数控车床外文翻译3
【机械英文】来看，常见机床相关英文！
【机械英文】来看，常见机床相关英文！
C(Computer Numerical Control) machine 数控机床
例如：
One of the advantage of a CNC machine is that it improves automation.
数控机床的其中一大优势便是提高自动化程度。
2.machine tools 机床
例如：
As you know, we supply all kinds and sizes of machine tools around the world.
您知道，我们在全球范围内供应各种类型和尺码的机床。
3.serve drive system 伺服驱动系统
例如：
Typically,a CNC machine mainly consists of CNC device,serve drive system,machine,and the like.
一般而言，数控机床由数控装置、伺服驱动系统以及机床本体等部分组成。
4.bending machine 弯曲机
例如：
Before you use the bending machine,you need to check it according to the Level 1 maintenance requirements.
在使用弯曲机之前，你需要根据一级维护要求，对弯曲机进行点检。
5.spindle orientation failure 主轴定向失败
例如：
How to deal with the warning of spindle orientation failure?
如何处理主轴定位失败报警问题？。
数控车床工作名词中英文转换
车床工作名词（英文）CNC:computer numerical control工作台：(机)operating platform. service stand直径：diameter. Dia. Conjugate diameter(共轭直径)工作件：work piece扭矩：torque刀架：(机)tool post, knife rest进给量：feed rate 指的是刀具在进给运动方向上相对于工件的位移量垂直：vertical滑枕行程：ram travel ram (机)活塞横梁：beam, crossgirder刀杆：toolbar, cutterbar截面: section, cross section车削：turning , turnery镗：bore铣：mill切槽：grooving, fluting直角铣头：right-angle cutter head or milling head冶金：metallurgy汽轮机：turbine, steam turbine(涡轮机)直齿：（机）straight tooth, spur gear （机）正齿轮斜齿：helical tooth, helical 螺旋形的圆柱齿轮：cylindrical gear涡轮：turbine, worm wheel铣刀：milling cutter, milling-tool滚齿机，滚刀：hobbing反向机构：reverse mechanism人字齿轮：herringbone gear, double helical gear自动循环：automatic cycle滚珠：ball bearing, roll ball丝杠：lead screw螺距：screw pitch, thread pitch蜗杆：worm啮合：mesh, meshing加工模数：processing modulus孔径：aperture, bore diameter(孔径，内径)轴线：axis（轴，轴线）,axes（轴线，轴心，坐标轴）轮廓：outline龙门铣床：planomiller, planer type milling machine轴承：bearing,bearings（复）, axletree(轮轴)NSK: （Nippon Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha）日本精工株式会社门柱：post定位：fixed postion, location精度：precision（精度，）, accuracy(数)精确度，准确性承重：load-bearing三轴：triaxial硬轨：pathway矩形：rectangle滑道：slideway, slide rail导轨：guide rail, lead rail底座：foundation, base, bottom case力流原理：power(weight,force) flow principle滑鞍：carriage, saddle超音频：superaudio, superaudio frequency硬化处理：hardening treatment, curing研磨：grind注塑：injection molding摩擦力：friction, frictional force预紧：Pre-tighten。
机床行业术语中英文对照，一人一份！
机床⾏业术语中英⽂对照，⼀⼈⼀份！⼯艺、轴引领机械前沿、机械视频，汽车、加⼯技术、3D打印、⾃动化、机器⼈、⽣产打印、⾃动化、机器⼈、⽣产⼯艺、轴承、模具、机床、钣⾦等⾏业前沿在这⾥等你搞数控加⼯，有时候了解学习国外技术或者产品时，免不了要与英⽂打交道。
往往很多常见的设备或者产品，明明很熟悉，就是拿不准英⽂的正确叫法，今天就为⼤家分享数控加⼯中常见的设备中英⽂对照。
先看⼏个常见的nc milling 数控铣床nc turning 数控车床nc grinding 数控磨床turning center 车削中⼼（1）：按英⽂字母排序3-Jaws indexing spacers 三⽖、分割⼯具头A.T.C.system 加⼯中⼼机⼑库Boring heads 搪孔头Boring machines 镗床Casting,aluminium 铸铝Casting,copper 铸铜Casting,gray iron 铸灰⼝铁Casting,malleable iron 可锻铸铁Casting,steel 铸钢Chamfer machines 倒⾓机Clamping/holding systems 夹具/⽀持系统CNC bending presses 电脑数控弯折机CNC boring machines 电脑数控镗床CNC drilling machines 电脑数控钻床CNC EDM wire-cutting machines 电脑数控电⽕花线切削机CNC electric discharge machines 电脑数控电⽕花机CNC engraving machines 电脑数控雕刻机CNC grinding machines 电脑数控磨床CNC lathes 电脑数控车床CNC machine tool fittings 电脑数控机床配件CNC milling machines 电脑数控铣床CNC shearing machines 电脑数控剪切机CNC toolings CNC⼑杆CNC wire-cutting machines 电脑数控线切削机Coolers 冷却机Cutters ⼑具Diamond cutters 钻⽯⼑具Die casting dies 压铸冲模Die casting machines 压铸机Disposable toolholder bits 舍弃式⼑头Drilling machines 钻床Drilling machines bench 钻床⼯作台Drilling machines,high-speed ⾼速钻床Drilling machines,multi-spindle 多轴钻床Drilling machines,radial 摇臂钻床Drilling machines,vertical ⽴式钻床drills 钻头Electric discharge machines(EDM) 电⽕花机Electric power tools 电动⼑具Engraving machines 雕刻机Engraving machines,laser 激光雕刻机Etching machines 蚀刻机Fixture 夹具Forging,aluminium 锻铝Forging,cold 冷锻Forging,copper 铜锻Forging,other 其他锻造Forging,steel 钢锻Foundry equipment 铸造设备Gear cutting machines 齿轮切削机Gears 齿轮Grinder bench 磨床⼯作台Grinders,thread 螺纹磨床Grinders,tools & cutters ⼯具磨床Grinding machines 磨床Grinding machines,centerless ⽆⼼磨床Grinding machines,cylindrical 外圆磨床Grinding machines,universal 万能磨床Grinding tools 磨削⼯具Grinding wheels 磨轮Hand tools ⼿⼯具Honing machines 搪磨机Hydraulic components 液压元件Hydraulic power tools 液压⼯具Hydraulic power units 液压动⼒元件Hydraulic rotary cylinders 液压回转缸Jigs 钻模Lapping machines,centerless ⽆⼼精研机Lathe bench 车床⼯作台Lathes,automatic ⾃动车床Lathes,heavy-duty 重型车床Lathes,high-speed ⾼速车床Lathes,turret 六⾓车床Lathes,vertical ⽴式车床Lubricants 润滑液Lubrication Systems 润滑系统Machining centers,general 通⽤加⼯中⼼Machining centers,horizontal 卧式加⼯中⼼Machining centers,horizontal & vertical 卧式及⽴式加⼯中⼼Machining centers,vertical ⽴式加⼯中⼼Machining centers,vertical double-column type ⽴式双柱加⼯中⼼Magnetic tools 磁性⼯具Milling heads 铣头Milling machines 铣床Milling machines,bed type 床⾝式铣床Milling machines,duplicating 仿形铣床Milling machines,horizontal 卧式铣床Milling machines,turret vertical 六⾓⽴式铣床Milling machines,universal 万能铣床Milling machines,vertical ⽴式铣床Milling machines,vertical & horizontal ⽴式及卧式铣床Mold repair 模具维修Molds 模具Nail making machines 造钉机Oil coolers 油冷却器Planing machines 刨床Pneumatic power tools ⽓动⼯具Powder metallurgic forming machines 粉末冶⾦成型机Sawing machines 锯床Sawing machines,band 带锯床Saws,band 带锯Saws,hack ⼸锯Saws,horizontal band 卧式带锯Saws,vertical band ⽴式带锯shafts 轴Shapers ⽜头刨床Shearing machines 剪切机Slotting machines 插床spindles 主轴Tapping machines 攻螺丝机Vises 虎钳Vises,tool-maker 精密平⼝钳Wheel dressers 砂轮修整器（2）按中⽂拼⾳字母排序铝轮冒⼝切断机 Overflow cutting machines for aluminium wheels 离⼼压⼒机 Presses,eccentric六⾓⽴式铣床 Milling machines,turret vertical六⾓车床 Lathes,turret螺栓,螺帽及螺丝 Bolts,screws & nuts螺纹磨床 Grinders,thread冷却机 Coolers冷锻 Forging,cold冷锻冲压机 Presses,cold forging⽴式双柱加⼯中⼼ Machining centers,vertical double-column type⽴式铣床 Milling machines,vertical⽴式油压拉床 Vertical hydraulic broaching machine⽴式刨床 Planing machines vertical⽴式车床 Lathes,vertical⽴式带锯 Saws,vertical band⽴式加⼯中⼼ Machining centers,vertical⽴式及卧式铣床 Milling machines,vertical & horizontal⽴式钻床 Drilling machines,vertical联轴器 Coupling连续溶解保温炉 Aluminum continuous melting & holding furnaces 连续冲模 Dies-progressive链传动 Chain drive切断机 Cutting-off machinesCNC⼑杆 CNC toolings曲柄压⼒机 presses,crank修整机 Finishing machines舍弃式⼑头 Disposable toolholder bits润滑系统 Lubrication Systems润滑液 Lubricants熔热处理炉 Heating treatment funaces三⽖、分割⼯具头 3-Jaws indexing spacers伺服冲床 Presses,servo输送链 Conveying chains⼿⼯具 Hand tools砂轮修整器 Wheel dressers蚀刻机 Etching machines外圆磨床 Grinding machines,cylindrical搪磨机 Honing machines搪孔头 Boring heads卧式铣床 Milling machines,horizontal卧式带锯 Saws,horizontal band卧式加⼯中⼼ Machining centers,horizontal卧式及⽴式加⼯中⼼ Machining centers,horizontal & vertical万能铣床 Milling machines,universal万能磨床 Grinding machines,universal镗床 Boring machines弯曲机 Bending machines弯管机 Tube bending machines通⽤加⼯中⼼ Machining centers,general铜锻 Forging,copper铣头 Milling heads铣床 Milling machines⽆⼼磨床 Grinding machines,centerless⽆⼼精研机 Lapping machines,centerless压模 Pressing dies压铸冲模 Die casting dies压铸机 Die casting machines油冷却器 Oil coolers造链机 Chain making tools造线机 Cable making tools造钉机 Nail making machines印刷电器板油压冲孔脱料系统 PCB fine piecing systems摇臂钻床 Drilling machines,radial硬(软)板(⽚)材及⾃由发泡板机组 Hard/soft and free expansion sheet making plant辗压机 Rolling machines液压元件 Hydraulic components液压冲床 Presses,hydraulic液压动⼒元件 Hydraulic power units液压⼯具 Hydraulic power tools液压回转缸 Hydraulic rotary cylindersP型PVC⾼分⼦防⽔ P type PVC waterproof rolled sheet making plant刨床 Planing machines⽜头刨床 Shapers其他铸造 Casting,other其他锻造 Forging,other模芯 Mold core模具 Molds模具维修 Mold repair模具打磨/磨纹 Mold polishing/texturing模具单元 Mold & die components模具加热器/冷却器 Mold heaters/chillers磨轮 Grinding wheels磨削⼯具 Grinding tools磨床 Grinding machines磨床⼯作台 Grinder bench平衡设备 Balancing equipment⽓油压虎钳 Pneumatic hydraulic clamps⽓动冲床 Presses,pneumatic⽓动⼯具 Pneumatic power tools轴 shafts轴承 Bearings轴承配件 Bearing fittings轴承加⼯机 Bearing processing equipment肘杆式压⼒机 Presses,knuckle joint铸铝 Casting,aluminium铸铜 Casting,copper铸造设备 Foundry equipment铸钢 Casting,steel铸灰⼝铁 Casting,gray iron织麦激光切割机 Woven-Cutting machines重⼒铸造机 Gravity casting machines重型车床 Lathes,heavy-duty主轴 spindles扳⼿ Wrenches拔丝机 Drawing machines保温炉 Heat preserving furnaces插床 Slotting machines齿轮 Gears齿轮切削机 Gear cutting machines冲压机 Stamping parts冲⼦研磨器 Punch formers超声波打磨机 Grinders,ultrasonic车床⼯作台 Lathe bench磁性⼯具 Magnetic tools传动链 Transmitted chains床⾝式铣床 Milling machines,bed type带传动 Belt drive带锯 Saws,band带锯床 Sawing machines,band电脑数控镗床 CNC boring machines电脑数控弯折机 CNC bending presses电脑数控铣床 CNC milling machines电脑数控线切削机 CNC wire-cutting machines电脑数控磨床 CNC grinding machines电脑数控车床 CNC lathes电脑数控电⽕花线切削机 CNC EDM wire-cutting machines 电脑数控电⽕花机 CNC electric discharge machines电脑数控雕刻机 CNC engraving machines电脑数控机床配件 CNC machine tool fittings电脑数控剪切机 CNC shearing machines电脑数控钻床 CNC drilling machines电动⼑具 Electric power tools电⽕花机 Electric discharge machines(EDM)雕刻机 Engraving machines⼑⽚ Blades⼑具 Cutters倒⾓机 Chamfer machines多轴钻床 Drilling machines,multi-spindle锻铝 Forging,aluminium锻压机 Presses,forging锻模 Forging dies仿形铣床 Milling machines,duplicating粉末冶⾦成型机 Powder metallurgic forming machines反射炉 Reverberatory furnaces钢锻 Forging,steel⾼速车床 Lathes,high-speed⾼速钻床 Drilling machines,high-speed管筒制造机 Pipe & tube making machines滚筒 Rollers⼯具磨床 Grinders,tools & cutters攻螺丝机 Tapping machines⼸锯 Saws,hack虎钳 Vises换模系统 Mold changing systems夹盘 Chucks夹具 Fixture夹具/⽀持系统 Clamping/holding systems剪切机 Shearing machines加⼯中⼼机⼑库 A.T.C.system激光切割 Laser cutting激光雕刻机 Engraving machines,laser激光钢板切割机 Laser cutting for SMT stensil集合管 Manifolds矫直机 Straightening machines⾦属板成型机 Sheet metal forming machines⾦属板加⼯机 Sheet metal working machines锯⽚ Blades,saw锯床 Sawing machines卷边⼯具 Crimping tools晶圆切割机 Dicing saws精密平⼝钳 Vises,tool-maker精研机 Lapping machines可锻铸铁 Casting,malleable iron快速换模系统 Quick mold change systems卡⼝ Bayonet开关及按钮 Switches & buttons钻⽯⼑具 Diamond cutters钻头 drills钻模 Jigs钻床 Drilling machines钻床⼯作台 Drilling machines bench⾃动压⼒机 Presses,transfer⾃动车床 Lathes,automatic注油机 Lubricators转台 Rotary tables你们对这个如何看，在下⾯留⾔⼤家⼀起评机械前沿： jixieqianyan机械前沿｜机械技术｜机械视频｜机械资讯。
数控车床外文翻译3
本科生毕业设计 (论文)
外文翻译
原文标题数控车床
译文标题Numerical Control Lathes
作者所在系机械工程系
作者所在专机械设计制造及其自动化作者所在班
作者姓名
作者学号
指导教师姓
指导教师职
完成时间2012 年 2 月28
注：1. 指导教师对译文进行评阅时应注意以下几个方面：①翻译的外文文献与毕业设计（论文）的主题是否高度相关，并作为外文参考文献列入毕业设计（论文）的参考文献；②翻译的外文文献字数是否达到规定数量（3 000字以上）；③译文语言是否准确、通顺、具有参考价值。
2. 外文原文应以附件的方式置于译文之后。
机床行业中英文对照
机床行业中英文对照下面是机床行业中常见的英文对照：- 机床行业：Machine tool industry- 机床：Machine tool- 数控机床：Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine tool - 金属切削机床：Metal cutting machine tool- 金属加工机床：Metal processing machine tool- 金属成型机床：Metal forming machine tool- 车床：Lathe- 铣床：Milling machine- 钻床：Drilling machine- 磨床：Grinding machine- 塑料加工机床：Plastic processing machine tool- 精密机床：Precision machine tool- 自动化机床：Automated machine tool- 机床控制系统：Machine tool control system- 数控系统：Numerical control system- 机床加工能力：Machine tool processing capacity- 加工精度：Processing accuracy- 切削速度：Cutting speed- 进给速度：Feed rate- 主轴转速：Spindle speed- 工件夹紧：Workpiece clamping- 工件定位：Workpiece positioning- 刀具选择：Tool selection- 刀具更换：Tool change- 冷却液：Coolant- 刀柄：Tool holder- 加工中心：Machining center- 排屑：Chip removal- 刀具磨损：Tool wear- 折弯机：Bending machine- 冲床：Punching machine- 压力机：Press machine- 剪板机：Shearing machine- 抛光机：Polishing machine- 螺纹机床：Thread cutting machine tool - 铸造机床：Casting machine tool- 灰铁：Gray iron- 球墨铸铁：Ductile iron- 铝合金：Aluminum alloy- 不锈钢：Stainless steel- 最大加工尺寸：Maximum processing size - 机床设计：Machine tool design- 机床制造：Machine tool manufacturing - 机床市场：Machine tool market- 机床出口：Machine tool export- 机床进口：Machine tool import- 机床行业协会：Machine tool industry association。
机床专业英语明细（部分整理）
机床专业英语明细（部分整理）关于机床的英文翻译A．金属切削机床—Metal Cutting Machine Tools1.0 车床（含数控）--Lathe (CNC included)1.1 卧式车床—Horizontal lathes1.2 立式车床—Vertical lathes1.3 多轴车床—Multi-spindle lathes1.4 多刀车床—Multi-tool lathes1.5 超精车床—Ultra-precision turning mathines1.6 专用车床—Special purpose lathes1.7 车削中心—Turning center1.8 车/铣复合中心—Turning/Milling machines1.9 其他—Others2.0铣床（含数控）--Milling Machines (CNC included)2.1 升降台铣床—Knee type milling machines2.2 万能工具铣床—Universal tool milling machines2.3 床身式铣床—Bed type milling machines2.5 刨台式铣床—Plano milling machines2.6 多头铣床—Multi-spindle milling machines2.7 桥式/龙门式铣床—Bridge type/gantry milling machines2.8其他—Others3.0 镗床（含数控）--Boring Machines (CNC included)3.1 卧式镗床—Horizontal boring machines3.2 立式镗床—Vertical boring machines3.3 定柱式镗铣床—Fixed column boring and milling machines3.4 动柱式镗铣床—Moving column boring and milling machines3.5 龙门式镗铣床—Gantry type boring and milling machines3.6 坐标镗床—Jig boring machines3.7其他—Others4.0 钻削和攻丝机床（含数控）--Drilling and Tapping Machines(CNC ncluded) 4.1 立式钻床—Vertical drilling machines4.2 摇臂钻床—Redial drilling machines4.3 深孔钻床—Deep hole drilling machines4.4 多轴钻床—Multi-spindle drilling machines4.5 钻削中心—Drilling center4.6 攻丝机—Tapping machines4.7其他—Others5.0 磨床（含数控）--Grinding Machines(CNC included)5.1 砂带磨床—Abrasive belt grinding machines5.2 外圆磨床—Cylindrical grinding machines5.3 内圆磨床—Internal grinding machines5.4 无心磨床—Centerless grinding machines5.5 平面磨床—Surface grinding machines5.6 工具磨床—T ool grinding machines5.7 成型磨床—Form grinding machines5.8 凸轮轴和曲轴磨床—Camshaft and crankshaft grinding machines5.9 轴承专用磨床—Bearing grinding machines5.10 导轨磨床—Guideway grinding machines5.11 轧辊磨床—Roller grinding machines5.12 坐标磨床—Jig grinding machines5.13 超精磨床—Super-finishing grinding machines5.14 缓进给磨床—Creep feed grinding machines5.15 万能磨床—Universal grinding machines5.16 单盘/双盘盘端面磨床—Single/double-disk grinding machines5.17 珩磨机—Honing machines5.18 研磨/抛光/超精加工机—Lapping/polishing/super-finishing machines5.19 专用磨床—Special purpose grinding machines5.20其他—Others6.0 齿轮加工机床（含数控）--Gear Cutting Machines (CNC included)6.1 滚齿机床—Gear hobbing machines6.2 插齿机床—Gear shaping machines6.3 铣齿、切齿机床—Gear cutting machines6.4 剃齿机床—Gear shaving machines6.5 磨齿机床—Gear grinding machines6.6 王行齿机床—Gear honing and gear polishing machines6.7 齿轮倒圆机床—Gear chamfering machines6.8 齿轮去毛刺机床—Gear deburring machines6.9其他—Others7.1 圆锯机床—Circular sawing machines7.2 带锯机床—Band sawing machines7.3 弓锯机床—Hack sawing machines7.4 插床—Shaping machines7.5 拉床—Broaching machines7.6 刨床—Planning machines7.7 专用机床—Special purpose machines7.8其他—Others8.0 组合机床及组合部件（含数控）--Transfer Line &Modular Units (CNC included) 8.1 组合机床—Modular machine tools8.2 组合机床生产线—Transfer lines8.3 组合机床通用部件—Modular units8.4 旋转分度台部件—Rotary indexing table units8.5 装配机及装配自动线—Assembling machines & assembling systems8.6 专用机床及部件—Special purpose machines andcomponents8.7其他—Others9.0 加工中心及并联机床—Machining Centres and Parallel Kinematical Machines (PK M)9.1 卧式加工中心—Horizontal machining centres9.2 立式加工中心—Vertical machining centres9.3 龙门式加工中心—Gantry machining centres9.4 并联机床—Parallel kinematical machines (PKM)9.5其他—Others10.1 光饰机—Finishing machines10.2 抛光机—Polishing machines10.3 倒角机—Chamfering machines10.4 螺钉、螺母、螺纹和铆钉生产设备—Machines for production of bolts,nuts,screws and rivets10.5 平衡机—Banlancing machines。
外文翻译--数控车床
CNCWhat is CNC?Computer numerical control is a very broad term that encompasses a variety of types of machines—all with different sizes, shapes, and functions. But the easiest way to think about CNC is to simplyunderstand that it’s all about using a comp uter as a means to control a machine that carves usefulobjects from solid blocks of material. For example, a CNC machine might begin with a solid block ofaluminum, and then carve away just the right material to leave you with a bicycle brake handle.CNC machines can be divided into two groups: turning machines and milling machines. A turningmachine is generally made up of a device that spins a workpiece at high speed and a tool (sharp edge)that shaves off the undesired material from the workpiece (where the tool is moved back and forth andin and out until the desired form is achieved). A milling machine is a machine that has a spindle (adevice similar to a router) with a special tool that spins and cuts in various directions and moves in threedifferent directions along the x, y, and z axes.Historically, you wouldn’t actually need a computer to create forms with a turning machine or amilling machine. Adding a computer to the mix allows you to design a product on a computer first andthen specify how the machine should cut this product. To design the product is to produce acomputeraideddesign (CAD) file. Then you specify how the machine should cut the product, and the result of thatstep is a computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) file (or G-Code file, or .NC file—there are many namesfor this type of file). This CAM file remembers all of the operations that the milling machine must followto cut out the parts for the product. The computer tells the CNC machine how to build the part byinterpreting the CAM file into signals that the CNC machine can understand.Industrial UsesIndustrial applications for CNC machines have been chiefly based around the removal of metal to create adesired form. Metal is widely used for producing almost everything we see around us, even though these things may not be made of metal themselves. Some of the most obvious products that are made ofmetal are cars. The engine block and the parts within the transmission are directly produced from a CNCmachine because tight tolerances are necessary (a tolerance is a range in dimensioning to which themachine must adhere). However, most of the parts of a car are not made by a CNC machine, but theyhave a latent connection to one. For example, how do you make a quarter panel? There is a hydraulicpress with a thing called a die to create an impression in a sheet of metal. Most of the parts of thehydraulic press were made from a CNC machine. The die, the part that carries the negative form of thequarter panel and that can be replaced when design changes, was also made by a CNC machine, andthen tempered for hardening and heat resistance. Even the plastic parts of a car have some connectionto a CNC machine. Many of these parts were made from a mold that was created using a CNC machineBecause CNC machines have very high precision and they can provideinformation back to thecomputer, they are also used in dimensional testing. If a switch (probe) is fastened to the location of thetool, it can analyze the measurements of a part that was produced. The machine runs this probe all overthe part to confirm its desired form and measurements.For more information on industrial uses of CNC machines, visitPersonal UsesThere is a large following by various hobbyists and DIYers around the globe interested in the concept ofCNC machines. Roboticists, craftsmen, handymen, home machinists, small business owners, techenthusiasts, backyard scientists, and artists have all discovered how a CNC machine can open doors tonew designs and more detailed creations. A roboticist, for instance, will use a CNC machine to create thestructural components of the robot with very high precision. Making these components by hand wouldbe tedious and very time consuming. Using a CNC machine, the parts come out beautifully and fittogether with great precision.For the typical handyman, a great example of using a CNC machine might be designing and making cabinets for around the house. Typically, cabinets share many of the same dimensions and can be cut bya CNC machine over and over. Imagine cutting all of the drawers and cabinet lids by hand! The parts arenumerous and the work would be quite tedious. But with a CNC machine, the individual pieces are cutand the cabinets assembled; no driving around looking for the right cabinets, having to special orderthem, and then waiting for delivery from the home improvement store. (The cabinets will needassembly, too, but with your own CNC machine, you’ll find that the high cost of buying them in t he storecan be eliminated.) CNC machines for personal use can be purchased from a variety of manufacturers, but many DIYers suffer from sticker shock the first time they begin shopping for a CNC machine. Prices of $3,000 andhigher are typical for small,de sktop versions that often come with a 12"×18" workspace, meaning you’llbe limited to working on materials that fit in that small space. CNC machines with workspaces that allowfor materials of 2'×4', for example, start around $7,000, and prices go much higher for larger workspacetables.For most DIYers, owning their own CNC machine is still out of reach financially. But no longer—thisbook brings CNC within easy reach. If you can afford to spend $700 to $800, then you can afford to buildyour very own CNC machine.Your DIY CNC MachineWith your DIY CNC machine, you’re going to be able to do some amazing things—cut, drill, etch, and sculpt—with a variety of materials. In fact, author Patrick Hood-Daniel uses his own CNC machines to make more CNC machines! He has a machine cut and drill the MDF (medium-density fiberboard) parts used to build more CNC machines. (You can do this, too, but first you’ll need to build your own DIY CNC machine—it all starts there.)Your DIY CNC machine is made of MDF, a rigid material that holds up well to cutting and drilling, as well as being extremely strong and dimensionally stable (itdoesn’t shrink or expand with fluctuations in the weather or humidity). The MDF parts you’ll be cutting and drilling are bolted together using a varie ty of sizes of bolts, nuts, washers, and other hardware. Finally，you’ll be adding a mix of electronics and one computer to bring your DIY CNC machine to life and amaze your friends and family (who will,unfortunately, come up with all kinds of requests for you and your machine).The DIY CNC machine isn’t something with vague dimensions and a random mixture of hardware.We’ll tell you exactly what to buy. You’ll be cutting and drilling material from plans created by authorPatrick Hood-Daniel and tested and used to build three machines; one by James Floyd Kelly, one by Darrell Kelly, and one by Jim Burt (not to mention the number of machines built by Patrick himself).When you’re done, however, you’re not really done. CNC is a growing and changing technology, so the limits of what you can do with your machine are really up to you. While this book will give you the basic information to build and use your machine, you’ll want to continue to improve your skills by delving deeper into the software and pushing the limits of your machine. (We’ll provide you with some good resources for further research and learning later in the book.)If you’re like us, you’re ready to begin. But trust us when we say that one of the best things you cando before starting to build your own CNC machine is this: read the entire book through at least once.Doing so will give you a glimpse of the final machine and a better understanding of how you’ll get there.You may find, as we did, that half the fun of owning your own DIY CNC machine comes from building it. HISTORY OF THE DIY CNC MACHINE, FROM PATRICK HOOD-DANIEL My desire to hop on the bandwagon of this great hobby started as a means to an end. The end has not beenrealized because I became more interested in the CNC machine itself and want to provide simpler designs and ，instruction to others who wouldn’t otherwise have the means to own a traditional CNC machine.The DIY CNC community has been around for a long time; pretty much ever since the boom of the Internet. I learned most of what I know from the information on the Internet. With my prior design training, I spent quite a bit of time improving what others had created.Through my effort to create an initial CNC machine from resources on the Internet, I found that the materialsdid not hold up well with use and tended to exhibit undesirable flexing. I learned through trying and experimenting. . . and discovered many things that worked and didn’t work. I quickly learned, for example, to stick with MDF asthe material of choice for making my CNC machines.Over the years, I made hundreds of trips to the home improvement store (my laboratory of ideas). The components that I used to start my CNC journey included round metal bar stock and a bunch of very cheap MDF.I thought that the metal stock would have some pretty good rigidity—I mean . . . it’s metal! But I was very wrong.After putting an assembly together and using the bar stock as the rail, I noticed quite a bit of flexing in the assembly. This was not going to work, so I came up with abetter way. (I was deathly afraid of trying something ，that was not illustrated on the Internet in fear that if it wasn’t done before, it wouldn’t work. But I did it anyway.) I used aluminum angles as the rails and MDF as the midsection between the rails to provide the necessary rigidity.Initially, I tried the bar stock with this technique, but the bars would still flex. The aluminum rails wrapping the MDF worked perfectly and the machine was rigid and stable—perfect! Well, perfect is a subjective word here, but it was good enough for me. And I think by the time you’re done following this book’s instructions and building your own machine, you’ll agree.Everything from that point on became intuitive. The mechanics and motion of the machine were all designedso that the parts could be cut, drilled, and assembled using nothing more than a few simple hand tools. (I’m notkidding—the early machines were cut and drilled with nothing more than a mitre box, a small saw, and a batterypowered drill.)This book documents my design; you’ll be able to skip th e frustration that I faced because this is the design Ideveloped that worked. The DIY CNC machine fulfills my desire to provide others with a simple, elegant, and fullyfunctional CNC machine. The ToolsWe cannot predict what tools you’ll have available dur ing the building of your machine. We can, however,tell you the tools we used. Some of these tools, especially the power tools, can easily be rented (by the dayor hour) at hardware stores and home centers, while others may be slightly difficult to find. And if you have ，access to a tool or two not mentioned here, that could make your work even easier. Just keep in mind,however, that this machine was designed so that it could be built with a minimum number of tools—if you find yourself lacking a tool described followinga nd cannot find it (for purchase or rent), don’t let that stop you; just improvise with the tools you do have. The CNC machine built in this book is extremely forgiving when it comes to small deviations in cutting and drilling; be as accurate as you can, use what you have available, and make the best of it.Following is a list of our tools, with a few photos for clarification:• Table saw: This is useful for cutting long lengths of MDF accurately. Depending on your skill, youcan also cut multiple MDF pieces at once, guaranteeing they match in dimensions.• Metal band saw: This is used for cutting the aluminum angled rail and lead screws • Hack saw: If a band saw is not available, this is the saw to use for cutting the aluminum angled rail and lead screws.• Mitre box: This is useful for making accurate cuts in small MDF pieces.• Hammer: This is for hammering things, obviously• Cordless screwdrivers: You’ll need a Phillips and a slot head.• Regular screwdrivers: Again, you’ll need a Phillips and a slot head.• Forstner drill bits: Forstner bits (see Figure 2-1) are extremely useful for counterboring as well as drilling large, smooth holes; regular drill bits can be used to drill counterbored holes, but thesework much betterFigure 2-1. Forstner drill bits in various sizes• Brad point drill bits: These drill a flat-bottomed hole and have a sharp, centered tip that creates a“dimple” that can be used to center other drill bits for later drilling.• Twisted drill bits: These are your standard drill bits and co me in a range of sizes. • Spade drill bits: This is another common variety of drill bit that is perfectly acceptable for drilling holes.• Transfer punches: Transfer punches (see Figure 2-2) are available in different diameters. These tools have a sharp point on the end; inserting them into existing drilled holes will allow you to make a “dimple” in a second piece of MDF, giving youan accurate point to drill on the secondpiece of MDF.Figure 2-2. Transfer punches let you mark other pieces accurately for drilling. • Magnetic bowl: This is a small bowl that can keep your nuts and bolts from falling all over the floor.• 1/2" power drill: Having a drill that can handle larger-diameter drill bits will be very useful during the build.• Drill press: Useful for drilling straight holes (vertically) through material. A drill press also provides a small table to clamp MDF and aluminum rail to when drilling. • Wrenches: You’ll need wrenches for 1/4" nuts.• Detail metal ruler: This is a special type of ruler (see Fi gure 2-3) with marks that allow you to make extremely straight lines for cutting and points for drilling. Measuring and marking increments of 1/8", 1/16", 1/32", and 1/64" are possible withthese rulers.Figure 2-3. These rulers are from Incra and are extremely accurate.数控车床一、什么是计算机数控计算机数控是一种非常广泛的专业术语，它包含各种类型的机器，比如各种大小，形状和功能的机器。
数控机床常用英语词汇
数控机床常用英语词汇计算机数值控制 (Computerized Numerical Control, CNC)用计算机控制加工功能，实现数值控制。
2)轴(Axis)机床的部件可以沿着其作直线移动或回转运动的基准方向。
3)机床坐标系( Machine Coordinate Systern )固定于机床上，以机床零点为基准的笛卡尔坐标系。
4)机床坐标原点( Machine Coordinate Origin )机床坐标系的原点。
5)工件坐标系( Workpiece Coordinate System )固定于工件上的笛卡尔坐标系6)工件坐标原点( Wrok-piexe Coordinate Origin)工件坐标系原点。
7)机床零点( Machine zero )由机床制造商规定的机床原点。
8)参考位置( Reference Position )机床启动用的沿着坐标轴上的一个固定点，它可以用机床坐标原点为参考基准9)绝对尺寸(Absolute Dimension)/绝对坐标值(Absolute Coordinates)距一坐标系原点的直线距离或角度。
10)增量尺寸( Incremental Dimension ) /增量坐标值(Incremental Coordinates)在一序列点的增量中，各点距前一点的距离或角度值。
11)最小输人增量(Least Input Increment)在加工程序中可以输人的最小增量单位。
12)命令增量(Least command Increment)从数值控制装置发出的命令坐标轴移动的最小增量单位。
13)插补(InterPolation)在所需的路径或轮廓线上的两个已知点间根据某一数学函数(例如：直线，圆弧或高阶函数)确定其多个中间点的位置坐标值的运算过程。
14)直线插补(Llne Interpolation)这是一种插补方式，在此方式中，两点间的插补沿着直线的点群来逼近，沿此直线控制刀具的运动。
数控车床主轴部件机械外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译
数控车床主轴部件机械外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译数控车床主轴部件车床是一种主要用于加工旋转表面和平整边缘的机床。
根据使用目的、结构、刀具数量和自动化程度的不同，车床可以分为普通车床、万能车床、转塔车床、立式车床、自动车床和特殊车床。
虽然车床种类繁多，但它们在结构和操作原理上具有共同特性。
普通车床是最常用的代表类型，下面将介绍普通车床的主要部分。
车床床身是车床的主骨架，由两个垂直支柱上的水平横梁组成。
为减振，它通常由灰铸铁或球墨铸铁铸造而成。
车床床身上有导轨，可以让大拖板轻松纵向滑动。
车床床身的高度应适当以方便技师工作。
主轴箱固定在车床床身的左侧，包括轴线平行于导轨的主轴。
主轴通过齿轮箱驱动，齿轮箱可以提供多种不同的速度(通常是6到18速)。
现代车床有些采用无级调速主轴箱，采用摩擦、电力或液压驱动。
主轴往往是中空的，纵向有一通孔，可以通过此孔进给棒料。
同时，此孔为锥形表面，可以安装普通车床顶尖。
主轴外表面是螺纹，可以安装卡盘、花盘或类似的装置。
尾架总成包括底座、尾架体和套筒轴。
底座是能在车床床身上沿导轨滑动的铸件，有定位装置，可以让整个尾架根据工件长度锁定在任何需要位置。
使用手轮和螺杆，与螺杆啮合的是一固接在套筒轴上的螺母。
套筒轴开口端的孔是锥形的，能安装车床顶尖或诸如麻花钻和镗杆之类的工具。
套筒轴通过定位装置能沿着它的移动路径被锁定在任何点。
大拖板的主要功能是安装刀具和产生纵向和/或横向进给。
它实际上是一由车床床身V形导轨引导的、能在车床床身主轴箱和尾架之间滑动的H形滑块。
大拖板可以手动或通过溜板箱和光杆(进给杆)或丝杆(引导螺杆)机动。
本文介绍了在传统普通车床上进行的各种机加工作业。
但是，需要注意的是现代计算机数控车床具有更多的功能，并且可以进行其他操作，例如仿型。
圆柱面车削是所有车床操作中最简单也是最常见的。
工件旋转一整圈产生一个圆心落在车床主轴上的圆；由于刀具的轴向进给运动，这种动作重复许多次。
机床行业常用英文对照
机床行业常用英文对照3-Jaws indexing spacers 三爪、分割工具头A.T.C.system 加工中心机刀库A luminum continuous melting& holding furnaces 连续溶解保温炉Balancing equipment 平衡设备Bayonet 卡口Bearing fittings轴承配件Bearing processing equipment 轴承加工机Bearings 轴承Belt drive带传动Bending machines 弯曲机Blades 刀片Blades,saw 锯片Bolts,screws& nuts 螺栓,螺帽及螺丝Boring heads 搪孔头Boring machines 镗床Cable making tools 造线机Casting,aluminium 铸铝Casting,copper 铸铜Casting,gray iron 铸灰口铁Casting,malleable iron可锻铸铁Casting,other 其他铸造Casting,steel 铸钢Chain drive链传动Chain making tools 造链机Chamfer machines 倒角机Chucks 夹盘Clamping/holding systems 夹具/支持系统CNC bending presses 电脑数控弯折机CNC boring machines 电脑数控镗床CNC drilling machines 电脑数控钻床CNC EDM wire-cutting machines 电脑数控电火花线切削机CNC electric discharge machines 电脑数控电火花机CNC engraving machines 电脑数控雕刻机CNC grinding machines 电脑数控磨床CNC lathes电脑数控车床CNC machine tool fittings 电脑数控机床配件CNC milling machines 电脑数控铣床CNC shearing machines 电脑数控剪切机CNC toolings CNC 刀杆CNC wire-cutting machines 电脑数控线切削机Conveying chains 输送链Coolers 冷却机Coupling 联轴器Crimping tools 卷边工具Cutters 刀具C utting-off machines 切断机D iamond cutters钻石刀具Dicing saws晶圆切割机Die casting dies 压铸冲模Die casting machines 压铸机Dies-progressive 连续冲模Disposable toolholder bits 舍弃式刀头Drawing machines 拔丝机Drilling machines 钻床D rilling machines bench钻床工作台Drilling machines,high-speed 高速钻床Drilling machines,multi-spindle 多轴钻床Drilling machines,radial 摇臂钻床Drilling machines,vertical立式钻床drills 钻头E lectric discharge machines(EDM)电火花机Electric power tools 电动刀具Engraving machines 雕刻机Engraving machines,laser 激光雕刻机Etching machines 蚀刻机Finishing machines 修整机Fixture 夹具Forging dies锻模Forging,aluminium 锻铝Forging,cold 冷锻Forging,copper 铜锻Forging,other 其他锻造Forging,steel 钢锻Foundry equipment 铸造设备Gear cutting machines 齿轮切削机Gears 齿轮Gravity casting machines 重力铸造机Grinder bench磨床工作台Grinders,thread 螺纹磨床Grinders,tools& cutters工具磨床Grinders,ultrasonic 超声波打磨机Grinding machines 磨床Grinding machines,centerless 无心磨床Grinding machines,cylindrical 外圆磨床Grinding machines,universal 万能磨床Grinding tools磨削工具Grinding wheels 磨轮Hand tools手工具Hard/soft and free expansion sheet making plant硬(软)板(片)材及自由发泡板机组Heat preserving furnaces 保温炉Heating treatment funaces 熔热处理炉Honing machines 搪磨机Hydraulic components液压元件Hydraulic power tools 液压工具Hydraulic power units 液压动力元件Hydraulic rotary cylinders 液压回转缸Jigs 钻模Lapping machines 精研机Lapping machines,centerless 无心精研机Laser cutting激光切割Laser cutting for SMT stensil激光钢板切割机Lathe bench车床工作台Lathes,automatic 自动车床Lathes,heavy-duty 重型车床Lathes,high-speed 高速车床Lathes,turret 六角车床Lathes,vertical立式车床Lubricants 润滑液Lubrication Systems 润滑系统Lubricators 注油机Machining centers,general 通用加工中心Machining centers,horizontal 卧式加工中心Machining centers,horizontal& vertical 卧式及立式加工中心Machining centers,vertical立式加工中心Machining centers,vertical double-column type 立式双柱加工中心Magnetic tools 磁性工具Manifolds 集合管Milling heads 铣头Milling machines 铣床Milling machines,bed type 床身式铣床Milling machines,duplicating 仿形铣床Milling machines,horizontal 卧式铣床Milling machines,turret vertical 六角立式铣床Milling machines,universal 万能铣床Milling machines,vertical 立式铣床Milling machines,vertical&horizontal立式及卧式铣床Mold&die components模具单元Mold changing systems 换模系统Mold core 模芯Mold heaters/chillers模具加热器/冷却器Mold polishing/texturing 模具打磨/磨纹Mold repair模具维修Molds 模具Nail making machines 造钉机Oil coolers 油冷却器Overflow cutting machines for aluminium wheels 铝轮冒口切断机P type PVC waterproof rolled sheet making plant P型PVC高分子防水PCB fine piecing systems 印刷电器板油压冲孔脱料系统Pipe&tube making machines 管筒制造机Planing machines 刨床Planing machines vertical立式刨床Pneumatic hydraulic clamps 气油压虎钳Pneumatic power tools 气动工具Powder metallurgic forming machines 粉末冶金成型机Presses,cold forging 冷锻冲压机presses,crank 曲柄压力机Presses,eccentric 离心压力机Presses,forging 锻压机Presses,hydraulic 液压冲床Presses,knuckle joint 肘杆式压力机Presses,pneumatic 气动冲床Presses,servo 伺服冲床Presses,transfer 自动压力机Pressing dies压模Punch formers 冲子研磨器Quick die change systems 速换模系统Quick mold change systems 快速换模系统Reverberatory furnaces 反射炉Rollers 滚筒Rolling machines 辗压机Rotary tables转台Sawing machines 锯床Sawing machines,band 带锯床Saws,band 带锯Saws,hack 弓锯Saws,horizontal band 卧式带锯Saws,vertical band 立式带锯shafts 轴Shapers 牛头刨床Shearing machines 剪切机Sheet metal forming machines 金属板成型机Sheet metal working machines 金属板加工机Slotting machines 插床spindles 主轴Stamping parts 冲压机Straightening machines 矫直机Switches &buttons 开关及按钮Tapping machines 攻螺丝机Transmitted chains 传动链Tube bending machines 弯管机Vertical hydraulic broaching machine 立式油压拉床Vises 虎钳Vises,tool-maker 精密平口钳Wheel dressers砂轮修整器Woven-Cutting machines 织麦激光切割机Wrenches扳手（2）：按中文拼音字母排序铝轮冒口切断机Overflow cutting machines for aluminium wheels 离心压力机Presses,eccentric六角立式铣床Milling machines,turret vertical六角车床Lathes,turret螺栓,螺帽及螺丝Bolts,screws& nuts螺纹磨床Grinders,thread冷却机Coolers冷锻Forging,cold冷锻冲压机Presses,cold forging立式双柱加工中心Machining centers,vertical double-column type 立式铣床Milling machines,vertical立式油压拉床Vertical hydraulic broaching machine立式刨床Planing machines vertical立式车床Lathes,vertical立式带锯Saws,vertical band立式加工中心Machining centers,vertical立式及卧式铣床Milling machines,vertical & horizontal立式钻床Drilling machines,vertical联轴器Coupling连续溶解保温炉Aluminum continuous melting&holding furnaces 连续冲模Dies-progressive链传动Chain drive切断机Cutting-off machinesCNC 刀杆CNC toolings曲柄压力机presses,crank修整机Finishing machines舍弃式刀头Disposable toolholder bits润滑系统Lubrication Systems润滑液Lubricants熔热处理炉Heating treatment funaces三爪、分割工具头3-Jaws indexing spacers伺服冲床Presses,servo输送链Conveying chains手工具Hand tools砂轮修整器Wheel dressers蚀刻机Etching machines外圆磨床Grinding machines,cylindrical搪磨机Honing machines搪孔头Boring heads卧式铣床Milling machines,horizontal卧式带锯Saws,horizontal band卧式加工中心Machining centers,horizontal卧式及立式加工中心Machining centers,horizontal& vertical万能铣床Milling machines,universal万能磨床Grinding machines,universal镗床Boring machines弯曲机Bending machines弯管机Tube bending machines通用加工中心Machining centers,general铜锻Forging,copper铣头Milling heads铣床Milling machines无心磨床Grinding machines,centerless无心精研机Lapping machines,centerless压模Pressing dies压铸冲模Die casting dies压铸机Die casting machines油冷却器Oil coolers造链机Chain making tools造线机Cable making tools造钉机Nail making machines印刷电器板油压冲孔脱料系统PCB fine piecing systems摇臂钻床Drilling machines,radial硬(软)板(片)材及自由发泡板机组Hard/soft and free expansion sheet making plant 辗压机Rolling machines液压元件Hydraulic components液压冲床Presses,hydraulic液压动力元件Hydraulic power units液压工具Hydraulic power tools液压回转缸Hydraulic rotary cylindersP 型PVC高分子防水P type PVC waterproof rolled sheet making plant刨床Planing machines牛头刨床Shapers其他铸造Casting,other其他锻造Forging,other模芯Mold core模具Molds模具维修Mold repair模具打磨/磨纹Mold polishing/texturing 模具单元Mold& die components模具加热器/冷却器Mold heaters/chillers 磨轮Grinding wheels磨削工具Grinding tools磨床Grinding machines磨床工作台Grinder bench平衡设备Balancing equipment气油压虎钳Pneumatic hydraulic clamps 气动冲床Presses,pneumatic气动工具Pneumatic power tools轴shafts轴承Bearings轴承配件Bearing fittings轴承加工机Bearing processing equipment 肘杆式压力机Presses,knuckle joint 铸铝Casting,aluminium铸铜Casting,copper铸造设备Foundry equipment铸钢Casting,steel铸灰口铁Casting,gray iron织麦激光切割机Woven-Cutting machines 重力铸造机Gravity casting machines 重型车床Lathes,heavy-duty主轴spindles扳手Wrenches拔丝机Drawing machines保温炉Heat preserving furnaces插床Slotting machines齿轮Gears齿轮切削机Gear cutting machines冲压机Stamping parts冲子研磨器Punch formers超声波打磨机Grinders,ultrasonic车床工作台Lathe bench磁性工具Magnetic tools传动链Transmitted chains床身式铣床Milling machines,bed type带传动Belt drive带锯Saws,band带锯床Sawing machines,band电脑数控镗床CNC boring machines电脑数控弯折机CNC bending presses电脑数控铣床CNC milling machines电脑数控线切削机CNC wire-cutting machines电脑数控磨床CNC grinding machines电脑数控车床CNC lathes电脑数控电火花线切削机CNC EDM wire-cutting machines 电脑数控电火花机CNC electric discharge machines 电脑数控雕刻机CNC engraving machines电脑数控机床配件CNC machine tool fittings电脑数控剪切机CNC shearing machines电脑数控钻床CNC drilling machines电动刀具Electric power tools电火花机Electric discharge machines(EDM)雕刻机Engraving machines刀片Blades刀具Cutters倒角机Chamfer machines多轴钻床Drilling machines,multi-spindle锻铝Forging,aluminium锻压机Presses,forging锻模Forging dies仿形铣床Milling machines,duplicating粉末冶金成型机Powder metallurgic forming machines反射炉Reverberatory furnaces钢锻Forging,steel高速车床Lathes,high-speed高速钻床Drilling machines,high-speed管筒制造机Pipe &tube making machines滚筒Rollers工具磨床Grinders,tools& cutters攻螺丝机Tapping machines弓锯Saws,hack虎钳Vises换模系统Mold changing systems夹盘Chucks夹具Fixture夹具/支持系统Clamping/holding systems剪切机Shearing machines加工中心机刀库A.T.C.system激光切割Laser cutting激光雕刻机Engraving machines,laser激光钢板切割机Laser cutting for SMT stensil 集合管Manifolds矫直机Straightening machines金属板成型机Sheet metal forming machines 金属板加工机Sheet metal working machines 锯片Blades,saw锯床Sawing machines卷边工具Crimping tools晶圆切割机Dicing saws精密平口钳Vises,tool-maker精研机Lapping machines可锻铸铁Casting,malleable iron快速换模系统Quick mold change systems卡口Bayonet开关及按钮Switches& buttons钻石刀具Diamond cutters钻头drills钻模Jigs钻床Drilling machines钻床工作台Drilling machines bench自动压力机Presses,transfer自动车床Lathes,automatic注油机Lubricators转台Rotary tables作者：中国数控世界。
数控机床英语词汇
数控机床机械零件 mechanical parts游标卡尺 slide caliper千分尺 micrometer calipers攻丝 tap塑性变形 plastic distortion脆性材料 brittleness material刚度准则 rigidity criterion垫圈 washer垫片 spacer技术要求 technical requirements装配图 assembly drawing尺寸标注 size marking零件图 part drawing标准件 standard component剖视图 profile chart视图 view投影 projection机械制图 Mechanical drawing电火花加工electric spark machining电火花线切割加工electrical discharge wire - cutting步进电机 stepper motor 镗床 boring machine钻床 drill machine铣床 milling machine伺服电机 actuating motor工业造型设计 industrial moulding design电动机 electromotor集成电路 integrate circuit液压 hydraulic pressure加工 machining铸造 found装配 assembling拉孔 broaching拉床 broaching machine焊 weld压模 stamping锻 forge磨床 grinder车削 turning钻削镗削 bore车床 lathe车刀 lathe tool加工中心 machining center齿轮 gear齿轮加工 gear machining工件 work-piece铣刀 milling cutter铣削 mill螺钉 screw螺纹加工 thread processing半导体元件 semiconductor element 正火 normalizing退火 anneal热处理 heat treatment硬度 rigidity应力 stress变形 deformation变形力 deforming force精度 precision机械加工余量 machining allowance 金属切削 metal cutting机床 machine toolWater jet looms喷水织机Weaving Preparatory Machinery, Weaving Machinery, Tufting Machinery织造准备机、织造机、簇绒机Weaving Preparatory and Auxiliary Machinery织造准备及辅助机Weaving Auxiliary Machinery andAdditional Devices 织造辅助机械及附加装置Washing, Bleaching, Dyeing, Printing, Finishing and Make-up Machinery洗涤、漂白、染色、印花、整理及包装机械Washing, Bleaching and Wet Treatment 洗涤、漂白及湿式处理机Warping machines整经机Warp stop motions断经自停装置Top printing machines套色印花机Thermo-fixing machines 热定形机Tentering and stentering machines 拉幅机Tensionless dryers无张力干燥机Spinning Machinery纺纱机Spinning Machinery and Twisting Machines for Natural and Man Made Fibres, Wadding, Felting and Hat-Making Machines, Non Woven Fabric Machinery, Cordage and Rope-Making Machinery天然纤维和化学纤维用纺纱机及加捻机械，填絮，缩绒，制帽机，无纺织物机械，搓绳制绳机。
数控机床专业英语(超级棒)
3-Jaws indexing spacers 三爪、分割工具头A.T.C.system 加工中心机刀库Aluminum continuous melting & holding furnaces 连续溶解保温炉Balancing equipment 平衡设备Bayonet 卡口Bearing fittings 轴承配件Bearing processing equipment 轴承加工机Bearings 轴承Belt drive 带传动Bending machines 弯曲机Blades 刀片Blades,saw 锯片Bolts,screws & nuts 螺栓,螺帽及螺丝Boring heads 搪孔头Boring machines 镗床Cable making tools 造线机Casting,aluminium 铸铝Casting,copper 铸铜Casting,gray iron 铸灰口铁Casting,malleable iron 可锻铸铁Casting,other 其他铸造Casting,steel 铸钢Chain drive 链传动Chain making tools 造链机Chamfer machines 倒角机Chucks 夹盘Clamping/holding systems 夹具/支持系统CNC bending presses 电脑数控弯折机CNC boring machines 电脑数控镗床CNC drilling machines 电脑数控钻床CNC EDM wire-cutting machines 电脑数控电火花线切削机CNC electric discharge machines 电脑数控电火花机CNC engraving machines 电脑数控雕刻机CNC grinding machines 电脑数控磨床CNC lathes 电脑数控车床CNC machine tool fittings 电脑数控机床配件CNC milling machines 电脑数控铣床CNC shearing machines 电脑数控剪切机CNC toolings CNC刀杆CNC wire-cutting machines 电脑数控线切削机Conveying chains 输送链Coolers 冷却机Coupling 联轴器Crimping tools 卷边工具Cutters 刀具Cutting-off machines 切断机Diamond cutters 钻石刀具Dicing saws 晶圆切割机Die casting dies 压铸冲模Die casting machines 压铸机Dies-progressive 连续冲模Disposable toolholder bits 舍弃式刀头Drawing machines 拔丝机Drilling machines 钻床Drilling machines bench 钻床工作台Drilling machines,high-speed 高速钻床Drilling machines,multi-spindle 多轴钻床Drilling machines,radial 摇臂钻床Drilling machines,vertical 立式钻床drills 钻头Electric discharge machines(EDM) 电火花机Electric power tools 电动刀具Engraving machines 雕刻机Engraving machines,laser 激光雕刻机Etching machines 蚀刻机Finishing machines 修整机Fixture 夹具Forging dies 锻模Forging,aluminium 锻铝Forging,cold 冷锻Forging,copper 铜锻Forging,other 其他锻造Forging,steel 钢锻Foundry equipment 铸造设备Gear cutting machines 齿轮切削机Gears 齿轮Gravity casting machines 重力铸造机Grinder bench 磨床工作台Grinders,thread 螺纹磨床Grinders,tools & cutters 工具磨床Grinders,ultrasonic 超声波打磨机Grinding machines 磨床Grinding machines,centerless 无心磨床Grinding machines,cylindrical 外圆磨床Grinding machines,universal 万能磨床Grinding tools 磨削工具Grinding wheels 磨轮Hand tools 手工具Hard/soft and free expansion sheet making plant 硬(软)板(片)材及自由发泡板机组Heat preserving furnaces 保温炉Heating treatment funaces 熔热处理炉Honing machines 搪磨机Hydraulic components 液压元件Hydraulic power tools 液压工具Hydraulic power units 液压动力元件Hydraulic rotary cylinders 液压回转缸Jigs 钻模Lapping machines 精研机Lapping machines,centerless 无心精研机Laser cutting 激光切割Laser cutting for SMT stensil 激光钢板切割机Lathe bench 车床工作台Lathes,automatic 自动车床Lathes,heavy-duty 重型车床Lathes,high-speed 高速车床Lathes,turret 六角车床Lathes,vertical 立式车床Lubricants 润滑液Lubrication Systems 润滑系统Lubricators 注油机Machining centers,general 通用加工中心Machining centers,horizontal 卧式加工中心Machining centers,horizontal & vertical 卧式及立式加工中心Machining centers,vertical 立式加工中心Machining centers,vertical double-column type 立式双柱加工中心Magnetic tools 磁性工具Manifolds 集合管Milling heads 铣头Milling machines 铣床Milling machines,bed type 床身式铣床Milling machines,duplicating 仿形铣床Milling machines,horizontal 卧式铣床Milling machines,turret vertical 六角立式铣床Milling machines,universal 万能铣床Milling machines,vertical 立式铣床Milling machines,vertical & horizontal 立式及卧式铣床Mold & die components 模具单元Mold changing systems 换模系统Mold core 模芯Mold heaters/chillers 模具加热器/冷却器Mold polishing/texturing 模具打磨/磨纹Mold repair 模具维修Molds 模具Nail making machines 造钉机Oil coolers 油冷却器Overflow cutting machines for aluminium wheels 铝轮冒口切断机P type PVC waterproof rolled sheet making plant P型PVC高分子防水PCB fine piecing systems 印刷电器板油压冲孔脱料系统Pipe & tube making machines 管筒制造机Planing machines 刨床Planing machines vertical 立式刨床Pneumatic hydraulic clamps 气油压虎钳Pneumatic power tools 气动工具Powder metallurgic forming machines 粉末冶金成型机Presses,cold forging 冷锻冲压机presses,crank 曲柄压力机Presses,eccentric 离心压力机Presses,forging 锻压机Presses,hydraulic 液压冲床Presses,knuckle joint 肘杆式压力机Presses,pneumatic 气动冲床Presses,servo 伺服冲床Presses,transfer 自动压力机Pressing dies 压模Punch formers 冲子研磨器Quick die change systems 速换模系统Quick mold change systems 快速换模系统Reverberatory furnaces 反射炉Rollers 滚筒Rolling machines 辗压机Rotary tables 转台Sawing machines 锯床Sawing machines,band 带锯床Saws,band 带锯Saws,hack 弓锯Saws,horizontal band 卧式带锯Saws,vertical band 立式带锯shafts 轴Shapers 牛头刨床Shearing machines 剪切机Sheet metal forming machines 金属板成型机Sheet metal working machines 金属板加工机Slotting machines 插床spindles 主轴Stamping parts 冲压机Straightening machines 矫直机Switches & buttons 开关及按钮Tapping machines 攻螺丝机Transmitted chains 传动链Tube bending machines 弯管机Vertical hydraulic broaching machine 立式油压拉床Vises 虎钳Vises,tool-maker 精密平口钳Wheel dressers 砂轮修整器Woven-Cutting machines 织麦激光切割机Wrenches 扳手Assembly line组装线Layout布置图Conveyer流水线物料板Rivet table拉钉机Rivet gun拉钉枪Screw driver起子Electric screw driver电动起子Pneumatic screw driver气动起子worktable 工作桌OOBA开箱检查fit together组装在一起fasten锁紧(螺丝)fixture 夹具(治具)pallet栈板barcode条码barcode scanner条码扫描器fuse together熔合fuse machine热熔机repair修理operator作业员QC品管supervisor 课长ME制造工程师MT制造生技cosmetic inspect外观检查inner parts inspect内部检查thumb screw大头螺丝lbs. inch镑、英寸EMI gasket导电条front plate前板rear plate后板chassis 基座bezel panel面板power button电源按键reset button重置键Hi-pot test of SPS高源高压测试Voltage switch of SPS电源电压接拉键sheet metal parts 冲件plastic parts塑胶件SOP制造作业程序material check list物料检查表work cell工作间trolley台车carton纸箱sub-line支线left fork叉车personnel resource department 人力资源部production department生产部门planning department企划部QC Section品管科stamping factory冲压厂painting factory烤漆厂molding factory成型厂common equipment常用设备uncoiler and straightener整平机punching machine 冲床robot机械手hydraulic machine油压机lathe车床planer、plein刨床miller铣床grinder磨床driller床linear cutting线切割electrical sparkle电火花welder电焊机staker=reviting machine铆合机position职务president董事长general manager总经理special assistant manager特助factory director厂长department director部长deputy manager、vice manager副理section supervisor课长deputy section supervisor、vice section superisor副课长group leader/supervisor组长line supervisor线长assistant manager助理to move, to carry, to handle搬运be put in storage入库pack packing包装to apply oil擦油to file burr 锉毛刺final inspection终检to connect material接料to reverse material 翻料wet station沾湿台Tiana天那水cleaning cloth抹布to load material上料to unload material卸料to return material/stock to退料scraped 报废scrape 刮;削deficient purchase 来料不良manufacture procedure 制程rotating speed, revolution 转速deficient manufacturing procedure 制程不良delivery deadline交货期oxidation 氧化scratch 刮伤dents 压痕defective upsiding down抽芽不良defective to staking 铆合不良embedded lump 镶块feeding is not in place 送料不到位stamping-missing 漏冲production capacity 生产力education and training 教育与训练proposal improvement 提案改善spare parts、buffer 备件forklift叉车trailer、long vehicle拖板车compound die合模die locker锁模器pressure plate、plate pinch压板bolt螺栓name of a department部门名称administration/general affairs dept总务部automatic screwdriver电动启子thickness gauge厚薄规gauge(or jig)治具power wire电源线buzzle蜂鸣器defective product label不良标签identifying sheet list标示单screwdriver holder起子插座pedal踩踏板stopper阻挡器flow board流水板hydraulic handjack油压板车forklift叉车pallet栈板glove(s)手套glove(s) with exposed fingers割手套thumb大拇指forefinger食指midfinger中指ring finger无名指little finger小指band-aid创可贴garbage can垃圾箱garbage bag垃圾袋chain链条jack升降机production line流水线chain链条槽magnetizer加磁器lamp holder灯架to mop the floor拖地to clean the floor扫地to clean a table擦桌子air pipe 气管packaging tool打包机packaging打包missing part漏件wrong part错件excessive defects过多的缺陷critical defect极严重缺陷major defect主要缺陷minor defect次要缺陷not up to standard不合规格dimension/size is a little bigger尺寸偏大(小)cosmetic defect外观不良slipped screwhead/slippery screw head螺丝滑头slipped screwhead/shippery screw thread滑手speckle斑点mildewed、moldy、mouldy发霉rust生锈deformation变形burr(金属)flash(塑件)毛边poor staking铆合不良excesssive gap间隙过大grease/oil stains油污inclusion杂质painting peel off脏污shrinking/shrinkage缩水mixed color杂色scratch划伤poor processing 制程不良poor incoming part事件不良fold of pakaging belt打包带折皱painting make-up补漆discoloration羿色water spots水渍polishing/surface processing表面处理exposed metal/bare metal金属裸露garbage container灰箕cost成本engineering工程die repair模修enterprise plan、enterprise expansionprojects企划QC品管die worker模工production, to produce生产equipment设备to start a press开机stop/switch off a press关机classification整理regulation整顿cleanness清扫conservation清洁culture教养qualified products, up-to-grade products良品defective products, not up-to-grade products不良品waste废料board看板feeder送料机sliding rack滑料架defective product box不良品箱die change 换模to fix a die装模to take apart a die拆模to repair a die修模packing material包材basket蝴蝶竺plastic basket胶筐isolating plate baffle plate; barricade隔板carton box纸箱to pull and stretch拉深to put material in place, to cut material, to input落料to impose lines压线to compress, compressing压缩character die字模to feed, feeding送料transportation运输(be)qualfied, up to grade合格not up to grade, not qualified不合格material change, stock change材料变更feature change 特性变更manufacture management制造管理abnormal handling异常处理production unit生产单位lack of painting烤漆不到位safety安全quality品质evaluation评估prepare for, make preparations for 准备parameters参数vaccum cleaner吸尘器rag 抹布lots of production生产批量steel plate钢板roll material卷料manufacture procedure制程operation procedure作业流程to revise, modify修订to switch over to, switch、to throw、over switching over切换engineering, project difficulty 工程瓶颈stage die工程模automation自动化to stake, staking, reviting铆合add lubricating oil加润滑油shut die架模shut height of a die架模高度analog-mode device类模器die lifter举模器argon welding氩焊vocabulary for stampingiudustrial alcohol工业酒精alcohol container沾湿台head of screwdriver起子头sweeper扫把mop拖把pneumatic 气动的，空气的，pneumatic control 气动控制electromechanical 机电的governor 操纵杆，控制器electronic governor 电子调速器screw machine 车丝机relay 继电器timer定时器counter 计数器inherent固有的，本质的，inherent problem本质问题versatile通用，多用途的filter out过滤ladder diagram梯形图symbology符号体系contact dot接点，触点instantaneously瞬时地magnet-opened contact switch 电磁触点开关architecture构造，结构，组织implementation工具，仪器，实现thumbwheel switch指轮（微调）开关breadboard实验电路板Hardwired relay panel分立（硬连线）延时，控制面板relay module继电模块capability性能，耐受力category分类single throw单掷开关double throw switch双掷开关double-pole双极（刀开关）double-pole single throw双刀单掷开关selector switch选择开关push-button switch按钮开关proximity switch接近开关level switch （信号）液位开关thumbwheel拨轮debug调试be population for……application在……应用很广泛electromechanical control机电控制except that ……除……之外be available可利用的wiring out布线图milling cutter铣刀profile轮廓，外形，断面machine tool机床perforated tape穿孔带mature成熟hard-wire硬线连接punched tape冲孔带magnetic tape磁带lathe车床turning machine车削中心punch冲床significant显著encoder编码器resolve分解，决定utilize利用magnetic磁的photoelectric光电的binary code二进制码execution cycle执行循环electronic pulse脉冲spindle主轴，转轴lead screw丝杠，螺杆turret转台，转塔刀架servomotor伺服电机machining center加工中心electric discharge machine (EDM) 电火花机床grinder磨床testing and inspection equipment测试和检测设备conventional machining常规加工recommendation for…… 关于……推荐值scrap rate废品率incorporate插（引，加，编）入quality assurance质量保证spot check点检，抽查set up安装set up method安装方法set up time按照时间assembly装配，组装件notation符号，符号表示法binary二进制accomplish完成，实现sensing传感graduate刻度backlash后座力adjacent毗连的radius半径，范围intersection交叉，交集slide刀架，滑板，滑移fluid servomotor液压伺服器open-loop开环close-loop闭环direct current (DC) 直流电alternative current （AC）交流电gear mechanism齿轮机构pneumatic motor气动马达（气泵）processed with继续（更新）discrepancy偏(误)差，不同speed discrepancy转速差transducer传感器，转换器magazine链式刀库，杂志magazine feed自动传输带（送料带）magazine tool刀库magazine attachment机床送料装置retrieve检索，查询retrieval data检索数据retrieval program检索程序。
关于数控车床编程外文文献翻译中英文翻译外文翻译
关于数控车床编程外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译英文原文On the NC latheCNC machine tool numerical control machine tools (Computer numerical control machine tools) abbreviation, is provided with a program control system of automatic machine tools. The logic control system can deal with the control code or other symbolic instruction specified program, and decoding the digital code, said information carrier, through the numerical control device input. After processing by CNC device control signals, control the machine movements, by drawing the shape and size requirements, will be automatically processed by the parts.Features: CNC machine tool operation and monitoring of all completed inthe numericalcontrol unit, it is the brain of CNC machine tools. Compared with the general machine tools, CNC machine tools has the following characteristics:● the processing object adaptability, adapt to the characteristics of mold products such as a single production, provide the appropriate processing method for die and mould manufacturing; ● high machining accuracy, processing with stable quality; ● can coordinate linkage, processing complex shape parts;● machining parts change, only need to change the program, can save the preparation time of production;● the machine itself high precision, rigidity, can choose the am ount of processing good, high productivity (3~5 times as common machine);The machine is a high degree of automation, reducing labor intensity;● conducive to the production management modernization. The use of CNC machine tools and the standard code of digital information processing, information transmission, the use of computer control method, has laid the foundation for the integration of computer aided design, manufacturing and management;● on the operators of higher quality, higher demands for the repair ofthe technical staff;● high reliability.Composition: CNC machine tools in general by the input medium, man-machine interactive equipment, CNC equipment, feed servo drive system, spindle servo drive system, the auxiliary control device, feedback apparatus and adaptive control device etc.. [4] in NC machining, NC milling processing is the most complex, need to solve most problems. NC programming of NC line in addition to CNC milling, cutting, CNC EDM, CNC lathe, CNC grinding, each with its own characteristics, servo system is the role of the motion signal is convertedinto the machine moving parts from the numerical control device of pulse. Concrete has the following parts: the structure of CNC machine tools.Driver: he is driving parts of CNC machine tools, actuator, including spindle drive unit, feeding unit, spindle motor and feed motor. He through the electric or electro-hydraulic servo system to realize the spindle and feeddrive under the control of numerical control device. When several feed linkage, can complete the positioning, processing line, plane curve and space curve.The main performance (1) the main dimensions. (2) the spindle system. (3) feed system. (4) tool system.(5) electrical. Including the main motor, servo motor specifications and power etc.. (6) cooling system. Including the cooling capacity, cooling pump output. (7) dimensions. Expressed as length * width * height.Development trend of CNC lathe:High speed, precision, complex, intelligent and green is the general trend in the development of CNC machine tool technology, in recent years, made gratifying achievements in practicality and industrialization. Mainly in the:1 machine tool composite technology to further expand with the CNC machine tool technology, composite processing technology matures, including milling - car compound, car millingcompound, car - boring - drill - gear cutting compound, composite grinding, forming, composite processing, precision and efficiency of machining isgreatly improved. \processing factory\the development of compound processing machine tool is the trend of diversified.Intelligent technology 2 CNC machine tools have a new breakthrough, in the performance of NC system has been reflected more. Such as: automaticallyadjust the interference anti-collision function, after the power of workpiece automatically exit safety power-off protection function, machining parts detection and automatic compensation function of learning, high precisionmachining parts intelligent parameter selection function, process automatic elimination of machine vibration functions into the practical stage, intelligent upgrade the function of machine and quality.The 3 robots enable flexible combination of flexible combination of higher efficiency of robot and the host are widely used, make flexible line more flexible, extending the function, flexible line shorten further, more efficient. Robot and machining center, milling composite machine, grinder, gear processing machine tool, tool grinding machine, electric machine, sawing machine, punching machine, laser cutting machine, water cutting machine etc. various forms of flexible unit and flexible production line has already begun the application.4 precision machining technology has the machining precision of CNC metal cutting machine tools from the yarn in the original (0.01mm) up to micronlevel (0.001mm), some varieties has reached about 0.05 μ M. Micro cutting and grinding machining of ultra precision CNC machine tools, precision can reach about 0.05 μ m, shape precision can reach about 0.01 μ M. Special processing precision by using optical, electrical, chemical, energy can reach nanometer level (0.001 μ m). By optimizing the design of machine tool structure, machine tool parts of ultra precision machining and precision assembly, using high precision closed loop control andtemperature, vibration and other dynamic error compensation technology, improve the geometric accuracy of machine tool processing, reduce the shape of error, surface roughness, and into the submicron, nano super finishing tiThe 5 functional component to improve the performance of functional components are at a high speed, high precision, high power and intelligent direction, and obtain the mature application. A full digital AC servo motor and drive device, high technology content of the electric spindle, linear motor, torque motor, linear motion components with high performance, application of high precision spindle unit and other function parts, greatly improving the technical level of CNC machine tools.The feed drive system of CNC lathe: Effect of feed drive system,The feed drive system of CNC machine tools will be received pulse command issued by the numerical control system, and the amplification and conversion machine movements carry the expected movement.Two, the feeding transmission system requirementsIn order to guarantee the machining accuracy of NC machine tool is high,the feed drive system of transmission accuracy, sensitivity high (fast response), stable work, high stiffness and friction and inertia small, service life, and can remove the transmission gap. Category three, feed drive system 1, stepping motor servo system Generally used for NC machine tools. 2, DC servo motor servo systemPower is stable, but because of the brush, the wear resulting in use needto change. Generally used for middle-grade CNC machine tools. 3, AC servomotor servo systemThe application is extremely widespread, mainly used in high-end CNC machine tools. 4, the linear motor servo systemNo intermediate transmission chain, high precision, the feed speed, no length limit; but the poor heat dissipation, protection requirements are particularly high, mainly used for high-speed machine.Driving component four, feed system 1, the ball screw nut pairNC machining, the rotary motion into linear motion, so the use of screwnut transmissionmechanism. NC machine tools are commonly used on the ball screw, as shownin Figure 1-25, it can be a sliding friction into rolling friction, meet the basic requirements of the feed system to reduce friction. The transmissionside of high efficiency, small friction, and can eliminate the gap, no reverse air travel; but the manufacturing cost is high, can not lock, size is not too big, generally used for linear feed in small CNC machine tool. 2, rotary tableIn order to expand the scope of the process of NC machine tools, CNC machine tools in addition to make linear feed along the X, Y, Z three coordinate axes, often also need a circumferential feed movement around Y or Z axis. Circular feed motion of CNC machine tools in general by the rotary table to realize, for machining center, rotary table has become an indispensablepart of. Rotary table of commonly used CNC machine tools in the indexing table and NC rotary table. (1) indexing tableIndexing table can only finish dividing movement, not circular feed, it is in accordance with the instructions in the NC system, when indexing will work together with the workpiece rotation angle. When indexing can also use manual indexing. Provisions of indexing table is generally only rotary angle (such as 90, 60 and 45 degree). (2) NC rotary tableNC rotary table appearance similar to the indexing table, but the internal structure and function is not the same. The main function of the NC rotary table is based on the numerical control device sends command pulse signal, complete circumferential feed movement, various arc processing and surface processing, it can also be graduation work. 3, guideRail is an important part of feed drive system, is one of the basic elements of the structure of machine tool, rigidity, precision and accuracy of NC machine tool which determines to a large extent retention. At present, guide the NC machine tool are sliding rail, rolling guideway and hydrostatic guideway. (1) sliding guideSliding guide rail has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacture, good stiffness, vibration resistance and high performance, widely used in CNC machine tools, the use of most metal plastic form, known as the plastic guide rail, as shown in figure 1-26.On characteristics of the plastic sliding guide: friction characteristicis good, good wear resistance, stable movement, good manufacturability, low speed. (2) rolling guideRolling guide is placed in the rail surface between the ball, roller or needle roller, roller, the rolling friction instead of sliding surface of the guide rail between wipe.Rolling guide rail and the sliding rail, high sensitivity, small friction coefficient, and the dynamic, static friction coefficient is very small, so the motion is uniform, especially in the low speed movement, the stick-slip phenomenon is not easy to occur; high positioning accuracy,repeatability positioning accuracy is up to 0.2 μ m; traction force is small, wear small, portable in movement; good precision, long service life. But the vibration of rolling guide, high requirements on protection, complicated structure, difficult manufacture, high cost.Automatic tool changer:One, the function of automatic tool changerAutomatic tool changing device can help save the auxiliary time of CNC machine tools, and meet in an installation completed procedure, stepprocessing requirements. Two, on the requirement of automatic tool changerNumerical control machine tool for automatic tool changer requirement is: tool change quickly, time is short, high repetitive positioning accuracy, tool storage capacity is sufficient, small occupation space, stable and reliable work. Three, change the knife form 1, rotary cutter replacementIts structure is similar to the ordinary lathe turret saddle, according to the processing of different objects can be designed into square or six angle form, consists of the NC system sends out the instruction to the rotary cutter.2, the replacement of the spindle head tool changeThe spindle head pre-loaded required tools, in order to machining position, the main motor is switched on, drives the cutter to rotate. The advantage of this method is that eliminates the need for automatic clamping, cutting tool, clamping and cutting tool moving and a series of complex operation, reducetool change time, improve The ATC reliability. 3, the use of changing toolThe processing required tools are respectively arranged in the standard tool, adjust the size of the machine after certain way add to the knife, the exchange device from the knife and the spindle take knife switch.感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。
数控机床外文文献翻译、中英文翻译
数控机床外文文献翻译、中英文翻译原文一CNC machine toolsOutdate, J. and Joe, J. Configuration Synthesis of Machining Centers with Tool，JohnWiley & sons, 2001While the specific intention and application for CNC machines vary from one machine type to another, all forms of CNC have common benefits. Here are but a few of the more important benefits offered by CNC equipment.The first benefit offered by all forms of CNC machine tools is improved automation. The operator intervention related to producing work pieces can be reduced or eliminated. Many CNC machines can run unattended during their entire machining cycle, freeing the operator to do other tasks. This gives the CNC user several side benefits including reduced operator fatigue, fewer mistakes caused by human error, and consistent and predictable machining time for each work piece. Since the machine will be running under program control, the skill level required of the CNC operator (related to basic machining practice) is also reduced as compared to a machinist producing work pieces with conventional machine tools.The second major benefit of CNC technology is consistent and accurate work pieces. T oday's CNC machines boast almost unbelievable accuracy and repeatability specifications. This means that once a program is verified, two, ten, or one thousand identical work pieces can be easily produced with precision and consistency.A third benefit offered by most forms of CNC machine toolsis flexibility. Since these machines are run from programs, running a different workpiece is almost as easy as loading a different program. Once a program has been verified and executed for one production run, it can be easily recalled the next time the workpiece is to be run. This leads to yet another benefit, fast change over. Since these machines are very easy to set up and run, and since programs can be easily loaded, they allow very short setup time. This is imperative with today's just-in-time (JIT) product requirements.Motion control - the heart of CNCThe most basic function of any CNC machine is automatic, precise, and consistent motion control. Rather than applying completely mechanical devices to cause motion as is required on most conventional machine tools, CNC machines allow motion control in a revolutionary manner2. All forms of CNC equipment have two or more directions of motion, called axes. These axes can be precisely and automatically positioned along their lengths of travel. The two most common axis types are linear (driven along a straight path) and rotary (driven along a circular path).Instead of causing motion by turning cranks and handwheels as is required on conventional machine tools, CNC machines allow motions to be commanded through programmed commands. Generally speaking, the motion type (rapid, linear, and circular), the axes to move, the amount of motion and the motion rate (federate) are programmable with almost all CNC machine tools.A CNC command executed within the control tells the drive motor to rotate a precise number of times. The rotation of the drive motor in turn rotates the ball screw.And the ball screw drives the linear axis (slide). A feedbackdevice (linear scale) on the slide allows the control to confirm that the commanded number of rotations has taken place3. Refer to fig.1.fig.1 typical drive system of a CNC machine toolThough a rather crude analogy, the same basic linear motion can be found on a common table vise. As you rotate the vise crank, you rotate a lead screw that, in turn, drives the movable jaw on the vise. By comparison, a linear axis on a CNC machine tool is extremely precise. The number of revolutions of the axis drive motor precisely controls the amount of linear motion along the axis.How axis motion is commanded - understanding coordinate systemsIt would be infeasible for the CNC user to cause axis motion by trying to tell each axis drive motor how many times to rotate in order to command a given linear motion amount4. (This would be like having to figure out how many turns of the handle on a table vise will cause the movable jaw to move exactly one inch!) Instead, all CNC controls allow axis motion to be commanded in a much simpler and more logical way by utilizing some form of coordinate system. The two most popular coordinate systems used with CNC machines are the rectangular coordinate system and the polar coordinate system. By far, the more popular of these two is the rectangular coordinate system.The program zero point establishes the point of reference for motion commands in a CNC program. This allows the programmer to specify movements from a common location. If program zero is chosen wisely, usually coordinates needed forthe program can be taken directly from the print.With this technique, if the programmer wishes the tool to be sent to a position one inch to the right of the program zero point, X1.0 is commanded. If the programmer wishes the tool to move to a position one inch above the program zero point, Y1.0 is commanded. The control will automatically determine how many times to rotate each axis drive motor and ball screw to make the axis reach the commanded destination point . This lets the programmer command axis motion in a very logical manner. Refer to fig.2, 3.fig.2, 3.Understanding absolute versus incremental motionAll discussions to this point assume that the absolute mode of programming is used6. The most common CNC word used to designate the absolute mode is G90. In the absolute mode, the end points for all motions will be specified from the program zero point. For beginners, this is usually the best and easiest method of specifying end points for motion commands. However, there is another way of specifying end points for axis motion.In the incremental mode (commonly specified by G91), endpoints for motions are specified from the tool's current position, not from program zero. With this method of commanding motion, the programmer must always be asking "How far should I move the tool?" While there are times when the incremental mode can be very helpful, generally speaking, this is the more cumbersome and difficult method of specifying motion and beginners should concentrate on using the absolute mode.Be careful when making motion commands. Beginners have the tendency to think incrementally. If working in the absolute mode (as beginners should), the programmer should always be asking "To what position should the tool be moved?" This position is relative to program zero, NOT from the tools current position.Aside from making it very easy to determine the current position for any command, another benefit of working in the absolute mode has to do with mistakes made during motion commands. In the absolute mode, if a motion mistake is made in one command of the program, only one movement will be incorrect. On the other hand, if a mistake is made during incremental movements, all motions from the point of the mistake will also be incorrect.Assigning program zeroKeep in mind that the CNC control must be told the location of the program zero point by one means or another. How this is done varies dramatically from one CNC machine and control to another8. One (older) method is to assign program zero in the program. With this method, the programmer tells the control how far it is from the program zero point to the starting position of the machine. This is commonly done with a G92 (or G50) command at least at the beginning of the program and possiblyat the beginning of each tool.Another, newer and better way to assign program zero is through some form of offset. Refer to fig.4. Commonly machining center control manufacturers call offsets used to assign program zero fixture offsets. Turning center manufacturers commonly call offsets used to assign program zero for each tool geometry offsets.fig.4 assign program zero through G54Flexible manufacturing cellsA flexible manufacturing cell (FMC) can be considered as a flexible manufacturing subsystem. The following differences exist between the FMC and the FMS:1.An FMC is not under the direct control of thecentral computer. Instead, instructions from the centralcomputer are passed to the cell controller.2.The cell is limited in the number of part families itcan manufacture.The following elements are normally found in an FMC:Cell controllerProgrammable logic controller (PLC)More than one machine toolA materials handling device (robot or pallet)The FMC executes fixed machining operations with parts flowing sequentially between operations.High speed machiningThe term High Speed Machining (HSM) commonly refers to end milling at high rotational speeds and high surface feeds. For instance, the routing of pockets in aluminum airframe sections with a very high material removal rate1. Refer to fig.5 for the cutting data designations and for mulas. Over the past 60 years, HSM has been applied to a wide range of metallic and non-metallic workpiece materials, including the production of components with specific surface topography requirements and machining of materials with hardness of 50 HRC and above. With most steel components hardened to approximately 32-42 HRC, machining options currently include:Fig.5 cutting datarough machining and semi-finishing of the material in its soft (annealed) condition heat treatment to achieve the final required hardness = 63 HRC machining of electrodes and Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) of specific parts of dies and moulds (specifically small radii and deep cavities with limited accessibility for metal cutting tools) finishing and super-finishing of cylindrical/flat/cavity surfaces with appropriate cemented carbide, cermets, solid carbide, mixed ceramic or polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN)For many components, the production process involves acombination of these options and in the case of dies and moulds it also includes time consuming hand finishing. Consequently, production costs can be high and lead times excessive.It is typical in the die and mould industry to produce one or just a few tools of the same design. The process involves constant changes to the design, and because of these changes there is also a corresponding need for measuring and reverse engineering.The main criteria are the quality level of the die or mould regarding dimensional, geometric and surface accuracy. If the quality level after machining is poor and if it cannot meet the requirements, there will be a varying need of manual finishing work. This work produces satisfactory surface accuracy, but it always has a negative impact on the dimensional and geometric accuracy.One of the main aims for the die and mould industry has been, and still is, to reduce or eliminate the need for manual polishing and thus improve the quality and shorten the production costs and lead times.Main economical and technical factors for the development of HSMSurvivalThe ever increasing competition in the marketplace is continually setting new standards. The demands on time and cost efficiency is getting higher and higher. This has forced the development of new processes and production techniques to take place. HSM provides hope and solutions...MaterialsThe development of new, more difficult to machine materials has underlined the necessity to find new machining solutions.The aerospace industry has its heat resistant and stainless steel alloys. The automotive industry has different bimetal compositions, Compact Graphite Iron and an ever increasing volume of aluminum3. The die and mould industry mainly has to face the problem of machining high hardened tool steels, from roughing to finishing.QualityThe demand for higher component or product quality is the result of ever increasing competition. HSM, if applied correctly, offers a number of solutions in thisarea. Substitution of manual finishing is one example, which is especially important on dies and moulds or components with a complex 3D geometry.ProcessesThe demands on shorter throughput times via fewer setups and simplified flows (logistics) can in most cases, be solved by HSM. A typical target within the die and mould industry is to completely machine fully hardened small sized tools in one setup. Costly and time consuming EDM processes can also be reduced or eliminated with HSM.Design & developmentOne of the main tools in today's competition is to sell products on the value of novelty. The average product life cycle on cars today is 4 years, computers and accessories 1.5 years, hand phones 3 months... One of the prerequisites of this development of fast design changes and rapid product development time is the HSM technique.Complex productsThere is an increase of multi-functional surfaces on components, such as new design of turbine blades giving newand optimized functions and features. Earlier designs allowed polishing by hand or with robots (manipulators). Turbine blades with new, more sophisticated designs have to be finished via machining and preferably by HSM . There are also more and more examples of thin walled workpiece that have to be machined (medical equipment, electronics, defense products, computer parts).Production equipmentThe strong development of cutting materials, holding tools, machine tools, controls and especially CAD/CAM features and equipment, has opened possibilities that must be met with new production methods and techniques5.Definition of HSMSalomon's theory, "Machining with high cutting speeds..." on which, in 1931, took out a German patent, assumes that "at a certain cutting speed (5-10 times higher than in conventional machining), the chip removal temperature at the cutting edge will start to decrease...".See fig.6.Fig.6 chip removal temperature as a result of the cutting speedGiven the conclusion:" ... seems to give a chance to improve productivity in machining with conventional tools at high cutting speeds..."Modern research, unfortunately, has not been able to verifythis theory totally. There is a relative decrease of the temperature at the cutting edge that starts at certain cutting speeds for different materials.The decrease is small for steel and cast iron. But larger for aluminum and other non-ferrous metals. The definition of HSM must be based on other factors.Given today's technology, "high speed" is generally accepted to mean surface speeds between 1 and 10 kilometers perminute, or roughly 3 300 to 33 000 feet per minute. Speeds above 10 km/min are in the ultra-high speed category, and are largely the realm of experimental metal cutting. Obviously, the spindle rotations required to achieve these surface cutting speeds are directly related to the diameter of the tools being used. One trend which is very evident today is the use of very large cutter diameters for these applications - and this has important implications for tool design.There are many opinions, many myths and many different ways to define HSM. Maintenance and troubleshooting Maintenance for a horizontal MCThe following is a list of required regular maintenance for a Horizontal Machining Center as shown in fig.7. Listed are the frequency of service, capacities, and type of fluids required. These required specifications must be followed in order to keep your machine in good working order and protect your warranty.Fig. 7 horizontal machining centerDailyTop off coolant level every eight hour shift (especially during heavy TSC usage).Check way lube lubrication tank level.Clean chips from way covers and bottom pan.Clean chips from tool changer.Wipe spindle taper with a clean cloth rag and apply light oil.WeeklyCheck for proper operation of auto drain on filter regulator. See fig. 8Fig. 8 way lube and pneumaticsOn machines with the TSC option, clean the chip basket on the coolant tank.Remove the tank cover and remove any sediment inside the tank. Be careful to disconnect the coolant pump from the controller and POWER OFF the control before working on the coolant tank. Do this monthly for machines without the TSC option.Check air gauge/regulator for 85 psi.For machines with the TSC option, place a dab of grease on the V-flange of tools. Do this monthly for machines without the TSC option.Clean exterior surfaces with mild cleaner. DO NOT usesolvents.Check the hydraulic counterbalance pressure according to the machine's specifications.Place a dab of grease on the outside edge of the fingers of the tool changer and run through all tools".MonthlyCheck oil level in gearbox. Add oil until oil begins dripping from over flow tube at bottom of sump tank.Clean pads on bottom of pallets.Clean the locating pads on the A-axis and the load station. This requires removing the pallet.Inspect way covers for proper operation and lubricate with light oil, if necessary.Six monthsReplace coolant and thoroughly clean the coolant tank.Check all hoses and lubrication lines for cracking.AnnuallyReplace the gearbox oil. Drain the oil from the gearbox, and slowly refill it with 2 quarts of Mobil DTE 25 oil.Check oil filter and clean out residue at bottom for the lubrication chart.Replace air filter on control box every 2 years.Mineral cutting oils will damage rubber based components throughout the machine.TroubleshootingThis section is intended for use in determining the solution to a known problem. Solutions given are intended to give the individual servicing the CNC a pattern to follow in, first, determining the problem's source and, second, solving the problem.Use common senseMany problems are easily overcome by correctly evaluating the situation. All machine operations are composed of a program, tools, and tooling. You must look at all three before blaming one as the fault area. If a bored hole is chattering because of an overextended boring bar, don't expect the machine to correct the fault.Don't suspect machine accuracy if the vise bends the part. Don't claim hole miss-positioning if you don't first center-drill the hole.Find the problem firstMany mechanics tear into things before they understand the problem, hoping that it will appear as they go. We know this from the fact that more than half of all warranty returned parts are in good working order. If the spindle doesn't turn, remember that the spindle is connected to the gear box, which is connected to the spindle motor, which is driven by the spindle drive, which is connected to the I/O BOARD, which is driven by the MOCON, which is driven by the processor. The moral here is doing replace the spindle drives if the belt is broken. Find the problem first; don't just replace the easiest part to get to.Don tinker with the machineThere are hundreds of parameters, wires, switches, etc., that you can change in this machine. Don't start randomly changing parts and parameters. Remember, there is a good chance that if you change something, you will incorrectly install it or break something else in the process6. Consider for a moment changing the processor's board. First, you have to download all parameters, remove a dozen connectors, replace the board, reconnect and reload, and if you make one mistake or bend one tiny pin itWON'T WORK. You always need to consider the risk of accidentally damaging the machine anytime you work on it. It is cheap insurance to double-check a suspect part before physically changing it. The less work you do on the machine the better.译文一数控机床虽然各种数控机床的功能和应用各不相同，但它们有着共同的优点。
数控机床英语词汇介绍
数控机床英语词汇介绍数控机床是一种专门用来加工工件的机床，它通过数控系统控制工具或工件相对位置运动，从而实现加工目的。
下面是一些与数控机床相关的英语词汇介绍。
1. Numerical Control System（数控系统）Numerical Control System，简称NC系统，是数控机床的核心部分，也是数控技术的基础。
它通过将数字指令输入到机床控制器中，再根据指令控制加工工具或工件的运动，从而实现精确加工。
2. Computer Numerical Control（计算机数控）Computer Numerical Control，简称CNC，是NC系统的一种，也是数控机床常见的控制方式。
CNC系统使用计算机来控制加工工具或工件的运动，可以实现非常复杂的加工操作。
3. Machining Center（加工中心）Machining Center是一种多轴CNC数控机床，可以在同一台机床上完成钻孔、铣削、镗孔等多种加工操作。
它配备了多个电动主轴和自动换刀装置，可以实现自动化的生产加工。
4. Turning Center（车削中心）Turning Center是一种CNC车床，可以在同一台机床上实现多种车削操作。
它配备了自动刀架、自动工件夹持装置等设备，可以实现高效的车削加工。
5. CNC Programming（CNC编程）CNC Programming是指将要加工的零件图纸转换为机器能够理解的数字控制指令的过程。
在CNC编程中，我们需要使用特定的编程语言，对每个加工步骤进行编程，以实现所需的加工效果。
6. Axis（轴）Axis是数控机床上的运动轴，可以分为X轴、Y轴、Z轴和A轴、B轴、C轴等。
X、Y、Z轴分别用于控制机床上下、左右、前后的运动，而A、B、C轴则用于控制工具或工件的旋转。
7. Servo Motor（伺服电机）Servo Motor是数控机床上的关键部件之一，它配合伺服驱动器可以控制机床各轴的精确运动。
机械类数控车床外文翻译外文文献英文文献车床.doc
LathesLathes are machine tools designed primarily to do turning, facing and boring, Very little turning is done on other types of machine tools, and none can do it with equal facility. Because lathes also can do drilling and reaming, their versatility permits several operations to be done with a single setup of the work piece. Consequently, more lathes of various types are used in manufacturing than any other machine tool.The essential components of a lathe are the bed, headstock assembly, tailstock assembly, and the leads crew and feed rod.The bed is the backbone of a lathe. It usually is made of well normalized or aged gray or nodular cast iron and provides s heavy, rigid frame on which all the other basic components are mounted. Two sets of parallel, longitudinal ways, inner and outer, are contained on the bed, usually on the upper side. Some makers use an inverted V-shape for all four ways, whereas others utilize one inverted V and one flat way in one or both sets, They are precision-machined to assure accuracy of alignment. On most modern lathes the way are surface-hardened to resist wear and abrasion, but precaution should be taken in operating a lathe to assure that the ways are not damaged. Any inaccuracy in them usually means that the accuracy of the entire lathe is destroyed.The headstock is mounted in a foxed position on the inner ways, usually at the left end of the bed. It provides a powered means of rotating the word at various speeds . Essentially, it consists of a hollow spindle, mounted in accurate bearings, and a set of transmission gears-similar to a truck transmission—through which the spindle can be rotated at a number of speeds. Most lathes provide from 8 to 18 speeds, usually in a geometric ratio, and on modern lathes all the speeds can be obtained merely by moving from two to four levers. An increasing trend is to provide a continuously variable speed range through electrical or mechanical drives.Because the accuracy of a lathe is greatly dependent on the spindle, it is of heavy construction and mounted in heavy bearings, usually preloaded tapered roller or ball types. The spindle has a hole extending through its length, through which long bar stock can be fed. The size of maximum size of bar stock that can be machined when the material must be fed through spindle.The tailsticd assembly consists, essentially, of three parts. A lower casting fits on the inner ways of the bed and can slide longitudinally thereon, with a means for clamping the entire assembly in any desired location, An upper casting fits on the lower one and can be moved transversely upon it, on some type of keyed ways, to permit aligning the assembly is the tailstock quill. This is a hollow steel cylinder, usually about 51 to 76mm(2to 3 inches) in diameter, that can be moved several inches longitudinally in and out of the upper casting by means of a hand wheel and screw.The size of a lathe is designated by two dimensions. The first is known as the swing. This is the maximum diameter of work that can be rotated on a lathe. It is approximately twice the distance between the line connecting the lathe centers and the nearest point on the ways, The second size dimension is the maximum distance between centers. The swing thus indicates the maximum work piece diameter that can be turned in the lathe, while the distance between centers indicates the maximum length of work piece that can be mounted between centers.Engine lathes are the type most frequently used in manufacturing. They are heavy-duty machine tools with all the components described previously and have power drive for all tool movements except on the compound rest. They commonly range in size from 305 to 610 mm(12 to 24 inches)swing and from 610 to 1219 mm(24 to 48 inches) center distances, but swings up to 1270 mm(50 inches) and center distances upto 3658mm(12 feet) are not uncommon. Most have chip pans and a built-in coolant circulating system. Smaller engine lathes-with swings usually not over 330 mm (13 inches ) –also are available in bench type, designed for the bed to be mounted on a bench on a bench or cabinet.Although engine lathes are versatile and very useful, because of the time required for changing and setting tools and for making measurements on the work piece, thy are not suitable for quantity production. Often the actual chip-production tine is less than 30% of the total cycle time. In addition, a skilled machinist is required for all the operations, and such persons are costly and often in short supply. However, much of the operator’s time is consumed by simple, repetitious adjustments and in watching chips being made. Consequently, to reduce or eliminate the amount of skilled labor that is required, turret lathes, screw machines, and other types of semiautomatic and automatic lathes have been highly developed and are widely used in manufacturing.2 Numerical ControlOne of the most fundamental concepts in the area of advanced manufacturing technologies is numerical control (NC). Prior to the advent of NC, all machine tools ere manually operated and controlled. Among the many limitations associated with manual control machine tools, perhaps none is more prominent than the limitation of operator skills. With manual control, the quality of the product is directly related to and limited to the skills of the operator. Numerical control represents the first major step away from human control of machine tools.Numerical control means the control of machine tools and other manufacturing systems through the use of prerecorded, written symbolic instructions. Rather than operating a machine tool, an NC technician writes a program that issues operational instructions to the machine tool. For a machine tool to be numerically controlled, it must be interfaced with a device for accepting and decoding the programmed instructions, known as a reader.Numerical control was developed to overcome the limitation of human operators, and it has done so. Numerical control machines are more accurate than manually operated machines, they can produce parts more uniformly, they are faster, and the long-run tooling costs are lower. The development of NC led to the development of several other innovations in manufacturing technology:Electrical discharge machining,Laser cutting,Electron beam welding.Numerical control has also made machine tools more versatile than their manually operated predecessors. An NC machine tool can automatically produce a wide of parts, each involving an assortment of widely varied and complex machining processes. Numerical control has allowed manufacturers to undertake the production of products that would not have been feasible from an economic perspective using manually controlled machine tolls and processes.Like so many advanced technologies, NC was born in the laboratories of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The concept of NC was developed in the early 1950s with funding provided by the U.S. Air Force. In its earliest stages, NC machines were able to made straight cuts efficiently and effectively.However, curved paths were a problem because the machine tool had to be programmed to undertake a series of horizontal and vertical steps to produce a curve. The shorter the straight lines making up the steps, the smoother is the curve, Each line segment in the steps had to be calculated.This problem led to the development in 1959 of the Automatically Programmed Tools (APT) language. This is a special programming language for NC that uses statements similar to English language to define the part geometry, describe the cutting tool configuration, and specify the necessary motions. The development of the APT language was a major step forward in the fur ther development from those used today. The machines had hardwired logic circuits. The instructional programs were written on punchedpaper, which was later to be replaced by magnetic plastic tape. A tape reader was used to interpret the instructions written on the tape for the machine. Together, all of this represented a giant step forward in the control of machine tools. However, there were a number of problems with NC at this point in its development.A major problem was the fragility of the punched paper tape medium. It was common for the paper tape containing the programmed instructions to break or tear during a machining process. This problem was exacerbated by the fact that each successive time a part was produced on a machine tool, the paper tape carrying the programmed instructions had to be rerun through the reader. If it was necessary to produce 100 copies of a given part, it was also necessary to run the paper tape through the reader 100 separate tines. Fragile paper tapes simply could not withstand the rigors of a shop floor environment and this kind of repeated use.This led to the development of a special magnetic plastic tape. Whereas the paper carried the programmed instructions as a series of holes punched in the tape, the plastic tape carried the instructions as a series of magnetic dots. The plastic tape was much stronger than the paper tape, which solved the problem of frequent tearing and breakage. However, it still left two other problems.The most important of these was that it was difficult or impossible to change the instructions entered on the tape. To made even the most minor adjustments in a program of instructions, it was necessary to interrupt machining operations and make a new tape. It was also still necessary to run the tape through the reader as many times as there were parts to be produced. Fortunately, computer technology became a reality and soon solved the problems of NC associated with punched paper and plastic tape.The development of a concept known as direct numerical control (DNC) solved the paper and plastic tape problems associated with numerical control by simply eliminating tape as the medium for carrying the programmed instructions. In direct numerical control, machine tools are tied, via a data transmission link, to a host computer. Programs for operating the machine tools are stored in the host computer and fed to the machine tool an needed via the data transmission linkage. Direct numerical control represented a major step forward over punched tape and plastic tape. However, it is subject to the same limitations as all technologies that depend on a host computer. When the host computer goes down, the machine tools also experience downtime. This problem led to the development of computer numerical control.3 TurningThe engine lathe, one of the oldest metal removal machines, has a number of useful and highly desirable attributes. Today these lathes are used primarily in small shops where smaller quantities rather than large production runs are encountered.The engine lathe has been replaced in today’s production shops by a wide variety of automatic lathes such as automatic of single-point tooling for maximum metal removal, and the use of form tools for finish on a par with the fastest processing equipment on the scene today.Tolerances for the engine lathe depend primarily on the skill of the operator. The design engineer must be careful in using tolerances of an experimental part that has been produced on the engine lathe by a skilled operator. In redesigning an experimental part for production, economical tolerances should be used.Turret Lathes Production machining equipment must be evaluated now, more than ever before, this criterion for establishing the production qualification of a specific method, the turret lathe merits a high rating.In designing for low quantities such as 100 or 200 parts, it is most economical to use the turret lathe. In achieving the optimum tolerances possible on the turrets lathe, the designer should strive for a minimum of operations.Automatic Screw Machines Generally, automatic screw machines fall into several categories; single-spindle automatics, multiple-spindle automatics and automatic chucking machines. Originally designed for rapid, automatic production of screws and similar threaded parts, the automatic screw machine has long since exceeded the confines of this narrow field, and today plays a vital role in the mass production of a variety of precision parts. Quantities play an important part in the economy of the parts machined on the automatic screw machine. Quantities less than on the automatic screw machine. The cost of the parts machined can be reduced if the minimum economical lot size is calculated and the proper machine is selected for these quantities.Automatic Tracer Lathes Since surface roughness depends greatly on material turned, tooling , and feeds and speeds employed, minimum tolerances that can be held on automatic tracer lathes are not necessarily the most economical tolerances.In some cases, tolerances of 0.05mm are held in continuous production using but one cut . groove width can be held to 0.125mm on some parts. Bores and single-point finishes can be held to 0.0125mm. On high-production runs where maximum output is desirable, a minimum tolerance of 0.125mm is economical on both diameter and length of turn.车床车床主要是为了进行车外圆、车端面和镗孔等项工作而设计的机床。
数控加工常用英语，学会了令人刮目相看，收藏了
数控加工常用英语，学会了令人刮目相看，收藏了常用数控加工英语基本同上，不过NC就是Numerical Control，而不是数控铣床MC 是machine center 就是数控加工中心类似的有nc milling 数控铣床nc turning 数控车床nc grinding 数控磨穿turning center 车削中心3-Jaws indexing spacers 三爪、分割工具头A.T.C.system 加工中心机刀库Boring heads 搪孔头Boring machines 镗床Casting,aluminium 铸铝Casting,copper 铸铜Casting,gray iron 铸灰口铁Casting,malleable iron 可锻铸铁Casting,steel 铸钢Chamfer machines 倒角机Clamping/holding systems 夹具/支持系统CNC bending presses 电脑数控弯折机CNC boring machines 电脑数控镗床CNC drilling machines 电脑数控钻床CNC EDM wire-cutting machines 电脑数控电火花线切削机CNC electric discharge machines 电脑数控电火花机CNC engraving machines 电脑数控雕刻机CNC grinding machines 电脑数控磨床CNC lathes 电脑数控车床CNC machine tool fittings 电脑数控机床配件CNC milling machines 电脑数控铣床CNC shearing machines 电脑数控剪切机CNC toolings CNC刀杆CNC wire-cutting machines 电脑数控线切削机Coolers 冷却机Cutters 刀具Diamond cutters 钻石刀具Die casting dies 压铸冲模Die casting machines 压铸机Disposable toolholder bits 舍弃式刀头Drilling machines 钻床Drilling machines bench 钻床工作台Drilling machines,high-speed 高速钻床Drilling machines,multi-spindle 多轴钻床Drilling machines,radial 摇臂钻床Drilling machines,vertical 立式钻床drills 钻头Electric discharge machines(EDM) 电火花机Electric power tools 电动刀具Engraving machines 雕刻机Engraving machines,laser 激光雕刻机Etching machines 蚀刻机Fixture 夹具Forging,aluminium 锻铝Forging,cold 冷锻Forging,copper 铜锻Forging,other 其他锻造Forging,steel 钢锻Foundry equipment 铸造设备Gear cutting machines 齿轮切削机Gears 齿轮Grinder bench 磨床工作台Grinders,thread 螺纹磨床Grinders,tools & cutters 工具磨床Grinding machines 磨床Grinding machines,centerless 无心磨床Grinding machines,cylindrical 外圆磨床Grinding machines,universal 万能磨床Grinding tools 磨削工具Grinding wheels 磨轮Hand tools 手工具Honing machines 搪磨机Hydraulic components 液压元件Hydraulic power tools 液压工具Hydraulic power units 液压动力元件Hydraulic rotary cylinders 液压回转缸Jigs 钻模Lapping machines,centerless 无心精研机Lathe bench 车床工作台Lathes,automatic 自动车床Lathes,heavy-duty 重型车床Lathes,high-speed 高速车床Lathes,turret 六角车床Lathes,vertical 立式车床Lubricants 润滑液Lubrication Systems 润滑系统Machining centers,general 通用加工中心Machining centers,horizontal 卧式加工中心Machining centers,horizontal & vertical 卧式及立式加工中心Machining centers,vertical 立式加工中心Machining centers,vertical double-column type 立式双柱加工中心Magnetic tools 磁性工具Milling heads 铣头Milling machines 铣床Milling machines,bed type 床身式铣床Milling machines,duplicating 仿形铣床Milling machines,horizontal 卧式铣床Milling machines,turret vertical 六角立式铣床Milling machines,universal 万能铣床Milling machines,vertical 立式铣床Milling machines,vertical & horizontal 立式及卧式铣床Mold repair 模具维修Molds 模具Nail making machines 造钉机Oil coolers 油冷却器Planing machines 刨床Pneumatic power tools 气动工具Powder metallurgic forming machines 粉末冶金成型机Sawing machines 锯床Sawing machines,band 带锯床Saws,band 带锯Saws,hack 弓锯Saws,horizontal band 卧式带锯Saws,vertical band 立式带锯shafts 轴Shapers 牛头刨床Shearing machines 剪切机Slotting machines 插床spindles 主轴Tapping machines 攻螺丝机Vises 虎钳Vises,tool-maker 精密平口钳Wheel dressers 砂轮修整器（2）：按中文拼音字母排序铝轮冒口切断机Overflow cutting machines for aluminium wheels离心压力机 Presses,eccentric六角立式铣床 Milling machines,turret vertical六角车床 Lathes,turret螺栓,螺帽及螺丝 Bolts,screws & nuts螺纹磨床 Grinders,thread冷却机 Coolers冷锻 Forging,cold冷锻冲压机 Presses,cold forging立式双柱加工中心 Machining centers,vertical double-column type立式铣床 Milling machines,vertical立式油压拉床 Vertical hydraulic broaching machine立式刨床 Planing machines vertical立式车床 Lathes,vertical立式带锯 Saws,vertical band立式加工中心 Machining centers,vertical立式及卧式铣床 Milling machines,vertical & horizontal立式钻床 Drilling machines,vertical联轴器 Coupling连续溶解保温炉Aluminum continuous melting & holding furnaces连续冲模 Dies-progressive链传动 Chain drive切断机 Cutting-off machinesCNC刀杆 CNC toolings曲柄压力机 presses,crank修整机 Finishing machines舍弃式刀头 Disposable toolholder bits润滑系统 Lubrication Systems润滑液 Lubricants熔热处理炉 Heating treatment funaces三爪、分割工具头 3-Jaws indexing spacers伺服冲床 Presses,servo输送链 Conveying chains手工具 Hand tools砂轮修整器 Wheel dressers蚀刻机 Etching machines外圆磨床 Grinding machines,cylindrical搪磨机 Honing machines搪孔头 Boring heads卧式铣床 Milling machines,horizontal卧式带锯 Saws,horizontal band卧式加工中心 Machining centers,horizontal卧式及立式加工中心 Machining centers,horizontal & vertical 万能铣床 Milling machines,universal万能磨床 Grinding machines,universal镗床 Boring machines弯曲机 Bending machines弯管机 Tube bending machines通用加工中心 Machining centers,general铜锻 Forging,copper铣头 Milling heads铣床 Milling machines无心磨床 Grinding machines,centerless无心精研机 Lapping machines,centerless压模 Pressing dies压铸冲模 Die casting dies压铸机 Die casting machines油冷却器 Oil coolers造链机 Chain making tools造线机 Cable making tools造钉机 Nail making machines印刷电器板油压冲孔脱料系统 PCB fine piecing systems摇臂钻床 Drilling machines,radial硬(软)板(片)材及自由发泡板机组 Hard/soft and free expansion sheet making plant辗压机 Rolling machines液压元件 Hydraulic components液压冲床 Presses,hydraulic液压动力元件 Hydraulic power units液压工具 Hydraulic power tools液压回转缸 Hydraulic rotary cylindersP型PVC高分子防水P type PVC waterproof rolled sheet making plant刨床 Planing machines牛头刨床 Shapers其他铸造 Casting,other其他锻造 Forging,other模芯 Mold core模具 Molds模具维修 Mold repair模具打磨/磨纹 Mold polishing/texturing模具单元 Mold & die components模具加热器/冷却器 Mold heaters/chillers磨轮 Grinding wheels磨削工具 Grinding tools磨床 Grinding machines磨床工作台 Grinder bench平衡设备 Balancing equipment气油压虎钳 Pneumatic hydraulic clamps气动冲床 Presses,pneumatic气动工具 Pneumatic power tools轴 shafts轴承 Bearings轴承配件 Bearing fittings轴承加工机 Bearing processing equipment 肘杆式压力机 Presses,knuckle joint铸铝 Casting,aluminium铸铜 Casting,copper铸造设备 Foundry equipment铸钢 Casting,steel铸灰口铁 Casting,gray iron织麦激光切割机 Woven-Cutting machines 重力铸造机 Gravity casting machines重型车床 Lathes,heavy-duty主轴 spindles扳手 Wrenches拔丝机 Drawing machines保温炉 Heat preserving furnaces插床 Slotting machines齿轮 Gears齿轮切削机 Gear cutting machines冲压机 Stamping parts冲子研磨器 Punch formers超声波打磨机 Grinders,ultrasonic车床工作台 Lathe bench磁性工具 Magnetic tools传动链 Transmitted chains床身式铣床 Milling machines,bed type带传动 Belt drive带锯 Saws,band带锯床 Sawing machines,band电脑数控镗床 CNC boring machines电脑数控弯折机 CNC bending presses电脑数控铣床 CNC milling machines电脑数控线切削机 CNC wire-cutting machines电脑数控磨床 CNC grinding machines电脑数控车床 CNC lathes电脑数控电火花线切削机 CNC EDM wire-cutting machines 电脑数控电火花机 CNC electric discharge machines电脑数控雕刻机 CNC engraving machines电脑数控机床配件 CNC machine tool fittings电脑数控剪切机 CNC shearing machines电脑数控钻床 CNC drilling machines电动刀具 Electric power tools电火花机 Electric discharge machines(EDM)雕刻机 Engraving machines刀片 Blades刀具 Cutters倒角机 Chamfer machines多轴钻床 Drilling machines,multi-spindle锻铝 Forging,aluminium锻压机 Presses,forging锻模 Forging dies仿形铣床 Milling machines,duplicating粉末冶金成型机 Powder metallurgic forming machines反射炉 Reverberatory furnaces钢锻 Forging,steel高速车床 Lathes,high-speed高速钻床 Drilling machines,high-speed管筒制造机 Pipe & tube making machines滚筒 Rollers工具磨床 Grinders,tools & cutters攻螺丝机 Tapping machines弓锯 Saws,hack虎钳 Vises换模系统 Mold changing systems夹盘 Chucks夹具 Fixture夹具/支持系统 Clamping/holding systems 剪切机 Shearing machines加工中心机刀库 A.T.C.system激光切割 Laser cutting激光雕刻机 Engraving machines,laser激光钢板切割机 Laser cutting for SMT stensil 集合管 Manifolds矫直机 Straightening machines金属板成型机 Sheet metal forming machines 金属板加工机 Sheet metal working machines 锯片 Blades,saw锯床 Sawing machines卷边工具 Crimping tools晶圆切割机 Dicing saws精密平口钳 Vises,tool-maker精研机 Lapping machines可锻铸铁 Casting,malleable iron快速换模系统 Quick mold change systems 卡口 Bayonet开关及按钮 Switches & buttons钻石刀具 Diamond cutters钻头 drills钻模 Jigs钻床 Drilling machines钻床工作台 Drilling machines bench自动压力机 Presses,transfer 自动车床 Lathes,automatic 注油机 Lubricators。
机床用语中英文对照
Aabrasion n. 磨料,研磨材料,磨蚀剂, a. 磨损的,磨蚀的abrasive belt n. 砂带abrasive belt grinding n. 砂带磨削,用研磨带磨光abrasive cut-off machine n. 砂轮切断机abrasive dressing wheel n. 砂轮修整轮abrasive grain n. 磨料粒度abrasive grit n. 研磨用磨料,铁粒abrasive lapping wheel n. 磨料研磨轮accuracy of position n. 位置精度accuracy to shape n. 形状精度active cutting edge n. 主切削刃adapter flange n. 连接器法兰盘adjointing flanks n. 共轭齿廓align n. 找中(心),找正,对中,对准,找平,调直,校直,调整,调准angle milling cutter n. 角铣刀angular grinding n. 斜面磨削,斜磨法angular milling n. 斜面铣削angular plunge grinding n. 斜向切入磨削angular turning n. 斜面车削arbour n. 刀杆,心轴,柄轴,轴,辊轴attachment n. 附件,附件机构,联结,固接,联结法automatic bar machine n. 棒料自动车床automatic boring machine n. 自动镗床automatic copying lathe n. 自动仿形车床automatic double-head milling machine n. 自动双轴铣床automatic lathe n. 自动车床automatic turret lathe n. 自动转塔车床Bbelt grinding machine n. 砂带磨床bench lathe n. 台式车床bevel n. 斜角，斜面，倾斜，斜切，斜角规，万能角尺，圆锥的，倾斜的，斜边，伞齿轮，锥齿轮bevel gear cutting machine n. 锥齿轮切削机床bevel gear tooth system n. 锥齿轮系，锥齿轮传动系统borehole n. 镗孔，镗出的孔，钻眼boring n. 镗孔，钻孔，穿孔boring fixture n. 镗孔夹具boring machine n. 镗床boring tool n. 镗刀boring, drilling and milling machine n. 镗铣床broaching machine n.拉床，铰孔机，剥孔机broaching tool n. 拉刀broad finishing tool n. 宽刃精切刀，宽刃精车刀，宽刃光切刀CCalibrate vt. 校准〔正〕，刻度，分度，检查〔验〕，定标，标定,使标准化，使符合标准cam contour grinder n. 凸轮仿形磨床carbide tip n. 硬质合金刀片carbide turning tool n. 硬质合金车刀carbide-tipped tool n. 硬质合金刀具cast iron machining n. 铸铁加工，铸铁切削加工centerless cylindrical grinder n. 无心外圆磨床ceramic cutting tool n. 金属陶瓷刀具chamfer n.;vt. 倒角，倒棱chamfered cutting edge n. 倒角刀刃champ v. 焦急champing fixture n. 快换夹具champing jaw n. 快换卡爪chaser n. 螺纹梳刀，梳刀盘，板牙chatter vi.;n. 振动，振荡，震颤，刀振cherry n.;a. 樱桃，鲜红的，樱桃木制的chip n. 切屑，铁屑，刀片，刀头，片，薄片，芯片，基片chip breaker groove radius n. 断屑槽底半径，卷屑槽底半径chip clearance n. 切屑间隙chip cross-sectional area n. 切屑横截面面积chip curl n. 螺旋形切屑chip flow n. 切屑流chip formation n. 切屑形成chip removing process n. 去毛刺加工chip variable n. 切屑变量chuck n. 卡盘，夹盘，卡头，〔电磁〕吸盘，vt. 固定，装卡，夹紧，卡住chucker n. 卡盘车床，卡角车床circular drillling machine n. 圆工作台钻床circular path n. 环路，圆轨迹circular pitch measurement n. 周节测量circumference n. 圆周，周线，周界，周围，四周，范围close-grained a. 细颗粒的coeffecient of tool thrust n. 刀具推力系数coil chip n. 卷状切屑cold circular saw n. 冷圆锯cold saw n. 冷锯column drilling machine n. 圆〔方〕柱立式钻床combined drill and milling cutter n. 复合钻铣床complete traverse grinding n. 横进给磨削，切入磨削computer-controlled machine n. 计算机控制机床，数控机床contact pattern n. 靠模continuous chip n. 连续切屑continuous spiral chip n. 连续螺旋切屑contour n. 轮廓，外形，外貌，轮廓线，回路，网路，电路，等高线，等值线，轮廓等高距a. 仿形的，靠模的contour grinding n. 仿形磨削，成形磨削contour milling n. 成形铣削，外形铣削，等高走刀曲面仿形法convex milling attachment n. 凸面铣削附件convex turning attachment n. 中凸车削附件，凸面车削附件coolant lubricant n. 冷却润滑剂coolant lubricant emulsion n. 冷却润滑乳液〔剂〕copy n. 样板，仿形，靠模工作法，拷贝复制品，v. 复制,模仿,抄录copy grinding n. 仿形磨床copy-mill n. 仿形铣copying turret lathe n. 仿形转塔车床corner n. 角,弯〔管〕头,弯管counterbore n. 埋头孔,沉孔,锥口孔,平底扩孔钻,平底锪钻, n.;vt. 扩孔，锪孔，镗孔，镗阶梯孔crankshaft grinding machine n. 曲轴磨床crankshaft turning lathe n. 曲轴车床creep feed grinding n. 缓进给磨削cross milling n. 横向铣削curly chip n. 卷状切屑，螺旋形切屑，切屑螺旋cut v.;n. 切削〔割〕，口，片，断，断开，削减，减少，断面，剖面，相交，凹槽cut off n. 切断〔开，去〕，关闭，停车，停止，断开装置，断流器，挡板，截止，截流cut teeeth n. 铣齿cut-off grinding n. 砂轮截断，砂轮切割cutter n. 刀具，切削工具，截断器，切断器，切断机cutting n. 切削，切片，切割，切屑，金属屑，截槽cutting edge profile n. 切削刃轮廓〔外形，断面〕，切削刃角度cutting force n. 切削力cutting lip n. 切削刃，刀刃，钻唇，钻刃cutting operation n. 切削加工，切削操作，切削作业cutting rate n. 切削效率，切削速率cutting tool n. 刀具，切削工具，刃具cycle n. 周期，周，循环，一个操作过程，轮转，自行车cylindrical grinder n. 外圆磨床Ddamage n.;vt. 损坏〔害，伤，耗，失〕，破坏，事故，故障，伤害，危害deep-hole drilling n.深孔钻削deep-hole milling n. 深孔铣削design n. 设计，计算，计划，方案，设计书，图纸die-sinking n. 凹模dimension n. 尺寸，尺度，维度，量纲，因次direction of the feed motion n. 进给方向，进刀方向discontinuous chip n. 间断切屑distance n. 距离，间隔〔隙〕，长度，vt. 隔开double-column planer-miller n. 双柱龙门铣床dress v. 修饰，修整，平整，整理，清理，装饰，调制，准备，打磨，磨光，压平，轿直，清洗，清理，分级drilling n. 钻头，钻床，穿孔器，凿岩机，v. 钻孔，打孔，钻井，钻探drilling machine n. 钻床，钻机，钻孔机，打眼机drilling tool n. 钻孔〔削，井，眼〕工具Eedge point n. 刀口，刀刃efficiency n. 效率，效能，性能，功率，产量，实力，经济性，有〔功，实〕效end mill n. 立铣刀external grinding n. 外圆磨削Fface n. 表面，外观，工作面，表盘，屏，幕v. 面向，朝向，表面加工，把表面弄平face grinding machine n. 平面磨床face milling machine n. 端面磨床feed force n. 进给力feed motion n. 进给运动fine adjustment n. 精调，细调，微调fine boring n. 精密镗孔finish v.;n. 精加工，抛光，修整，表面粗糙度，完工，最后加工，最后阶段，涂层，涂料finish-cutting n. 精加工，最终切削fixture n. 夹具，夹紧装置，配件，零件，定位器，支架form n. 型式，类型，摸板，模型，形成，产生，成形，表格v. 形〔组，构〕成，产生，作出，成形，造型form-turn n. 成形车削free-cutting n. 自由切削，无支承切削，高速切削Ggap n. 间隔，间隙，距离，范围，区间，缺口，开口火花隙，vt. 使产生裂缝vi. 豁开gear cutting machine n. 齿轮加工机床，切齿机gear generating grinder n. 磨齿机gear hob n. 齿轮滚刀grinding cutter n. 磨具grinding force n. 磨削力grinding machine n. 磨床grinding wheel diameter n. 砂轮直径grinding wheel width n. 砂轮宽度groove n. 槽，切口，排屑槽，空心槽，坡口，vt. 切〔开，铣〕槽groove milling n.铣槽Hheadstock spindle n. 床头箱主轴，主轴箱主轴，头架轴helical tooth system n. 螺旋齿轮传动装置high precision lathe n. 高精度车床high-speed n. 高速high-speed machining n. 高速加工hob n. 齿轮滚刀，滚刀，螺旋铣刀，v. 滚铣，滚齿，滚削horsepower n. 马力hobbing machine n. 滚齿机，螺旋铣床，挤压制模压力机，反应阴模机hole n. 孔，洞，坑，槽，空穴，孔道，管道，v. 钻〔穿，冲，开〕孔，打洞hone n. vt. 磨石，油石，珩磨头，磨孔器，珩磨，honing machine n. 珩磨机，珩床，搪磨床，磨孔机，磨气缸机Iinclination n. 倾斜，斜度，倾角，斜角〔坡〕，弯曲，偏〔差，角〕转increment n. 增量，增加，增〔大〕长indexing table automatic n. 自动分度工作台infeed grinding n. 切入式磨削installation n. 装置，设备，台，站，安装，设置internal grinding n. 内圆磨削involute hob n. 渐开线滚刀Jjig boring machine n. 坐标镗床Kkeyway cutting n. 键槽切削加工knurling tool n. 滚花刀具，压花刀具，滚花刀Llaedscrew machine n. 丝杠加工机床lap grinding n. 研磨lapping n. 研磨，抛光，精研，搭接，擦准lathe n. 车床lathe dog n. 车床轧头，卡箍，鸡心夹头，离心夹头，制动爪，车床挡块lathe tool n. 车刀level n. 水平，水准，水平线，水平仪，水准仪，电平，能级，程度，强度，a. 水平的，相等的，均匀的，平稳的loading time n. 装载料时间，荷重时间，充填时间，充气时间lock n. 锁，栓，闸，闭锁装置，锁型，同步，牵引，v. 闭锁，关闭，卡住，固定，定位，制动刹住longitudinal grinding n. 纵磨low capacity machine n. 小功率机床〔机器〕Mmachine axis n. 机床中心线machine table n. 机床工作台machine tool n. 机床，工作母机machining n. 机械加工，切削加工machining (or cutting) variable n. 加工（或切削）变量machining allowance n. 机械加工余量machining cycle n. 加工循环machining of metals n. 金属切削加工，金属加工magazine automatic n. 自动化仓库，自动化料斗，自动存贮送料装置manufacture n. 制造者，生产者，厂商，产品，制造material removing rate n. 材料去除率metal cutting n. 金属切削metal-cutting technology n. 金属切削工艺学，金属切削工艺〔技术〕metal-cutting tool n. 金属切削刀具，金属切削工具micrometer adjustment n. 微调milling n. 铣削，磨碎，磨整，选矿milling feed n. 铣削进给，铣削走刀量，铣削走刀机构milling machine n. 铣床milling spindle n. 铣床主轴milling tool n. 铣削刀具，铣削工具mount v. 固定，安装，装配，装置，架设，n. 固定件，支架，座，装置，机构mounting n. 安装，装配，固定，机架，框架，装置mounting fixture n. 安装夹具，固定夹具NNose n. 鼻子，端，前端，凸头，刀尖，机头，突出部分，伸出部分number of revolutions n. 转数numerical control n. 数字控制numerically controlled lathe n. 数控车床Ooblique grinding n. 斜切式磨床operate v. 操纵，控制，运行，工作，动作，运算operating cycle n. 工作循环operation n. 运转，操作，控制，工作，作业，运算，计算operational instruction n. 操作说明书，操作说明operational safety n. 操作安全性，使用可靠性oscillating type abrasive cutting machine n. 摆动式砂轮切割机oscillation n. 振动，振荡，摆动，颤振，振幅out-cut milling n. 切口铣削oxide ceramics n. 氧化物陶瓷oxide-ceramic cutting tool n. 陶瓷刀具Pperformance n. 实行，执行，完成，特性，性能，成品，制作品，行为，动作，生产率，效率peripheral grinding n. 圆周磨削peripheral speed n. 圆周速度，周速，边缘速度perpendicular a. 垂直的，正交的，成直角的n. 垂直，正交，竖直，垂线，垂直面physical entity n. 实体，实物pitch n. 齿距，节距，铆间距，螺距，极距，辊距，坡度，高跨比，俯仰角pitch circle n. 节圆plain (or cylindrical) milling machine n. 普通（或圆柱形）铣床plain grinding n. 平面磨削plain turning n. 平面车床plane n. 平面，面，投影，刨，水平，程度，阶段，飞机a.平的v. 弄平，整平，刨，飞行plane milling n. 平面铣削plane-mill n. 平面铣刀，平面铣床plunge mill n. 模向进给滚轧机plunge-cut n. 切入式磨削，横向进给磨削，全面进刀法，全面进给法plunge-cut thread grinder n. 切入式螺纹磨床plunge-grinding n. 切入式磨削point n. 点，尖端，刀尖，针尖，指针，交点，要点，论点，特点v. 指，面向，瞄准，对准，表明，弄尖，强调power n. 功率，效率，能〔容，力〕量，动力，电源，能源v. 驱〔拖，带，发〕动，给...以动力power hacksaw n. 机动弓锯〔钢锯〕precision boring n. 精镗precision boring machine n. 精密镗床precision machining n. 精密机械加工pressure angle n. 压力角primary cutting edge n. 主切削刃principal feed motion n. 主进给运动，主进刀运动production method s n. 生产方法[式]profile n. 轮廓，形面，剖面，侧面图，分布图。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
本科生毕业设计 (论文)
外文翻译
原文标题数控车床
译文标题Numerical Control Lathes
作者所在系机械工程系
作者所在专机械设计制造及其自动化作者所在班
作者姓名
作者学号
指导教师姓
指导教师职
完成时间2012 年 2 月28
注：1. 指导教师对译文进行评阅时应注意以下几个方面：①翻译的外文文献与毕业设计（论文）的主题是否高度相关，并作为外文参考文献列入毕业设计（论文）的参考文献；②翻译的外文文献字数是否达到规定数量（3 000字以上）；③译文语言是否准确、通顺、具有参考价值。
2. 外文原文应以附件的方式置于译文之后。