通州区2018高三一模考试

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高三物理2018通州一模考试试题含答案北京

高三物理2018通州一模考试试题含答案北京

通州2018高三一模考试物理试卷2018年4月第Ⅰ卷 (选择题部分 共48分)一、选择题(每个小题只有一个选项是正确的,共8道小题,每小题6分) 13.关于一定质量的理想气体,下列说法中正确的是 A .气体被压缩,内能一定增加B .气体温度升高,每一个气体分子的动能都增大C .气体的压强是由于大量气体分子频繁撞击器壁产生的D .气体很容易充满整个容器,是因为气体分子之间斥力的作用14.如图所示,一束可见光以入射角θ从玻璃砖射向空气,经折射后分为a 、b 两束单色光。

a 、b 两束光相比,下列说法正确的是 A .玻璃对a 光的折射率小于对b 光的折射率 B .在玻璃中,a 光的速度较大b 光的速度 C .增大入射角θ,b 光首先发生全反射 D .a 光光子的能量大于b 光光子的能量15.一列简谐横波沿x 轴正方向传播,在t 时刻的波形如图所示,此时 P 、Q 两质点分别处于平衡位置和波峰位置。

则在t 时刻,下列说法正确的是 A .质点P 的动能为零 B .质点P 沿y 轴正方向运动 C .质点Q 的速度最大 D .质点Q 的加速度为零16.如图所示,一个矩形线圈在匀强磁场中匀速转动,转动轴与磁场方向垂直,产生交变电动势瞬时值的表达式为30sin100 V e t π=。

下列说法正确的是 A .线圈平面与磁场垂直时,产生的感应电动势最大 B .线圈平面与磁场平行时,磁通量变化最快 C .线圈产生交变电动势的有效值为30 Vθ a bOQA O y x−APD.线圈产生交变电动势的周期为0.01 s17.由我国自主研发建设的北斗卫星导航系统,将在2020年左右实现全球覆盖,它计划由35颗人造卫星组网形成,其中包括5颗静止轨道卫星,27颗中轨道卫星,它们都绕地球做匀速圆周运动。

已知静止轨道卫星与地球之间的距离大于中轨道卫星与地球之间的距离,则与中轨道卫星相比,下列说法正确的是A.静止轨道卫星运行的线速度小B.静止轨道卫星运行的周期小C.静止轨道卫星运行的加速度大D.静止轨道卫星运动的角速度大18.在静止点电荷产生的电场中有一个带正电的粒子,仅在电场力的作用下做初速度为零的直线运动,取该直线为x轴,起始点O为坐标原点,其电势能E p随位移x 变化的关系如图所示,x1、x2为粒子运动路径上的两点,在这两点粒子的电势能分别为E p1和E p2。

北京市通州区2018届高考一模考试数学(理)试卷及答案

北京市通州区2018届高考一模考试数学(理)试卷及答案

5.“ x R , x2 bx 1 0 成立”是“ b 0,1”的
D. a > c > b
A.充分而不必要条件
B.必要而不充分条件
C.充分必要条件
D.既不充分也不必要条件
6.已知抛物线 y2 8x 的准线与圆心为 C 的圆 x2 y2 2x 8 0 交于 A , B 两点,那么 CA CB 等于
的种数为_______(结果用数字表示).
13.在△ ABC 中,角 A , B , C 的对边分别为 a , b , c ,已知 B 60 , b 4 ,
下列判断:
①若 c 3 ,则角 C 有两个解;
②若 BC BA 12 ,则 AC 边上的高为 3 3 ;
通州区 2017—2018 学年度高三一模考试
数学(理)试卷
2018 年 4 月 本试卷分第一部分和第二部分两部分,共 150 分.考试时间长 120 分钟.考生务必将答案答在答 题卡上,在试卷上作答无效.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.
第一部分 (选择题 共 40 分)
一、选择题:本大题共 8 小题,每小题 5 分,共 40 分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,选出符合题目要 求的一项.
期望;
(Ⅲ)设 2011-2017 这 7 年全社会固定资产投资总额的中位数为 x0 ,平均数为 x ,比较 x0 与 x 的大小(只需写出结论).
17.(本题满分 14 分)
如图所示的几何体中,平面 PAD 平面 ABCD , △PAD 为等腰直角三角形, APD 90 ,
四边形 ABCD 为直角梯形, AB // DC , AB AD , AB AD 2 , PQ // DC ,

北京市通州区2018高三模拟试卷一(word版含答案)

北京市通州区2018高三模拟试卷一(word版含答案)

北京市通州区 2018 高三模拟考试(一)化学试卷理科综合能力测试一、选择题:6.根据所给的信息和标志,判断下列说法不正确的是羊毛制品保暖、阿司匹林是一种历史看到有该标志的丢弃贴有该标志的物品穿着舒适,主要悠久的解热镇痛药,物,应远离并报警是可回收物由蛋白质组成无毒副作用7.下列实验的反应原理用离子方程式表示正确的是A.室温下,测的氯化铵溶液 pH<7,证明一水合氨是弱碱:NH4++2H2O = NH3▪H2O+H3O+B.鸡蛋壳溶于醋酸的原理:2H+ + CaCO3 = Ca2++H2O+CO2↑C.SO2可以降低氯水的漂白效果:Cl2 + SO2 + H2O = 2H+ + SO24- +HCl D.检验司机醉酒驾驶的化学反应可表示为:2Cr2O72-+16H+ + 3CH3CH2OH → 3CH3COOH + 4Cr3+ +11H2O8.一定条件下,某容器中各微粒在反应前后变化的示意图如下,其中和代表不同元素的原子。

充分反应(一定条件)关于此反应说法肯定不正确的是...A .属于吸热反应B .属于可逆反应C .属于氧化还原反应D .属于化合反应 9.关于下列两个实验的说法正确的是A .若甲中 b 电极的表面有气泡产生,则 b 为阳极2-B .若甲中 a 为 Zn ,b 为 Cu ,则正极附近的 SO 4 离子浓度逐渐增大C .若乙中 c 电极为 Fe ,则电解一段时间后,溶液变浑浊10.下列有关图像的说法正确的是 pO2CH 4甲TA .图甲可表示:1 g O 2 与 1 g CH 4 气体在相同容积的密闭容器中压强(p )与温度的(T )关系B . 图乙可表示:向含等物质的量的 NaOH 和 Na 2CO 3 的混合溶液中滴加过量的稀盐酸,生成气体的体积与滴加 HCl 溶液体积的关系C . 根据图丙,除去混在 KNO 3 中少量的 NaCl 可用“蒸发浓缩、趁热过滤”的方法D . 图丁可表示:将一定量高锰酸钾溶液与酸化的草酸钠溶液混合,反应液中 Mn 2+的浓度随反应时间 t 的变化关系 11.化合物 M 是一种医药中间体,其结构简式如下图。

北京市通州区2018年高三年级一模英语试题

北京市通州区2018年高三年级一模英语试题

WORD格式整理版学习好帮手通州区2018年高三年级模拟考试英语试卷2018年4月本试卷共10页,共120分。

考试时长100分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。

考试结朿后,将答题卡交回。

第一部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例:It’s so nice to hear from her again. , we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。

1. —What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?—Well, it be big—that’s not important.A. needn’tB. mustn’tC. can’tD. won’t2. The police asked the passers-by if they the accident happen.A. have seenB. sawC. had seenD. would see3. A “Hello” to a stranger is a small thing through it we can make the world better for other persons.A. forB. butC. soD. or4. He noticed that he by a stranger when he was walking in the street.A. was being followedB. was followingC. had followedD. followed5. No one to our complaints, so I will write a letter to the newspaper.A. had respondedB. respondsC. has respondedD. is responding6. Our school will organize a trip to the local mountains, the students to get closeto nature.A. encouragingB. encouragedC. encourageD. having encouraged7. Most city parks are places you can escape from big, ugly structures of metaland stone.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when8. your aunt was so busy, why didn’t she employ someone to help her look after the baby?A. In caseB. Now thatC. As long asD. As if9. we get to know foreign places, we come to understand that there are many differentways to live.A. BeforeB. AlthoughC. UnlessD. As10. If asked to look after luggage for someone else, the police at once.A. informB. informedC. to informD. informing11. English in the future will be quite different from it is today because some of English words may die out.A. whereB. thatC. whenD. what12. I have a desire to take up teaching as my profession when I from the university.A. will graduateB. graduateC. have graduatedD. would graduate13. A study on smog, on the Nature website, caught some top scientists’attention all over the world.A. publishB. publishingC. publishedD. being published14. The children have promised to give us a hand the packing.A. onB. forC. withD. in15. It is evident staying with excellent people can increase the chances of success.A. whyB. whetherC. whenD. that第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1. 5分,共30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2018年北京市通州区高考英语一模试卷

2018年北京市通州区高考英语一模试卷

2018年北京市通州区高考英语一模试卷第一部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.1. ﹣﹣﹣What sort of house do you want to have?Something big?﹣﹣﹣Well,it ______ be big﹣﹣that’s not important.()A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.won’t【答案】【考点】情态动词【解析】﹣﹣你想拥有怎样的房子?大点的?﹣﹣嗯,不必大﹣﹣那不重要.【解答】答案是B.本题考查情态动词辨析;mustn’t禁止;needn’t不必;can’t不能,不可能;won’t不会;根据下文的“that’s not important那不重要”推断房子“不必大”,所以答案选择B.2. The police asked the passers﹣by if they________the accident happen.()A.have seenB.sawC.had seenD.would see【答案】C【考点】动词时态【解析】警察问路人他们是否看到了事故发生.【解答】考查过去完成时.句意:警察问路人他们是否看到了事故发生.看到事故在警察询问路人的动作之前发生,警察询问路人是一般过去时态,那么看到事故就应该是“过去的过去”,即过去完成时.故选:C.3. A “Hello” to a stranger is a small thing________through it we can make the world better for other persons.()A.forB.butC.soD.or【答案】B【考点】并列连词【解析】对一个陌生人的一声“你好”是一件小事,但通过这件事我们可以让世界对其他的人变得更好.【解答】考查并列连词.前面两个分句之间是转折关系,用连词but,故选B项;for因为;but 但是;so因此;or或者.故选:B.4. He noticed that he________by a stranger when he was walking in the street.()A.was being followedB.was followingC.had followedD.followed【答案】A【考点】被动语态【解析】他注意到当他在街上散步时被一个陌生人跟踪着.【解答】考查过去进行时的被动语态.he与follow之间是动宾关系,且发生在“was walking in the street”时,要用过去进行时的被动语态.故选A项.B项:过去进行时;C项:过去完成时;D项:一般过去时.故选:A.5. No one________to our complaints, so I will write a letter to the newspaper.()A.had respondedB.respondsC.has respondedD.is responding【答案】C【考点】动词时态【解析】还没有人对我们的投诉作出回复,所以我将给报社写封信.【解答】考查现在完成时.respond意为“回复”,后接宾语时,常与介词to连用.此处强调对现在造成的影响或结果,要用现在完成时态.故选C项.A项:过去完成时;B项:一般现在时;D项:现在进行时.故选:C.6. Our school will organize a trip to the local mountains,________the students to get close to nature.()A.encouragingB.encouragedC.encourageD.having encouraged【答案】A【考点】现在分词【解析】句意为:我们学校将组织一次到当地山区的旅行,鼓励学生们接近大自然.【解答】考查现在分词.根据句中的谓语will和句子结构可知,此处需用分词作状语,不能用时态故BC不合题意,而will同时限制了完成的动作D是完成结构说明它发生的时间早于organize因此不合题意.故选:A.7. Most city parks are places________you can escape from big, ugly structures of metal and stone.()A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when【答案】B【考点】限制性定语从句【解析】大多数城市公园都是你可以躲避巨大而丑陋的金属和石头建筑的地方.【解答】考查定语从句.句意:大多数城市公园都是你可以躲避巨大而丑陋的金属和石头建筑的地方.先行词是places在定语从句中做地点状语,所以用where来引导,that、which不能在从句做状语,when做时间状语.故选:B.8. ________your aunt was so busy,why didn’t she employ someone to help her look after the baby?()A.In caseB.Now thatC.As long asD.As if【答案】B【考点】从属连词【解析】既然你的婶婶太忙了,她为什么不雇一个人帮她照看婴儿呢?【解答】考查从属连词的用法.in case“万一”,引导条件状语从句.now that “既然”,引导原因状语从句.as long as“只要”,引导条件状语从句.as if“仿佛,好像”,引导方式状语从句.分析可知前后两句话之间是逻辑上的“原因”关系;句意:既然你的婶婶太忙了,她为什么不雇一个人帮她照看婴儿呢?故选:B.9. ________we get to know foreign places, we come to understand that there are many different ways to live.()A.BeforeB.AlthoughC.UnlessD.As【答案】D【考点】从属连词【解析】当我们了解外国的地方时,我们开始了解到有许多不同的生活方式.考查从属连词的用法.before“在…之前;才…”,引导时间状语从句.although“尽管,虽然”,引导让步状语从句.unless“除非,如果不”,在意义上相当于if…not,因此在有些场合中unless与if…not可互换使用,引导条件状语从句.as意思是“随着”时,引导时间状语从句;意思是“因为”时,引导原因状语从句;意思是“尽管,虽然”时,引导让步状语从句;意为“按照……的方式”时,引导方式状语从句.分析可知前后两句话之间是逻辑上的“时间”关系;句意:当我们了解外国的地方时,我们开始了解到有许多不同的生活方式.故选:D.10. If asked to look after luggage for someone else,________the police at once.()rmrmedC.to informrming【答案】A【考点】句子基础知识【解析】如果有人让你替别人照看行李,请马上通知警察.【解答】考查祈使句.分析可知“If asked to look after luggage for someone else”是if引导的条件状语从句,“_____the police at once”是主句.主句的逻辑主语是you,把主语省略掉了,因此横线处应该是谓语动词,而informed、to inform和informing都是非谓语动词,因此可排除掉B、C和D三项.句子用动词原形开头,因此是一个祈使句.主句inform the police at once= You can inform the police at once.句意:如果有人让你替别人照看行李,请马上通知警察.故选:A.11. English in the future will be quite different from________it is today because some of English words may die out.()A.whereB.thatC.whenD.what【答案】D【考点】宾语从句【解析】在将来英语将会很大不同于今天的英语.可能一些英语单词甚至会彻底地消失.【解答】考查宾语从句.句意:在将来英语将会很大不同于今天的英语.可能一些英语单词甚至会彻底地消失.分析句子可知it is today 是介词from的宾语从句,从句中缺少表语,所以用what引导.that不做成分;when、where做状语.故选:D.12. I have a desire to take up teaching as my profession when I________from the university.()A.will graduateB.graduateC.have graduatedD.would graduate【答案】B动词时态【解析】当我从大学毕业时,我渴望从事教学工作.【解答】考查一般现在时.根据主句中的have,从句要用一般现在时.故选B项.A项:一般将来时;C项:现在完成时;D项:过去将来时.故选:B.13. A study on smog,________on the Nature website,caught some top scientists’ attention all over the world.()A.publishB.publishingC.publishedD.being published【答案】C【考点】过去分词【解析】一个出版在自然网站的雾霾,吸引了全世界顶尖科学家的注意.【解答】根据结构可知这句话使用非谓语动词作定语,a study和publish是被动关系,用过去分词作定语.故选:C.14. The children have promised to give us a hand________the packing.()A.onB.forC.withD.in【答案】C【考点】介词辨析【解析】孩子们答应帮我们收拾行李.【解答】考查介词.据银:孩子们答应帮我们收拾行李.give sb a hand with sth是英语的固定搭配“给某人帮助”,所以介词用with.故选:C.15. It is evident________staying with excellent people can increase the chances of success.()A.whyB.whetherC.whenD.that【答案】D【考点】it 的用法【解析】很显然,和优秀的人在一起可以增加成功的机会.【解答】考查it的用法.it is evident that……是一个句型,it是形式主语,真正的主语是that从句.故选D项.故选:D.第二节完形填空(每小题1. 5分,共30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.“You’re going to do WHAT?” I asked my bes t friend, Julie, in alarm."I’m going to try out for the cheerleading squad (啦啦队), ’’ she said, eyes fixed onthe ground. We had been best friends since second grade and we did everything together. We had made some(1)_______about what we would do this year, but now she was going(2)_______ on her own. I was sure that if she joined the cheerleading squad, she would become best friends with someone else and I couldn’t(3)_______ the thought.“Why are you doing this? Do you really want to hang around with those girls instead of me? ” I cried, my voice filled with(4)_______.“It’s not about the girls,” Julie said."It’s about the sport. I want to be on the squad at the high school level because they win scholarships at state competitions, and I have abetter(5)_______ if I’m on the squad here, " she explained. "(6)_______, ’‘ she added, "it’s not like I’m leaving the country or something.’’“Goodbye,” I(7)_______off, leaving Julie standing with a sad look on her face.The rest of the week I was unhappy, and I(8)_______Julie in the hall. I planned to(9)_______the first game and ignore Julie. Instead, I was(10)_______by the enthusiasm and skill of Julie’s cheering. Although she was the youngest member of the team, Julie (11)_______ led cheer after cheer. I saw how her face lit up with(12)_______. I was shocked as I(13)_______that she loved the sport. Trying out for the team had(14)_______ to do with me ﹣maybe it was just something she wanted to do.I(15)_______her shyly, but Julie smiled immediately. "Hey, you were really(16)_______ I began, then added quickly, "I’m so sorry I’ve been(17)_______ to you about your joining the squad.’’Julie(18)_______and replied, “A group of us are going for ice cream﹣why don’t you come along? ”Julie’s quick(19)_______ made my eyes burn, but I smiled in return. As I walked toward the cheerleaders, I realized there was(20)_______ in Julie’s life for all of us. We could save the competition for the game.(1)A.effortsB.plansC.achievementsplaints(2)A.upB.backC.onD.off(3)A.believeB.understandC.standD.share(4)A.fearB.angerC.worryD.guilt(5)A.resultB.positionC.conditionD.chance(6)A.HoweverB.BesidesC.ThereforeD.Otherwise(7)A.marchedB.turnedC.droppedD.put(8)A.guidedB.followedC.avoidedD.supported(9)A.missB.joinC.watchD.win(10)A.amazedB.amusedC.movedD.delighted(11)A.patientlyB.repeatedlyC.nervouslyD.enthusiastically(12)A.surpriseB.joyC.reliefD.pain(13)A.realizedB.acceptedC.rememberedD.doubted(14)A.somethingB.everythingC.nothingD.anything(15)A.acceptedB.leftC.approachedD.persuaded(16)A.responsibleB.devotedC.proudD.great(17)A.rudeB.tolerantC.stubbornD.generous(18)A.smiledB.sighedC.criedD.nodded(19)A.permissionB.apologyC.attentionD.forgiveness(20)A.timeB.roomC.helpD.hope【答案】BDCBDBACCADBACCDAADB【考点】完形综合阅读理解综合【解析】本文主要讲述作者和Julie发生的一个矛盾,Julie想进入啦啦队,作者害怕她会离开自己,当她们重新和好后,作者发现Julie并没有因为啦啦队而放弃作者.【解答】(1)B.名词辨析.根据空后what we would do this year可知今年我们会做什么,说明这是我们的计划(plan),故选B.(2)D.副词辨析.根据下文it’s not like I’m leaving the country or something.’’可知这不像我要离开这个国家什么的.说明她要自己离开(go off)去做一些事情,故选D.(3)C.动词辨析.根据上句 I was sure that if she joined the cheerleading squad, she would become best friends with someone else 可知我确信,如果她加入啦啦队,她会成为与别人最好的朋友,这是作者不能容忍(stand )的,故选C.(4)B.名词辨析.根据上句Why are you doing this? Do you really want to hang around with those girls instead of me?" I cried,可知你为什么这样做?你真的想和那些女孩而不是我在一起?"我哭了,说明作者很生气(angry),故选B.(5)D.名词辨析.本句and I have a better(5)if I’m on the squad here," 句意是如果我在这里的啦啦队,我有更好的机会(chance)获得奖学金,故选D.(6)B.副词辨析.根据下句she added,“it’s not like I’m leaving the country or something.’’可知她补充说,”这不像我要离开这个国家或某个地方."说明是除了(besides)上面的观点之外,又补充了一句,故选B.(7)A.动词辨析.根据下句leaving Julie standing with a sad look on her face.可知留下朱莉站在那里,她脸上露出悲伤的表情.说明作者离开(march off)了,故选A.(8)C.动词辨析.根据下句 ignore Julie.可知无视朱莉.说明作者是故意避开(avoid)她的,故选C.(9)C.动词辨析.本句 I planned to(9)the first game and ignore Julie.句意是我计划观看(watch)第一场比赛,并无视朱莉.故选C.(10)A.形容词辨析.根据下文 I was shocked 可知我很震惊,本句的意思是被这种热情所震惊(amazed),故选A.(11)D.副词辨析.A. patiently 有耐心地,B.repeatedly 重复地,C. nervously 紧张地,D. enthusiastically 热情地,根据上句I was(10)by the enthusiasm and skill of Julie’s cheering.可知我为朱莉欢呼的热情和技巧感到惊讶.说明她在表演的时候非常有热情( enthusiastically),故选D.(12)B.名词辨析.根据下句she loved the sport可知她喜欢这项运动,说明她非常高兴(joy),故选B.(13)A.动词辨析.本句I was shocked as I(13)that she loved the sport.句意是当我意识到(realize)她喜欢这项运动时,我感到震惊.故选A.(14)C.代词辨析.根据下句maybe it was just something she wanted to do.可知也许这只是她想做的事情.说明这件事与我无关(nothing),故选C.(15)C.动词辨析.A. accepted 接受,B. left离开, C. approached靠近,D. persuaded 说服,本句I(15)her shyly, but Julie smiled immediately.句意是我害羞地接近(approached)她,但朱莉立刻笑了起来.故选C.(16)D.形容词辨析.根据上句I was(10)by the enthusiasm and skill of Julie’s cheering.可知我为朱莉欢呼的热情和技巧感到惊讶.说明她表现得非常好(great),故选D.(17)A.形容词辨析.A.rude粗鲁的,B.tolerant宽容的,C.stubborn 固执的,D. generous慷慨的,根据空前I’m so sorry 可知我很抱歉,说明作者是对之前对她的粗鲁(rude)而感觉到抱歉,故选A.(18)A.动词辨析.根据上文I(15)her shyly, but Julie smiled immediately.可知我害羞地接近她,但朱莉立刻笑(smile)了起来.故选A.(19)D.名词辨析.A. permission 许可,B. apology 道歉,C. attention注意力,D. forgiveness 原谅,根据上句A group of us are going for ice cream﹣why don’t you come along?“可知我们一群人正在吃冰淇淋﹣你为什么不来?”说明她原谅(forgive)了作者,故选D.(20)B.名词辨析.本句As I walked toward the cheerleaders, I realized there was(20)in Julie’s life for all of us句意是当我走向拉拉队队员时,我意识到朱莉的生活中有我们所有人的空间(room),故选B.第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,40分)第一节(共30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.At my daughter’s presentation ceremony the other day, the school principal remindedthe kids of that truth: they could have multiple careers in their lifetimes.As I lay in bed that evening, I thought about another truth.It’s not just different careers that await each child.It’s a set of completely different lives.I thought about my own life. Five years ago I was in an unhappy marriage; living in a house that I felt wasn’t mine. I felt anxious most of the time and not in control of my own future.Now, I live in my own beautiful apartment. My family life is peaceful, filled withlaughter and the purrs of our three﹣year﹣old cat. I date and have a bunch of new friends ﹣people who didn’t even know me back when I was married.My life is barely recognizable. I created a whole new reality.I have always known that great change is possible. I am the great grandchild of Eastern European immigrants who left their countries with few contacts and even less in English. From the villages of Russia and Poland, they created businesses and communities and English﹣speaking families. Their worlds towards the end of their lives would have barely been like the lives into which they were born.My own parents moved to a new city with two small children and started a brand new life with a new set of friends. And my grandmother lived two completely different lives.For my entire childhood she was a widow (寡妇)after my grandfather died suddenly at 43.She raised her daughters alone, rarely traveled out of her hometown and cared for her elderly mother. At 68, after being single for 26 years, she surprised us all by falling in love and remarrying. She and Harry socialized endlessly, traveled around the country and spent summers at their second home by the sea. They lived their new adventurous lives well into their nineties.Life is full of possibilities. It is full of changes. We assume that our lives arelinear, leading from birth to death in a straight path. But they can change. They can have sharp twists. They can double back and leap forward and begin another story altogether.(1)How did the author feel in the first marriage?________A.Hopeful.B.Scared.C.Helpless.D.Satisfied.(2)What made the family feel unexpected about her grandma?________A.Being a widow for a long time.B.Her decision to start a new life.C.Her happy life with Harry.D.Moving out of her hometown.(3)The author took her family for example to show that________.A.they experienced hardships and joys.B.they were working hard.C.they lived a happy life.D.they don’t like the new life.(4)The best title for this passage might be________.A.Accept life as it is.B.Ever﹣changing lives.C.Facing challenges bravely.D.Never give up.【答案】CBAB【考点】阅读理解综合完形综合【解析】主要讲述了作者的生活从最开始她认为的毫不幸福到后来发生了巨大的变化而使自己过生了幸福的生活【解答】(1)C.推理判断题,根据第二段 Five years ago I was in an unhappy marriage; living in a house that I felt wasn’t mine. I felt anxious most of the time and not in control of my own future.五年前,我的婚姻很不幸福,住在一间我觉得不是我的房子里.我大部分时间都感到焦虑,而不是控制自己的未来.可知作者的第一场婚姻很无助,故选C.(2)B.细节理解题,根据第七段 she surprised us all by falling in love and remarrying. She and Harry socialized endlessly, traveled around the country and spent summers at their second home by the sea.可知祖母结婚并开始新生活使我们惊讶,故选B.(3)A.细节理解题,根据第七段She raised her daughters alone, rarely traveled out of her hometown and cared for her elderly mother. At 68, after being single for 26 years,she surprised us all by falling in love and remarrying. She and Harry socialized endlessly,traveled around the country and spent summers at their second home by the sea.可知作者举出了她祖母的例子说明他们都曾经经历过生活的艰辛和幸福,故选A.(4)B.主旨大意题,通读全文可知作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了她自己和祖母通过改变自己的生活获得更好的生活的经历,故选 B.Time for an adventureAre you bored with your nine﹣to﹣five routine? Have a look at our exciting range of holidays and decide what type of adventure you’d like.Activity holidaysOur activity holidays are great for people who love danger or who just like sports. We have a huge variety of water, snow or desert holidays. We will take you scuba diving in the red sea and white water rafting in Canada. If you prefer snow, you can try skiing or snowboarding in the Alps. For those who like warmer weather, we also have sand﹣boarding﹣the desert version of snowboarding or camel travels.Polar expeditionsTake a cruise (乘;游览)to Antarctica or the northern Arctic; explore a land of white natural beauty and wonderful wildlife. Our experts will explain everything about the two poles as you watch the penguins in Antarctica or whales and polar bears in the Arctic.There is no greater adventure than traveling to the end of Earth. A once﹣in﹣a﹣lifetime experience.Cultural journeysOur cultural journeys will help you discover ancient civilizations: India, Thailand, Egypt and many more. Visit temples, palaces and ancient ruins一just remember to bring your camera. Get to know local ways of life by exploring markets, trying exotic foods and meeting local people.Wildlife holidaysWe organize small﹣group tours to get closer to nature in Africa, Asia or South America. Go on safari in Africa and watch lions and giraffes. Meet the famous turtles of the Galapagos Islands. Look for tigers in India or take an elephant safari in Sri Lanka. We use local guides and stay in range of accommodation from tents to tree houses.(1)If you like snow and prefer to take risks, you will probably take________.A.activity holidays.B.wildlife holidays.C.polar expeditions.D.cultural journeys.(2)What do these adventures have in common?________A.They can attract potential animal lovers.B.Sports lovers will like them.C.Those living a fixed working life may try them.D.Those who love nature may be interested in these activities.(3)The author wrote this passage to________.A.introduce a travel agency.B.describe some places of interest.C.introduce different kinds of adventures.D.discuss some interesting travel routes.【答案】ACC【考点】完形综合阅读理解综合【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道类阅读,作者主要介绍了一些暑期的冒险活动.【解答】(1)A.细节理解题.由第三段最后一句“There’s no greater adventure than traveling to the two ends of the earth”(没有比极地远征更加冒险的活动)可知,极地远征是最冒险的假期活动.故本题答案为A选项.(2)C.理解推断题.由文章第一段Are you bored with your nine﹣to﹣five routine?Have a look at our exciting range of holidays ,你厌倦了朝九晚五的日常吗?看看我们的令人兴奋的假期,可知,这些活动都适合有固定工作固定上下班的人,故选C.(3)C.主旨归纳题.本文是一篇新闻报道类阅读,作者主要介绍了一些暑期的冒险活动.故选C.Liver cancer is one of the most common cancers in China. The number of new cases reached 466, 000 in 2015 , and the cancer caused 422, 000 deaths that year, accounting for more than half of the world’s liver cancer cases and deaths. The good news is that now scientists in China have identified DNA markers specific to liver (肝脏)cancer, which is expected to greatly improve accuracy in diagnosis (诊断)of it.Using the new technology, doctors can provide a diagnosis to patients with liver cancer through simple blood tests. That could decrease the chances of a misdiagnosis by more than half, according to Xu Ruihua, director of the Sun Yat﹣sen University Cancer Center in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, who has led the research.After five years of research, involving over 100 researchers from different institutes, the scientists identified methylation in DNA circulating in the blood that is related to liver cancer. Methylation is an abnormal genetic change that can cause cancer, Xu said. Usingsamples of DNA from a large group of 1, 098 liver cancer patients and 835 healthy people for comparison, they constructed a diagnostic prediction model that showed high sensitivity and accuracy, Xu said in the study, which was published in Nature Materials , a science journal, on Monday.Currently, a method that is often used for diagnosis of early﹣stage liver cancer is to check the level of alpha fetoprotein (甲胎蛋白), which normally remains at very low level in the blood but increases significantly in many liver cancer patients. But the method is ineffective for 40percent of those who have liver cancer, and 20 percent of patients with no liver cancer are diagnosed as having the disease because rising alpha fetoprotein levels can also be caused by factors such as pregnancy and so on, Xu said.But using the new method, about 85 percent of cancer patients can be diagnosed and only about 7 percent of patients are misdiagnosed, he said. The new method is more accurate and much simpler and does not require other tests, Xu said. The center has developed tests for liver cancer based on the research, and they will be used on people with a high risk of the disease at Sun Yat﹣sen University’s Cancer Hospital, he said. And the tests are expected to be widely available for clinical use by the end of the year, he said.(1)What effect does the new technology produce?________A.The death rate of liver cancer will decrease.B.It saves the trouble of the doctors and patients.C.Xu Ruihua will be famous overnight.D.There will be less patients of liver cancer.(2)What is the disadvantage of the current method ﹣checking the level of alpha fetoprotein?________A.It is not effective at all.B.It involves high risks.C.It is time﹣consuming.D.It leads to misdiagnosis sometimes.(3)The researchers could adopt blood test to check liver cancer because of discoveryof________.A.samples in DNA.B.methylation in DNA.C.alpha fetoprotein.D.genetic change.(4)What can we infer from the last paragraph?________A.The rate of misdiagnosis is comparatively high with the new method.B.The researchers are optimistic about the new method.C.The research result has been put into practice.D.The blood test is not effective enough.【答案】ADBB【考点】阅读理解综合【解析】本文是一篇科教类阅读,属于说明文,肝癌是中国最常见的癌症之一. 2015年新病例数达到46.6万,当年癌症造成422,000人死亡,占世界肝癌病例和死亡人数的一半以上.好消息是,现在中国的科学家已经确定了肝癌特异性的DNA标记,预计这将大大提高诊断的准确性.【解答】(1)A.细节理解题.根据Using the new technology, doctors can provide a diagnosis to patients with liver cancer through simple blood tests. That could decrease the chances of a misdiagnosis by more than half 可知,新技术使肝癌的死亡率会下降.故选A.(2)D.细节理解题.根据But the method is ineffective for 40percent of those who have liver cancer, and 20 percent of patients with no liver cancer are diagnosed as having the disease because rising alpha fetoprotein levels can also be caused by factors such as pregnancy and so on但这种方法对于40%的肝癌患者是无效的,20%的非肝癌患者被诊断为患有这种疾病,因为甲胎蛋白水平升高也可能由怀孕等因素引起,可知,目前检查甲胎蛋白水平方法的缺点﹣有时会导致误诊.故选D.(3)B.细节理解题.根据After five years of research, involving over 100 researchers from different institutes,the scientists identified methylation in DNA circulating in the blood that is related to liver cancer. Methylation is an abnormal genetic change that can cause cancer可知,研究人员可以通过验血来检查肝癌,因为发现了DNA中的甲基化.故选B.(4)B.推理判断题.根据 And the tests are expected to be widely available for clinical use by the end of the year, he said.可以看出,预计该测试将在今年年底之前广泛用于临床应用.故研究人员对这种新方法持乐观态度.故选B.Reading a book and watching a film are two very different experiences, but expectations can be high when a film of a favourite book is made. There are very many times I have been disappointed by a film of a book I love. So maybe highly regarded books do not always make good films, it is safe to say that great movies may be made from not particularly good books.The source material may be anything from classic novels, short stories, comic books and stage plays, as well as non﹣fiction such as biography and autobiography, even those written by ghostwriters. All can work well, but why do many adaptations and indeed remakes fail with both cinema audiences and critics?A key question is obviously how close to the original the film is. Since a typical film is only around two hours long, it becomes a question of what to leave out, and how to script the dialogue. Sometimes there may be changes to the plot, additions and even different endings to please producers, directors and test audiences. I, like many people, have often left the cinema feeling “the film is not like the book”.Another problem area is the cast. Whether suitable actors are found or not can mean the difference between success and failure. Readers of the book use their imaginations to visualize characters and have very definite ideas about how characters look and sound. This is where I think many film adaptations fall down.Some books are just too difficult to film for technical reasons, although movies like The Life of Pi are changing this perception. The impact of CGI technology has had a huge impact on the movie industry and allowed the previously unfilmable to become a reality. Sometimes authors are very involved in the process and many may even be the screenwriters. This can actually be a bad thing because they may be too close to thematerial and find it difficult to adapt. At other times they are not the screenwriters, and there are instances where writers have been very unhappy with the film versions of their work. Roald Dahl and Stephen King are examples of this. Even more extreme was novelist J. D. Salinger who made sure no film versions of his popular novels could ever be made. Inthis situation, it is clear viewers will not be disappointed.(1)In what situation adaptations from books to films possibly satisfy the audiences?________A.Adaptations of lower expectation from audiences.B.Adaptations of popular books.C.Adaptations of good books.D.Adaptations of books that audiences love.(2)Novelist J. D. Salinger is mentioned in the last paragraph in order to________.A.tell us how disappointed the audiences are.B.show that many authors are involved in the process of making films.C.prove that authors may not necessarily be good screenwriters.D.show some writers are against the idea of making books into films.(3)Which of the following presents the correct structure of the passage?________(4)What is the purpose of the passage?________A.To argue that good books should be adapted to films.B.To persuade the audiences to accept the adaptations from books to films.C.To explain the reasons why many adaptations from books to films failed.D.To inform that adaptations should be based on various kinds of books.【答案】ADBC【考点】阅读理解综合【解析】本文讲述的是为什么许多改编自书籍的电影最后失败了.【解答】(1)A.细节理解题.根据“but expectations can be high when a film of a favourite book is made”可知,期望值太高,会导致电影很失败.所以要降低观众的期望值.故选A.(2)D.细节理解题.根据“At other times they are not the screenwriters, and there are instances where writers have been very unhappy with the film versions of their work”可知,在最后一段中提到了小说家塞林格,目的是为了表明一些作家反对将书制作成电影的想法.故选D.(3)B.文章结构题.根据文章内容可知,本文开头提出疑问,为什么改编自小说的电影会失败.之后分三个原因进行分析,最后总结出,是观众的期望值太高了.故选B.(4)C.主旨大意题.根据文章内容可知,本文讲述的是为什么许多改编自书籍的电影最后失败了.故选C.第二节(共10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项.Are you satisfied with the shape of your nose?(1)_______This is according to a recent study carried out by scientists from Pennsylvania State University, US. They found that climate played a key role in shaping our noses.The findings were based on an examination of the size and shape of noses of 476 peoplefrom four regions﹣West Africa, East Asia, South Asia and Northern Europe.(2)_______With the help of it, the researchers can get the results more accurately.“People have thought for a long time the difference in nose shape among humans across the world may have arisen as a result of natural selection because of climate,” Arslan Zaidi,one of the lead authors of the study said. But while previous studies were based on measurements from human skulls, Zaidi and his team looked at nose shape itself.(3)_______They looked at the width of the nostrils (鼻孔),the distance between nostrils,the height, length and angle (角度)of the nose, and the size of the nose and the nostrils.The results showed that wider noses are more common in warm and humid climates,while narrower noses are more common in cold and dry climates.(4)_______This is in turn,led to a gradual decrease in nose width in populations living far away from the equator.According to Zaidi,now we’ve only known a little about the relationship between climate and nose shape.(5)_______Through further study, researchers believe that they will get more findings which are valuable in understanding potential health issues in the future.A.There are a variety of nose shapes across the world.B.They examined seven nose traits (特征)that differ across populations and geographical areas.C.But more study is still needed to test the link between them.D.And 3﹣D facial imaging technology is used in the study.E.If not, the climate may be to blame, not your parents.F.The nose shapes are determined by many factors.G.That, Zaidi said, could be because narrower nose help to increase the wetness content of air and warm it.【答案】E,D,B,G,C【考点】七选五阅读【解析】本文是一篇选句填空,文章主要介绍了你对鼻子的形状满意吗?如果不是,气候可能是罪魁祸首,而不是你的父母.根据美国宾夕法尼亚州立大学的科学家们最近的一项研究,他们发现,气候在塑造我们的鼻子方面起着关键作用.【解答】1﹣5 EDBGC(1)E.细节理解题.根据“Are you satisfied with the shape of your nose?你对鼻子的形状满意吗”可知此处应填“”如果不是,气候可能是罪魁祸首,而不是你的父母.故选E.(2)D.细节理解题.根据“With the help of it, the researchers can get the results more accurately.在它的帮助下,研究人员可以获得更准确的结果”可知此处应填“本研究采用三维人脸成像技术.”故选D.。

2018.4通州区高三理综生物一模及答案

2018.4通州区高三理综生物一模及答案

通州区 2018 年高三年级模拟考试(一)理科综合生物能力测试2018年4月请在以下各题的四个选项中选出唯一吻合题目要求的选项。

..一、选择题:1.囊泡运输是真核细胞宽泛拥有的物质运输方式,以下说法正确的选项是A .囊泡运输需要载体而且不用耗能量 B. 囊泡运输参加神经细胞递质的释放C.囊泡运输主要依赖于膜的选择透过性 D .细胞器间物质都能经过囊泡进行运输2.以下相关微生物培养的表达正确的选项是A.平时使用液体培养基分别获得细菌单菌落B.若培养基需要调治pH ,应该在灭菌后进行C.用显微镜直接计数固体培养基中微生物数量D.倒置平板可防范培养基被滴落的冷凝水污染3.科研人员对小鼠在不相同光照条件下各时间点褪黑素(机体内部感知外界环境昼夜光周期变化的信号激素)含量进行研究。

实验中,长光照组恩赐24 小时不中止光照办理,正常光照组恩赐白天 12小岁月照 , 夜晚 12 小时黑暗办理,长黑暗组恩赐24 小时全黑暗处时辰4:008:0012:0016:0020:00分组0:00长光照216213204185189186正常光照179204151158164161长黑暗194200166157169151不相同光照条件下,各时辰小鼠血清中褪黑素含量(ng/L )理。

实验结果以下表,相关解析错误..的是A.长光照、正常光照和长黑暗三组实验小鼠取血时的光照条件均应保持一致B.正常光照组小鼠褪黑素分泌水平白天较低,天黑后上升,到达峰值后下降C.长黑暗组小鼠褪黑素分泌水平在8:00 高于正常光照组D.长远连续光照可能以致动物褪黑素的分泌水平出现凌乱4.生长素能促进植物细胞生长,作用机理以以下列图所示。

以下说法不正确...的是A. 生长素与细胞膜受体结合可惹起H +以主动运输的方式向外运输B.细胞壁在碱性条件下发生结构改变以致细胞膨胀惹起细胞生长C.生长素的调治作用依赖于细胞内的信息传达过程D.生长素经过影响细胞的基因表达来调治植物生长5科研人员在不相同的土豆培养基中增加不相同浓度的葡萄糖溶液,在不相同培养温度条件下培养酵母菌,研究其种群数量变化,并将7 天的实验数据绘制成曲线,以以下列图所示。

2018年通州区高三数学理一模考试答案 精品

2018年通州区高三数学理一模考试答案 精品

高三数学(理科)一模考试参考答案2018.4二、填空题9.1- 10.11. 4,221n n n ---12. 24 13. ②③ 14. 0,0三、解答题15. 解:(Ⅰ)因为()2sin cos 222x x x f x π⎛⎫=-+ ⎪⎝⎭2sin cos 222x x x +=1si n 2x x =sin +3x π⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭. …………………… 4分所以()f x 的最小正周期2.T π=…………………… 6分(Ⅱ)因为[],0x π∈-,所以2+,333x πππ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎥⎣⎦.所以当33x ππ+=,即0x =时,函数)(x f 取得最大值sin+32π=当32x ππ+=-,即56x π=-时,函数)(x f 取得最小值1+2-所以()f x 在区间[],0π--……………… 13分16. 解:(Ⅰ)…………………… 4分(Ⅱ)依题意,X 的可能取值为0,1,2. …………………… 5分24272(0)7C P X C ===,1134274(1)7C C P X C ===,23271(2)7C P X C ===. ……………… 8分所以X 的分布列为…………………… 9分所以X 的数学期望()2416012.7777E X =⨯+⨯+⨯=…………………… 10分 (Ⅲ)0x <x . …………………… 13分 17. 解:(Ⅰ)因为//PQ CD ,PQ CD =,所以四边形PQCD 是平行四边形. 所以//.PD QC因为PD ⊄平面QBC ,QC ⊂平面QBC , 所以//PD 平面.QBC…………………… 4分(Ⅱ)取AD 的中点为O , 因为PA PD =,所以.OP AD ⊥因为平面PAD ⊥平面ABCD ,OP ⊂平面PAD ,所以OP ⊥平面.ABCD …………………… 5分 以点O 为坐标原点,分别以直线OD ,OP 为y 轴,z 轴建立空间直角坐标系Oxyz ,则x 轴在平面ABCD 内.图二(%)201725.020.015.010.05.00.0(亿元)2011-2017年全社会固定资产投资及增长率201620152014201320122011因为90APD ∠=︒,2AB AD ===,1PQ CD ==, 所以(),,A -010,(),,B -210,(),,C 110,(),,Q 101,所以()1,1,1BQ =-,()0,1,1CQ =-. …………………… 7分设平面QBC 的法向量为(),,n x y z =,所以,,n BQ n CQ ⎧⋅=⎪⎨⋅=⎪⎩00 即,.x y z y z -++=⎧⎨-+=⎩00所以,.x y z y z =+⎧⎨=⎩令1z =,则1y =,2x =.所以()2,1,1n =. …………………… 8分 设平面ABCD 的法向量为()0,0,1m =,所以cos ,6n m == 又因为二面角Q BC A --为锐角,所以二面角Q BC A --…………………… 10分 (Ⅲ)存在. 设点(),,M a b c ,QM QBλ=,[]01.λ∈,所以()1,,1QMa b c =--,()1,1,1.QB =--所以+1a λ=, b λ=-, +1c λ=-. 所以点(),,.M λλλ+--+11所以(),,.AMλλλ=+-+-+111又平面QBC 的法向量为()2,1,1n =,AM ⊥平面QBC ,所以.λλ+-+=1121所以.λ=13所以在线段QB 上存在点M ,使AM ⊥平面QBC ,且QM QB的值是.13…………… 14分18. 解:(Ⅰ)设函数()()().xxF x f x g x xe ae a =-=-+当1=a 时,()1x x F x xe e =-+,所以'()xF x xe =.所以)0(,-∞∈x 时,'()0F x <;)0(∞+∈,x 时,'()0F x >. 所以()F x 在)0(,-∞上单调递减,在)0(∞+,上单调递增. 所以当0=x 时,()F x 取得最小值(0)0F =.所以()0F x ≥,即)()(x g x f ≥. …………………… 4分 (Ⅱ)当1>a 时,'()(1)xF x x a e =-+, 令'()0F x >,即(1)0xx a e -+>,解得1x a >-; 令'()0F x <,即(1)0x x a e -+<,解得 1.x a <-所以()F x 在(1)a -∞-,上单调递减,在(1)a -+∞,上单调递增. 所以当1-=a x 时,()F x 取得极小值,即1(1)a F a a e --=-. …………………… 6分令1()a h a a e-=-,则1'()1a h a e-=-.因为1>a ,所以'()0h a <. 所以()h a 在(1,)+∞上单调递减. 所以()(1)0h a h <<. 所以(1)0F a -<.又因为()0F a a =>,所以()F x 在区间),1(a a -上存在一个零点.所以在),1[+∞-a 上存在唯一的零点. …………………… 10分 又因为()F x 在区间)1,(--∞a 上单调递减,且(0)0F =,所以()F x 在区间)1,(--∞a 上存在唯一的零点0. …………………… 12分 所以函数)(x h 有且仅有两个零点,即使)()(x g x f =成立的x 的个数是两个.…………………… 13分19. 解:(Ⅰ)因为椭圆的焦点在x 轴上,2AB =,离心率e =所以1b =,2c a = 所以由222a b c =+,得2 4.a = 所以椭圆C 的标准方程是22 1.4x y += …………………… 3分 (Ⅱ)设点P 的坐标为()00,x y ,所以Q 的坐标为()00,x y -. 因为M ,N 分别是OP ,BP 的中点, 所以M 点的坐标为00,22x y ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭,N 点的坐标为001,22x y -⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭. …………………… 4分所以直线AD 的方程为0021y y x x -=+. …………………… 6分 代入椭圆方程2214x y +=中,整理得()()222000042820.x y x x y x ⎡⎤+-+-=⎣⎦ 所以0x =,或()()()0000220008222=.5442x y x y x y x y --=-+-所以()2000000002222431.5454x y y y y y x y y ---+-=⋅+=--所以D 的坐标为()200000022243,5454x y y y y y -⎛⎫-+- ⎪--⎝⎭. …………………… 10分所以000000112.32QNy y y k x x x --+==-+ 又()20000000000243541.22354QD y y y y y k x y x x y -+---+==--+-所以D ,N ,Q 三点共线. …………………… 13分20.解:(Ⅰ)因为+12+1n n n a a a +∆=-,1n n n a a a +∆=-,所以+12+12n n n n n a a a a a +∆-∆=+-22n n n a q a a q =+-()()22121.n n a q q a q =+-=-因为01>a ,公比0>q ,且1≠q , 所以0n a >,()210.q -> 所以()210.n a q ->所以等比数列{}n a 为凸数列. …………………… 3分 (Ⅱ)因为数列}{n a 为凸数列,所以11=m m m m a a a a ++--,211m m m m a a a a +++-≥-,321m m m m a a a a +++-≥-,…,11.m n m m n m m m a a a a +-+--+-≥-叠加得()1()n m m m a a n m a a +-≥--. 所以1.n mm m a a a a n m+-≥--同理可证1.m km m a a a a m k+-≤-- 综上所述,1n m m k m m a a a aa a n m m k+--≥-≥--. …………………… 7分因为n m m k a a a a n m m k--≥--,所以()()()().n m m k m k a k m a n m a m n a -+-≥-+-所以()()().n k m m k a n m a n k a -+-≥-令1k =,()()11()1.n m m a n m a n a -+-≥- 所以11.11m n m n m a a a n n --⎛⎫≤+ ⎪--⎝⎭若1n a a ≤,则111()().1111m n n n n m n m m n ma a a a a a n n n n ----≤+≤+=---- 若1n a a ≥,则111111()().1111m n m n m m n ma a a a a a n n n n ----≤+≤+=---- 所以{}1max ,.m n a a a ≤…………………… 10分(Ⅲ)设p a 为凸数列}{n a 中任意一项, 由(Ⅱ)可知,1max{,}.p n t a a a a ≤≤再由(Ⅱ)可知,对任意的1p m n ≤<<均有1m p n mm m a a a a a a n m m p+--≥-≥--,(1)当1p t n ≤<<时,t pn t a a a a n t t p--≥--. 又因为n t a a ≤,所以0.t pn t a a a a n t t p--≥≥--所以.p t a a ≥(2)当1t p n <<≤时,11p t t a a a a p t t --≥--. 又因为1t a a ≤,所以10.1p t t a a a a p tt --≥≥--所以.p t a a ≥ (3)当p t =时,.p t a a = 所以.p t a a ≥ 综上所述,.p t a a =所以12n a a a ===. …………………… 14分。

2018年通州区高三一模试题及答案

2018年通州区高三一模试题及答案

通州区2018年高三年级模拟考试语文试卷 2018年4月本试卷共8页,满分150分,考试时间150分钟。

一、本大题共8小题,共24分。

阅读下列材料,完成1-8题。

材料一地名如人名,与生于斯长于斯的一代又一代人息息相关。

地名,承载丰富的文化信息,接续千百年的情感传承,不会随时间推移而消失。

一个长期形成的地名,其实就是那个地方的符号,是那个地方所有人情感所系的标志。

即便远在他乡,人们也永远不会忘记故乡名字。

我们常说珍爱乡愁、寻找乡愁,这乡愁,就融在地名中。

曾听某省的民政厅干部讲过这样一个故事。

一位老兵到了台湾一直没能回到大陆,身体不好不能回到家乡,就让孩子回来寻根,找他生活过的地方。

孩子归来,根据地名按图索骥....,却难以找到,原来这个地名早已消失。

最后,找到民政厅,翻阅档案,才找到原来的地名。

这位老先生写信来感谢民政厅同志,并说:“你们经济发展得很好,建设也很好,但是地名不要改。

地名是我们回家的路。

”地名,我们回家的路。

说得多好!地名,在海内外华人眼里,在所有寻找乡愁的人们心中,就是一条回家的路。

即便不在这里出生,那也是祖辈的根,后代依旧将心底的那份乡愁,与那个遥远的地名联在一起。

地名的替换与取消,显然需要慎之又慎。

尤其是一个历史悠久的地名,早就成为中国文化的一部分,存在于史书、碑刻、文学经典之中。

如果轻率地将之更名,多少文化信息会被消解。

陕西汉中的勉县,是武侯墓和武侯祠所在地,因汉水称作沔水,历史上曾叫沔县。

上世纪50年代初,因考虑到“沔”字不好写,便改为“勉”。

汉水流至湖北,一个县叫沔阳,和沔县的“沔”是一个字。

前些年改名叫仙桃市。

远远近近的人,都熟悉沔阳三蒸、沔阳花鼓戏,可如今,一个“仙桃”,令“沔阳”失去了多少历史内涵。

说到襄阳,会想到王维的“襄阳好风日,留醉与山翁”,想到杜甫的“即从巴峡穿巫峡,便下襄阳向洛阳”;说到荆州,会想到“大意失荆州”;说到衡阳,会想到范仲淹的“衡阳雁去无留意”;说到徽州,会想到汤显祖的“一生痴绝处,无梦到徽州”……试想,如果将“襄樊”“荆沙”“黄山”在诗句中予以替换,今人与后人的感受,又该如何?幸好衡阳、洛阳等地名依然安在,不然,多少经典诗词,将从此失去地名带来的历史内涵和美感。

北京通州高三一模英语试题及答案

北京通州高三一模英语试题及答案

通州区2018年高三年级模拟考试英语试卷2018年4月本试卷共10页,共120分。

考试时长100分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。

考试结朿后,将答题卡交回。

第一部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例:It’s so nice to hear from her again. , we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。

1. —What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?—Well, it be big—that’s not important.A. needn’tB. mustn’tC. can’tD. won’t2. The police asked the passers-by if they the accident happen.A. have seenB. sawC. had seenD. would see3. A “Hello” to a stranger is a small thing through it we can make the worldbetter for other persons.A. forB. butC. soD. or4. He noticed that he by a stranger when he was walking in the street.A. was being followedB. was followingC. had followedD. followed5. No one to our complaints, so I will write a letter to the newspaper.A. had respondedB. respondsC. has respondedD. is responding6. Our school will organize a trip to the local mountains, the students to get closeto nature.A. encouragingB. encouragedC. encourageD. having encouraged7. Most city parks are places you can escape from big, ugly structures of metaland stone.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when8. your aunt was so busy, why didn’t she employ someone to help her look afterthe baby?A. In caseB. Now thatC. As long asD. As if9. we get to know foreign places, we come to understand that there are many different ways tolive.A. BeforeB. AlthoughC. UnlessD. As10. If asked to look after luggage for someone else, the police at once.A. informB. informedC. to informD. informing11. English in the future will be quite different from it is today because some ofEnglish words may die out.A. whereB. thatC. whenD. what12. I have a desire to take up teaching as my profession when I from the university.A. will graduateB. graduateC. have graduatedD. would graduate13. A study on smog, on the Nature website, caught some top scientists’attention all over the world.A. publishB. publishingC. publishedD. being published14. The children have promised to give us a hand the packing.A. onB. forC. withD. in15. It is evident staying with excellent people can increase the chances of success.A. whyB. whetherC. whenD. that第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1. 5分,共30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

通州区2017-2018学年第二学期高三物理一模考试参考答案

通州区2017-2018学年第二学期高三物理一模考试参考答案

通州区2017—2018学年度高三一模考试物理试卷参考答案2018年4月一、选择题(共8道小题,每题6分,共48分)二、实验题(18分) 21.(1)① 如右图 (2分)② 随着温度升高,灯丝电阻率增大 (2分) (2)① 11.8 (2分)2dl +(2分) ② B (2分) ③ 如右图 (2分)求出图线的斜率k ,根据24g kπ=求得重力加速度g 。

(2分) ④ C (2分)⑤ 222124πl T T ∆- (2分) 三、计算题(共5道小题,共46分) 22.(16分)解:(1)滑块A 在斜面上的加速度2sin 5 m/s a g α== (1分)由21sin 2H at α=,得0.4 s t = (3分) (2)设滑块A 质量为m ,A 到达斜面底端时速度为1v 。

3.03.43.63.84.0由机械能守恒定律2112mgH mv =,得1 2 m/s v = (4分) 由动量守恒定律12mv mv = ,得 1 m/s v = (4分)(3)由动能定理212022mgL mv μ-=-⨯,得0.25 m L = (4分)23. (18分)解:(1)22311120H H He n +→+ (3分)核反应释放的核能212(2)E M m m c ∆=-- (3分) (2)由12v qvB =m R,得1qBR v =m (4分)由2πR T =v,得12πm T qB = (4分)(3)由能量守恒220012002e Mv k r ⨯+=+,得0v = (4分)24. (20分)解:(1)解法一:该发电装置原理图等效为右图,管道中液体的流动等效为宽度为d 的导体棒切割磁感线,产生的电动势E = Bdv 0。

则开关断开时00U Bdv = (4分) 解法二:设带电粒子点电量为q ,离子在液体中沿x 轴正向运动,所受的洛伦兹力与所受的M 、N 两板间电场的电场力平衡时,U 0保持恒定,有0U q qvB d=,得00U Bdv = (4分) (2)a .由闭合电路欧姆定律00U Bdv I R r R r==++ (4分) 0Bdv RU IR R r==+ (4分) b .解法一: 受力角度:正离子在y 轴上沿y 轴负方向运动,M 板电势高,运动过程中受力平衡。

2018年通州区高三数学(理)一模考试试题及答案word

2018年通州区高三数学(理)一模考试试题及答案word

通州区2017—2018学年度高三一模考试数学(理)试卷2018年4月本试卷分第一部分和第二部分两部分,共150分.考试时间长120分钟.考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效•考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回第一部分(选择题共40 分)、选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,选出符合题目要求的一项•1•已知全集U =R ,集合A 「x|x -1:::0?, B ・0,1,2?,那么e u A 「|B 等于A . :0,1,2?B . d,2?C . :0,1 /2 .已知x ,X y _0,y 满足x _1,x - y _ -2,那么 z = 2x y 的最小值是A. -1 C. 13.执行如右图所示的程序框图,若输出则输入k 的值可以是48B. 0 D. 2B . 6 D . 104.设 1 1 a =log 1 —, b =log 3, c = 3362c > b > a B . c > a > b-x • R , x 2 -bx 1 - 0成立”是“A .5. “A .充分而不必要条件 C .充分必要条件6. 已知抛物线y 2 =8x 的准线与圆心为 么 C^-CB等于m 的值是25 ,1'错误!未找到引用源。

,那么C . 0,11”的B .D .n = n +21r /输出m/4Im = m + n结束LJ必要而不充分条件 既不充分也不必要条件C 的圆 x 2 y 2 2x-8 =0交于 A ,B 两点,那开始n =1,m =1n k否是则该四棱锥侧视图的面积是A • 4、2 B• 4C • 2.2D • 28描金又称泥金画漆,是一种传统工艺美术技艺•起源于战国时期,在漆器表面,用金色描绘花纹的装饰方法,常以黑漆作底,也有少数以朱漆为底•描金工作分为两道工序,第一道工序是上漆,第二道工序是描绘花纹•现甲、乙两位工匠要完成A , B , C三件原料的描金工作,每件原料先由甲上漆,再由乙描绘花纹•每道工序所需的时间(单位:工序\ 原料时间原料A原料B原料C上漆91610描绘花纹15814少需要第二部分(非选择题共110分)、填空题:本大题共6小题,每小题5分,共30分.把答案填在答题卡上•9•已知复数(1-i昭+ai )是纯虚数,那么实数a=____________ .x = 1 ■ t,10•若直线I的参数方程为《(t为参数),则点P(4,0 )到直线I的距离是_______ly = T +t11.已知数列牯,是等比数列,a3=4 , 4=32,那么範= ;记数列4-2 nla6的前n项和为S n,则S n = _______ .12・2位教师和4名学生站成一排合影,要求2位教师站在中间,学生甲不站在两边,则不同排法的种数为 ________________ (结果用数字表示).13 .在△ ABC中,角A , B , C的对边分别为a , b , c,已知B = 60 , b = 4 , 下列判断:A • 43小时B • 46小时C • 47小时D • 49小时①若c =、、3,则角C 有两个解; ③a c 不可能是9.其中判断正确的序号是 __________14.设函数 f(x) =x 2 acosx , a R ,非空集合 M = | f (x) =0, x 三 Rf.① M 中所有元素之和为 ________ ;② 若集合N =& | f (f (x ))=0, x € R },且M = N ,则a 的值是 ____________ . 三、解答题:本大题共 6小题,共80分.解答应写出文字说明,演算步骤或证明过程 15. (本题满分13分)已知函数 f (x )=sin p^cos — + >j 3 cos 2 -.I 2丿 2 2(I)求f x 的最小正周期;(n)求f x 在区间I-:: ,0上的最大值和最小值.16. (本题满分13分)作为北京副中心,通州区的建设不仅成为京津冀协同发展战略的关键节点,也肩负 着医治北京市“大城市病”的历史重任,因此,通州区的发展备受瞩目 • 2017年12月又根据通州区统计局 2018年1月25日发布:2017年通州区全区完成全社会固定资 产投资1054.5亿元,比上年增长 12.2 % .(I)在图二中画出 2017年通州区全区完成全社会固定资产投资(柱状图),标出增长率并补全折线图;(n)通过计算2011-2017这7年的平均增长率约为 17.2 %,现从2011-2017这7年中②若B C 品=12 ,则AC 边上的高为3 3 ;25日发布的《北京市通州区统计年鉴( 定资产投资939.9亿元,比上年增长 会固定资产投资及增长率,如图一 • 图一2017)》显示:2016年通州区全区完成全社会固17.4 %,下面给出的是通州区 2011-2016年全社2011-2016年全社会固定资产投资及增长率.I 全社会固定资产投资 增长率图二2011-2017年全社会固定资产投资及增长率随机选取2个年份,记X 为“选取的2个年份中,增长率高于 17.2 %的年份个数”,求 X 的分布列及数学期望;(川)设2011-2017这7年全社会固定资产投资总额的中位数为x 0,平均数为X ,比较X o 与X 的大小(只需写出结论)PAD _平面ABCD , △ PAD 为等腰直角三角形,PQ//DC , PQ 二 DC =1.(I)求证:PD //平面QBC ; (n)求二面角 Q - BC - A 的余弦值;(川)在线段QB 上是否存在点M ,使得AM 丄平面QBC ,若存在,求 QM 的值;若不存在,请说明理由QB|18. (本题满分13分)已知函数 f (x) = xe X , g(x) = a(e x -1), a R .(I)当 a =1 时,求证:f (x) _g(x);(n)当a 1时,求关于x 的方程f(x)=g(x)的实根个数19. (本题满分13分)2 2X y已知椭圆C :二 2 =1 a b 0的上、下顶点分别为 A , B ,且AB = 2,离心a b寸3率为 ,O 为坐标原点.2(I)求椭圆C 的方程;(n)设P , Q 是椭圆C 上的两个动点(不与A , B 重合),且关于y 轴对称,M , N 分别是OP , BP 的中点,直线AM 与椭圆C 的另一个交点为 D .求证:D , N , Q 三点共线.17.(本题满分14分)如图所示的几何体中,平面■ APD =90,四边形ABCD 为直角梯形,AB // DC , AB _ AD , AB = AD = 2 ,20. (本题满分14分)已知数列4=设■"■a^a n 1 -令n =1,2,3, |||,若数列LaJ为单调增数列或常数列时,则:a n [为凸数列.(I)判断首项a! 0,公比q • 0,且q = 1的等比数列〈韦?是否为凸数列,并说明理由;(n)若玄{为凸数列,求证:对任意的 1 - k :: m ::: n,且k , m , n • N ,均有归至“m1 -a m ,且a m 乞max£,a n?;n「m m「k其中max ^1, a^表示印,a.中较大的数;(川)若玄[为凸数列,且存在t 1 :::t ::: n,t・N,使得a t, a.乞a ,求证:a 二a?二丨11 二a n.6 22JI K所以当x 3 = 3,即 “0时,函数f (x)取得最大值 sin +3 2Tt JI当 x,即 " 5-时,函数 所以f x 在区间I--: ,0〕上的最大值和最小值分别为::/3 和-1 —313高三数学(理科)一模考试参考答案、选择题题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案 B AC PD P B P D CB、填空题12. 2413.②③14. 0, 0三、解答题15.解:(I)因为 f (x )=sin ©-兰 Icos — +\3 cos2—I 2丿 22二 3二 sin I x+ +-.I 3丿2分所以f x 的最小正周期T =2二.6分“ 2 二二(n)因为 x ,I-二,0 J,所以 x+,—3]33」2018.49. -110. 2 n丄211.4, 2 - 1 - n …门 二sin cos- 2 2'一 3 cos 2- 2Jsinx Ucosx2 2f (x)取得最小值10r——j全社会固定资产投资書 增长率(n )依题意,X 的可能取值为0, 1 , 2. 分分X0 122 4 1 P777」241 6所以X 的数学期望E X =0 1 2 . (10)7 7 7 7分(川)X 0 ::: X. (13)分17.解:(I )因为PQ//CD , PQ 二CD ,所以四边形PQCD 是平行四边形 所以 PD//QC.16.解:(I )P (X =O )¥ C 71 17,P (X-,P (X =2) 7_C 322011-2017年全社会固定资产投资及增长率所以二面角Q - BC - A 的余弦值是.6 6 (川)存在.设点 M a,b,c ,QMQB■ '0,11.所以 QM 二 a-1,b,c-1 , QB 二 1,-1,一1 .因为PD 二平面QBC , QC 二平面QBC , 所以PD //平面QBC. 分(n)取AD 的中点为0 ,因为PA =PD ,所以OP _ AD.因为平面PAD _平面ABCD , 0P 二平面PAD , 所以0P _平面ABCD . (5)分以点0为坐标原点,分别以直线0D , 0P 为y 轴,z 轴建立空间直角坐标系Oxyz ,则x 轴在平面ABCD 内.因为一 APD = 90 , AB = AD ==2 , PQ = CD =1 ,所以 A 0, -1,0 , B 2, -1,0 , C 1,1,0 , Q 1,0,1 ,TT所以 BQ 二-1,1,1 , CQ 二 0,-1,1 . 分T” T设平面QBC 的法向量为n = x, y, z ,所以n0,即_x y 0CQ=0,:-y + z = 0.所以乙令z =1,则y =1, x = 2.y =乙 4所以 n 二 2,1,1 .又因为二面角 Q - BC - A 为锐角,设平面ABCD 的法向量为m 二 0,0,1 ,所以 cos n,m 二1 卫、6 1 6所以a — +1, b - - ■ , c - - ■ +1. 所以点M 1^^- 1 .所以AM =皆1, - 1, - 1 .又平面QBC的法向量为n =2,1,1 , AM _平面QBC,所以1所以.3■■ ■ 1 1所以在线段QB上存在点M,使AM —平面QBC,且QMQB的值是-.3141018. 解: (i)设函数F(x)二f x -g x = xe^ae x a.当a =1时,F (x)二xe x-e x 1,所以F '(x) = xe x.所以x (_::,0)时,F '(x) ::: 0 ; x (0, •::)时,F'(x) 0. 所以F (x)在(-皿,0)上单调递减,在(0, •二)上单调递增.所以当x =0时,F(x)取得最小值F(0) =0.所以F(x) _0,即f(x) _g(x).(n)当a 1 时,F'(x) =(x-a 1)e x,令F'(x) • 0,即(x-a 1)e x 0,解得x ・a-1 ;令F '(x) ::: 0 ,即(x -a ■ 1)e x ::: 0,解得x a -1.所以F (x)在(-二,a-1)上单调递减,在(a-1, 上单调递增.所以当x二a-1时,F(x)取得极小值,即F(aT)=a-e a‘.令h(a)二a —e",贝U h'(a) =1 一e a1X 。

北京市通州区2018届高三一模英语试题word版知识分享

北京市通州区2018届高三一模英语试题word版知识分享

通州区2018年高三年级模拟考试英语试卷2018年4月本试卷共10页,共120分。

考试时长100分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。

考试结朿后,将答题卡交回。

第一部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例:It’s so nice to hear from her again. , we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。

1. —What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?—Well, it be big—that’s not important.A. needn’tB. mustn’tC. can’tD. won’t2. The police asked the passers-by if they the accident happen.A. have seenB. sawC. had seenD. would see3. A “Hello” to a stranger is a small thing through it we can make the world better for other persons.A. forB. butC. soD. or4. He noticed that he by a stranger when he was walking in the street.A. was being followedB. was followingC. had followedD. followed5. No one to our complaints, so I will write a letter to the newspaper.A. had respondedB. respondsC. has respondedD. is responding6. Our school will organize a trip to the local mountains, the students to get closeto nature.A. encouragingB. encouragedC. encourageD. having encouraged7. Most city parks are places you can escape from big, ugly structures of metaland stone.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when8. your aunt was so busy, why didn’t she employ someone to help her look after the baby?A. In caseB. Now thatC. As long asD. As if9. we get to know foreign places, we come to understand that there are many differentways to live.A. BeforeB. AlthoughC. UnlessD. As10. If asked to look after luggage for someone else, the police at once.A. informB. informedC. to informD. informing11. English in the future will be quite different from it is today because some of English words may die out.A. whereB. thatC. whenD. what12. I have a desire to take up teaching as my profession when I from the university.A. will graduateB. graduateC. have graduatedD. would graduate13. A study on smog, on the Nature website, caught some top scientists’attention all over the world.A. publishB. publishingC. publishedD. being published14. The children have promised to give us a hand the packing.A. onB. forC. withD. in15. It is evident staying with excellent people can increase the chances of success.A. whyB. whetherC. whenD. that第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1. 5分,共30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

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2通州区2018高三一模考试数 学(理) 2018.4本试卷分第一部分和第二部分两部分,共150分.考试时间长120分钟.考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.第一部分 (选择题 共40分) 一、选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,选出符合题目要求的一项. 1.已知全集U =R ,集合{}|10A x x =-<,{}0,1,2B =,那么()U A B I ð等于 A .{}0,1,2 B .{}1,2 C .{}0,1 D .{}22.已知x ,y 满足0,1,2,x y x x y +≥⎧⎪≤⎨⎪-≥-⎩那么2z x y =+的最小值是A. 1-B. 0C. 1D. 23.执行如右图所示的程序框图,若输出m 的值是25, 则输入k 的值可以是A .4B .6C .8D .104.设131log 6a =,31log 2b =,123c -=,那么A .c b a >>B .c a b >>C .a b c >>D .a c b >>5.“x ∀∈R ,210x bx -+>成立”是“[]0,1b ∈”的A .充分而不必要条件B .必要而不充分条件C .充分必要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件6.已知抛物线28y x =的准线与圆心为C 的圆22280x y x ++-=交于A ,B 两点,那么CA CB -u u u r u u u r等于A .2B ...7.已知四棱锥P ABCD -的底面ABCD 是边长为2的正方形,且它的正视图如图所示, 则该四棱锥侧视图的面积是A ..4 C ..28.描金又称泥金画漆,是一种传统工艺美术技艺. 起源于战国时期,在漆器表面,用金色描绘花纹的装饰方法,常以黑漆作底,也有少数以朱漆为底. 描金工作分为两道工序,第一道工序是上漆,第二道工序是描绘花纹. 现甲、乙两位工匠要完成A ,B ,C 三件原料的描金工作,每则完成这三件原料的描金工作最少需要A .43小时B .46小时C .47小时D .49小时第二部分 (非选择题 共110分)二、填空题:本大题共6小题,每小题5分,共30分.把答案填在答题卡上. 9.已知复数()()1i 1i a -+是纯虚数,那么实数a =_______. 10.若直线l 的参数方程为1,1x t y t=+⎧⎨=-+⎩(t 为参数),则点()4,0P 到直线l 的距离是_______.11.已知数列{}n a 是等比数列,34a =,632a =,那么86a a =_______;记数列{}2n a n - 的前n 项和为n S ,则n S =_______.12.2位教师和4名学生站成一排合影,要求2位教师站在中间,学生甲不站在两边,则不同排法的种数为_______(结果用数字表示).13.在△ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 的对边分别为a ,b ,c ,已知60B =︒,4b =, 下列判断:①若c =C 有两个解;②若12BC BA ⋅=u u u r u u u r,则AC 边上的高为③a c +不可能是9.其中判断正确的序号是_______.14.设函数2()cos f x x a x =+,a ∈R ,非空集合{}|()0,M x f x x ==∈R . ①M 中所有元素之和为_______;②若集合()(){}|0,N x f f x x ==∈R ,且M N =,则a 的值是_______.三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共80分.解答应写出文字说明,演算步骤或证明过程. 15.(本题满分13分)已知函数()2sin cos 222x x x f x π⎛⎫=-+ ⎪⎝⎭. (Ⅰ)求()f x 的最小正周期;(Ⅱ)求()f x 在区间[],0π-上的最大值和最小值.16.(本题满分13分)作为北京副中心,通州区的建设不仅成为京津冀协同发展战略的关键节点,也肩负着医治北京市“大城市病”的历史重任,因此,通州区的发展备受瞩目. 2017年12月25日发布的《北京市通州区统计年鉴(2017)》显示:2016年通州区全区完成全社会固定资产投资939.9 亿元,比上年增长17.4%,下面给出的是通州区2011-2016年全社会固定资产投资及增长率,如图一. 又根据通州区统计局2018年1月25日发布:2017年通州区全区完成全社会固定资产投资1054.5亿元,比上年增长12.2%. (Ⅰ)在图二中画出2017年通州区全区完成全社会固定资产投资(柱状图),标出增长率并补全折线图;(Ⅱ)通过计算2011-2017这7年的平均增长率约为17.2%,现从2011-2017这7年中随机选取2个年份,记X 为“选取的2个年份中,增长率高于17.2%的年份个数”,求X 的分布列及数学期望;(Ⅲ)设2011-2017这7年全社会固定资产投资总额的中位数为0x ,平均数为x ,比较0x 与x 的大小(只需写出结论). 17.(本题满分14分)如图所示的几何体中,平面PAD ⊥平面ABCD ,PAD △为等腰直角三角形, 90APD ∠=o ,四边形ABCD 为直角梯形,//AB DC ,AB AD ⊥,2AB AD ==,//PQ DC ,1PQ DC ==. (Ⅰ)求证://PD 平面QBC ; (Ⅱ)求二面角Q BC A --的余弦值; (Ⅲ)在线段QB 上是否存在点M ,使得AM ⊥平面QBC ,若存在,求QM QB的值;若不存在,请说明理由.18.(本题满分13分)已知函数xxe x f =)(,)1()(-=xe a x g ,a ∈R .(Ⅰ)当1a =时,求证:)()(x g x f ≥;(Ⅱ)当1>a 时,求关于x 的方程)()(x g x f =的实根个数. 19.(本题满分13分)已知椭圆()2222:10x y C a b a b+=>>的上、下顶点分别为A ,B ,且2AB =,离心率为2,O 为坐标原点.Q BCD AP图一(亿元)(%)2011-2016年全社会固定资产投资及增长率201620152014201320122011(Ⅰ)求椭圆C 的方程;(Ⅱ)设P ,Q 是椭圆C 上的两个动点(不与A ,B 重合),且关于y 轴对称,M ,N 分别是OP ,BP 的中点,直线AM 与椭圆C 的另一个交点为D . 求证:D ,N ,Q 三点共线. 20.(本题满分14分)已知数列{}n a ,设()11,2,3,n n n a a a n +∆=-=L ,若数列{}n a ∆为单调增数列或常数列时,则{}n a 为凸数列.(Ⅰ)判断首项01>a ,公比0>q ,且1≠q 的等比数列{}n a 是否为凸数列,并说明理由; (Ⅱ)若{}n a 为凸数列,求证:对任意的1k m n ≤<<,且k ,m ,n ∈N , 均有1n m m k m m a a a aa a n m m k+--≥-≥--,且{}1max ,m n a a a ≤;其中{}1max ,n a a 表示1a ,n a 中较大的数;(Ⅲ)若{}n a 为凸数列,且存在()1,t t n t <<∈N ,使得0t a a ≤,n t a a ≤, 求证:12n a a a ===L .通州区2018高三一模考试参考答案一、选择题二、填空题9.1-11.4,221n n n ---12. 2413.②③14.0,0 三、解答题15. 解:(Ⅰ)因为()2sin cos 222x x x f x π⎛⎫=-+ ⎪⎝⎭2sin cos 222x x x +=1si n 2x x =++sin ++32x π⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭.……………………4分 所以()f x 的最小正周期2.T π=……………………6分 (Ⅱ)因为[],0x π∈-,所以2+,333x πππ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎥⎣⎦. 所以当33x ππ+=,即0x =时,函数)(x f取得最大值sin+32π= 当32x ππ+=-,即56x π=-时,函数取得最小值- 所以()f x 在区间[],0π-和-………………13分 16. 解:(Ⅰ)……………………4分(Ⅱ)依题意,X 的可能取值为0,1,2. ……………………5分24272(0)7C P X C ===,1134274(1)7C C P X C ===,23271(2)7C P X C ===. ………………8分所以X 的分布列为图二(%)201725.020.015.010.05.00.0(亿元)2011-2017年全社会固定资产投资及增长率201620152014201320122011……………………9分所以X 的数学期望()2416012.7777E X =⨯+⨯+⨯=……………………10分 (Ⅲ)0x <. ……………………13分17. 解:(Ⅰ)因为//PQ CD ,PQ CD =,所以四边形PQCD 是平行四边形. 所以//.PD QC因为PD ⊄平面QBC ,QC ⊂平面QBC , 所以//PD 平面.QBC ……………………4分 (Ⅱ)取AD 的中点为O , 因为PA PD =,所以.OP AD ⊥因为平面PAD ⊥平面ABCD ,OP ⊂平面PAD ,所以OP ⊥平面.ABCD ……………………5分以点O 为坐标原点,分别以直线OD ,OP 为y 轴,z 轴建立空间直角坐标系Oxyz ,则x 轴在平面ABCD 内.因为90APD ∠=︒,2AB AD ===,1PQ CD ==, 所以(),,A -010,(),,B -210,(),,C 110,(),,Q 101,所以()1,1,1BQ =-u u u r ,()0,1,1CQ =-u u u r. ……………………7分设平面QBC 的法向量为(),,n x y z =r ,所以,,n BQ n CQ ⎧⋅=⎪⎨⋅=⎪⎩r u u u rr u u u r 00即,.x y z y z -++=⎧⎨-+=⎩00 所以,.x y z y z =+⎧⎨=⎩令1z =,则1y =,2x =.所以()2,1,1n =r. ……………………8分设平面ABCD 的法向量为()0,0,1m =u r,所以cos ,n m ==r u r又因为二面角Q BC A --为锐角,所以二面角Q BC A --……………………10分(Ⅲ)存在. 设点(),,M a b c ,QM QBλ=,[]01.λ∈,所以()1,,1QM a b c =--u u u u r ,()1,1,1.QB =--u u u r所以+1a λ=,b λ=-,+1c λ=-.所以点(),,.M λλλ+--+11所以(),,.AM λλλ=+-+-+u u u u r111又平面QBC 的法向量为()2,1,1n =r ,AM ⊥平面QBC ,所以.λλ+-+=1121所以.λ=13所以在线段QB 上存在点M ,使AM ⊥平面QBC ,且QM QB的值是.13……………14分18. 解:(Ⅰ)设函数()()().xxF x f x g x xe ae a =-=-+当1=a 时,()1x x F x xe e =-+,所以'()xF x xe =.所以)0(,-∞∈x 时,'()0F x <;)0(∞+∈,x 时,'()0F x >. 所以()F x 在)0(,-∞上单调递减,在)0(∞+,上单调递增. 所以当0=x 时,()F x 取得最小值(0)0F =. 所以()0F x ≥,即)()(x g x f ≥.……………………4分 (Ⅱ)当1>a 时,'()(1)xF x x a e =-+,令'()0F x >,即(1)0xx a e -+>,解得1x a >-; 令'()0F x <,即(1)0x x a e -+<,解得 1.x a <-所以()F x 在(1)a -∞-,上单调递减,在(1)a -+∞,上单调递增. 所以当1-=a x 时,()F x 取得极小值,即1(1)a F a a e --=-. ……………………6分令1()a h a a e-=-,则1'()1a h a e-=-.因为1>a ,所以'()0h a <. 所以()h a 在(1,)+∞上单调递减.所以()(1)0h a h <<. 所以(1)0F a -<.又因为()0F a a =>,所以()F x 在区间),1(a a -上存在一个零点. 所以在),1[+∞-a 上存在唯一的零点.……………………10分 又因为()F x 在区间)1,(--∞a 上单调递减,且(0)0F =,所以()F x 在区间)1,(--∞a 上存在唯一的零点0.……………………12分 所以函数)(x h 有且仅有两个零点,即使)()(x g x f =成立的x 的个数是两个. ……………………13分19.解:(Ⅰ)因为椭圆的焦点在x 轴上,2AB =,离心率2e =, 所以1b =,2c a =所以由222a b c =+,得2 4.a = 所以椭圆C 的标准方程是22 1.4x y +=……………………3分 (Ⅱ)设点P 的坐标为()00,x y ,所以Q 的坐标为()00,x y -. 因为M ,N 分别是OP ,BP 的中点, 所以M 点的坐标为00,22x y ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭,N 点的坐标为001,22x y -⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭.……………………4分 所以直线AD 的方程为0021y y x x -=+. ……………………6分 代入椭圆方程2214x y +=中,整理得()()222000042820.x y x x y x ⎡⎤+-+-=⎣⎦ 所以0x =,或()()()0000220008222=.5442x y x y x y x y --=-+-所以()2000000002222431.5454x y y y y y x y y ---+-=⋅+=--所以D 的坐标为()200000022243,5454x y y y y y -⎛⎫-+- ⎪--⎝⎭.……………………10分所以000000112.32QNy y y k x x x --+==-+又()20000000000243541.22354QD y y y y y k x y x x y -+---+==--+-所以D ,N ,Q 三点共线.……………………13分20.解:(Ⅰ)因为+12+1n n n a a a +∆=-,1n n n a a a +∆=-,所以+12+12n n n n n a a a a a +∆-∆=+-22n n n a q a a q =+-()()22121.n n a q q a q =+-=-因为,公比,且,所以0n a >,()210.q ->所以()210.n a q ->所以等比数列{}n a 为凸数列.……………………3分 (Ⅱ)因为数列}{n a 为凸数列,所以11=m m m m a a a a ++--,211m m m m a a a a +++-≥-,321m m m m a a a a +++-≥-,…,11.m n m m n m m m a a a a +-+--+-≥-叠加得()1()n m m m a a n m a a +-≥--. 所以1.n mm m a a a a n m+-≥--同理可证1.m km m a a a a m k+-≤--综上所述,1n m m k m m a a a aa a n m m k+--≥-≥--.……………………7分因为n m m k a a a a n m m k--≥--,所以()()()().n m m k m k a k m a n m a m n a -+-≥-+-所以()()().n k m m k a n m a n k a -+-≥-令1k =,()()11()1.n m m a n m a n a -+-≥-所以11.11m n m n m a a a n n --⎛⎫≤+ ⎪--⎝⎭若1n a a ≤,则111()().1111m n n n n m n m m n ma a a a a a n n n n ----≤+≤+=----若1n a a ≥,则111111()().1111m n m n m m n ma a a a a a n n n n ----≤+≤+=---- 所以{}1max ,.m n a a a ≤……………………10分 (Ⅲ)设p a 为凸数列}{n a 中任意一项, 由(Ⅱ)可知,1max{,}.p n t a a a a ≤≤再由(Ⅱ)可知,对任意的1p m n ≤<<均有1m p n mm ma a a a a a n m m p+--≥-≥--, (1)当1p t n ≤<<时,t pn t a a a a n t t p--≥--. 又因为n t a a ≤,所以0.t pn t a a a a n t t p --≥≥--所以.p t a a ≥ (2)当1t p n <<≤时,11p t t a a a a p t t --≥--. 又因为1t a a ≤,所以10.1p t t a a a a p tt --≥≥--所以.p t a a ≥ (3)当p t =时,.p t a a = 所以.p t a a ≥ 综上所述,.p t a a =所以12n a a a ===L .……………………14分。

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