内蒙古赤峰梯田土壤有机碳含量分布特征及其影响因素_李龙
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内蒙古赤峰梯田土壤有机碳含量分布特征及其影响因素
*
李
龙
姚云峰
**
秦富仓
(内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,呼和浩特010018)
摘要选择内蒙古赤峰市敖汉旗内水平梯田为研究对象,对不同水平梯田进行采样,分析了梯田土壤有机碳含量的垂直分布特征,以及地形因子和人类活动对其影响。结果表
明:研究区梯田1m 深土壤剖面有机碳含量在0.87 10.25g ·kg -1
,平均含量为5.91g ·kg -1。不同土层间有机碳含量存在明显差异,有机碳含量随着土壤深度的增加而降低;表
层土壤有机碳平均碳含量为7.54g ·kg -1
,
分别是中层和底层土壤有机碳含量的1.32倍和1.67倍。各层土壤有机碳含量随坡位的变化均表现为上坡位<中坡位<下坡位;不同坡向上土壤有机碳平均含量表现为阴坡>半阴坡>半阳坡>阳坡,且坡位和坡向对土壤有机碳的影响均存在显著差异(P <0.05)。人为因素对梯田土壤有机碳含量的影响主要体现在不同的耕作制度和管护措施上,秸秆还田、免耕等措施有助于提高土壤有机碳含量。关键词
梯田;土壤有机碳;分布特征;影响因素
中图分类号S153.62文献标识码A 文章编号1000-4890(2014)11-2930-06Distribution and affecting factors of soil organic carbon of terraced fields in Chifeng ,In-ner Mongolia.LI Long ,YAO Yun-feng **,QIN Fu-cang (College of Ecology and Environ-mental Science ,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University ,Hohhot 010018,China ).Chinese Journal of Ecology ,2014,33(11):2930-2935.
Abstract :A study was conducted to analyze the distribution of soil organic carbon of terraced fields and the effects of topographic factors and human activities in Aohan ,Chifeng ,Inner Mon-golia.The results showed that the soil organic carbon content was the range of 0.87-10.25g ·kg -1within 1m depth of terraced area and averaged at 5.91g ·kg -1.There were significant differences in soil organic carbon content among different layers ;the organic carbon content de-creased with increasing the soil depth.The average content of soil organic carbon was 7.54g ·kg -1in surface layer (0-20cm ),being 1.32times and 1.67times of that in the middle (20-60cm )and bottom (60-100cm )layers ,respectively.The effects of slope position on soil or-ganic carbon were in order of upper slope <middle slope <lower slope ,and the effects of slope direction were in order of shady slope >semi-shady slope >semi-sunny slope >sunny slope.
Effects of human activities on soil organic carbon content of terraced fields were mainly embodied in the different cultivation and management measures ;straw returning and no-till methods helped
improve soil organic carbon content.Key words :terraced fields ;soil organic carbon ;distribution characteristics ;affecting factors.
*内蒙古应用研究与开发计划项目(20110732)资助。
**通讯作者E-mail :yaoyunfeng@yahoo.com.cn 收稿日期:2014-03-22接受日期:2014-
05-04土壤有机碳库是陆地生态系统中最重要的碳库之一,对降低大气中温室气体浓度和缓解全球气候变暖均具有积极作用(Jenkinson et al .,
1991;Lal ,2004)。农田生态系统在陆地碳循环中具有重要地
位,提高农田土壤有机碳的固定不仅可以有效减缓
大气CO 2浓度的增加,
同时对保障国家粮食安全也具有十分重要的意义(覃章才和黄耀,
2010)。与森林、草地等自然生态系统相比,农田生态系统受人类
活动的影响尤为剧烈(Carter ,1994),农田土壤有机碳的含量及其分布特征更是衡量土壤质量、土壤健
康状况的一个重要指标,是影响土壤肥力及作物产
生态学杂志Chinese Journal of Ecology 2014,
33(11):2930-2935DOI:10.13292/j.1000-4890.20141022.013