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The comparison of hair from gastric cancer patients and from healthy persons studied by infrared microspectroscopy and imaging using synchrotron radiation

Xin Wang a ,b ,Zeming Qi a ,**,Xingcun Liu c ,Shengyi Wang c ,Chengxiang Li a ,Gang Liu a ,Yin Xiong a ,Tingting Li a ,Jinqiu Tao b ,Yangchao Tian a ,*

a

National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory,University of Science and Technology of China,42#Hezuohua Road,Hefei,Anhui 230029,China b

College of Basic Medicine,Anhui Medical University,Hefei,Anhui 230032,China c

The First Affiliated Hospital,Anhui Medical University,Hefei,Anhui 230032,China

1.Introduction

As gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in China and in the world,many methods have been developed to improve early diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in order to reduce the occurrence of it and the mortality caused by it [1–3].Although histopathology is the gold standard for cancer diagnosis currently,it has several disadvantages such as it strongly depends on the pathologists’judgements [2].Therefore,it is urgent to develop a simple and convenient method for early diagnosis of gastric cancer.Since FTIR spectroscopy can display biological changes in diseased cells and tissues during the process of carcinogenesis,it has been widely used for cancer diagnosis recently [1,2].

The using of infrared microspectroscopy and imaging is a rapid progress area for cancer research and diagnosis.For example,lung cancer [4],stained and unstained histotomic sections of oral tissues [5],stomach adenoma and cancer [6],cervical cancer [7]were examined by IR microspectroscopy.However,there are few detailed studies on the diagnosis of gastric cancer by IR spectro-

scopy [6].Fujioka et al.reported the differences between infrared spectra of normal and neoplastic human gastric cells [1]and significant increase in infrared absorption in the region of 925–1660cm À1between infrared spectra of normal and malignant tissues [2]was observed.Xu et al.reported the use of mid-FTIR ATR method in the clinical study of gastric carcinoma and gastritis [8].Park et ed IR microspectroscopy as a tool for diagnosis of stomach adenoma and cancer by studying unstained biopsy samples [6].But these studies were carried on by investigating samples obtained from resected stomach or gastroscope,there may be several disadvantages including the difficulty to gain stomach tissues and the pain that the patients suffered.In addition,most of these studies were based on infrared spectroscopy,but not on microspectroscopy and imaging which can explore structure and component in micro-region and provide more valuable and detailed information.Therefore,it is very important to develop and apply such a micro-probe and imaging method for early and rapid diagnosis of gastric cancer.

According to Chinese traditional medicine,human hair and finger nails can reflect the health condition of human pared with tissues from resected stomach or gastroscope,hair tissue is easier to obtain and is especially suitable for rapid preparatory diagnosis.Some studies have shown the obvious differences in the IR spectroscopy of the hair [9]and nail tissues [10,11]between normal people and cancer sufferers.For example,Lyman et al.made the conclusion that the presence of breast cancer

Cancer Epidemiology xxx (2010)xxx–xxx

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A R T I C L E I N F O Article history:

Accepted 27March 2010

Keywords:Human hair Gastric cancer

Synchrotron-based Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy Chemical imaging

A B S T R A C T

Objective :The objective is to apply synchrotron-based FTIR microspectroscopy and imaging to human hair tissue and investigate the possibility of the method in gastric cancer research and diagnosis.Methods :Human hair from gastric cancer patients’scalp and normal persons’scalp were studied by synchrotron-based FTIR microspectroscopy and imaging.Results :The micro-spectra and imaging show the difference between the normal and malignant hair tissues.Obvious peak shift of symmetric phosphate band is observed in micro-spectra of medulla region for the hair tissue of gastric cancer patients.Chemical imaging shows the distributions of lipid and amide II/v s PO 2Àhave changed in the gastric cancer cases.Conclusions :The study indicates that the hair tissue’s infrared microspectroscopy and imaging using synchrotron will be a potentially useful method for rapid early gastric cancer diagnosis.

ß2010Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Abbreviations:IR,infrared;FTIR,Fourier transform infrared;FTIR-ATR,Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflection.

*Corresponding author.Tel.:+865513601844;fax:+865515141078.**Corresponding author.Tel.:+865513603842;fax:+865515141078.E-mail addresses:zmqi@ (Z.Qi),ychtian@ (Y.

Tian).Please cite this article in press as:Wang X,et al.The comparison of hair from gastric cancer patients and from healthy persons studied by infrared microspectroscopy and imaging using synchrotron radiation.Cancer Epidemiology (2010),doi:10.1016/j.canep.2010.03.016

Contents lists available at ScienceDirect

Cancer Epidemiology

The International Journal of Cancer Epidemiology,Detection,and Prevention

j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e :w w w.c a n c e r e p i d e m i o l o g y.n e t

1877-7821/$–see front matter ß2010Published by Elsevier Ltd.doi:10.1016/j.canep.2010.03.016