中国特有词汇英文翻译
中国传统文化词汇中英互译
中国传统文化词汇中英互译1. 元宵节： Lantern Festival2. 刺绣：embroidery3. 重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival4. 清明节：Tomb sweeping day5. 剪纸：Paper Cutting6. 书法：Calligraphy7. 对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets8. 象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters9. 人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow10. 四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle11. 战国：Warring States12. 风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen13. 铁饭碗：Iron Bowl14. 函授部：The Correspondence Department15. 集体舞：Group Dance16. 黄土高原：Loess Plateau17. 红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals18. 中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day19. 结婚证：Marriage Certificate20. 儒家文化：Confucian Culture21. 附属学校：Affiliated school22. 古装片：Costume Drama23. 武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie24. 元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup)25. 一国两制：One Country, Two Systems26. 火锅：Hot Pot27. 四人帮：Gang of Four28. 《诗经》：The Book of Songs29. 素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education30. 《史记》：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian31. 大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Movement)32. 《西游记》：The Journey to the West33. 除夕：Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival34. 针灸：Acupuncture35. 唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery36. 中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics37. 偏旁：radical38. 孟子：Mencius39. 亭/阁： Pavilion/ Attic40. 大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises41. 火药：gunpowder42. 农历：Lunar Calendar43. 印/玺：Seal/Stamp44. 物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization45. 京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera46. 秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera47. 太极拳：Tai Chi48. 独生子女证：The Certificate of One-child49. 天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing50. 小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand51. 红双喜：Double Happiness52. 政治辅导员：Political Counselor/School Counselor53. 春卷：Spring Roll(s)54. 莲藕：Lotus Root55. 追星族：Star Struck56. 故宫博物院：The Palace Museum57. 相声：Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue58. 下岗：Lay off/Laid off59. 北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck60. 高等自学考试：Self-taught Examination of Higher Education61. 烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker62. 敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves63. 电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit64. 香港澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao65. 文化大革命：Cultural Revolution66. 长江中下游地区：The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River67. 门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match68. 《水浒》：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh69. 中外合资企业：Joint Ventures70. 文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）："The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone"71.兵马俑：cotta Warriors/ Terracotta Army72.旗袍：cheongsam翻译中的黄金词组一、政治类：1. 日益昌盛become increasingly prosperous2. 快速发展develop rapidly3. 隆重集会gather ceremoniously4. 热爱和平love peace5. 追求进步pursue progress6. 履行权利和义务perform the responsibilities and obligations7. 回顾奋斗历程review the course of struggle8. 展望伟大征程look into the great journey9. 充满信心和力量be filled with confidence and strength10. 必胜be bound to win11. 主张各国政府采取行动urge governments of all countries to takeaction12. 和平共处coexist peacefully13. 对内开放和对外开放open up both externally and internally14. 经历两个不同时期experience two different periods15. 战胜无数的困难overcome numerous difficulties16. 赢得一个又一个胜利win one victory after another17. 完全意识到be fully aware that18. 迈出重要的一步make an important step19. 采取各种措施adopt various measures20. 得出结论,告一段落draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion21. 实现民族独立realize national independence22. 追求真理seek the truth23. 建立社会主义制度establish a socialist system24. 根除(防止,消除)腐败root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption25. 响应号召respond to the call26. 进入新时期enter a new period27. 实行新政策practice new policies28. 展现生机和活力display one’s vigor and vitality29. 增强综合国力enhance comprehensive(overall) national strength and和国际竟争力international competitiveness30. 进入世界先进行列edge into the advanced ranks in the world31. 解决温饱问题solve the problem of food and clothing32. 吸收各国文明的先进成果absorb what is advanced in other civilizations33. 与日俱增increase every day34. 实现夙愿fulfill the long-cherished wishes35. 必将实现be bound to come true36. 锻造一支人民军队forge a people’s army37. 建立巩固的国防build a strong national defense38. 进行和谈hold peace talks39. 修改法律amend the laws40. 在．．．中起（至关）play a major的(crucial, an important ) role in重要作用41. 对．．．做出重要(巨大)贡献make important (great, major )contributions to42. 遵循规则follow the principles43. 把理论和实际结合起来integrate theory with practice …44. 把．．．作为指导take… as the guide45. 缓和紧张状况ease the tension46. 高举伟大旗帜hold high the great banner47. 解决新问题resolve new problems48. 观察当今世界observe the present-day world49. 开拓前进open up new ways forward50. 增强凝聚力enhance the rally power51. 结束暴力，开始和平谈判end the violence and resume peace talks52. 进行战略性调整make strategic readjustment53. 开始生效go into effect / enter into force54. 就．．．接受妥协accept a compromise on55. 接受．．．的采访be interviewed by56. 把……看成社会公敌look upon … as a threat to society57. 把……捐给慈善机构donate …to charities58. 维护世界和平maintain world peace59. 摆脱贫穷落后get rid of poverty and backwardness60. 实现发展繁荣bring about development and prosperity61. 反对各种形式的恐怖主义be opposed to all forms of terrorism62. 宣布。
中国网络热词的英译
中国网络热词的英译中国的网络热词是指在中国大陆或全球华人社区中，因具有特定的社会文化背景或特定事件而引起广泛关注和讨论的词汇和短语。
这些网络热词通常具有丰富的内涵和象征意义，可以反映当下社会热点、民生问题和流行趋势。
在中国的互联网社交平台上，这些网络热词经常出现在用户的微博、朋友圈和短视频中，被广泛使用和传播。
以下是一些中国网络热词的英译，以帮助英语母语者更好地了解中国当下的网络文化和社会现象。
1. 996"996"是中国互联网行业中的一个热词，指的是工作制度中的加班文化。
"996"指的是每周工作 6 天，每天工作 9 小时以上，通常是从早上 9 点工作到晚上 9 点或更晚。
这种长时间的加班工作制度在中国互联网行业内盛行，但受到了广泛批评。
英文表达可以是"996 work culture"或"996 work schedule"。
2. 小而美"小而美"是中国近年来流行的一种发展理念和商业模式，指的是注重精细化、品质化和差异化的经营策略。
"小而美"企业通常是指小规模、高品质、有情怀、具有个性化的特色企业。
在英文中可表达为"Small is beautiful"。
3. 民宿"民宿"是指由居民将自己的住房改造成特色客栈，提供住宿、餐饮和休闲娱乐等服务的经营模式。
这种形式的住宿方式已经成为中国旅游业中的新兴热点，吸引了大量年轻游客的青睐。
"民宿"在英文中译为"homestay"或"bed and breakfast"。
4. 风口"风口"是指社会经济中出现的机遇和有利的时机。
"风口"经常与行业或产业的发展机会联系在一起，是指具有潜在利润和增长空间的市场趋势。
中国国情及文化词汇英文翻译
中国国情词汇翻译总需求 aggregate demand总供给 aggregate supply企业文化 corporate/entrepreneurial culture企业形象 corporate image (Cl); enterprise image跨国公司 cross-national corporation创业精神 enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise猎头公司head-hunter假日经济 holiday economy人力资本human capital航空和航天工业aerospace industry飞机制造工业aircraft industry电子工业 electronic industry汽车制造工业 car industry娱乐业 entertainment industry信息产业 information industry知识密集型产业 knowledge-intensive industry国有大中型企业 large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 轻工业 light industry博彩业 lottery industry制造业 manufacturing industry垄断行业 monopoly industries市场多元化 market diversification市场经济 market economy市场监管 market supervision购买力 purchasing power熊市 bear market牛市 bull market城镇化 urbanization房地产 real estate首付 down-payment业主 home owner个人购房贷款 individual housing loan经济全球化 economic globalization经济特区 special economic zones (SEZ)经济增长 economic growth泡沫经济 bubble economy 关税tariff纳税人tax payer宏观经济macro economy货币投放量 the size of money supply流动性过剩excess liquidity经济过热 overheated economy通货膨胀inflation抑制通货膨胀curb inflation注入流动性 to inject liquidity贴现率 discount rate存款准备金率 reserve requirement ratio (RRR)公开市场业务 open market operation (OMO)逆回购 reverse repurchase agreement; reverse repo引导降低市场借贷成本to guide the market borrowing costs to a lower level稳健的货币政策prudent monetary policy微调货币政策 to fine-tune monetary policy硬着陆 hard landing软着陆 soft landing二十国集团 Group of Twenty (G2O)财政部长 Finance Minister全年预期经济增长目标the expected growth target for the whole year 经济活力 economic vitality大规模经济刺激计划 a massive economic stimulus package结构改革 structural reform硬资产 hard assets软资产 soft assets有形资产 tangible assets经济走廊 economic corridor整顿市场秩序 to rectify the market order反垄断 antitrust; anti-monopoly定价浮动 price fluctuations谋求利益最大化 to maximize profit债务审计audit of debt地方性政府债务 local government debt/liability公共财政体制改革 an overhaul of the public finance system 债务管理 debt management信用支持 credit support多元文化论 cultural pluralism文化适应 acculturation社会保障 social security班车 shuttle bus相定迁户 a relocated unit or household大龄青年 single youth above the normal matrimonial age独生子女 the only child in a family单亲 single parent福利彩票 welfare lotteries家政服务 household management service民工 migrant laborers名人 celebrity农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor/laborers青春期 puberty全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign全国人口普查 nationwide census社会保险 social insurance暂住证 temporary residence permit/card青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency性骚扰 sexual harassment走私 smuggling*性另歧视 gender/sexual discrimination年龄歧视 age discrimination工作歧视 job discrimination享乐主义hedonism文盲 illiteracy贫富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor盗版 pirated/illegal copies一国两制 One Country, Two Systems三个代表 the Three Represents Theory两会(人大、政协)Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC)南南合作 South-South Cooperation南北对话 North-South Dialog人大常委会 People’s Congress Standing Committee法制观念 awareness of law法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system改革开放 reform and opening-up公务员 civil servants官僚主义作风 the bureaucratic style of work和谐并存 harmonious coexistence计划生育 family planning计划生育基本国策 the basic state policy of family planning 4青才申文明建设 the construction of spiritual civilization 居委会 neighborhood committee科教兴国 national rejuvenation through science and education 可持续发展 sustainable development廉洁高效 honesty and high efficiency两岸关系 cross-straits relations两岸谈判 cross-straits negotiations领土完整 territorial integrity民族精神 national spirit普选制 general election system求同存异 seek common ground while shelving differences人大代表NPC member物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization小康社会 a well-off society小康水平 a well-off standard一个中国原则 the one-China principle与时俱进 keep pace with the times综合国力 overall national strength共同愿望common desire“走出去”(战略)going global不结盟 non-alignment单边主义 unilateralism多边政策 multilateralism多极世界 multipolar world人口老龄化 aging of population人口出生率birth rate社区月服务 community service道德法庭 court of ethics盗用公款embezzlement成人夜校 night school for adults在职进修班 on-job training courses政治思想教育 political and ideological education毕业生分配 graduate placement; assignment of graduate充电update one’s knowledge初等教育 elementary education大学城 college town大学社区 college community高等教育 higher education高等教育“211 工程” the “211 Project” for higher education 高等学府 institution of higher education综合性大学 comprehensive university文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering 师范学院teachers’ college; normal college高分低能 high scores and low abilities高考(university/college) entrance examination高校扩招 the college expansion plan教育界 education circle教育投入 input in education九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools课外活动 extracurricular activities必修课 required/compulsory course选修课 elective/optional course基础课 basic courses专业课 specialized courses课程表 school schedule教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus学习年限 period of schooling学历 record of formal schooling学分 credit启发式教学 heuristic teaching人才交流 talent exchange人才战 competition for talented people商务英语证书 Business English Certificate (BEC)适龄儿重入学率 enrollment rate for children of school age升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade; enrollment rate京剧 Peking opera秦腔 Qin opera功夫Kungfo太极Tai Chi口技 ventriloquism木偶戏puppet show皮影戏 shadowplay折子戏 opera highlights杂技 acrobatics相声 witty dialogue comedy刺绣 embroidery苏绣 Suzhou embroidery泥人 clay figure书法 calligraphy中国画 traditional Chinese painting水墨画 Chinese brush painting中国结 Chinese knot中国古代四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China火药 gunpowder印刷术printing造纸术 paper-making指南针 the compass青铜器 bronze ware瓷器 porcelain; china唐三彩 tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty景泰蓝cloisonne秋千swing武术 martial arts儒家思想Confucianism儒家文化 Confucian culture道教 Taoism墨家Mohism法家 Legalism佛教 Buddhism孔子 Confucius孟子 Mencius老子 Lao Tzu庄子 Chuang Tzu墨子 Mo Tzu孙子Sun Tzu象形文字 pictographic characters文房四宝(笔墨纸观)the Four Treasures of the Study (brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone)《大学》The Great Learning《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean《论语》The Analects of Confucius《孟子》The Mencius《孙子兵法》The Art of War《三国演义》Three Kingdoms《西游爷己》Journey to the West《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes《山海经》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals《史记》Historical Records《诗经》The Book of Songs《易经》The I Ching; The Book of Changes《礼记》The Book of Rites《三字经》Three-character Scriptures 八股文 eight-part essay五言绝句 five-character quatrain七言律诗 seven-character octave旗袍 cheongsam中山装 Chinese tunic suit唐装 Tang suit风水 Fengshui; geomantic omen阳历 Solar calendar阴历 Lunar calendar闰年 leap year十二生肖zodiac春节 the Spring Festival元宵节 the Lantern Festival清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day端午节 the Dragon-boat Festival中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day重阳节 the Double-ninth Day七夕节 the Double-seventh Day春联 spring couplets庙会 temple fair爆竹 firecracker年画(traditional) New Year pictures 压岁钱 New Year gift-money舞龙dragon dance元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings花灯 festival lantern灯谜 lantern riddle舞狮 lion dance踩高跷 stilt walking赛龙舟 dragon boat race胡同hutong山东菜 Shandong cuisine川菜 Sichuan cuisine粤菜 Canton cuisine扬州菜 Yangzhou cuisine月饼 moon cake年糕 rice cake油条 deep-fried dough sticks豆浆 soybean milk馒头 steamed buns花卷 steamed twisted rolls包子 steamed stuffed buns北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck拉面 hand-stretched noodles馄饨 wonton (dumplings in soup)豆腐 tofu? bean curd麻花 fried dough twist烧饼 clay oven rolls皮蛋 100-year egg; century egg蛋炒饭 fried rice with egg糖葫芦 tomatoes on sticks火锅hot pot长城 the Great Wall of China烽火台 beacon tower秦士台皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang 兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda丝绸之路the Silk Road敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes华清池 Huaqing Hot Springs五台山"Wutai Mountain九华山 Jiuhua Mountain蛾眉山Mount Emei泰山 Mount Tai黄山 Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain故宫 the Imperial Palace天坛 the Temple of Heaven午门 Meridian Gate大运河 Grand Canal护城河the Moat回音壁Echo Wall居庸关 Juyongguan Pass九龙壁 the Nine Dragon Wall黄帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi十三陵 the Ming Tombs苏州园林 Suzhou gardens西湖 West Lake九寨沟 Jiuzhaigou Valley日月潭 Sun Moon Lake布达拉宫Potala Palace鼓楼 drum tower四合院 quadrangle; courtyard complex孔庙 Confucius Temple乐山大佛 Leshan Giant Buddha十八罗汉 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha喇嘛Lama风水：Fengshui; geomantic omen阳历：solar calendar阴历：lunar calendar闰年：leap year十二生肖：zodiac春节：the Spring Festival元宵节：the Lantern Festival清明节：the Tomb-sweeping Day端午节：the Dragon-boat Festival中秋节：the Mid-autumn Day重阳节：the Double-ninth Day七夕节：the Double-seventh Day春联：spring couplets春运：the Spring Festival travel把中国的汉字“福”字倒贴在门上(听起来像是福到)预示新年有好运：turn the Chinese character for luck (fu) upside down to make “dao”(which sounds like arrival) and put it on your door to bring in good fortune for the new year庙会：temple fair爆竹：firecracker年画：(traditional) New Year pictures压岁钱：New Year gift-money舞龙：dragon dance舞狮：lion dance元宵：sweet sticky rice dumplings花灯：festival lantern灯谜：lantern riddle食物对于中国佳节来说至关重要，但甜食对于农历新年特别重要，因为他们能让新的一年更加甜蜜。
中国热门网络词汇英文翻译
1. 山寨copycattingThis Chinese term literally refers to the mountain strongholds of bandits. First borrowed to describe rip-off products, it has evolved to refer also to homemade products, such as video parodies of movies.2. 囧be sunk/sunkenThis is an ancient Chinese character, pronounced "jiong". It means "light shining through a window". Young Chinese use it to express embarrassment, or a bad mood. Look at the character. Doesn't it look like a disappointed face?3. 很黄很暴力very pornographic, very violentDuring a CCTV interview about a new Internet censorship regulation, a girl said that an uncensored Web page once popped up on her computer. She called it "very pornographic, very violent". Some believe the girl was told to say it by CCTV, so it is now used to mock the way the network covers news.4. 槑nutsPronounced méi, the word is a variant of the word for "梅". But it also looks like a double version of the character 呆(dai), which means stupid. So netizens have borrowed it to mean "very silly or very stupid".5. 叉腰肌Psoas muscleXie Yalong, the former head of the Chinese Football Association , once criticized women players, saying they have weak Psoas muscles. (This is the muscle that links the trunk to the legs; it's important for motion.) However, nobody, including the players, knew where the muscle is. This quote is now used to mock Xie, who was recently removed from his position.6. 打酱油get some soy sauceWhen a person in Guangzhou was asked to give his opinion of the sex scandal involving Hong Kong star Edison Chen (Chen Guanxi), the man answered, "It is none of my business. I am just out to get some soy sauce." People have since begun using the words to mean "it's none of my business".7. 泡良族pick-up artistsThis expression refers to men who seduce married women.8. 凤凰男Phoenix manThis expression refers to a man who grew up poor and in the countryside , but later moved to a big city and married a city girl. Due to the couple's different backgrounds and habits, they often encounter problems.9. 做人不能太CNN don't be too CNNIt emerged in response to foreign media's coverage of Tibet. Many Chinese thought it was biased. It gained more popularity after CNN commentator Jack Cafferty's rude talk of China.10. 三个俯卧撑three push-upsA girl in Guizhou was rumored to have been killed by the relatives of local police officials. However, a local government official claimed the girl's boyfriend said the girl had jumped into the river when he was doing push-ups. The popularity of the term signals people's doubts over the story.11. 战略再保证: Strategic reassuranceUS President Barack Obama came carrying a new catchphrase for the Sino-US relationship during his Asia tour —“strategic reassurance.” The US administration’s new strategy toward China appears to mean that the two sides should reassure each other and the rest of the world that their development will not come at the expense of others.12. 钓鱼执法: EntrapmentEntrapment is the act of a law enforcement agent inducing a person to commit an illegal activity that they would not normally have done.13. 临时性: Temporary rapeThe ironic phrase started from a court verdict that gave two former police assistants a lenient sentence of three years imprisonment for rape. The court in Zhejiang Province said it was because the defendants had committed a "temporary crime on a whim."14. 秒杀族: SeckillThe word was originally used in online games when some players or NPCs are killed in a second. It now refers to a group of Internet shoppers bidding zealously on auction items seconds before the deal is closed to gain a big bargain.15. 乙男: Otomen, pinky boyThe Japanese manga “Otomen” and its namesake TV drama features a boy with a secret: the things he really loves are cute dolls, cooking and sewing. The word “otomen” is a pun made of the Japanese word otome, meaning young girl, and the English word "men."16. 蚁族: Ant-like graduatesThe phrase refers to university graduates in big cities like Beijing and Shanghai who can not find a job immediately after their graduation. Unwilling to return to their hometown, they live in densely populated apartments in remote parts of the city that are cheap. These students go out job hunting every day and only return to the rented house for a place to crash, like working ants in nature’s wild.17. 虾米族: Shrimp clanThe term is derived from a popular KFC item featuring seven intact fried shrimps between two pieces of regular bread. It triggers deep thoughts among young consumers over how to live a better life in limited space. The clan refers to those who make the most of their available resources to handle soaring housing prices and salary cuts to maintain their living standards during the global downturn.18. 官二代: The second officer generationThe term, another word popular over the Internet after “the second rich generation” and “the second poor generation,” refers to children from families of senior officials. Their privileges are based on their parents’ power or other useful networks, inste ad of their own accomplishments. This second generation is notorious for their domineering practices and other misdeeds that annoy the public.19. 范儿: StyleThe Chinese term, popular mainly in northern China, refers to one's style --from dressing to general behavior.20. 被当爸: involuntary fatherThe term became popular when an obscure model said she had a child with actor Jude Law, confirmed by a DNA t est. Law was then “forced to be someone’s father” because the model deliberately did not use contraceptives.21. 春夏季: SprummerThe term, developed by Australian scientist Tim Entwisle, is a combination of spring and summer together with another new word “sprinter” indicating an early spring. The term refers to the season between spring and summer, the suggested additional period that is not clearly differentiated from the conventional four.。
中国特色词汇英文翻译
Lay off/Laid off
北京烤鸭
Beijing Roast Duck
高等自学考试
Self-taught Examination of Higher Education
烟花爆竹
fireworks and firecracker
敦煌莫高窟
Mogao Caves
电视小品
TV Sketch/TV Skit
红双喜
Double Happiness
政治辅导员
Political Counselor/School Counselor
春卷
Spring Roll(s)
莲藕
Lotus Root
追星族
Star Struck
故宫博物院
The Palace Museum
相声
Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue
针灸
Acupuncture
唐三彩
Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery
中国特色的社会主义
Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics
中外合资企业
Joint Ventures
文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）
The Four Treasure of the Study "Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone",
《史记》
Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian
大跃进
Chinglish是一种尴尬
Chinglish是一种尴尬，还是一种娱乐？行人包上的英文“Don’t forget your thing”，英文的俚语意思是“带上你的'小弟弟'”。
这是典型的“Chinglish ”。
8月，美国“全球语言监督”的机构报告指出，随着中国国力的提升，中国式英语正在对国际英语形成最强烈的冲击，这当中包括大量中国政治经济的新词汇涌入，也包括由中国式思维造成的“洋泾浜英语”，其中有创造性的一部分可能进入标准英语。
另一方面，随着中国2008年奥运的临近，至少在北京，政府针对之前大量存在的蹩脚英语标识开始了一场“纠错”运动。
从长城标识、街道标牌到菜谱，统统都在改正之列。
但在一些外国人看来，洋泾浜英语是一个非常有意思值得保存的东西，一些人开了Chiglish(中式英语)的网站，试图在它完全消失之前收集起来，作为一种历史的纪念。
谁知道什么是“watch sister ”？You don't bird me，I don't bird you(你不鸟我，我也不鸟你)，We two who and who？(咱俩谁跟谁？)，Give you some color see see(给你点颜色瞧瞧)，watch sister(表妹)……在网上搜索“中国式英语”，出现频率最高的就是这一组根据汉语逐字翻译，外国人可能永远看不懂的英文。
“中文语法加上英文词汇，这就是典型的Chinglish(中式英语)”。
教育部大学英语教学指导委员会副主任、中山大学外语学院夏纪梅教授说。
如果你以为这些词仅仅是网络搞笑的东东，那就错了。
8月，美国“全球语言监督”机构发布的报告称，上世纪30年代逐字翻译的中式英语Long time no see(很久不见)已经进入英语的标准词组。
而今天中国2.5亿的英语学习者，正在让国际英语经历前所未有的中国式英语的强烈冲击。
有网友于是说，“说不定有一天，美国人也会说Good good study ，day day up(好好学习，天天向上)了呢”。
传统词汇(英文对中国传统节日的翻译)
13. 铁饭碗：Iron Bowl
14. 函授部：The Correspondence Department
15. 集体舞：Group Dance
16. 黄土高原：Loess Plateau
17. 红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals
67. 门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match
68. 《水浒》：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh
69. 中外合资企业：Joint Ventures
70. 文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）："The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone"
62. 敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves
63. 电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit
64. 香港澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao
65. 文化大革命：Cultural Revolution
66. 长江中下游地区：The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River
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这些粽子的各种单词翻译
这些粽子的各种单词翻译这些关于粽子的各种单词翻译端午到了，吃粽子的时候，你是否想知道那些粽子的各种英语翻译呢?下面店铺总结了一些，希望大家喜欢。
这些粽子的各种单词翻译篇1Glutinous Rice白粽Jujibe红枣粽子Red Bean红豆粽Salted Duck Egg咸蛋粽Pork牛肉粽Peanuts花生粽Red bean Paste豆沙粽Mixed Grain Rice杂粮粽Chestnuts板栗粽子Tea甜茶粽子Ham火腿粽子Alkaline Water碱水粽子1.粽子的英文是:rice dumpling/rice dumplings ，包粽子就是：make rice dumplings .这是比较书面的叫法，现在慢慢大家叫的比较随意，这种官方的.叫法用的人也不是很多了。
2.粽子(tsung-tse/tzung tzu)，这种拼写和发音，更像是以前汉语的英文翻译。
类似于现在的“清华大学(Tsinghua University)”。
那是已经约定俗成的了。
毕竟人家已经是百年老校了，而且在世界上有已经是非常知名了。
3.粽子:zongzi，因为中国特有的食物，其实很多词是用直接翻译成英语的，因为文化背景不同。
对于现在的中文词汇翻译成英文的，很多都是直接汉语拼音了。
例如：饺子(Jiao Zi)，不一定要说是“dumpling”，老外都明白的。
还有中国的功夫(Chinese Kongfu)，已经家喻户晓了。
一般采用的翻译法就是先说拼音，再用英语简单解释。
这些粽子的各种单词翻译篇2粽子的英文：ricedumplings ；Traditional Chinese rice-puddingrice读法英[ras] 美[ras]n（名词）.米；米饭；稻短语1、husk rice 碾米2、cook rice 煮饭3、grow rice 种稻4、harvest rice 收割稻子5、have rice 吃米饭扩展资料词语用法1、rice的基本意思是“稻”，也可指“稻米，大米”，还可指“米饭”。
中国传统词汇的英文翻译
中国传统特有词汇的英文翻译1. 元宵节：Lantern Festival2. 刺绣：embroidery3. 重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival4. 清明节：Tomb sweeping day5. 剪纸：Paper Cutting6. 书法：Calligraphy7. 对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets8. 象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters9. 人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow10. 四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle11. 战国：Warring States12. 风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen13. 铁饭碗：Iron Bowl14. 函授部：The Correspondence Department15. 集体舞：Group Dance16. 黄土高原：Loess Plateau17. 红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals18. 中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day19. 结婚证：Marriage Certificate20. 儒家文化：Confucian Culture21. 附属学校：Affiliated school22. 古装片：Costume Drama23. 武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie24. 元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup)25. 一国两制：One Country, Two Systems26. 火锅：Hot Pot27. 四人帮：Gang of Four28. 《诗经》：The Book of Songs29. 素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education30. 《史记》：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian31. 大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Movement)32. 《西游记》：The Journey to the West33. 除夕：Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival34. 针灸：Acupuncture35. 唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery36. 中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characte ristics37. 偏旁：radical38. 孟子：Mencius39. 亭/阁：Pavilion/ Attic40. 大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises41. 火药：gunpowder42. 农历：Lunar Calendar43. 印/玺：Seal/Stamp44. 物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilizati on45. 京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera46. 秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera47. 太极拳：Tai Chi48. 独生子女证：The Certificate of One-child49. 天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing50. 小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand51. 红双喜：Double Happiness52. 政治辅导员：Political Counselor/School Counselor53. 春卷：Spring Roll(s)54. 莲藕：Lotus Root55. 追星族：Star Struck56. 故宫博物院：The Palace Museum57. 相声：Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue58. 下岗：Lay off/Laid off59. 北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck60. 高等自学考试：Self-taught Examination of Higher Education61. 烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker62. 敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves63. 电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit64. 香港澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao65. 文化大革命：Cultural Revolution66. 长江中下游地区：The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River67. 门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match68. 《水浒》：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh69. 中外合资企业：Joint Ventures70. 文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）："The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone"。
中国特有词汇英文翻译
43. 印/玺：Seal/Stamp
44. 物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization
45. 京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera
46. 秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera
47. 太极拳：Tai Chi
48. 独生子女证：The Certificate of One-child
49. 天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing
50. 小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand
51. 红双喜：Double Happiness
37. 偏旁：radical
38. 孟子：Mencius
39. 亭/阁： Pavilion/ Attic
40. 大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises
41. 火药：gunpowder
42. 农历：Lunar Calendar
52. 政治辅导员：Political Counselor/School Counselor
53. 春卷：Spring Roll(s)
54. 莲藕：Lotus Root
55. 追星族：Star Struck
56. 故宫博物院：The Palace Museum
61. 烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker
62. 敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves
63. 电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit
中国特色社会文化词语英文翻译
中国特色社会文化词语英文翻译1. 元宵节：Lantern Festival2. 刺绣：embroidery3. 重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival4. 清明节：Tomb sweeping day5. 剪纸：Paper Cutting6. 书法：Calligraphy7. 对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets8. 象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters9. 人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow10. 四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle11. 战国：Warring States12. 风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen13. 铁饭碗：Iron Bowl14. 函授部：The Correspondence Department15. 集体舞：Group Dance16. 黄土高原：Loess Plateau17. 红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals18. 中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day19. 结婚证：Marriage Certificate20. 儒家文化：Confucian Culture21. 附属学校：Affiliated school22. 古装片：Costume Drama23. 武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie24. 元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup)25. 一国两制：One Country, Two Systems26. 火锅：Hot Pot27. 四人帮：Gang of Four28. 《诗经》：The Book of Songs29. 素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education30. 《史记》：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian31. 大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Movement)32. 《西游记》：The Journey to the West33. 除夕：Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival34. 针灸：Acupuncture35. 唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery36. 中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics37. 偏旁：radical38. 孟子：Mencius39. 亭/阁：Pavilion/ Attic40. 大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-ownedEnterprises41. 火药：gunpowder42. 农历：Lunar Calendar43. 印/玺：Seal/Stamp44. 物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization45. 京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera46. 秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera47. 太极拳：Tai Chi48. 独生子女证：The Certificate of One-child49. 天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing50. 小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand51. 红双喜：Double Happiness52. 政治辅导员：Political Counselor/School Counselor53. 春卷：Spring Roll(s)54. 莲藕：Lotus Root55. 追星族：Star Struck56. 故宫博物院：The Palace Museum57. 相声：Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue58. 下岗：Lay off/Laid off59. 北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck60. 高等自学考试：Self-taught Examination of Higher Education61. 烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker62. 敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves63. 电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit64. 香港澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao65. 文化大革命：Cultural Revolution66. 长江中下游地区：The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River67. 门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match68. 《水浒》：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh69. 中外合资企业：Joint Ventures70. 文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）："The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush/Writing Brush, Tusche/ Inkstick, Paper/ Rice Paper, and Inkstone/ Inkslab"71. 笔架：penholder72. 笔筒：brush pot73. 镇纸：paperweight74. 书法：calligraphy75. 湖笔的尖健齐圆四德：sharp, tough, neat, and round.76. 衙门 yamen77. 叩头 kowtow78. 孔子Confucius79. 牌楼 pailou；pai-loo80. 武术 wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)81. 功夫 kungfu ；kung fu82. 中庸 the way of medium (cf. Golden Means)83. 中和 harmony (zhonghe)84. 孝顺 to show filial obedience85. 孝子 dutiful son86. 家长 family head87. 宗族 patriarchal clan88. 三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son, husband guides wife 89. 五常：仁、义、理、智、信five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity90. 八股文 eight-legged essays/ eight-part essays91. 四书五经 Four Books and Five Classics92. 多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness93. 养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age94. 八卦 trigram95. 阴、阳 yin, yang96. 江湖（世界） the jianghu World（the traits’ world）97. 道 Daoism（Taoism）98. 上火 excessive internal heat99. 儒学 Confucianism100. 红学（《红楼梦》研究） redology101. 世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia102. 开放 kaifang （Chinese openness to the outside world）103. 大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done 104. 不搞一刀切no imposing uniformity on …105. 合乎国情，顺乎民意to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people106. 乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge107. 铁交椅iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post 108. 脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty109. 治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline110. 锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)111. 花卷 steamed twisted rolls112. 套餐 set meal113. 盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away114. 米粉 rice noodles115. 冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.) 116. 火锅 chafing dish117. 八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding118. 粉丝 glass noodles119. 豆腐脑 jellied bean curd120. 基层监督 grass-roots supervision121. 婚介所 matrimonial agency122. 机器阅卷 machine scoring123. 基础税率 base tariff level124. 婚外恋 extramarital love125. 黑心棉 shoddy cotton126. 婚纱摄影 bride photo127. 家政服务 household management service128. 即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery129. 价格听证会 public price hearings130. 集中精力把经济建设搞上去go all out for economic development131. 加强舆论监督ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion132. 假帐 accounting fraud133. 叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel134. 渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence135.借调 temporarily transfer136. 扩大中等收入者比重Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.137. 扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption 138. 焦点访谈 Topics in Focus139. 新闻调查 News Probe140. 新闻30分 News in 30 Minutes141. 市场热线 Market Hotline142. 世界经济报道 World Economic Report143. 股市分析 Stock Market Analysis144. 足球之夜 Soccer Night145. 东方时尚 Oriental Fashion146. 春节联欢晚会 Spring Festival Gala Evening147. 半边天 Half the Sky148. 综艺大观 Super Variety Show149. 戏迷园地 Garden for Opera Fans150. 大风车 Big Pinwheel151. 七巧板 Tangram152. 中华民族 Chinese Ethnic Peoples153. 周日话题 Sunday Topics154. 科技博览 Science and Technology Review 155. 人与自然 Man and Nature156. 正大综艺 Zhengda Variety Show157. 书坛画苑 Gallery of Calligraphy Painting 158. 天涯共此时 Time Together across the Strait 159. 华夏风情 China Kaleidoscope160. 中国各地 Around China161. 诗 The Book of Songs162. 书 Collection of Ancient Texts163. 礼 The Rites164. 易 The Book of Changes165. 春秋 The Spring & Autumn Annals166. 四库全书 The Four Branches of Literature 167. 经部 Confucian Classics168. 史部 Historical Classics169. 子部 Philosophical & Scientific Classics 170. 集部 Literary Classics (Belles Lettres) 171. 卦 hexagrams172. 六爻 hexagram173. 卦辞 text supplementary to hexagram 174. 越剧 Yue Opera- Zhejiang & Shanghai 175. 黄梅戏 Huangmei Opera- Anhui176. 豫剧 Yu Opera- Henan177. 平剧 Ping Opera- north (Hebei)178. 昆腔 Kun Tune179. 高腔 High Tune (Yi 弋 and Jing Tune) 180. 弦索腔 Xuansuo Tune181. 梆子腔 Bangzi Tune182. 皮簧腔 Pihuang Tune如有帮助，欢迎支持。
中国特色词汇及其英译
宣纸rice paper衙门yamen叩头kowtow孔子Confucius牌楼pailou；pai-loo武术wushu（Chinese Martial Arts）功夫kungfu ；kung fu中庸the way of medium （cf. Golden Means）中和harmony (zhonghe)孝顺to show filial obedience孝子dutiful son家长family head三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son, husband guides wife五常：仁、义、理、智、信five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity八股文eight-legged essays多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one's old ageThe 24 Solar Terms:立春Spring begins.雨水The rains.惊蛰Insects awaken.春分Vernal Equinox清明Clear and bright.谷雨Grain rain.立夏Summer begins.小满Grain buds.芒种Grain in ear.夏至Summer solstice.小暑Slight heat.大暑Great heat.立秋Autumn begins.处暑Stopping the heat.白露White dews.秋分Autumn Equinox.寒露Cold dews.霜降Hoar-frost falls.立冬Winter begins.小雪Light snow.大雪Heavy snow.冬至Winter Solstice.小寒Slight cold.大寒Great cold戏剧表演Theatrical Performances京剧人物脸谱types of facial makeup in Beijing opera 生male characters末middle-aged male characters净“painted face” characters旦female characters丑clown京剧票友amateur performer of Peking Opera木偶戏puppet show独角戏monodrama; one-man play皮影戏shadow play; leather-silhouette show折子戏opera highlights戏剧小品skit哑剧dumb show; mime; mummery; pantomime单口相声monologue comic talk双口相声witty dialogue口技vocal imitations; ventriloquisim说书monologue story-telling杂技acrobatic performance叠罗汉making a human pyramid特技stunt踩高跷stilt walk马戏circus performances神化人物Mythological Figures八仙the Eight Immortals嫦娥Chang’e (the Chinese moon godd ess)伏羲Fu Xi (God of Fishery and Husbandry)福禄寿三星the three gods of fortune, prosperity and longevity共工God of Water后羿Houyi (a legendary hero who shot down nine suns)黄帝Yellow Emperor夸父Kuafu (a fabled sun-chasing giant)女娲Goddess of Sky-patching盘古Pan Gu (creator of the universe)神农Patron of Agriculture禹Yu (the reputed founder of the Xia Dynasty)祝融God of Fire古代建筑Ancient Architecture塔pagoda琉璃塔glazed stupa舍利塔dagoba; sarira stupa (a pagoda for Buddhist relics)舍利子sarira remains from cremation of Buddha’s or saints’ body 喇嘛塔Lamaist pagoda楼storied buildings钟楼bell tower鼓楼drum tower阁pavilion烽火台beacon tower华表ornamental column牌坊memorial archway艺术及工艺Arts and Crafts版画engraving贝雕画shell carving picture彩塑painted sculpture瓷器porcelain; china刺绣embroidery雕刻carving宫灯palace lantern国画Chinese painting剪纸paper-cut景德镇瓷Jingdezhen porcelain景泰蓝cloisonné enamel蜡染batik麦秸画straw patchwork木/石/竹刻wood/stone/bamboo carving木刻画wood engraving泥人儿clay figure皮影shadow puppet漆画lacquer painting漆器lacquerware双面绣two-sided embroidery水墨画Chinese brush drawing; ink and wash painting檀香扇sandalwood fan唐三彩Tang tri-coloured pottery陶器pottery; earthenware图章seal拓碑making rubbings from inscriptions, pictures, etc. on stone tablets 拓片rubbing微雕miniature engraving象牙雕刻ivory carving宜兴陶Yixing pottery篆刻sealcutting中国特色词汇及其英译作者：未知文章来源：转载点击数：1300 时间：2010-12-29 18:33:50一、前言英语从它传入中国的第一天开始就发挥着强大的交流作用，同时也开始了在中国发展的过程。
中国式词汇的英文翻译方法11
过劳死die from overwork ( Its employees are always under severe stress and some even died from overwork. 。
该公司员工长期压力过大，曾出现员工过劳死事件。
)男性车厢Men-only metro train cars(Seibu Holdings, which runs trains in the Tokyo area, is considering to introduce some carriages reserved for men only. 东京轨交运营商西武集团日前考虑在列车中开设"男性专用车厢"。
)野鸡大学bogus colleges(UK Immigration Minister Phil Woolas speculated there could have been more than 2000 fake colleges in the UK, allowing tens of thousands of bogus students who in reality are economic migrants using the student visa route to enter the country every year. 英国边境及移民事务大臣菲尔•伍勒斯日前透露，英国估计有2000多所"野鸡大学"，每年帮助数万名非法移民持留学护照进入英国。
) 冒名顶替identity theft防卫过当excessive defense自卫/正当防卫self-defense故意伤害罪crime of intentional injury工龄length of service答辩(oral) defense选举舞弊/ 贿选electoral fraud电视真人秀television reality shows (Television reality shows are losing their audience appeal in China, according to a market research.一项市场调查表明，在中国，电视真人秀逐渐失去了对观众的吸引力。
2013中国网络词汇英文翻译
1.土豪 Nouveau riche英文释义：The tuhao originally meant a rich and powerful person or family in a certain town or area, with a negative connotation in Chinese. Nowadays, it has become a general term used by people to describe those who live beyond their means.2. 大妈Big mama英文释义：The term “dama” is literally akin to “big mama” in Chinese, referring to those “bargain hunting” middle-aged Chinese women who keep a tight grip on the family purse and an eagle eye on the gold prices in jewelry shops.3. 我和我的小伙伴都惊呆了My little friends and I are shocked英文释义：The Chinese term is short for a sentence literally meaning “My little friends and I are shocked.” Its actual roots lie in an article written by a pupil. The school student said his little friends and he were shocked after finding out where the Chinese rice dumpling (pinyin: zongzi) originated from. Since then, the sentence is extensively used to describe people’s shock after discovering a new or hot fact.4. 女汉子Female man英文释义：The term refers to a boyish girl or a woman with masculine (physical) characteristics. In August 2013, one Russian beauty’s photos gained great popularity online. The woman has a very pretty face and an extremely muscular physique. Since then, the term has become broadly used to describe women with masculine features.5. 高端大气上档次High-end英文释义：The term was originally used to describe a person or a thing of good taste and high level. Nowadays, it mostly has a mocking or ironic demeanor to it.6. 广场舞Open-air fitness dancing英文释义：Open-air fitness dancing, also known as Chinese fitness, is a form of spontaneous communal dancing which occurs in public parks or squares to keep fit. The dancing is easy to learn and has become an essential part of a trendy lifestyle. Statistics show that more than 100 million people all over China enjoy this form of fitness, the majority of whom are women aged between 45 and 65.7. 不明觉厉Though don’t quite get it; they think it’s terrific英文释义：The Chinese term is short for a sentence which means “I don’t quite get it, but I think you are really terrific.” It literally refers to a newbie’s adoration for a master-hand and now extends to the meaning of having no idea of what the other one just said, though it sounds specific and profound.8. 十动然拒Being deeply moved, but still reject a person英文释义：A senior college boy spent 212 days finishing a 160,000-word-long love letter and then got up the courage to express his feelings to the object of his affection on Nov. 11, 2012. Nevertheless, the girl turned him down. The sad story became rather comical when netizens caught wind of it and gave it an ending which read, “She was deeply moved, but still rejected him.” To simplify the sentence, netizens used a four-word phrase “shidong ranju.” After that, the term acquired great online popularity in 2013.9. 累觉不爱Too tired to love英文释义：This Chinese four-word term is short for an expression meaning “being too tired to love.” The year 2013 saw many period dramas appear on Chinese TV screens and some of them were very long and very complicated. Audiences loved them at the beginning, but then became too confused and tired to keep up with, let alone follow, the plot. This term described viewers’ feelings towards those TV shows. The term also refers to one’s fading love for another.10. 人艰不拆Life is so hard. Don’t hurt me with the truth.英文释义：The term stands for the phrase “Life is so hard. Don’t hurt me with the truth.” This sentence originally comes from Taiwan singer Y oga Lin Youjia’s song “Lie.” Now it is used to describe one’s inability to face a hard truth.。
中国历史文化常用词汇英译(英语四六级翻译必背)
中国历史文化常用词汇英译Confucianism 儒教/儒家思想Taoism 道教Buddhism佛教temple寺庙Confucius孔子Mencius孟子Lao Tzu 老子ethics伦理学morality 道德benevolence 仁spiritual 精神的harmony 和谐The Analects of Confucius《论语》The Art of War《孙子兵法》Historical Records《史记》Historical Records《史记》zodiac十二生肖feudal封建的dynasty 朝代emperor；monarch皇帝，君主rein 统治royal 皇家的Tang Princess Wencheng 文成公主Empress Dowager Ci Xi慈禧太后prime minister丞相，宰相ethnic minority少数民族offer sacrifices 祭祀the Western Regions西域cradle of civilization文明的摇篮the Reform Movement of 1898 戌戌变法the Opium War 鸦片战争the War of Resistance Against Japan抗日战争Lunar calendar阴历Fengshui；geomantic omen风水calligraphy书法copybook 字帖Chinese character 汉字pictographic characters象形文字Mandarin （中国）普通话dialect 方言Chinese traditional painting 国画ink-wash painting 水墨画landscape painting 山水画mount裱scroll卷轴figure人物pavilion 阁，亭writing brush 毛笔ink 墨Xuan paper宣纸ink stone 砚台 A Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival清明上河图mural painting 壁画clay figure泥人folk art 民间艺术craftsman 工匠Beijing Opera 京剧facial make-up 脸谱costume 服装acrobatics杂技cross-talk 相声clapper talk快板storytelling评书Xiaopin小品Puppet show木偶剧shadow play 皮影戏zither古筝Tai Chi太极the four great inventions of ancient China 中国古代四大发明the Silk Road丝绸之路compass 指南针papermaking 造纸术gunpowder火药printing 印刷术movable type printing活字印刷fleet 舰队voyage航海traditional Chinese medicine 中药acupuncture 针灸medical massage推拿herbal medicine草药abacus 算盘bronze ware 青铜器porcelain 瓷器seismograph 地动仪Go 围棋martial arts (Wushu)武术fireworks 烟花firecracker鞭炮statutory holiday 法定假日Spring Festival 春节The Spring Festival Gala on CCTV春节联欢晚会gift of money wrapped in red paper 红包New Year gift－money压岁钱family reunion 团圆Lantern Festival元宵节Dragon Boat Festival 端午节sticky rice dumplings粽子Mid-autumn Festival 中秋节moon cake 月饼the Double Seventh Festival 七夕Spring Festival couplets 对联temple fair庙会festival lantern花灯lantern riddle灯谜God of Wealth 财神dumpling 饺子dragon boat race 龙舟赛dragon and lion dance 狮子龙灯舞stilt walking踩高跷dragon boat race赛龙舟kite flying 放风筝Yangge dance 秧歌舞Chinese cuisine中国菜color色aroma香taste , flavor 味chopsticks 筷子Sichuan cuisine川菜soybean milk 豆浆deep－fried dough sticks油条steamed buns 馒头steamed twisted rolls花卷steamed stuffed buns包子Beijing roast duck北京烤鸭hand－stretched noodles拉面hot pot火锅tofu 豆腐instant noodles 方便面wood-cut block print 木刻版画papercutting, paper-cuts 剪纸Chinese Spring Festival Paintings年画cloisonne 景泰蓝embroidery刺绣Suzhou embroidery苏绣batik 蜡染pattern 图案decorate v. 装饰decoration n. 装饰Chinese tunic suit 中山装cheongsam (qipao ) 旗袍Tang-style costume 唐装feature 特色unique to China 中国特有的characteristic 特点the Imperial Palace故宫the Forbidden City 紫禁城Beijing quadrangles北京四合院hutong胡同the Temple of Heaven 天坛The Summer Palace颐和园the Great Wall 长城drum tower鼓楼the Terra-cotta Army of the First Emperor of Qin兵马俑the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi 黄帝陵scenery, landscape 风景place of interests名胜tourist attraction/resort 观光胜地sightsee v. 观光，游览Mount Huangshan 黄山the Jiuzhaigou Valley 九寨沟the Mogao Caves 莫高窟giant panda 大熊猫rare 珍稀的bamboo竹子。
(完整word)中国文化相关词汇英文翻译
中国文化相关词汇英文翻译元宵节:Lantern Festival刺绣：embroidery重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival清明节：Tomb sweeping day剪纸:Paper Cutting书法：Calligraphy对联:（Spring Festival）Couplets象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle战国:Warring States风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen铁饭碗：Iron Bowl函授部:The Correspondence Department集体舞：Group Dance黄土高原：Loess Plateau红白喜事:Weedings and Funerals中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day结婚证：Marriage Certificate儒家文化：Confucian Culture附属学校：Affiliated school古装片：Costume Drama武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie元宵:Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling（Soup）一国两制:One Country，Two Systems火锅：Hot Pot四人帮：Gang of Four《诗经》：The Book of Songs素质教育：Essential—qualities-Oriental Education《史记》：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian大跃进:Great Leap Forward(Movement）《西游记》：The Journey to the West除夕:Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival针灸：Acupuncture唐三彩:Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/The Tang Tri—colored pottery中国特色的社会主义:Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics偏旁：radical孟子：Mencius亭/阁：Pavilion/Attic大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises火药：gunpowder农历：Lunar Calendar印/玺：Seal/Stamp物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization 京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera太极拳：Tai Chi独生子女证：The Certificate of One—child天坛:Altar of Heaven in Beijing小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand红双喜：Double Happiness政治辅导员：Political Counselor/School Counselor春卷:Spring Roll(s)莲藕:Lotus Root追星族：Star Struck故宫博物院：The Palace Museum相声：Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue下岗:Lay off/Laid off北京烤鸭:Beijing Roast Duck高等自学考试：Self-taught Examination of Higher Education烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit香港澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao文化大革命：Cultural Revolution长江中下游地区：The Mid—low Reaches of Yangtze River门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match《水浒》：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh中外合资企业：Joint Ventures文房四宝(笔墨纸砚）：The Four Treasure of the Study：Brush,Inkstick，Paper，and Inkstone兵马俑：cotta Warriors/Terracotta Army 旗袍：cheongsam光棍节:Single day相亲谎言：Blind date lie北京精神：Beijing spirit鱼疗：Fish pedicure白名单：White list后窗文化:Rear window culture垃圾时尚：Trashion放养老公：Free—range husband常见中国传统文化专用词汇英文翻译1.中国意念词（Chinesenesses)八卦：trigram阴、阳：Yin，Yang道：Dao（cf。
中国182个特色流行词汇的英文翻译
中国182个流行词汇的英文译法1. 素质教育：Quality Education2. EQ：分两种，一种为教育商数Educational quotient，另一种情感商数Emotional quotient3. 保险业：the insurance industry4. 保证重点指出：ensure funding for priority areas5. 补发拖欠的养老金：clear up pension payments in arrears6. 不良贷款：non-performing loan7. 层层转包和违法分包：mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting8. 城乡信用社：credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas9. 城镇居民最低生活保障：a minimum standard of living for city residents10. 城镇职工医疗保障制度：the system of medical insurance for urban workers11. 出口信贷：export credit12. 贷款质量：loan quality13. 贷款质量五级分类办法：the five-category assets classification for bank loans14. 防范和化解金融风险：take precautions against and reduce financial risks15. 防洪工程：flood-prevention project16. 非法外汇交易：illegal foreign exchange transaction17. 非贸易收汇：foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels18. 非银行金融机构：non-bank financial institutions19. 费改税：transformadministrative fees into taxes20. 跟踪审计：foolow-up auditing21. 工程监理制度：the monitoring system for projects22. 国有资产安全：the safety of state-owned assets23. 过度开垦：excess reclamation24. 合同管理制度：the contract system for governing projects25. 积极的财政政策：pro-active fiscal policy26. 基本生活费：basic allowance27. 解除劳动关系：sever labor relation28. 金融监管责任制：the responsibility system for financial supervision29. 经济安全：economic security30. 靠扩大财政赤字搞建设：to increase the deficit to spend more on development31. 扩大国内需求：the expansion of domestic demand32. 拉动经济增长：fuel economic growth33. 粮食仓库：grain depot34. 粮食收购企业：grain collection and storage enterprise35. 粮食收购资金实行封闭运行：closed operation of grain purchase funds36. 粮食销售市场：grain sales market37. 劣质工程：shoddy engineering38. 乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款：arbitrary charges, fund-raising, quotas and fines39. 骗汇、逃汇、套汇：obtain foreign currency under false pretenses, not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage40. 融资渠道：financing channels41. 商业信贷原则：the principles for commercial credit42. 社会保险机构：social security institution43. 失业保险金：unemployment insurance benefits44. 偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税：tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes45. 外汇收支：foreign exchange revenue and spending46. 安居工程：housing project for low-income urban residents47. 信息化：information-based; informationization48. 智力密集型：concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive49. 外资企业：overseas-funded enterprises50. 下岗职工：laid-off workers51. 分流：reposition of redundant personnel52. 素质教育：education for all-round development53. 豆腐渣工程：jerry-built projects54. 社会治安情况：law-and-order situation55. 民族国家：nation state56. “*”："independence of Taiwan"57. 台湾当局：Taiwan authorities58. 台湾同胞：Taiwan compatriots59. 台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分：Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory.60. 西部大开发：Development of the West Regions61. 可持续性发展：sustainable development62. 风险投资：risk investment63. 通货紧缩：deflation64. 扩大内需：to expand domestic demand65. 计算机辅助教学：computer-assisted instruction ( CAI )66. 网络空间：cyberspace67. 虚拟现实：virtual reality68. 网民：netizen ( net citizen )69. 电脑犯罪：computer crime70. 电子商务：the e-business71. 网上购物：shopping online72. 应试教育：exam-oriented education73. 学生减负：to reduce study load74. “厄尔尼诺”：（EL Nino）75. “拉尼娜”：（La Nina）76. “智商”：（IQ）77. “情商”：（EQ）78. “第三产业”：（third/tertiary industry,service sector,third sequence of enterprises）79．“第四产业”：（quaternary/inFORMation industry）79. “军嫂”：（military spouse）80. “峰会”（香港译“极峰会议”）”：summit(conference)81. “克隆”：clone82. “冰毒”：ice83. “摇头丸”：dancing outreach84. “传销”：multi level marketing85. “（计算机）2000年问题”：Y2K problem(y for year, k for kilo or thousand)86. “白皮书”：white paper(不是white cover book)87. “傻瓜相机”：Instamatic(商标名，焦距、镜头均固定，被称为foolproof相机)；88. “白条”：IOU note（IOU：债款、债务，由I owe you 的读音缩略转义而来）89. “巡回招聘”：milk round（一种招聘毕业生的方式，大公司走访各大学及学院，向求职者介绍本公司情况并与报名者晤谈）。
中国特色英语词汇英文翻译
A.AA制Dutch treatment; go Dutch艾滋病(获得性免疫缺损综合征) AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)爱丽舍宫Elysée Palace安居工程Housing Project for `low-income` families按成本要素计算的国民经济总值GNP at factor cost按揭贷款mortgage loan按劳分配distribution according to one's performance暗恋unrequited love; fall in love with someone secretly暗亏hidden loss澳门大三巴牌坊Ruins of St. Paul奥姆真理教Japanese Aum Doomsday CultB. 巴黎证券交易所Paris Bourse把握大局grasp the overall situation白马王子Prince Charming白色行情表white sheet白色农业white agriculture (also called "white engineering agriculture"; It refers to microbiological agriculture and biological cell agriculture.)白手起家starting from scratch白条IOU note, IOU:债款、债务，由I owe you 的读音缩略转义而来白雪公主Snow White摆架子put on airs摆谱儿put on airs; show off; keep up appearances拜把兄弟sworn brothers拜年pay New Year call搬迁户relocated families半拉子工程uncompleted project棒球运动记者scribe傍大款(of a girl) find a sugar daddy; be a mistress for a rich man; lean on a moneybags包干到户work contracted to households包干制overall rationing system; scheme of payment partly in kind and partly in cash包工包料contract for labor and materials保持国民经济发展的良好势头maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy保持国有股keep the `State-held` shares保健食品`health-care` food保理业务factoring business保护性关税protective tariffs保税区the `low-tax`, `tariff-free` zone; bonded area保证重点支出ensure funding for priority areas保值储蓄`inflation-proof` bank savings报国计划的实施implementation of Dedicator's Project北欧投资银行Nordic Investment Bank本本主义bookishness《本草纲目》Compendium of Materia Medica本垒打circuit clout, `four-master`, round trip本命年one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches奔小康strive for a relatively comfortable life笨鸟先飞A slow sparrow should make an early start.蹦极bungee, bungee jumping避免“大而全”的重复建设avoid duplicate (duplicated, overlapping) construction of "small and all inclusive projects"逼上梁山be driven to drastic alternatives比较经济学comparative economics比上不足，比下有余worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst 闭门羹given `cold-shoulder`边际报酬marginal return边缘科学boundary science变相涨价disguised inflation便携式电脑portable computer; laptop; notebook computer 标书bidding documents表演赛demonstration match剥夺冠军strip the gold medal of somebody博彩（业）lottery industry博士生Ph.D candidate补缺选举`by-election`补贴与反补贴措施subsidies and countervailing measures布达拉宫Potala Palace布雷顿森林体系Bretton Woods system不败记录clean record, spotless record不承诺放弃使用武器not undertake to renounce the use of force不打不成交No discord, no concord.不到长城非好汉He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.不分上下的总统选举结果the `neck-and`-neck presidential election result《不见不散》Be there or be square.不可再生资源`non-renewable` resources不良贷款`non-performing` loan不夜城sleepless city, `ever-bright` city不正之风bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency不准打白条No illegitimate promissory notes (IOUs)步行天桥foot bridgeC. 擦边球edge ball, touch ball擦网球net ball采取高姿态show magnanimity采取市场多元化战略adopt the strategy of a `multi-outlet` market“菜篮子”工程the "shopping basket' project (program)参政、议政participate in the management of State affairs 沧海桑田Seas change into mulberry fields and mulberry fields change into seas--time brings great changes to the world.What was once the sea has now changed into mulberry fields--the world is changing all the time.仓储式超市`stockroom-style` supermarket草根工业grass root industry (refers to village and township enterprises which take root among farmers and grow like wold grass)层层转包和违法分保`multi-level` contracting and illegal `sub-contracting`差额投票differential voting差额选举competitive election茶道sado查房make/go the rounds of the wards拆东墙补西墙rob Peter to pay Paul拆迁户households or units relocated due to building demolition搀水股票`water-down` stocks (ordinary stocks that can be bought by persons inside a stock company or a business at a cost lower that their face value)禅dhyana产粮大省granary province产量比1997年增加了2倍the output has increased 3 times (registered a `3-fold` increase; increased 200%)compared with 1997产品结构product mix产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、科学管理clearly established ownership, well defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from administration, and scientific management产权制度、产权关系property relations; property order产销直接挂钩directly link production with marketing产业的升级换代upgrading of industies产业结构升级upgrading of an industrial structure长二捆`LM-2E`长江三角洲Yangtze River delta长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共`long-term` coexistence, mutual supervision, sincere treatment with each other and the sharing of weal or woe长线产品product in excessive supply厂长经理负责制the factory director (manager) responsibility system畅通工程"Smooth Traffic Project"畅销产品marketable products; products with good market ;commodities in short supply ; goods in great demand.唱高调mouth `high-sounding` words超高速巨型计算机giant `ultra-high`-speed computer超前消费overconsuming, excessive consumption彻头彻尾的反动政治势力an out and out reactionary political force城市规划city's landscaping plan; urban planning城市中年雅皮士muppie （一批中年专业人士，附庸风雅，矫揉造作cutesification，崇尚竟品至上boutiqueification，攀比银行存款bankification等摆阔作风，由`middle-aged` urban yuppie 缩合而成）城乡信用社credit corroborative in both urban and rural areas吃大锅饭egalitarian practice of "everybody eating from the same big pot"吃皇粮receive salaries, subsidies, or other supported from the government重复建设building redundant project; duplication of similar projects抽杀成功hit through筹备委员会preparatory committee出风头show off;in the limelight出口创汇能力capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports出口加工区export processing zones出口退税制度the system of refunding taxes on exported goods; export (tax) rebate出口退税refunding export taxes出口转内销domestic sales of commodities orginallyproduced for exports出家pravrajana; cloister传销multi level marketing窗口行业various service trades创建卫生城市：build a nationally advanced clean city创汇产品foreign exchange (`hard-currency`) earning experts创业园`high-tech` business incubator; pioneer park吹风会(advanced) briefing春蕾计划Spring Buds Program春运(passenger) transport during the Spring Festival《春秋》Spring and Autumn Annals磁悬浮列车Maglev train (magnetically levitated train), magnetic suspension train刺激内需stimulate domestic demand辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new此地无银三百两 A guilty person gives himself away by consciously protesting his innocence.从粗放经济转变为集约经济shift from extensive economy to intensive economy粗放式管理extensive management促进全球经济一体化foster integration with the global economy促进富余人员合理流动promote a rational flow of surplus personnel促进住房商品化promote the commercialization of housing 存款保证金guaranty money for depositsD.达到或接近国际先进水平reach or approach advanced international standards打破地区封锁和行业垄断break regional blockades and trade monopolies"达标"活动"target hitting" activities打白条issue IOU打黑crack down on speculation and profiteering打假crack down on counterfeit goods打破僵局break the deadlock打顺手find one's touch, get into gear, settle into a groove 大包干`all-round` responsibility system; `lump-sum` appropriations operation大轰动blockbuster大力扣杀hammer大路货staple goods大满贯grand slam大开眼界open one's eyes; broaden one's horizon; be an `eye-opener`大款tycoon大排挡sidewalk snack booth; large stall大事化小，小事化了try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all大胜white wash大腕top notch大卫教Branch Davidian大型电视系列片,长篇电视连续剧`maxi-series`大学生创业university students' innovative undertaking大要案major and serious criminal cases大专生junior college student大专文凭associate degree大藏经Tripitaka呆帐与坏帐stagnant debts and bad debts ;non performing funds带薪分流assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing them to retain their original rank and benefits待岗await job assignment, `post-waiting`待业`job-waiting`代职function in an acting capacity单循环制single `round-robin` system当日指数已1120点收盘the index closed finished ended at 120 on that day党群关系`Party-masses` relationship党政机关Party and government organizations道琼斯工业平均指数飙升至9580点the Dow Jones industrial index average soared to 9580 points捣浆糊give the runaround盗版VCD pirated VCD盗打（电话) free call on somebody else's expense through illegal means盗用公款embezzlement单刀赴会start a solo run倒票speculative reselling of tickets倒爷profiteer倒计时countdown等外品`off-grade` goods, rejects邓小平外交思想Deng Xiaoping's diplomatic thoughts低调low keyed (a metaphor for taking a cautious and slowapproach)第三产业third/tertiary industry, service sector, third sequence of enterprises第四产业quaternary/information industry第一/第二/第三产业the primary/secondary/tertiary industry (the service sector)第三代移动电话(3G手机) third generation mobile; 3G mobile 第一发球权first inning第一发球员first server第一双打first pair地方保护主义regional protectionism地方财政包干制system whereby local authorities take full responsibility for their finances地球村global village地区差异regional disparity地热资源geothermal resources地市级城市`prefecture-level` city点子公司consultancy company电话号码升位upgrade telephone number电话会议teleconference电视直销TV home shopping电子商务认证`e-business` certification吊球drop shot吊销执照revoke license钉子户person or household who refuses to move and bargains for unreasonably high compensation when the land is requisitioned for a construction project定向培训training for specific posts“豆腐渣”工程a `jerry-built` project毒枭drug trafficker毒品走私drug trafficking(`state-owned`, state) enterprises独立核算工业企业independent accounting unit(enterprise) "渡假外交" `holiday-making` diplomacy短期债务floating debt断交信Dear John letter (from woman to man)对大中型国营企业进行公司制改革to corporatize large and `medium-sized` `State-owned`对...毫无顾忌make no bones about ...对冲基金hedge fund对外招商attract foreign investment队长袖标(足球）skipper's armband多党合作制`multi-party` `co-operation` in exercising State power多任务小卫星small `multi-mission` satellite (SMMS)夺冠take the crownE.厄尔尼诺El Nino恶性肿瘤malignant tumor恶性循环vicious circle遏制通货膨胀curb (check, curtail) the inflationF.法轮功Falun Gong Cult发行股票、债券issue shares and bonds发扬优良传统carry forward the fine traditions发优惠券以促销issue discount shopping coupons to promote sales发展文学艺术、新闻出版、广播影视develop literature, the arts, the press, publications, radio, film and television; promote literature and art, the press and publishing, radio, film and television发展新兴产业和高技术产业develop rising and `high-tech`industries发展畜牧业、养殖业、林业develop animal husbandry (livestock farming), aquaculture and forestry反对铺张浪费oppose/combat extravagance and waste反倾销`anti-dumping`防暴警察riot police防止经济过热prevent an overheated economy (overheating of the economy)防止国有资产流失prevent the loss (devaluation) of State assets防止泡沫经济avoid a bubble economy too many bubbles in economy)分流下岗人员争取再就业redirect `laid-off` workers for reemployment扶贫、脱贫poverty reduction and elimination妇幼保健maternity and child careG.改革开放和现代化建设的总设计师the chief architect of China's reform, opening and modernization drive改进产业结构和产品结构improve the industrial pattern andproduct mix该公司股票已经上市the stock of the company have been listed (have gone public, have been launched)赶上或超过国际先进水平catch up with or even surpass advanced world levels高举邓小平理论的伟大旗帜hold high the greater banner of Deng xiaoping Theory各族人民people of all nationalities (all ethnic groups)个体户`self-employed` households /people个人所得税individual income tax个体工商业者individual industrialists and businessman公务员public servants; civil servants; government functionaries; government employees股份合作制the joint stock cooperative system股份制the joint stock system股票热降温了the stock craze has abated股市指数the stock market (exchange) index股市指数突破1300点大关the stock index broke the `1300-poit` mark股指暴跌，跌幅7.8%，以14.3元探底the index slumped 7.8 percent to 14.3 Yuan鼓励兼并，规范破产encourage mergers and standardizebankruptcy procedures规模经济，减轻就业压力to ease the pressure of employment (the employment pressure)国防科技`defence-related` science and technology国际大都市cosmopolis国家指定考试`government-mandated` test国家主席/总理/副总理/国务委员/部长/省长/厅、局长/县长/处长/科长/乡长/村民委员会主任president/premier/vice premier/state councilor/minister/governor/bureau director/county magistrate, county head/department head/ section chief/ head of the township/ chairman of the village committee国家公务员制度the system of public services国内生产总值/国民生产总值GDP (Gross Domestic Product)/ GNP (Gross National Product)国事访问a state visit恒生指数（香港）宽幅震荡the Heng Sheng index fluctuated violently获薄利earn (make) narrow profits获厚利earn (make, reap) substantial profitsH.海市蜃楼，镜花水月, 无稽之谈a mare’s nes t海湾战争综合症the complexities of the Gulf War函授大学correspondence university旱地滑雪场mock skiing park汉字处理软件Chinese character processing software航母aircraft carrier豪赌unrestrained gambling好事不出门，恶事传千里Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide.好出风头的运动员exhibitionist, grandstander好莱坞大片Hollywood blockbuster"好球" "Strike"和服Kimono合理引导消费guide rational consumption合议庭collegiate bench核销cancel after verification黑店gangster inn黑客hacker黑社会`Mafia-style` organizations; gangland宏观调控`macro-control`红包（中）red paper containing money as a gift, (贬) bribe,kickback《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions (The Story of the Stone) 红帽子企业red cap enterprise (refers to the reputation a private enterprise enjoys by becoming attached to a government department and doing business in the name of a `state-run` or `collective-run` enterprise)红细胞生成素Erythropoietin (EPO)环太平洋地区Pacific Rim后防空虚leave the defense exposed后台管理`back-stage` management呼啦圈hu la hoop胡子工程`long-drawn`-out project (a project which takes so long that young workers become bearded)虎父无犬子A wise goose never lays a tame egg.互动广告interactive advertisement户口簿residence booklet户口管理制度domicile system, residence registration system户主head of a household护身法宝amulet华表ornamental column/cloud pillar/stele华盖canopy滑板车scooter"坏球" "Ball"还俗resume secular life, unfrock"黄、赌、毒" pornography, gambling and drug abuse and trafficking黄金时段prime time(吃)"皇粮" public grainfunds, goods, etc provided by the government; salary paid by the state挥棒swing挥棒不中fan灰色收入income from moonlighting汇丰银行Hong Kong and Shang Hai Banking Corporation婚介所matrimonial agency婚外恋extramarital love活到老，学到老One is never too old to learn.火炬计划Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)货币化monetization货币回笼withdrawal of currency from circulation货到付款cash on deliveryJ.基础设施工程第一期the first phase of the infrastructure project积压产品overstocked commodities (inventories)缉毒队narcotics squad计划生育family planning (birth control)积极培育新的经济增长点actively cultivate new points of economic growth技术/劳动/资本/知识密集型产业`technology-intensive`/`labor-intensive`/`capital-intensiv e`/`knowledge-intensive` industries技术更新/改造technological updating /renovation计算机2000年问题Y2Kproblem(y for year, k for kilo or thousand)加强税收政策tighten tax collection加强物质文明和精神文明的建设foster both material progress and cultural and ethical (cultural and ideological) progress 加强优生、优育improve prenatal and postnatal care加速科技成果商品化、产业化进程accelerate the commercialization and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements艰苦创业的精神the hardworking and enterprising spirit减轻农民负担lighten the burden on the peasants (farmers) 建设性战略伙伴关系a constructive strategic partnership减员增效increase efficiency by downsizing staff解决他们的温饱问题provide them with adequate food and clothing解困基金`anti-poverty` funds今年第一季度产量比去年同期增长了12.5% the production increased 12.5% between January and March compared the corresponding period (the same time ) last year金融机构financial institutions精兵之路fewer but better troops经济发展全球化的趋势the globalization trend in economic development经济法制化to manage economic affairs according to law; to put economic operation on a legal basis经济技术开发区an economic and technological development zone经济市场化/私有化the mercerization/privatization of the economy经济特区a special economic zone经济体制改革economic restructuring经济萎缩/起飞/兴旺an economic depression (slump,recession)/an economic takeoff/an economic boom经济转轨switch to a market economy精简各级政府机构streamline government departments at all levels精品competitive products竞争意识competitive spirit九届二次全国人民代表大会the second session of the 9th National People's Congress就业前和在职培训`pre-employment` and `on-the`-job (`in-service`) training纠正行业不正之风rectify malpractice in various trades军嫂military spouseK.科技是第一生产力Science and technology constitute the primary productive force.科教兴国战略the strategy of revitalizing (invigorating) China through science and education克隆clone扣除通货膨胀因素后的人均实际年收入the annual `per-captia` income in real terms (allowing for inflation )跨国公司transnational corporation (transactional, multinational corporation ,multinational)扩大/缩小地区发展差距widen/narrow the gap/disparity between regions/localities in terms of developmentL.劳务输出export of labor services劳务招聘会a labor fair; a job fair联防community/team policing连续五年丰收bumper harvests for five consecutive years (for five years in row ;for five years running ;for five years on end ; for the fifth consecutive year)练摊to be a vendor (do business)乱收费、乱集资、乱摊派的现象依然很严重Arbitrary collection of charges, abuse of `fund-raising` and unchecked apportionment (arbitrary quotas) are still rampant.M.盲流和倒流人员jobless migrants from rural areas to cities,influx from the countryside美圆对日圆全面升值the system of pegging the currency to the US dollar名牌产品`famous-brand` products ,brand named product 民族问题the ethnic minority issue母公司/子公司/分公司/办事处the parent company /subsidiary/branch/branch/representative officeN.耐用消费品consumer durables内耗`in-fighting`农副业产品agricultural (farm) and sideline products农村/城市信用合作社rural/urban credit cooperatives牛市/熊市a bull/bear marketO.欧元EuroP.派出所local police station跑龙套utility man, play a bit role, general handyman泡沫经济bubble economy配股allotment of shares配套政策supporting policies培养跨世纪人才bring up (foster) `cross-century` (`trans-century`) specialists棚户shacks; family that live in shacks碰钉子get snubbed碰头会brief meeting ( A brief, `small-scale`, informal meeting with no fixed agenda, the main purpose of which is to exchange information.)疲软股票soft stock皮包公司bogus company啤酒肚beer belly票贩子scalper, ticket tout票房box office骗汇、逃汇、套汇obtain foreign currency and false pretenses, not turn over foreign currency owed to the government and illegal arbitrage拼图jigsaw贫富悬殊polarization of rich and poor贫铀弹depleted uranium bomb平均主义equalitarianism平面设计师graphic designer评头论足`nit-pick`瓶颈制约“bottleneck”restrictions扑网(体）`rush-up`, rushing普选制general election systemQ.妻管严丈夫`hen-pecked` husband取消“大锅饭” give up the practice of "eating from the same big pot"; abolish egalitarianism取消福利分房abolish the `welfare-oriented` distribution (allocation) of public housing全球变暖global warming全面投产开工go into (enter ) full operation; be full operation; be fully operational拳头产品knockout product or competitive product缺少流动资金a shortage of circulating funds (floating capital)裙带经济crony economyR.人才competent people; trained personnel; experts; specialists人才市场the personnel market人均国民生产总值达到中等发达国家水平The average `per-capita` GNP will reach the standard of moderately developed countries.人民币对美圆汇率稳定the stability of RMB exchange rate against USD人民币贬值的压力the devaluation pressure on RMB人均住房`per-capita` housing日经指数跌至今年最低点the Nikkei Index fell to a record low for the year.融资financing; `fund-raising`S.三角恋爱love triangle三角债chain debts三陪服务escort service傻瓜相机Instamatic INSTA(NT)+(AUTO)MATIC商品房空置的现象the vacancy problem in commercial housing商品粮基地a commodity grain production base商业银行commercial banks上海证券交易所the Shanghai Securities Exchange社会生活social activities社会治安情况`law-and`-order situation生活物价指数the cost of living index/the price index谁控股？Who holds the controlling shares?实行董事会领导下的总经理负责制practice the system of `director-general` responsibility under the leadership of board of the bored of directors.使经济进一步市场化make the economy more `market-oriented`使大中型企业摆脱困境extricate (free) the large and `medium-sized` `state-owned` enterprises from predicament实体经济the real economy售后服务after sale service死胡同blind alley私人企业private enterprises (`foreign-funded`, foreign financed `foreign-owned`) enterprisesT.提高军队在高科技条件下的作战能力improve the army combat capabilities under `high-tech` conditions提高综合国力improve the overall national strength (the overall strength of the country)投诉lodge a complaint, register a beef投诉热线`dial-a`-cheat confidential hotline投资热点a region attractive to investors, a `much-sought` piece of land,popular investment spot推进国民经济信息化try to informationize the national economy推进政府机构改革restructure government institutions脱贫致富cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperityW.外交豁免权diplomatic immunity外商独资企业wholly (solely ) `foreign-owned` enterprises 外向型经济/城市an `export-oriented` economy/a `foreign-oriented` city, an international city外资overseas investment外资企业foreign invested (foreign founded ,foreign financed ,`foreign-owned`) enterprises .X.下海go into business小康水平the living standards of a fairly comfortable life; a relatively comfortable standard of living消除两极分化，最终达到共同富裕eliminate polarization and ultimately achieve common prosperityY.沿着有中国特色的社会主义道路阔步前进take great strides along the road to socialism with Chinese characteristics摇头丸dancing outreach依法收税levy taxes according the law一次付清pay in full一次消费`one-time`-consumption一次成像照片a Polaroid picture一次偿还信贷`non-installment`一次性杯子sanitary cup一次性筷子disposable chopsticks一次性收入`lump-sum` payment一次用包装`non-returnable` container一次性汇款`lump-sum` payment一次性拖鞋disposable slippers一蹶不振的B股市场a sluggish `B-share` market以经济建设为中心take economic construction as the central task隐形就业unregistered employment; veiled `re-employment`隐形眼镜contact lens有价证券投资portfolio investment拥军优属preferential treatment for families of servicemen and martyrs拥有至少50%的股份hold a minimum of 50% percent of the equity由于资源不足，必须实施可持续发展战略We must adopt the strategy of sustainable development owing to the limited resources.与国际接轨be geared to international standards; be brought in line with international practice (norms)与美圆的联系汇率the system of pegging the currency to the U.S. dollar育龄夫妇couples of `child-bearing` ageZ.增加财政收入increase the state tax revenue (fiscal revenue)增殖税the `value-added` tax (VAT)掌上明珠the apple of one's eye正常贸易关系Normal Trade Relations政策银行policy bank政企分开separate administrative functions from enterprises management ;separate administration from management 振兴支柱产业invigorate pillar industries振兴中华the rejuvenation (revitalization) of the Chinese nation支持强强联合，实现优势互补support association between strong enterprises so that they can take advantage of each other's strengths智囊团、思想库the brain trust (think tank)执行通货紧缩政策pursue a deflationary policy (the policy of deflation)支援灾区（灾民）；救灾provide relief to `disaster-stricken` areas (people)制约check and supervision中共十五大the 15th National Congress of the CPC中外合资100强the top 100 `Sino-foreign` (`Chinese-foreign`) joint ventures重视老龄化问题attach importance to the problem of population aging (the aging population)昼夜服务`round-the`-clock service主体经济principal sector of the economy; the mainstay of the economy滞销货unmarketable (unsalable .poor selling )product抓大放小manage large enterprises well while ease control over small ones总产值创最高历史记录total output value hit a record high (an `all-time` high)综合指数停止下滑，上升28点，达到671点the composite stopped the declining momentum, gaining 28 points to 671 最终实现人民币的自由兑换the free convertibility of the RMB will evenly be instituted ;the RMB will finally become a convertible currency。
中国特色英文翻译
稳定地走上了富裕安康的广阔道路 move steadily toward prosperity and happiness 不断探索和回答什么是社会主义、怎样建设社会主义，建设什么样的党、怎样建设党，实现什么样的发展、怎样发展等重大理论和实际问题 constantly seek answers to major theoretical and practical questions such as what socialism is and how to build it, what kind of party we must build and how to build it, and what kind of development China should achieve and how to achieve it党的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领、基本经验 Party,s basic theory, line, program and experience社会主义和马克思主义在中国大地上焕发出勃勃生机 Socialism and Marxism have shown vigor and vitality in China.大踏步赶上时代前进潮流 catch up with the trend of the times in big strides 符合党心民心 accord with/echo the aspirations of the Party members and the people 尊重人民首创精神 respect the people,s initiative/pioneering drive/creativity 提高全民族文明素质 to improve the educational and ethical standards of the whole nation开辟了中国特色社会主义道路 blaze a trail of socialism with Chinese characteristics open a path of...形成了中国特色社会主义理论体系 theoretical system of Chinese socialism建设富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家 make China a prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally developed and harmonious modern socialist country实践永无止境 Practice knows no bound.勇于变革、勇于创新 make bold changes and innovations不为任何风险所惧，不被任何干扰所惑 fear no risks and never be confused by any interference使中国特色社会主义道路越走越宽广 broaden our path of socialism with Chinese characteristics让当代中国马克思主义放射更加灿烂的真理光芒 Let the truth of Marxism of contemporary China shine more brilliantly.马克思主义关于发展的世界观和方法论的集中体现 a concentrated expression of the Marxist world outlook and methodology with regard to development同……一脉相承 in the same line as...立足社会主义初级阶段基本国情 fully recognize the basic reality that China is in the primary stage of socialism粗放性增长方式 the extensive mode of growth/inefficient model of growth改革攻坚 further reform in difficult areas统筹兼顾各方面利益 accommodate the interests of all parties农业基础薄弱的局面尚未改变 The foundation of agriculture remains weak思想活动的独立性、选择性、多变性、差异性明显增强 become more independent, selective, changeable and diverse in thinking社会结构、社会组织形式、社会利益格局 the structure of society, the way society is organized and interests of different social groups/and the mix of social interests发达国家在经济科技上占优势的压力长期存在 Pressure caused by the economic and scientific dominance of developed countries will continue for a long time to come 从生产力到生产关系、从经济基础到上层建筑都发生了意义深远的重大变化 experience far-reaching changes in the productive forces and the relations of production, as well as in the economic base and the superstructure人民日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产之间的矛盾这一社会主要矛盾 Chinese society,s principal problem/challenge is the gap between the ever-growing material and cultural needs of the people and the low level of social production 当前我国发展的阶段性特征 the salient features of the current stage of development in China妄自菲薄 belittle oneself自甘落后 be resigned to backwardness脱离实际、急于求成 unrealistic pursuit of quick results共同建设、共同享有的原则 the principle of all the people building aharmonious ...and enjoy its benefits着力解决人民最关心、最直接、最现实的利益问题 spare no effort to solve most practical problems of the utmost and immediate concern to the people形成全体人民各尽其能、各得其所而又和谐相处的局面 cultivate/foster an environmentin which all people do their best, are content with their lives/enjoy what they do and live together in harmony提高改革决策的科学性，增强改革措施的协调性 make decision-making more scientific and measures of reform better coordinated全面提高开放水平 improve the work of opening-up把改善人民生活作为正确处理改革发展稳定关系的结合点 We need to improve...as we endeavor to balance...全面把握科学发展观的科学内涵和精神实质 fully appreciate/understand the essence of the Scientific Outlook on Development把全社会的发展积极性引导到科学发展上来 guide the whole society in pursuing development in a scientific way把握经济社会发展趋势和规律 follow the trend and the law of economic and social development坚持中国特色社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设的基本目标和基本政策构成的基本纲领 uphold the basic program consisting of the basic objectives and policies for economic, political, cultural and social progress under socialism with Chinese characteristics区域协调互动发展机制 a mechanism for promoting balanced and interactive development among regions 主体功能区 development priority zones法治政府建设 enhance law-based government administration社会主义核心价值体系深入人心 Core socialist values are winning the hearts and minds of the people.弘扬良好思想道德风尚 promote moral integrity建设生态文明 promote a conservation culture生态文明观念在全社会牢固树立 To foster public awareness of conservation culture具有更高文明素质和精神追求 Raise ethical standards and have higher/lofty aspiration对外更加开放、更加具有亲和力 be more open and friendly to the outside world为全面建成惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会打下更加牢固的基础 Strengthen the foundation for building a well-off society of a higher level in all respects to the benefit of over one billion people建设创新型国家 make China an innovative nation国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要 Outline of the National Program for Long- and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development突破制约经济社会发展的关键技术 make breakthroughs in key technologies vital to China,s economic and social development支持前沿技术研究、社会公益性技术研究 support research in frontier technology and in technology for public welfare建立以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研相结合的技术创新体系establish a market-oriented system for technological innovation, in which enterprises play the leading role and which combines the efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes引导和支持创新要素向企业集聚 guide and support the pooling of factors of innovation into enterprises科技成果产业化 the application of scientific and technological achievements in production培养造就世界一流科学家和科技领军人才 train / bring up world-class scientists and leaders in scientific and technological research使创新智慧竞相迸发、创新人才大量涌现 inspire creativity and bring forth large numbers of innovative personnel推进信息化与工业化融合 promote IT-based industrialization具有国际竞争力的大企业集团 internationally competitive conglomerates加强农业基础地位strengthen the position of agriculture as the foundation of the economy形成城乡经济社会发展一体化新格局 make progress in integrating economic and social development in urban and rural areas促进农业科技进步 promote advances in agriculture-related science and technology 增强农业综合生产能力improve overall agricultural production capacity壮大县域经济expand county economies多渠道转移农民就业create more jobs for rural surplus labor force提高扶贫开发水平make poverty reduction more effective through development改革集体林权制度reform the system of collective forest use rights坚持农村基本经营制度uphold the basic system for the rural economy发展适度规模经营develop appropriately scaled operations农民专业合作组织specialized farmers’cooperatives支持农业产业化经营和龙头企业发展support the industrialization of agriculture and the development of leading agribusinesses把建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会放在工业化、现代化发展战略的突出位置，落实到每个单位、每个家庭give prominence to building a resource-conserving,environment-friendly society in our strategy for industrialization and modernization and make every organization and family to act accordingly开发和推广节约、替代、循环利用的先进适用技术develop and extend advanced and appropriate technologies for conserving, substituting and recycling energy and resources发展环保产业develop environmental conservation industries促进生态修复promote restoration of the ecosystems优化国土开发格局improve land development program实现基本公共服务均等化ensure equal access to basic public services西部大开发large-scale development of western China/China’s western development 促进中部地区崛起boost the development of the central region突破行政区划界限，形成若干带动力强、联系紧密的经济圈和经济带Break administrative divisions to form a number of close-knit economic rims and belts that will boost the development of the surrounding areas帮助资源枯竭地区实现经济转型help transform the economies of areas where natural resources are exhausted增强综合承载能力increase the overall carrying capacity of cities以特大城市为依托，形成辐射作用大的城市群，培育新的经济增长极form city clusters with mega-cities as the core so that they can boost development in surrounding areas and become new poles of economic growth坚持平等保护物权ensure equal protection of property rights深化国有企业公司制股份制改革deepen the reform to introduce the corporate and shareholding systems in SOEs增强国有经济活力、控制力、影响力enhance the dynamism, leverage and influence of the state sector of the economy国有资本经营预算制度budget system for managing state capital发展多种形式的集体经济、合作经济develop collective and cooperative economic operations in diverse forms个体、私营经济self-employed and other private businesses/private economy以现代产权制度为基础，发展混合所有制经济develop the economic sector of mixed ownership based on the modern system of property rights国庆60周年特色词汇英文社会主义新农村 Socialist New Countryside铁饭碗 Iron Rice Bowl西部大开发 Western Development小康社会 A moderately prosperous society新型工业化道路 New Path of Industrialization兴边富民行动 Program to Revitalize Border Areas and Enrich Residents' Lives 循环经济 Circular Economy又好又快发展 Sound and Fast Development抓大放小 Restructuring Major Enterprises and Relaxing Control over Small Ones 三资企业 Foreign-funded enterprises三来一补企业 Enterprises of Three Import and Compensation Trade农村土地承包制 Rural Land Contract System农村税费改革 Rural Tax and Fee Reform南水北调工程 South-to-North Water Diversion Project绿色信贷 Green Credit两限房 House of "Two Limits"廉租房 Low-rent Housing利改税 Tax for Profits经济适用房 Economical Housing金税工程 Golden Tax Project“三步走”战略 Three-Step Development Strategy“三农”问题 Issues of agriculture, farmer and rural area“三沿”地区开放 Opening-up of seashore, river shore and border areas财产性收入 Property Income菜篮子工程 Non-Staple Food Project分税制 Tax Sharing System家庭联产承包责任制 Household Contract Responsibility System假日经济 Holiday Economy。
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中国特有词汇英文翻译
1、中国意念词的翻译 (Chinesenesses)
八卦 trigram
阴、阳 yin, yang
道 Dao (cf. logo)
江湖(世界) the jianghu World (the traits’ world)
e.g. You can’t control everything in a traits’ world. (人在江湖，身不由己)
道 Daoism(Taoism)
上火 excessive internal heat
儒学 Confucianism
红学(《红楼梦》研究) redology
世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia
开放 kaifang (Chinese openness to the outside world)
大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done
伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded 不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on …
合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people
乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge
铁交椅 iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post
脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty
治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline
2 、中华民族的喜庆节日的翻译 (Chinese Festivial)
国庆节 National Day
中秋节 Mid-Autumn Festival
春节 Spring Festival
元宵节 Lantern Festival
儿童节 Children’s Day
端午节 Dragon Boat Festival
妇女节 Women’s Day
泼水节 Water-Splashing Day
教师节 Teachers’ Day
五四青年节 Youth Day
3、中国独特的传统饮食的翻译(Unique Traditional Chinese Foods)
馄饨 wonton
锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)
花卷 steamed twisted rolls
套餐 set meal
盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away
米豆腐 rice tofu
魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu
米粉 rice noodles
冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc。
) 火锅 chafing dish
八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding
粉丝 glass noodles
豆腐脑 jellied bean curd
4 、中国新兴事物的翻译 (Newly Sprouted Things)
十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan
中国计算机联网 Chinanet
三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project
希望工程 Project Hope
京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway
扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project
菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project
温饱工程 Decent-Life Project
安居工程 Economy Housing Project
扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign
西部大开发 Go-West Campaign
5 、特有的一些中文词汇的翻译
禅宗 Zen Buddhism
禅 dhyana; dhgaya
混沌 chaos
道 Daosim, the way and its power
四谛 Four Noble Truth
八正道 Eightfold Path
无常 anity
五行说 Theory of Five Elements
无我 anatman
坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation
空 sunyata
虚无 nothingness
双喜 double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英) 小品 witty skits
相声 cross-talk
噱头 gimmick, stunt
夜猫子 night people; night-owls
本命年 this animal year of sb。
处世之道 philosophy of life
姻缘 yinyuan(prefixed fate of marriage)
还愿 redeem a wish (vows)
6 、具有文化特色的现代表述的翻译
大陆中国 Mainland China
红宝书 little red book
红色中国 socialist China
四化 Four Modernizations
终生职业 job-for-life
铁饭碗 iron rice bowl
大锅饭 communal pot
关系户 closely-related units
外出打工人员 migrant workers
关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild
五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals 四美(心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美)： the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment
7 、中国古代独特事物的翻译 (Unique Ancient Chinese Items) 宣纸 rice paper
衙门 yamen
叩头 kowtow
孔子Confucius
牌楼 pailou；pai-loo
武术 wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)
功夫 kungfu ；kung fu
中庸 the way of medium (cf. Golden Means)
中和 harmony (zhonghe)
孝顺 to show filial obedience
孝子 dutiful son
家长 family head
三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son, husband guides wife
五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity)， righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity 八股文 eight-legged essays
多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness
养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age
8、中国现代特色词汇的翻译
基层监督 grass-roots supervision
基础税率 base tariff level
婚介所 matrimonial agency
婚外恋 extramarital love
婚纱摄影 bride photo
黑心棉 shoddy cotton
机器阅卷 machine scoring
即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery
集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development 价格听证会 public price hearings
甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team
家政服务 household management service
加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion
假帐 accounting fraud
叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel
矫情 use lame arguments
借调 temporarily transfer
扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group。
扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption。