阅读理解主旨大意题

阅读理解——主旨大意一．考情分析考察主旨大意的题量在这十年中相对稳定，一般来说每套试题有1到2个小题，但近两年从考察形式上由原来的简单的主旨归纳变得综合性越来越强，所以对学生的要求也越来越高。

二、设问方式1. main idea / mainly about2. best title3. What can we learn from the first / second paragragh ?三、呈现方式1. 开门见山式——主题句出现在文首eg: 2007. (50) 2008.(50)2. 藏头露尾式——主题句出现在文尾eg： 2010. （49）3. 首尾呼应式——开头提出主题句，结尾再进一步明确主题。

eg : 2014 .(55) 2006 .(55)4. 藏龙卧虎式——没有明确的主题句，需弄清各个段落在逻辑上的联系，寻找共同点。

eg : 2009. (55) 2011.(55) 2015. (55)四、小结五、作业例1（2008陕西）You are going to high school, aren't you? Maybe you don't know what to do. Well, here's a list of the top six things to do when you are in high school. These things will give you ideas of what your high school life could be like. Here you go!① Fin d your passion (激情) and what kind of person you are: Whether it's dance, basketball, or drawing, the important thing is that you have found something you are interested in.② Talk to people you wouldn't usually talk to: meet new people, find new friends and even talk to people you don't like. It will show what a great person you are. You never know what will happen after high school.③ Take part in at least one contest (竞赛): This will give you tears of laughter, happiness and memories.④ Get a job: This will help you see what it's like to have responsibility (责任). It can also help you make a little money to spend on yourself.⑤ Take a trip with your friends: It doesn't matter where you go or what you do, the memories will happen on the way and go on till the final place.⑥ Do your best at school: Don't ever get lazy; working hard now will help you in the future.50. What's the main idea of the passage?A. Have a happy school life.B. How to get along with your schoolmates.C. Ideas of successful high school life.D. Make sure your school life easy.例2 （2010陕西）Are you going to high school to go on with your study? What will you do if you can't? Don't worry. Vocational (职业的) schools are open for you because our country is in need of people with special skills.Compared with common high schools, vocational schools have more advantages. Firstly, in order to promote (促进) the development of vocational education, our country spends a lot of money on it. So you need to pay only a small part of the school fee (学费). Secondly, in here you have already started learning practical skills that you can use all your life. But some other students may still worry about how to spend the long three years at high schools. Why? Because they didn't choose the school that suits (适合) them. And finally, when they are still wondering where to go, you are already able to live on your own handsproudly. And perhaps it won't be long before you are on the road to success.People take different roads because they have different potentials (潜力). So different students should choose different schools. Go to high school if you think that you can go farther on that road. Choose a key high school if you are lucky enough to have the chance. Enter a vocational school if you are interested in the lessons there and you are better at making things with your hands.In a word, think carefully and see what kind of person you are. Remember, always choose things that suit you.49. What can we learn from the passage?A. People should take the same road.B. Key high school students must be good at making things.C. Clever students are better at using their hands.D. We should choose things that suit us.例3（2014陕西）Are you going to high school to go on with your study? What will you do if you can't? Don't worry. Vocational (职业的) schools are open for you because our country is in need of people with special skills.Compared with common high schools, vocational schools have more advantages. Firstly, in order to promote (促进) the development of vocational education, our country spends a lot of money on it. So you need to pay only a small part of the school fee (学费). Secondly, in here you have already started learning practical skills that you can use all your life. But some other students may still worry about how to spend the long three years at high schools. Why? Because they didn't choose the school that suits (适合) them. And finally, when they are still wondering where to go, you are already able to live on your own hands proudly. And perhaps it won't be long before you are on the road to success.People take different roads because they have different potentials (潜力). So different students should choose different schools. Go to high school if you think that you can go farther on that road. Choose a key high school if you are lucky enough to have the chance. Enter a vocational school if you are interested in the lessons there and you are better at making things with your hands.In a word, think carefully and see what kind of person you are. Remember, always choose things that suit you.49. What can we learn from the passage?A. People should take the same road.B. Key high school students must be good at making things.C. Clever students are better at using their hands.D. We should choose things that suit us.例4（2015陕西）The eagle has the longest life of its group. It can reach up to70 years. But to reach this age, the eagle must make a hard andpainful decision.When an eagle reaches near 40, its short sharp beak becomesbent（弯曲的）. Its long and once flexible（灵活的） talonscan no longer catch animals or birds for food. And its old andheavy wings with thick feathers on its body make it difficult to fly.Then, the eagle has only tow choices: to die or to go through apainful time of change which needs five months.When the eagle feels weak and is about to die, it goes to aplace far away on the top of a mountain and sits on a nest. For a new life, the eagle knocks its beak against a rock until it pulls its beak out. After pulling it out, the eagle waits for a new beak to grow. And then it pulls out its talons and old feathers. It takes the eagle five months to complete its change and get a new life. We can call it its rebirth. So it can live for 30 more years.Like the eagle, we human beings sometimes need to make some change to get out of our difficulty. In miserable condition, we have to change our ways of life. The changing may be very painful. But sometimes we have to throw off our old habits, memories and traditions. We can't go on with all our past burdens（重负）.55.The best title for the passage can be" ".A.The death of the eagleB. The living period of the eagleC. A good and easy decisionD. Rebirth of the eagleExercises：ABeing safe in your everyday life needs knowledge (知识). If you remember the following information, your life will be much safer.● Always notice the environment around you. You shouldn't walk alone outside. Make sure where the public phones are. If anything dangerous happens, you can find them easily.● Your bag should be carried towards the front of your body instead of putting it on your back. When a bus is full of people, it is easy enough for a thief to take away the things in the bag on your back.● If you are followed by someone you don't know, cross the street and go to the other way, let the person understand that you know he or she is after you. Next, don't go home at once. You are safer in the street than you are alone in your home or in a lift (电梯).● If you have to take a bus to a place far away, try to get to the stop a few minutes earlier before the bus leaves. This stops other people from studying you. On the bus, don't sit alone. Sit behind the driver or withother people. Don't sleep.50. What can you learn from the text?A. How to notice the environment around you.B. How to be safe in your everyday life.C. How to cross the street.D. How to use the public phones.BRound eyes, round head, round ears, round body! What is this lovely little animal?He looks like a bear. But he is not a bear. He' s a KOALA.People in Australia love koalas and take care of them. They have set up places for them to live safely. No one can kill them for their pretty fur(毛皮)? When a koala is born, he has no fur. And he is not as big as your little toe(脚趾)! The mother koala has a pocket in the front of her body. The baby goes into this warm pocket. There he stays for six months.The koala could not live without a special kind of tree. The tree gives him both his home and his food. For most of the day the koala sleeps in the tree.At night the koala looks for food. He may go miles to find it He likesonly the bark (树皮) and the leaves of the tree. He eats nothing else.And he eats more than two pounds each night!How lovely the koalas really are!55. What is the text mainly about?A. How people in Australia protect koalas.B. Lovely koalas in Australia.C. Koalas cannot live without a special kind of tree.D. The way mother koalas take carCWe moved to a new area when our son was in Grade Five. Before we moved, we took him to spend half a day at his new school. There he saw his new classmates and teachers. He enjoyed the visit. During the almost 150-kilometer drive home, he told us that he had told some of the students the date when we would move there. And he had also invited them to visit us.The moving day, a Saturday, was a busy day. But we arrived at our new house at noon. About an hour later, kids began to come and soon one of them invited our son to his house to play for the afternoon.By the time he returned, he knew where most of the kids lived and all of their family histories.On Monday morning, the door bell rang just before the time he would leave for school. Then it rang again and again.By the time he was ready, we had eight young boys waiting to walk to school with him on his first day. They all lived near us.I asked them if their parents had sent them. The answers surprised and pleased me, "No, we just came so that he would have people to walk with."and "It is the right thing to do."The startings of lasting (持续的) friendships were formed(形成) that day. We have lived here nearly six years and the same group of kids still plays together, goes to parties on weekends together, and surfs together.I still get thinking how welcoming and kind those kids were. And how lucky my son is to have them as friends!55. The passage shows us that_______.A. it's easy to move to a new placeB. it's kind of people to help a new comerC. it's difficult to make new friendsD. it's better to live in the same placeDHow do you pay for things？Do you usually use cash(现金), or do you like to pay by credit card(信用卡)? If you are like a lot of people, you probably have at least one credit card. Also, you might use it more often than you probably should.Credit card first became popular in the 1920s. At that time, businesses, such as hotels and companies, gave credit cards to their best customers(顾客). Unlike today's credit cards, customers could only use these cards at the store or business that gave out the card. Customers had to pay for the things in full. They couldn't pay for something a little at a time.In 1950s, a businessman named McNamara started a credit card company —Diners Club. Unlike earlier credit cards, this card is could be used by customers at many restaurants, Customers liked the card because they didn't have to carry a lot of cash with them. Restaurant owners liked the card, too. Why they found out that customers usually spent more money when they could pay by credit card.In its first year of business, Diners Club issued 200 cards. The customers who got the cards from the Diners Club could use them at 27 different restaurants. Today, Diners Club has about 8 million customers,and they can use their cards in over 7.6 million businesses in more than 200 countries.55. This passage is mainly about .A. part of the development of credit cardsB. how to use cashC. the number of people who use credit cards in the worldD. how credit cards help businessmen。