Tess of the D’Urbervilles(英美文选)
Tess of the D 2
Tess of the D’Urbervilles“Tess of the D’Urbervilles” is regarded as one of Thomas Hardy’s most famous masterpieces in the world. I was deeply impressed by the story: the poor girl ---Tess has to work in order to support her family. It describes a pure and beautiful girl's unfortunate fate. The rich and guileful Alec manages to seduce the girl and make her pregnant. This shame let her lose the right of the true love, and the wedding night she is abandoned by her husband when she has courage to love. Later, she back to the young master arms with hopeless. When her husband back, and struggling to find his true love, Tess killed the d’Urbervilles resolutely. After a short time with her husband together, she stepped on the gallows. It is such a heartbro ken story that I couldn’t help thinking about it for several days.Tess has a strong sense of responsibility and great courage. That are the most I appreciate. No matter how disaster she faced, she could calm down deal with it. In recent society, she would be an outstanding and successful woman.At the beginning of the novel, Tess blamed herself that she had not returned home sooner, to help her mother in these domesticities, instead of indulging herself out-of-doors. So we know she is laborious and responsible girl. When the horse died, she regarded herself in the light of a murderess. She felt guilty because she thought her killed the horse and dragged her parents into a quagmire. Therefore when her mother suggested her go to Mrs.d’Urberville and ask for some help in their trouble. Although Tess shouldn’t care to do that but no choice she must to find some jobs to earn money and support her poor family. In fact, Tess never put her family for behind at any time. No matter where she worked she tried her best to do and sent most of her wage to home. Even when Angel left or mailed her money she also shared them with her family. Finally she had to back to Alec because her family in trouble. At the end of novel, Tess didn’t forget her family. She asked Angel to look after `Liza-lu and marry her. Though the whole novel, Tess never gave up her responsibility of her family. She was exactly the one who devoted herself to the family. After she was raped by Alec, she wasn’t afraid and went home angrily. Although her mother told her that she should marry him as other woman, Tess said no because she didn’t love her. She was a brave woman and could pursue her true love regardless of common customs when she gave birth to a baby; she was painful and named the baby Sorrow just like her fate. There had been much gossip in the small village because of her pregnancy and people in the village looked down on her. Unfortunately, the baby died before long it birthed. And form then on, Tess’s life was doomed to be a tragedy. W e all couldn’t imagine how miserable she suffered. She not only lost her chastity but also lost her baby. She suffered a great humiliation in vain. She has great courage to overcome all this suffering.However, she managed to recover from all these and decided to begin a new life at a distant dairy farm. She left home because her need courage and quite heart recover from the disaster. So she came to the Valley of the Great Dairies. She met Angel Clare at there and they fall in love with each other. When Angel asked to marry her, she was paradoxical and wanted to tell him her past. But her mother stopped her from telling him. She thought lovers should be honest with each other. At the night of their wedding day, they confessed each other’s past. Tess took courage to tell him her past finally. Tess forgave him but Angel didn’t accept her and left her to Brazil. She was very sad because Angel couldn’t forgive and understand her. Although Angel abandoned her, she also overcame her sorrow. She tried to hide the fact and said that Angel just left for working. She just ignored the pain of him leaving and waiting him back. How brave she is.When Angel came back, he had forgave her past and wanted to continue. But Tess had gotten to Alec’s arms already when Angel met her. His love gave her strength to kill d’Urbervilles. What great courage to kill a person, but Tess done. In her opinion, Alec had come between them and ruined them. So he should be punished. To be a strong hearted from a innocent girl and we know Tess suffered a lot. No matter how weak she used to be, at last the strength of her affection for Angel gave her enough courage to kill the evil man.In fact, I learned a lot from this novel. But Tess’s responsibility and courage was the most influent part on me. In my view, we should think more about Tess when we are in trouble. What she had done when she faced the great disaster in her life. If we all have more responsibility of our behavior and could have enough courage to face difficulty, our life will be more harmonious and happy.。
Tess of the D'Urbervilles(德伯家的苔丝)
Tess of the D’UrbervillesTess of the D’Urbervilles is Thomas Hardy’s most famous novel. The heroine, Tess, is figured with pure and beauty. She was born in a poor village family. One day, her father knows that he is the offspring of the D’Urbervilles, an old aristocratic family. Persuaded by her mother, Tess goes to claim kindred with a prosperous D’Urbervilles family. Unfortunately, she is seduced by Alec，the son in that pseudo D’Urbervilles family, and conceived a child. After giving birth to a child who dies in infancy, Tess leaves home and works at a diary farm. She meets Angel, son of a clergyman, at there. They fall in love with each other, and then they get married. On their wedding night, Tess tells Angel the suffering about what Alec do to her. After hearing Tess’confession, Angel leaves her for Brazil mercilessly. Privation forces Tess to work at a farm. She becomes weak and sick. At that time, Tess meets Alec again. Alec becomes a pastor. Tess’beauty had quite turned his head. So he tries to woo Tess, despite his faith and duty. Her father’s death and the family change impel Tess to ask Alec for help. So she becomes Alec’s mistress. When Angel comes back to make up with Tess, she is so sorrowful. Her remorse and resentment drive her to kill Alec. In the end, Tess is arrested, and hanged. Just like the book said: “The gods had finished playing with Tess.” Tragedy comes to an end.Tess of the D’Urbervilles is a novel which revealing the consciousness of feminism. And Tess is a girl filling with spirit of resistance in English Victorian age. At that time, women had little social status and were regarded as inferior than men. When Tess is no longer virginal, she is the only one suffering blame. But the real guilty man, Alec, is free from criticism. People are likely to pin the blame on women.A cynic like Angel is no exception. The prejudice to female makes him abandon Tess, despite his making the same mistake as Alec and Tess. It is obviously unequal, let alone Tess is forced.But Tess has high self-esteem. Although she is not a nobleman, she has the noble personalities.After Alec seduces her, she can live affluently life by being Alec’s wife. But shedoesn’t subdue herself to marry a man whom she dislikes. She would rather live in village relying on her own efforts. Even if Tess loses her virginity, the essence of her spirit is still pure and immaculate.In the whole novel Tess of the D’Urbervilles, Thomas Hardy focuses on Tess’downfall. Her parent’s indifference, husband’s abandoned and evil deceptions ruin her life. She is considered as a criminal woman. However, under Thomas Hardy’s pen, Tess is not a sinner but a pure woman who has self-respect, fortitudinous, brave self-sacrifice and independent. She is the daughter of nature. Her noble personalities get the better of the others. Thomas Hardy shows his respect to Tess, at the same time, he shows his sympathy to all the women in the real life. This impure society, argues Hardy,” punishes the honest and the conscientious.” It is the awareness of feminism. His Tess inspirits women to win their rights. Her tragedy strongly accuses that evil capitalist society.。
Tess of the D’Urbervilles(英美文选)
苔丝的悲剧与她生命中的两个男人息息相关,一个是诱奸她 的亚雷· 德伯;一个是抛弃她的安琪· 克莱尔。亚雷· 德伯在苔丝眼 里就是“撒旦”,是魔鬼的象征,他就是毁灭苔丝终身幸福的罪魁 祸首。他第一次看见苔丝,就垂涎她超凡脱俗的美貌。亚雷· 德伯 对苔丝的纠缠玩弄代表了资产阶级恶势力对农民阶级的蹂躏。 安琪· 克莱尔是苔丝心目中的“天使”,苔丝很早就对他产生了爱 慕之情,但是安琪· 克莱尔表面上“具有一定的开明思想”,其实 并没有真正摆脱旧道德偏见的束缚,“一旦事出非常”,那种以男 性为中心的旧道德观念就使他成为“成见习俗的奴隶”。如果 说亚雷· 德伯从肉体上毁了苔丝,让她成为一名“不贞洁”的女人, 那么,安琪· 克莱尔则从精神上给了苔丝致命的一击,让她对生活 失去了希望。安琪· 克莱尔对苔丝的抛弃则表现了资产阶级的传 统道德观念对她的迫害。克莱尔在本质上也是男权社会的化身, 他和亚雷· 德伯共同摧毁了苔丝。
哈代的系列小说总题名，包括14部小说。威塞克斯 是哈代家乡的古地名，哈代用威塞克斯的同一背景把多 部小说联成一体。全部作品分为三大类，“罗曼史和幻 想”、“爱情阴谋小说”、“性格和环境小说”。主要 内容是描写19世纪后半期英国宗法制农村社会的衰亡， 表现下层人民的悲惨命运。 哈代的“性格和环境小说”，表现出作者对造成威塞 克斯社会和威塞克斯人悲剧命运的探讨。经历了“命运 悲剧——性格悲剧——社会悲剧”的发展过程。代表作 是《德伯家的苔丝》。他这些小说展示了英国农村的恬 静景象。
人物性格分析： Tess : an innocent country girl brought up with the traditional idea of womanly virtues , suffers the poverty and denunciation of the society . In most people ′eyes , Tess is a bad woman without morality , she is a mistress , a criminal . Maybe the whole life of Tess is ended up with tragedy , but her brave to the evil , persistent to the truth ， pursue to her love represent she is the model of modern time . To Hardy , Tess is the daughter of nature , she mixes the pure with resolute . Although Tess is hanged at the end , she is lucky because she is free from this earthly world . No one can be the perfect one , the weakness of Tess makes her a real person , which is showed vividly before us . Key words : nature , pure , brave , weakness , rebel.
Tess-of-the-D'Urbervilles
Tess of the d'Urbervilles:A Pure Woman Faithfully PresentedAbout the authorThomas Hardy, (2 June 1840 –11 January 1928) was an English novelist and poet. A Victorian realist, in the tradition of George Eliot, he was also influenced both in his novels and poetry by Romanticism, especially by William Wordsworth. Charles Dickens is another important influence on Thomas Hardy. Like Dickens, he was also highly critical of much in Victorian society, though Hardy focused more on a declining rural society.Writing featuresHardy’s writing features lie in his determinist stance on the nature of life and the cosmos, his sharp sense of the humorous and absurd and his love and observation of the natural world with strong symbolic effect. He deviates consciously from traditional Victorian realism that emphasizes plot more than characterization. It is definitely to his credit that he manages to bring back to fiction a high sense of tragedy, the Greek sense of fatality. What’s more, Hardy places emphasis on the deeper psychology of his characters. Hardy’s language possesses a silent power and charm.Tess of the D’UrbervillesTess of the d'Urbervilles: A Pure Woman Faithfully Presented, also known as Tess of the d'Urbervilles: A Pure Woman, Tess of the d'Urbervilles or just Tess, is a novel by Thomas Hardy, first published in 1891. It initially appeared in a censored and serialized version, published by the British illustrated newspaper, The Graphic. Though now considered an important work of English literature, the book received mixed reviews when it first appeared, in part because it challenged the sexual mores of Hardy's day. The original manuscript is on display at the British Library, showing that it was originally titled "Daughter of the d'Urbervilles."The story is about the tragic fate of Tess. Tess, sent by her parents to claim kindred with a more prosperous branch of the D’Urbervilles family is cunningly seduced by Alec, whose parents bear the name of D’Urbervilles, and has to return home in disg race. Tess gives a birth to a child, which dies after an improvised midnight baptism by its mother. Later, while working as a dairymaid in Talbothays in a beautiful summer, she becomes blissfully engaged to Angel Clare, a clergyman’s son. On their wedding night she confesses to him the seduction by Alec; and Angel although himself no innocent, cruelly and hypocritically abandons her. Misfortunes come in battalions. Tess’s father dies and her family isexpelled from their cottage. To support her family, Tess is driven back to Alec, who has become an itinerant preacher, but his temporary religious conversion does not prevent him from persistently pursuing her. Clare, returning from Brazil and repenting of his harshness, finds her living with Alec. Maddened by his second wrong that has been done her by Alec, Tess stabs and kills him to liberate herself. After a brief halcyon period of concealment with Clare in the New Forest, Tess is arrested at Stonehenge, tired, and hanged.ThemesAche of modernismHardy's writing often illustrates the "ache of modernism", and this theme is notable in Tess, which portrays "the energy of traditional ways and the strength of the forces that are destroying them". Hardy describes modern farm machinery with infernal imagery; also, at the dairy, he notes that the milk sent to the city must be watered down because the townspeople cannot stomach whole milk. Angel's middle-class fastidiousness makes him reject Tess, a woman whom Hardy often portrays as a sort of Wessex Eve, in harmony with the natural world. When he parts from her and goes to Brazil, the handsome young man gets so ill that he is reduced to a "mere yellow skeleton". All these instances are typically interpreted as indications of the negative consequences of man's separation from nature,both in the creation of destructive machinery and in the inability to rejoice in pure nature.The sexual double standardAnother important theme of the novel is the sexual double standard to which Tess falls victim; despite being, in Hardy's view, a truly good woman, she is despised by society after losing her virginity before marriage. Hardy plays the role of Tess's only true friend and advocate, pointedly subtitling the book "a pure woman faithfully presented" and prefacing it with Shakespeare's words from The Two Gentlemen of Verona: "Poor wounded name! My bosom as a bed/ shall lodge thee." However, although Hardy clearly means to criticize Victorian notions of female purity, the double standard also makes the heroine's tragedy possible, and thus serves as a mechanism of Tess's broader fate. Hardy variously hints that Tess must suffer either to atone for the misdeeds of her ancestors, or to provide temporary amusement for the gods, or because she possesses some small but lethal character flaw inherited from the ancient clan.Human sacrifice ·SymbolismFrom numerous pagan and neo-Biblical references made about her, Tess has been viewed variously as an Earth goddess or as a sacrificial victim.Early in the novel, she participates in a festival for Ceres, the goddess of the harvest, and when she performs a baptism she chooses a passage from Genesis, the book of creation, over more traditional New Testament verses. At the end, when Te··ss and Angel come to Stonehenge, commonly believed in Hardy's time to be a pagan temple, she willingly lies down on an altar, thus fulfilling her destiny as a human sacrifice.This symbolism may help explain Tess as a personification of nature –lovely, fecund, and exploitable –while animal imagery throughout the novel strengthens the association. Examples are numerous: Tess's misfortunes begin when she falls asleep while driving Prince to market, thus causing the horse's death; at Trantridge, she becomes a poultry-keeper; she and Angel falls in love amid cows in the fertile Froom valley; and on the road to Flintcombe-Ashe, she kills some wounded pheasants to end their suffering. In any event, Tess emerges as a character not because of this symbolism but because "Hardy's feelings for Tess were strong, perhaps stronger than for any of his other invented personages".My understandingThe story reveals the spirit of determinist defeatism and enforces its shibboleth of predestination, and no amount of human effort can alter itsdesign of darkness. Tess is a paragon of innocence. What she asks for life is simple enough: to be loved and happy. But she does not get it because she is at the mercies of the odds against her. Two men must appear in her life to confuse and distract her. One is totally evil; the other apparently good. The two both serve as the instruments of Chance. So many coincidences occur in Tess’ life that the hand of Chance is in evidence wherever she goes.I think the factors responsible for Tess’s suffering are complex. On the one hand, the hypocritical morality of the bourgeois society caused Tes s’s tragic life. On the other hand Tess’ the weak character is also caused her tragic life.The novel ends with the death of the heroine. Thomas Hardy emphasizes the inevitability of death. Although Hardy try to explain them is fortune of his characters from the viewpoint of the unseen but potential fate, his characterizationandtruth2ful representation of the lives of his characters reveal that their misfortune is evidently determined by the objective factors.Tess’ life is closely linked with the world about her. Tess’ pain, Hardy shows in many different way show herlifewasde2terminedonlypartlybyher own efforts, and how much it depends upon the pressure of things over which she had no control. To a larger extent, the bourgeois society should assume much more responsibility for Tess’ miserable death.Tess’ tragedy was as a result of action of other people or as a result of the social convention and laws. Yet in the novel Tess herself could have changed the course of events. Her pride and submission was also added to her tragedy. In the sight of the world, she was condemned; she was a fallen woman and finally a murderer. And yet, allowing for the society in which she exits one was never tempted to laugh at her or to censure her. As a matter of fact, the poor girl is ruined by the external forces, which should be responsible for her tragedy. Tess was a woman with good nature as suggested by the subtitle of the novel: A Pure woman. Her sweet- nature mind, innocence, simplicity and diligence could not prevent her from being ruined in the circumstances of bourgeois society; she was the victim the hypocritical moral of the capitalist society, the doomed tragic figure, and the innocent lamb that must bleed for the supposed good of the useless sacrifice.All in all, Tess was the totally feminine victim caught in a wed of tragedy. The pressure of various kinds upon her was extremely powerful and hadjust been created by nature and tortured by the real world. The real responsible for her tragedy life, is the wicked nature, and hypocritical morality of the bourgeois society. Tess really a victim of bourgeois morality and social injustice was destroyed by a society, which cannot be sufficient to allow a courageous and even heroic person to exist happily.This novel is a mirror for the spirit of the time. Hardy describes his critical attitude towards the unjust treatment of women and his denunciation of the hypocrisy of the social structures and moral codes of Victorian England.References[1] Thomas Hardy, Tess of The D’URBERVILIES [M]Xi’an; xinjie Press, 2000[2] ChenJia, SELECTED READING IN ENGLISH LITERATURE(V olum2)[M] Beijing; The Commercial Press,2000[3] LiuBingshan, AHOORT HISTORYOF ENGLISH LITERATURE [M] Zhengzhou; He’nan People’s Publishing House。
德伯家的苔丝Tessofthed’Urbervilles英文读书报告经典
德伯家的苔丝Tessofthed’Urbervilles英文读书报告经典Tess of the d’UrbervillesIn Tess of the d’Urbervilles, Thomas Hardy has directly satirized nature. This novel revealed the tragedy of lower classes’ destiny and flayed hypocritical gentlemen and morals. In this novel, Hardy demonstrated his deep sense of moral sympathy for England’s lower classes, particularly for women. The novel, which indicated the tendency of anti-religious sentiments, against feudal morality and the laws of capitalists, was warmly received by the reading public though British upper class was bitter against it.In the novel, Thomas Hardy succeeded in portraying an artistic image- Tess. There were sensitivity and beauty to her that have nothing to do with looks. Her beauty is not kind of stunning beauty, but the more you approach to her, you will be more likely to indulge in her beauty. Although she is not an orthodox believer, she has her own pure pursuits of life and living criteria. Her integrated image of kindness and tenderness, tough-minded and plainness should own her a happy life. But it seems that God leaves her out.Alec in the novel is the son of a Manor owner, being dissolute and flirtatious in conduct; however, generally, he is not essentially a bad man. His strong desire to Tess is out of a sort of inherently desire and desire for possession.It’s very normal for such a young man.But he adopts a wrong way-he abducts Tess. He would like to take a part of responsibility of his behavior but Tess turn down his suggestion without hesitation. Tess’s self-respect can’t allow herself bend down to harm. Such a pure girl, should be so strong-mind to bear neighbor’s discrimination andsecular pressure and to take the consequences by herself. She has never asked Alec for help even when she is driven to the last ditch.Finally, Tess chooses to leave for another village where her past is not known and secures a job as a milkmaid at T albothays Dairy. She escapes from the old environment, meanwhile, prepares to make a new start. She fears a romantic love, at the same time, strongly looks forward to it. Anyway, she is only 21years old, she has the right to enjoy the pleasure that love can bring to her.There, she re-encounters Angel Clare who is eager for nature and full of dreams, is Tess’s Prince Charming, one of unfinished dreams in her girlhood. As for Angel Clare, Tess is part of his persistent vision. What he wants is a pure girlto be his wife. Such a match made in heaven will certainly wipe out spark of love.However, the process of their love is filled with difficulties and hardship. Tess, who is pure in mind, is tightly tided by worldly views so that she thinks she can’t marry to Clare for her unclean body. All the time she is hesitating about, bearing a keen pressure of sentiment and intellect, weather should her tell Angel about her past without reserve.The pain that Angel suffers in the pursuit of T ess is far away from Tess’s inner struggle. She could not confessto her lover for being terrified of losing him. And she could not give up the happiness within her grasp to refuse Clare against her will.At their wedding night, Angel confesses that he once had a brief affair with an older woman. When she hears this story, Tess feels sure that Angel will forgive her own indiscretion, and finally tells about her relationship with Alec. But things go contrary to her wishes. Angel, however, is appalled by Tess’s confession. His love to Tess is based on the sky garden of pure tower. Once the base is deprived, his love will collapse. His love is too fragile andvulnerable.Finally, he leaves for Brazil, leaving T ess alone, no messages, no letters and never back again. Tess has waiting for him eight years but can’t win back his hearts. When he realizes his heart, everything is too late. Tess has married to Alec after a long hopeless waiting. Afterwards, when Angel back, on the one hand, Tess felt happy, for her long waiting has come to an end. But on the other hand, she was more distressful and could not control her abhor to Alec. Thus, she killed the man who had destroyed her life.Though, Tess and Angel have spent the five happy days, her life is ended in revenge for love. But she is quiet when she faces the people coming to arrest her. She sa ys,”I was ready.”I know that Tess is happy at the last moment of her life. Because it’s her hope to be with the man who she loves sincerely and there is no need for her to worry about Angel’s despise.Tess, such a pretty and virtuous girl, should have led a happy and peaceful life, but God, “the president of the moral” plays a joke on her. The real tragedy is to display the process of ruining the perfection. Tess’s fate is a good representation.。
苔丝读后感英文
苔丝读后感英文Introduction:Tess of the d'Urbervilles is a brilliant novel written by Thomas Hardy, which explores the struggles faced by a young woman named Tess. Set in rural England in the late 19th century, the story follows Tess's journey through poverty, love, and tragic circumstances. By analyzing the social norms and values during that time, Hardy presents a poignant critique of Victorian society. In this essay, I will discuss the themes, characters, and social criticisms presented in Tess of the d'Urbervilles.Themes:1. Fate and Determinism: Tess is constantly at the mercy of her circumstances. From the very beginning, it becomes clear that her fate is predetermined. Hardy uses different events, such as the discovery of her noble heritage and her unfortunate encounter with Alecd'Urberville, to show how Tess's decisions and choices are influenced by forces beyond her control. The author delves into the idea that individuals have little power over their own destinies, highlighting the injustice faced by Tess.2. Gender and Sexuality: Tess's struggles are predominantly shaped by her gender and sexuality. The novel exposes the double standards of Victorian society by exploring the consequences of Tess's sexual encounter with Alec. While Alec is able to move on without facing any repercussions, Tess is left to bear the shame and societal scorn. Hardy highlights the hypocrisy and injustice of society's attitudes towards women and sexuality, portraying Tess as a victim of such restrictive ideologies.Characters:1. Tess Durbeyfield: Tess is the epitome of innocent purity. Her strength lies in her perseverance and resilience in the face of adversity. Despite her beauty, she is treated poorly by society due to her low social status. As the novel progresses, Tess becomes more self-aware and begins to question the society that deems her unworthy. Her tragic end portrays the inevitable outcomes of a patriarchal society that continues to victimize women.2. Angel Clare: Angel represents the idealistic, progressive youth of the Victorian era. He comes from a more enlightened background, and his views challenge the traditional norms. However, despite his seemingly liberal perspective, Angel still struggles with societal expectations and the pressures placed upon him. His treatment of Tess reflects the hypocrisy of the era's supposed progressiveness, as he rejects and judges her when he discovers her past.Social Criticisms:1. Class Divide: Tess's journey through different social classes reveals the stark contrast between the privileged and the working class. Hardy examines the inequalities of Victoriansociety and the limitations it places on individuals' opportunities for social mobility. Tess's aspirations to move up in life are constantly thwarted by the rigid social hierarchy, further highlighting the injustices faced by the lower classes.2. Hypocrisy of Morality: The novel exposes the hypocrisy and moral contradictions of Victorian society. While claiming to be righteous and pure, the upper classes perpetuate injustice and moral depravity without facing any consequences. The church and religious institutions, which were meant to guide society, are depicted as impotent, unable or unwilling to help those in need.Conclusion:Tess of the d'Urbervilles is a profound and impactful novel that explores the struggles of a young woman trapped by her circumstances and society’s expectations. Through Tess's tragic journey, Hardy shines a light on the societal injustices and hypocrisies of Victorian England. The novel serves as a timeless critique of the double standards faced by women, the restrictions of class divide, and the inability of institutions to protect the vulnerable. Thomas Hardy's masterpiece remains relevant even today, as it encourages us to question and challenge societal norms, striving for a more just and equal world.。
Tess of the D'Urbervilles苔丝
The Literary style in Tess of the D'UrbervillesTess of the D’Urbervilles is a critical realism novel written during the most prosperous time of Britain. This novel mirrored a common social phenomenon from a unique angle. The author, Thomas Hardy, novelist and poet, is one of the representatives of English critical realism at the turn of 19th century. His works reflected the changed of social economy, political, moral and tradition when the hypocritical bourgeoisie invaded the countries in England.Tess of the D’Urbervilles is a tragic novel. It tells a story about Tess D’Urbervilles, a fresh, pretty country girl. Born in a poor family, Tess is ordered to visit their ‘relatives’to look for some help. But her cousin, Alec D’Urbervilles seduces her. Without financial support, she has to leave home and goes to a distant farm, where she meets Angel Claire. They fall in love and get married soon. Tess told Angel her miserable experience to beg for forgiveness, but Angel leaves her in disgust. With no place to stay, she has to live with Alec. When Angel comes back in regret, Tess can not hold her anger and kills Alec. In the end, she is arrested and hanged.This is one of the best works of Hardy. The hardships that Tess faces in her life and the double standards of society by which shi is measured find resonance even today. I’m drawn to the plot and the characters in such a way that we sympathize with Tess, are angered by Angel and abhor Alec and feel their tribulations like our own. We can think a lot from this story. Alec is not the only reason that should account for her tragic life. It is the social condition that caused this tragedy. Tess faces not only poor economic conditions, but also secular bias and moral hypocrisy of the religious persecution. Angel Claire, who represents the hypocrisy, causes her sufferings. Finally, she loses her confidence to live and becomes a victim of bourgeois morality. It also described the miserable living conditions of the workers lived in bourgeois farms. The story is based on the real life of poor families during 19th century, the Victoria era. With the booming of industry and the national strength, plenty of social contradictions were becoming more and more serious. In this complex social context, the mainstream of British literature is critical realism novels. Writers like Thomas Hardy, Charles Dickens, Jane Austen are representing writers during this period.In Thomas Hardy’s works, he described the main characters’the struggles, ambitions, pursuits of their dreams during their lives. The conflicts between human beings and the environment make it thought-provoking and philosophical for us to read. These works reflected the advanced ideas and challenged the old customs and systems. Other writers in 19th century like Charles Dickens, place an emphasis on the ‘underclass’in his works. On the one hand, he revealed the hypocrisy, greed and cruelty of the upper class. On the other hand, he displayed sympathy and appreciation to people in the bottom of the society, especially women and children. And some women writers begin to play an important role in the literature world, such as three sisters of Bronte. Their literary works have become world classics in modern days.Above all, the literary style in Tess of the D'Urbervilles represents the style of that period. We can sum up the literary style in this period. They reveal the ruthlessexploitation and political dishonesty to workers by capitalists, describe struggles and attempts of nobody. Their novels contain humanitarian inclination. The gloomy style stories always end up with a tragic ending, which make us think of it for a long time.。
Tess of The D'Urbervilles德伯家的苔丝
Tess of The D'UrbervillesThomas Hardy,the author of Tess of The D'Urbervilles,was one of the excellent novelist of the nineteenth century.Since he was a realistic author,Tess of The D'Urbervilles reflected his real society.This book described a charm of the tragic fate of the poor girl-Tess.She was the eldest daughter of a poor rural working family and looked markedly more mature than she was.Because of the parents' requirement,Tess came to the D'Urbervilles and met Alec Stoke D'Urbervilles.For the beauty of Tess,Alec pretended to help Tess and made her fed chickens in his manor.Three months later,he raped Tess .Tess was hate him and came back home,but she was pregnant and gave birth to a baby ,died for illness unfortunately.After going through a difficult period,Tess decided to start again and made another journey away from home.She came to a milk farm,while met her true love-Angel Clare.He was the son of a clergyman,but he was a freethinker and fallen in love with Tess.Soon,they got married.After wedding,they confessed their pasts to each other,and Tess forgave Angel's for his past indiscretions.But Angel could not put up with Tess for having a child with another man.So Angel abandoned Tess ,went to the Brazil on his own and Tess had to go back home.Because of her father's suddenly death and mother's bad body,the family had no house to live.Tess had no other choice only to a farm to drudge.While unfortunately,Alec appeared again in a minister.Alec entangled Tess constantly and persuaded her to see the reality in her relationship with Angle.For the family exited,Tess had to become Alec's mistress.In the other hand,Angle Clare went through a difficult experience in Brazil and returned from Brazil to look for Tess.Through the psychological struggle,Tess killed Alec and found Angle in the train.During the escaping life with Angle,they had a very happy couple life.But still could not change,Tess was arrested finally and died.Tess could be a happy girl though her family was very poor. But “noble, status, and money” were strongly in her father’s mind, just because of the discovery that a parson said to him. Without their horse’s carrying load, life became rather difficult. Tess blamed herself completely, and she wondered what she could help her parents. Then T ess obeyed her mother’s idea, to work at the D’Urberville’s home.After reading this book,it gives me great impression.There is no doubt that the tragedy of Tess, firstly is the social tragedy.In that age,Tess lived in the bottom of the society.She was very simple and wanted a simple life with her true love,but she had no power to defenseherself.Therefore she lost her purity.In other words,Angle also did a wrong thing and it even more serious than Tess's crime.Tess had owned the traditional virtue and the spirit of selfless dedication.The same,she was the victim of law.But perhaps no love,no hatred,no dignity,death was the best way for Tess to extricate herself.Tess did not make any mistakes,but at last, she born all punishments and sufferings.What we cay is that all the panic of Tess comes from the unfair society.To be honest,this book is really worth reading.It gives me great influence.。
(完整word版)英国文学选读 课后习题
Thomas HardyTess of the D’Urbervilles1.How does Tess react to Clare’s suggestion that they should leave theirshelter?Why?She showed a strange unwillingness to move. Because she doesn’t want to put an end to all that’s sweet and lovely peacefulness and affection.2.What is the significance of Tess resting on an altar in the heathen temple?1）She is the sacrifice of the social conventions and prejudice which society has placed upon her2）In Hardy's eyes, she is the epitome of the purity of women, as pure as the sacrifices which are placed upon the altar.3）She knows the fate which is about to befall upon her, just as the sacrifices on the altar, inescapable death.4）Her death is caused by human hypocrisy and foolishness, similar to that of a sacrifice.5）At the end, the only place which can accept her for who she is is death and sacrifice.6）Biblical allusion. Parallel to phrase the first, when Abraham and her where on the carriage. Similar to the biblical story where Abraham was to sacrifice his son, the family sacrificed Tess.3. Comment on this sentence:“Justice’ was done,and the President of thelmmortals(in Aeschyleanphrase )had ended his sport with Tess”.In what sense is Tess’ s tory tragic?(1)Tess is a typical victim of the society. Poverty of the family, inhumanity, injustice andhypocrisy of the society decide her tragedy. The two men—the one who takes away her virginity and purity, the other who takes away her love but deserts her on the very weding night—though apparent rivals, join their forces in bringing about her final destruction.Hers is a personal tragedy; it can also be a social one.(2)The tragic fate of Tess and her family was not that of an individual family, but it was symbolic of the disintegration of the English peasantry--- a process which had reached its final and tragic stage at the end of 19th centuryJames Joyce Araby P1711.What is the significance of the title of the story?1. Araby is “a splendid bazaar” where Mangan’s sister recommends the boy to go. Thereafter the boy’s imagination seizes upon the name Araby and invests its syllables with “an Eastern enchantment” in which his “soul luxuriates”2. Araby becomes a place where his soul can find the mystical beauty lacking in his own mundane Church.3. The boy feels a summons that has symbolic over-tones of a holy crusade.But when he arrives, Araby , the dream new world for the boy ,turned out to be “darkness” and “silence”. His idealized vision of Araby is destroyed, along with his idealized vision of Mangan’s sister, and of love.2.Chief qualities of the boy’s character?The boy is a natural character with which to begin a book because he possesses so many qualities attractive to readers. First, he is sensitive — sensitive enough to experience a wide range of feelings in spite of his tender age, including apparently contradictory combinations like fear and longing (at the end of the story's first paragraph), anger and puzzlement (while falling asleep), and, especially, "a sensation of freedom" in response to his mentor's passing that surprises him and us. "I found it strange," the narrator says, "that neither I nor the day seemed in a mourning mood."Second, he is intelligent — and not merely in the conventional sense of the word. Sure, he is brainy enough to absorb much of the arcane information shared with him by the priest. (It makes sense that he has grown into the articulate storyteller who shares the tale of Father Flynn's influence upon him.) But the protagonist of "The Sisters" also possesses an intuitive understanding of how other human beings feel, think, and act —emotional intelligence, you might call it.It is no surprise that a boy so sensitive, so intelligent, would find himself somewhat alienated from others — cut off, fundamentally, from his family and peers. He appears to lack altogether a connection with his uncle, much less Old Cotter, and it is said that he rarely plays "with young lads of his own age." Even when he is in the company of his aunt and the priest's sisters near story's end, the reader's main sense of the boy is that he is alone.The school boy, in the story 'Araby", is the narrator of the story. He has not yet attained majority and is by nature bashful. He lived alone with his auntie and uncle and knew a few play-mates with whom he played in the street. Mangan's sister was perhaps only girl who lived in his neighborhood. He started appreciating her figure and dress without actually realizing that he had grown to like her. Being preadolescent person he had not become conscious that such a passion is just natural and it does not call for apology or regrets.If he had expressed his noble feeling of love for the girl he might have been able to overcome his bashfulness. Once he hesitated in expressing his sentiments, he developed an inhibition with the result that he was never able to make his feelings known to her. He went worshipping her silently. By chance, she happened to talk to him, he felt confused and did not know how to express himself. His desire to visit Araby became an obsession for him and he made up his mind to go to the market at the earliest and bring a gift for her. The hour that he reached Araby, was not at all fit for purchasing something really worthwhile. He experienced a sort of bitterness even worse than defeat. Being a lonely person, he is in search of a kindred soul. But lacking self-confidence he is not able to win her, as any other person without inhibition could have done so easily.The boy in the story is so bashful and inept in his relation with Mangan's sister only. He was quite a sociable boy in his own way and was good at studies. His auntie and uncle never discovered any oddity about him. He certainly proved quite helpful when he accompanied his aunt on her shopping trips. After his missed venture with Araby he lost interest in his studies. His teacher stared feeling concerned about him. But he did not know the real reason for this lack of interest in his studies. He is a hardworking and responsible boy and is capable of changing his attitude in keeping with the changingconditions. His unrequited love has proved disappointing experience for him, but certainly it would have made him wiser and more practical in future.3.Is anything gained by the boy through his frustration and humiliation?The boy is initiated into knowledge through a loss of innocenceThe boy worships and desires Mangan’ssister , and Mangan’s sister is the light that contracts to the gloomy reality.But the quest ends when he arrives at the bazaar and realizes with slow, tortured clarity that Araby is not at all what he has imagined. He feels angry and betrayed and realizes his self-deception.The boy is initiated into knowledge through a loss of innocence and fully realizes the incompatibility between the beautiful and innocent world of the imagination and the very real world of fact. So the “quest” is not fruitless, becaus e it helps the narrator come to self-knowledge.D.H. LawrenceThe rocking-horse winnerDoes the house really whisper?No, it is not the house whispers.The expensive and splendid toys, the shining modern rocking horse and the smart doll’s house are the reflection of the parents’ vanity. This couple bought so many expensive things means that they want to have a life of nabobism and a nabobism life means that there must be more money.This phrase was used intentionally to emphasize the theme“greed”Does luck mean money? How do you define luck?No….Who kills Paul?It was the society killed Paul.The development of urban industrialism caused people only care money. At that time,people thought money is everything. So,in the novel, the house whispered and mom emphasized luck so many times. Paul wanted to get his mother’s attention by money which forced him to ride the rocking-horse again and again. Paul was ill and the whole society was ill too.Matthew Arnold Dover BeachForm•Preserves the structure of the Romantic Lyric (Descriptive-Meditative-Descriptive)•“Dover Beach” is a poem with the mournful tone of an elegy and the personal intensity ofa dramatic monologue. Because the meter and rhyme vary from line to line, the poem issaid to be in free verse—that is, it is unencumbered by the strictures of traditional versification. However, there is cadence in the poem, achieved through the following: •Parallel Structure•The tide is full, the moon lies fair (Stanza 1); So various, so beautiful, so new (Stanza 4);•Hath really neither joy, nor love, nor light / Nor certitude, nor peace, nor help for pain (Stanza 4)•Rhyming Words•to-night, light; fair, night-air; stand, land; bay, spray; fling, bring; begin, in (Stanza 1) •Words Suggesting Rhythm•draw back, return; Begin, and cease, then begin again (Stanza 1); turbid ebb and flow (Stanza 2)Figures of Speech•Alliteration:•to-night , tide; full, fair (Lines 1-2); gleams, gone; coast, cliff; long line; which the waves;folds, furled; to-night, tide; full, fair; gleams, gone; coast, cliff (Stanza 1) •Assonance: t ide, l ies;•Paradox and Hyperbole: grating roar of pebbles•Metaphor:•which the waves draw back, and fling (comparison of the waves to an intelligent entity that rejects that which it has captured)•turbid ebb and flow of human misery (comparison of human misery to the ebb and flow of the sea)•The Sea of Faith (comparison of faith to water making up an ocean)breath of the night-wind (comparison of the wind to a living thing)•Simile:•The Sea of Faith . . . lay like the folds of a bright girdle furled (use of like to compare the sea to a girdle)•the world, which seems / To lie before us like a land of dreams (use of like to compare the world to a land of dreams)•Anaphora:•So various, so beautiful, so new (repetition of so)nor love, nor light, / Nor certitude, nor peace, nor help for pain (repetition of nor) ThemeArnold’s central message is this: Challenges to the validity of long-standing theological and moral precepts have shaken the faith of people in God and religion•Decay of orthodox religious beliefs•“Let us be true to one another”: Emphasizes personal connection•Subverts Romantic View of Nature•The underlying theme of the poem is the hollowness of human lives, how everything looks beautiful at face value but is far from it in reality•The superficial calm prevailing in the world is brought out.1.Humanity-----the sea2.Sea-----humanity’s religious faith(ebbing tide is to nature----- loss of faith is to humanity)3.Sea-----land of dreams。
Tess of the D'Urbervilles
单词或短语例句Adjoining 邻近的They stayed in adjoining rooms.他们住的房间紧挨者Rickety 连接处不牢固的，快要散架的A rickety old building.摇摇欲坠的古屋Gait 步态He walked with a rolling gait.他摇摇晃晃地走着Whim 一时的兴致，突然的念头She bought that dress on a whim.她一时冲动买了那件衣服。
Debase 降低质量（地位、价格等）Such unkind action debase you.这种不和善的行为贬低了你自己的人格。
Smack 拍、打、掴She smacked a child’s bottom.她达孩子的屁股。
From pillar to post 四处奔走、到处碰壁Her father changed jobs several times a year,and the family was moved from pillar to post.她的父亲一年换了好几次工作，她的家也跟着搬来搬去。
Extinct 灭绝的，绝种的Dinosaurs have been extinct foe millions of years.恐龙灭绝已经几百年万年了Discretion 慎重，谨慎You must show discretion in choosing your friend.择友时必须慎重Reverie 冥想She was snapped out of her reverie by the sound of the door opening.开门声把她从幻想中惊醒了。
Charge you with 承担、担负I’m charging you with cleaning the room before you go.我要你负责把房间打扫干净再走。
Prostrate 卧倒的，俯卧的，拜倒的She was prostrate on the floor.她俯卧在地板上。
Tess of the D'Urbervill
Tess of the D'urbevilles
Author
Thomas Hardy was a British post-realism, the most distinguished novelists and poets.
Hardy is the most representative he claims to be the character and environment of the novel" of a group of works.
What’s more, the novel was full of rhetorical devices ,such as metaphors ,symbolism and surrealism.
However , in the film , Many plots were actualization, which is also a difference between novel and film.
Main characters
Tess d'Urberville
The protagonist(主人公), the eldest daughter in a poor rural working family,is a fresh, pretty country girl.
Tess-of-the-D’Urbervilles
• Climax: Tess's new husband discovers her earlier seduction by Alec and decides to leave her, going off to Brazil and not answering her letters, and bringing Tess to despair.
Tess
• She is a good-natured girl, when her husband
Men Dominating Women
• One of the recurrent themes of the novel is the way in which men can dominate women, exerting a power over them linked primarily to their maleness.
Phase the Fifth --The Woman Pays (Chap.35)
Confession
Forgiv e
Not Forgive
Angel Clare
As his name—in French, close to “Bright Angel”—suggests, Angel is not quite of this world, but floats above it in a transcendent sphere of his own. The narrator says that Angel shines rather than burns .His moral system is readjusted as he is brought down to Earth. Ironically, it is not the angel who guides the human in this novel, but the human who instructs the angel, although at the cost of her own life.
Tess-of-the-d’Urbervilles--介绍
mainly talk about romantic love stories.
3.NOVELS OF INGENUITY
（机巧和实验小说 ）
Desperate Remedies(1871)《铤而走险》 The Hand of Ethelberta(1876) 《埃塞尔伯塔
Hardy himself divided his novels into three groups:
1)Novels of Character & Environment 2)Novels of Romances & Fantasies 3)Novels of Ingenuity
1.NOVELS OF CHARACTER AND
Tess kills Alec in desperation, she was arrested and hanged. She makes him promise to marry her sister, Liza Lu, after her death, which he agrees to do.
She died in 1912.
Thomas and Emma Hardy resided at Max Gate from 1884 onward.
Desighed by Hardy himself
Second wife
—Hardy’s nurse, companion and fan.
In 1914, Hardy married his secretary Florence Emily Dugdale, who was 39 years his junior.
In Tess of the d'Urbervilles, Thomas Hardy has directly satirized nature. This novel revealed the tragedy of common people’s destiny and flayed hypocritical gentlemen and morals. In this novel, Hardy demonstrated his deep sense of moral sympathy for England's lower classes, particularly for women. He succeeded in portraying an artistic image –a village girl with kindness, tenderness and amorousness. The novel, which indicated the tendency of antireligious sentiments, against feudal morality and the laws of capitalists, was warmly received by the reading public though British upper class was bitter against it.
英美文学欣赏资料-tess of the d'urbervilles
• Phase the First: The Maiden (1–11) • Phase the Second: Maiden No More (12–15) • Phase the Third: The Rally (16–24) • Phase the Fourth: The Consequence (25–34) • Phase the Fifth: The Woman Pays (35–44) • Phase the Sixth: The Convert (45–52) • Phase the Seventh: Fulfilment (53–59)
王俪颖
Tess of the d'Urbervilles
By Thomas Hardy
The introduction of the author
• Thomas Hardy(2 June 1840 – 11 January 1928) was an English novelist and poet. A Victorian realist, in the tradition of George Eliot, he was also influenced both in his novels and poetry by Romanticism, especially by William Wordsworth.Charles Dickens is another important influence on Thomas Hardy.Like Charles Dickens he was also highly critical of much in Victorian society, though Hardy focussed more on a declining rural society. While Hardy wrote poetry throughout his life, and regarded himself primarily as a poet, his first collection was not published until 1898. Initially therefore he gained fame as the author of such novels as Far from the Madding Crowd (1874), The Mayor of Casterbridge (1886), Tess of the d'Urbervilles (1891), and Jude the Obscure (1895). However, since the 1950s Hardy has been recognized as a major poet, and had a significant influence on The Movement poets of the 1950s and 1960s, including Phillip Larkin and Elizabeth Jennings
Tess_of_the_D'urbervilles
Rising action: Tess’s family’s discovery that they are ancient English aristocracy, giving them all fantasies of a higher station in life; Tess’s accidental killing of the family horse, which drives her to seek help from the d’Urbervilles, where she is seduced and dishonored.
About the Quote
This passage is the last paragraph of Chapter 59 at the close of Tess of the agedian Aeschylus’ Prometheus Bound, Prometheus dared to steal fire from the gods for the benefit of men, thus improving human life, but he was punished by eternal agony sent by the president of the gods. Aeschylus’s view of that divine justice was ironic—just as Hardy’s justice is placed in ironic quotation marks—since it seemed deeply unjust to punish Prometheus so severely.
Ending
Tess of The D'Urbervilles Thomas Hardy
A prig would have said that he had lost culture, and a prude that he had become coarse.
道学先生会说他没有教养，假装正经的人会说他举止粗野
When Wordsworth was enthroned they carried a pocket copies,when Shelly was belittled they allowed them to grow dusty on their shelves.When Correggio’s Holy-Families were admired they admired Correggio’s Holy-Families; when he was decried in favour of Velasquez they sedulously followed suit without any personal objection.
你们这一群男女，身着日常的服饰，在我眼里是多么地新奇
The windows smiled, the door coxed and beckoned, the creeper blushed confederacy
窗子在微微含笑，房门在好言劝说，在举手召唤，长春藤也因为暗中同谋而露出了羞愧
A personality within it was so far-reaching in her influence as to spread into and make the bricks, mortar, and whole overhanging sky throb with a burning sensibility
tess of the d'urbervilles原文
tess of the d'urbervilles原文《Tess of the d'Urbervilles》是英国作家托马斯·哈代的一部名著。
这是一部关于一位纯洁无暇，却被命运捉弄的乡村少女苔丝的悲剧性的人生故事。
以下是这本书的一段英语原文：“Phase the First: The Maiden”“I”“On an evening in the latter part of May a middle-aged man was walking homeward from Shaston to the village of Marlott, in the adjoining Vale of Blakemore or Blackmoor. The pair of legs that carried him were rickety, and there was a bias in his gait which inclined him somewhat to the left of a straight line. He occasionally gave a smart nod, as if in confirmation of some opinion, though he was not thinking of anything in particular. An empty egg-basket was slung upon his arm, the nap of his hat was ruffled, a patch being quite worn away at its brim where his thumb came in taking it off. Presently he was met by an elderly parson astride on a gray mare, who, as he rode, hummed a wandering tune.”这段描绘了一位中年男子在五月的一个晚上从Shaston回到Marlott村的情景。
苔丝 Tess-of-d'-Urbervilles
Tess’s life experience
→
A beautiful rural young lady she was seduced by Alec
→
Tess falls in love with Clare and she confesses the past of hes, most of Hardy’s novels are tragic.
Structure
The structure of the novel is based on a cyclical pattern, divided into three parts.
1. The first is a prelude, telling how Tess leaves home and encounters Alec. She is seduced by Alec and comes back home disgraced. This is the first cycle, beginning in May and ending in August.
1. Tess’s ignorant parents 2. Evil and selfish male chauvinists
Ⅲ. Tess’s personal character
Conclusion
In summary, Thomas Hardy reflects some serious problems in his novel---Tess of the D’Urbervilles under the control of the capitalist class. The tragedy of Tess is inevitable under the authority of capitalism. The society environment, family environment and her own characters are the main factors of her tragic fate without any doubt. Therefore, the tragedy of Tess is predestinated.
Tess of the D'Urbervilles(11)
Tess of the D’UrbervillesOnce the club was in the field, dancing began. Some girls started to dance with each other immediately; other just stood around, talking and looking.游行会一进场地，跳舞便立即开始。
有几个姑娘马上互做舞伴，开始跳起来，有一些只是站在四周，边看边说着话儿。
Among this group there were three brothers. They were too well-dressed to be villagers. The oldest was a vicar. The second was obviously a student. It was more difficult to guess the job of the third brother. Probably he was too young to have started anything yet. These three brothers were on a walking holiday in the Vale of Blackmoor. They leant over the gate by the road, and asked someone about the meaning of the club dance. The two older brothers plainly wanted to move on quickly, but the sight of a group of girls dancing without men seemed to amuse the third. He didn’t want to leave in a hurry. So he took off his pack, put it on the grass, and opened the gate.这群人中间，有三个年轻的兄弟。
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Clare :lived in such conditions which the masculine authority played a
n important role in traditional society. Angel Clare was one of the victi ms of this society. Maybe some of his ideas is advanced ,but he still can’t get rid of the shackles of the old moral prejudices.
苔丝的悲剧与她生命中的两个男人息息相关,一个是诱奸她 的亚雷· 德伯;一个是抛弃她的安琪· 克莱尔。亚雷· 德伯在苔丝眼 里就是“撒旦”,是魔鬼的象征,他就是毁灭苔丝终身幸福的罪魁 祸首。他第一次看见苔丝,就垂涎她超凡脱俗的美貌。亚雷· 德伯 对苔丝的纠缠玩弄代表了资产阶级恶势力对农民阶级的蹂躏。 安琪· 克莱尔是苔丝心目中的“天使”,苔丝很早就对他产生了爱 慕之情,但是安琪· 克莱尔表面上“具有一定的开明思想”,其实 并没有真正摆脱旧道德偏见的束缚,“一旦事出非常”,那种以男 性为中心的旧道德观念就使他成为“成见习俗的奴隶”。如果 说亚雷· 德伯从肉体上毁了苔丝,让她成为一名“不贞洁”的女人, 那么,安琪· 克莱尔则从精神上给了苔丝致命的一击,让她对生活 失去了希望。安琪· 克莱尔对苔丝的抛弃则表现了资产阶级的传 统道德观念对她的迫害。克莱尔在本质上也是男权社会的化身, 他和亚雷· 德伯共同摧毁了苔丝。
For several weeks, Tess is overwhelmed by grief and sorrow. Nevertheless, without financial support, Tess has to leave home and goes to work as a dairymaid at a distant farm, where she meets Angel Claire. They have met each other before, and Tess has made a favorable impression on Angel. After Angel persistent pursuit of Tess, the two fall in love and become engaged. Then comes the wedding night, too honest to keep any secret, Tess admits about Alec D’Urbervilles and the child. She begs for forgiveness, but Angel leaves her in disgust. Tess again returns home alone, only find that her family remains impoverished and she even has no place to stay. In the meantime, Alec D’Urbervilles, the evil person appears again. He takes advantage of the Durbeyfields’ poverty and continues to tempt Tess. He promises to support her family, only as a means to make Tess dependent. At the end of hope, the girl jumps into the trap of the shameless man. However, the tragedy has not finished yet. Angel Claire, who is remorseful for his mercilessness, comes back, but to find the cruel reality. And his arrival makes Tess even more desperate. After Angel leaves, she stabs Alec in the heart and kills him. Then she follows Angel and escape with him. They manage to hide for a while in a wood before they come to Stonehenge, where she is arrested. She is hanged later.
人物性格分析： Tess : an innocent country girl brought up with the traditional idea of womanly virtues , suffers the poverty and denunciation of the society . In most people ′eyes , Tess is a bad woman without morality , she is a mistress , a criminal . Maybe the whole life of Tess is ended up with tragedy , but her brave to the evil , persistent to the truth ， pursue to her love represent she is the model of modern time . To Hardy , Tess is the daughter of nature , she mixes the pure with resolute . Although Tess is hanged at the end , she is lucky because she is free from this earthly world . No one can be the perfect one , the weakness of Tess makes her a real person , which is showed vividly before us . Key words : nature , pure , brave , weakness , rebel.
简介：
Tess of the D'Urbervilles is the most famous novel of Thomas
Hardy. Focusing on the tragic experience of its heroine Tess, the plot of story begins. Tess comes from a farmer’s family, the Durbeyfields. She has lived a poor but peaceful life. However, God, “The President of the Immoral” begins to play a cruel joke on this innocent girl. One day her father, John Durbeyfied learns that they are descended from the D’Urbervilles, an ancient family once renowned in England. Tess’s parents are in an ecstasy of delight over the news. Her mother urges Tess to claim kinship with the remaining D’Urbervilles, so that Tess could marry a gentleman. Unwillingly, the girl comes in contact with the Stoke, D’Urbervilles. There she meets Alec D’Urbervilles, who shows off the estate and always seduces her. Having received a job of tending to chickens, Tess stays in the D’Urbervilles. Her tragic life has just begun. Before long the rich and guileful Alec manages to seduce the girl and make her pregnant. Being humiliated and resolute, Tess returns home. Despite the rumors all around, she gives birth to a child, who is called Sorrow but dies soon because of grave illness.
哈代的系列小说总题名，包括14部小说。威塞克斯 是哈代家乡的古地名，哈代用威塞克斯的同一背景把多 部小说联成一体。全部作品分为三大类，“罗曼史和幻 想”、“爱情阴谋小说”、“性格和环境小说”。主要 内容是描写19世纪后半期英国宗法制农村社会的衰亡， 表现下层人民的悲惨命运。 哈代的“性格和环境小说”，表现出作者对造成威塞 克斯社会和威塞克斯人悲剧命运的探讨。经历了“命运 悲剧——性格悲剧——社会悲剧”的发展过程。代表作 是《德伯家的苔丝》。他这些小说展示了英国农村的恬 静景象。
Tess of the D’Urbervilles
Thomas Hardy
Thomas Hardy的创作
长篇小说14部、短篇小和幻想作品”（罗曼史） “机巧和实验小说”（爱情阴谋故事） “性格和环境小说”（最重要的部分）