary results for Greenland showed the same 2:1 ratio in the north.Aqqaluk Lynge, the former chairman of the Inuit Circumpolar Conference who hails from Greenland, said: "This is a disaster, especially for some 1 ,500 people who make up the Inuit nations in the far north east of Russia." Here in the north of Greenland, in the villages near the Thule American base, only girl babies are being born to Inuit families." The problem is acute in the north and east of Greenland where people still have the traditional diet."This has become a critical question of people´s survival but few governments want to talk a-bout the problem of hormone mimickers because it means thinking about the chemicals you use. "I think they need to be tested much more stringendy before they are allowed on the market. "第66题Why are their more girls than boys born in some Arctic villages?____第67题How did man-made chemicals in women´s blood affect the sex of the unborn children?____第68题What is the case in Japan and the US had the sex ratio existing in 1970 remained unchanged?____第69题How did scientists believe that a number of man-made chemicals used in electrical equipment get to the Arctic?____第70题When is the full result for the widening of the survey expected to be published?____。
武汉大学研究生英语Unit 7 考试难句翻译
1．It was a big, frame squarish house that had once been white, decorated with cupolas and spires and scrolled balconies in the heavily lightsome style of the seventies, set on what had once been our most select street. （Para 2）那是一幢过去漆成白色的四方形大木屋,坐落在当年一条最考究的街道上,还装点着有十九世纪七十年代风格的圆形屋顶,尖塔和涡形花纹的阳台,带有浓厚的轻盈气息2．only Miss Emily's house was left, lifting its stubborn and coquettish decay above the cotton wagons and the gasoline pumps 一an eyesore among eyesores. （Para 2）只有爱米丽小姐的屋子岿然独存,四周簇拥着棉花车和汽油泵.房子虽已破败,却还是桀骜不驯,装模作样,真是丑中之丑.3．Colonel Sartoris invented an involved tale to the effect that Miss Emily’s father had loaned money to the town, which the town, as a matter of business, preferred this way of repaying. （Para 3）沙多里斯上校编造了一大套无中生有的话,说是爱米丽的父亲曾经贷款给镇政府,因此,镇政府作为一种交易,宁愿以这种方式偿还.4．When the Negro opened the blinds of one window, they could see that the leather was cracked；and when they sat down, a faint dust rose sluggishly about their thighs, spinning with slow motes in the single sun-ray．（Para 5）黑人掀开一扇窗帘,这时,便可看出皮套子已经坼裂;等他们坐了下来,大腿两边就有一阵灰尘冉冉上升,尘粒在那一缕阳光中缓缓旋转.5．Her skeleton was small and spare; Perhaps that was why what would have been merely plumpness in another was obesity in her: Because of her small frame, extra weight became much more visible and exaggerated on her. （Para 6）她的身架矮小，也许正因为这个缘故,在别的女人身上显得是丰满的东西,而她却给人以肥大的感觉.6．Her eyes, lost in the fatty ridges of her face, looked like two small pieces of coal pressed into a lump of dough as they moved from one face to another while the visitors stated their errand. （Para 6）当客人说明来意时,她那双凹陷在一脸隆起的肥肉之中,活像揉在一团生面中的两个小煤球似的眼睛不住地移动着,时而瞧瞧这张面孔,时而打量那张面孔。
武汉大学硕士英语汉译英重点
武汉大学硕士英语汉译英重点1、走社会主义道路，就是要逐步实现共同富裕。
共同富裕的构想是这样的：一部分地区有条件先发展起来，一部分地区发展慢点，先发展起来的地区带动后发展的地区，最终达到共同富裕……解决的办法之一，就是先富起来的地区多交点利税，支持贫困地区的发展。
翻译：To take the road of socialism is to realize common prosperity step by step. Our plan is as follow: where conditions permit, some areas may develop faster than others; those that develop faster can help promote the progress of those that lag behind, until all become prosperous… One way is for the areas that become prosperous first to support the poor ones by paying more taxes or turning in more profits to the state.3、现阶段中国已经实现了粮食基本自给，在未来的发展过程中，中国依靠自己的力量实现粮食基本自给，客观上具备诸多有利因素。
翻译：China has basically achieved self-sufficiency in grain at the present stage, and there are many favorable objective factors for her to maintain such achievement by her own efforts in the course of future development.4、社会主义中国应该用实践向世界表明，中国反对霸权主义、强权政治，永不称霸。
武汉大学2016年翻硕真题
武汉大学2016年翻硕真题
翻译硕士英语:
前面还是一贯40个选择题，涉及语法词汇，部分题目源自GRE试题，改错讲的是美国流行音乐，阅读整体不算太难，作文写的是关于奢侈品和服务的luxury goods and service.
英语翻译基础：
英译汉全部是缩写，有VASM VAR SARS CPC UNESCO POW FOB CAAC OTC ETC BSE ，汉译英有恋父情结，军事基地，轭式搭配，百科全书，交通拥堵。
段落翻译英译汉讲的是黄梅十字绣，英翻汉是三个小段落，属于散文描写累的，第一个描写女性，第二个说脑子炸了，眼前的场景像电视机坏了出现雪花斑点一样，第三个说的是在餐馆听到上头风云人物的八卦是一件开心事，大家都专注倾听而忘了吃饭，都希望把这些事儿带回公司讲个别人听。
汉语写作与百科知识：
选择题大部分都是课外知识，很少考到武大刘军平老师的那本百科书，25个选择题只有几个是书上的，应用文写的是申请书。
第一篇大作文给了一段材料说财经作家吴晓波在自媒体上发消息说决定征稿重译亚当斯密的国富论，并给出每一千字500的报酬，对于这个现象，有人认为这样翻译不严谨。
后面说其实，重译经典是每一个译者无法抗拒的诱惑，然后等等，最后问你怎么看待经典重译这一现象，让你写评论。
第二篇是命题作文，论个人素质和受教育程度的关系。
全国翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研常考词汇汇总
2015年翻译硕士考研真题汇总，缩略词解析各个学校常考英语翻译基础词汇解析同济大学英语翻译基础汉译英：人民币升值，中共十八大三中全会，校友录，中国(上海)自由贸易试验区，成本最小化，资源配置，财产担保，包容性增长英译汉：Obamacare，Likonomics，payment of liquidated damage，Outlaws of the Marsh，selfie，the Engineering Employer，brokerage fee南京师范大学英语翻译基础词汇翻译：API CBD FOB BBS OTC TQC EEC MIT pairing—assistance community—level democracy,without imposing a single solution,advantages of a late comer,greenery coverage,designated driver,蜗居，忧患意识，团购优惠券，盲目投资，农家乐，小产权房，地沟油，地王，生态移民，公务用车，工伤保险，加强党性修养，事业编制，解决民生问题，信访办汉语写作与百科名词解释：金砖国家，高附加值产业，大宗商品市场，非洲联盟，非洲一体化，肯尼亚，基础设施，后现代趋势，弗吉尼亚伍尔芙，奥斯卡奖，蜂窝数据流量，WI-FI南京大学英语翻译基础Masscult ISO OPEC NATO UNESCO I-STEEL YOG World Intellectual Property Organization CBD IMF Greenhouse effect自动售票机货到付款泡沫经济绿色食品打假反腐倡廉素质教育网民工业园区市场准入和平过渡脱口秀YOG、UNSECO、ISO、OPEC、Euromart、The European Economic Community、CBD、negative population growth、World Intellectual Property Organization、I-steel、工业园区、绿色食品、泡沫经济、和平过渡，、网民、、战略伙伴关系名词解释：全球化、欧元区、发达国家、通胀、CPI、“量化宽松”、莫言、植被、民族、网络文学、诺贝尔文学奖、南京、长江、六朝、李白、王安石、转基因作物、抗体西南财经大学英语翻译基础科举制调控房价安居工程儒家思想文化发展格局GMT FIFA entra terrestrial口蹄疫中央情报局CEO FIFA GMT个人全能比赛安居工程养老保险金文化发展格局科举制儒家思想调控房价国家重点学科undisputed victory green house effect四川外语学院英语翻译基础civil law,mass transit,wage theory,mock epic,high seas,CYO,ICN,IAEA,ILO,irrigation and brainage, counterespionage,higher down payment,fat chance,have kissed the Blarney stone,polar front，中国梦，工作作风，网络推手，韩国泡菜，民族复兴，司法公信力，重庆东站（火车站），轮值主席（国），国际翻译日主题，个人财产申报，克强经济学，成品油定价机制，上海自由贸易区，防空识别区，十八届三中全会首都师范大学英语翻译基础anti semitism反闪族主义,cruise missile巡航导弹,metaphysics形而上学,中庸之道the golden mean，礼乐文化The ritual and music culture,可持续发展sustainable development,可行性...feasibility...湖南师范大学英语翻译基础纱门screen door、鼻孔nostril、GNP国民生产总值、GSP普惠制武汉大学英语翻译基础hard shoulder隔离墩、default fine违约罚金、The China News Service中国新闻社外交学院英语翻译基础CMI国际组织LNG产品名称QFII QDII商业用语WIPO SAARC国际组织IUSSP国际组织,markup pricing,velocity of money,installed system memory,ethnocentrism,lump-of-labor fallacy,just war doctrine,best of five sets领海国书总领事反人类罪外交使团货币导向机制边际消费倾向成本效益分析特命全权大使军备竞赛广东外语外贸大学汉译英十八届三中全会，国家民族事务委员会，中国地震局，玩忽职守，徇私舞弊，以...为抓手，暂行规定，行政问责制，国际会议口译员协会，国际惯例，主管部门，绿化覆盖面积，得寸进尺，一站式服务，西厢记英译汉Baltimore Sun,low-end processing,occupational health and safty,court of first instance,China-EU maritime transport agreement,state council for China US trade,diamond cuts diamond,the catcher in the rye百科解释，银监会，行政许可，独立董事，结汇，核心资本，十八届三中全会，生态文明，中等收入陷阱，改革红利，小康社会，君主立宪制，自由大宪章，明治维新，洋务运动，张之洞，计划经济，事业单位，绩效工资，养老金，去行政化中南大学IMOOAU OECD APEC UNCF ASEAN AFTA中国创业板准备金率养老保险传销土豪上市子公司坚持政府引导，企业主体，市场运作，互利共赢的方针天津大学汉译英：外卖团购官邸制英译汉：ICU，IOC，Pyramid diacause，北京大学英译汉clone,futurology,intercom,virusbuster,backboard,broad jump,cheerleader,penalty kick,box-office,chain smoker,costume ball,DINK,Emmy,Good Friday,population census.汉译英办实事,保持后劲,北京通,秉公办事,长远利益,城市规划,出口税,从善如流,侨务政策,德才兼备,抵押贷款,电子出版业,房地产市场,非法集资,分包商.东北林业大学UFO、SCI、IOU、GNP、NATO、ILO、FDI、total quantity control、吉尼斯世界纪录、公共卫生设施、宏观经济政策、减员增效、关税壁垒、股指、基因工程名词解释：1、央行2、利率3、屈原4、重阳节5、陶渊明6、诗经7、《包法利夫人》8、楚辞9、巴菲特10、比尔盖茨11、股票12、预算13、宏观调控14、投资15、慈善基金会16、南美洲17、苏黎世18、税收制度19、中新网20、海协会21、东海防空识别区22、春秋战国23、资源配置24、经济全球化提高暑假复习效率的三个万能定律一、鲶鱼效应：一个"竞争"的复习环境很久以前，挪威人从深海捕捞的沙丁鱼，总是还没到达海岸都已经口吐白沫。
武汉大学研究生英语复习Unit1
Unit 1Text A(1)(be) fraught with 充满（be filled/attended with, threatening unpleasant consequences）stumbling block 障碍物，绊脚石（hindrance/impediment/obstacle）intention 意图，目的，意向(good intentions 好意)mutual 共同的，相互的rejection 拒绝，抛弃I t’s appropriate at this time of major changes in the international scene to take a look at some of the reasons for the disappointing results of attempts at communication. 在国际形势发生重大变化的这个时候，有必要研究一下交流中的努力的令人失望的结果的一些原因。
(2)cement 巩固，加强(settle or establish firmly)reproduce 复制，再生，繁殖deceiving 欺骗comforting 安慰的，令人欣慰的“people are people” 人就是人“deep down we’re all alike” 在内心深处，我们都是一样的a determined search for proof of this leads to disappointment.坚定地寻找这方面的证据会导致失望。
(3)promising 有希望的，有前途的；许诺，答应（promise的现在分词形式）contracted 收缩，订契约（contract 的过去式和过去分词）；收缩的disgust（n.）厌恶，嫌恶；（vt.）使厌恶；使作呕upbringing（n.）教养，养育，抚育displayed 显示的；表现，展示，陈列（display的过去分词）suppressed 被封锁的，被抑制的，被镇压的；镇压，阻碍发展，禁止（发表、传播），封锁，抑制，阻止自觉抑制（不愉快的记忆）（suppress的过去时和过去分词）bring about 引起，导致；使掉头differ from 与…不同；区别于…joy（n.）欢乐，快乐，乐趣，高兴；（vi.）欣喜，欢喜；（vt.）高兴，使快乐sorrow（n.）悲伤，懊悔，伤心事；（vi.）懊悔，遗憾，感到悲伤；（vt.）为…悲痛the combination of muscles contracted for anger, fear, surprise, sadness, disgust, and happiness is the same for all members of our species. 肌肉收缩产生愤怒、恐惧、惊讶、悲伤、厌恶和快乐的组合对我们人类的所有成员都是一样的。
武汉大学硕士研究生英语课本词汇表汇总
affroestation造林aggregate 总数的，总计的alleviation减轻痛苦的，缓和almshouse救济处ambiguity意义含糊analogy类推anecdotal轶事的，有关趣闻的aspiration 志气，抱负，渴望assemblage集合，会众asset资产，财产atypicality不正常，非典型backfire产生反效果bemused沉思的，发呆的，茫然的beset包围，围困bid up 增加，堆积billow巨浪，波涛般滚滚而来之物brushstroke一笔，一画caloric热量的，卡的cardinal最重要的cassava木薯casserole砂锅菜cement巩固，加强cholera霍乱circumvent防止---发生clutch抓紧cognition认识connotation含义，内涵cognitive认知的collateral附属担保品，附属的compositescore综合评分composition组成，创作，作品condolence 吊唁，慰问，同情confound使—惊慌失措conspicuously显著地constraint限制coquettish卖弄风情的cullnary烹饪的‘culminate达到顶点cyclone旋风deplete耗尽deprecation不赞同，反对detachment独立，超然，不偏不倚detectable令人愉快的，宜人的deterrent制止的，威慑的deviation偏差diabetes糖尿病diagonal对角线dioxin二氧(杂)芭disentangle解开，解决（纠纷）disparity不同，悬殊dispensation特许，豁免dispense分配，行使，免去dissipation浪费，消耗distortion曲解，扭曲divulge泄漏duly按时地，及时地duodecimo十二开duress强迫，胁迫，强制dyad=diad二，一双earmark指定（款项）用途encroach侵犯，侵占endearment爱慕（的表达）enfeeble使衰弱enlargement扩大，扩展enlightenment启发，开导，教导entall使必要，牵涉equitableness公平，公正equity正义，公正，股本ethnocentric种族（民族）中心主义的exacerbate使（病，痛苦等）加剧（恶化）exact强求，强要exertion尽力，费力，努力externally外部因素，外在特征façade 表面，外观，正面，立面fallaway消失，抛弃fallout with sb. 争吵，吵架fetus胎儿fluid流动的，不固定的fraughtwith充满的forsooth的确，确实grassroots基层，农业区gravitate受引力作用，倾向grimace怪相，鬼脸hereditary世袭的，遗传的hindrance阻碍hygiene卫生hypothesis假设illumination照亮，阐明，启发impervious不可渗透的，不受影响的impropriety不适当的，不得体的indefaultof没有，在-缺少时inadvertently因疏忽所致地incineration焚化，火葬indentation压痕，凹痕indexscore指数infest (害虫)大批出没于inflection变音infrastructure基础设施，基础建设inheritance继承物，遗产inscrutable不可思议的，不可预测的integration整体，综合intestinal肠的，内部的intrauterine子宫内的intrusion打扰，侵扰locomotion运动，移动lull使安静，平静macabre以死亡为主题的，令人毛骨悚然的mainstream作为（思想或行动）的主流mean平均数melancholy 忧郁migration迁移，移居modulate调整，调节motif主题，图形multiplicity多重性nonetheless然而obliterate涂抹，去掉什么的痕迹octave八度音offset补偿，抵消optimal最佳的optimize充分利用，是最优化parasite 寄生虫，食客pare剥，削，削减pare down 削减parsimonious小气的，吝啬的pastel (色彩)淡的，柔和的pedagogy教学法penitentiary教养所permeate渗入，透过，弥漫，充满，perpetuate使持续，使永久perverse坚持错误的，刚愎的，任性的pester使烦恼peter逐渐枯萎，逐渐消失plasticity可塑性，适应性pleat褶portfolio组合投资posterity后裔，子孙，后代post-test后测试precaution预防，警惕，防范precinct界限，范围preconception预想，偏见preferential优惠的，优待的pre-test前测试prolapse脱垂，下垂prone有倾向的，易于prop（up）支持，维持prosodic韵律的proxemics 间距（距离）quadruple (使)变成四倍ration给配额，定量reconnoiter侦察，recuperation复原，恢复，挽回，弥补recur一再发生，重现refreshment 茶点，点心，便餐，饮料remit豁免，免除retard阻碍，使推迟retardation迟钝，延迟，阻滞revenue财政收入，收益ritual (宗教)仪式，典礼，程序，rule out 拒绝考虑rumple弄皱sabotage破坏schistosomiasis血吸虫病screenout考察，甄别scrutiny检查，调查shallowness浅薄，肤浅sibilant发丝音的，丝丝声的sibling兄弟（姐妹）skeleton骨骼，骨架smattering肤浅（片段）的知识smock工作服smoothie (水果)爽sobering使冷静的sobriety清醒，节制，严肃solace安慰，使快乐spatial空间的，存在（占据）空间的standarddeviation标准差standoffish冷淡的steer朝什么前进，把什么引向stereotype陈规，老套，旧框框stillbirth死胎，死产stumblingblock障碍物，绊脚石subsidize资助，补助subsidy补贴subtest次测试sumptuous奢侈的，华丽的superintendence监督，主管，指挥symptomatic 有什么特征（病状）的synergy协同作用tablesu戏剧性场面，舞台造型tarnish使失去光泽，变灰暗teeming充满的，热闹的，多产的，temerity轻率，鲁莽，tenacity坚韧，坚持，顽固，固执tenure占有期，使用期therapy治疗thwart阻碍，阻止tip (使)倾斜token记号，标志，象征，纪念品torso躯干，裸体躯干雕像toxin毒素，毒汁transfer转移transitory短暂的truism自明之理，不言而喻的话unassuming谦逊的undervalue低估，小看，轻视unleash发泄，释放urinary尿的，泌尿的uterus子宫valance床沿挂布，帷幔vanquish征服，战胜，击败vector传病媒介，昆虫媒介者vestige迹象，遗迹virulent剧毒的，恶毒的，恶性的warrant理由充足，使正当waterborne饮水传染的，水上的，水运的whine发牢骚zealous热情（心）的，积极的。
研究生英语(武汉大学版)
1．为什么我们与来自其它文化的人们的交流总是充满了误会、让人感到沮丧呢？令很多人奇怪的是，即使怀着良好的愿望、使用自己认为是友好的方式，甚至有互利的可能性，也似乎都不足以保证交流的成功。
有时候，出现排斥现象正是因为一方所属的文化群体团体是“不同”的。
在这个国际舞台发生重大变化的时刻，探讨为什么尝试交流的结果却令人失望的原因是必要的，这些原因实际上是跨文化交流中的绊脚石。
2．相似性的假设为什么误解或反对会产生呢？这个问题的一个回答就是，大部分的人天真地认为世界上的人有足够的相似之处，可以让我们成功地交流信息或感受，解决共同关注的一些问题，加强商业关系，或者只是产生我们所希望产生的印象。
所有的人都会生儿育女，组成家庭或社会，发展一种语言以及适应他们周围环境的这种倾向特别具有欺骗性，因为它带来了一种期望，这种期望就是这些行为的形式以及围绕这些行动的态度与价值观念将是相似的。
相信“人就是人”和“我们内在本质是相似的，”这让人感到心安理得，但是下定决心去寻找证据却只会令人失望。
3．力求证明达尔文关于面部表情是共同的这一理论的跨文化研究给人极大的希望，研究者发现脸部的某些看得见的形状，即因愤怒、恐惧、惊讶、悲伤、厌恶、幸福而紧缩的肌肉组合,我们人类各成员都是一样的。
但是这似乎无济于事，只要我们意识到一个人生长的文化决定了这种情感是否会表露或压抑,决定了在何种场合和多大的程度上会表露或压抑。
带来这种情绪感受的情形也因文化而异，例如：由于崇拜的文化信仰不同，一个心爱的人死亡可能带来欢乐、悲哀或其他情感。
4．因为似乎没有普遍的人性可以作为自动理解的基础，所以我们必须把每交往当作个别案例来处理，寻求任何共同的认知和交流方法并以此作为出发点。
如果我们认识到我们受文化的约束，受文化的改变，那么我们就会受这一现实：因为各自不同，我们确实不太清楚其他人“是”什么样的。
5．相似性的光环严重阻碍了不同文化间的成功交流。
来自具有明显的区别的文化的代表们见面时，他们都身着西装，讲英语，使用相同的招呼礼仪，这种表面上的相同有很大的迷惑性。
武汉大学翻硕专业课复习
武汉大学翻硕专业课复习本文系统介绍武汉大学翻译硕士考研难度，武汉大学翻译硕士就业，武汉大学翻译硕士考研辅导，武汉大学翻译硕士考研参考书，武汉大学翻译硕士专业课五大方面的问题，凯程武汉大学翻译硕士老师给大家详细讲解。
特别申明，以下信息绝对准确，凯程就是王牌的武汉大学翻译硕士考研机构！武汉大学翻译硕士专业课复习建议英语翻译基础因此凯程老师会在复习阶段让考生多做真题，认真做好笔记。
真题可以解决考研翻译中的单词问题、句子结构问题、翻译考点问题;笔记可以将参考书由厚变薄，加快复习进度。
下面强调一下翻译真题的使用方法：(1)模拟考试，写出译文在这方面，凯程老师会让学生多多练习翻译实践。
之所以要“写出译文”，是因为我们是在“做”翻译，不是“看”翻译。
很多学习英语的人都有这样的经验：明明自己把句子看懂了，也大概理解英语原文，可是就是表达不出来，经常是“只可意会，不可言传”。
问题就在于翻译实践的练习不够，“做”得不够。
(2)精雕细琢，自我提高凯程老师会对学生翻译过来的译文进行指导，学生也可以从中学习到如何把文章翻译的更通顺。
首先，要完全理解原文，对原文中不懂的单词，需要翻翻词典，如果这个单词是大纲单词，但是你没有掌握的话，就需要把这个单词记录下来，以备后面自己作为基础来掌握。
第二要对原文句子逻辑和语法结构，需要完全把握。
要记住翻译的原则：让句子更通顺，切不要改变原文的意义。
(3)比对答案，查找问题凯程老师总结了一下翻译中的关键问题，基本上就是以下三个：1、单词的意思没有掌握，英语原文的词组没有掌握;2、对原文的逻辑结构和语法结构把握错了，弄错了修饰关系;3、汉语意思表达的时候不太符合汉语语言习惯。
翻译硕士英语这个科目的两大学习任务是在广度和深度上提高英语词汇的学习；加大对文章主旨和背景知识的了解和文章写作意图的理解力；加强对近义词和反义词的区分和学习。
高级英语要十分重视写作能力和阅读理解能力的提高，在这两个方面，凯程老师会对同学们进行系统完善的训练。
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英译汉Unit 1(1)Promising are the cross-cultural studies seeking to support Darwin’s theory that facial expressions are universal and researchers found that the particular visible pattern on the face, the combination of muscles contracted for anger, fear, surprise, sadness, disgust, happiness is the same for all members of our species, but this seems helpful until it is realized that a person’s cultural upbringing determines whether or not that emotion will be displayed or suppressed, as well as on which occasions and to what degree.力求证明达尔文关于面部表情是共同的这一理论的跨文化研究给人极大的希望，研究者发现脸部的某些看得见的形状，即因愤怒、恐惧、惊讶、悲伤、厌恶、幸福而紧缩的肌肉组合,我们人类各成员都是一样的。
但是这似乎无济于事，只要我们意识到一个人生长的文化决定了这种情感是否会表露或压抑,决定了在何种场合和多大的程度上会表露或压抑。
(2)The stumbling block of assumed similarity is a “trouble m,” as one English learner expressed it, not only for the foreigner but for the people in the host country with whom the international visitor comes into contact.正如一个学习英语的人所表达的那样，相似性的假设这个的绊脚石是一个“麻烦”，不仅仅是对于来访的外国人，就连这个外国人接触的东道国的人也都是个问题。
(3)They abstract whatever fits into their personal world of recognition and then interpret it through the frame of reference of their own culture.他们只提取出那些适合他们认可的个人世界的东西，然后按照他们自身文化为参考系来加以解释。
Unit 3(1)The key to Crockpot stepfamilies is time and low heat. I’ve already stressed the importance of being patient with the integration process and not trying to force love, care, or togetherness. Often, in an attempt to quickly combine various ingredients such as people, rituals, and backgrounds, stepfamilies use the food processor, microwave, pressure cooker, and blender integration styles.瓦罐煨汤式融合的继亲家庭的关键是温火慢炖。
前文我已经强调了整合过程中有耐心，而不强迫关爱、强迫关心、强迫在一起的重要性。
通常，为了快速的将诸如人，仪式和背景等原料合并一体，继亲家庭采用食品加工式，微波炉式，高压锅式和果汁机式的融合方式。
(2)Stepfamilies need time to adjust to new living conditions, new parenting styles, rules, and responsibilities. They need time to experience one another and develop trust, commitment, and a shared history. They need time to find a sense of belonging and an identity as a family unit. None of these things can be rushed.继亲家庭需要时间来适应新的居住环境，新的父母家教风格，规矩和责任。
他们需要时间来相互体验，产生信任，形成忠诚，创造共同的历史。
他们需要时间来寻找作为一个家庭的归属感和认同感。
所有这些都不能操之过急。
(3) A watched pot never boils. 心急水不开。
(4) Meredith considered it her“down time”to relax and read a good book, Terry enjoyed playing with friends, while Joe mastered his latest computer game.Meredith会把闲暇时间当作者“工歇时间”，放松自己，读一本好书。
Terry喜欢和朋友们一起玩，而Joe 则精通又一种最新的电脑游戏。
Unit 4(1)When economists first began to measure the sources of economic growth, what previously had been considered an unexplained residual became identified as human capital.当经济学家开始测定经济发展的因素时，从前被认为是无法解释的剩余因素被决定为人力资本。
(2)The term “human capital” suggests to some a depersonalization of individual and is associated in the popular mind with a dehumanizing society that equates men with machines.“人力资本”这一术语让人觉得是剥夺人的个性，在公众的脑海里联想到将人与机器等同的异化社会。
(3)When we think about an appropriate investment strategy in China, and the development of its regions, it is very important to understand that optimizing over the full portfolio of investment—both human and physical capital—promote the highest rate of growth.当我们思考在中国的适当投资策略以及各地区发展的时候，十分重要的是要知道，优化人力资本和实物资本投资组合将推动最高速度的发展。
(4)There are benefits to education that are not directly captured by individuals, these externalities are likely to be quite large in China.教育的收益有些并不是个人直接获得的，这些间接受益在中国很有可能是巨大的。
(5)It is important to evaluate government activity on a quantitative basis, to screen the bad investments from the good ones and to conduct policy on a factually informed basis.对政府的活动进行量化评估，剔除坏的投资保留好的投资，实事求是地执行政策，这是至关重要的。
(6)Labor markets are so distorted that wages do not reflect this true marginal contribution of educated labor to the economy.劳动市场如此被扭曲，结果工资没有反映出受教育的劳动者对经济的真实的边际贡献。
Unit 5(1)The synergies between the goals of gender equity, poverty alleviation and environmental sustainability are explored below in terms of addressing poverty, health, climate change, natural disasters and creating sustainable livelihoods by empowering women in the realms of agriculture, forest and biodiversity management.下文对性别平等、减轻贫困以及环境的可持续性三者的协同作用与妇女贫困问题的关系进行了研究，主要涉及能源短缺、水资源缺乏、健康、气候变化、自然灾害以及强化妇女在农业、林业、生态多元化管理领域中的权力，使之创造出可持续的生存方式等问题。
(2)There are differences in exposure according to age and economic status, and in some cultures women tend to undervalue their own health, leading to under-reporting of problems.根据年龄与经济情况的不同，受污染空气毒害的程度各异。
在有些国家，妇女有轻视自己的健康状况的倾向从而导致（毒气影响健康的）问题没有得到充分的报道。
(3)Climate change is expected to increase the burden of disease considerably allowing vectors to breed in latitudes or altitudes where current temperatures prevent them.气候的变化极大地加重了疫情。