英语专业四级阅读理解模拟题
英语四级长篇阅读模拟练习
英语四级长篇阅读模拟练习英语四级长篇阅读模拟练习：A: What do we mean by being talented or gifted? The most obvious way is to look at the work someone does and if they are capable of significant success, label them as talented. The purely quantitative route —percentage definition— looks not at individuals, but at simple percentages, such as the top five percent of the population, and labels them — by definition — as gifted. This definition has fallen from favor, eclipsed by the advent of IQ tests, favored by luminaries such as Professor Hans Eysenck, where a series of written or verbal tests of general intelligence leads to a score of intelligence.B: The IQ test has been eclipsed in turn. Most people studying intelligence and creativity in the new millennium now prefer a broader definition, using a multifaceted approach where talents in many areas are recognized rather than purely concentrating on academic achievement. If we are therefore assuming that talented, creative or gifted individuals may need to be assessed across a range of abilities, does this mean intelligence can run in families as genetic or inherited tendency? Mental dysfunction — such as schizophrenia — can, so is an efficient mental capacity passed on from parent to child?C: Animal experiments throw some light on this question, and on the whole area of whether it is genetics, the environment or a combinationof the two that allows for intelligence and creative ability. Different strains of rats show great differences in intelligence or rat reasoning. If these are brought up in normal conditions and then run through a maze to reach a food goal, the bright-strain make far fewer wrong turns that the dull-ones. But if the environment is made dull and boring the number of errors becomes equal. Return the rats to an exciting maze and the discrepancy returns as before — but is much smaller. In other words, a dull rat in a stimulating environment will almost do as well as bright rat who is bored in a normal one. This principle applies to humans too — someone may be born with innate intelligence, but their environment probably has the final say over whether they become creative or even a genius.D: Evidence now exists that most young children, if given enough opportunities and encouragement, are able to achieve significant and sustainable levels of academic or sporting prowess. Bright or creative children are often physically very active at the same time, and so many receive more parental attention as a result — almost by default — in order to ensure their safety. They may also talk earlier, and this, in turn, breeds parental interest. This can sometimes cause problems with other siblings who may feel jealous even though they themselves may be bright. Their creative talents may be undervalued and so never come to fruition. Two themes seem to run through famously creative families as a result. The first is that the parents were able to identify the talents of each child, and nurture and encourage these accordingly but in an even handed manner. Individual differences were encouraged, and friendly sibling rivalry was not seen as particular problem. If the father is, say, a famous actor, there is no undue pressure for his children to follow himonto the boards, but instead their chosen interests are encouraged. There need not even by any obvious talent in such a family since there always needs to be someone who sets the family career in motion, as in the case of the Sheen acting dynasty.E: Martin Sheen was the seventh of ten children born to a Spanish immigrant father and an Irish mother. Despite intense parental disapproval he turned his back on entrance exams to university and borrowed cash from a local priest to start a fledgling acting career. His acting successes in films such as Badlands and Apocalypse Now made him one of the most highly-regarded actors of the 1970s. Three sons — Emilio Estevez, Ramon Estevez and Charlie Sheen — have followed him into the profession as a consequence of being inspired by his motivation and enthusiasm.F: A stream seems to run through creative families. Such children are not necessarily smothered with love by their parents. They feel loved and wanted, and are secure in their home, but are often more surrounded by an atmosphere of work and where following a calling appears to be important. They may see from their parents that it takes time and dedication to be master of a craft, and so are in less of a hurry to achieve for themselves once they start to work.G: The generation of creativity is complex: it is a mixture of genetics, the environment, parental teaching and luck that determines how successful or talented family members are. This last point — luck — is often not mentioned where talent is concerned but plays an undoubted part. Mozart, considered by many to be the finest composer of all time, was lucky to be living in an age that encouraged the writing of music. He was broughtup surrounded by it, his father was a musician who encouraged him to the point of giving up his job to promote his child genius. Mozart himself simply wanted to create the finest music ever written but did not necessarily view himself as a genius — he could write sublime music at will, and so often preferred to lead a hedonistic lifestyle that he found more exciting than writing music to order.H: Albert Einstein and Bill Gates are two more examples of people whose talents have blossomed by virtue of the times they were living in. Einstein was a solitary, somewhat slow child who had affection at home but whose phenomenal intelligence emerged without any obvious parental input. This may have been partly due to the fact that at the start of the 20th century a lot of the Newtonian laws of physics were being questioned, leaving a fertile ground for ideas such as his to be developed. Bill Gates may have had the creative vision to develop Microsoft, but without the new computer age dawning at the same time he may never have achieved the position on the world stage he now occupies.1. We can label someone who are capable of significant success as talented.2. Most people studying intelligence and creativity in the new millennium now prefer a broader definition.3. Animal experiments are contributed to whether it is genetics, the environment or a combination of the two that allows for intelligence and creative ability.4. Bright or creative children are often physically very active at the same time.5. Children in creative families feel loved and wanted, and are secure in their home.6. The generation of creativity is not simple.7. Bill Gates is an example of people whose talents have blossomed by virtue of the times they were living in.8. Evidence shows that bright or creative children are often physically very active and thus receive more parentalattention to ensure their safety.9. Luck is often not mentioned but an undoubted part of a person how creative or talented.10. Albert Einsteins and Bill Gates significant success may be due to thetimes they were living in.1. A2. B3. C4. D5. F6. G7. H8. D9. G10.H英语四级长篇阅读模拟练习：Education Study Finds U. S. FallingBehindA Teachers in the United States earn less relative tonational income than their counterparts in many industrialized countries, yet they spend far more hours in front of the classroom, according to a major newinternational study.B The salary differentials are part of apattern of relatively low public investment in education in the United States compared with other member nationsof the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, a group in Paris that compiled thereport. Total government spending on educational institutions in the United Statesslipped to 4.8 percent of gross domestic product in 1998, falling under theinternational average — 5 percent — for the first time.C “The whole economy has grown faster thanthe education system,”Andreas Schleicher, one of the reports authors,explained. “The economy has done very well, but teachers have not fullybenefit.” The report, due out today, is the sixth on education published since1991 by the organization of 30 nations, founded in 1960, and now covering muchof Europe, North America, Japan, South Korea, Australia and New Zealand.D In addition to the teacher pay gap, thereport shows the other countries have begun to catch up with the United Statesin higher education: college enrollment has grown by 20 percent since 1995across the group, with one in four young people now earning degrees. For thefirst time, the United States college graduation rate, now at 33percent, is not the worldshighest. Finland,the Netherlands, New Zealand and Britain have surpassed it.E The United States is also producingfewer mathematics and science graduates than most of the other member states.And, the report says, a college degree produces a greater boost in income herewhile the lack of a high school diploma imposes a bigger income penalty. “The number of graduates is increasing, but that stimulates even more of a demand —there is no end in sight,” Mr. Schleicher said. “The demand for skill, clearly,is growing faster than the supply that is coming from schools and colleges.”F The report lists the salary for a highschool teacher in the United Stateswith 15 years experience as $36,219, above the international average of $31,887but behind seven other countries and less than 60 percent of Switzerlands$62,052. Because teachers in the Unites States have a heavier classroom load —teaching almost a third more hours than their counterparts abroad — theirsalary per hour of actual teaching is $35, less than the international averageof $41 (Denmark, Spain and Germany pay more than $50 per teaching hour, SouthKorea $77). In 1994, such a veteran teacher in the United States earned 1.2 times theaverage per capita income whereas in 1999 the salary was just under thenational average. Only the Czech Republic, Hungary,Iceland and Norway pay their teachers less relative tonational income; in South Korea, teachers theactual teaching salary earn 2.5 times the nationalaverage. Teacher pay accounts for 56 percent of what the United Statesspends on education, well below the 67 percent average among the group ofcountries.G The new data come as the United Statesfaces a shortage of two million teachers over the next decade, with questions oftraining, professionalism and salaries being debated by politicians local andnational. Joost Yff, an international expert at the American Association ofColleges of Teacher Education, said training for teachers is comparable amongmost of the nations in the study, and that they are all dealing with similarissues of raising standards and increasing professionalism.H Though the United States lags behind in scores on standardized tests in science and mathematics, students here get more instruction in those subjects, the report shows. The average 14-year-oldAmerican spent 295 hours in math and science classes in 1999, far more than the229 international average; only Austria(370 hours), Mexico (367)and New Zealand(320) have more instruction in those subjects. Middle-schoolers here spend less time thantheir international counterparts studying foreign languages and technology, butfar more hours working on physical education and vocational skills. High schoolstudents in the United Statesare far more likely to have part-time jobs: 64 percent of Americans ages 15 to19 worked while in school, compared with an international average of 31 percent(only Canada and the Netherlands, with 69 percent, and Denmark,with 75 percent, were higher).I One place the United States spends more money is on special services for the disabled and the poor. More than one infour children here are in programs based on income — only five other countriesserve even 1 in 10— and nearly 6 percent get additional resources based on physical or mental handicaps, twice or three times the rate in other countries.J The report shows a continuing shift inwhich the United Statesis losing its status as the most highly educated among the nations. The UnitedStates has the highest level of high school graduates ages 55 to 64, but fallsto fifth, behind Norway, Japan, South Korea, the Czech Republic andSwitzerland, among ages 25 to 34. Among college graduates, it leads in theolder generation but is third behind Canada and Japan in the younger cohort (一群). While the portion of Americans with high schooldiplomas remains at 88 percent across age groups, the average age among membercountries is rising. It has gone from 58 percent of those ages 45 to 54, to 66percent of those ages 35 to 44 and 72 percent of those ages 25 to 34. A higherpercentage of young people in Norway,Japan, South Korea, the CzechRepublic and Switzerland have degrees than in the United States.K “The U.S. has led the development incollege education and making education sort of accessible for everyone,” Mr.Schleicher said. “Its now becoming the norm.”1. Compared with their counterparts in many industrialized countries, the U.S. teachers work longer.2. The U.S. government spent 4.8% of its GDP on education in 1998.3. From the passage we learn about Finland surpassesthe U.S.in college graduation rate.4. When the number of graduates in the U.S.increases, the demand for them is rising.5. The new study shows that the actual teaching salary per hour in the U.S. is $35.6. In the report, the U.S.students study of science and mathematics get most instruction in those subjects in the OECD.7. Compared with those in other OECD countries, high school students in the U.S. spend more time in in physical education and vocational skills.8. It is for the special services for thedisabled and the poor that the United States pays more money than other OECD countries.9. Those who have high school diplomas in the U. S. account for 88percent ofthe Americans of all ages.10. According toMr. Schleicher, the U.S.is becoming the norm in making education accessible for everyone and collegeeducation.1.A2.B3.D4.E5.F6.H7.H8.I9.J10.K。
大学生英语专业四级阅读理解摸底练习
大学生英语专业四级阅读理解摸底练习Saying is one thing and doing another.以下是为大家搜索的大学生英语专业四级阅读理解摸底练习，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们!The simple act of surrendering a telephone number to a store clerk may not seem harmful--so much so that many consumers do it with no questions asked. Yet that one action can set in motion a cascade of silent events, asthat data point is acquired, analyzed, categorized, stored and sold over and over again. Future attacks on your privacy may e from anywhere, from anyone with money to purchase that phone number you surrendered. If you doubt the multiplier effect, consider your e-mail inbox. If it's loaded with spam, it's undoubtedly because at some point in time you unknowingly surrendered your e-mall to the wrong Web site.Do you think your telephone number or address is handled differently? A cottage industry of small panies with names you've probably never heard of--like Acxiom or Merlin--buy and sell your personal information the way other modities like corn or cattle futures are bartered. You may think your cell phone is unlisted, but if you've ever ordered a pizza, it might not be. Merlin is one of many mercial data brokers that advertises sale of unlisted phone numbers piled from various sources--including pizzadelivery panies. These unintended, unpredictable consequences that flow from simple actions make privacy issues difficult to grasp, and grapple with.In a larger sense, privacy also is often cast as a tale of "Big Brother"--the government is watching you or An big corporation is watching you. But privacy issues dont necessarily involve large faceless institutions: A spouse takes a casual glance at her husband's Blackberry, a co-worker looks at e-mall over your shoulder or a friend glances at a cell phone text message from the next seat on the bus. while very little of this is news to anyone--people are now well aware there are video cameras and Inter cookies everywhere--there is abundant evidence that people live their lives ignorant of the monitoring, assuming a mythical level of privacy. People write e-mails and type instant messages they never expect anyone to see. Just ask Mark Foley or even Bill Gates, whose e-mails were a cornerstone of the Justice Department's antitrust case against Microsoft.And polls and studies have repeatedly shown that Americans are indifferent to privacy concerns. The general defense for such indifference is summed up a single phrase: "I have nothing to hide." If you have nothing to hide, why shouldn't the government be able to peek at your phone records, your wife see your e-mail or a pany send you junkmail? It's a powerful argument, one that privacy advocates spend considerable time discussing and strategizing over.It is hard to deny, however, that people behave different when they're being watched. And it is also impossible to deny that Americans are now being watched more than at any time in history.1. In the first paragraph, the telephone number iscited to showA. many customers didn't keep their privacy confidential.B. it is harmful to give a store clerk a telephone number.C. careless disposal of personal information can be harmful.D. customers should inquire its use when giving telephone numbers to others.2. What do panies like Acxiom and Merlin do?A. Compile telephone directories for businessmen.B. Collect and sell personal information to make a profit.C. Trade modities like corn on the market.D. Crack down crimes like stealing private information.3. From Paragraph 3, we learn thatA. cases of privacy intrusion happen only in large institutions.B. people are quite aware of how their privacy is intruded.C. it is not privacy intrusion when a wife glances at her husband's cell phone.D. Bill Gates' email messages were cited as evidence against him.。
英语四级仔细阅读模拟试题带答案
英语四级仔细阅读模拟试题带答案导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《英语四级仔细阅读模拟试题带答案》的内容，具体内容：大学英语四级阅读理解试题是试卷中分值最重的题型，为了提高大家的阅读理解能力，下面是我为大家带来，希望对大家的学习有所帮助!英语四级仔细阅读模拟试题1：Educators...大学英语四级阅读理解试题是试卷中分值最重的题型，为了提高大家的阅读理解能力，下面是我为大家带来，希望对大家的学习有所帮助!英语四级仔细阅读模拟试题1：Educators today are more and more often heard to say that computer literacy is absolutely necessary for college students. Many even argue that each incoming freshman should have permanent access to his or hcr own microcomputer. What advantages do computers offer the college students?Any student who has used a word processor will know one compelling reason to use a computer: to write papers. Although not all students feel comfortable composing on a word processor, most find revising and editing much easier on it. One can alter, insert, or delete just by pressing a few keys, thus eliminating the need to rewrite or re-type. Furthermore, since the revision process is less burdensome, students are more likely to revise as often as is necessary to end up with the best paper possible. For these reasons, many freshmanEnglish courses require the use of a word processor.Computers are also useful in the context of language courses, where they are used to drill students in basic skills. Software programs reinforce ESL(English as a Second Language ) instruction, as well as instruction in French, German, Spanish, and other languages. By using these programs on a regular basis, students can improve their proficiency in a language while proceeding at their own pace.Science students take advantage of computers in many ways. Using computer graphic capabilities, for example, botany students can represent and analyze different plant growth patterns. Medical students can learn to interpret computerized images of internal body structures. Physics students can complete complex calculations far more quickly than they could without the use of computer.Similarly, business and accounting students find that computer spreadsheet programs are all but indispensable to many aspects of their work, while students pursuing careers in graphic arts. marketing, and public relations find that knowledge of computer graphic is important. Education majors learn to develop grading systems using computers, while social science students use computers for analyzing and graphically displacing their research results.It is no wonder, then, that educators support the purchase and use of microcomputers by students. A versatile tool, the computer can help students learn. And that is, after all, the reason for going to college.56. The word "literacy" (Line 1, Paragraph 1) means__________.A. the ability to read and writeB. the ability to useC. literatureD. the knowledge of language57. The main purpose of this passage is to __________.A. persuade the educators to increase computer use in their own classroomB. analyze advantages and disadvantages of computer use among college studentsC. identify some of the ways that computers benefit college studentsD. describe how computers can be used to teach foreign languages58. According to the author, a word processor can be used to __________.A. revise papersB. retype papersC. reduce the psychological burden of writing papersD. improve the writing skills of a student59. In this passage, the writers argument is developed primarily through the use of __________.A. cause-effect analysisB. comparison and contrastC. inductionD. examples60. According to the author, the reason for students to go to college is__________.A. to learn somethingB. to perfect themselvesC. to improve computer skillsD. to make the best use of computers英语四级仔细阅读模拟试题答案：56.B定位：根据题干信息可将答案直接定位到第一段第一句。
大学英语专业四级阅读理解模拟试题(含答案)(04)_共5页
PART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.TEXT ARacket, din clamor, noise, whatever you want to call it, unwanted sound is America's most widespread nuisance. But noise is more than just a nuisance. It constitutes a real and present danger to people's health. Day and night, at home, at work, and at play, noise can produce serious physical and psychological stress. No one is immune to this stress. Though we seem to adjust to noise by ignoring it, the ear, in fact, never closes and the body still responds—sometimes with extreme tension, as to a strange sound in the night.The annoyance we feel when faced with noise is the most common outward symptom of the stress building up inside us. Indeed, because irritability is so apparent, legislators have made public annoyance the basis of many noise abatement programs. The more subtle and more serious health hazards associated with stress caused by noise traditionally have been given much less attention. Nevertheless, when we are annoyed or made irritable by noise, we should consider these symptoms fair warning that other thing may be happening to us, some of which may be damaging to our health.Of many health hazards to noise, hearing loss is the most clearly observable and measurable by health professionals. The other hazards are harder to pin down. For many of us, there may be a risk that exposure to the stress of noise increases susceptibility to disease and infection. The more susceptible among us may experience noise as a complicating factor in heart problems and other diseases. Noise that causes annoyance and irritability in health persons may have serious consequences for these already ill in mind or body.Noise affects us throughout our lives. For example, there are indications of effects on the unborn child when mothers are exposed to industrial and environmental noise. During infancy and childhood, youngsters exposed to high noise levels may have trouble falling asleep and obtaining necessary amounts of rest.Why, then, is there not greater alarm about these dangers? Perhaps it is because the link between noise and many disabilities or diseases has not yet been conclusively demonstrated. Perhaps it is because we tend to dismiss annoyance as a price to pay for living in the modern world. It may also be because we still think of hearing loss as only an occupational hazard.1. In Paragraph 1, the phrase "immune to" are used to mean ___.A.unaffected byB.hurt byC.unlikely to be seen byD.unknown by2.3. The author's attitude toward noise would best be described as ___.A.unrealisticB.traditionalC.concernedD.hystericalWhich of the following best states the main idea of the passage?A.Noise is a major problem; most people recognize its importance.B.Although noise can be annoying, it is not a major problem.C.Noise is a major problem and has not yet been recognized as such.D.Noise is a major problem about which nothing can be done.4.5. The author condemns noise essentially because it ___.A.is against the lawB.can make some people irritableC.is a nuisanceD.in a ganger to people's healthThe author would probably consider research about the effects noise has on people to be ___.A.unimportantB.impossible.C.a waste of moneyD.essentialTEXT BWhat we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character ofher unborn child by studying poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem utterly impossible. How could such extremely complex influences pass from the mother to the child? There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. An emotional shock to the mother will affect her child, because it changes the activity of her glands and so the chemistry her blood. Any chemical change in the mother's blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we can not see how a looking for mathematics or poetic genius can be dissolved in blood and produce a similar liking or genius in the child.In our discussion of instincts we saw that there was reason to believe that whatever we inherit must be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior. It is certain that no one inherits a knowledge of mathematics. It may be, however, that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics, they will probably make a success of that study.As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician must execute, and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music, the child may become a musician. The same factors, in other circumstance might be organized about some other center of interest. The rich emotional equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surgery. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited, then nor even the love of it, but a certain bodily structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical knowledge and skill. Whether that ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forces in the environment in which a child grows up.6. Which of the following statements is not true?A. Some mothers try to influence their unborn children by studying art and other subjects during theirpregnancy.B. It is utterly impossible for us to learn anything about prenatal development.C. The blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly.D. There are no connection between mother's nervous systems and her unborn child's.A mother will affect her unborn baby on the condition that ____.A. she is emotionally shocked7.B.she has a good knowledge of inheritanceC. she takes part in all kind of activitiesD. she sticks to studying8.9. According to the passage, a child may inherit____.A. everything from his motherB. a knowledge of mathematicsC. a rather general ability that we call intelligenceD. her mother's musical abilityIf a child inherits something from his mother, such as an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or of the vocal organs, he will ____.A. surely become musicianB. mostly become a poetC. possibly become a teacherD. become a musician on the condition that all these factors are organized around music10. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Role of Inheritance.B. An Unborn Child.C. Function of instincts.D. Inherited Talents.TEXT CThere are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably , some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual— the sort of environment in which he is brought up. If an individual is handicapped(不利) environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster(抚养) homes. Peter was raised by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Mark's I. Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level.11. This selection can best be titled____________.A. Measuring Your IntelligenceB. Intelligence and EnvironmentC. The Case of Peter and MarkD. How the Brain Influences Intelligence12.13. The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that _______.A. human brains differ considerablyB. the brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligenceC. environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligenceD. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence According to the passage, the average I. Q. is_______.A. 85 .B. 100C. 110D. 12514. The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that_______.A. individuals with identical brains seldom test at the same levelB. an individual's intelligence is determined only by his environmentC. lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenceD. changes of environment produce changes in the structure of the brain15. This passage suggests that an individual's I. Q. _______.A. can be predicted at birthB. stays the same throughout his lifeC. can be increased by educationD. is determined by his childhoodTEXT DPersonality is，to large extent, inherent --A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is improtant to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor lives of their children.One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the "win at all costs" moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences:remember that Pheidippides ,the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying:"Rejoice, we conquer!".By far the worst form of competition in school is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations . It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well.The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into 'B's. The would needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child's personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.16. According to the author, what factors contribute to the building of personality?A. inheritanceb. inheritance, competition and environmentc. competitiond. environment17. Which of the following statements is not true according to the author of the passage?A.Schools usually adopt severe competitive policies.B. Students are often divided by competition results.C. School is place where children cultivate their characteristics.D. The stronger desire for winning, the better.18. The phrase "soak up" is closest in meaning to ____.A. pull upb. take upc. take ind. pull in19. What attitude does the author hold toward examinations in schools?A. positiveb. negativec. doubtfuld. neutral20. what suggestion does the author make concerning the management of schools?A. All students be made into competitive A types.B. A child's personality be considered in regard to his possible future job.C. All students be changed into B characteristics.D. Schools abolish all forms of examinations.答案：1-5 ACCDD 6-10 BACDA 11-15 B C B C C 16-20 BDCCB。
专业英语四级(阅读)模拟试卷56(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷56(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 5. READING COMPREHENSIONPART V READING COMPREHENSION (25 MIN)Directions: In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Climbing to the top of my nearest hill in San Francisco, my purpose is not to enjoy the view but to experience a bit of fresh air and nature. Some birds dwell in these urban islands of trees, bushes and soil. So few people are there, but they are happy, relaxed and friendly(unless insane and out to rob). I find the view of San Francisco Bay and the metropolis most disturbing, seeing in all directions the industrial activity and oil-fueled trade of questionable imported products. Massive port facilities dwarf the human scale of sustainable import/export. A very small number of sailboats for pleasure can’t quite offer a vision of renewable-energy travel and exchange. Passenger planes take off, military jets show off their ear-splitting capabilities, all against the backdrop of polluted air that is warming in general thanks to commercial activity and the mindless consumption by the individual. The hills are full of roads and energy-wasting houses. It’s not like this everywhere; the hills around Kyoto are pitch black at night, for they consist of forest, trails and small, outdoor temples. Seven million people surround me in this metropolitan area. Those among them who really care whether Barry Bonds used steroids to hit baseballs, or what pregnant celebrity has checked into a drug rehabilitation facility, are not likely to be trying to live lightly on the planet. Normal citizens under the spell of mass media want to consume, and be given answers and easy fixes. They may get what they want tonight, and again, and again, but it will come to an abrupt end, and will people pick up a shovel to plant food or pick up the gun to take others’ food? That depends on the area affected, the culture(urban U.S. or otherwise), and population size. Why should I be disturbed by what I see now, when all is basically calm? Or feel uneasy as I stroll about in the safety of my comfortable home? Is not San Francisco and the surrounding area a great city, with many wonderful people and activities to appreciate? What about the noble struggles of valiant, compromised hard-working people, or the dysfunctional and disabled folk who are really kind? The social injustice that is still pervasive, in our boastful age of scientific and technological power, is outrageous and occupies many of the best hearts and minds in the world who live in our very midst. Much of what ails people, it is thought, is that they do not have enough cheap, affordable energy or material things that are supposed to both satisfy and uplift. More public funds for health care, through an end to costly, imperialist wars, would be the ticket to a healthy society, in the eyes of more and more. Except, that selfless aspiration is becoming clouded with the uncertainty and fright growing around ourawakening to climate change. In the buzzing Bay Area and every other large and small city, we are behaving as if there is no threat to the climate and thus our future survival as a species. Just looking around at the unceasing traffic, it is clear that basic, radical but easy solutions are being kept on the shelf or buried. Tiny changes, usually just initiatives that don’t threaten the current life style(e.g., different engines), are called “green”. Green this and green that. But the big “greening”will be the rediscovery of community and working with others as if our survival depends on our collaboration as equals. Our bosses and political leaders have been as useful in the needed transition as—to borrow an expression from my late father—tits on a bull.1．What do the “few people” do on top of the hill?A．They are the rich residents of the city.B．They are there to enjoy the natural beauty.C．They are attracted by the view of San Francisco Bay.D．They attack the tourists and rob them.正确答案：B解析：根据第1段第3句的happy，relaxed and friendly及第1、2句的内容可以推断这些few people和作者一样上山是为了呼吸新鲜空气和亲近自然的，由此看来，B与原文内容最接近，选B。
英语专业四级阅读理解考试题及答案解析
英语专业四级阅读理解考试题及答案解析英语专业四级阅读理解考试题及答案解析韩愈说过这样一句话："业精于勤荒于嬉，行成于思毁于随";";。
天才就是无止境刻苦勤奋的努力。
成绩优与良;才思浓与淡，都是由勤奋注定的`。
以下是小编为大家搜索整理的英语专业四级阅读理解考试题及答案解析，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生考试网!As the merchant class expanded in the eighteenth?century North American Colonies, the silversmithand the coppersmith businesses rose to serve it.Only a few silversmiths were available in New Yorkor Boston in the late seventeenth century, but in theeighteenth century they could be found in all majorcolonial cities. No other colonial artisans rivaled thesilversmiths’ prestige. They handled the mostexpensive materials and possessed direct connections to prosperous colonial merchants. Theirproducts, primarily silver plates and bowls, reflected their exalted status and testified to theircustomers’ prominence. Silver stood as one of the surest ways to store wealth at a time beforeneighborhood banks existed. Unlike the silver coins from which they were made, silver articleswere readily identifiable. Often formed to individual specifications, they always carried thesilversmith’s distinctive markings and consequently could be traced and retrieved.Customers generally secure the silver for the silver object they ordered. They saved coins, tookthem to smiths, and discussed the type of pieces they desired. Silversmiths complied with theserequests by melting the money in a small furnace, adding a bit of copper to form a strongeralloy, and casting the alloy in rectangular blocks. They hammered these ingots to theappropriate thickness by hand, shaped them and pressed designs into them for adornment.Engraving was also done by hand. In addition to plates and bowls, some customers soughtmore intricate products, such as silver teapots. These were made by shaping or casting partsseparately and then soldering them together. Colonial coppersmithing also come of age in theearly eighteenth century and prospered in northern cities. Copper’s ability to conduct heatefficiently and to resist corrosion contributed to its attractiveness. But because it wasexpensive in colonial America, coppersmiths were never very numerous. Virtually all copperworked by Smiths was imported as sheets or obtained by recycling old copper goods. Copperwas used for practical items, but it was not admired for its beauty. Coppersmiths employed it tofashion pots and kettles for the home. They shaped it in much the same manner as silver ormelted it in a foundry with lead or tin. They also mixed it with zinc to make brass for maritimeand scientific instruments.?1、According to the passage, which of the following eighteenth century developments had strongimpact on silversmithsA. A decrease in the cost of silver.B. The invention of heat efficient furnaces.C. The growing economic prosperity of colonial merchants.D. The development of new tools used to shape silver.2.In colonial America, where did silversmiths usually obtain the material to make silver articles? ?A. From their own mines.B. From importers.C. From other silversmiths.D. From customers.3.The passage mentions all of the following as uses for copper in Colonial America EXCEPT ______A. cooking potsB. scientific instrumentsC. musical instrumentsD. maritime instruments4.According to the passage, silversmiths and coppersmiths in colonial America were similar inwhich of the following waysA. The amount of social prestige they had.B. The way they shaped the metal they worked with. ?C. The cost of the goods they made.D. The practicality of the goods they made.参考答案：1. C) 根据文章第一句"As the merchant classexpanded in the eighteenth?century North AmericanColonies,...";可知，随着在十八世纪的北美殖民地商人阶级膨胀起来，也就是说那时的商人财富有了很大的发展，银匠铜匠们有机会发挥他们的专长了，这与选项C正好相符。
(完整版)英语专业四级阅读理解模拟题(可编辑修改word版)
英语专业四级阅读理解模拟题A simple piece of rope hangs between some environmentally friendly Americans and their neighbors. On one side stand those who have begun to see clothes dryers as wasteful consumers of energy (up to 6% of total electricity) and powerful emitters of carbon dioxide (up to a ton of CO2 per household every year). As an alternative, they are turning to clotheslines as part of what Alexander Lee, an environmentalist, calls "what-I-can- do environmentalism."But on the other side are people who oppose air-drying laundry outside on aesthetic grounds. Increasingly, they have persuaded community and homeowners associations(HOAs) across the U.S. to ban outdoor clotheslines, which they say not only look unsightly but also lower surrounding property values. Those actions, in turn, have sparked a right-to-dry movement that is pressing for legislation to protect the choice to use clotheslines. Only three states--Florida, Hawaii and Utah--have laws written broadly enough to protect clotheslines. Right-to-dry advocates argue that there should be more.Matt Reck is the kind of eco-conscious guy who feeds his trees with bathwater and recycles condensation drops from his air conditioners to water plants. His family also uses a clothesline. But Otto Hagen, president of Reck's HOA in Wake Forest, N.C., notified him that a neighbor h, ad complained about his line. The Recks ignored the warning and still dry their clothes on a rope in the yard. "Many people claim to be environmentally friendly but don't take matters into their own hands," says Reck. HOAs Hagen has decided to hold off taking action. "I'm not going to go crazy," he says. "But if Matt keeps his line and more neighbors complain, I'll have to address it again."North Carolina lawmakers tried and failed earlier this year to insert language into an energy bill that would expressly prevent HOAs from regulating clotheslines. But the issue remains a touchy one with HOAs and real estate agents. "Most aesthetic restrictions are rooted, to a degree, in the belief that homogenous (统一协调的) exteriors are supportive of property value," says Sara Stubbins, executive director of the Community Association Institute's North Carolina chapter. In other words, associations worry that housing prices will fall if prospective buyers think their would-be neighbors are too poor to afford dryers.Alexander Lee dismisses the notion that clotheslines devalue property assets, advocating that the idea "needs to change in light of global warming." "We all have to do at least something to decrease our carbon footprint," Alexander Lee says.1.What is NOT mentioned as a disadvantage of using clothes dryers?A.Electricity consumption.B.Air pollution.C.Waste of energy.D.Ugly looking.2.Which of the following is INCORRECT?A.Opposers think air-drying laundry would devalue surrounding assets.B.Opposers consider the outdoor clothesline as an eyesore to the scenery.C.Right-to-dry movements led to the pass of written laws to protect clotheslines.D.Most of states in the US have no written laws to protect clotheslines.3.What is the HOAs' attitude towards the regulation of outdoor clotheslines?A.Concerned.B.Impartial.C.Supportive.D.Unclear.4.In the last paragraph Alexander Lee recommends thatA.clotheslines should be banned in the community.B.clotheslines wouldn't lessen the property values.C.the globe would become warmer and warmer.D.we should protect the environment in the community.5.An appropriate title for the passage might beA.Opinions on Environmental Protection.B.Opinions on Air-drying Laundry.C.What-I-Can-Do Environmentalism.D.Restrictions on Clotheslines.参考答案与解析：文章概要：本文探讨是否该用晾衣绳在室外晾晒衣服。
大学英语专业四级阅读理解模拟试题(含答案)(05)
PART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.TEXT AA study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general history classes. Most typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics, and war. But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions, and psychology. In addition, information about the daily activities of our ancestors—or of people very different from our own—can be provided by art. In short, art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place, and a study of it clearly offer us a deeper understanding than can be found in most history books.In history books, objective information about the political life of a country is presented; that is, facts about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective: it reflects emotions and opinions. The great Spanish painter Francisco Goya was perhaps the first truly “political”artist. In his well-known painting The Third of May 1808, he criticized the Spanish government for its misuse of power over people. Over a hundred years later, symbolic images were used in Pablo Picasso’s Guernica to express the horror of war. Meanwhile, on another continent, the powerful paintings of Diego Rivera, Jose Clemente Orozco, and David Alfaro Siqueiros—as well as the works of Alfredo Ramos Martines—depicted these Mexican artists’deep anger and sadness about social problems.In the same way, art can reflect a culture’s religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art was almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that depicted people and stories from the Bible. Although most people couldn’t read, they could still understand biblical stories in the pictures on church walls. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was (and still is) its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic belief that statues are unholy.1.More can be learned about a culture from a study of art history than general history because art history__.A.show us the religious and emotions of a people in addition to political values.B.provide us with information about the daily activities of people in the past.C.give us an insight into the essential qualities of a time and a place.D.all of the above.2.Art is subjective in that__.A.a personal and emotional view of history is presented through it.B.it can easily rouse our anger or sadness about social problems.C.it will find a ready echo in our hearts.D.both B and C.3.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A.Unlike Francisco Goya, Pablo and several Mexican artists expressed their political opinions in theirpaintings.B.History books often reveal the compilers’political views.C.Religious art remained in Europe for centuries the only type of art because most people regarded the Bibleas the Holy Book.D.All the above mentioned.4.The passage is mainly discussing__.A.the difference between general history and art history.B.The making of art history.C.What can we learn from art.D.The influence of artists on art history.5.In may be concluded from this passage that__.A.Islamic artists have had to create architectural decorations with images of flowers or geometric forms.B.History teachers are more objective than general history.C.It is more difficult to study art history than general history.D.People and stories from the Bible were painted on churches and other buildings in order to popularize theBible.TEXT BAs we know, it is very important that a firm should pay attention to the training of its staff as there exist many weak parts in its various departments. Staff training must have a purpose, which is defined when a firm considers its training needs, which are in turn based on job descriptions and job specifications.A job description should give details of the performance that is required for a particular job, and a job specification should give information about the behavior, knowledge and skills that are expected of an employee who works in it. When all of this has been collected, it is possible to make a training specification. This specifies what the Training Department must teach for the successful performance of the job, and also the best methods to use in the training period.There are many different training methods, and there are advantages and disadvantages of all of them. Successful training programmes depend on an understanding of the difference between learning about skills and training in using them. It is frequently said that learning about skills takes place "off the job" in the classroom, but training in using these skills takes place "on the job", by means of such activities as practice in the workshop.It is always difficult to evaluate the costs and savings of a training programme. The success of such a programme depends not only on the methods used but also on the quality of the staff who do the training. A company can often check oh savings in time and cost by examining the work performed by the workers and technicians who have completed a training programme. The evaluation of management training is much more complex than that.6.To be successful in our training programmes, we must understand the difference between______.A. a job description and a job specificationB. what is taught and how it is taughtC. learning about skills and training in using themD. the savings in time and the savings in cost7.The success of a training programme depends on_________.A. the places where the training takes placeB. the correct evaluation of the costs and savings of the programmeC. the performance of the workers and technicians trained in the programmeD. the training methods and the quality of the training staff8. A training specification specifies_______.A. the performance required for a certain jobB. the behavior, knowledge, and skills expected of an employeeC. the training contents and methodsD. the costs and savings of the programme9.According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?A. As there exist weak parts in different departments of a firm, the training of its staff is highly necessary.B A training specification is based on the information collected from a job description and a job specification.C. Training in using skills and learning about skills usually do not happen at the same place.D. It is easier to evaluate management training than to evaluate the training of workers and technicians.10.The best title for this passage might be_______.A A Successful Training ProgrammeB. How to Describe and Specify a JobC. Staff TrainingD. The Importance of Training Workers and TechniciansTEXT CRecent research has claimed that an excess of positive ions in the air can have an ill effect on people’s physical or psychological health. What are positive ions? Well, the air is full of ions, electrically charged particles, and generally there is a rough balance between the positive and the negative charged. But sometimes this balance becomes disturbed and a larger proportion of positive ions are found. This happens naturally before thunderstorm, earthquakes when winds such as the Mistral, Hamsin or Sharav are blowing in certain countries. Or it can be caused by a build-up of static electricity indoors from carpets or clothing made of man-made fibres, or from TV sets, duplicators or computer display screens.When a large number of positive ions are present in the air many people experience unpleasant effects such as headaches, fatigue, irritability, and some particularly sensitive people suffer nausea or even mental disturbance. Animals are also affected, particularly before earthquakes, snakes have been observed to come out of hibernation, rats to flee from their burrows, dogs howl and cats jump about unaccountably. This has led the US Geographical Survey to fund a network of volunteers to watch animals in an effort to foresee such disasters before they hit vulnerable areas such as California.Conversely, when large numbers of negative ions are present, then people have a feeling of well-being. Natural conditions that produce these large amounts are near the sea, close to waterfalls or fountains, or in any place where water is sprayed, or forms a spray. This probably accounts for the beneficial effect of a holiday by the sea, or in the mountains with tumbling streams or waterfalls.To increase the supply of negative ions indoors, some scientists recommend the use of ionisers: small portable machines, which generate negative ions. They claim that ionisers not only clean and refresh the air but also improve the health of people sensitive to excess positive ions. Of course, there are the detractors, other scientists, who dismiss such claims and are skeptical about negative/positive ion research. Therefore people can only make up their own minds by observing the effects on themselves, or on others, of a negative rich or poor environment. After all it is debatable whether depending on seismic readings to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than watching the cat.1.What effect does exceeding positive ionization have on some people?A.They think they are insane.B.They feel rather bad-tempered and short-fussed.C.They become violently sick.D.They are too tired to do anything.2.In accordance with the passage, static electricity can be caused by___.ing home-made electrical goods.B.wearing clothes made of natural materials.C.walking on artificial floor coverings.D.copying TV programs on a computer.3.A high negative ion count is likely to be found___.A.near a pound with a water pump.B.close to a slow-flowing river.C.high in some barren mountains.D.by a rotating water sprinkler.4.What kind of machine can generate negative ions indoors?A.Ionisers.B.Air-conditioners.C.Exhaust-fansD.Vacuum pumps.5.Some scientists believe that___.A.watching animals to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than depending on seismography.B.the unusual behavior of animals cannot be trusted.C.neither watching nor using seismographs is reliable.TEXT DPersonality is，to large extent, inherent --A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is improtant to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor lives of their children.One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the "win at all costs" moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences:remember that Pheidippides ,the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying:"Rejoice, we conquer!".By far the worst form of competition in school is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations . It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well.The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into 'B's. The would needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child's personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.11.According to the author, what factors contribute to the building of personality?A. inheritanceb. inheritance, competition and environmentc. competitiond. environment12.Which of the following statements is not true according to the author of the passage?A.Schools usually adopt severe competitive policies.B. Students are often divided by competition results.C. School is place where children cultivate their characteristics.D. The stronger desire for winning, the better.13.The phrase "soak up" is closest in meaning to ____.A. pull upb. take upc. take ind. pull in14.What attitude does the author hold toward examinations in schools?A. positiveb. negativec. doubtfuld. neutral15.what suggestion does the author make concerning the management of schools?A. All students be made into competitive A types.B. A child's personality be considered in regard to his possible future job.C. All students be changed into B characteristics.D. Schools abolish all forms of examinations.参考答案：答案：1-5DDDCA6-10 CDCDC 11-15 BCDAA 16-20 BDCCB。
英语专业四级考试阅读理解题库
英语专业四级考试阅读理解题库题库概述本题库针对英语专业四级考试阅读理解部分，共包含10篇文章，每篇文章设有5道题目。
题目类型包括事实细节题、推理判断题、主旨大意题和词义猜测题。
本题库旨在帮助考生熟悉考试题型，提高阅读理解能力。
题库内容文章1：Passage：Questions：1. What is the main idea of the passage?B. The Internet brings both benefits and challenges.C. The Internet causes information overload and privacy issues.D. We should reduce our reliance on the Internet.2. According to the passage, what is one of the challenges brought by the Internet?B. Information overload.C. Online privacy issues.D. Entertainment addiction.3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?B. The Internet provides various forms of entertainment.C. Information overload makes it difficult to find useful information.D. The Internet has no influence on our daily life.文章2：Passage：Questions：1. What is the main topic of the passage?A. Global warming.B. Carbon emissions.C. Renewable energy.D. International cooperation.2. According to the passage, what is one of the main causes of global warming?A. Deforestation.B. Carbon emissions.C. Solar power generation.D. Wind power generation.3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. Global warming is a serious problem.C. Renewable energy sources are important for achieving the goal of reducing carbon emissions.D. Solar power is the only solution to global warming.文章3：Passage：In recent years, the sharing economy has gained popularity. Services such as ride-sharing and home-sharing have made it easier for people to access goods and services on-demand. However, the sharing economy also raises concerns about regulation and safety.Questions：1. What is the main idea of the passage?B. The sharing economy brings regulation and safety concerns.C. The sharing economy is the future of business.D. Regulations should be implemented to control the sharing economy.2. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. The sharing economy has no impact on the traditional economy.B. Ride-sharing services have made transportation more convenient.C. The sharing economy is only popular in developed countries.D. Safety concerns are the main reason for the regulation of the sharing economy.3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. The sharing economy has gained popularity in recent years.B. Home-sharing services have made it easier to find affordable housing.C. The sharing economy raises concerns about regulation and safety.D. The sharing economy is not a threat to traditional businesses.文章4：Passage：Virtual reality (VR) is an emerging technology that has the potential to revolutionize various industries, including gaming, education, and healthcare. VR technology creates immersive experiences that can help solve real-world problems and improve people's lives.Questions：1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. VR technology is an emerging technology.B. VR technology has the potential to revolutionize various industries.C. VR technology is already widely used in healthcare.D. VR technology is a threat to traditional education.2. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. VR technology is only used in gaming.B. VR technology creates immersive experiences.C. VR technology is only used in developed countries.D. VR technology has no real-world applications.3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. VR technology can help solve real-world problems.B. VR technology can improve people's lives.C. VR technology has the potential to revolutionize various industries.D. VR technology is only used in the gaming industry.文章5：Passage：A study conducted by researchers at Oxford University found that regular exercise can improve cognitive function in older adults. The study involved a group of participants aged 65 to 75 years old, who were assigned to either an exercise group or a control group. The exercise group engaged in moderate-intensity aerobic exercises for 30 minutes, three times a week, for a period of 12 weeks.Questions：1. What was the main objective of the study conducted by Oxford University researchers?A. To investigate the effect of regular exercise on cognitive function in older adults.B. To determine the best exercise routine for improving cognitive function.D. To identify the cause of cognitive decline in older adults.2. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. The study involved participants aged 55 to 65 years old.B. The exercise group engaged in high-intensity aerobic exercises.C. The study lasted for a period of 8 weeks.D. The participants in the control group did not engage in any physical activity.3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. The study was conducted by researchers at Oxford University.B. Regular exercise can improve cognitive function in older adults.C. The study involved a group of participants aged 65 to 75 years old.D. The exercise group engaged in moderate-intensity aerobic exercises for 30 minutes, three times a。
专业英语四级阅读理解分类模拟426
专业英语四级阅读理解分类模拟426READING COMPREHENSIONSection A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Passage One(1) The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before. He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.(2) For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world—humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might—he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before. There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility (文雅) of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention. Also, and this was considerably different from the Clyde who had crept away from Kansas City in a box car, he had much more of an air of caution and reserve.(3) For ever since he had fled from Kansas City, and by one humble device and another forced to make his way, he had been coming to the conclusion that on himself alone depended his future. His family, as he now definitely sensed, could do nothing for him. They were too impractical and too poor —his mother, father, Esta, all of them.(4) At the same time, in spite of all their difficulties, he could not now help but feel drawn to them, his mother in particular, and the old home life that had surrounded him as a boy—his brother and sisters, Esta included, since she, too, as he now saw it, had been brought no lower than he by circumstances over which she probably had no more control. And often, his thoughts and mood had gone back with a definite and disconcerting pang (一阵剧痛) because of the way in which he hadtreated his mother as well as the way in which his career in Kansas City had been suddenly interrupted —his loss of Hortense Briggs—a severe blow; the troubles that had come to him since; the trouble that must have come to his mother and Esta because of him.(5) On reaching St. Louis two days later after his flight, and after having been most painfully bundled out (赶，匆忙打发) into the snow a hundred miles from Kansas City in the gray of a winter morning, and at the same time relieved of his watch and overcoat by two brakemen who had found him hiding in the car, he had picked up a Kansas City paper—The Star—only to realize that his worst fear in regard to all that had occurred had come true. For there, under a two-column head, and with fully a column and a half of reading matter below, was the full story of all that had happened: a little girl, the eleven-year-old daughter of a well-to-do (小康的) Kansas City family, knocked down and almost instantly killed—she had died an hour later; Sparser and Miss Sipe in a hospital and under arrest at the same time, guarded by a policeman sitting in the hospital awaiting their recovery; a splendid car very seriously damaged; Sparser's father, in the absence of the owner of the car for whom he worked, at once incensed (激怒) and made terribly unhappy by the folly and seeming criminality (犯罪行为) and recklessness of his son.(6) But what was worse, the unfortunate Sparser had already been charged with larceny (盗窃) and homicide (杀人), and wishing, no doubt, to minimize his own share in this grave catastrophe, had not only revealed the names of all who were with him in the car—the youths in particular and their hotel address—but had charged that they along with him were equally guilty, since they had urged him to make speed at the time and against his will—a claim which was true enough, as Clyde knew. And Mr. Squires, on being interviewed at the hotel, had furnished the police and the newspapers with the names of their parents and their home addresses.(7) This last was the sharpest blow of all. For there followed disturbing pictures of how their respective parents or relatives had taken it on being informed of their sins.(本文选自An American Tragedy)Passage Two(1) More and more of the world is working in English. Multinational companies (even those based in places such as Switzerland or Japan) are making it their corporate language. And international bodies like the European Union and the United Nations are doing an ever-greater share of business in the world's new default language. At the office, it's English's world, and every other language is just living in it.(2) Is this to the English-speaker's advantage? Working in a foreign language is certainly hard. It is easier to argue fluently or to make a point subtly when not trying to call up rarely used vocabulary or construct sentences correctly. English-speakers can try to bulldoze opposing arguments through sheer verbiage (冗词), hold the floor to prevent anyone else from getting a word in or lighten the mood with a joke. All of these things are far harder in a foreign language. Non-natives have not one hand, but perhaps a bit of their brains, tied behind their backs. A recent column by Michael Skapinker in the Financial Times says that it's important for native English-speakers to learn the skills of talking with non-natives successfully.(3) But, as Mr Skapinker notes, there are advantages to being a non-native, too. These are subtler—but far from trivial. Non-native speakers may not be able to show off their brilliance easily. It can be an advantage to have your cleverness highly rated, and this is the luck of verbally fluent people around the world. But it is quite often the other way round: it can be a boon to be thought a little dimmer than you really are, giving the element of surprise in a negotiation. And, as an American professor in France tells Johnson, coming from another culture—not just another language—allows people to notice stumbling blocks and habits of thinking shared by the rest of the natives, and guide a meeting past them. Such heterodox (非正统的) thinking can be wrapped in a bit of disingenuous cluelessness: "I'm not sure how things work here, but I was thinking..."(4) People working in a language not their own report other perks. Asking for a clarification can buy valuable time or be a useful distraction, says a Russian working at The Economist. Speaking slowly allows a non-native to choose just the right word—something most people don't do when they are excited and emotional. There is a lot to be said for thinking faster than you can speak, rather than the other way round.(5) Most intriguingly, there may be a feedback loop (反馈回路) from speech back into thought. Ingenious researchers have found that sometimes decision-making in a foreign language is actually better. Researchers at the University of Chicago gave subjects a test with certain traps—easy-looking "right" answers that turned out to be wrong. Those taking it in a second language were more likely to avoid the trap and choose the right answer. Fluid thinking, in other words, has its downside, and deliberateness (审慎) an advantage. And one of the same researchers found that even in moral decision-making—such as whether it would be acceptable to kill someone with your own hands to save a larger number of lives—people thought in a more utilitarian (功利的), less emotional way when tested in a foreign language. An American working in Denmark says he insisted on having salary。
专业英语四级阅读理解分类模拟418
专业英语四级阅读理解分类模拟418专业英语四级阅读理解分类模拟418READING COMPREHENSIONSection A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Passage One(1) A few months ago I was nominated for Governor of the great State of New York, to run against Mr. John T. Smith and Mr. Blank J. Blank on an independent ticket. I somehow felt that I had one prominent advantage over these gentlemen, and that was—good character. It was easy to see by the newspapers that if ever they had known what it was to bear a good name, that time had gone by. It was plain that in these latter years they had become familiar with all manner of shameful crimes. But at the very moment that I was exalting my advantage and joying in it in secret, there was a muddy undercurrent of discomfort "riling" the deeps of my happiness—and that was the having to hear my name bandied about in familiar connection with those of such people.(2) But, after all, I could not recede. I was fully committed, and must go on with the fight. As I was looking listlessly over the papers at breakfast I came across this paragraph, and I may truly say I never was so confounded before:(3) PERJURY. —Perhaps, now that Mr. Mark Twain is before the people as a candidate for Governor, he will condescend toexplain how he came to be convicted of perjury by thirty-four witnesses in Wakawak, Cochin China, in 1863, the intent of which perjury being to rob a poor native widow and her helpless family of a meager plantain-patch, their only stay and support in their bereavement and desolation. Mr. Twain owes it to himself, as well as to the great people whose suffrages he asks, to clear this matter up. Will he do it?(4) I thought I should burst with amazement! Such a cruel, heartless charge! I never had seen Cochin China! I never had heard of Wakawak! I didn't know a plantain-patch from a kangaroo! I did not know what to do. I was crazed and helpless.I let the day slip away without doing anything at all.(5) [Mem. —During the rest of the campaign this paper never referred to me in any other way thanas "the infamous perjurer Twain."](6) Next came the Gazette, with this:(7) WANTED TO KNOW. —Will the new candidate for Governor deign to explain to certain of his fellow-citizens (who are suffering to vote for him!) the little circumstance of his cabin-mates in Montana losing small valuables from time to time, until at last, these things having been invariably found on Mr. Twain's person or in his "trunk" (newspaper he rolled his traps in), they felt compelled to give him a friendly admonition for his own good, and so tarred and feathered him, and rode him on a rail; and then advised him to leave a permanent vacuum in the place he usually occupied in the camp. Will he do this?(8) Could anything be more deliberately malicious than that? For I never was in Montana in my life.(9) I After this, this journal customarily spoke of me as, "Twain, the Montana Thief."(10) I got to picking up papers apprehensively—much as one would lift a desired blanket which he had some idea might havea rattlesnake under it.(11) By this time anonymous letters were getting to be an important part of my mail matter. This form was common:(12) How about that old woman you kiked of your premises which was begging. POL. PRY.(13) Shortly the principal Republican journal "convicted" me of wholesale bribery, and the leading Democratic paper "nailed" an aggravated case of blackmailing to me.(14) [In this way I acquired two additional names: "Twain the Filthy Corruptionist" and "Twain the Loathsome Embracer."](15) There was no possible way of getting out of it, and so, in deep humiliation, I set about preparing to "answer" a mass of baseless charges and mean and wicked falsehoods. But I never finished the task, for the very next morning a paper came out with a new horror, a fresh malignity and seriously charged me with burning a lunatic asylum with all its inmates, because it obstructed the view from my house. This threw me into a sort of panic. And at last, as a due and fitting climax to the shameless persecution that party rancor had inflicted upon me, nine little toddling children, of all shades of color and degrees of raggedness, were taught to rush onto the platform at a public meeting, and clasp me around the legs and call me PA!(16) I gave up. I hauled down my colors and surrendered. I was not equal to the requirements of a Gubernatorial campaign in the State of New York, and so I sent in my withdrawal from the candidacy, and in bitterness of spirit signed it, "Truly yours," once a decent man, but now "MARK TWAIN, I. P., M.T., B. S., D.T., F.C., and L. E."(本文改编自Running For Governor)Passage Two(1) Most adults in the U. S. who screen positive for depression are not being treated for depression, according to results from Medical Expenditure Panel Surveys (MEPS).(2) "With the recent increase in prescribing of antidepressant medications, many physicians might assume that undertreatment of depression is no longer a widespread problem," Dr. Mark Olfson from College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University and the New York State Psychiatric Institute in New York City told Reuters Health by e-mail. "This study makes clear, however, that most American adults who screen positive for depression receive no treatment for their symptoms."(3) Surveys from the early 2000s show that about half of U. S. adults with a lifetime medical history of major depressive disorder had never received treatment for depression. Still, little is known about the extent to which adults with depression in the U. S. receive depression care and the extent to which such patients are matched based on their illness severity to appropriate treatments and health care professionals.(4) Dr. Olfson and colleagues used data from the 2012 and 2013 MEPS to examine the prevalence and treatment of adults with screen-positive depression. They also assessed whether serious psychological distress was associated with more intensive treatment.(5) About 1 in 12 adults (8.4%) screened positive for depression, but the prevalence varied widely from 18% among adults in the lowest income group to 3.7% in the highest income group. Only 28.7% of those who screened positive for depressionreceived any depression treatment during the survey year, although 78.5% of those with screen-positive depression who received no depression treatment made at least one medical visit during that time, according to the August 29th JAMA Internal Medicine online report.(6) "Some groups, such as men and adults with less education, as well as ethnic and racial minorities, were especially unlikely to receive any treatment for their depressive symptoms," Dr. Olfson said. (7) Overall, 8.1% of adults received treatment for depression, but only a minority of those had screen positive depression (29.9%) or serious psychological distress (21.8%). The most common treatments for depression were antidepressants (87.0%), followed by psychotherapy (23.2%), anxiolytics (13.5%), antipsychotics (7.0%), and mood stabilizers (5.1%).(8) Patients with more serious distress were less likely than less distressed patients to be treated with。
专业英语四级(人物传记类阅读理解)模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语四级（人物传记类阅读理解）模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 5. READING COMPREHENSIONPART V READING COMPREHENSION (25 MIN)Directions: In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.One of the most intriguing stories of the Russian Revolution concerns the identity of Anastasia, the youngest daughter of Czar Nicholas II. During his reign over Russia, the Czar had planned to revoke many of the harsh laws established by previous czars. Some workers and peasants, however, clamored for more rapid social reform. In 1918 a group of these people, known as Bolsheviks, overthrew the government. On July 17 or 18, they murdered the Czar and what was thought to be his entire family. Although witnesses vouched that all the members of the Czar’s family had been executed, there were rumors suggesting that Anastasia had survived. Over the years, a number of women claimed to be Grand Duchess Anastasia. Perhaps the best known claimant was Anastasia Tschai-kovsky, who was also known as Anna Anderson. In 1920, eighteen months after the Czar’s execution, this terrified young woman was rescued from drowning in a Berlin river. She spent two years in a hospital, where she attempted to reclaim her health and shattered mind. The doctors and nurses thought that she resembled Anastasia and questioned her about her background. She disclaimed any connection with the Czar’s family. Eight years later, though, she claimed that she was Anastasia. She said that she had been rescued by two Russian soldiers after the Czar and the rest of her family had been killed. Two brothers named Tschaikovsky had carried her into Romania. She had married one of the brothers, who had taken her to Berlin and left her there, penniless and without a vocation. Unable to invoke the aid of her mother’s family in Germany, she had tried to drown herself. During the next few years, scores of the Czar’s relatives, ex-servants, and acquaintances interviewed her. Many of these people said that her looks and mannerisms were evocative of the Anastasia that they had known. Her grandmother and other relatives denied that she was the real Anastasia, however. Tired of being accused of fraud, Anastasia immigrated to the United States in 1928 and took the name Anna Anderson. She still wished to prove that she was Anastasia, though, and returned to Germany in 1933 to bring suit against her mother’s family. There she declaimed to the court, asserting that she was indeed Anastasia and deserved her inheritance. In 1957, the court decided that it could neither confirm nor deny Anastasia’s identity. Al-though we will probably never know whether this woman was the Grand Duchess Anastasia, her search to establish her identity has beenthe subject of numerous books, plays, and movies.1．According to the passage,______.A．Anastasia is still alive.B．Anastasia is the only child of Czar Nicholas II.C．Many have tried to claim the identity of Anastasia.D．Anastasia died in an execution.正确答案：C解析：细节题。
专业英语四级(阅读理解)模拟试卷2(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语四级（阅读理解）模拟试卷2(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. We have an opportunity to get out ahead of what easily could be a third wave. There are lot of scientists who feel that if we’re successful, if we continue the vaccination program into the new year and get as many people vaccinated as possible, we really might avert what various experts believe may be a more vicious strain in the later winter months when flu season is really underway.21．What’s Kathleen Sebelius’ attitude to the American government’s response to the H1N1 epidemic?A．Disappointed and angry.B．Indifferent and objective.C．Biased and critical.D．Satisfied and proud.正确答案：D解析：态度题。
第一段中出现的表述“less than six months”、“pretty unheard of”和“enormously successful”都显示出KS对美国政府及时采取措施的赞赏态度，所以选项必须是正面的、积极的。
因为选项中都包含两个词，所以只要有一个否定意义的词出现，就可直接排除。
22．According to KS, the reason that some healthy people died of H1N1 is______.A．that they have contracted other diseases at the same time.B．that H1N1 is fatal.C．that their bodies are weaker than others.D．still a myth to the scientists.正确答案：D解析：细节题。
专业英语四级阅读-14
专业英语四级阅读-14(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}READING COMPREHENSION{{/B}}(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、{{B}}TEXT A{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：25.00)Ah, youth. The time for body piercings, staying out late and...a portfolio of ultrasecure T-bills?Traditionally, we associate the early years with risky behavior—but one consequence of the recession appears to be a shift in the way 18-to 34-year-olds handle money. Affluent millennials and 30-somethings say their tolerance for risky investments is much lower than it was a year ago, rivaled only by people over the age of 65, according to a new study by Merrill Lynch Global Wealth Management. "It is truly a generational change," says Dave Geschke, an executive at Ameriprise financial. "The market got cut in half. Housing got cut in half. People saw their asset classes get blown up."Avoiding risk may feel sensible to a generation whose financial coming-of-age has been bookended by the dotcom bubble and the subprime-mortgage meltdown. In 2010, only 41 percent of 18-to29-year-olds reported working full time, compared with 50 percent in 2006, according to the Pew Research Center. Millennials were more likely to report losing their jobs than workers over the age of 30, and many recent college graduates have had a hard time finding a toehold in a tight labor market, even as the national unemployment rate rose Friday to 9.6 percent. If the 18-to 34-year-olds feel more cautious about investing, it's partly because they have less money to spend and little economic security.In response, financial firms have begun tweaking their products. Target-date retirement funds for young investors, managed by mutual-fund giant John Hancock, recently decreased exposure to stocks by 10 to 15 percent. Anecdotally, financial planners say young clients are keeping more cash on hand, and online banks such as ING Direct have rolled out savings accounts with slightly higher interest rates. "We're seeing people try to put bells and whistles on very conservative investments," says David Carter, chief investment officer at Lenox Advisors.But in the long term, is it wise for 18-to 34-year-olds to avoid stocks, load up on bonds, and keep more cash in their bank accounts? Perhaps not, if they want to live comfortably in retirement. "You need the growthpotential of stocks," says Christine Benz, director of personal finance for Morningstar: com. "Investors cannot expect the same returns from bonds and bond funds."One idiosyncrasy (特质) remains this generation's attitude toward money. The Pew Research Center's findings show that 85 percent of adults under 30 feel optimistic about their financial future, compared with 45 percent of the 50-and-up crowd. Three quarters of young adults surveyed by the center say they feel confident they will have enough money to retire. So, while the twin busts may have diminished their appetite for risk now, there's reason to believe young adults' faith in the market will eventually return.（分数：25.00）(1).What is the generational change mentioned in the passage?∙ A. 18-to 34-year-olds are experiencing recession.∙ B. 18-to 34-year-olds' asset classes are getting blown up.∙ C. 18-to 34-year-olds like risky behaviors more.∙ D. 18-to 34-year-olds tend to avoid risky investments.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：事实细节题。
专业英语四级阅读-21
专业英语四级阅读-21(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}READING COMPREHENSION{{/B}}(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、{{B}}TEXT A{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：25.00)Despite all the progress toward women's equality, women who work full time are still earning only 75 cents on average to every dollar earned by men. Driving home that point, the National Committee on Pay Equity has chosen April 16 this year, to remind Americans that all women would need to work at least an extra two days in a workweek to earn almost as much as all men do in one normal workweek.Why does such a wage gap still persist?Economists differ in their explanations. And yet this income disparity is seen as a key indicator of how women are treated—both in the workplace and at home.Fortunately, the women's movement and civil rights enforcement have ended most gender discrimination in setting wages. Now advocates are focused on ensuring that working women have female advisers and role models, while they try to remove subtle discrimination in promotions—the "glass ceiling" that accounts for so few women being in top management. Many economists, however, say many women have lower-paying jobs because of choices made in their home life, such as taking time out to raise children. Or women take part-time, low-wage jobs for the flexibility. When they do reenter the workforce full time, they're often behind their working peers in pay and promotions.But as more women feel empowered to make career choices, their pay rises. Another explanation is that women don't really make the choice to drop off the career ladder or to stay at a lower job rung. They may, for example, accept the expectations of others to take traditional jobs for women, such as nursing, which have low market wages. They must often take jobs that don't account for the unpredictability of families. Working moms may find their income can't pay for day care, or day care doesn't suit their child. If they are married, they may realize their husbands are not inclined to child rearing (or house chores), so they either quit work or go part-time. So as their life choices seem to become a lite burden, women's income slips behind men's.No matter what the explanation, much progress has been made in reducingthe pay gap. While government still has a major role, employers can do more. Many have found a market advantage in supporting working mothers or putting women in management. And in the home, men and women are getting smarter in defining their marital relationships, often before tying the knot.Just as women now outnumber men in college, perhaps someday their average pay will surpass men's—and that may make up for lost wages.（分数：25.00）(1).April 16 has been chosen∙ A. to show the organization's attitude towards equal pay.∙ B. to define the day as pay day for women who are not equally paid.∙ C. to make it clear that women working full time are earning less than men.∙ D. to remind women to work longer hours to earn as much as men.（分数：5.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：事实细节题。
大学英语专业四级阅读理解模考试题及答案
大学英语专业四级阅读理解模考试题及答案When I was growing up, the whole world was Jewish. The heroes were Jewish and the villains were Jewish. The landlord, the doctor, the grocer, your best friend, the village idiot, and the neighborhood bully: all Jewish. We were working class and immigrants as well, but that just came with territory. Essentially we were Jews on thestreets of New York. We learned to be kind, cruel, smart and feeling in a mixture of language and gesture that was part street slang, part grade school English, part kitchen Yiddish.? One Sunday evening when I was eight years old my parents and I were riding in the back seat of my rich uncles car. We had been out for a ride and now we were back in the Bronx, headed forhome. Suddenly, another car sideswiped us. My mother and aunt shrieked. My uncle swore softly. My father, in whose lap I was sitting, said out the window at the speeding car, “Thats all right. Nothing but a few Jews in here.〞 In an instant I knew everything. I knew there was a world beyond our streets, and in that world myfather was humiliated man, without power or standing.? When I was sixteen,a girl in the next building had her nose straightened; we all went together to see Selma Shapiro lying in state, wrapped in bandages from which would emerge a person fit for life beyond the block. Three buildings away a boy went downtown for a job, and on his application he wrote “Arnold Brown〞instead of “Arnold Braunowiitz〞. The news swept through the neighborhood like a wild fire. A nose job? A name change? What was happening here? It was awful; it was wonderful. It was frightening; it was delicious. Whatever it was, it wasnt standstill. Things felt lively and active. Self?confidence was on the rise, passivity on the wane. We were goingto experience challenges. Thats what it meant to be in the new world. For the first time we could imagine ourselves out there.But who exactly do I mean when I say we? I mean Arnie, not Selma.I mean my brother, not me. I mean the boys, not the girls. My mother stood behind me, pushing me forward. “The girl goes to college, too,〞 she said. And I did. But my going to college would not mean the same thing as my mothers going to college, and we all knew it. For my brother, college meant going from the Bronx to Manhattan. But for me From the time I was fourteen I yearned to get out of the Bronx, but get out into what? I did not actually imagine myself a working person alone in Manhattan and nobody else did either. What I did imagine was that I would marry, and that the man I married would get me downtown. He would brave the perils of class and race, and somehow Id be there alongside him.24. In the passage, we can find the author was ______A. quite satisfied with her lifeB. a poor Jewish girlC. born in a middle class familyD. a resident in a rich area in New York25. Selma Shapiro had her nose straightened because she wanted______A. to look her bestB. to find a new job in the neighborhoodC. to live a new life in other placesD. to marry very soon26. Arnold Brown changed his name because ______A. there was racial discrimination in employmentB. Brown was just the same as BraunowiitzC. it was easy to writeD. Brown sounds better27. From the passage we can infer that ______A. the Jews were satisfied with their life in the BronxB. the Jewish immigrants could not be richC. all the immigrants were very poorD. the young Jews didnt accept the stern reality参考答案24. B) 根据文章第一段和最后一段可以很明显判断出“I〞是一位贫穷的.犹太小女孩。
专业英语四级阅读练习
专业英语四级阅读练习专业英语四级阅读练习盛年不重来，一日难再晨。
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以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的专业英语四级阅读练习，以下是店铺精心整理的专业英语四级阅读练习，希望能够帮助到大家。
专业英语四级阅读练习篇1Text BIn English, along a stretch of the north-east coast which gently curves from Northumberland to the estuary of the river Tees, there was a spot, typical of many on that coast, where sea-coal collected richly and effortlessly. This coal was a coarse powder, clean and brilliant. It seemed to bear little resemblance to the large, filthy lumps put onto the fire. Although it was coal, it was perfectly clean and it was silently deposited at high tide in a glittering carpet a kilometer long for the local community to gather up.The great needed for sea-coaling expeditions was a curious and traditionally proven assortment which never varied from community to community along the entire north-east coastline. Sacks were essential to put the coal in, and string to tie the neck of each sack when it was full. A wooden rake was used to scrape the coal from the beach. The only alternative to the rake was a flat piece of board held in the hand. A flat, broad shovel to lift the raked coal into the bags, completed the portable hardware.But the most crucial item of equipment was a bicycle, a special kind of rusty, stripped-down model which was the symbol of the sea-coaling craft. A lady’s bike was no good because it lacked a crossbar, and that was an essential element in transporting sea-coal. One full sack could be slung through thetr iangular frame of a man’s bike, another over the crossbar and, sometime, even a third on top of that. The beauty of the metal bar against the full, wet sacks forced excess water out of the coal while it was being wheeled home. On a good day, the path to the beach was generally a double snail track of water that had been forced from each end of a trail of coal sacks.70. The difference between the two types of coal was that sea coal _____.A. burnt better.B. was cheaper.C. was more finely-grained.D. came in big pieces.正确答案是71. Certain equipment was used because _____.A. the people were very traditional.B. it could be made by the communities.C. it had proved to be practical.D. the communities had curious habits.正确答案是72. To carry three sacks of coal on a bicycle it was necessary to _____.A. put one of them on the saddle.B. balance them all on the crossbar.C. balance two on the crossbar.D. remove the excess liquid.正确答案是73. By using the bicycle _____.A. the collection could ride home.B. coal could be moved easily over the sand.C. the collection could sell more coal.D. excess liquid could be removed.专业英语四级阅读练习篇2More surprising, perhaps, than the current difficulties of traditional marriage is the fact that marriage itself is alive and thriving. As Skolnick notes, Americans are a marrying people: relative to Europeans, more of us marry and we marry at a younger age. Moreover, after a decline in the early 1970s, the rate of marriage in the United States is now increasing. Even the divorce rate needs to be taken in this pro- marriage context: some 80 percent of divorced individuals remarry. Thus, marriage remains by far the preferred way of life for the vast majority of the people in our society.What has changed more than marriage is the nuclear family. Twenty- five years ago, the typical American family consisted of the husband, the wife, and two or three children. Now, there are many marriages in whichcouples have decided not to have any children, and there are many marriages where at least some of the children are from the wife’s previous marriage, or the husband’s, or both. Sometimes these children spend all of their time with one parent from the former marriage; sometimes they are shared between the two former spouses .Thus, one can find every type of tamely arrangement. There are marriages without children; marriages with children from only the present marriages; marriages with“full - time”children from both the present and former marriages; marriages with“full- time”children from the present marriage and“part- time”childrenfrom former marriages. There are stepfathers, stepmothers, half- brothers and half-sisters. It is not all that unusual for a child to have four parents and eight grandparents! These are enormous changes from the traditional nuclear family.But even so, even in the midst of all this, there remains one constant: most Americans spend most of their adult lives married.练习题：Choose correct answers to the question:1.By calling Americans a marrying people the writer means that ________.A.Americans are more traditional than EuropeansB More Americans prefer marriage and at a younger age than EuropeanC.most divorced individuals remarryD.marriage is the most important part of American life2.From the first paragraph we can know that ____A.traditional marriage now runs into difficultyB.marriage rate has been rising since the 1970C.marriage rate in Europe is rather lowD.European marry when they are quite old3.Which of the following can be presented as the picture of today’s Am erican families?A. There are no nuclear families any more.B. A family usually consists of only a husband ,a wife and two or three childrenC. a child usually has four grandparentsD. Many types of family rearrangements have become socially acceptable.4. “Part-time ”children ____A.do part-time job to earn their livingB.spend all of their time with one parent from the previous marriageC.are shared between the two former spousesD.are quite unusual even in the U.S.A5.Even though great changes have taken place in the structure of American families, ________ .A. the functions of marriage remain unchangedB. most Americans prefer a second marriageC. the vast majority of Americans still have faith in marriageD. nuclear family is alive and thriving答案1.[B] 事实细节题。
专业四级英语试题及答案
专业四级英语试题及答案一、听力理解（共20分）1. 根据所听对话或短文，选择正确答案。
A. 选项AB. 选项BC. 选项CD. 选项D[样例题目]根据对话内容，下列哪项是正确的？A. 他们计划去看电影。
B. 他们决定去图书馆。
C. 他们正在讨论作业。
D. 他们打算去公园。
[样例答案]B2. 根据所听短文，完成下列信息填空。
[样例题目]根据短文内容，填写以下信息：- 短文中提到的主要人物是________。
- 事件发生的时间是________。
[样例答案]- 主要人物：John Smith- 事件发生时间：2023年3月15日二、阅读理解（共30分）1. 阅读下列短文，回答后面的问题。
[短文内容][此处为短文正文][样例问题]根据短文内容，以下哪项是正确的？A. 选项AB. 选项BC. 选项CD. 选项D[样例答案]C2. 阅读下列短文，选择最佳标题。
A. 选项AB. 选项BC. 选项CD. 选项D[样例答案]B三、词汇与语法（共20分）1. 选择适当的单词或短语填空。
[样例题目]In the _______ of the meeting, he made an important announcement.A. presenceB. absenceC. silenceD. chaos[样例答案]A2. 根据句子结构，选择正确的语法形式。
[样例题目]If she _______ earlier, she would have caught the train.A. leavesB. leftC. is leavingD. had left[样例答案]D四、完形填空（共15分）[样例题目]阅读下面的短文，从所给选项中选择最佳答案填空。
[此处为短文正文][样例选项]A. 选项AB. 选项BC. 选项CD. 选项D[样例答案]1. B2. A3. D...10. C五、翻译（共15分）1. 将下列句子从中文翻译成英文。
专业英语四级(阅读)模拟试卷146(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷146(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 2.SECTION AIn this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.(1)Glass making in Eastern Europe and Romania comes from the Murano style in Italy as most of the artisans studied glassmaking there. Up to the 13th century, European glassmaking was exclusive to Venice. But frequent fires prompted Venetian authorities to shift the furnaces to the island of Murano. (2)There has been a long history of making glass in Romania. Romanian glassmakers have successfully passed on this art for several generations and the craft continues to thrive in this part of Eastern Europe. In Romania, it is said that artisans only pass on the secrets of glass making to members of their family. More importantly, there is a rigid hierarchy in obtaining the coveted position as a glass blower. For example, a young man may take years before he can get to that stage within this strict hierarchy. (3)Romanian glass is comparable to any great piece of Eastern European mouth blown glass. And they are nothing like the ones that are made by machinery or inexpensive duplicates. Traditionally Romanian factories and glass studios manufacture clear glass utilizing pellets that are distinct and commonly found in Western Europe. And depending on the artisan, German pigments are popularly used for coloring or painting glass. The combination of this blend makes Romanian crafted glass truly a superior product anywhere in Europe. Though Romanian glasswork is normally not made from crystal, nonetheless, it carries a similar purity and shine. Glass products in Romania are not just great looking, they are also being produced to suit a host of lifestyles, from the traditional to modern and the line of products are guaranteed quality glassware that is both functional and decorative. (4)Romanian mouth-blown glassware is made by highly skilled artisans. They are very creative pieces with exceptional quality. They are also a prized collector’s item. Some of the work includes vases and bowls that are made as centerpieces as well as plates—the artisans who create these masterpieces learned their skills in Murano itself. (5)The contemporary glassware is not just placed in galleries to be on display, they also make great gifts, particularly wedding gifts, and decorations especially in restaurants, businesses and hotels. They can also be used as decorations while designing your home.1．What is NOT true about the glass making in Murano?A．It was originated from the glass making in Venice.B．It spread to Eastern Europe through Venice.C．The Romanian glass making comes from Murano.D．Glass making didn’t begin in Murano until after the 13th century.正确答案：B解析：根据题干中的Murano定位到第1段。
大学英语专业四级阅读理解模拟试题(含答案)(04)
PART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.TEXT ARacket, din clamor, noise, whatever you want to call it, unwanted sound is America's most widespreadnuisance. But noise is more than just a nuisance. It constitutes a real and present danger to people's health. Dayand night, at home, at work, and at play, noise can produce serious physical and psychological stress. No one isimmune to this stress. Though we seem to adjust to noise by ignoring it, the ear, in fact, never closes and thebody still responds—sometimes with extreme tension, as to a strange sound in the night.The annoyance we feel when faced with noise is the most common outward symptom of the stress buildingup inside us. Indeed, because irritability is so apparent, legislators have made public annoyance the basis ofmany noise abatement programs. The more subtle and more serious health hazards associated with stresscaused by noise traditionally have been given much less attention. Nevertheless, when we are annoyed or madeirritable by noise, we should consider these symptoms fair warning that other thing may be happening to us,some of which may be damaging to our health.Of many health hazards to noise, hearing loss is the most clearly observable and measurable by healthprofessionals. The other hazards are harder to pin down. For many of us, there may be a risk that exposure to thestress of noise increases susceptibility to disease and infection. The more susceptible among us may experiencenoise as a complicating factor in heart problems and other diseases. Noise that causes annoyance and irritabilityin health persons may have serious consequences for these already ill in mind or body.Noise affects us throughout our lives. For example, there are indications of effects on the unborn child whenmothers are exposed to industrial and environmental noise. During infancy and childhood, youngsters exposedto high noise levels may have trouble falling asleep and obtaining necessary amounts of rest.Why, then, is there not greater alarm about these dangers? Perhaps it is because the link between noise andmany disabilities or diseases has not yet been conclusively demonstrated. Perhaps it is because we tend todismiss annoyance as a price to pay for living in the modern world. It may also be because we still think ofhearing loss as only an occupational hazard.1.In Paragraph 1, the phrase "immune to" are used to mean ___.A.unaffected byB.hurt byC.unlikely to be seen byD.unknown by2.The author's attitude toward noise would best be described as ___.A.unrealisticB.traditionalC.concernedD.hysterical3.Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?A.Noise is a major problem; most people recognize its importance.B.Although noise can be annoying, it is not a major problem.C.Noise is a major problem and has not yet been recognized as such.D.Noise is a major problem about which nothing can be done.4.The author condemns noise essentially because it ___.A.is against the lawB.can make some people irritableC.is a nuisanceD.in a ganger to people's health5.The author would probably consider research about the effects noise has on people to be ___.A.unimportantB.impossible.C.a waste of moneyD.essentialTEXT BWhat we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her unborn child by studying poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem utterly impossible. How could such extremely complex influences pass from the mother to the child? There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. An emotional shock to the mother will affect her child, because it changes the activity of her glands and so the chemistry her blood. Any chemical change in the mother's blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we can not see how a looking for mathematics or poetic genius can be dissolved in blood and produce a similar liking or genius in the child.In our discussion of instincts we saw that there was reason to believe that whatever we inherit must be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior. It is certain that no one inherits a knowledge of mathematics. It may be, however, that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics, theywill probably make a success of that study.As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician must execute, and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music, the child may become a musician. The same factors, in other circumstance might be organized about some other center of interest. The rich emotional equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surgery. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited, then nor even the love of it, but a certain bodily structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical knowledge and skill. Whether that ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forces in the environment in which a child grows up.6.Which of the following statements is not true?A. Some mothers try to influence their unborn children by studying art and other subjects during theirpregnancy.B. It is utterly impossible for us to learn anything about prenatal development.C. The blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly.D. There are no connection between mother's nervous systems and her unborn child's.7. A mother will affect her unborn baby on the condition that ____.A. she is emotionally shockedB.she has a good knowledge of inheritanceC. she takes part in all kind of activitiesD. she sticks to studying8.According to the passage, a child may inherit____.A. everything from his motherB. a knowledge of mathematicsC. a rather general ability that we call intelligenceD. her mother's musical ability9.If a child inherits something from his mother, such as an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of thehands or of the vocal organs, he will ____.A. surely become musicianB. mostly become a poetC. possibly become a teacherD. become a musician on the condition that all these factors are organized around music10.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Role of Inheritance.B. An Unborn Child.C. Function of instincts.D. Inherited Talents.TEXT CThere are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably , some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he hasto begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So thesecond factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is brought up. If an individual is handicapped(不利) environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and theirgrowth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they wereplaced in separate foster(抚养) homes. Peter was raised by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been tocollege. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they weregiven tests to measure their intelligence. Mark's I. Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average andfully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.11.This selection can best be titled____________.A. Measuring Your IntelligenceB. Intelligence and EnvironmentC. The Case of Peter and MarkD. How the Brain Influences Intelligence12.The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that _______.A. human brains differ considerablyB. the brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligenceC. environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligenceD. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence13.According to the passage, the average I. Q. is_______.A. 85 .B. 100C. 110D. 12514.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that_______.A. individuals with identical brains seldom test at the same levelB. an individual's intelligence is determined only by his environmentC. lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenceD. changes of environment produce changes in the structure of the brain15.This passage suggests that an individual's I. Q. _______.A. can be predicted at birthB. stays the same throughout his lifeC. can be increased by educationD. is determined by his childhoodTEXT DPersonality is，to large extent, inherent --A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is improtant to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor lives of their children.One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the "win at all costs" moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences:remember that Pheidippides ,the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying:"Rejoice, we conquer!".By far the worst form of competition in school is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations . It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well.The merits of competition by examinationare somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into 'B's. The would needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child's personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.16.According to the author, what factors contribute to the building of personality?A. inheritanceb. inheritance, competition and environmentc. competitiond. environment17.Which of the following statements is not true according to the author of the passage?A.Schools usually adopt severe competitive policies.B. Students are often divided by competition results.C. School is place where children cultivate their characteristics.D. The stronger desire for winning, the better.18.The phrase "soak up" is closest in meaning to ____.A. pull upb. take upc. take ind. pull in19.What attitude does the author hold toward examinations in schools?A. positiveb. negativec. doubtfuld. neutral20.what suggestion does the author make concerning the management of schools?A. All students be made into competitive A types.B. A child's personality be considered in regard to his possible future job.C. All students be changed into B characteristics.D. Schools abolish all forms of examinations.答案： 1-5 ACCDD 6-10 BACDA 11-15 B C B C C 16-20 BDCCB。
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英语专业四级阅读理解模拟题A simple piece of rope hangs between some environmentally friendly Americans and their neighbors. On one side stand those who have begun to see clothes dryers as wasteful consumers of energy (up to 6% of total electricity) and powerful emitters of carbon dioxide (up to a ton of CO2 per household every year). As an alternative, they are turning to clotheslines as part of what Alexander Lee, an environmentalist, calls "what-I-can- do environmentalism."But on the other side are people who oppose air-drying laundry outside on aesthetic grounds. Increasingly, they have persuaded community and homeowners associations(HOAs) across the U.S. to ban outdoor clotheslines, which they say not only look unsightly but also lower surrounding property values. Those actions, in turn, have sparked a right-to-dry movement that is pressing for legislation to protect the choice to use clotheslines. Only three states--Florida, Hawaii and Utah--have laws written broadly enough to protect clotheslines. Right-to-dry advocates argue that there should be more.Matt Reck is the kind of eco-conscious guy who feeds his trees with bathwater and recycles condensation drops from his air conditioners to water plants. His family also uses a clothesline. But Otto Hagen, president of Reck's HOA in Wake Forest, N.C., notified him that a neighbor h, ad complained about his line. The Recks ignored the warning and still dry their clothes on a rope in the yard. "Many people claim to be environmentally friendly but don't take matters into their own hands," says Reck. HOAs Hagen has decided to hold off taking action. "I'm not going to go crazy," he says. "But if Matt keeps his line and more neighbors complain, I'll have to address it again."North Carolina lawmakers tried and failed earlier this year to insert language into an energy bill that would expressly prevent HOAs from regulating clotheslines. But the issue remains a touchy one with HOAs and real estate agents. "Most aesthetic restrictions are rooted, to a degree, in the belief that homogenous (统一协调的) exteriors are supportive of property value," says Sara Stubbins, executive director of the Community Association Institute's North Carolina chapter. In other words, associations worry that housing prices will fall if prospective buyers think their would-be neighbors are too poor to afford dryers.Alexander Lee dismisses the notion that clotheslines devalue property assets, advocating that the idea "needs to change in light of global warming." "We all have to do at least something to decrease our carbon footprint," Alexander Lee says.1. What is NOT mentioned as a disadvantage of using clothes dryers?A. Electricity consumption.B. Air pollution.C. Waste of energy.D. Ugly looking.2. Which of the following is INCORRECT?A. Opposers think air-drying laundry would devalue surrounding assets.B. Opposers consider the outdoor clothesline as an eyesore to the scenery.C. Right-to-dry movements led to the pass of written laws to protect clotheslines.D. Most of states in the US have no written laws to protect clotheslines.3. What is the HOAs' attitude towards the regulation of outdoor clotheslines?A. Concerned.B. Impartial.C. Supportive.D. Unclear.4. In the last paragraph Alexander Lee recommends thatA. clotheslines should be banned in the community.B. clotheslines wouldn't lessen the property values.C. the globe would become warmer and warmer.D. we should protect the environment in the community.5. An appropriate title for the passage might beA. Opinions on Environmental Protection.B. Opinions on Air-drying Laundry.C. What-I-Can-Do Environmentalism.D. Restrictions on Clotheslines.参考答案与解析：文章概要：本文探讨是否该用晾衣绳在室外晾晒衣服。
第l段指出干衣机不利环保，由此引出用晾衣绳晾衣服的话题；第2段介绍对用晾衰绳晒衣服的两种对立观点；第3段描述环保主义者Matt Reck用晾衣绳在室外晒衣服，并指出他的行为引发邻居的不满及业主委员会成员Otto Hagen的注意；第4段指出北卡罗来纳州立法者试图修订法律规定业主委员会对住户是否在室外晾衣无权干涉，法案却没有通过的原因；最后一段：Alexander Lee认为人们应该改变观念，为减少碳排放量贡献力量。
答案解析：1[D]细节判断题。
考查使用干衣机的弊端，文章第1段第2句话对此有叙述：有些人认为干衣机浪费能源从而造成电的损耗．释放的二氧化碳污染空气，A、B、C选项分别列举了这些弊端，本题是逆向选择题，要求选出不是干衣机弊端的一项，故选D2．[C]细节判断题。
第2段提到，户外晾衣绳不仅破坏优美的风景还降低房产价值，A、B 都对。
D与本段最后一句表述也相符。
C无法从文中推断出来，故选C。
3．[C]观点态度题。
考查HOAs协会的成员对限制使用晾衣绳的态度。
第3段最后几旬提到，如果Matt继续使用晾衣绳，HOAs的成员Hagen就要直接出面说Matt了，这间接表明了HOAs 协会的态度；另外，从第4段前两句，也可推知C正确。
4．[D]段落细节题。
在最后一段，Alexander Lee提出，鉴于全球变暖我们的观念需要改变，至少要做到尽可能减少碳物质的排放。
因此选项D符合题意。
A与原文意思相反；B虽然是Alexander Lee的观点，却不是他要提倡的，故不选。