全国英语本科专业通用教材高级英语课件

III. Background information
Dictionary: a
published list, in alphabetical order, of the words of a language, explaining and defining them,
in
the case of a bilingual dictionary, translating them into another language.
in
III. Background information
British
lexicographers from the 19th cent.
on, began to collect and organize examples of usage.
III. Background information
III. Background information
In
1961 The third edition: 2752 pages, 460,000 entries, 200,000 usage examples, 3,000 pictorial illustrations and more than 1,000 synonyms
III. Background information
In
the 20th cent., American dictionary makers began to adopt criteria of use rather than of etymological词源的purity. Dictionaries were produced in China, Greece, Islam, and other complex early cultures.
composition and devices of figuration
II. Procedure of teaching
1. 2.
Questions and answers Analysis of the structure and
language
3.
4.
Detailed study of the text
III. Background information
The
first modern examples of lexicography: Nathan Bailey's Universal Etymological English Dictionary (1721) his larger Dictionarium Britannicum (1730), which served Samuel Johnson,
The
established
III. Background information His view: The spelling and grammar of a language must be based on actual usage rather than artificial principles. Laid a foundation for the 20th century lexicography.
III. Background information

lexicon: dictionary, esp. of an ancient language or of words from a single subject thesaurus: [θi'sɔ:rəs] book containing lists of words and phrases grouped according to their meanings or types
In
1857
the
Philological Society began collecting dated examples of usage, culminating in the publication (1928) of the monumental, unrivalled lexicon known as the New English Dictionary, the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) or Murray's Dictionary.
III. Background information
Webster's
other contributions: efforts in the passage of a national copyright law, efforts in the founding of the Amherst College etc.
Supplementary and text-book
exercises
III. Background information
Webster,
Noah (Oct. 16, 1748 - May 28, 1843) American lexicographer词典编纂 者and philologist语言学者, 文献学者, born in West Hartford, Conn. A Yale graduate.
III. Background information
Encyclopedia: book
or set of books giving information about every branch of knowledge, or about one particular subject, with articles in alphabetical order

III. Background information
The first
Elementary Spelling Book
published in the late years of the 18th cent., American spelling
standardized
by
1850, when the whole population was under 23 million, was sold at 1 million copies annually.
comprehensive English lexicography.
III. Background information The next great lexicographer :
Noah
Webster
His
American Dictionary of the English Language : skilfully revised and abridged over the years, thereby retaining its popularity. 1891, a six-volume American encyclopaedic dictionary, The Century
Lesson 11
But What's a Dictionary For?
I. Aims and Contents of Teaching
1.
the comprehension of the text and the language
mastery of the important points
III. Background information
In
1840 the second edition : a failure sell the copy right to Merriam Publishing Company which thereafter became the Merriam-Webster Incorporation.
III. Background information
Samuel
Johnson first complete man of letters,
England's
in preparing his Dictionary of the
English Language (1755), the first
IV. Detailed Stuቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱy of the Text
2.
stature – a. Someone's stature is their height and general size. She was rather small in stature. – b. The stature of a person or of their achievements is the importance and reputation that they have. a musician of international stature
2.
the paraphrases of certain
complicated or difficult sentences
I. Aims and Contents of Teaching
3.
the enlargement of the students'
vocabulary
4.
the familiarisation with the styles of
III. Background information
Elementary the
Spelling Book
first part of the Grammatical Institute of the English Language American Dictionary of the English Language the nobility and vitality of the American Language.
III. Background information
Two
major shorter editions: The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Current English the Shorter Oxford English Dictionary.
III. Background information


(a thesaurus of slang)
IV. Detailed Study of the Text
1.
–
abuse: n. & v. abusive, adj. a. unkind, cruel or rude words, He burst into a storm of abuse. b. wrong use, misuse, improper treatment, maltreat to abuse one's power, authority, position, wealth, etc.
Other
advances in lexicography: are reflected in the frequently revised collegiate or desk dictionaries, such as the Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary.
III. Background information The American Dictionary of the English Language his greatest work published in 1828. Of the 70,000 words, 12,000 had not appeared in any other dictionaries before. Within one year, all the 2,500 copies issued in American and the 3,000 copies in Britain were sold out.