高一定语从句讲解
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关系代词作宾语时通常可省略。但是当作介词 的宾语且介词提前到定语从句句首时,不能省略， 要根据先行词的内容选择whom和which，即构 成介词+whom/which的结构。
*介词后面不可用that !
**介词可提前的情况:
固定搭配和非固定搭配
1.The artist _D__ the judge gave a prize is the teacher ___ I have been taught painting for two years.
5.whose的用法: 1) 先行词是人,从句中缺少定语时，用 whose。
e.g. Do you know the boy whose parents
她是那个我在会议上遇到的女孩。
e.g. He wants to return the book to the girl whom/who/that he cares for.
他想把书还给那个他喜欢的女孩子。
* I. 当先行词是one, ones, anybody, anyone, all, none, those 等, 指人时 一般用who,不用that。 e.g. Those who want to Байду номын сангаасo to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school. 想去看电影的人必须在校门口等。
e.g. The only thing that he remembered was her name. 他唯一记得的东西是她的名字。
3）先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修 饰时。
e.g. This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here.
意 1)先行词是人, 从句中缺少主语时, 用
定 语
who或that作从句的主语。
从 句
e.g. I have a friend who/that likes
的 listening to classic music.
翻 译
我有一个喜欢听古典音乐的朋友。
！
2）先行词是人,从句中缺动词宾语或 介词宾语时，用whom,who或that。 e.g. She is the girl whom/who/that I met at the meeting.
**根据在定语从句中所充当的成分将引 导定语从句的关系词分为： 关系代词和关系副词。
三. 关系词的用法: （一）引导定语从句的关系代词有: who, whom, whose, that, which, as。 在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表 语、定语(whose)等成分。
注1．先行词是人时的情况:
3.下列情况下, 最好用that引导定语从句: 1）先行词是不定代词, 如all, little, few,
much, anything, everything, nothing, none, some 等。
e.g. Is there anything that you want?
2）先行词被all, every, no, some, little, few, much, one of , the only, the very, the right 等所修饰时。
这是我来到这里以来看的第一部电影。
4）先行词中既有人又有物时。
e.g. They talked about the teachers and the things that they remembered in the school. 他们谈论了他们所记得的学校里的老 师和一些事情。
4．关系代词作宾语时的特别情况:
A.from whom; by whom
B.to whom; who
C.from; who
D.to whom; by whom
2. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _B__ the sailing time was 226 days.
II. 在以疑问词who开头的句子中, 或关 系代词在从句中作表语时, 用that, 不用 who。 e.g. Who is the man that is shouting there?
正在那边叫喊的那个人是谁？
e.g. She is not the girl that she used to be. 她已经不是过去的她了。
Attributive clause
一、定语从句的三个概念: 1. 定语从句:用来做定语的句子叫定语从 句。 2. 关系词：引出定语从句的词叫关系词。 3. 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或 代词叫先行词。
二、关系词在从句中的作用: 1. 引导定语从句； 2. 关系词本身没有词义,代替先行词 的词义； 3. 必须充当定语从句中的一个成分.
A.of which
B. during which
C. from which
D. for which
3. -Why does she always ask you for help? -Ther is no one else _B__, is there?
A.who to turn to B.she can turn to C.for whom to turn D. for she to turn
2. 先行词是物时的情况: 1）先行词是物, 从句中缺少主语时,
用that, which。 e.g. You’d better not drink water which /that has not been boiled.
你最好不要喝没开的水。
2）先行词是物, 从句中缺少动词宾语或介 词宾语时, 用which或 that。 e.g. Finally the thief handed the money which /that he stole to the police. 最后小偷把他偷的钱交给了警察。 e.g. This is the house which/that once Lu Xun lived in. 这是鲁迅曾经居住过的房子。
*介词后面不可用that !
**介词可提前的情况:
固定搭配和非固定搭配
1.The artist _D__ the judge gave a prize is the teacher ___ I have been taught painting for two years.
5.whose的用法: 1) 先行词是人,从句中缺少定语时，用 whose。
e.g. Do you know the boy whose parents
她是那个我在会议上遇到的女孩。
e.g. He wants to return the book to the girl whom/who/that he cares for.
他想把书还给那个他喜欢的女孩子。
* I. 当先行词是one, ones, anybody, anyone, all, none, those 等, 指人时 一般用who,不用that。 e.g. Those who want to Байду номын сангаасo to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school. 想去看电影的人必须在校门口等。
e.g. The only thing that he remembered was her name. 他唯一记得的东西是她的名字。
3）先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修 饰时。
e.g. This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here.
意 1)先行词是人, 从句中缺少主语时, 用
定 语
who或that作从句的主语。
从 句
e.g. I have a friend who/that likes
的 listening to classic music.
翻 译
我有一个喜欢听古典音乐的朋友。
！
2）先行词是人,从句中缺动词宾语或 介词宾语时，用whom,who或that。 e.g. She is the girl whom/who/that I met at the meeting.
**根据在定语从句中所充当的成分将引 导定语从句的关系词分为： 关系代词和关系副词。
三. 关系词的用法: （一）引导定语从句的关系代词有: who, whom, whose, that, which, as。 在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表 语、定语(whose)等成分。
注1．先行词是人时的情况:
3.下列情况下, 最好用that引导定语从句: 1）先行词是不定代词, 如all, little, few,
much, anything, everything, nothing, none, some 等。
e.g. Is there anything that you want?
2）先行词被all, every, no, some, little, few, much, one of , the only, the very, the right 等所修饰时。
这是我来到这里以来看的第一部电影。
4）先行词中既有人又有物时。
e.g. They talked about the teachers and the things that they remembered in the school. 他们谈论了他们所记得的学校里的老 师和一些事情。
4．关系代词作宾语时的特别情况:
A.from whom; by whom
B.to whom; who
C.from; who
D.to whom; by whom
2. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _B__ the sailing time was 226 days.
II. 在以疑问词who开头的句子中, 或关 系代词在从句中作表语时, 用that, 不用 who。 e.g. Who is the man that is shouting there?
正在那边叫喊的那个人是谁？
e.g. She is not the girl that she used to be. 她已经不是过去的她了。
Attributive clause
一、定语从句的三个概念: 1. 定语从句:用来做定语的句子叫定语从 句。 2. 关系词：引出定语从句的词叫关系词。 3. 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或 代词叫先行词。
二、关系词在从句中的作用: 1. 引导定语从句； 2. 关系词本身没有词义,代替先行词 的词义； 3. 必须充当定语从句中的一个成分.
A.of which
B. during which
C. from which
D. for which
3. -Why does she always ask you for help? -Ther is no one else _B__, is there?
A.who to turn to B.she can turn to C.for whom to turn D. for she to turn
2. 先行词是物时的情况: 1）先行词是物, 从句中缺少主语时,
用that, which。 e.g. You’d better not drink water which /that has not been boiled.
你最好不要喝没开的水。
2）先行词是物, 从句中缺少动词宾语或介 词宾语时, 用which或 that。 e.g. Finally the thief handed the money which /that he stole to the police. 最后小偷把他偷的钱交给了警察。 e.g. This is the house which/that once Lu Xun lived in. 这是鲁迅曾经居住过的房子。