词根词干总结 (1)
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第一部分核心构词法
1. anti, de,counter, contra,= (反战的), defend(否认), decompose(分解), destructive(有害的),antitrust(反垄断的),antivirus(抗病毒疫苗)
2.con, com, cor, col= 共同的combine(合并), coexist,(共存)collect(收集), correct(恰当的), conclude(决定)
3.dis, di, dif,ab = 远离,分散dismiss(解散),dispel(驱散),disperse(驱散), discard (抛弃), diffuse(扩散), abnormal(不正常)
4. en, em= 进入……之中enable(使成为可能), enclose(围绕)encourage(鼓励), strengthen (加强), enlarge(扩大)
5.ex, e, es, iss= 向外的,分离的evacuate(撤退), elevate(提升), erase(抹去), escape(逃
跑), issue(派出), abduct(绑架),
6.fore=___ 先前的_________ forefather(祖先), foresee(预见), foretell(预知), foreword(引
言), forecast(预测)
7.in, ig, il, im, ir=___ 不,没有_ incapable(无法通过的), inability(无能的), immoral(不道德的),
illegal(非法的), irregular(不规则的)
8.inter, enter, in = ___在内,向内_____ interfere(干扰), intermittent(间歇), entertain(娱乐), include(包括), import(进口)
9.op, ob=______朝向_________ oppose(反对), obvious(明显), obtain(获得), opportunity(机
会), object(对象)
10.per=______贯穿,自始至终______________ perfect(完美的), perpetua l(永久的), permit(允许),
perspective(透视的), persuade(说服)
11.pre= _______……前的,预先_______________ preside(主持), precede(领先), prevail(占上风),
prelude(前奏)
12.pro, pur= ___ __向前,出_____________ progress(进展), proceed(前进), purpose(目的),
prominent(突出)
13.sub,suc=________在……下边________ substitute(替代), submerge(淹没), succeed(成功)
14.super, sur=_______超,超级________ supernatural(超自然), superpower(超能力), surplus(过剩),
surpass(超越)
15.re= ___________再次__________ remind(提醒), reflect(反思), refine(提炼), reaction(反应),
resist(抵制)
16.trans(tran-, tra-, tres-)=_____穿,越,超_______ transfer(传输), transform(转换), transmit(传
输), transparent(透明)
17.un, in, im, ir, il, =______不,没有______ unable(无法), inaccessible(无法接近), immoral(不道
德), irreplaceable(不可替代), illegal(非法)
18.uni=__________单一,一个__________ unique(独特), uniform(统一)universe(宇宙), unique
(独一无二)
1. 名词后缀
(1)__ _关于“人”的_________
1) -er表示"从事某种职业的人, 某地区,地方的人" banker, observer, Londoner, villager
2) -ant,-ent 表示"…者” merch ant, agent, servant, 3)-crat政体/主义的支持者democrat, bureaucrat
4)-ist 从事…研究者,信仰…主义者dentist, communist 5)-ician精通者…家electrician, technician
(2) ____关于“抽象名词”的________
1)-age, 状态,行为,身份及其结果courage, storage, marriage
2)-al, a) 动作,过程refusal, arrival, survival, denial, approval b) 具体事物signal, editorial, journal
3)-ance, -ence 性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度endurance , diligence, difference, obedience
4)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 行为的过程,结果,状况action, solution, conclusion, destruction,
5)-ity, "性质,状态,程度” pur ity, reality, ability, calamity
6-ment, "行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument
7)-ness, 性质/状态/程度goodness, kindness 8)-ure, 行为/结果exposure, pressure,
(3) ______关于“位置”的_________
1)-age, "住所,地点" village, cottage 2)-ary, "住所,场地" library, granary (谷仓)
3)-ery, ry, "工作场所,地点" laundry, nursery, surgery(手术室) 4)-ory,"场所" factory, dormitory, laboratory
(4) _____关于“学术”的_________
1)-grapy, "…学,写法” bio graphy, calligraphy 2)-ic, ics, "…学…法" logic, mechanics, optics
3)-ology, "…学科…论”bi ology, zoology, technology 4)-ery,-ry "学科,技术" chemistry, cookery
5)-nomy, "…学…术" astronomy, economy 6)-y, "…学,术,法” photograph y, philosophy