美国与俄罗斯关系【英文】

US - Russian Relations
Issue of world order & US's place in it: Clinton's US neither willing or able to play world policeman Domestic reasons: Clinton sensitive to the fact that a peaceful world was needed for domestic advances Little money actually appeared ($1.6bln) to help the new Russia weakened his credibility & left Russian allies exposed Main t来自百度文库rust of US policy to Russia no different to Bush, fuelled non-Russian suspicion of US motives
US - Russian Relations
Legacy from Reagan to Bush in foreign policy was improved relations with Soviet Union: collapse gave Bush opportunity to refashion foreign policy Two prior attempts to construct a partnership with SU:
US - Russian Relations
First concern for Clinton presidency: success of the reforms in Russia itself need for a strategic alliance
support of reform process - promote US investment, lay foundations for market economy success help in managing the transition from empire to self-determination: contribution to international stability Russia still possessed a substantial nuclear arsenal: imperative to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons
US - Russian Relations
US strategy based on assumption that there was an identity of interest between Russia & US on wider issues - taken to task by Yeltsin, Russia not be so compliant NATO expansion - no contradiction between desire to engage with Russia & with to assure Eastern European states that they had a future in NATO Anti-reform vote in Russia in 1993 led to crisis in US - too much shock not enough therapycriticised by the IMF, administration split between liberals & monetarists - assurance of a
US - Russian Relations
Incessant criticism of Clinton's policy towards Russia - climax in Strobe Talbott's confirmation hearings as Deputy Sec. of State in in Feb. 94 Strategy based on an over-optimistic set of assumptions on Russia's potential to become a stable, capitalist country; not yet ready for partnership; inclined to authoritarianism Change in policy - upgrade in relationship with Ukraine, linked with attempts to draw Russia closer to west - IMF loan of $1.5billion to Russia support of reform program Invasion of Chechnya in 1994 increased tensions
post-1945 attempt by FDR to draw Soviets into a liberal-international world order: Nixonian attempt at superpower dé tente
US - Russian Relations
1992 election: Clinton argued that Bush had failed on 3 levels:
misjudged loyalty to Gorbachev & failure to support Yeltshin early enough more concerned with preserving integrity of SU than in supporting cause of selfdetermination - betrayal of US principles going back to the Wilsonian tradition question of Aid: Bush too cautious, what was needed was more material support - in US interest