精读翻译
5篇英语精读文章+翻译
1.Can We Know the Universe? - Reflections on a Grain of SaltCarl SaganScience is a way of thinking much more than it is a body of knowledge. Its goal is to find out how the world works, to seek what regularities there may be, to penetrate to the connections of things - from sub-nuclear particles, which may be the constituents of all matter, to living organisms, the human social community, and thence to the cosmos as a whole. Our intuition is by no means an infallible guide. Our perceptions may be distorted by training and prejudice or merely because of the limitations of our sense organs, which, of course, perceive directly but a small fraction of the phenomena of the world.Even so straightforward a question as whether in the absence of friction a pound of lead falls faster than a grain of fluff was answered incorrectly by Aristotle and almost everyone else before the time of Galileo. Science is based on experiment, on a willingness to challenge old dogma, on an openness to see the universe as it really is. Accordingly, science sometimes requires courage-at the very least, the courage to question the conventional wisdom.But to what extent can we really know the universe around us? Sometimes this question is posed by people who hope the answer will be in the negative, who are fearful of a universe in which everything might one day be known. And sometimes we hear pronouncements from scientists who confidently state that everything worth knowing will soon be known - or even is already known.Let us approach a much more modest question: not whether we can know the universe or the Milky Way Galaxy or a star or a world. Can we know ultimately and in detail, a grain of salt? Consider one microgram of table salt, a speck just barely large enough for someone with keen eyesight to make out without a microscope. In that grain of salt there are about 1016 sodium and chlorine atoms. This is a 1 followed by 16 zeros, 10 million billion atoms. If we wish to know a grain of salt, we must know at least the three-dimensional positions of each of these atoms. (In fact, there is much more to be known - for example, the nature of the forces between the atoms - but we are making only a modest calculation.) Now, is this number more or less than the number of things which the brain can know?How much can the brain know? There are perhaps 1011 neurons in the brain, the circuit elements and switches that are responsible in their electrical and chemical activity for the functioning of our minds. A typical brain neuron has perhaps a thousand little wires, called dendrites, which connect it with its fellows. If, as seems likely, every bit of information in the brain corresponds to one of these connections, the total number of things knowable by the brain is no more than 1014, one hundred trillion. But this number is only one percent of the number of atoms in our speck of salt.So in this sense the universe is intractable, astonishingly immune to any human attempt at full knowledge. We cannot on this level understand a grain of salt, much less the universe.But let us look more deeply at our microgram of salt. Salt happens to be a crystal in which, except for defects in the structure of the crystal lattice, the position of every sodium and chlorine atom is predetermined. If we could shrink ourselves into this crystalline world, we could see rank upon rank of atoms in an ordered array, a regularly alternating structure - sodium, chlorine, sodium, chlorine, specifying the sheet of atoms we are standing on and all the sheets above us and below us. An absolutely pure crystal of salt could have the position of every atom specified by something like 10 bits of information. This would not strain the information-carrying capacity of the brain.If the universe had natural laws that governed its behavior to the same degree of regularity that determines a crystal of salt, then, of course, the universe would be knowable.Even if there were many such laws, each of considerable complexity, human beings might have the capacity to understand them all.Even if such knowledge exceeded the information-carrying capacity of the brain, we might store the additional information outside our bodies - in books, for example, or in computer memories - and still, in some sense, know the universe.Human beings are, understandably, highly motivated to find regularities, natural laws. The search for rules, the only possible way to understand such a vast and complex universe, is called science. The universe forces those who live in it to understand it. Those creatures who find everyday experience a muddled jumble of events with no predictability, no regularity, are in grave peril. The universe belongs to those who, at least to some degree, have figured it out.It is an astonishing fact that there are laws of nature, rules that summarize conveniently - not just qualitatively but quantitatively - how the world works. We might imagine a universe in which there are no such laws, in which the 1080 elementary particles that make up a universe like our own behave with utter and uncompromising abandon. To understand such a universe we would need a brain at least as massive as the universe. It seems unlikely that such a universe could have life and intelligence, because beings and brains require some degree of internal stability and order. But even if in a much more random universe there were such beings with an intelligence much greater than our own, there could not be much knowledge, passion or joy.Fortunately for us, we live in a universe that has at least important parts that are knowable. Our common-sense experience and our evolutionary history have prepared us to understand something of the workaday world.When we go into other realms, however, common sense and ordinary intuition turn out to be highly unreliable guides.For myself, I like a universe that includes much that is unknown and, at the same time, much that is knowable. A universe in which everything is known would be static and dull, as boring as the heaven of some weak-minded theologians. A universe that is unknowable is no fit place for a thinking being. The ideal universe for us is one very much like the universe we inhabit. And I would guess that this is not really much of a coincidence.2.Extraterrestrial LifeA. Bowdoin Van RiperWhether life exists anywhere in the universe besides Earth is an open question, one that Western scholars have debated for over 200 years without coming significantly closer to a solution.Proving that extraterrestrial life does not exist is, by definition, impossible.Our galaxy is too large for us to investigate every corner of it where life might have arisen since we last looked, and it is only one galaxy among many.Proving that extraterrestrial life does exist is easy in principle but difficult in practice.The discovery of an alien organism would provide proof, but searching for one would require interstellar travel-something well beyond humans' technological reach.NONINTELLIGENT LIFE IN OUR GALAXYMost of the planets and moons in our solar system appear inhospitable to life as we know it. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune lack solid surfaces and receive only limited sunlight. Mercury is baked and irradiated by the sun, while Pluto is perpetually dark and frozen. Venus's dense atmosphere creates crushing pressures, intense heat, and corrosive rain at its surface. Few of the solar system's moons, and none of its asteroids, are large enough to hold even a thin atmosphere. The most likely places to search for life in our solar system appear to be Mars and the larger moons of Jupiter and Saturn. Robot spacecraft have photographed Mars, Europa, and Titan from space. Robot landers have explored small portions of the Martian surface. Finding intelligent life on any of the three worlds now seems unlikely. Finding simpler forms of life, if they exist at all, is likely to require systematic observation at close range.The probability that life exists somewhere else in our galaxy is high, simply because the number of stars in our galaxy is so high. Even if only a tiny fraction of stars have planets, even if only a tiny fraction of those planets are suitable for life, even if life only develops on a fraction of those planets, and even if intelligence only evolves on a fraction of the planets with life, there are still likely to be thousands of life-bearing planets in our galaxy. Finding such life will, however, mean finding the planets. Even ifinterstellar travel was routine, the job would be daunting. It would mean finding one world among thousands, with no evidence of its special status visible at interstellar distances.INTELLIGENT LIFE IN OUR GALAXYIntelligent life, if it exists elsewhere, is likely to be much rarer than nonintelligent life. It may, however, prove easier actually to find. Our own species beams a steady stream of radio and television signals into space and attaches information-laden metal plates to spacecraft headed out of the solar system. The signals are an accidental by-product of broadcasting; the plates are a conscious attempt at communication. Both announce our existence, our level of technological sophistication, and a tiny bit about our culture.It is also possible that a sufficiently intelligent and technologically adept species might find us before we develop the ability to go looking for it. Believers in the extraterrestrial origin of UFOs argue that such encounters have already happened, either in the past or in the present. Most mainstream scientists are skeptical of such beliefs, explaining purported encounters with aliens in more prosaic terms.EXTRATERRESTRIAL LIFE IN POPULAR CULTUREPopular culture depicts thousands of human encounters with extraterrestrial life. Entire subgenres of science fiction are devoted to such encounters: "first contact" stories, "alien invasion" stories, "aliens among us" stories, and so on. A detailed discussion of popular culture's treatment of aliens could easily fill a book. Nearly all stories about extraterrestrial life, however, follow three well-established conventions.First, most stories featuring imagined extraterrestrial life tend to focus on one or, at most, two species from any given world. Gatherings of intelligent aliens from many worlds are common, but fully imagined alien ecosystems are not. The reason for this is both obvious and understandable. Ecosystems are extraordinarily complex. Describing one on Earth, the building blocks of which are familiar, is a significant challenge; creating a plausible alien ecosystem from scratch, using very different building blocks, is an even greater challenge.Second, the physical form of extraterrestrial species reflects human attitudes toward species on Earth. The sweet-natured title character of Stephen Spielberg's film E.T. has a head that is large in proportion to its body and eyes that are large in proportion to its head. It has, in other words, the basic morphology of a human infant. Alien species that invade or attack the earth often resemble creatures that Western culture deems unpleasant. Powerful and benevolent aliens, on the other hand, recall angels in their lack of permanent physical bodies. Their evolution "beyond the need for physical form" is also suggestive of ideas about the afterlife.Third, the personalities and thought patterns of intelligent aliens closely resemble those of humans. Alien invaders of Earth want what human invaders want: territory, resources, slaves, or mates. Alien benefactors of Earth act out of altruism or paternalism or to secure allies in a hostile universe. Humans and aliens routinely discover that despite their physical differences, they share many of the same hopes and fears.We know nothing of how extraterrestrial life - if it exists - appears, behaves, or (if intelligent) thinks. Stories about it thus allow for limitless imagination. We tend, nevertheless, to imagine aliens whose appearance reflects our attitudes toward species here on Earth and whose thought and behavior patterns mirror our own. The reason for this is less a failure of imagination than an acknowledgement of dramatic necessity.Stories about human encounters with alien species are, ultimately, stories about us rather than the aliens. The innocent, stranded aliens of films like Escape from the Planet of the Apes and Starman are litmus tests for human society. Good-hearted individuals shelter and aid them, but those in power persecute them; the stories simultaneously reveal the best and worst of human behavior. Stories like these require aliens that are more human than any real alien species is likely to be-aliens that are human enough for human characters to interact with and for human audiences to care about.3.We Are All ScientistsThomas H. HuxleyThe method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind.It is simply the mode at which all phenomena are reasoned about.There is no more difference, between the mental operations of a man of science and those of an ordinary person, than there is between the operations and methods of a baker weighing out his goods in common scales, and the operations of a chemist in performing a difficult and complex analysis by means of his balance and finely graduated weights.It is not that the action of the scales in the one case, and the balance in the other, differ in the principles of their construction or manner of working; but the beam of one is set on an infinitely finer axis than the other, and of course turns by the addition of a much smaller weight.You have all heard it repeated, that men of science work by means of induction and deduction: and that by the help of these operations, they wring from Nature certain other things, which are called natural laws and causes, and that out of these, they build up hypotheses and theories. And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can by nomeans be compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special apprenticeship to the craft. To hear all these large words, you would think that the mind of a man of science must be constituted differently from that of his fellow men; but if you will not be frightened by the terms, you will discover that you are quite wrong. Probably there is not one here who has not in the course of the day had occasion to set in motion a complex train of reasoning, of the very same kind, though differing of course in degree, as that which a scientific man goes through in tracing the causes of natural phenomena.A very trivial circumstance will serve to exemplify this. Suppose you go into a fruiter's shop, wanting an apple--you take up one, and, on biting it, you find it is sour; you look at it, and see that it is hard and green. You take up another one, and that too is hard, green, and sour. The shop man offers you a third; but, before biting it, you find it is hard and green, and you immediately say that you will not have it, as it must be sour.Nothing can be simpler than that, but if you take the trouble to analyze and trace out into its logical elements what has been done by the mind, you will be greatly surprised. You found that, in the two experiences, hardness and greenness in apples went together with sourness. When you are offered another apple which is hard and green, you say: "All hard and green apples are sour; this apple is hard and green, therefore it is sour." You see, you have, in the first place, established a law by induction, and upon that you have founded a deduction, and reasoned out the special conclusion of the particular case. Now, suppose, someday, you are questioned by a friend: "But how do you know that all hard and green apples are sour?" You at once reply, "Oh, because I have tried them over and over again, and have always found them to be so." Well, if we were talking science instead of common sense, we should call that an experimental verification. The more extensive verifications are, the more frequently experiments have been made, and results of the same kind arrived at, and the more varied the conditions under which the same results are attained, the more certain is the ultimate conclusion. And in science, as in common life, our confidence in a law is in exact proportion to the absence of variation in the result of our experimental verifications. We believe gravitation in such an extensive, thorough, and unhesitating manner because the universal experience of mankind verifies it, and we can verify it ourselves at any time; and that is the strongest possible foundation on which any natural law can rest.Let us now take another example.Suppose that on coming down to the parlor of your house, you find that a teapot and some spoons which had been left in the room are gone--the window is open, and you observe the mark of a dirty hand on the window frame, and you notice the impress of a hobnailed shoe on the gravel outside. All these phenomena have struck your attention instantly, and before twoseconds have passed you say, "Oh, somebody has broken open the window, entered the room, and run off with the spoons and the teapot!" You mean to say exactly what you know; but in reality you are giving a hypothesis. You do not know it at all; it is nothing but a hypothesis rapidly framed in your own mind. By a train of reasoning involving many inductions and deductions, you have probably arrived at the general law that the windows do not open by themselves. Something has opened the window. A second general law you have arrived at is that teapots and spoons do not go out of a window spontaneously. They have been removed. In the third place, you look at the marks on the windowsill and the shoe-marks outside, and you conclude that they are made by a man. You assume from all these premises that the man who made the marks outside and on the window sill, opened the window, got into the room, and stole your teapot and spoons.Now, in this supposition case, I have taken phenomena of a very common kind, in order that you might see what are the different steps in an ordinary process of reasoning. I say that you are led to your conclusion by exactly the same train of reasoning as that which a man of science pursues when he is endeavoring to discover the origin and laws of the most occult phenomena. The only difference is that the nature of the inquiry being more abstruse, every step has to be most carefully watched, so that there may not be a single crack or flaw in his hypothesis. A flaw or crack in many of the hypotheses of daily life may be of little or no moment; but, in a scientific inquiry, a fallacy, great or small, is always of importance, and is sure to be in the long run constantly productive of mischievous, if not fatal results.puter AddictsDina IngberIt is 3 A.M. Everything on the university campus seems ghostlike in the quiet, misty darkness--everything except the computer center. Here, twenty students sit transfixed at their consoles, tapping away on the terminal keys. For the rest of the world, it might be the middle of the night, but here time does not exist. As in the gambling casinos of Las Vegas, there are no windows or clocks. This is a world unto itself. Like gamblers, these young computer "hackers" are pursuing a kind of compulsion, a drive so consuming it overshadows nearly every other part of their lives and forms the focal point of their existence. They are compulsive computer programmers.What do they do at the computer at all hours of the day or night? They design and play complex games; they delve into the computer's memory bank for obscure tidbits of information; like ham radio operators, they communicate with hackers in other areas who are plugged into the same system. They even do their everyday chores by computer, typing termpapers and getting neat printouts. By breaking the code, they can cut into other programs, discovering secrets in computerized systems or making mischievous (and often costly) changes to other people's programs.Computer-science teachers are now more aware of the implications of this hacker phenomenon and are on the lookout for potential hackers and cases of computer addiction that are already severe. They know that the case of the hackers is not just the story of one person's relationship with a machine. It is the story of a society's relationship to the so-called thinking machines, which are becoming almost ubiquitous.Many feel we are now on the verge of a computer revolution that will change our lives as drastically as the invention of the printing press and the Industrial Revolution changed society in the past. By the most conservative estimates, one out of three American homes will have computers or terminals within the next five to ten years. Electronic toys and games, which came on the market in 1976, already comprise a more than half-billion-dollar business. And though 300,000 Americans now work full time programming computers, at least another 1.2 million will be needed by 1990. Many of them are likely to come from today's young hackers.There is a strong camaraderie and sense of belonging among hackers. They have their own subculture, with the usual in jokes and even a whole vocabulary based on computer terminology (there is even a hacker's dictionary). But to outsiders, they are a strange breed. In high schools, the hackers are called nerds or the brain trust. They spend most of their free time in the computer room and don't socialize much. And many have trouble with interpersonal relationships.Joel Bion, a sophomore at Stanford, explains how he got hooked: "I've been working with computers since I was eight. I grew up in Minnesota and I didn't have many friends. I wasn't into sports and couldn't participate in gym class because I had asthma. Then I found a computer terminal at school. I bought some books and taught myself. Pretty soon I was spending a few hours on it every day. Then I was there during vacations. Sure, I lost some friends, but when I first started I was so fascinated. Here was a field I could really feel superior in. I had a giant program, and I kept adding and adding to it. And I could use the computer to talk to people all over the state, I thought that was a great social interaction. But, of course, it wasn't, because I never came into face-to-face contact."Interesting and malleable are the two key words if you want to understand the hacker's addiction and the increasing allure of the computer for all segments of our society.The computer can be almost as interesting as a human being. Like people, it is interactive. When you ask it a question, it gives you an answer. And because it stores great quantities of information, it can often answermore questions, more accurately, than human friends. This interaction has led some to attribute human characteristics to the machine.Hackers are not the only ones interacting with the computer on a personal level. The amazing powers of the machine have enticed even the most sophisticated scientists into wondering just how human it can become. The newly developing science of artificial intelligence aims at programming the computer to think, reason and react in much the same way that people do. Computers can diagnose a patient's ailments and recommend treatments. They can mimic the dialogue of a psychotherapist or the reasoning of a lawyer.If computers can replace our most admired humans, the professionals, then why shouldn't the hackers feel close to them and invest emotional energy in them? After all, the computer seems to have unlimited potential. Already, with today's technology, tens of thousands of words can be stored on a tiny silicon chip measuring less than a centimeter square and millimeter thick. And any item of information on the chip can be called up and displayed on a TV screen in a fraction of a second. So the computer user has access to worlds of information within reach, literally, of his fingertips. And the computer can rearrange that information and interrelate facts or draw conclusions at the programmer's command. It is extremely malleable.Computer-science teachers say they can usually pick out the prospective hackers in their courses because these students make their homework assignments more complex than they need to be. Rather than using the simplest and most direct method, they take joy in adding extra steps just to prove their ingenuity.But perhaps those hackers know something that we don't about the shape of things to come. "That hacker who had to be literally dragged off his chair at MIT is now a multimillionaire of the computer industry," says MIT professor Michael Dertouzos. "And two former hackers became the founders of the highly successful Apple home-computer company."When seen in this light, the hacker phenomenon may not be so strange after all. If, as many psychiatrists say, play is really the basis for all human activity, then the hacker games are really the preparation for future developments.Computers are not just becoming more and more a part of our world. To a great degree they are our world. It is therefore not unlikely that our relationship with them will become as subjective as that of the hackers. So perhaps hackers are, after all, harbingers of the world to come.5.Why Superstitions?Peter LorieEvery age pays attention to the ancient superstitions according to a certain subtle fashion, very often knowing nothing about the original sources from which they derived. It wasn't so long ago that bibles were fanned in front of sick men's faces and communion wine was prescribed for whooping cough while women bathed their sore eyes with baptismal water. Although modem Westerners would not admit to crossing themselves when faced with potential evil such as a passing magpie, they do cross fingers to prevent bad luck. Some superstitions merely transform from the original, and the original is frequently a relic of still more ancient cultures and long-vanished ways of life. Above all, superstitions remain as outward expressions of the tensions and anxieties that hold sway over humanity as it struggles down the corridor of life from birth to death, full of change and uncertainty.We can see the superstition, therefore, as a kind of reassurance against fluctuation as though we are part of an impenetrable mystery with incomprehensible rules.And yet - strangely perhaps in this age of reason - it very often turns out that we are more interested in the mysteries of superstitions than in previous centuries when they were taken for granted, and that in fact there is much more to many superstitions than is at first obvious. Mistletoe, for example, was the most holy of plants to the Druids, why so? To hang a sprig of this strange plant in a house at Christmas is to attract young men to kiss young women beneath it, each time plucking one of the berries from the sprig. Why should this be so? Who started it? Why did the hanging of mistletoe keep away the devil? The young woman to whom the man had given the plucked berry would retire to her room, lock the door and swallow the berry. She would then inscribe the initials of the man onto a mistletoe leaf and "stitch it into her corset close to her heart, binding him to her so long as it remain there."Superstitious nonsense! But how do we maintain the best love affairs, the best and most happy relationships? By mutual concern, by bringing the partner close to an open heart, by honesty and warmth, by acknowledging their presence in our lives. How better to represent this than with a mistletoe leaf inscribed and secreted in the most intimate place?All superstition has grown from something; there is no smoke without fire. Who was the first one to decide that opening an umbrella in a house is bad luck? Who was the first to walk under a ladder and suffer the consequences? Who smashed a mirror, and spilled salt to spend a life-sentence at the hands of the fates? Who first branded Friday the 13th as a day on which luck would run out? What was the world like that produced and maintained such extraordinary ideas?。
大学英语精读课后翻译汇总(1-7单元)
大学英语精读课后翻译汇总Unit 11)史密斯太太对我抱怨说，她经常发现与自己十六岁的女儿简直无法沟通。
Mrs. Smith complained to me that she often found it simply impossible to communicate with her 16-year-old daughter.2) 我坚信，阅读简写的(simplified) 英文小说是扩大我们词汇量的一种轻松愉快的方法。
I firmly believe that reading simplified English novels is an easy and enjoyable way of enlarg ing our vocabulary.3) 我认为我们在保护环境不受污染(pollution) 方面还做得不够。
I don’t think we’re doing enough to protect our environment from pollution.4) 除了每周写作文外，我们的英语老师还给我们布置了八本书在暑假里阅读。
In addition to/Apart from writing compositions on a weekly basis, our English teacher assign ed us eight books to read during the summer vacation.5) 我们从可靠的消息来源获悉下学期一位以英语为母语的人将要教我们英语口语。
We’ve learned from reliable sources that a native English speaker is going to teach us spok e n English next term/semester.6) 经常看英语电影不仅会提高你的听力，而且还会帮助你培养说的技能。
大学英语精读3课后翻译
UNIT 11.讲话人〔 spokesman〕明确表示总统在任何状况下都不会撤消〔 The spokesman made it clear that the President would not cancel〕此次旅游。
cancel the trip under anycircumstances.2.杰克对书架上那些书一本也不认识，因此他的选择是很任意的。
Jack didn't know anything about any of the books on the bookshelf, so his choice wasquite arbitrary.3.随后发生的那些事件再次证了然我的猜忌〔suspicions〕是对的。
(Confirm)The subsequent events confirmed my suspicions once again.4.我以为我们应当鼓舞中学生在暑期找暂时工作。
I think we should encourage high school students to find temporary jobs / employmentduring their summer holidays.5.令我们惊讶的是，这位常被赞为十分正直的州长〔governor〕居然是个赃官〔corrupt official〕。
To our surprise, the governor who had often been praised for his honesty turned out to bea corrupt official.6.少量工人获取提高〔be promoted〕，与此同时却有数百名工人被辞退。
A few workers were promoted, but meanwhile hundreds of workers were dismissed.7.假如有机遇，约翰或许已成为一位优异的画家了。
精读第六册翻译
LESSON ONE HOW TO GET THE POOR OFF OUR CONSCIENCE1.An imbalance between the rich and poor is the oldest and most fatal ailment of republics.贫富不均乃共和政体最致命的宿疾。
2.Their poverty is a temporary misfortune: If they are poor and also meek, they eventually willinherit the earth.他们的贫困只是一种暂时的不幸；如果他们穷困但却温顺，他们最终将成为这个世界的主人。
3.Couples in love should repair to R.H.Macy’s, not their bedrooms.热恋的新婚夫妇应该上梅西百货公司过夜，而不是回到他们的新房。
4.The American Beauty Rose can be produced in the splendor and fragrance which bring cheerto its beholder only by sacrificing the early buds which grow up around it. And so is it in economic life. It is merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God.只有通过牺牲早期生长在其周围的花蕾，这朵以其华贵与芳香而令观众赞不绝口的美国玫瑰花后才能被培育出来。
在经济生活中亦如是。
这仅仅是自然法则和上帝律法在起作用。
5.(It has become) an economically not unrewarding enterprise.他已成为经济上收入不菲的一个行业。
大学英语精读2课文翻译
Unit1 The Dinner Party 晚宴那个美国人没有参加这场争论，他只是注视着在座的其他客人。
在他这样观察时，他发现女主人的脸上显出一种奇异的表情。
她两眼盯着正前方，脸部肌肉在微微抽搐。
她向站在座椅后面的印度男仆做了个手势，对他耳语了几句。
男仆两眼睁得大大的，迅速地离开了餐室。
在座的客人中除了那位美国人以外谁也没注意到这一幕，也没有看到那个男仆把一碗牛奶放在紧靠门边的走廊上。
那个美国人突然醒悟过来。
在印度，碗中的牛奶只有一个意思——引蛇的诱饵。
他意识到餐室里一定有条眼镜蛇。
Unit2 Lessons from Jefferson 杰斐逊的遗训杰斐逊的勇气和理想主义是以知识为基础的。
他懂得的东西也许比同时代的任何人都要多。
在农业、考古学和医学方面他都是专家。
在人们普遍采用农作物轮作和土壤保持的做法之前一个世纪，他就这样做了。
他还发明了一种比当时任何一种都好的耕犁。
他影响了整个美国的建筑业，他还不断地制造出各种机械装置，使日常生活中需要做的许多工作变得更加容易。
在杰斐逊的众多才能中，有一种是最主要的：他首先是一位优秀的、不知疲倦的作家。
目前正在第一次出版的他的全集将超过五十卷。
他作为一个作家的才能很快便被发现了，所以，当1776年在费城要撰写《独立宣言》的时刻来到时，这一任务便落在了他肩上。
数以百万计的人们读到他写的下列词句都激动不已：“我们认为这些真理是不言而喻的：一切人生来就是平等的……”Unit3 My First Job 我的第一份工作在我等着进大学期间，我在一份地方报纸上看到一则广告，说是在离我住处大约十英里的伦敦某郊区，有所学校要招聘一名教师。
我因为手头很拮据，同时也想做点有用的事，于是便提出了申请，但在提出申请的同时我也担心，自己一无学位，二无教学经验，得到这份工作的可能性是微乎其微的。
然而，三天之后，却来了一封信，叫我到克罗伊登去面试。
这一路去那儿原来还真麻烦：先乘火车到克罗伊顿车站，再乘十分钟的公共汽车，然后还要至少步行四分之一英里。
大学英语精读课后翻译
第一单元1． Their argument ended when she slammed the door and left without a word. 她砰地关上门，一声不吭地走了，他们间那场争执就此结束2． The guest at the dinner party were slightly surprised at the commanding tone of the American.出席晚宴的客人对那个美国人威严的语气感到有点以外3． Johnny has outgrown the fear of staying at home alone.约翰尼已长大成熟，不再害怕独自呆在家里了4． While all the other passengers made for the exit, he alone remained in his seat as if unwilling to leave the plane.当全部乘客都向出口处走去时，他却独自留在座位上，好象不愿意离开这架飞机似的5． The letter is to be handed to Dr. Wilson himself.这封信必须交给威尔逊博士本人6． While she felt like joining in the argument, Nancy was too shy to open her mouth.南希虽然很想参加辩论，但腼腆得不敢开口7． What do you think is the likeliest time to find him at home?你觉得什么时候最有可能在家里找到他8．The hunter’s face (was) lit up with excitement as soon as he saw a fox emerge from among the bushes and run in thedirection of/ make for the trap he had laid.猎人一看见有只狐狸从树丛中出现并向他设下的陷阱方向跑去，脸上顿时闪出了兴奋的表情。
精读翻译
1.她似乎与新同学相处不好。
(get along with)She doesn't seem to get along with her new classmates.2.我与玛丽失去联系多年，但昨天我与她在电话里联系上了。
(out of touch, get in touch)I'd been out of touch with Mary for years, but I managed to get in touch by phone yesterday.3. 那老兵喜欢对每一位来访者炫耀他的勋章。
(show off)The veteran enjoys showing off his medals to everyone who visits him.4. 她丈夫似乎非常反对她出国。
(opposed to)Her husband seems very much opposed to her going abroad.5. 因为托马斯不安心工作，他的父母非常担忧。
(settle down)As Thomas couldn't settle down in his job, his parents were very worried.6. 我口袋里总装着各种各样的小东西。
(bits and pieces)I always have all kinds of bits and pieces in my pockets.7. 她母亲通过一些私人关系使她进入商界。
(pull strings)Her mother pulled a few strings to get her into the business circle.8. 我希望这些菜合你的胃口。
(to somebody's liking)I hope the food is to your liking.9. 那些男孩太吵闹，我把他们骂了一顿。
精读课文翻译
Unit 11两条路那是个新年之夜，一位老人站在窗前，举目凝视着深蓝的天空，眼中充满悲哀。
夜空中的星星犹如朵朵白色的百合浮在清澈宁静的湖面上。
接着，他将目光移向地面，那里，更多同他一样绝望的人正走向他们确定的目标----坟墓。
他已经走过了人生旅程中的六十个驿站，但除了错误和悔恨，他一无所获。
现在的他年迈体衰，思想空虚，内心沉痛，了无慰藉。
青春如梦一般呈现于眼前，他记起了那严肃的一刻，父亲把他放在两条人生道路的入口处---一条通往和平的阳光地带，那里有鲜花水果覆盖，有甜蜜婉转的歌声环绕；而另一条则通向深不可测的黑洞，那里流淌的是毒汁而不是水，魔鬼和毒蛇在嘶叫、在爬行。
他看着天空，痛苦的哭喊着："我的青春回来啊！爸爸，给我一次机会重新回到人生的路口，我会选择那条更好的路！"但是父亲已逝，青春已逝。
他看到黑暗中光明在逝去，那就像他生命中浪费的日子；他看到一颗流星划过天际，继而消逝，那就是自己的象征。
悔恨象利箭一般深深的刺向他的心，那一刻，他想起儿时的伙伴，他们与他一起开始人生。
但是，现在他们已经步向成功，在这个新年之夜正享受着荣誉和幸福。
高高的教堂塔楼上，钟声响起，他想起了父母对他的爱、他们的谆谆教导和为他向上帝作的祈祷。
但是，他还是走上了错误之路。
由于羞耻和悲伤，他再也没敢看父亲所在的天堂。
他那阴郁的眼中充满泪水，在一阵绝望中他哭喊道："回来啊，青春！回来吧！"他的青春确实回来了，因为以上发生的一切仅仅是他在新年之夜所作的一个梦而已，即使错误是真的，他还年轻，他还没有走入那深黑的洞穴，他现在仍可以选择通往和平与阳光的大道。
那些仍在人生路口徘徊，对选择光明道路犹豫不决的人们啊，要记住，当岁月已逝，而你仍在漆黑的山中蹒跚时，你将会痛苦地哭喊："啊，青春，回来啊！把青春还给我吧！"但这一切为时已晚，无济于事了！Unit 12 市场作用的隐忧在本地超市的水果和蔬菜架上翻翻找找，看着标签上的原产地，我有些困惑：世界各地的水果能够在英国的一个偏僻小城的超市里整齐地摆放着，这在几年前几乎难以想象，而如今却顺理成章了。
现代大学英语精读1课文翻译
第一单元我最初听到这个故事是在印度，那儿的人们今天讲起它来仍好像实有其事似的——尽管任何一位博物学家都知道这不可能是真的。
后来有人告诉我，在第一次世界大战之后不久就出现在一本杂志上。
但登在杂志上的那篇故事, 以及写那篇故事的人，我却一直未能找到。
故事发生在印度。
某殖民官员和他的夫人举行盛行的晚宴。
跟他们一起就座的客人有——军官和他人的夫人，另外还有一位来访的美国博物学家——筵席设在他们家宽敞的餐室里，室内大理石地板上没有铺地毯；屋顶明椽裸露；宽大的玻璃门外便是阳台。
席间，一位年轻的女士同一位少校展开了热烈的讨论。
年轻的女士认为，妇女已经有所进步，不再像过去那样一见到老鼠就吓得跳到椅子上；少校则不以为然。
“女人一遇到危急情况，”少校说，反应便是尖叫。
而男人虽然也可能想叫，但比起女人来，自制力却略胜一筹。
这多出来的一点自制力正是真正起作用的东西。
”那个美国人没有参加这场争论，他只是注视着在座的其他客人。
在他这样观察时，他发现女主人的脸上显出一种奇异的表情。
她两眼盯着正前方，脸部肌肉在微微抽搐。
她向站在座椅后面的印度男仆做了个手势，对他耳语了几句。
男仆两眼睁得大大的，迅速地离开了餐室。
在座的客人中，除了那位美国人以外论证也没有注意到这一幕，也没有看到那个男仆把一碗牛奶放在紧靠门边的阳台上。
那个美国人突然醒悟过来。
在印度，碗中的牛奶只有一个意思——引蛇的诱饵。
他意识到餐室里一定有条眼镜蛇。
他意识到餐室里一定有条眼镜蛇。
他抬头看了看屋顶上的椽子——那是最可能有蛇藏身的地方——但那上面空荡荡的。
室内的三个角落里也是空的，而在第四个角落里，仆人们正在等着下一道菜。
这样，剩下的就只有一个地方了餐桌下面。
他首先想到的是往后一跳，并向其他人发警告。
但他知道这样会引起骚乱，致使眼镜索受惊咬人。
于是他很快讲了一通话，其语气非常威严，竟使所有的人安静了下来。
我想了解一下在座的诸位到底有多大的克制能力，我数三百下——也就五分钟——你们谁都不许动一动。
精读翻译整理
Unit11. 他们利用我们求助无门的困境把我们公司接管了。
They took advantage of our helpless situation and took over our company.2. 虽然我们面前仍有困难，但我肯定我们中国人有智慧靠自己实现国家的和平统一。
Although there are still difficulti es ahead of us, I am sure that we Chinese people will have the wisdom to bring about the peaceful unification of our country on our own.3. 只强调国内生产总值是错误的，它会引起很多严重问题。
It is wrong to put emphasis on nothing but GDP. It will give rise to many serious problems.4. 他喜欢炫耀他的财富，但是这完全是徒劳的，人们仍然像躲避毒药那样躲避他。
He loves to show off his wealth, but this is all in vain. People still avoid him as though he were poison.5. 他不久就爱上了这个村子。
他决心和村民一起把这个地方变成一个花园。
He soon fell in love with the village and was determined to make it a beautiful garden together with other vil lagers.6. 我们必须花更多的钱来和全球气温上升作斗争。
另外，我认为我们还必须采用严厉的法律措施。
这不只是一个钱的问题。
We must spend more money fighting against global warming. In addition, we must resort to tough laws. It is not just a matter of money.7. 当警察到达学校的时候，学生和老师还在一种茫然不知所措的状态。
精读翻译
1.年轻人总是展望未来，哪个时代都是如此。
（be true of）Young people always look into the future. This is true of all ages.2.她特别注意那位顾客的眼睛,因为它们非常大。
（in particular）She noticed the customer's eyes in particular, for they were very big.3.因为家境贫困，他被送去当裁缝的徒弟。
（be apprenticed to）Since his family was poor, he was apprenticed to a tailor. 4.由于产品滞销,该厂已停止生产这类产品。
（stop doing）As the products are unsalable, this factory has stopped producing them.5.这位公司总裁尽力使自己的公司不分裂。
（fall apart）The president of the company did what he could to keep his company from falling apart.6.别太自责了，这事注定要发生。
（be destined to）Don't blame yourself too much, for this was destined to happen.7.我们现在正招聘一位年轻且有经验的会计来协助外销经理的工作。
（as well as）We are now seeking a young as well as experienced accountant to assist the export sales manager.8.圣诞节即将来临，这个城市的商业区呈现一派节日气氛。
（take on）With the coming Christmas, the downtown takes on a festival air.1.他判断失误，以致于损失重大。
精读翻译
Unit11.这种微妙的关心能过维持多久呢？How long can this subtle relationship last?2.双方都将谈判破裂归咎于对方。
Both sides attributed the breakdown in negotiation to each other.3.力不但有大小（magnitude)而且有方向。
A force has direction as well as magnitude.4在敌人的屠刀面前，他毫无惧色。
He exhibited no fear before his enemy’s sword.5.逆境中的三年使他得益匪浅。
He benefited a lot from the three adverse years.6.乔伊斯先生不赞成妻子买那么多衣服。
Mr Joyce disapproved of his wife buying so many clothes.7.那部小说索然无味，我读不下去。
The novel is so bland that i find it difficult to keep on reading it.8.他感到无法将思想集中在那项研究上。
He found it difficult to focus his mind on the research.9.那家伙是江湖医生，而不是眼科专家。
That guy is a quack rather than an eye-specialist.10.他们得另辟蹊径，那种模式并不适用于本厂。
They will have to find a new way,as that model does not apply to their factory.1.他们把一笔款子交给董事会管理。
The committed a sum of money into the care of the board.2.他们不愿意提出任何明确的建议。
现代大学英语精读2课后翻译
现代⼤学英语精读2课后翻译精读21.在不带现⾦的旅途中，⼈们对他的态度使作者深信；⼈们依然可以依靠陌⽣⼈（的帮助）。
The way people helped him during his joureny when he had no money convined the writer that people can still depend on stranger.2.随着时间的推移，我们不可避免地会越来越多地卷⼊国际事务。
⽽冲突必然会发⽣，因为国家之间总有不同的观点和利益。
As time going on we are inevitably going to get more involve in international affairs. And conflicts are sure to occur because there always exist different views and interests among nations.3. 健康保健必须为所有公民所享受，不管他们有什麽不同。
我们没有理由⽀持那些不为⽣活在农村的⼤量⼈⼝所享有的政策。
Health care must be available to all citizens regardless of their differences. We cannot justify a policy that denies medical care to the large population living in the countryside.4.我住在我叔叔家农场的时候常常出洋相。
⽐如要我在稻⽥除草的时候，我常常分不清草和秧苗。
I often made a fool of myself when I was living with my uncle on his farms. Whenasked to get rid of the weeds in the rice fields, foe example, I often failed to tell apart the weeds and the rice seedling.5. 稻⼦需要⼤量的⽔，很多科学家警告我们，不管我们如何节约⽤⽔，总有⼀天我们会为有限的⽔资源打仗。
精读课后翻译
Unit 11. 即使你不会讲法语，你也能找到那个地方。
Even though you don’t speak French, you can still find that place.2. 我想去一所我能获得优良教育的大学。
(where-clause)I want to go to a college where I can get an excellent education.3. 我很快就适应了大学生活。
I soon adjust to college life.4. 他们已查清了那个人是谁。
They have found out who that man is.5. 船应该在什么时候开？When is the ship supposed to leave?Unit 21.谈论早期的摇滚乐不想到埃尔维斯·普莱斯利是很难的。
It is difficult to talk about early rock and roll without thinking of Elvis Presley.2.这首歌不仅在美国，而且在全世界都流行起来了。
This song has become popular not only in the United States but also around the world.3.这种做法的根源可追溯到18世纪。
The root of the practice goes back to the 18th century.4.他的观点和我的差不多。
His view is similar to mine.5.这位教师对我依然有着强烈的影响。
This teacher still has a strong influence on me.Unit 31.每当不好的事情发生时，他并不是抱怨，而是从中汲取教训。
Each time /Every time something bad happened, he would learn from it instead of complaining.2.由于医生的技术，也由于他积极向上的人生态度，他活了下来。
精读6第一、二课全文翻译
如何使我们不为穷人的存在而内疚1.我想认真地思考人类最古老的一种活动，这项活动持续了多年，实际上已经超过了几个世纪，那就是尝试怎样使我们不为穷人的存在而内疚。
2.贫穷和富有从一开始就共生在一起，彼此很不愉快有时还充满危险。
普鲁塔克说：“贫富失衡乃共和政体最致命的宿疾。
”富有和贫穷持续共存产生的问题，特别是如何证明在其他人还贫穷时我们富有是有道理的这一问题。
成为有思想有学问的人几百年来孜孜不倦地思考探索的问题。
3.《圣经》提出了最初的解决之道：在现世遭受贫穷的人来世会得到更好的回报。
他们的贫穷是暂时的灾难：如果贫穷但却能顺从，他们将来就会成为世界的主人。
在某种程度上这就是最理想的解决方法。
这样一来，富人就可以一边嫉妒穷人的美好前途一边享受他们的财富。
4.很长时间之后，即在1776年《国富论》发表二三十年之后——在英国工业革命开始之后——贫穷不均的问题及其解决办法开始具有了现代的形式。
杰里米•本瑟姆，这位与亚当•斯密几乎是同时代的人，提出了这样一种准则，在某种程度上，美国人认为这一准则在英国几乎50年来一直影响显著，这就是实用主义学说。
“通过实用的原则，”本瑟姆在1789年指出，“也就是在每次行动中，依照政党各方利益受影响的好坏趋势，来赞同刚或则否决该项行动的原则。
”实用，实际上一定是以自我为中心的。
然而，社会中只有少数人拥有大量财富，却有更多人没有财富。
只要遵循本瑟姆的——“最大的利益给最多的人”，就能够解决社会问题。
社会尽力满足更多人的利益，然而对于那些利益没有被满足的人来说，这个结果是悲哀的。
5.在19世纪30年代，一种新的准则成为使我们不为穷人的存在感到内疚的有效办法，迄今为止它的影响也丝毫没有减弱。
这是与股票家戴维•里卡多和托马斯•罗伯特•马尔萨斯神父联系在一起的。
它的本质很为人们所熟悉：穷人的贫穷是他们自己的错误。
贫穷是他们过度生育的结果。
很遗憾，他们不能控制性欲，过度生育把地球具有的养活人口的能力推向极限。
大学英语精读课文翻译
大学英语精读课文翻译大学英语精读课文翻译翻译是将一种相对陌生的表达方式，转换成相对熟悉的表达方式的过程。
其内容有语言、文字、图形、符号和视频翻译。
以下是大学英语精读课文翻译的内容，希望能够帮助到大家！大学英语精读课文翻译篇1Unit 1 A Brush with the Law一个青年发现，在大街上毫无明显目的地游逛会招致警方的责罚。
误会一个接一个发生，最终他只得出庭受审……与警察的一场小冲突我平生只有一次跟警方发生纠葛。
被捕和出庭的整个过程在当时是一件非常不愉快的事，但现在倒成了一篇很好的故事。
这次经历令人可恼之处在于围绕着我的被捕以及随后庭上审讯而出现的种种武断专横的情况。
事情发生在大约12年前，其时正是2月。
几个月前我中学毕业了，但上大学要等到10月。
当时我还在家中居住。
一天早晨，我来到里士满。
这里是伦敦的一个郊区，离我住的地方不远。
我在寻找一份临时工作，以便积些钱去旅游。
由于天气晴朗，当时又无急事，我便慢悠悠看看橱窗，逛逛公园。
有时干脆停下脚步，四处张望。
现在看来，一定是这种明显的毫无目的的游逛，使我倒了霉。
事情发生在11点半钟光景。
我在当地图书馆谋职未成，刚刚走出来，便看到一个人穿越马路，显然是要来跟我说话。
我以为他要问我时间，不料他说他是警官，要逮捕我。
起先我还以为这是在开玩笑，但又一个警察出现在我的面前，这次是位身着警服的，这一下使我确信无疑了。
“为什么要抓我?”我问道。
“到处游荡，企图作案，”他说。
“作什么案?”我又问。
“偷窃，”他说。
“偷什么?”我追问。
“牛奶瓶，”他板着面孔说道。
“噢，”我说。
事情原来是这样的，在这一地区多次发生小的扒窃案，特别是从门前台阶上偷走牛奶瓶。
接着，我犯了一个大错误。
其时我年方19，留一头蓬乱的长发，自认为是60年代“青年反主流文化”的一员。
所以我想装出一副冷漠的、对这一事件满不在乎的样子。
于是我尽量用一种漫不经心的极其随便的腔调说，“你们跟踪我多久啦?”这样一来，在他们眼里，我就像是非常熟悉这一套的了，也使他们更加确信我是一个地地道道的坏蛋。
精读4翻译
Unit 11.我知道，不管发什么情况，我都可以依靠兄弟的支持。
I knew I could rely on my brother to stand by me whatever happened.2.一般说来，年轻一代与老一辈不同，他们对现在而不是对过去更感兴趣。
但这两代人如果不互相尊重对方的需要，就都会遭受损失。
As a general rule, unlike the old generation, the younger generation tends to be more interested in the present rather than the past, but both generations will stand to lose if they do not respect the other's needs.3.中国的书面文字是国家完整统一的一个重要因素。
The Chinese written language has been a major factor for integrating the whole nation.4.在中国的传统艺术和文字中，竹子和松树往往象征着道德上的正直和刚正不阿。
In traditional Chinese art and literature, the bamboo and the pine tree usually symbolize moral integrity and uprightness.5.女皇伊丽莎白一世统治英国45年。
在她统治时期，国家十分繁荣昌盛。
Queen Elizabeth I ruled England for 45 years, and the generation prospered under her rule.6.民主意味着多数人来治理；但不仅如此，尊重少数人反对的权利也是民主不可分的一部分。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
对未来的道歉斯科特托马斯伊斯门我亲爱的未来子孙们：当你们看到这些字迹的时候，我已经不在这个世上了，但很可能不是寿终正寝。
那时你们已经长大成人，但别指望能从祖辈这里得到什么。
尽管如此，我想我应该留给你们两样东西——一份道歉和一个解释。
首先是道歉。
我能预想到，你们生活在一片荒芜的土地上，植被和园林早已不复存在。
由于我们以及我们祖先的所作所为，这个星球变成了完全不适合生存的世界。
我为所有有责任的人表示歉意。
尤其感到抱歉的是，今天的种种征兆已表明了你们将要在一个什么样的世界上生活。
我真希望我们是稀哩糊涂，但我们的确知道。
我们知道，我们随意排放的化工垃圾在几十年后会对人类的基因库产生不可挽回的伤害。
无庸置疑，那时的人会有更多的先天缺陷，弱智身残，生不如死。
我们也知道，堆积如山的核废料并没有得到安全的清理和隔离。
到了你们的时代，这些将是祸害。
我们也清楚，当今社会对石油的依赖导致大量的二氧化碳排放到大气中。
我们甚至能预测到温室效应将会导致的灾难性后果：即不可避免的升温和全球范围的气候异常，两极冰盖融化，以及随之而来的洪水，无数的难民，饥荒等惨象。
然而，我们却嘲笑寻找石油和核能的替代燃料。
我们会说，非油能源的开发费用太高而且并不现实。
所以我们不断地凿开地表，向纵深开采，无情地吞噬大地母亲血肉，消耗越来越多的石油。
仅此一个世纪，我们就把地球变成了一个病魔缠身的老妪。
物种正以不可思议的速度一一灭绝。
有些是自然选择，但其中绝大多数还是人为的结果。
就在我们的眼皮之下，食物链正在一天天土崩瓦解。
但这是将来要解决的问题，我们如是说。
是的，我们的周围事事处处都在预示着你们的厄运的开始。
实际上，不只是我们对环境的所作所为预示着我们正在给你们造孽，人类彼此之间的行经同样贻害无穷。
据最新估计，每天有 50 ， 000 人死于饥饿。
也就是说每秒就有一个人饿死。
超级大国非但不向这些饥民提供真正的帮助，而是卖给他们武器。
与此同时，超级大国们每天要花费大约十亿美元来进行自取灭亡的军备竞赛。
很多人害怕“ 第三次世界大战” ，但殊不知“ 第三次世界大战” 早已在进行之中。
二战后的将近 160 次战争中死亡的人数比二战中死亡的人数还要多。
甚至就在我给你们写信的此时此刻，仍有 40 多起战争冲突正在所谓的第三世界国家之间或之中进行。
这些国家大多数好似陷入了流沙坑——越是挣扎，就陷得更深。
当今人类的死亡人数已经触目惊心。
虽然我们尚未动用为人类“ 世界末日” 而准备的核武器库，但“ 世界末日” 时刻都可能发生。
每个美国或苏联人口在 25 ， 000 以上的城市，都有至少一枚核弹瞄准它们。
这些核弹由计算机控制，灵敏度极高，这也就决定了它们的不可靠性。
每当闪电击中克罗拉多洲思柏林市政府的电力网络系统时，北美空防指挥中心的计算机就会以为是苏联的导弹来袭并准备进行反击。
也许这些对你们来说是过时的新闻，现在告诉你们这些已经没有用了。
也许你们已经生活在充满放射性物资的断壁残垣之中：你们会亲身经历基因突变，核辐射损伤，先天性白血病，寿命缩短，以及其他我们遗留给你们的种种令人毛骨悚然的恐怖。
在我看来，这是在所难免的。
人类还从来没有发明一种最终没有用于自己相互残杀的武器。
阿尔佛雷德· 诺贝尔 1866 发明了氨爆炸药。
他曾想，随着这种可怕的武器出现在世界武器库，没有人再会胆敢支持和发动战争了。
在核时代，那种诺贝尔发明炸弹时的天真早就不复存在。
就算你们万幸，在不可思议的天意的庇护下逃过核战争引来的世界末日，你们还是会看到我们亲手留给你们的废墟一片，而你们就要在这片废墟上生活下去，也许我应该说是勉强生存下去。
按理说，政府应该是处理我们集体事务的机构，但我们却不得要领。
你会对人们对当今“开明”时代的政府的看法感到诧异。
例如在美国，你会觉得我们绝不会相信任何人知道如何适时的做好任何事情。
我们已变得非常愤世嫉俗，互相欺骗、公务人员渎职、在大庭广众之下说谎已是家常便饭。
请不要误解我的意思，不是这个或那个政党难逃其咎——而是整个官僚政治体系出了毛病。
说到底，整个社会的政治化，极端化，宗派化已经使每个人都与其他人不和。
在这样一种有悖常情的形势下，国家事物总是反其道而行之。
我们的“ 国防部” 时刻准备并且隐秘地进行侵略性战争；我们的“ 内务部” 廉价出卖公有土地以牟取个人私利，并且还在少的可怜的土地上进行寸草不留的“ 刀耕火种” 般的砍伐；我们的“ 环保机构” 公然践踏本身就已经少的可以忽略不计的环保法律；我们的“ 内政部” 小肚鸡肠地去干涉别国内政；而“ 商务部” 却拼命的在自由贸易中设置障碍；我们的“ 能源部” 成为了核武器交易的前沿阵地；而我们的“ 教育部” 也不在以教书育人为宗旨，把整个教育体系糟蹋的一塌糊涂。
还有很多的这个部那个部，也在干着和他们的使命背道而驰的勾当。
为此一切，我们这一代应给你们的不仅是道歉，还有解释。
可是这种解释你们会很难理解也难以接受，但我还是要大体上告诉你们发生了什么。
我现在正亲眼目睹着你们将要赖以生存的可怕世界的形成，这连我自己都不敢相信。
这一切只是因为人类非但不能思过赎罪，而是变本加厉，一意孤行，对自身的贪婪、愚昧、刚愎自用以及一切平庸和邪念视而不见。
两三千年以来的宗教已经告戒我们要检点一点，但是我们总是不能接受好言相劝。
在二十世纪后半叶出现的种种现象，绝不是因为新的恶魔出世，而是因为人们的好斗、心胸狭窄、以自我为中心，脾气暴躁并且难以相处这些老生常谈的人的本性。
而这些因为科技的存在而成倍地加害于你们。
我们不是给你们留下遗产，而是“ 贻害” 。
在你们出生前你们就已经受了很长时间难以忍受的委屈。
虽然难以启齿，但我还是不愿你们将我们这一代人认为是最坏的，最有破坏性的一代。
当然，你们不会理解问题的另一面，但确有问题的另一面。
身处 20 世纪 80 年代的我们可以预见所有这一切，而集体的和个人的原因却耗费了我们改变这个世界和留给子孙后代一个可居住的星球的最好也是最后的时光。
这些在你们看来也许不可思议，所以让我来告诉你们，其实哪怕再给我们（其实是你们）一点点希望，一点点机会，我们本可已为你们做些什么。
广岛事件以后，我们非常清楚，如果人类要生存，我们必须面对冲突做出选择，选择一个有创意的，有建设性的对话方式来解决人类不可调和的矛盾。
和平不是个意外，不是战争中的间歇；和平是努力奋斗的果实，是创造性的活动，是社会工作艺术，更是人类生存的必须。
要么学会和不同意见的人相处，要么大家一起同归于尽，核武器使我们别无选择。
为了人类整体的延续，我们必须摈弃文化上根深蒂固的偏见和伪装。
我们正在发现，比如，西方的技术至上不是人类谋生的唯一途径。
而且，试图以某一种人类文明的模式解决人类社会的种种难题显然不对头。
更何况这种模式本身还是摇摇欲坠，日末途穷。
我们也很清楚，人类已太长时间不把地球当回事了。
在这个拥挤不堪的地球上，形势每况愈下，而且在急剧恶化。
种种迹象表明，古老的地球已不再欢迎我们。
要想空气适于呼吸，草木继续生长，人类在共生物种的伴随下生活兴旺繁荣，那么我们就必须而且尽快地学会与地球合作，顺应自然，尊重生态规律，成为世间万物荣辱与共的伙伴。
这就意味着我们将不得不更少地依赖机械力量，而更多地依赖于人类与整个宇宙以及人们相互之间的和谐关系。
同时，我们也知道，人类文明虽然在技术上或美学上有很高的造诣，但极易受到自己垃圾的伤害。
雅典，中世纪的欧洲以及伊里莎白大英帝国都毁于因街道污水横流而发的瘟疫。
而我们的生化技术的破坏力远比偶然爆发的鼠疫要大的多。
不无理由，我们害怕垃圾会把我们毒死，埋葬，变成我们的坟堆。
更为重要的是，尽管我们做了上述一切，我想我们还是知道，生命可贵，它是礼物，是奇迹，我们应为它庆幸并把它更加充实地传给我们的后代。
尽管我们对它的认识不够及时，但我们明白，或好或歹，这个礼物在我们手里。
那么，我能告诉你们什么呢？我们这一代野蛮的智人（或者说现代狂人）正在忙着为现代智人（有着 6000 年经验可供鉴戒的智慧之人）书写墓志铭？人类前赴后继，历尽千难万险而追求到的美丽、智慧和尊严，将毁于仅仅一代人的无耻与疯狂？我不知道。
我当然希望不是。
但事与愿违，我的希望似乎有背于某种期望。
我希望我们这代人能够明辨是非，做出负责任的选择：共求生存代替兵刀相见，励精图治代替斩尽杀绝，生命代替死亡。
但愿我知道结果，但只有你们才会知道真相。
只有你们，我未曾谋面，未取名字的子孙们，有资格正确评价你们的父母，你们祖辈和他们亲手交给你们的这个世界以及留传给你们的生活。
至于我，只希望知道我们是否能给你们继续生存的权力。
不诚实的你们的先辈The Power of Habit 论习惯"Habit a second nature! Habit is ten times nature," the Duke of Wellington is said to have exclaimed; and the degree to which this is true no one can probably appreciate as well as one who is a veteran soldier himself. The daily drill and the years of discipline end by fashioning a man completely over again, as to most of the possibilities of his conduct.“习惯是第二天性！习惯是十倍的天性！”威灵顿公爵曾这样大声疾呼；对于这句话的真实理解程度，可能没有人能够像一个退伍老兵理解那么深刻。
每天的训练和常年累月的纪律，到头来把一个人大部分行为的可能性完全再塑造了一遍。
"There is a story, which is credible enough, though it may not be true, of a practical joker, who, seeing a discharged veteran carrying home his dinner, suddenly called out, 'Attention!' whereupon the man instantly brought his hands down, and lost his mutton and potatoes in the gutter. The drill had been thorough, and its effects had become embodied in the man's nervous structure."[16]“一个恶作剧者，讲过这样一个故事，尽管此故事可能不真实，但是颇具可信度。