(完整版)环境工程专业英语重点句子考试总结

名词解释5个

汉译英20个

英译汉20个

翻译5个

作文1个

（老师说：注意看注释）

名词解释：

①Environment is the physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us；that which we can see，hear，touch，smell，and taste.

“环境”是围绕在我们周围物质生命的栖息地，在那里我们可以看到，听到，触到，闻到和品尝到。

②System, a set or arrangement of things so related or connected as to form a unit or organic whole.

“系统”，一组或一系列能形成一个整体或者有机整体的相互关联的事物。

③Pollution, an undesirable change in the physical，chemical，or biological characteristics of the air，water，or land that can harmfully affect the health，survival，or activities of humans or other living organisms.

“污染”，有害影响健康，生存，活动的人或其它生物体的空气，水，或土地的物理，化学或生物特性的不应该有的变化。

④Source reduction: Any action that reduces the amount of waste exiting a process.

“资源减量化”：减少在于一个过程中的大量废物的任何行为。

⑤Waste minimization: The reduction to the extent feasible, of waste that is generated or subsequently treated, stored, or disposed of.

“废物最少化”：产生的废物最大程度减少，然后处理，存储，或者处置。

句子：

这些句子有三处来源：上课老师强调的，课后习题的，还有课后NOTES里的。

侧重性依次是：（老师强调）> （课后习题）> （NOTES）

Unit 1: Environmental Engineering

环境工程

In an agrarian society, people lived essentially in harmony with mature, raising food, gathering firewood, and making clothing and tools from the land.在农业社会，人们基本上能与自然和谐地相处,他们在陆地上种植食物,收集木材,做衣服和工具。（老师强调）

The wastes from animals and humans were returned to the soil as fertilizer. Few, if any, problems of water, land, or air pollution occurred.动物和人类排放的废物作为肥料又返到土地中。很少有水污染、土地污染、和空气污染问题产生。（老师强调）

Unit 2: Historical Overview of Hazardous Substance Disposal in the USA

回顾美国处置危险物品的历史

As a result, industries that generated large quantities of these waste materials now had to ensure that the materials were disposed of in the a manner that was safe for the environment.结果导致产生大量废物的企业现在不得不确保这些物。（老师强调）

Although sufficient legislation is now in place to solve the problem of hazardous waste disposal,it is unlikely that a true solution will be achieved for 20 years or longer.尽管现在有足够的法规来解决有害物质的处理问题，但是在二十年或更长的时间内是不可能真正的解决的。（老师强调）

Only through interaction between industry scientists, and government regulators will true solutions be finally realized.只有通过工业界，科学家和政府部门的共同努力，才能最终得到解决。（老师强调+NOTES）

Unit 5: Type and Sources of Air Pollutants

空气污染物的类型和来源

The geographic location of some heavily populated cities, such as Los Angeles and Mexico City, makes them particularly susceptible to frequent air stagnation and pollution buildup.一些人口稠密的城市的地理位置，例如洛杉矶和墨西哥城，使他们特别容易受到频繁的空气停滞和空气污染累积的影响。（NOTES）

By themselves , measured concentrations tell us nothing about the danger caused by pollutants , because threshold levels , synergy, and biological magnification are also determining factors.通过测出的浓度自身并不能告知我们有关污染物所带来的危险的信息，因为临界浓度、协同作用还有生物放大效应都是决定因素。（NOTES）

Unit 6: Effects on Climate and Ecological Environment

对气候和生态环境的影响

The most sever consequence of CO2 induced global warming would be melting of the polar ice caps and the subsequent rise of ocean levels and inundation of coastal plains. 二氧化碳引起全球变暖最严重的后果是，极地冰川融化、海平面上升，沿海平原将被淹没。（习题：英译汉）Although global warming from the already elevated levels of atmospheric CO2 has been predicted by most climatic models, such a warming has not been empirically observed.虽然很多气候模型预言了大气中二氧化碳水平的升高会引起全球变暖，但是这种变暖并没有实际观察到。（习题：英译汉）

Confirmation of the effect of CO2 on climate has been confounded by the natural fluctuations in climate and average global surface temperatures.自然气候和全球平均地表温度的波动一直干扰着二氧化碳对气候影响的证实。（NOTES）

Although they indicate trends in average surface temperatures and climate, they unfortunately coincide with increased industrialization and pollution.虽然这些记录表明了平均表面温度和气候的发展趋势，遗憾的是，这些记录又碰巧与工业化的增加和污染重合了。（习题：英译汉）

The uncertainties associated with sink mechanisms considerable complicate the problem of determining the world carbon budget and prediction of future atmosphere CO2 levels.吸收机制的不确定性相当大程度地使世界碳量平衡和预计未来大气CO2水平问题复杂化。（NOTES）