book7 Unit 4 Sharing grammar 语法

4. This is the best hotel in the city ___ I know. A. It B. where C. that D. Which
5.This is all____I know about the matter. A.that B.what C.who D.whether
3.在介词＋ whom/ which 结构中,介词的选择
on which I I will never forget the day ____ reached the Great Wall. at which the train Tell me the time _____ leaves.
根据先行词来判断
Unit 4 Sharing
Attributive Clause (restrictive) 复习限制性定语从句
1、定语从句的定义
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫 做定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫 先行词。 引导定语从句的关联词有： 关系代词： that，who, whom whose, which
1. Please take the second chair_______is over there. A. where B. which C. who D. that
2.Is oxygen the only gas __ helps fire burn? A. that B./ C.which D.it 3.Finally, the thief handed everything _____ he had stolen to the police. （NMET98’) A. which B. what C. whatever D. that
答题技巧小结： 定语从句选关系词三步骤： 第一：找出先行词；
第二：把先行词还原到从句中 ，判断先行词在定语从句中的 语法功能（做主语、宾语、定 语或状语）;
第三: 选择合适的关系词。
综合练习：Fill in the blanks with who, whom, whose, which and that.
地点 原因
状语
状语 状语
否
否 否
Choose the best answers:
1.The last place _____we visited was the Great Wall. A.which B.that C.where D. it
2. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ comes from Beijing. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose
5. All the apples ____ that fall are eaten by wild boars.(野猪） 6. Can you think of anyone ____ that could look after him? 7. This is the best hotel ____ that I know. 8. He showed a machine whose _____ parts are too small to be seen.
3. What’s the name of the man____? A. you
borrowed his car
which car you borrowed
B.
C.
whose car you borrowed
his car you borrowed
D.
4. There were dirty marks on her trousers ____ she had wiped her hands. A. where C. when B. which D. that
2. 介词+关系代词的情况
Are these two sentences right?
The man who/whom you spoke to was a scientist. The city that/which she lives in is far away.
× ×
可见, who, that 不能用于介词之后。
翻译 1. 他指给我看他丢钱包的地方。 He showed me the place where he lost his wallet. 2. 我不认识那个和你说话的女孩。 I don’t know the girl whom/that you speak to. 3. 她是一个叫玛丽的女孩。 She is a girl who is called Mary.
解析：答案A 先行词her trousers在 定语从句中作状语，故用关系副词 where。
5. Stephen Hawking believes that the
earth is unlikely to be the only planet
______life has developed gradually.
2、This is the very book __I’m looking 2.当先行词前面有only.any.few. little.no.all. for. very等词修饰时 3、This is the best __has been used 3.当先行词是形容词最高级或它的前面有形 against pollution. 容词最高级修饰时 4、What is the first American film 4.当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时 __you have seen? 5、I know the things and persons__he referred to. 6、Which is the bike__you lost? 7、They secretly built up a small factory which produced things__could cause pollution 5.当先行词既有人又有物时 6.当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时 7.有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用 which，另外一个宜用that
二.使用关系副词应注意下列几点：
1. 这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于 一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： 1）I still remember the days when on which ) I worked with you. (=＿＿＿＿＿＿ in which ) 2）The office where (=＿＿＿＿＿ he works is on the third floor.
3、关系代词的用法
关系代词 指代 that which who whom 所做成分 是否可省略 人；物 主语，宾语 作宾语可省
物
人
人
人；物
主语；宾语 作宾语可省 主语 不可省 宾语 作宾语可省
定语 不可省
whose
4、关系副词
关系副词 when
where why
是否可 指代 所做成分 省略 时间
A. which C. that B. where D. whose
填空：
whose name is Pochi. 1. Look at that lady ______
2. She is a teacher whom/that _________ I like very much. which/that 3. Those pictures _________ were drawn by Tom are nice. who 4. Those _____will go to the park stay here. that 5. That was all the money ______I had.
1.This is the hero ____whom we are proud. A. in B. for C. of D. at 2. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help. A. to that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
6.Is there anything else_____you want? A.which B.that C.who D.what
7. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those ____ in the forest. A. once the grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew.
1. The man ______ who/whom I saw told me to wait. whom I spoke was a 2. The man to _____ foreigner. whose father is an 3. I know a boy ______ acrobat. (杂技演员) 4. He saw a house whose _____ windows were all broken.
8. I don’t like ____ you speak to her.
A. the way B. in that
C. the way which D. the way of which
填空： 1. Tom is the first boy _____left the room. that 2. Look at the boy and his dog that _____are coming this way. that have. 3. You can read any book _____I
be proud of ; turn to sb. for help 根据从句中谓语动词的固定搭配来 判断
4.非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的 一部分时，可用“数词/代词 + of + 关 系代词”的结构，如： e.g. There are 50 students in our class, ______________ two-thirds of whom (2/3的人) have been to Beijing.
5. whose从句可转换为“ of +关系代 词”型，如： e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south. They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south.
6.That was the year when _____I went to America.
注意事项
一、 只用that的情况
1、Do you have anything __you want to say for yourself?
1.当先行词是不定代词all much.little.somethin everything.anything.nothing.none.the one时
They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.
三、当先行词是case, point，situation,
condition,stage,position等表示抽象的地 方、地步、条件、形势、环境、地位等含义 的名词时，我们通常使用关系副词where。 There are cases_______he gets angry. A.which B.that C源自文库in that D.where 解析：他也有生气的时候。
关系副词：when, where，why
2、定语从句的位置 定语从句一定放在被修饰成分/先行 词之后。 e.g. This is the car that he bought last year. 先行词 定语从句
Do you know the man?
He spoke just now. Do you know the man who spoke just now?