医学英语试题(B)
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医学英语期末考试试卷（B 卷）
课程名称 医学英语 任课教师 学院 专业 年级 姓名 校园卡号
1. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese (10 points for each
paragraph).
(1) A tissue consists of a group of similar cells along with the material between the cells, which are organized to carry out a particular function. There are 4 major types of tissues: epithelial, connective, nervous, and muscular, each of which has a special function to perform.
(2) Passive immunity is attained when antibodies formed in lower animals or human beings are injected into another person. Passive immunity is of short duration; the borrowed antibodies tend to exhaust their cycle and disappear as the blood is renewed.
Passive immunization is used rarely today.
(3) Apoptosis is an active, programmed cell death process controlled by genes. There are two kinds of genes controlling apoptosis: one is pro-apoptosis genes, such as P53, and so on; the other is anti-apoptosis genes, such as certain members of bcl-2 family, and so on.
(4) Hardening of the arteries (arteriosclerosis) is a degeneration of the wall of the artery and is a normal part of growing old. It affects all the arteries of the body and can be accelerated and exaggerated by high blood pressure. Atherosclerosis (deposition of fats and cholesterol within an artery) is much more serious.
(5) Basically the digestive system consists of a long tube that runs from the mouth to the anus. This tube, known as the digestive tract, is made up of the following organs:
装__________________________装____________________________订____________________________线__________________________
the mouth, the pharynx, the esophagus, the stomach, the large and small intestines, and so on.
2. Translate the following paragraphs into English (10 points for each paragraph). （1）甲状腺分两叶，包绕在喉和气管上部，在下丘脑和垂体前叶的指令下工作。它的功能是从血流中吸收碘和其它物质以生成称为甲状腺素的激素。
（2）呼吸系统由两部分组成：1）导气部，和2）呼吸部。导气部（气道）包括一系列管道，即：鼻、咽、喉、气管和支气管；呼吸部则包括肺。（3）内分泌系统和神经系统的功能是调节其它器官系统。前者通过称为激素的化学物质的作用调节机体的功能，而后者则通过神经元的活动调节机体的功能。
（4）胰分泌胰液以助消化，胰液通过胰导管释入十二指肠。胰还具有重要的内分泌功能，分泌两种激素——胰高血糖素和胰岛素，这两种激素与维持血糖水平有关。
（5）静脉血栓形成容易发生在手术或中风后长期卧床的人。通常采用抗凝药物治疗静脉血栓形成。
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