2016专业英语第一次作业(要)

湖南文理学院学院2017-2018学年度第一次作业考核课程：《计算机专业英语》学生所在院系：年级：姓名：班级：学号：一、Give out the full names for the following abbreviations(写出下列缩写词的全称)（20%）PROM_______________________________________________CPU_________________________________________________ALU_________________________________________________IT____________________________________________________WWW_______________________________________________RAM________________________________________________PNP__________________________________________________OS__________________________________________________HTML__________________________________________________TCP__________________________________________________二、Match the following words and expressions in the leftcolumn with those similar in meaning in the right column(将)（10%）1. memory unit a. 半导体存储器2. high density b. 异构网络3. semiconductor memory c.客户端—服务器4. data definition language d. 数据定义语言5. heterogeneous networks e. 高密度6. machine language f. 机器语言7.embedded system g. 远程教育8. distance education h. 嵌入式系统9. client-server i. 存储单元10.batch systems j. 批处理系统1. （ ） 6. （ ）2. （ ） 7. （ ）3. （ ） 8. （ ）4. （ ） 9. （ ）5. （ ） 10.（ ）三、Translate the following phrases into English(将下列短语翻译成英语)（20%）1. 晶体管 ( )2. 电阻 ( )3. 导线 ( )4. 数据流 ( )5. 分立元件 ( )6. 年复一年 ( )7. 计算机体系结构( )8. 可移植性 ( )9. 高效性 ( )10. 分布式网络 ( )11. 坚实的基础 ( )12. 电子商务 ( )13. 资源分配 ( )14. 汇编程序 ( )15. 装入程序 ( )16. 编译程序 ( )17.多道程序设计 ( )18.启动 ( )19.高速缓存 ( )20.集成电路 ( )四.Reading comprehension(阅读理解)(30%)(一) Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the list given below, and change the form where necessary (从下面所列词语中选择合适的词语, 以其适当的形式填空)(15%)high-level language assembly language writtenmachine language notationA programming language, designed to facilitate the communication between human and computers, is a __________________ for describing computation in readable form. There are 3 levels of programming languages, they are __________________, which can be run directly by computer; __________________and______________. There are different high-level programming languages. Fortunately, most of them have many kinds of construct in common and vary only in the way that these must be__________________ . Therefore, first thing to be decided about a task is to choose which programming language is best suited for the job.Passage AThe central processing unit (CUP) is the heart of the computer systems. Among other things, its configuration determines whether a computer is fast or slow in relation to other computers. The CPU is the most complex computer system component, responsible for directing most of the computer system activities based on the instructions provided. As one computer generation has evolved to the next, the physical size of the CPU has often become smaller and smaller, which its speed and capacity have increased tremendously. Indeed, these changes have resulted in micro-Computers that are small enough to fit on your desk and your lap.The CPU comprise the control unit and the arithmetic/logic unit (ALU).The control unit is responsible for directing and coordinating most of the computer systems activities. It determines the movement of electronic signals between main memory and the arithmetic/logic unit, as well as the control signals between the CPU and input/output devices.The ALU performs all the arithmetic and logical(comparison) functions—that is, it adds, subtracts, multiplies, divides, and does comparison. These comparisons, which are basically “less than”, “greater than”, and “equal to”, can be combined into several common expressions, such as “greater than or equal to”. The objective of most instructions that use comparisons is to determine which instruction should be executed next.(二) Tell whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F) according to the passage A(根据上文的内容判断下列句子的正误)(15%)1. With the development of computer, the physical size of the CPU has often become bigger and bigger. ( )2. The movement of electronic signals between main memory and the ALU as well as the control signal between the CPU and input/output devices are controlled by the control unit of the CPU. ( )3. The CPU comprises the control unit and memory. ( )4. The control unit performs all the arithmetic and logical functions. ( )5. The central processing unit (CPU) is the heart of the computer systems. ( )五.traslate the following paragraphs into Chinese.(翻译)(20%)1.Java originated as part of a research project to develop advanced software for a wide variety of network devices and embedded systems. The goal was to develop a small, reliable, portable, distributed, real-time operating platform. When the project started, C++ was the language of choice. But over time the difficulties encountered with C++ grew to the point where the problems could best be addressed by creating an entirely new language platform. Design an architecture decisions drew from a variety of language such as Eiffel, SmallTalk, Objective, C, and Cedar/Mesa. The result is a language platform that has proven ideal for developing secure, distributed, network based end-user applications in environments ranging from network-embedded devices to the World-Wide-Web an the desktop.2.CD-ROMIntroduced in 1980, the extraordinarily successful CD, or compact disk, is an optical laser disk designed to enhance the recorded reproduction of music. To make a CD recording, the analog sounds of music are translated into their digital equivalents and stored on a 4.72-inch optical laser disk. Seventy-four minutes of music can be recorded on each disk in digital format by 2 billion digital bits. With its tremendous storage capacity, computer-industry entrepreneurs immediately recognized the potential of optical laser disk technology. In effect, anything that can be digitizedcan be stored on optical laser disk: data, text, voice, still pictures, music, graphics, and video.。