英语科技论文常用句型结构-new

英语科技论文常用句型结构-new

英语科技论文常用句型结构

1. Introduction(引言):引言中作者通常提出问题并说明论文的研究目的。

1）研究目的

（1）论文导向使用paper, thesis或dissertation这样的特征名词，直接提及研究论文本身，而且此类句子通常采用一般现在时态。常用的句型有：

The purpose of this paper is…/The aim of this report is…/The objective of the paper is to obtain quantitative about the particles size distribution/to model the dynamic behavior in the super-or near-critical CO2 extraction.

（2）研究导向study, research, investigation或experiment等特征名词被用来强调研究活动本身。这类句子是表达已经过去的事情，所以使用一般过去时态。

The purpose of the experiment reported here was…/The aim of this study was…/The objective of this research was to determine the preferred viewing distance for work at a visual display unit./to examine the apparent osmotic behavior of some contemporary commercial reverse osmosis membranes.

或用被动结构：In the research described here, /In this study, /In the present investigation, /In this research, /In the experiments

reported here, vertical nutrient mixing in late summer in a test area 20 kilometers off the coast was examined.

描述研究目的时，最简单的句型是用this paper, this study, this project, this research等词做主语，后面用实意动词作谓语，如investigate, discuss, examine, test等，宾语为研究内容。即This paper/This study/This project/The present study/This research/Our project/This survey/This thesis concerns/tests/investigates/reports/discusses/describes/explains/calcul ates/examines/analyses/proposes/demonstrates/evaluates/measures….

2）研究价值

Although much research has been devoted to A, /While much work has been done on A, /Although many studies have been published concerning A, / While many researchers have investigated A, /Although much literature is available on A, little research has been done on B. / little attention has been paid to B. /little information is available on B. / little work has been published on B. /few researchers have studied B. / few studies have investigated B.

在这一步骤中，作者通过指明过去相关研究中尚未处理或解决的问题或所派生出的新问题，常用句型的时态是一般现在时和现在完成时。

2. Body （正文）

1）theory base理论分析的常用句型

在正文部分的假设、理论分析、数理模型的建立以及计算过程中，常常要推导并描述公式，作者应了解和掌握描述公式的基本句型。科技论文理论分析部分中资料大部分表达数字与逻辑关系，句型使用一般现在时态。

Substituting M in/into N, we obtain/have/get ….

Substituting M/Substitution of M in/into N gives/yields/ produces/ results in….

Let us now consider the case: the dynamic link parameters are unknown.

If m=1.2, then we have the following equations:….

Given that m =1.2, we obtain….

The equation for Aˊcan be written(expressed)as….

The relationship between m and n is as follows:….

A is inversely proportional to B, as shown below.

If the same material is used, the above equation reduces to….

We will now reduce Eq. (3) to a simpler form:….

The mass velocity G is defined as.…

We will now integrate Equation (2) in order to derive the solution.

2) diagram图表文字说明中的常用句型

在文字说明中，如果提及图表，表格用“Table+序号”表示，如“Table 1 shows…”。其他各种类型的图都可以用“Figure+序号”表示，如“From Figure 2 we learn…”。“Figure”这个词可以简缩为“Fig.”，